CN105009896A - Chinese yam cultivation method with convenient harvest, excellent quality and high yield - Google Patents

Chinese yam cultivation method with convenient harvest, excellent quality and high yield Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105009896A
CN105009896A CN201510410462.5A CN201510410462A CN105009896A CN 105009896 A CN105009896 A CN 105009896A CN 201510410462 A CN201510410462 A CN 201510410462A CN 105009896 A CN105009896 A CN 105009896A
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China
Prior art keywords
chinese yam
furrow
field
liquid
cultivation method
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CN201510410462.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李忠球
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Diligent Farm Of Granary Curry Favour Specialty Co-Operative Organization
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Diligent Farm Of Granary Curry Favour Specialty Co-Operative Organization
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Priority to CN201510410462.5A priority Critical patent/CN105009896A/en
Publication of CN105009896A publication Critical patent/CN105009896A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a Chinese yam cultivation method with convenient harvest, excellent quality and high yield. The method comprises the steps of (1) land arrangement, (2) seed treatment, (3) seed cultivation, (4), field management, and (5) harvest. According to the method, field border planting is employed, seedling flooding can be prevented, the labor intensity of harvesting can be reduced, and the damage of a Chinese yam block root tuber is avoided, two times of fertilization and deep plowing are employed to improve soil fertility, porosity and permeability, and through regular watering, weeding, proper fertilization and pest control, the yield and quality of the Chinese yam are improved. The Chinese yam cultivation method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation and a high yield and is suitable for large-scale cultivation and promotion.

Description

A kind of gathering facilitates the Chinese yam cultivation method of good quality and high output
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of crop cultivation, particularly relate to a kind of gathering and facilitate the Chinese yam cultivation method of good quality and high output.
Background technology
Chinese yam has another name called Huai Chinese yam, white Chinese yam, Chinese yam, Huai Shan etc., is Dioscoreaceae yam.The block root meat of Chinese yam is fine and smooth, and containing rich in protein, amino acid, vitamin and starch, being delicious good to eat, nutritious delicacies, is again the medicinal material that medical value is very high.Chinese yam has the function of invigorating the spleen, controlling nocturnal emission with astringent drugs, tonifying lung, kidney-nourishing, cures mainly the diseases such as cough due to deficiency of the lung, insufficiency of the spleen diarrhoea, diabetes.
At present, yam cultivation technology pays attention to the improvement to plantation base growth belt in early stage mostly, such as plant plastics guide slot or sleeve pipe plantation by traditional soil ditching, arrive soil property U shape directional planting groove again, and less to the research of yam cultivation middle and later periods, thus the seed output and quality of yam planting is made to can not get basic raising and improvement.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of gathering and facilitates the Chinese yam cultivation method of good quality and high output, has all carried out adaptive improvement to the whole planting season of Chinese yam, contributes to the seed output and quality improving Chinese yam.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: provide a kind of gathering to facilitate the Chinese yam cultivation method of good quality and high output, comprise the steps:
(1) consolidation: select deep, the well-drained sand loam of soil layer, every mu applies 4000 ~ 5000kg well-rotted farmyard manure and the agent of 400 ~ 500kg 2% methyl different sulphur phosphorus powder, deep ploughing 70 ~ 80cm, after machine suppression, every mu of application of phosphoric acid calcium 30 ~ 40kg, decomposed manure 1000 ~ 2000kg, potassium sulfate 30 ~ 40kg, urea 20 ~ 25kg and 5% phoxim granule 1 ~ 1.5kg, turn over 25 ~ 30cm, and rake carefully flattens, suppression; Then dig in field and make field furrow, and on furrow face, output width be 15 ~ 20cm, the degree of depth is the groove of 20 ~ 25cm;
