CN102190883A - 抗冲击改性的聚酰胺模塑复合物以及由该复合物制成的容器 - Google Patents
抗冲击改性的聚酰胺模塑复合物以及由该复合物制成的容器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102190883A CN102190883A CN2011100611800A CN201110061180A CN102190883A CN 102190883 A CN102190883 A CN 102190883A CN 2011100611800 A CN2011100611800 A CN 2011100611800A CN 201110061180 A CN201110061180 A CN 201110061180A CN 102190883 A CN102190883 A CN 102190883A
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- copolyolefine
- molding composite
- acid
- container
- sour modification
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Abstract
本发明涉及抗冲击改性的聚酰胺模塑复合物,该复合物特别适用于生产具有良好的氧阻隔性及低温冲击强度的容器。此外,本发明涉及由所述热塑性聚酰胺模塑复合物生产的容器。具体地,可由本发明所述的聚酰胺模塑复合物生产用于工业化学品、农用化学品、化妆品工业、制药工业或食品工业进行储存或运输的容器。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抗冲击改性的聚酰胺模塑复合物,该复合物特别适合用于生产具有良好的氧阻隔性及低温冲击强度的容器。此外,本发明涉及由热塑性聚酰胺模塑复合物生产的容器。具体地,用于工业化学品、农用化学品、化妆品工业、制药工业或食品工业的储存或运输的容器可由本发明的聚酰胺模塑复合物生产。
背景技术
从现有技术已知适合生产容器的改性的聚酰胺模塑复合物。例如,EP 1 752 492涉及推进剂阻隔性热塑性树脂组合物,该组合物除了聚酰胺、改性的聚烯烃或苯乙烯共聚物外,基本上由聚烯烃组成。
EP 1 942 296公开了一种多层液压管,所述多层液压管具有由聚酰胺610作为主要组分、基于MXDA或PXDA的无定形或微晶的聚酰胺以及抗冲改性剂的共混物制成的层。
然而,聚烯烃或聚酰胺610在这样的树脂组合物中的高含量引起低的氧阻隔性,在聚烯烃的情况下,另外还对所述树脂的缺口冲击强度和Gelbo Flex试验的结果产生不利影响。
发明内容
在这方面,本发明的目的在于提供具有优异的氧阻隔性能和良好的机械性能的聚酰胺组合物。
通过权利要求1有关模塑复合物的特征实现上述目的。此外,本发明提出一种容器,其特征在权利要求10中再现。在权利要求15中指出使用本发明所述容器的可能性。
根据本发明,由此提供一种热塑性聚酰胺模塑复合物,所述复合物包括:
a)71wt%-89wt%的共聚酰胺MXD6/MXDI,相对于作为二酸的间苯二甲酸和己二酸的总量,间苯二甲酸的摩尔比为1mol%-30mol%;
b)11wt%-29wt%的至少一种酸改性的共聚烯烃弹性体或至少一种酸改性的多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物;以及
c)0wt%-8wt%的添加剂;
组分a)-组分c)总计为100wt%。
因此,本发明的聚酰胺模塑复合物基本上由共聚酰胺MXD6/MXDI基质组成,所述基质中,混合有酸改性的共聚烯烃弹性体或多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物。根据本发明,理解为添加剂不含另外的聚合物。
本发明的聚酰胺模塑复合物涉及抗冲击改性的聚酰胺模塑复合物,所述复合物用于生产低温抗冲击、具有优异氧阻隔性的容器。
令人惊奇地是,能表明本发明的聚酰胺模塑复合物具有低的水蒸气渗透性和高的溶剂阻隔性,例如,对N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲亚砜或二甲苯具有高的溶剂阻隔性。
