CN101490048A - 制备3(r)-(2-羟基-2,2-二噻吩-2-基乙酰氧基)-1-(3-苯氧基丙基)-1-氮鎓二环[2.2.2]辛烷溴化物的方法 - Google Patents

制备3(r)-(2-羟基-2,2-二噻吩-2-基乙酰氧基)-1-(3-苯氧基丙基)-1-氮鎓二环[2.2.2]辛烷溴化物的方法 Download PDF

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CN101490048A
CN101490048A CNA2007800274230A CN200780027423A CN101490048A CN 101490048 A CN101490048 A CN 101490048A CN A2007800274230 A CNA2007800274230 A CN A2007800274230A CN 200780027423 A CN200780027423 A CN 200780027423A CN 101490048 A CN101490048 A CN 101490048A
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thiophene
hydroxyl
azabicyclic
guanidine
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CN101490048B (zh
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努里亚·布斯克茨巴克
弗朗西斯卡·帕胡埃洛洛伦索
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/439—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom the ring forming part of a bridged ring system, e.g. quinuclidine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D453/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinuclidine or iso-quinuclidine ring systems, e.g. quinine alkaloids
    • C07D453/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinuclidine or iso-quinuclidine ring systems, e.g. quinine alkaloids containing not further condensed quinuclidine ring systems

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种制备方法，在沸点介于50℃至210℃之间，且含有酮及环醚组分的溶剂或溶剂混合物中，将2－羟基－2，2－二噻吩－2－基乙酸1－氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛－3(R)基酯与3－苯氧基丙基溴化物进行的季铵化反应制备3(R)－(2－羟基－2，2－二噻吩－2－基乙酰氧基)－1－(3－苯氧基丙基)－1－氮鎓二环[2.2.2]辛烷溴化物。

Description

制备3(R)-(2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酰氧基)-1-(3-苯氧基丙基)-1-氮鎓二环[2.2.2]辛烷溴化物的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备3(R)-(2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酰氧基)-1-(3-苯氧基丙基)-1-氮鎓二环[2.2.2]辛烷的方法。
背景技术
WO 01/04118 A2之中描述了所述化合物及其制备方法。
发明内容
本发明人如今已出乎意料地发现，通过选择适当的反应条件，WO01/04118 A2中所述的方法可经最优化以减少反应时间以及所使用溶剂和烷基化反应物的量，同时增加生产率且保持杂质含量。
为了达到上述目的，可通过在具有介于50℃至210℃之间的沸点且选自由酮及环醚组成的群的溶剂或溶剂混合物中使2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯与3-苯氧基丙基溴化物之间发生季铵化反应。在本发明一优选实施例中使用一种单一溶剂。
以下为一些可用作实施本发明的溶剂的酮或环醚的实例：丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮、苯基甲基酮、环戊酮、二恶烷、四氢呋喃、乙基四氢呋喃。优选的溶剂选自由丙酮、二恶烷或四氢呋喃组成的群。首选的溶剂为四氢呋喃。
尤其是，优选使用当量比介于1.0至3.0、较佳的是介于1.1至1.5之间、最佳的是介于1.2至1.3之间的范围内的3-苯氧基丙基溴化物与2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯为有利的。
在另一较佳实施例中，所述2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯悬浮(或溶解)于包含每摩尔2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯介于1.7升至7升溶剂之间的体积的溶剂或溶剂混合物中。较佳的是，该酯可悬浮(或溶解)于包含每摩尔酯介于1升与7升之间、更佳介于2升与4升之间的体积的溶剂中。
在这些条件下，已证明使混合物反应不超过24小时、较佳不长于12小时、更佳不长于9小时，且最佳至多6小时的时段是适当的。
当将2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯悬浮于每摩尔2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯2升至4升的四氢呋喃中，在惰性气氛下，将1.2当量至1.3当量的3-苯氧基丙基溴化物添加至所得悬浮液中，将混合物于惰性气氛中在回流下搅拌不超过9小时、较佳地不超过6小时，这个过程可以得到良好的结果。
用以下各实例来说明根据本发明制备混合物的方法，但并非想要限制本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
比较性实施例1(根据WO 01/04118)
将0.6毫摩尔的2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯悬浮于4毫升CH3CN及6毫升CHCl3中。将0.48毫升3-苯氧基丙基溴化物添加至所得悬浮液中，再将该混合物在室温下于惰性气氛中搅拌72小时。随后蒸发溶剂得到(90％)的3(R)-(2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酰氧基)-1-(3-苯氧基丙基)-1-氮鎓二环[2.2.2]辛烷溴化物。通过在室温下过滤来分离产物并测定3-苯氧基丙基溴化物的含量为117ppm。
实施例2至8
将B列中所指示的摩尔数的2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯悬浮于一定量(E列)在D列中所指示的溶剂中。然后，将由B列乘以C列所得量的3-苯氧基丙基溴化物添加至所得悬浮液中且将该混合物于惰性气氛中在回流下搅拌6小时。随后蒸发溶剂得到3(R)-(2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酰氧基)-1-(3-苯氧基丙基)-1-氮鎓二环[2.2.2]辛烷溴化物。通过在室温下过滤分离出产物，并且测定生产率以及3-苯氧基丙基溴化物的含量并分别表示在F列及G列中。
下表概述比较性实施例1及本发明实施例2至8的结果。
表I
 
