CN1021826C - 从植物原料中提取卡哈苡苷的方法 - Google Patents

从植物原料中提取卡哈苡苷的方法 Download PDF

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CN1021826C
CN1021826C CN88104468A CN88104468A CN1021826C CN 1021826 C CN1021826 C CN 1021826C CN 88104468 A CN88104468 A CN 88104468A CN 88104468 A CN88104468 A CN 88104468A CN 1021826 C CN1021826 C CN 1021826C
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exchange resin
extract
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罗格H·吉奥弗尼托
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ROGER H GLOVANETTO
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
    • C07H15/20—Carbocyclic rings
    • C07H15/24—Condensed ring systems having three or more rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea

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Abstract

从干燥甜叶菊(蛇菊，甜菊)植物原料中提取出卡哈苡苷并加以提纯的方法，其特征是在初始提出的方法中通过在水中于室温至65℃下进行处理，同埋进行搅拌，随后进行过滤或离心分离即可获得提取物，该提取物再用Ca(OH)2处理。然后经过过滤和离心分离而得淀积物，用强酸性离子交换树脂处理后再用弱碱性离子变换树脂处理，最后进行过滤和干燥。

Description

本发明涉及从干燥甜叶菊（蛇菊，甜菊）植物原料中提取出卡哈苡苷并加以提纯的方法，其中化学处理分出不希望存在的杂质，并用阴离子和阳离子交换树脂进行提纯。
卡哈苡苷用作有效的合成增甜剂并可加入低热值食物中或用作天然糖的代用品。合成增甜剂适用于糖尿病人并用以降低食品的热值，特别是适用于低热值饮食。这些增甜剂比天然糖要甜许多倍，而达到等值增甜效果，其用量少。众多的增甜剂为合成精品，如邻磺酰苯甲酰亚胺，环己基氨基磺酸酯和糖精。其中有些是禁止使用的或对用途加以限制，因为药理分析表明，这些制品可能致癌。而与此相反，卡哈苡苷则完全可用并且在临床试验中没有产生不良作用。
可用的萃取和提纯卡哈苡苷的方法几乎无一例外地要采用有机溶剂，如甲醇，乙醇或乙醚，并且许多方法要求先用树脂吸收卡哈苡苷，然后用有机溶剂洗脱，从该法中收集起来的浓缩溶液一般要用甲醇或乙醇进行处理以使混合物最终得以结晶。其它方法则用铁或铝盐分出杂质。这两种制剂均需用氢氧化钠进一步处理以分出其余铁或铝盐。
本发明提出简化方法，特别是可降低费用并可达到更好的结果。本发明方法中，唯一的一次化学加料是将氢氧化钙加入初始物料中，因此而分出不希望存在的杂质和颜料。所有其它工艺操作方法都说明 是用水作溶剂，并且通过蒸发水并干燥而得的产品为纯度高，味道好，色泽无可指摘并且以原料计的总收率高的卡哈苡苷。本发明在于，在初始提出的方法中通过在水中于室温至约65℃下进行处理。同时进行搅拌，随后进行过滤或离心分离即可获得提取物，该提取物再用Ca（OH）2处理，然后经过过滤或离心分离而得淀积物，用强酸性离子交换树脂处理后再用弱碱性离子交换树脂处理，最后进行过滤和干燥。酸性离子交换树脂可用商名为Dowex 50W，Rohm and Haas IRA 120或等效的离子交换树脂。碱性离子交换树脂则可用商名为Dowex WGR，Dowex MWA-1，Rohm and Haas IR4B或Rohm and Haas IRA93或等效的树脂。溶液通过精密过滤系统，并蒸发样品以测定纯度和质量。采用该法重复多次，一般为3次，包括应用强酸性离子交换树脂和弱碱性离子交换树脂。可得到相当于终产品所希望的纯度和质量。溶液浓缩后过滤。将滤液干燥后得到白色粉，其中含约75%卡哈苡苷化合物。
根据本发明，提取物用氢氧化钙，碳酸钙或其它碱性钙盐处理以形成淀积物。另一替换方案是用碱性镁或铝盐处理提取物以形成淀积物。有利的是，提取期间将碱性盐搅拌加入水中，
最后，按照本发明，在用强酸性离子交换树脂和弱碱性离子交换树脂处理后，将所得滤液再用强酸性离子交换树脂处理后用强碱性离子交换树脂处理并将溶液浓缩，过滤和干燥。
用以下实施例详述本发明。
实施例1：
用1公斤植物原料于室温至65℃通过加水提取而得到含卡哈苡苷的原料。该提取物不进行浓缩就用氢氧化钙处理而分出一定量不希望存在的植物组分，并将全部物料用精密过滤系统进行过滤。结果得到清澈溶液，其中含279g卡哈苡苷粗产物。该清澈溶液然后用强酸性离子交换树脂，如Dowex    50W处理并将所得洗脱液用弱碱性离子交换树脂，如Dowex    WGR等进行处理。这样处理所得洗脱液用精密过滤系统进行过滤，然后再进行以下步骤。相继用强酸性树脂和弱碱性树脂重复进行处理，直到获得满意的产品为止，其中可进行1-5次处理。在最后一次离子交换树脂进行处理结束时进行洗脱和过滤后，将所得洗脱液浓缩并用精密过滤系统进行过滤。滤液干燥后得到含107g约75%纯卡哈苡苷的提纯产品。
实施例2
基本上对应于实施例1，但其中是将相继用强酸性树脂和弱碱性树脂处理并过滤后的洗脱液进行浓缩。浓缩物再一次用相应的强酸性树脂处理后用强碱性树脂，如Dowex    2-X或Rohm    and    Haas    IRA410等进行处理，处理后进行浓缩并将浓缩物用精密过滤系统进行过滤。干燥后得到最终产物，为102g提纯产品，其中含约75%纯卡哈苡苷，但在味道鉴定时不那么苦。