此外,意外地发现,尽管用本身具有差的氧阻隔性的共聚烯烃弹性体进行改性,但是所述阻隔材料基本上保持其阻隔效果不变,此外,还发现由此生产的容器,能经受从1.8m的高度跌落的试验,即还显示了优异的机械稳定性。
具体实施方式
对于聚酰胺模塑复合物的生产,所述改性的共聚烯烃弹性体与共聚酰胺混合以形成干混料。这样的干混料能被挤压以进行进一步的均化以及随后的再加工,或直接进行加工。优选先将所述干混料进行挤压,然后进行加工。
所述酸改性的多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物应理解为组分乙烯-丙烯共聚物、乙烯-1-丁烯共聚物、丙烯-1-丁烯共聚物、聚乙烯和/或聚丙烯的混合物。将所述混合物在熔融态均化,由此还通过接枝进行酸改性,从而相对于所述混合物,所述改性度为0.3wt%-1.5wt%,优选为0.4wt%-1.2wt%,特别优选为0.4wt%-1.0wt%。
如果将所述共聚烯烃弹性体的混合物用作干混料,即,没有在熔融态均化,那么至少将部分该组分酸改性到如下程度:例如,总的干混料的改性度为0.3wt%-1.5wt%,优选为0.4wt%-1.2wt%,特别优选为0.4wt%-1.0wt%。此外,这样的干混料也可能在熔融态均化。
基于氧阻隔性(特别是在高空气湿度的情况下)、Gelbo Flex值和缺口冲击(特别是在低温时),进行聚酰胺模塑复合物的选择。所述的断裂伸长率也可能作为韧性的标准。因此,可使本发明的模塑复合物与最常见的外部条件或预定的要求实现理想的适应或匹配。
在优选的实施方式中,可在所述聚酰胺组合物中添加0.2wt%-4wt%的添加剂。作为进一步的优选,每种添加剂的量最多为3wt%。
优选所述添加剂选自于由下列物质组成的组:无机稳定剂、有机稳定剂、内部润滑剂(internal lubricants)、着色剂和标记材料、无机色素、有机色素、抗静电剂、导电添加剂、炭黑、石墨、碳纳米管、光学增亮剂(optical brighteners)、低分子相容剂、颗粒填充剂特别是纳米级填充剂(诸如具有最大颗粒尺寸为100nm的矿物质或者是改性或未改性的、天然或合成的层状硅酸盐),以及它们的混合物。
在本发明所述的聚酰胺组合物中,可使用稳定剂或抗老化剂,例如,抗氧化剂、抗臭氧剂、光稳定剂、紫外线稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂或紫外线阻挡剂。
优选地,所述的颗粒填充剂选自于由下列物质组成的组:矿物质、滑石、云母、白云石、硅酸盐、石英、二氧化钛、硅灰石、高岭土、硅酸、碳酸镁、氢氧化镁、白垩、磨碎的玻璃、玻璃薄片、磨碎的碳纤维、磨碎的或沉淀的碳酸钙、石灰、长石、硫酸钡、玻璃球、空心玻璃球、空心球硅酸盐填料、合成的层状硅酸盐、天然的层状硅酸盐以及它们的混合物。
可对所述颗粒填充物进行表面处理。这可使用适宜胶料或粘合剂的体系进行。为此目的,可使用基于下列物质的体系:脂肪酸、蜡、硅烷、钛酸盐(酯)、聚酰胺、尿烷、聚羟基醚、环氧化物、镍、或各自的组合或它们的混合物。
在本发明的聚酰胺组合物中,可使用层状硅酸盐,例如高岭土、蛇纹石、滑石、云母、蛭石(vermiculites)、白云母、伊利石、绿土(smectites)、皂石、蒙脱石(montmorillonite)、锂蒙脱石(hectorite)、双氢氧化物(doublehydroxides)或它们的混合物。可以对该层状硅酸盐进行表面处理(改性的),但也可以不进行处理(未改性的)。
在本发明的聚酰胺组合物中,可以使用抗静电剂和/或导电添加剂,例如,炭黑和/或碳纳米管,也称为碳纳米丝。
炭黑能用来例如将所述的聚酰胺组合物着成黑色。
所述的热塑性聚酰胺模塑复合物的优选实施方式具有如下组成:在共聚酰胺MXD6/MXDI中,相对于所述二酸(间苯二甲酸和己二酸)的总量,间苯二甲酸的摩尔比为1mol%-20mol%,优选为2mol%-15mol%,特别优选为2mol%-12mol%。
此外,优选所述的至少一种酸改性的共聚烯烃弹性体或所述的至少一种酸改性的多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物由单体单元组成,所述单体单元选自于由乙烯d)、丙烯e)和1-丁烯f)组成的组,优选以如下摩尔比使用上述单体:
d)乙烯:为65mol%-90mol%、优选为65mol%-87mol%、特别优选为71mol%-84mol%,