A B C D E F G
实施例 2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯的用量(毫摩尔)         3-苯氧基丙基溴化物与2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯的(当量)比   溶剂 溶剂用量(升/摩尔) 生产率(％) 3-苯氧基丙基溴化物含量(ppm)
1* 0.6 5.0 CH3CN/CHCl3 16.7 90 117
2 71.53 1.25 四氢呋喃 2.1 95.0 148
3 71.53 1.10 四氢呋喃 2.1 92.4 60
4 71.53 1.10 丙酮 2.1 95.3 152
5 71.53 1.25 丙酮 2.1 98.7 173
6 71.53 1.25 丙酮 7.0 93.7 60
7 14.31 1.50 甲基乙基酮 2.1 96.9 304
8 14.31 1.50 甲基异丁基酮 3.5 94.7 410
9 42.92 1.25 二恶烷 2.1 98.2 31
10 71.53 1.25 甲基四氢呋喃 2.1 96.7 212
11 42.92 1.25 苯乙酮 2.1 98.5 53
12 42.92 1.25 环戊酮 2.1 94.4 167
*比较性实例1的反应是由在室温下搅拌72小时来进行。
如表I的结果所示，本发明的方法缩短了反应时间，减少3-苯氧基丙基溴化物的使用量，提高了产率，且将有遗传毒性的3-苯氧基丙基溴化物杂质的含量控制在低于500ppm的可接受范围内。

Claims (12)

1.一种通过将2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯与3-苯氧基丙基溴化物发生反应来制备3(R)-(2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酰氧基)-1-(3-苯氧基丙基)-1-氮鎓二环[2.2.2]辛烷溴化物的方法，其特征在于，所述反应发生在具有介于50℃至210℃之间的沸点且选自由酮及环醚组成的群的溶剂或溶剂混合物中。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，3-苯氧基丙基溴化物与2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯的当量比在1.0至3.0的范围内。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述当量比在1.1至1.5的范围内。
4.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述当量比在1.2至1.3的范围内。
5.如上述任一条权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯是悬浮或溶解于包含每摩尔2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯介于1.7升至7升溶剂之间的体积的溶剂或溶剂混合物中。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述溶剂体积包含每摩尔2-羟基-2，2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸1-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛-3(R)基酯介于2升至4升之间。
7.如上述任一条权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述溶剂是选自由丙酮、二恶烷及四氢呋喃组成的群。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述溶剂为四氢呋喃。
9.如上述任一条权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述混合物允许反应的时段不超过24小时。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时段至多为12小时。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时段至多为9小时。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时段至多为6小时。
CN2007800274230A 2006-07-21 2007-07-16 制备3(r)-(2-羟基-2,2-二噻吩-2-基乙酰氧基)-1-(3-苯氧基丙基)-1-氮鎓二环[2.2.2]辛烷溴化物的方法 Active CN101490048B (zh)

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CN103755699A (zh) * 2014-01-06 2014-04-30 万特制药(海南)有限公司 一种2-羟基-2,2-二噻吩-2-基乙酸-1-氮杂二环[2,2,2]辛-3(r)-基酯制备方法
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CN108112252B (zh) * 2015-03-30 2020-11-24 好利安科技有限公司 制备阿地溴铵的方法

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