(2) seedling process: select length to be the reed head of 10 ~ 15cm, with the mixed liquor seed soaking 5 ~ 8min of 200 times of liquid bordeaux mixture and 150 times of liquid carbendazols, under being then placed in daylight, irradiation carries out vernalization in 2 ~ 3 days;
(3) seedling cultivation: the Chinese yam reed head after vernalization in step (2) is planted in the furrow face groove in step (1) by the spacing in the rows of 20cm;
(4) field management: after planting and emerging, loosens the soil furrow face and waters permeable; When plant grows to 15 ~ 20cm, Xiang Zhumiao sprays the bordeaux mixture of 200 times of liquid, and waters people and animals' liquid dung; When plant to be planted grows to 30 ~ 40cm, building is highly the support of 1.5 ~ 1.8m, makes that Chinese yam stem is climing to be grown seeking connections with on support; At Chinese yam the middle and late growth stage, every 15 ~ 20 days, impose a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and each 30 ~ 40kg of people and animals' liquid dung, water permeable after topdressing; After watering and after rainwater, bleed off the water in furrow ditch at every turn;
At Chinese yam growing period, actual conditions, every 20 ~ 40 days, spray the bordeaux mixture of 200 times of liquid, prevent the generation of damage by disease and insect;
(5) gather in the crops: start results when the leaf abscission of terrestrial stem 3/4ths, excavate field furrow when gathering and can obtain the fast root of Chinese yam.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of described field furrow is 1.5m, and width is 50 ~ 60cm, and adjacent field furrow spacing is 25 ~ 30cm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during described seedling process, the mixed volume ratio of described 200 times of bordeaux mixture and 150 times of carbendazols is 3:1.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during described field management, every 20 ~ 30 days, once broken ground weeding in furrow surface, field.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of gathering of the present invention facilitates the Chinese yam cultivation method of good quality and high output, adopt field ridge cultivation to plant, can prevent from flooding seedling, and the labour intensity of results can be reduced, avoid the damage of Chinese yam block root; Adopt twice fertilising, deep ploughing, improve the fertile degree of soil, gas porosity and gas permeability; By regularly watering, weeding, suitably to topdress and the extermination of disease and insect pest, improve the quality of the output of Chinese yam.Of the present invention gathering facilitates the Chinese yam cultivation method of good quality and high output, and simple to operation, income is high, is suitable for establishing in large scale and promotes.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention comprises:
Embodiment 1
Selection soil layer is deep, well-drained sand loam, every mu applies 4000kg well-rotted farmyard manure and the agent of 500kg 2% methyl different sulphur phosphorus powder, deep ploughing 70cm, described farmyard manure and pulvis are placed into the soil deeply, to improve the base fertilizer of soil and to kill soil insect, after machine suppression, every mu of application of phosphoric acid calcium 40kg, decomposed manure 2000kg, potassium sulfate 30kg, urea 20kg and 5% phoxim granule 1kg, turn over 25cm, the thin leveling of rake, suppression, then dig with the spacing of 25cm in field and make height for 1.5m, width is the field furrow of 50cm, and to output width on furrow face be 15cm, the degree of depth is the groove of 20cm, for planting Chinese yam, field furrow are planted Chinese yam can avoid ponding to flood seedling on the one hand, and aspect results, alleviate the labour intensity deep-cut on the other hand, and can reduce Chinese yam block velamen digs bad probability simultaneously.
Selection length is the reed head of 10 ~ 15cm, is 200 times of liquid bordeaux mixture of 3:1 and the mixed liquor seed soaking 5 ~ 8min of 150 times of liquid carbendazols, irradiates and carry out vernalization in 2 ~ 3 days under being then placed in daylight with volume ratio; After Chinese yam reed head is sprouted, be planted in by the spacing in the rows of 20cm in the furrow face groove dug, earthing 6 ~ 8cm, and make furrow face smooth.