Claims (6)

1、从干燥甜叶菊植物原料中提取出卡哈茨苷并加以提纯的方法，其中通过在水中于室温到约65℃的温度进行处理，同时进行搅拌，随后进行过滤或离心分离而得提取物，并且用氢氧化钙处理该提取物，然后再经过过滤或离心分离而得淀积物并且用离子交换树脂处理滤液，最后将所得溶液浓缩，过滤和干燥，其特征是滤液先用强酸性离子交换树脂，后用弱碱性离子交换树脂处理，并且该处理顺序重复多次，优选重复3次。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是提取物用氢氧化钙，碳酸钙或其它碱性盐处理而形成淀积物。
3、根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是提取物用碱性镁或铝盐进行处理而形成淀积物。
4、根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征是碱性盐于提取期间搅拌加入水中。
5、根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是用强酸性离子交换树脂和弱碱性离子交换树脂处理后所得的滤液再用强酸性离子交换树脂处理后用强碱性离子交换树脂进行处理，并将所得中间产物浓缩，过滤和干燥。
6、根据权利要求1-5之一所述的方法，其特征是从粗提取物中得到的滤液再用离子交换树脂间歇进行处理。
CN88104468A 1987-07-21 1988-07-21 从植物原料中提取卡哈苡苷的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1021826C (zh)

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EP87110541A EP0302948B1 (de) 1987-07-21 1987-07-21 Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Steviosiden aus pflanzlichem Rohmaterial
EP87110541.7 1987-07-21

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AU1921988A (en) 1989-01-27
JPH01131191A (ja) 1989-05-24
SU1834646A3 (ru) 1993-08-15
IN171592B (zh) 1992-11-21
DK406188A (da) 1989-01-22
DE3788351D1 (de) 1994-01-13
EP0302948B1 (de) 1993-12-01
ES2046979T3 (es) 1994-02-16
NO173913B (no) 1993-11-15
CA1310963C (en) 1992-12-01
NO883234L (zh) 1989-02-13
IE63706B1 (en) 1995-05-31
AU609154B2 (en) 1991-04-26
CN1030762A (zh) 1989-02-01
NO173913C (no) 1994-02-23
NZ225471A (en) 1991-02-26
EP0302948A3 (en) 1989-03-22
DD273442A5 (de) 1989-11-15
ATE97910T1 (de) 1993-12-15
IE882213L (en) 1989-01-21
ZA885176B (en) 1989-04-26
US4892938A (en) 1990-01-09
DK406188D0 (da) 1988-07-20
EP0302948A2 (de) 1989-02-15

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