CN104285632A - Cultivation method for improving polysaccharide content of Chinese yam - Google Patents
Cultivation method for improving polysaccharide content of Chinese yam Download PDFInfo
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- CN104285632A CN104285632A CN201410458526.4A CN201410458526A CN104285632A CN 104285632 A CN104285632 A CN 104285632A CN 201410458526 A CN201410458526 A CN 201410458526A CN 104285632 A CN104285632 A CN 104285632A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for improving the polysaccharide content of a Chinese yam. The method comprises various measures of soil selection, thin film coverage, base fertilizer selection, growing period management, growth regulator control, fertilizer and water management and the like. At last, the polysaccharide content of the Chinese yam treated by the method can be improved by 15% maximally.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation method improving polyoses content in Chinese yam.
Background technology
Chinese yam is as traditional traditional tonic medicine, have body and act on widely, it is the dietotherapy delicacies of chronic, also be all-ages functional food, its active component Chinese yam polysaccharide is the main component that it plays a role, Chinese yam polysaccharide is the main active of Chinese yam, primarily of mannose, wood sugar, arabinose, glucose and galactose composition, has become the focus of Chinese yam research in recent years.Much research confirms, Chinese yam polysaccharide have strengthen immunity, delay senility, antitumor, reduce the multiple pharmacological effect such as blood sugar.
Chinese yam polysaccharide can improve islet cell function, promote the release of insulin and blood sugar is reduced, research finds that Chinese yam polysaccharide has protection islet cells from the effect destroying or repair damaged islet cells, Chinese yam polysaccharide can also make blood sugar reduce by reducing the absorption of sugar, after Huang Shaohuas etc. have studied application Chinese yam polysaccharide, the enzyme activity of α-amylase changes, find that Chinese yam polysaccharide can suppress the enzyme activity of α-amylase, its inhibitory action increases with the increase of polysaccharide concentration, illustrate that Chinese yam polysaccharide is a kind of alpha-amylase inhibitor to sugar, blood sugar is reduced by reducing the absorption of sugar.In addition, also find hematoblastic detection, Chinese yam polysaccharide can reduce hematoblastic quantity, thus improves microvascular circulation, illustrates that Chinese yam polysaccharide plays an important role in the control of diabetes and the development of prognosis.Visible, Chinese yam polysaccharide has a very important role to the mankind, and the extraction at present for Chinese yam polysaccharide has had preliminary research, but the comparision contents of Chinese yam polysaccharide is low, thus cost is relatively high.
Summary of the invention
For the present situation existed at present, the technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of cultivation method that can improve Chinese yam polysaccharide, is improved the content of polysaccharide by suitable culture technique.For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
Improve a cultivation method for polyoses content in Chinese yam, adopt following methods to cultivate:
(1) select soil property fertile, soil layer is deep, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, air capacity of soils good, irrigation and drainage easily sand plough deeply 35 ~ 45 centimetres, define cultivation ditch, then base manure is applied in cultivation ditch, selected base manure is every mu and executes pig manure or chicken manure or cow dung 1000 ~ 2000 kilograms, bagasse 500 ~ 800 kilograms, ash 200 ~ 300 kilograms, 20 ~ 30 kilograms, urea, and fertilizer should fully mix with soil;
Chinese yam growing period composite fertilizer imposes 2 ~ 3 times, mainly in the middle and later periods of growth, Chinese yam emerge neat after execute the human excrement urine of 1 time 20%, executed 1 time every 20 ~ 30 days later, underground stem tuber enters vigorous growth when containing the phase, every mu impose 20 ~ 30 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 30 ~ 40 kilograms of cake fertilizer, with 500 ~ 800 kilograms of cow and bullock manures and the bagasse arbitrarily than mixing;
Adopt high furrow duplicate rows to plant, furrow are wide 0.9 ~ 1.2 meter, and furrow are high 25 ~ 30 centimetres, furrow width 30 centimetres, wide row space 1.5 ~ 1.8 meters, little line-spacing 35 ~ 50 centimetres, spacing in the rows 40 ~ 45 centimetres;
(2) at the yam cultivation initial stage, cultivate with red or purple plastic film covering Chinese yam, when Chinese yam plant grows to 20 ~ 40cm, remove film, then built is carried out to Chinese yam;
(3) water in good time, when soil moisture is below 50%, in time moisturizing is carried out to Chinese yam, at later stages, within general about 10 days, water once permeable;
(4) when the long 70 ~ 100cm of plant, spray the chlormequat of 180 ~ 250 mg/kg, spray again once with the chlormequat solution of 250 ~ 400 mg/kg mid-term in growth; The control of damage by disease and insect is carried out in whole campaign;
(5) timely collecting: when plant leaves starts to turn yellow, land cultivation is being gathered after the Frost's Descent again, is conducive to the accumulation of polysaccharide.