e)丙烯:为8mol%-33mol%、优选为10mol%-25mol%、特别优选为12mol%-20mol%,以及
f)1-丁烯:为2mol%-25mol%,优选为3mol%-20mol%,特别优选为4mol%-15mol%,最优选为4mol%-9mol%,
且组分d)至组分f)总计为100mol%。
因此,根据该实施方式,可假设所述共聚烯烃弹性体以指定的优选摩尔比含有所述单体d)至单体f),然而,也可能是多种共聚烯烃弹性体相混合,所述共聚烯烃弹性体分别为包含单体d)至单体f)中的两种单体(即,d)和e)、d)和f)或e)和f)),这样,所述单体d)至单体f)以优选的摩尔比存在于所述混合物中。作为特别优选的情况,所述混合物由单体d)和单体e)的共聚烯烃弹性体及单体d)和单体f)的共聚烯烃弹性体组成,这样所述的单体d)至单体f)以优选的摩尔比存在于所述混合物中。
此外,有利的是,所述的共聚烯烃弹性体的酸改性或多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物的酸改性通过采用不饱和羧酸和/或不饱和羧酸衍生物接枝进行,优选地,所述羧酸衍生物选自于由不饱和羧酸酯和不饱和羧酸酐组成的组,特别是,采用的不饱和羧酸选自于由丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、α-乙基丙烯酸、马来酸、富马酸、衣康酸、柠康酸、乌头酸、四氢酞酸(tetrahydrophthalic acid)和/或丁烯基琥珀酸(butenylsuccinic acid)组成的组,即,有利的是,所述的共聚烯烃弹性体包括对不饱和羧酸和/或不饱和羧酸衍生物在分子上接枝。本领域的技术人员充分了解所述的共聚烯烃弹性体发生接枝的条件。
有利的改性度,即在所述共聚烯烃弹性体或多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物中,不饱和羧酸和/或不饱和羧酸衍生物的重量比,为0.3wt%-1.5wt%,优选为0.4wt%-1.2wt%,特别优选为0.4wt%-1.0wt%。
本发明特别优选的实施方式为:在20℃、0.5wt%的间甲酚溶液中测得的所述共聚酰胺MXD6/MXDI的相对粘度为1.40-1.80,优选为1.46-1.73,特别优选为1.51-1.69,最优选为1.53-1.66。
优选地,所述共聚酰胺MXD6/MXDI具有至多70meq/kg、特别优选为5-50meq/kg、最优选为10-29meq/kg的末端氨基。
优选地,具有5-50meq/kg的末端氨基的共聚酰胺MXD6/MXDI与改性度为0.4wt%-1.2wt%的共聚烯烃弹性体或多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物合并。
特别优选地,具有10-29meq/kg的末端氨基的共聚酰胺MXD6/MXDI与改性度为0.4wt%-1.0wt%的共聚烯烃弹性体或多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物合并。
如果具有以下特点,可实现特别良好的机械性能:
a)在聚酰胺模塑复合物中,所述共聚酰胺的重量比为73wt%-87wt%,优选为75wt%-85wt%,特别优选为77wt%-83wt%;和/或
b)在所述聚酰胺模塑复合物中,所述的至少一种酸改性的共聚烯烃弹性体的重量比,或者,在所述聚酰胺模塑复合物中,所述的至少一种酸改性的多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物的重量比为13wt%-27wt%,优选为15wt%-25wt%,特别优选为17wt%-23wt%。
具体地,本发明的聚酰胺模塑复合物的特点在于:除了所述的共聚物a)和共聚物b)外,不再包含另外的聚合物和/或共聚物。
本发明所述的聚酰胺模塑复合物是不透明的。
在备选实施方式中,本发明所述的聚酰胺模塑复合物由组分a)至组分c)组成,理解为本发明在c)下不含另外的聚合物。
对于本发明的聚酰胺模塑复合物的生产,所述组分a)和组分b),或者可能是组分a)至组分c)在熔融态混合。所述混合在标准的复合机例如单轴或双轴挤出机、或者螺杆捏合机中进行。进而,以干混料的形式将所述组分单独计量进料或供给。
