CN109122110A - A kind of pepper cultivation management method - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of pepper cultivation management method, is related to technical field of crop cultivation, which includes the following steps: (1) seed treatment；(2) nurturing staff: carrying out nursery for being put into nutritive cube, paper bag or hole tray after configured Nutritive cube sterilization, be suitably divided into seedlings in seedling raising process, prevents and treats seedling stage diseases and pests, discovery sick and weak seedling is pulled out in time, and carries out cold-proof heat insulation；(3) it is colonized；(4) management after being colonized: the management before and after slow seedling；As a result the management after；(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；(6) it harvests: harvesting tender green pepper；Harvest mature green pepper.Pepper cultivation management method involved by the present invention can effectively improve the yield and quality of capsicum.

Description

A kind of pepper cultivation management method

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of crop cultivation, a kind of especially pepper cultivation management method.

Background technique

Capsicum is one of main vegetable crop in China, there is extensive purposes, can not only be eaten raw, but also be important condiment, Consequence is occupy in vegetables industry, it has also become indispensable food in people's daily life.

In the prior art, the cultural method of capsicum is varied, in general, is using nursery mostly, is colonized, applies Fertilizer, the scheme got rid of insects carry out, and wherein nursery is an especially important link in entire cultivation, and not managing slightly will Influence the late growth of plant, and traditional method for culturing seedlings is too simple, to nursery soil selection and nursery temperature Control aspect a bit deficient in can be in addition, the management in each stage also advanced optimizes the space of raising in traditional cultivation method Further increase the yield and quality of capsicum.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of pepper cultivation management method, the pepper cultivation management methods It can effectively improve the yield and quality of capsicum.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of pepper cultivation management method, including Following steps:

(1) seed treatment

First seed is dried, rinse, is pulled out, places into warm water and stirs, impregnates, be then sequentially placed into tertiary sodium phosphate and permanganic acid It is impregnated in potassium solution, finally pulls clean, vernalization out；

(2) nurturing staff

Nursery is carried out by being put into nutritive cube, paper bag or hole tray after configured Nutritive cube sterilization, is suitably divided into seedlings in seedling raising process, Seedling stage diseases and pests are prevented and treated, discovery sick and weak seedling is pulled out in time, and carries out cold-proof heat insulation；

(3) it is colonized

First site preparation and fertilization does furrow, then carries out disinfection to greenhouse and nylon wire insect prevention is arranged at ventilation opening, finally selects fine The field planting of its morning, covers mulch；

(4) management after being colonized

Management before and after slow seedling: before slow seedling, based on heat and moisture preserving, after slow seedling to before blooming, when Dry land, pours small water, works as door When green pepper grows to 3cm, according to the growing way of plant and fertility situation using secretly filling under film, Fertigation applies phosphorus in combination with medication Acid dihydride potassium foliage fertilizer；

As a result the management after: focusing on temperature, fertilizer and water management, carries out appropriate adjustment to plant；

(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control

Pay attention to rejecting sick seedling in growth period after field planting, to reduce the disease incidence of plant, early stage using plant insecticide with Water carries out sprinkling processing after allotment uniformly by 1:3~5 times amount allotment, and wherein the dosage of plant insecticide is to spray 15 per acre ~20 kilograms, interval sprays 1 time for 10~15 days, and continuous spraying 2~3 times；

(6) it harvests

Harvest tender green pepper: when pericarp become green, fruit is harder, and starts to harvest when color of the leather light, from blooming harvesting when Between between be divided into 20 days；

It harvests mature green pepper: starting to harvest when fruit color switchs to red or mulberry.

Further, in seed treatment: after seed is dried, being placed on drift in clear water and remove not plump seed, wash by rubbing with the hands and wash down kind of a sublist Face mucus is placed in 55 DEG C of warm water after pulling out and is sufficiently stirred, and stops stirring when water temperature drops to 30 DEG C, then impregnate 5-6 hours Pull out and impregnated respectively 10-15 minutes after draining the water with tertiary sodium phosphate and liquor potassic permanganate, pull out be placed on after being rinsed with clear water it is dry Vernalization in net damp gauze or towel.