Be: a kind of cultivation method improving polyoses content in Chinese yam adopt following methods to cultivate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention:
(1) select soil property fertile, soil layer is deep, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, air capacity of soils good, irrigation and drainage easily sand plough deeply 45 centimetres, define cultivation ditch, then base manure is applied in cultivation ditch, selected base manure is every mu and executes cow dung 2000 kilograms, bagasse 500 kilograms, ash 200 kilograms, 30 kilograms, urea, and fertilizer should fully mix with soil;
Chinese yam growing period composite fertilizer imposes 2 times, mainly in the middle and later periods of growth, Chinese yam emerge neat after execute the human excrement urine of 1 time 20%, underground stem tuber enters vigorous growth when containing the phase, and every mu imposes 30 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 30 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 500 kilograms of cow and bullock manures and 300 kilograms of bagasses;
Adopt high furrow duplicate rows to plant, furrow are wide 1.2 meters, and furrow are high 30 centimetres, furrow width 30 centimetres, wide row space 1.8 meters, little line-spacing 50 centimetres, spacing in the rows 40 centimetres;
(2) at the yam cultivation initial stage, cultivate with red or purple plastic film covering Chinese yam, when Chinese yam plant grows to 40cm, remove film, then built is carried out to Chinese yam;
(3) water in good time, when soil moisture is below 50%, in time moisturizing is carried out to Chinese yam, at later stages, within general about 10 days, water once permeable;
(4) when the long 100cm of plant, spray the chlormequat of 250 mg/kg, spray again once with the chlormequat solution of 250 mg/kg mid-term in growth; The control of damage by disease and insect is carried out in whole campaign;
(5) timely collecting: when plant leaves starts to turn yellow, land cultivation is being gathered after the Frost's Descent again, is conducive to the accumulation of polysaccharide.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
In vegetative period, controlled the growth of Chinese yam by multiple measure, thus improve the content of Chinese yam polysaccharide.
At the yam cultivation initial stage, with red or purple film, Chinese yam is covered, select film that is red or purple, the absorption of ruddiness or purple light can be increased, thus be conducive to the growth of Chinese yam.
Cultivation method of the present invention can improve the polyoses content in Chinese yam effectively, and it is low to consume energy, and cost increases few, and method is simple, is easy to control.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) in yam planting base, Guangxi Gold Tian Town, select soil property fertile, soil layer is deep, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, air capacity of soils good, irrigation and drainage easily sand plough deeply 35 ~ 45 centimetres, form cultivation ditch, then base manure is applied in cultivation ditch, selected base manure is every mu and executes pig manure 1000 kilograms, bagasse 800 kilograms, ash 200 kilograms, 30 kilograms, urea, and fertilizer should fully mix with soil;
Chinese yam growing period composite fertilizer imposes 3 times, mainly in the middle and later periods of growth, Chinese yam emerge neat after execute the human excrement urine of 1 time 20%, underground stem tuber enters vigorous growth when containing the phase, and every mu imposes 20 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 40 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 200 kilograms of cow and bullock manures and 400 kilograms of bagasses;
Adopt high furrow duplicate rows to plant, furrow are wide 0.9 meter, and furrow are high 25 centimetres, furrow width 30 centimetres, wide row space 1.5 meters, little line-spacing 35 centimetres, spacing in the rows 40 centimetres;
(2) at the yam cultivation initial stage, cultivate with red or purple plastic film covering Chinese yam, when Chinese yam plant grows to 20cm, remove film, then built is carried out to Chinese yam;
(3) water in good time, when soil moisture is below 50%, in time moisturizing is carried out to Chinese yam, at later stages, within general about 10 days, water once permeable;
(4) when the long 70cm of plant, spray the chlormequat of 180 mg/kg, spray again once with the chlormequat solution of 400 mg/kg mid-term in growth; The control of damage by disease and insect is carried out in whole campaign;
(5) timely collecting: when plant leaves starts to turn yellow, land cultivation is being gathered after the Frost's Descent again, is conducive to the accumulation of polysaccharide.
