CN104396524A - Cultivation method of dioscorea opposita - Google Patents
Cultivation method of dioscorea opposita Download PDFInfo
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- CN104396524A CN104396524A CN201410699427.5A CN201410699427A CN104396524A CN 104396524 A CN104396524 A CN 104396524A CN 201410699427 A CN201410699427 A CN 201410699427A CN 104396524 A CN104396524 A CN 104396524A
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- chinese yam
- seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method of dioscorea opposite. The method comprises the steps of (1) selecting a planting land and variety; (2) leveling the land and seeding; (3) performing land management, namely, a, building a rack for leading vine; b, managing the fertilizer and water; c, pruning the branch and controlling seedlings; (4) preventing and treating diseases and insect pests; (5) harvesting and processing. The cultivation method is systemic, scientific and reasonable in the processes from land and variety selecting to harvesting and processing; the method is simple to operate, easy to be popularized and high in output, and the dioscorea opposite is high in quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation of a kind of crops, be specifically related to the cultivation method of a kind of Chinese yam.
Background technology
Chinese yam and Chinese yam, make again Huai Chinese yam, Chinese yam rhizome, native potato, mountain potato, sweet potato, jade prolong, and is the perennial voluble herb plant of Dioscoreaceae.It is the food of a kind of traditional dietotherapeutic of China, and by the successive dynasties, medicine scholar is called " longevity factor ", is the tonic can eating in the four seasons, suit the taste of both old and young.Chinese yam stem tuber is starch-containing, the various active composition such as nutrient component and polysaccharide, glycoprotein, allantoin, choline, dihydroxy benzenes ethamine, cholesterol, ergosterol, campesterol, B mono-sitosterol, oligosaccharide such as protein, free amino acid mainly, effects such as " kidney-nourishing gas, strengthening the spleen and stomach, stopping leak dysentery, the saliva that reduces phlegm, profit furs " that Compendium of Material Medica records Chinese yam to be had, is therefore subject to concern and the favor of people.Find after deliberation in recent years and confirm, Chinese yam has anti-oxidant, reducing blood lipid, medical value and the anti-disease mechanism thereof such as antitumor.
The Main Cultivation mode of current China four large Chinese yam main producing region cultivation is the cultivation of excavated by manual work ditch or semimechanized subsoiling Root growth, and the adaptive capacity of Chinese yam is extremely strong, all has plantation throughout the country.But, quality better be produced, Chinese yam that output is high still needs to explore a set of cultivation management technology.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide that a kind of method is simple, high yield, high-quality Chinese yam cultivation method.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A cultivation method for Chinese yam, comprises the following steps:
(1) select planting site and kind: select deep, loose fertile, draining is good, soda acid the is moderate sand loam of soil layer, select disease-resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, output are high, the kind of shelf-stable;
(2) sow: plough deeply 50 centimetres, soil in April wholely, execute farmyard manure 3000 ~ 5000 kilograms for every mu simultaneously, then rake and make large ridge and sow, loose full, shape neat, not damaged and endothelium is selected to turn green seed, ditch in drilling by line-spacing 20 ~ 25cm, earthing 5 ~ 6 cm thick;
(3) field management:
A built draws climing: when height of seedling 20cm, build People's Bank of China's support, draws climing winding and upwards grows;
B rich water quality management: the added front and back of Chinese yam are watered in conjunction with shallow intertillage and executed seedling fertilizer, when Chinese yam tendril first time in the ranks, heavy dressing 1 time is prosperous fleshes up, fertile to the long potato of Chinese yam heavy dressing before and after the Summer Solstice, water during arid in addition irrigation and 7 ~ August timely drainage waterlogging prevention;
C training control seedling: after Chinese yam seedling is added, beat the side shoot that base portion is sent out;
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest: spray 65% zineb, 500 times of liquid, 95% chlorophos, 1000 times of liquid and 58% metalaxyl mancozeb wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid mixed liquors June ~ July, spray in every 7 days 1 time, continuous spraying medicine 3 ~ 4 times;
(5) gethering and processing: start when the leaf abscission of terrestrial stem 2/3rds to gather, first pillar is connected that stem is climing to be pulled up simultaneously, shake to cause drop the bulbil on viticula, from the one end on ridge, Chinese yam block root is dug out in carefulness successively, block root cleans stem tuber after gathering in time, scrape off crust with bamboo cutter or sheet glass after ducking in drink, thinly slice and dry or dry.
As optimal technical scheme, in order to reach yam planting specification, being beneficial to Chinese yam and flourishing, thus improve seed output and quality, in described step (2), the spacing in the rows of water furrow planting is 7 ~ 10cm.