对于干混料的生产,将干燥颗粒和可能的另外的添加剂(补充剂)混合。该混合物通过滚筒搅拌机、偏心轮混合机或滚筒甩干机均化10-40分钟。为了避免吸潮,上述过程可在干燥的保护气体下进行。
在设置的筒体温度220℃-300℃和设置的进料区温度为70℃-120℃下进行所述复合。可在喷嘴前施予真空或常压脱气。所述的熔融物以挤出的形式排出,在10℃-80℃的水浴中冷却,随后造粒。所述颗粒在氮气或真空中、于80-120℃干燥12-24小时,以使水含量低于0.1wt%、优选低于0.05wt%。
根据本发明,还提供了不透明的多层容器,其中,至少一层由如上所述的本发明的模塑复合物生产。该层可能涉及中间层或内层。在所述容器中,也可包含多层的聚酰胺模塑复合物层。优选地,所述的聚酰胺模塑复合物层形成容器的最内层,即,直接划定所述容器内部界限的层。因此,所述内层直接与装填物接触。因此,该容器的优选类型例如是储存器皿、桶、罐、瓶或管等。优选地,涉及刚硬的容器。对所述容器的几何尺寸没有限制,因此,根据本发明,术语“容器”中包括例如罐、槽或类似的密封器皿,而且还有管。
所述容器优选具有3-7层。
优选地,所述容器至少有一层是由聚烯烃制成的层。
在本文中,术语“聚烯烃”除了指均聚多烯烃外,还包括由烯烃与下列物质制成的共聚烯烃、接枝聚烯烃、接枝共聚烯烃、离聚物和共聚物:丙烯酸、丙烯酸衍生物(如甲基丙烯酸、丙烯腈、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯等)、醋酸乙烯酯、马来酸酐、另外的烯烃和/或苯乙烯制备的。
因此,所述容器的至少一层由本发明所述的模塑复合物生产,该层的优选层厚为15-800μm、优选为20-500μm、特别优选25-250μm、最特别优选为30-150μm。
采用本发明的模塑复合物来生产所述容器的至少一层,由此意外地使所述容器兼具良好的机械性能和优异的氧阻隔性。
所述容器的壁厚,即形成所述容器的所有层的总厚度优选为500μm-10mm、优选600μm-6mm、特别优选700μm-3mm。
对本发明容器的容量没有特别优选的限制。然而,实现上述有利效果的具体容量为0.5-220升、优选为0.5-80升、进一步优选为0.75-20升、特别优选为1-5升。
对于容量为1-5升的容器,所述壁厚优选为700μm-2.5mm、特别优选为900μm-1.8mm。在这些容器中,由本发明的模塑复合物生产的至少一层的层厚优选为25μm-250μm、特别优选为35μm-120μm。
在容量为80-220升的容器的情况下,所述壁厚优选为2.5mm-10mm、特别优选为2.5mm-6mm。在这些容器中,由本发明的模塑复合物生产的至少一层的层厚优选为80μm-800μm、特别优选为80μm-400μm。
在容器高度一半处的切断处,事实上是在彼此呈90°的距离的四个位置上测量壁厚(即形成所述容器的所有层的总厚度)以及由本发明的模塑复合物生产的至少一层的层厚。对于正方体的容器,上述四个位置优选位于侧面的中央。在这些位置能直接确定壁厚或通过切片机切片确定壁厚。通过切片机切片来确定由本发明的模塑复合物生产的至少一层的层厚。在三个容器上进行所述测量。所表示的值为12个测量值的算术平均值。
容器的层结构的实例:
3-层容器:
PO/HV/PA
PO+再造粒粒料(regranulate)/HV/PA
4-层容器:
PO/再造粒粒料/HV/PA
PO/PO+再造粒粒料/HV/PA
5-层容器:
PO/再造粒粒料/PO/HV/PA
PO/HV/PA/HV/PO
6-层容器:
PO/再造粒粒料/HV/PA/HV/PO
PO/再造粒粒料/HV/PA/HV/PO
7-层容器:
PO/HV/PA/HV/PO/HV/PA
PO/PO+再造粒粒料/HV/PA/HV/PO+再造粒粒料/PO
PO/再造粒粒料/HV/PA/HV/再造粒粒料/PO
PO聚烯烃
HV粘合剂
PA本发明的聚酰胺模塑复合物
在聚烯烃层和聚酰胺层之间,优选总是使用粘结层。可商购的粘合剂或粘合剂浓缩液用作粘合剂。对于容量不高于20升的容器,所述的粘合剂也可混入所述聚烯烃层,粘合剂在该层中的比例为10wt%-50wt%、优选为15wt%-25wt%。
位于外部或嵌入内部的每一聚烯烃层可包含再造粒粒料,含量实际上不高于70wt%,优选不高于50wt%,特别优选不高于40wt%。因此,应该将再造粒粒料理解为在容器生产过程中产生的材料残余物,例如原材料、剔除的容器或不合格的容器,在添加前将它们粉碎。所述的再造粒粒料还可用作隔离层。