After measured, active polysaccharide on average increases by 13% to Chinese yam polysaccharide of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
(1) in yam planting base, Guangxi Gold Tian Town, select soil property fertile, soil layer is deep, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, air capacity of soils good, irrigation and drainage easily sand plough deeply 45 centimetres, define cultivation ditch, then base manure is applied in cultivation ditch, selected base manure is every mu and executes cow dung 2000 kilograms, bagasse 500 kilograms, ash 200 kilograms, 30 kilograms, urea, and fertilizer should fully mix with soil;
Chinese yam growing period composite fertilizer imposes 2 times, mainly in the middle and later periods of growth, Chinese yam emerge neat after execute the human excrement urine of 1 time 20%, underground stem tuber enters vigorous growth when containing the phase, and every mu imposes 30 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 30 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 500 kilograms of cow and bullock manures and 300 kilograms of bagasses;
Adopt high furrow duplicate rows to plant, furrow are wide 1.2 meters, and furrow are high 30 centimetres, furrow width 30 centimetres, wide row space 1.8 meters, little line-spacing 50 centimetres, spacing in the rows 40 centimetres;
(2) at the yam cultivation initial stage, cultivate with red or purple plastic film covering Chinese yam, when Chinese yam plant grows to 40cm, remove film, then built is carried out to Chinese yam;
(3) water in good time, when soil moisture is below 50%, in time moisturizing is carried out to Chinese yam, at later stages, within general about 10 days, water once permeable;
(4) when the long 100cm of plant, spray the chlormequat of 250 mg/kg, spray again once with the chlormequat solution of 250 mg/kg mid-term in growth; The control of damage by disease and insect is carried out in whole campaign;
(5) timely collecting: when plant leaves starts to turn yellow, land cultivation is being gathered after the Frost's Descent again, is conducive to the accumulation of polysaccharide.
After measured, active polysaccharide on average increases by 15% to Chinese yam polysaccharide of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
(1) in yam planting base, Guangxi Gold Tian Town, select soil property fertile, soil layer is deep, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, air capacity of soils good, irrigation and drainage easily sand plough deeply 40 centimetres, define cultivation ditch, then base manure is applied in cultivation ditch, selected base manure is every mu and executes pig manure or chicken manure or cow dung 1500 kilograms, bagasse 600 kilograms, ash 250 kilograms, 25 kilograms, urea, and fertilizer should fully mix with soil;
Chinese yam growing period composite fertilizer imposes 2 times, mainly in the middle and later periods of growth, Chinese yam emerge neat after execute the human excrement urine of 1 time 20%, executed 1 time every 20 ~ 30 days later, underground stem tuber enters vigorous growth when containing the phase, every mu impose 25 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 35 kilograms of cake fertilizer, with 400 kilograms of cow and bullock manures and the 400 kilograms of bagasses arbitrarily than mixing;
Adopt high furrow duplicate rows to plant, furrow are wide 1 meter, and furrow are high 25 centimetres, furrow width 30 centimetres, wide row space 1.6 meters, little line-spacing 40 centimetres, spacing in the rows 40 centimetres;
(2) at the yam cultivation initial stage, cultivate with red or purple plastic film covering Chinese yam, when Chinese yam plant grows to 30cm, remove film, then built is carried out to Chinese yam;
(3) water in good time, when soil moisture is below 50%, in time moisturizing is carried out to Chinese yam, at later stages, within general about 10 days, water once permeable;
(4) when the long 85cm of plant, spray the chlormequat of 200 mg/kg, spray again once with the chlormequat solution of 300 mg/kg mid-term in growth; The control of damage by disease and insect is carried out in whole campaign;
(5) timely collecting: when plant leaves starts to turn yellow, land cultivation is being gathered after the Frost's Descent again, is conducive to the accumulation of polysaccharide.