As optimal technical scheme, in order to prevent and treat all damage by disease and insect of Chinese yam as far as possible, be beneficial to the seed output and quality improving Chinese yam, in described step (4), the extermination of disease and insect pest also can spray 50% Tuzet wetting powder, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid mixed liquors.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has: from selection of land and kind to pick and process, the invention provides set of system, scientific and reasonable cultivation method, simple to operate, be easy to promote, and plantation output is high, Chinese yam quality better.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
A cultivation method for Chinese yam, comprises the following steps:
(1) select planting site and kind: select deep, loose fertile, draining is good, soda acid the is moderate sand loam of soil layer, select disease-resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, output are high, the kind of shelf-stable;
(2) sow: plough deeply 50 centimetres, soil in April wholely, simultaneously execute farmyard manure 3000 kilograms for every mu, then rake and make large ridge and sow, select loose full, shape neat, not damaged and endothelium to turn green seed, ditch in drilling by line-spacing 20cm, earthing 5 cm thick;
(3) field management:
A built draws climing: when height of seedling 20cm, build People's Bank of China's support, draws climing winding and upwards grows;
B rich water quality management: the added front and back of Chinese yam are watered in conjunction with shallow intertillage and executed seedling fertilizer, when Chinese yam tendril first time in the ranks, heavy dressing 1 time is prosperous fleshes up, fertile to the long potato of Chinese yam heavy dressing before and after the Summer Solstice, water during arid in addition irrigation and 7 ~ August timely drainage waterlogging prevention;
C training control seedling: after Chinese yam seedling is added, beat the side shoot that base portion is sent out;
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest: spray 65% zineb, 500 times of liquid, 95% chlorophos, 1000 times of liquid and 58% metalaxyl mancozeb wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid mixed liquors June ~ July, spray in every 7 days 1 time, continuous spraying medicine 4 times;
(5) gethering and processing: start when the leaf abscission of terrestrial stem 2/3rds to gather, first pillar is connected that stem is climing to be pulled up simultaneously, shake to cause drop the bulbil on viticula, from the one end on ridge, Chinese yam block root is dug out in carefulness successively, block root cleans stem tuber after gathering in time, scrape off crust with bamboo cutter or sheet glass after ducking in drink, thinly slice and dry or dry.
Embodiment 2
A cultivation method for Chinese yam, comprises the following steps:
(1) select planting site and kind: select deep, loose fertile, draining is good, soda acid the is moderate sand loam of soil layer, select disease-resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, output are high, the kind of shelf-stable;
(2) sow: plough deeply 50 centimetres, soil in April wholely, simultaneously execute farmyard manure 4000 kilograms for every mu, then rake and make large ridge and sow, loose full, shape neat, not damaged and endothelium is selected to turn green seed, ditch in drilling by line-spacing 23cm, spacing in the rows 7cm, earthing 6 cm thick;
(3) field management:
A built draws climing: when height of seedling 20cm, build People's Bank of China's support, draws climing winding and upwards grows;
B rich water quality management: the added front and back of Chinese yam are watered in conjunction with shallow intertillage and executed seedling fertilizer, when Chinese yam tendril first time in the ranks, heavy dressing 1 time is prosperous fleshes up, fertile to the long potato of Chinese yam heavy dressing before and after the Summer Solstice, water during arid in addition irrigation and 7 ~ August timely drainage waterlogging prevention;
C training control seedling: after Chinese yam seedling is added, beat the side shoot that base portion is sent out;
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest: spray 65% zineb, 500 times of liquid, 95% chlorophos, 1000 times of liquid and 58% metalaxyl mancozeb wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid mixed liquors June ~ July, spray in every 7 days 1 time, continuous spraying medicine 3 times;
(5) gethering and processing: start when the leaf abscission of terrestrial stem 2/3rds to gather, first pillar is connected that stem is climing to be pulled up simultaneously, shake to cause drop the bulbil on viticula, from the one end on ridge, Chinese yam block root is dug out in carefulness successively, block root cleans stem tuber after gathering in time, scrape off crust with bamboo cutter or sheet glass after ducking in drink, thinly slice and dry or dry.
Embodiment 3
A cultivation method for Chinese yam, comprises the following steps:
(1) select planting site and kind: select deep, loose fertile, draining is good, soda acid the is moderate sand loam of soil layer, select disease-resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, output are high, the kind of shelf-stable;
(2) sow: plough deeply 50 centimetres, soil in April wholely, simultaneously execute farmyard manure 5000 kilograms for every mu, then rake and make large ridge and sow, loose full, shape neat, not damaged and endothelium is selected to turn green seed, ditch in drilling by line-spacing 25cm, spacing in the rows 10cm, earthing 6 cm thick;
(3) field management:
A built draws climing: when height of seedling 20cm, build People's Bank of China's support, draws climing winding and upwards grows;
B rich water quality management: the added front and back of Chinese yam are watered in conjunction with shallow intertillage and executed seedling fertilizer, when Chinese yam tendril first time in the ranks, heavy dressing 1 time is prosperous fleshes up, fertile to the long potato of Chinese yam heavy dressing before and after the Summer Solstice, water during arid in addition irrigation and 7 ~ August timely drainage waterlogging prevention;
C training control seedling: after Chinese yam seedling is added, beat the side shoot that base portion is sent out;
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest: spray 50% Tuzet wetting powder, 800 times of liquid and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid mixed liquors June ~ July, spray in every 7 days 1 time, continuous spraying medicine 3 times;
(5) gethering and processing: start when the leaf abscission of terrestrial stem 2/3rds to gather, first pillar is connected that stem is climing to be pulled up simultaneously, shake to cause drop the bulbil on viticula, from the one end on ridge, Chinese yam block root is dug out in carefulness successively, block root cleans stem tuber after gathering in time, scrape off crust with bamboo cutter or sheet glass after ducking in drink, thinly slice and dry or dry.