After planting and emerging, loosened the soil in furrow face and water permeable; When plant grows to 15 ~ 20cm, spray the bordeaux mixture of 30L 200 times of liquid to every mu of post seedling, and water people and animals' liquid dung 20kg; When plant to be planted grows to 30 ~ 40cm, building is highly the support of 1.5 ~ 1.8m, makes that Chinese yam stem is climing to be grown seeking connections with on support, is beneficial to plant ventilated; At Chinese yam the middle and late growth stage, every 15 ~ 20 days, impose a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and each 30 ~ 40kg of people and animals' liquid dung, water permeable after topdressing; After watering and after rainwater, bleed off the water in furrow ditch at every turn, to make between field furrow surface and field furrow not ponding;
At Chinese yam growing period, actual conditions, every 20 ~ 40 days, spray the bordeaux mixture of 200 times of liquid, every 20 ~ 30 days, once to break ground weeding to furrow surface, field, keep from heavy weed growth in the field, draw soil nutrient with the generation of prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Start results when the leaf abscission of terrestrial stem 3/4ths, excavate field furrow when gathering, the fast root of Chinese yam can be obtained.
Embodiment 2
Selection soil layer is deep, well-drained sand loam, every mu applies 5000kg well-rotted farmyard manure and the agent of 400kg 2% methyl different sulphur phosphorus powder, deep ploughing 80cm, described farmyard manure and pulvis are placed into the soil deeply, to improve the base fertilizer of soil and to kill soil insect, after machine suppression, every mu of application of phosphoric acid calcium 30kg, decomposed manure 1000kg, potassium sulfate 40kg, urea 25kg and 5% phoxim granule 1.5kg, turn over 30cm, the thin leveling of rake, suppression, then dig with the spacing of 25cm in field and make height for 1.5m, width is the field furrow of 60cm, and to output width on furrow face be 20cm, the degree of depth is the groove of 25cm, for planting Chinese yam, field furrow are planted Chinese yam can avoid ponding to flood seedling on the one hand, and aspect results, alleviate the labour intensity deep-cut on the other hand, and can reduce Chinese yam block velamen digs bad probability simultaneously.
Selection length is the reed head of 10 ~ 15cm, is 200 times of liquid bordeaux mixture of 3:1 and the mixed liquor seed soaking 5 ~ 8min of 150 times of liquid carbendazols, irradiates and carry out vernalization in 2 ~ 3 days under being then placed in daylight with volume ratio; After Chinese yam reed head is sprouted, be planted in by the spacing in the rows of 20cm in the furrow face groove dug, earthing 6 ~ 8cm, and make furrow face smooth.
After planting and emerging, loosened the soil in furrow face and water permeable; When plant grows to 15 ~ 20cm, spray the bordeaux mixture of 40L 200 times of liquid to every mu of post seedling, and water people and animals' liquid dung 30kg; When plant to be planted grows to 30 ~ 40cm, building is highly the support of 1.5 ~ 1.8m, makes that Chinese yam stem is climing to be grown seeking connections with on support, is beneficial to plant ventilated; At Chinese yam the middle and late growth stage, every 15 ~ 20 days, impose a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and each 30 ~ 40kg of people and animals' liquid dung, water permeable after topdressing; After watering and after rainwater, bleed off the water in furrow ditch at every turn, to make between field furrow surface and field furrow not ponding;