本发明的容器的特点在于极高的机械稳定性,参考试验可以阐明该点。将乙二醇-水的混合物(体积比1∶2)装满本发明的容器,在-20℃储存24-48小时。然而,将装满上述溶剂混合物并回火的本发明的容器从1.8m、优选2.0m、特别优选2.2m的高度跌落,令人惊奇的是,所述容器并未被破坏。
具体地,本发明的容器的应用目的是为了生产用于以下产品的容器:农用化学品(如除草剂、杀虫剂、杀菌剂、肥料)、工业化学品、工业前体和中间体产品、化妆品前体产品或成品(如溶剂、芳香溶液、睫毛膏、指甲油)、药物前体产品或成品和/或用于食品工业的前体产品(如调味料、添加剂)。
在农用化学品的情况下,感兴趣的是用于终端消费者的容器。在工业化学品的情况下,感兴趣的是终端使用者和企业-企业的范围。在其他用途的情况下,容器用于企业-企业的范围。
本发明的聚酰胺模塑复合物优选的用途是通过挤出吹塑-模塑或注射拉伸吹塑-模塑生产体积为0.5-220升的容器(EBM容器或ISBM容器)。所述聚酰胺模塑复合物层由此可用作中间层或内层。还可包含多个聚酰胺模塑复合物层。
通过挤出吹塑-模塑或注射拉伸吹塑-模塑生产体积为0.5-20升的容器。较大的容器优选通过挤出吹塑-模塑制造。
本发明的聚酰胺模塑复合物形成平膜(flat film)的加工性及所述平膜的性质与该复合物的应用紧密相关,因为根据所述容器的尺寸,容器中由本发明的聚酰胺模塑复合物制成的至少一层仅可实现膜厚。
参考如下的实施例,进一步说明与本发明的模塑复合物有关的有利性能,并不希望将本发明限制于此。在表2-6中使用的所述复合物在随后的表1中列出。
本发明的实施例1、2和4所述的聚酰胺模塑复合物的水蒸气渗透性(在23℃和85%的相对湿度下,在50μm厚的平膜上测得)为:
实施例1 6.5g/m2d
实施例2 6.4g/m2d
实施例4 6.7g/m2d
采用如下的测量说明来测试所述的聚酰胺模塑复合物。
相对粘度
ISO 307
0.5wt%的间甲酚溶液
或处于96%硫酸中的1.0wt%的PA6溶液
温度20℃
相对粘度(RV)的计算根据RV=t/t0遵从标准的第11部分熔点
ISO标准11357-1/-2
颗粒
加热速率为20K/min实施的差示扫描量热法(DCS)
在最大峰值处的温度表示熔点。
末端氨基的测定
对于末端氨基的测定,将所述的聚酰胺热溶解在间甲酚中,并与异丙醇混合。通过高氯酸电位滴定法测量所述末端氨基的含量。
拉伸弹性模量(Modulus of elasticity in tension)
ISO 527、拉伸速度为:1mm/min
ISO拉伸杆,标准:ISO/CD 3167,型号A1,170x20/10x4mm,
温度为23℃
断裂伸长率
ISO 527,拉伸速度为50mm/min
ISO试验杆、标准:ISO/CD 3167,型号A1,170x20/10x4mm,
温度为23℃
沙尔皮(Charpy)冲击强度
ISO 179/*eU
ISO试验杆,标准:ISO/CD 3167,型号B1、80x10x4mm,温度为23℃或-30℃
*1=非仪器的(non-instrumented)、2=仪器的(instrumented)沙尔皮缺口冲击强度:
ISO 179/*eA
ISO试验杆,标准:ISO/CD 3167,型号B1,80x10x4mm,温度为23℃或-30℃
*1=非仪器的,2=仪器的
氧阻隔性的测定
ASTM D 3985-5
平膜,厚度50μm
温度和相对湿度对应于表中的数据
测量设备为Mocon公司生产的Mocon OX-Tran 2/20。测量设备的校准采用Mocon公司的0.95密耳(24.13μm)厚的聚酯校准膜“Juliett”进行。通过载气法进行所述测量。
水蒸气渗透性的测定
DIN 53122-1
平膜,厚度为50μm、直径约为90cm
测试条件:23℃、85%的相对空气湿度
通过螺口式夹环,使用样品将铝盘密封,并插入干燥器中,所述铝盘装有约150g硅胶作为吸收剂。通过每24小时称量所述盘增加的质量,确定渗过样品表面的测试表面并被吸收剂吸收的水蒸气体积。追踪所述质量增加达28天。
Gelbo Flex试验
ASTM F 392
平膜,DIN A4、厚度为50μm
冲程为155mm
旋转角度为440°
速度为45个循环/min
温度为23℃