Further, in nurturing staff:

The configuration method of the Nutrition Soil are as follows: with 4 parts of abundant decomposed high-quality organic fertilizers and 6 parts of close 3-5 are interior did not planted eggplant It is sieved after garden mould or the land mixing of section crop, every cubic metre plus plant ash 4-5kg after sieving；

The sterilization method of the Nutrition Soil are as follows: every cubic metre with 50% carbendazim 80g, DT100g, then plus hymexazol or green prosperous two Number fungicide 10g is mixed.

Further, in field planting, method that the site preparation and fertilization does furrow are as follows: 25-30cm is ploughed deeply into soil, in conjunction with whole Land applies sufficiently decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer 4000-6000kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 20-25kg, potassium sulfate 10-15kg, is made into high ridge In case field planting.

Further, in the management after field planting:

The management of temperature: stronger ventilation amount when weather turns warm, early period, the later period is endangered with high temperature-proof of divulging information was based on cold-proof heat insulation It is main, it is advisable with 20-25 DEG C daytime, when top portion ventilation amount deficiency, footing can be opened to reinforcement convection current, when extraneous minimum temperature is steady When being scheduled on 15 DEG C, night will also be given and divulge information, and can roll forward position film when stablizing at 18 DEG C under being fixed on front beam；

The management of rich water: weather increases irrigation amount when turning warm, climate comfort, watering in every 5-7 days is primary, top dressing one after the harvesting of door green pepper Secondary, then top dressing is primary when every 2-3 watering, chases after 3-4 times altogether, when top dressing, uses N P and K ternary compound fertilizer；

It arranges plant: being hung with plastic bundling rope or fix plant with bamboo pole level on the outside of furrow ridge, prevent plant from lodging, meanwhile, Small wooden fork under two or three wooden forks is extractd, when door green pepper tailend, is rationally pruned according to dilute close progress and stays branch, in favor of ventilation and penetrating light, Middle and later periods should extract disease leaf, yellow leaf, old leaf in time also to improve ventilation and penetrating light situation.

In pepper cultivation management method involved by the present invention, first seed is handled, then using the nutrition after disinfection Soil carries out seedling raising and strengthening, and effect is good, and the n plant survival rate cultivated is high, and disease rate is extremely low, well developed root system, with traditional nursery Method is compared, and has significant growth vigor, in addition, the present invention reasonably selects the time of field planting and harvesting, is conducive to plant and is filled Mitogenetic length, and stringent control is carried out to the temperature of plant, rich water in the present invention, pest and disease damage is effectively prevented, it can also basis The growing way of plant is arranged accordingly, provides a good growing environment for the growth of plant.In terms of comprehensive, using this The yield of hot pepper of method output is rich, best in quality, and compared with using traditional pepper cultivation method, this method can be effectively improved The yield and quality of capsicum has good use value.

Specific embodiment

For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, real The content that the mode of applying refers to not is limitation of the invention.

Embodiment

A kind of pepper cultivation management method, comprising the following steps:

(1) seed treatment

After seed is dried, it is placed on drift in clear water and removes not plump seed, wash by rubbing with the hands and wash down the surface of the seed mucus, 55 DEG C of warm water is placed on after pulling out In be sufficiently stirred, stop stirring when water temperature drops to 30 DEG C, then impregnate pull out within 6 hours drain the water after with tertiary sodium phosphate and permanganic acid Potassium solution impregnates 12 minutes respectively, pulls out and is placed on vernalization in clean damp gauze or towel after being rinsed with clear water；

(2) nurturing staff

Configuration Nutrition Soil: with 4 parts sufficiently decomposed high-quality organic fertilizers and 6 parts do not planted in nearly 4 years solanaceous crops garden mould or It is sieved after land mixing, every cubic metre plus plant ash 4.5kg after sieving, obtains Nutrition Soil；

Nutritive cube sterilization: 50% carbendazim 80g, DT100g of every cubic metre of Nutrition Soil, then plus hymexazol or it is green it is prosperous No. two sterilization Agent 10g mixes disinfection；

Nursery: nursery is carried out by being put into nutritive cube, paper bag or hole tray by the Nutrition Soil of disinfection, is suitably divided in seedling raising process Seedling prevents and treats seedling stage diseases and pests, and discovery sick and weak seedling is pulled out in time, and carries out cold-proof heat insulation；