After measured, active polysaccharide on average increases by 10% to Chinese yam polysaccharide of the present invention.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. improve a cultivation method for polyoses content in Chinese yam, it is characterized in that, adopt following methods to cultivate:
(1) select soil property fertile, soil layer is deep, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, air capacity of soils good, irrigation and drainage easily sand plough deeply 35 ~ 45 centimetres, define cultivation ditch, then base manure is applied in cultivation ditch, selected base manure is every mu and executes pig manure or chicken manure or cow dung 1000 ~ 2000 kilograms, bagasse 500 ~ 800 kilograms, ash 200 ~ 300 kilograms, 20 ~ 30 kilograms, urea, and fertilizer should fully mix with soil;
Chinese yam growing period composite fertilizer imposes 2 ~ 3 times, mainly in the middle and later periods of growth, Chinese yam emerge neat after execute the human excrement urine of 1 time 20%, executed 1 time every 20 ~ 30 days later, underground stem tuber enters vigorous growth when containing the phase, every mu impose 20 ~ 30 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 30 ~ 40 kilograms of cake fertilizer, with 500 ~ 800 kilograms of cow and bullock manures and the bagasse arbitrarily than mixing;
Adopt high furrow duplicate rows to plant, furrow are wide 0.9 ~ 1.2 meter, and furrow are high 25 ~ 30 centimetres, furrow width 30 centimetres, wide row space 1.5 ~ 1.8 meters, little line-spacing 35 ~ 50 centimetres, spacing in the rows 40 ~ 45 centimetres;
(2) at the yam cultivation initial stage, cultivate with red or purple plastic film covering Chinese yam, when Chinese yam plant grows to 20 ~ 40cm, remove film, then built is carried out to Chinese yam;
(3) water in good time, when soil moisture is below 50%, in time moisturizing is carried out to Chinese yam, at later stages, within general about 10 days, water once permeable;
(4) when the long 70 ~ 100cm of plant, spray the chlormequat of 180 ~ 250 mg/kg, spray again once with the chlormequat solution of 250 ~ 400 mg/kg mid-term in growth; The control of damage by disease and insect is carried out in whole campaign;
(5) timely collecting: when plant leaves starts to turn yellow, land cultivation is being gathered after the Frost's Descent again, is conducive to the accumulation of polysaccharide.
2. a kind of cultivation method improving polyoses content in Chinese yam according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adopts following methods to cultivate:
(1) select soil property fertile, soil layer is deep, preserve moisture and fertility power is strong, air capacity of soils good, irrigation and drainage easily sand plough deeply 45 centimetres, define cultivation ditch, then base manure is applied in cultivation ditch, selected base manure is every mu and executes cow dung 2000 kilograms, bagasse 500 kilograms, ash 200 kilograms, 30 kilograms, urea, and fertilizer should fully mix with soil;
Chinese yam growing period composite fertilizer imposes 2 times, mainly in the middle and later periods of growth, Chinese yam emerge neat after execute the human excrement urine of 1 time 20%, underground stem tuber enters vigorous growth when containing the phase, and every mu imposes 30 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 30 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 500 kilograms of cow and bullock manures and 300 kilograms of bagasses;
Adopt high furrow duplicate rows to plant, furrow are wide 1.2 meters, and furrow are high 30 centimetres, furrow width 30 centimetres, wide row space 1.8 meters, little line-spacing 50 centimetres, spacing in the rows 40 centimetres;
(2) at the yam cultivation initial stage, cultivate with red or purple plastic film covering Chinese yam, when Chinese yam plant grows to 40cm, remove film, then built is carried out to Chinese yam;
(3) water in good time, when soil moisture is below 50%, in time moisturizing is carried out to Chinese yam, at later stages, within general about 10 days, water once permeable;
(4) when the long 100cm of plant, spray the chlormequat of 250 mg/kg, spray again once with the chlormequat solution of 250 mg/kg mid-term in growth; The control of damage by disease and insect is carried out in whole campaign;
(5) timely collecting: when plant leaves starts to turn yellow, land cultivation is being gathered after the Frost's Descent again, is conducive to the accumulation of polysaccharide.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105009896A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-11-04 | 太仓市惠勤农场专业合作社 | Chinese yam cultivation method with convenient harvest, excellent quality and high yield |
| CN105145050A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-12-16 | 孙丹丹 | Selenium enriched-mauve jade Chinese yam planting method |
| CN109169101A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-11 | 李喜娥 | The balanced fertilizing method of semiarid region yam cultivation |
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| CN105145050A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-12-16 | 孙丹丹 | Selenium enriched-mauve jade Chinese yam planting method |
| CN109169101A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-11 | 李喜娥 | The balanced fertilizing method of semiarid region yam cultivation |
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Application publication date: 20150121 |