采用IDM设备公司的Gelbo Flex测试仪、型号为G0002的测量设备。进行900个循环后进行所述测量。为了对膜上产生的小孔进行计数,将扭曲过的膜放在滤纸上,并且通过穿孔板上的框架,将两者固定。所述穿孔板经过水喷射真空,随后采用海绵或油漆刷将墨水分布在膜上。所述孔在滤纸上作为着色的标记变得可见,然后可进行计数。孔的数目以每m2上的孔的数目表示。表中显示的数据代表5次测量结果的算术平均值。
跌落试验
ADR/RDI 20096.1节
3-层瓶:从外到内具有的层厚为1350/40/65μm、体积为1升填装物为水/乙二醇2/1
温度-20℃
将所述瓶(每个跌落高度采用10个瓶进行试验)在-18℃储存24-48小时,在移出后立即测试。为了经受所述跌落高度,所有10个瓶必须在测试后仍不渗透。
对溶剂阻隔性的测定
3-层瓶从外到内的层厚为1350/40/65μm、体积为1升填装物为N-甲基吡咯烷酮
温度40℃
储存时间60天
在通风良好的室内,于循环空气干燥橱中进行储存。分别测试5个瓶。测量在30天、40天、50天和60天后的重量减少。
通过在Arburg公司生产的、型号为Allrounder 420C 1000-250的注射模塑机中,生产用于拉伸和冲击试验的试验片。使用温度从265℃升高到285℃的筒体。模塑温度为80℃。测试体在干燥状态下使用,为此,在注射模塑后将它们在干燥环境中(即,在硅胶上)、在室温下储存至少48小时。
在具有3-区螺杆(3-zone screw)(直径为30mm)的Collin平膜单元上,于240-260℃的筒体温度、前端和喷嘴的温度分别为260℃,进行平膜的生产(厚50μm)。所述冷却辊的温度是15℃,工具宽度(tool width)为300mm、工具翼隙出口块(tool exit gap mass)宽度为0.7mm。50μm厚的平膜是半透明的。
在具有3台挤出机的Bekum双工段吹塑单元上进行3-层瓶的生产。对用于本发明的聚酰胺模塑复合物的挤出机,筒体温度设定为245/255/255℃、喷嘴温度设定为245℃。对冲击强度改性的PA6的加工中,筒体温度为245/245/245℃,喷嘴温度使用235℃。在与材料制备厂家推荐规范一致的条件下操作其他挤出机。模塑温度是20℃。瓶重为105g。
所述瓶的层结构:
外层/HV/内层
具有如下的层厚:1350/40/65μm。
作为外层,使用HDPE(65wt%)和再造粒粒料(35wt%)的混合物或仅使用HDPE(100wt%)。
作为内层,使用本发明实施例2的聚酰胺模塑复合物,即一种冲击强度改性的聚酰胺6或EVOH。
HDPE:Sabic公司的型号为HDPE B5823
(在190℃和21.6kg,熔体流动指数(MFI)为23)
HV:Mitsui公司的型号为Admer NF 408E
(在190℃和21.6kg,MFI为1.6)
PA6:冲击强度改性的
80wt%的PA6(RV 2.75,在硫酸中)
20wt%的Tafmer MC 201
(在23℃的氧渗透性:
50%rF 50ccm/m2d bar
85%rF 80ccm/m2d bar
在23℃水蒸气的渗透性,85%rF:
13g/m2 d)
EVOH:来自Kuraray的型号为EVAL F 101B
(32mol%的PE,在190℃和2.16kg,MFI为1.6)
聚酰胺组合物的生产实施例
下文,参考实施例2所述的模塑复合物来说明本发明PA模塑复合物的生产,类似地得到另外的实施例和比较例。
所述的模塑复合物在Werner & Pfleiderer公司的型号为ZSK 25的双螺杆挤出机上生产。对于干混料的生产,是将干燥颗粒(共聚酰胺和共聚烯烃)混合。所述混合物通过滚筒搅拌机均化30分钟。通过天平计量所述干混料后进料。
将所述第一筒体的温度设为100℃,剩余筒体的温度从230℃升到300℃。使用的转速为300rpm,生产量为15kg/h,并常压脱气。在水浴中冷却线材(strands)、切割并将所得颗粒在120℃干燥24小时直至水含量低于0.1wt%。
表2和表3示出本发明的实施例,根据表3,组分b)由两种烯烃共聚物混合而成。
表4-6包括比较例。表4示出具有过低或过高比例的组分b)的比较例。根据最初引用的现有技术得到表5和表6。
表7汇总了跌落试验的结果和溶剂阻隔性的测定结果。
实施例1-11涉及采用本发明的聚酰胺模塑复合物的实施例,所述模塑复合物包括共聚酰胺MXD6/MXDI和酸改性的共聚烯烃弹性体(表2)或酸改性的多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物(表3)。它们显示较低的氧渗透性,同时对在Gelbo Flex试验中小孔的形成具有较低的敏感性。另外,缺口冲击强度较高。