It should be pointed out that above case is only the representational example of the present invention.Obviously, technical scheme of the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, can also have many sex change.
Claims (3)
1. a cultivation method for Chinese yam, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) select planting site and kind: select deep, loose fertile, draining is good, soda acid the is moderate sand loam of soil layer, select disease-resistant, strong stress resistance, resistance to rich water, output are high, the kind of shelf-stable;
(2) sow: plough deeply 50 centimetres, soil in April wholely, execute farmyard manure 3000 ~ 5000 kilograms for every mu simultaneously, then rake and make large ridge and sow, loose full, shape neat, not damaged and endothelium is selected to turn green seed, ditch in drilling by line-spacing 20 ~ 25cm, earthing 5 ~ 6 cm thick;
(3) field management:
A built draws climing: when height of seedling 20cm, build People's Bank of China's support, draws climing winding and upwards grows;
B rich water quality management: the added front and back of Chinese yam are watered in conjunction with shallow intertillage and executed seedling fertilizer, when Chinese yam tendril first time in the ranks, heavy dressing 1 time is prosperous fleshes up, fertile to the long potato of Chinese yam heavy dressing before and after the Summer Solstice, water during arid in addition irrigation and 7 ~ August timely drainage waterlogging prevention;
C training control seedling: after Chinese yam seedling is added, beat the side shoot that base portion is sent out;
(4) extermination of disease and insect pest: spray 65% zineb, 500 times of liquid, 95% chlorophos, 1000 times of liquid and 58% metalaxyl mancozeb wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid mixed liquors June ~ July, spray in every 7 days 1 time, continuous spraying medicine 3 ~ 4 times;
(5) gethering and processing: start when the leaf abscission of terrestrial stem 2/3rds to gather, first pillar is connected that stem is climing to be pulled up simultaneously, shake to cause drop the bulbil on viticula, from the one end on ridge, Chinese yam block root is dug out in carefulness successively, block root cleans stem tuber after gathering in time, scrape off crust with bamboo cutter or sheet glass after ducking in drink, thinly slice and dry or dry.
2. the cultivation method of a kind of Chinese yam according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2), the spacing in the rows of water furrow planting is 7 ~ 10cm.
3. the cultivation method of a kind of Chinese yam according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: in described step (4), the extermination of disease and insect pest also can spray 50% Tuzet wetting powder, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid mixed liquors.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410699427.5A CN104396524A (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Cultivation method of dioscorea opposita |
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| CN201410699427.5A CN104396524A (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2014-11-27 | Cultivation method of dioscorea opposita |
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| CN104396524A true CN104396524A (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105009896A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-11-04 | 太仓市惠勤农场专业合作社 | Chinese yam cultivation method with convenient harvest, excellent quality and high yield |
| CN106211987A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 普定县金鑫种养殖专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of hillside fields Rhizoma Dioscoreae |
| CN110604023A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-24 | 湖北民族大学 | Method for breeding Chinese yam seedling by utilizing Chinese yam bulbil |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102301887A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-01-04 | 屯留县民康中药材开发有限公司 | High-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam |
| CN102860198A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2013-01-09 | 新疆医科大学 | Organic planting method of Xinjiang yam |
-
2014
- 2014-11-27 CN CN201410699427.5A patent/CN104396524A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102301887A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-01-04 | 屯留县民康中药材开发有限公司 | High-quality high-yield culture method for Chinese yam |
| CN102860198A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2013-01-09 | 新疆医科大学 | Organic planting method of Xinjiang yam |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 何莉等: ""山药无公害高效栽培技术"", 《农技服务》, vol. 30, no. 1, 31 December 2013 (2013-12-31), pages 9 - 10 * |
| 董礼花等: ""山药栽培技术"", 《上海蔬菜》, no. 5, 15 October 2014 (2014-10-15), pages 26 - 27 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105009896A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-11-04 | 太仓市惠勤农场专业合作社 | Chinese yam cultivation method with convenient harvest, excellent quality and high yield |
| CN106211987A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 普定县金鑫种养殖专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of hillside fields Rhizoma Dioscoreae |
| CN110604023A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-24 | 湖北民族大学 | Method for breeding Chinese yam seedling by utilizing Chinese yam bulbil |
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Application publication date: 20150311 |