At Chinese yam growing period, actual conditions, every 20 ~ 40 days, spray the bordeaux mixture of 200 times of liquid, every 20 ~ 30 days, once to break ground weeding to furrow surface, field, keep from heavy weed growth in the field, draw soil nutrient with the generation of prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Start results when the leaf abscission of terrestrial stem 3/4ths, excavate field furrow when gathering, the fast root of Chinese yam can be obtained.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. gather and facilitate a Chinese yam cultivation method for good quality and high output, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) consolidation: select deep, the well-drained sand loam of soil layer, every mu applies 4000 ~ 5000kg well-rotted farmyard manure and the agent of 400 ~ 500kg 2% methyl different sulphur phosphorus powder, deep ploughing 70 ~ 80cm, after machine suppression, every mu of application of phosphoric acid calcium 30 ~ 40kg, decomposed manure 1000 ~ 2000kg, potassium sulfate 30 ~ 40kg, urea 20 ~ 25kg and 5% phoxim granule 1 ~ 1.5kg, turn over 25 ~ 30cm, and rake carefully flattens, suppression; Then dig in field and make field furrow, and on furrow face, output width be 15 ~ 20cm, the degree of depth is the groove of 20 ~ 25cm;
(2) seedling process: select length to be the reed head of 10 ~ 15cm, with the mixed liquor seed soaking 5 ~ 8min of 200 times of liquid bordeaux mixture and 150 times of liquid carbendazols, under being then placed in daylight, irradiation carries out vernalization in 2 ~ 3 days;
(3) seedling cultivation: the Chinese yam reed head after vernalization in step (2) is planted in the furrow face groove in step (1) by the spacing in the rows of 20cm;
(4) field management: after planting and emerging, loosens the soil furrow face and waters permeable; When plant grows to 15 ~ 20cm, Xiang Zhumiao sprays the bordeaux mixture of 200 times of liquid, and waters people and animals' liquid dung; When plant to be planted grows to 30 ~ 40cm, building is highly the support of 1.5 ~ 1.8m, makes that Chinese yam stem is climing to be grown seeking connections with on support; At Chinese yam the middle and late growth stage, every 15 ~ 20 days, impose a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and each 30 ~ 40kg of people and animals' liquid dung, water permeable after topdressing; After watering and after rainwater, bleed off the water in furrow ditch at every turn;
At Chinese yam growing period, actual conditions, every 20 ~ 40 days, spray the bordeaux mixture of 200 times of liquid, prevent the generation of damage by disease and insect;
(5) gather in the crops: start results when the leaf abscission of terrestrial stem 3/4ths, excavate field furrow when gathering and can obtain the fast root of Chinese yam.
2. according to claim 1 gathering facilitates the Chinese yam cultivation method of good quality and high output, it is characterized in that, the height of described field furrow is 1.5m, and width is 50 ~ 60cm, and adjacent field furrow spacing is 25 ~ 30cm.
3. according to claim 1 gathering facilitates the Chinese yam cultivation method of good quality and high output, it is characterized in that, during described seedling process, the mixed volume ratio of described 200 times of bordeaux mixture and 150 times of carbendazols is 3:1.
4. according to claim 1 gathering facilitates the Chinese yam cultivation method of good quality and high output, it is characterized in that, during described field management, every 20 ~ 30 days, once to break ground weeding to furrow surface, field.
CN201510410462.5A 2015-07-14 2015-07-14 Chinese yam cultivation method with convenient harvest, excellent quality and high yield Pending CN105009896A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102301887A (en) * 2011-07-19 2012-01-04 屯留县民康中药材开发有限公司 High-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam
CN104285632A (en) * 2014-09-10 2015-01-21 韦俊 Cultivation method for improving polysaccharide content of Chinese yam
CN104396524A (en) * 2014-11-27 2015-03-11 秦富英 Cultivation method of dioscorea opposita
CN104541809A (en) * 2013-10-11 2015-04-29 朱全顺 Method for culturing purple yam

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102301887A (en) * 2011-07-19 2012-01-04 屯留县民康中药材开发有限公司 High-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam
CN104541809A (en) * 2013-10-11 2015-04-29 朱全顺 Method for culturing purple yam
CN104285632A (en) * 2014-09-10 2015-01-21 韦俊 Cultivation method for improving polysaccharide content of Chinese yam
CN104396524A (en) * 2014-11-27 2015-03-11 秦富英 Cultivation method of dioscorea opposita

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
张正常等: "山药栽培与加工", 《安徽林业》 *
李友星等: "沿淮地区淮山药高产高效栽培技术", 《安徽农学通报》 *

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