比较例12和比较例13示出PA MXD6/MXDI中10wt%的酸改性的共聚烯烃弹性体(B1)仍不足,这是因为由此生产的膜在Gelbo Flex试验中被破坏。此外,仅获得较低的缺口冲击强度。另一方面,PA MXD6/MXDI中30wt%的酸改性的共聚烯烃弹性体(B1)过多(比较例14),这是因为该模塑复合物具有过多的凝胶颗粒以至于不再能生产膜。
表5和表6(对比实施例15-19)示出使用本发明之外的聚酰胺模塑复合物得到的另外的结果。表5的聚酰胺模塑复合物是根据EP 1 752 492A1生产的,表6的复合物是根据EP 1 942 296 A1生产的。
根据EP 1 752 492 A1,在比较例15和比较例16中生产的所述模塑复合物具有过多的凝胶颗粒以至于不能再生产膜(比较例15)、或它们具有过高的氧渗透性和过小的韧性(比较例16)。
根据EP 1 942 296 A1,在比较例17-19中产生的模塑复合物均具有过高的氧渗透性。
在表7中,采用装满且冷却的3-层瓶重现了跌落试验的结果。具有由本发明实施例2的模塑复合物制成内层的瓶经受住从2.20m的高度跌落,由此显示出所有测试瓶的最佳结果。
实际中,将抗冲击改性的聚酰胺6作为内层的瓶经受住从1.8m的高度跌落,但相比于本发明的模塑复合物,抗冲击改性的聚酰胺6具有实质上更高的氧渗透性。
此外,相比于采用本发明实施例2的模塑复合物作为内层的瓶,实际中将抗冲击改性的聚酰胺6作为内层的瓶显示出对N-甲基吡咯烷酮较差的阻隔性。
EVOH是目前的阻隔材料,也用于瓶。将EVOH作为内层的瓶仅实现跌落高度为1.40m,或将EVOH作为外层的瓶仅实现跌落高度小于1.0m。
表2
表3
表4
*过多凝胶颗粒,因而不能生产膜
**膜被撕裂
表5
*过多的凝胶颗粒,因而不能生产膜
表6
表7
在装满和冷却的3层瓶上进行跌落试验,
中间层分别由AdmerNF 408E制备
对N-甲基吡咯烷酮的阻隔性
Claims (15)
1.一种热塑性聚酰胺模塑复合物,所述复合物包括:
a)71wt%-89wt%的共聚酰胺MXD6/MXDI,相对于作为二酸的间苯二甲酸和己二酸的总量,间苯二甲酸的摩尔比为1mol%-30mol%;
b)11wt%-29wt%的至少一种酸改性的共聚烯烃弹性体或至少一种酸改性的多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物;
c)0wt%-8wt%的添加剂;
组分a)至组分c)总计为100%。
2.如权利要求1所述的模塑复合物,其特征在于,在共聚酰胺MXD6/MXDI中,相对于作为二酸的间苯二甲酸和己二酸的总量,间苯二甲酸的摩尔比为1mol%-20mol%,优选为2mol%-15mol%,特别优选为2mol%-12mol%。
3.如权利要求1所述的模塑复合物,其特征在于,所述的共聚酰胺MXD6/MXDI具有至多70meq/kg、优选5-50meq/kg、特别优选10-29meq/kg的末端氨基。
4.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的模塑复合物,其特征在于,所述的至少一种酸改性的共聚烯烃弹性体或所述的至少一种酸改性的多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物由选自于由乙烯、丙烯和1-丁烯组成的组的单体单元构成,优选以如下摩尔比使用上述单体:
d)乙烯:为65mol%-90mol%、优选为65mol%-87mol%、特别优选为71mol%-84mol%,
e)丙烯:为8mol%-33mol%、优选为10mol%-25mol%、特别优选为12mol%-20mol%,以及
f)1-丁烯:为2mol%-25mol%、优选为3mol%-20mol%、特别优选为4mol%-15mol%、最优选为4mol%-9mol%,
且组分d)至组分f)总计为100mol%。