(3) it is colonized

30cm first is ploughed deeply into soil, applies sufficiently decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer 6000kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 25kg, sulfuric acid in conjunction with site preparation mu Potassium 15kg is made into high ridge in case being colonized, then carries out disinfection to greenhouse and nylon wire insect prevention is arranged at ventilation opening, finally selects The field planting of the fine day morning is selected, mulch is covered；

(4) management after being colonized

Management before and after slow seedling: before slow seedling, based on heat and moisture preserving, after slow seedling to before blooming, when Dry land, pours small water, works as door When green pepper grows to 3cm, according to the growing way of plant and fertility situation using secretly filling under film, Fertigation applies phosphorus in combination with medication Acid dihydride potassium foliage fertilizer；

As a result the management of temperature after: stronger ventilation amount when weather turns warm, early period, the later period was based on cold-proof heat insulation with high temperature-proof of divulging information Based on harm, daytime is advisable with 23 DEG C, when top portion ventilation amount deficiency, footing can be opened to reinforcement convection current, when extraneous lowest temperature Degree is stablized at 15 DEG C, and night will also be given and divulge information, and can roll forward position film when stablizing at 18 DEG C under being fixed on front beam；

As a result the management of rich water after: weather increases irrigation amount when turning warm, climate comfort, watering in every 6 days is primary, chases after after the harvesting of door green pepper It is fertile primary, then top dressing is primary when every 2 waterings, chases after altogether 4 times, using N P and K ternary compound fertilizer when top dressing；

It arranges plant: being hung with plastic bundling rope or fix plant with bamboo pole level on the outside of furrow ridge, prevent plant from lodging, meanwhile, Small wooden fork under two or three wooden forks is extractd, when door green pepper tailend, is rationally pruned according to dilute close progress and stays branch, in favor of ventilation and penetrating light, Middle and later periods should extract disease leaf, yellow leaf, old leaf in time also to improve ventilation and penetrating light situation；

(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control

Pay attention to rejecting sick seedling in growth period after field planting, to reduce the disease incidence of plant, early stage using plant insecticide with Water measures allotment by 1:4 times, carries out sprinkling processing after allotment uniformly, and wherein the dosage of plant insecticide is that sprinkling 20 is public per acre Jin, interval spray 1 time for 13 days, and continuous spraying 3 times；

(6) it harvests

Harvest tender green pepper: when pericarp become green, fruit is harder, and starts to harvest when color of the leather light, from blooming harvesting when Between between be divided into 20 days；

It harvests mature green pepper: starting to harvest when fruit color switchs to red or mulberry.

Using the pepper cultivation management method provided in above-described embodiment in winter-spring season move-in-mud robot capsicum, and November Front and back sowing, the field planting of early Febuary in the coming year are begun to receive, observe and record the growing state of plant in entire cultivation, obtain March Following growth data:

1, the capsicum rice shoot plant height after strong sprout is greater than 15cm, and stem thickness is greater than 0.4cm, and 8-10 piece true leaf, leaf color is dark green, blade fertilizer Thickness, 90% or more rice shoot are buddingged, and root system development is good, and rustless, no disease and pests harm and mechanical damage；

2, plant shape orthostatic when harvesting, can dense planting increase income, fertility is prosperous and powerful, and early raw, as a result power is strong, the rich height of yield, and the long 18cm of fruit is left The right side weighs about 26g, and Chinese olive green, ripe fruit cerise, gloss is gorgeous, and meat is thick, and pungent is strong, and core is small.

Above-described embodiment is the preferable implementation of the present invention, and in addition to this, the present invention can be realized with other way, Do not depart from the technical program design under the premise of it is any obviously replace it is within the scope of the present invention.