5.如前述权利要求任一项所述的模塑复合物,其特征在于,相对于所述酸改性的共聚烯烃弹性体或所述酸改性的多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物,所述酸改性的共聚烯烃弹性体或所述的至少一种酸改性的多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物的改性度为0.3wt%-1.5wt%,优选为0.4wt%-1.2wt%,特别优选为0.4wt%-1.0wt%。
6.如前述权利要求任一项所述的模塑复合物,其特征在于,所述的共聚烯烃弹性体的酸改性或多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物的酸改性通过采用不饱和羧酸和/或不饱和羧酸衍生物接枝进行,优选地,所述羧酸衍生物选自于由不饱和羧酸酯和不饱和羧酸酐组成的组,特别是,采用的不饱和羧酸选自于由丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、α-乙基丙烯酸、马来酸、富马酸、衣康酸、柠康酸、乌头酸、四氢酞酸和/或丁烯基琥珀酸组成的组。
7.如前述权利要求任一项所述的模塑复合物,其特征在于,在20℃、0.5wt%的间甲酚溶液中测得的所述共聚酰胺MXD6/MXDI的相对粘度为1.40-1.80,优选为1.46-1.73,特别优选为1.51-1.69,最优选为1.53-1.66。
8.如前述权利要求任一项所述的模塑复合物,其特征在于,相对于所述模塑复合物,
a)所述共聚酰胺的重量比为73wt%-87wt%,优选为75wt%-85wt%,特别优选为77wt%-83wt%,以及
b)所述的至少一种酸改性的共聚烯烃弹性体或者所述的至少一种酸改性的多种共聚烯烃弹性体共混物的重量比为13wt%-27wt%,优选为15wt%-25wt%,特别优选为17wt%-23wt%。
9.如前述权利要求任一项所述的模塑复合物,其特征在于,除了共聚物a)和共聚物b),不包含另外的聚合物和/或共聚物,由此,所述模塑复合物由组分a)至组分c)组成。
10.一种多层容器,所述容器包括由前述权利要求任一项所述的模塑复合物生产的至少一层。
11.如前项权利要求所述的容器,其特征在于,至少最内层由所述模塑复合物生产。
12.如前两项权利要求中任一项所述的容器,其特征在于,由所述模塑复合物生产的至少一层具有15-800μm、优选为20-500μm、更优选为25-250μm、最特别优选为30-150μm的层厚。
13.如权利要求10-12任一项所述的容器,其特征在于,所有层的总厚度为500μm-10mm、优选600μm-6mm、特别优选700μm-3mm。
14.如权利要求10-13任一项所述的容器,其特征在于,装满体积比为1∶2的乙二醇-水的混合物的容器在-20℃储存24-48小时后,从1.8m、优选2.0m、特别优选2.2m的高度跌落而未被破坏。
15.如权利要求10-14任一项所述的容器在如下产品中的用途:农用化学品,如除草剂、杀虫剂、杀菌剂、肥料;工业化学品;工业前体产品和中间产品;化妆品前体产品或成品,如溶剂、芳香溶液、睫毛膏、指甲油;药物前体产品或成品;和/或食品工业的前体产品。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ES2429814T3 (es) | 2013-11-18 |
US8404323B2 (en) | 2013-03-26 |
EP2365033A1 (de) | 2011-09-14 |
PL2365033T3 (pl) | 2013-12-31 |
EP2365033B1 (de) | 2013-07-10 |
CN102190883B (zh) | 2014-09-24 |
AU2011201064A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
US20110220667A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
TW201206693A (en) | 2012-02-16 |
BRPI1100953A2 (pt) | 2012-08-07 |
TWI458626B (zh) | 2014-11-01 |
AU2011201064B2 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
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