In order to allow those of ordinary skill in the art more easily to understand the improvements of the present invention compared with the existing technology, this Some descriptions of invention have been simplified, and for the sake of clarity, present specification is omitted some other elements, ability The element that domain those of ordinary skill should be aware that these are omitted also may make up the contents of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of pepper cultivation management method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:

(1) seed treatment

First seed is dried, rinse, is pulled out, places into warm water and stirs, impregnates, be then sequentially placed into tertiary sodium phosphate and permanganic acid It is impregnated in potassium solution, finally pulls clean, vernalization out；

(2) nurturing staff

Nursery is carried out by being put into nutritive cube, paper bag or hole tray after configured Nutritive cube sterilization, is suitably divided into seedlings in seedling raising process, Seedling stage diseases and pests are prevented and treated, discovery sick and weak seedling is pulled out in time, and carries out cold-proof heat insulation；

(3) it is colonized

First site preparation and fertilization does furrow, then carries out disinfection to greenhouse and nylon wire insect prevention is arranged at ventilation opening, finally selects fine The field planting of its morning, covers mulch；

(4) management after being colonized

Management before and after slow seedling: before slow seedling, based on heat and moisture preserving, after slow seedling to before blooming, when Dry land, pours small water, works as door When green pepper grows to 3cm, according to the growing way of plant and fertility situation using secretly filling under film, Fertigation applies phosphorus in combination with medication Acid dihydride potassium foliage fertilizer；

As a result the management after: focusing on temperature, fertilizer and water management, carries out appropriate adjustment to plant；

(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control

Pay attention to rejecting sick seedling in growth period after field planting, to reduce the disease incidence of plant, early stage using plant insecticide with Water carries out sprinkling processing after allotment uniformly by 1:3~5 times amount allotment, and wherein the dosage of plant insecticide is to spray 15 per acre ~20 kilograms, interval sprays 1 time for 10~15 days, and continuous spraying 2~3 times；

(6) it harvests

Harvest tender green pepper: when pericarp become green, fruit is harder, and starts to harvest when color of the leather light, from blooming harvesting when Between between be divided into 20 days；

It harvests mature green pepper: starting to harvest when fruit color switchs to red or mulberry.

2. pepper cultivation management method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in seed treatment: seed is dried Afterwards, it is placed on drift in clear water and removes not plump seed, wash by rubbing with the hands and wash down the surface of the seed mucus, be placed in 55 DEG C of warm water and be sufficiently stirred after pulling out, to Stop stirring when water temperature drops to 30 DEG C, then impregnate pull out within 5-6 hour drain the water after with tertiary sodium phosphate and liquor potassic permanganate difference It impregnates 10-15 minutes, pulls out and be placed on vernalization in clean damp gauze or towel after being rinsed with clear water.

3. pepper cultivation management method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in nurturing staff:

The configuration method of the Nutrition Soil are as follows: with 4 parts of abundant decomposed high-quality organic fertilizers and 6 parts of close 3-5 are interior did not planted eggplant It is sieved after garden mould or the land mixing of section crop, every cubic metre plus plant ash 4-5kg after sieving；

The sterilization method of the Nutrition Soil are as follows: every cubic metre with 50% carbendazim 80g, DT100g, then plus hymexazol or green prosperous two Number fungicide 10g is mixed.

4. pepper cultivation management method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in field planting, the site preparation and fertilization is done The method of furrow are as follows: 25-30cm is ploughed deeply into soil, applies sufficiently decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer 4000-6000kg, phosphoric acid in conjunction with site preparation mu Diammonium 20-25kg, potassium sulfate 10-15kg are made into high ridge in case field planting.

5. pepper cultivation management method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in the management after field planting:

The management of temperature: stronger ventilation amount when weather turns warm, early period, the later period is endangered with high temperature-proof of divulging information was based on cold-proof heat insulation It is main, it is advisable with 20-25 DEG C daytime, when top portion ventilation amount deficiency, footing can be opened to reinforcement convection current, when extraneous minimum temperature is steady When being scheduled on 15 DEG C, night will also be given and divulge information, and can roll forward position film when stablizing at 18 DEG C under being fixed on front beam；

The management of rich water: weather increases irrigation amount when turning warm, climate comfort, watering in every 5-7 days is primary, top dressing one after the harvesting of door green pepper Secondary, then top dressing is primary when every 2-3 watering, chases after 3-4 times altogether, when top dressing, uses N P and K ternary compound fertilizer；

It arranges plant: being hung with plastic bundling rope or fix plant with bamboo pole level on the outside of furrow ridge, prevent plant from lodging, meanwhile, Small wooden fork under two or three wooden forks is extractd, when door green pepper tailend, is rationally pruned according to dilute close progress and stays branch, in favor of ventilation and penetrating light, Middle and later periods should extract disease leaf, yellow leaf, old leaf in time also to improve ventilation and penetrating light situation.