CN101473749A - Pocket type cultivation method for yam - Google Patents
Pocket type cultivation method for yam Download PDFInfo
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- CN101473749A CN101473749A CNA200910073696XA CN200910073696A CN101473749A CN 101473749 A CN101473749 A CN 101473749A CN A200910073696X A CNA200910073696X A CN A200910073696XA CN 200910073696 A CN200910073696 A CN 200910073696A CN 101473749 A CN101473749 A CN 101473749A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bag-type Chinese yam cultivation method. The method comprises the following steps: a. manufacturing cultivation bags with an uvioresistant non-toxic material; b. opening air holes at the sides of the cultivation bags; c. selecting Chinese yam maternal plants with sparse pores and luster; d. mixing grass carbon, vermiculite and decomposed maize straws, adding with sterilized chicken manure to be taken as a culture medium and filling into the cultivation bags; e. vertically and closely arranging the cultivation bags with a space of 1-1.2m; f. seeding in April of the current year, making a hole in a mixed medium at the upper opening of each cultivation bag, placing a Chinese yam seedling in the hole with head upward, and covering the mixed medium; g. managing in a growing period; and h. harvesting after stem leaves of the Chinese yam are withered at the end of October of the current year. The method can help perform industrial cultivation in places unsuitable for soil tillage; solves the problems of succession cropping obstacle, reduced quality and the like of the Chinese yam by soil cultivation, realizes quality, safety and pollution-free production of the Chinese yam; has the advantages of simple operation, fertilizer and water saving and low cost, and is applicable to large-scale Chinese yam production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant cultivation method, particularly relate to a kind of pocket type cultivation method for yam.
Background technology
All there is cultivation in most of area to Chinese yam in the whole nation, and main edible part is underground stem tuber, is rich in starch, sugar, protein, carbohydrate etc., is one of nutritious famous and precious vegetables.Chinese yam has been rich in many secondary metabolitess, have tonifying spleen be good for the stomach, anticancer, prevent and treat the health care of special medical such as diabetes and be worth, also be crucial simply traditional Chinese medicine.In recent years, domestic and international market constantly increases the demand of Chinese yam, but plantation at present is main to dig the traditional planting technology of zanjon, a small amount of holing cultivating, the cultivation of cellar for storing things formula, sleeve pipe cultivation are also arranged, but these cultivations all are subjected to the restriction of soil condition, and cultivation labour intensity big, yield poorly and unstable, can not be used for batch production production on a large scale.Particularly soil continuous cropping obstacle, environmental pollution etc. increase the weight of day by day in recent years, cause the reduction of Chinese yam output, quality decline, residue of pesticide and content of beary metal to exceed standard, and have had a strong impact on cultivation and the quality of Chinese yam.For this reason,, strengthen its commodity, press for and seek the new cultivation method of a kind of Chinese yam for improving output and the quality of Chinese yam.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pocket type cultivation method for yam, solved degradation problem under Chinese yam soil cultivation continuous cropping obstacle, the quality, realized that Chinese yam carries out the nuisanceless production of batch production in the place that is not suitable for soil cultivation.
The said pocket type cultivation method for yam of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivation bag is prepared
A, cultivation bag are made: cultivation bag is made by anti-ultraviolet non-toxic material;
B, cultivation bag are breathed freely: open-ended on the cultivation bag, and following end closure, upward inferior thick, the cultivation bag side has air-vent, is used for getting rid of a bag interior redundant moisture;
(2) cultivation operating procedure
C, potato seed preparation: select for use pore sparse and have a Chinese yam female parent of gloss, the Chinese yam young plant that cuts down trunk upper end root 15～17cm is as potato seed, potato seed dormancy 4 months after results, and 1 week basked seeds prior to seeding, be beneficial to kind of piece and sprout, promote the kryptoblast growth;
D, matrix preparation and filling: select the peat composed of rotten mosses for use, vermiculite, the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed mixes as cultivation matrix, the stalk that wherein becomes thoroughly decomposed will be ground into 0.5～1.0cm particle, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed mixes by the volume ratio of 2:1:1, per then 1 cubic metre of mixed-matrix adds sterilization chicken manure 40～50kg, the mixed-matrix cultivation bag of packing into and having openning hole of sterilization chicken manure will be mixed with, note to fill bottom the cultivation bag, and the pine nut degree wants consistent, it is top-heavy to avoid filling the back, astasia, it is real excessively that matrix should not be adorned, and needs to ensure that internal ventilation is good, guarantees the normal growth of Chinese yam stem tuber;
E, cultivation bag are placed: cultivation bag is vertically closely arranged, and 1～1.2 meter of every capable cultivation bag spacing guarantees that the growth of each plant is unaffected;
F, sowing: sowing in April then, before the sowing cultivation matrix is watered sufficient water, in cultivation bag cultivation bag suitable for reading, dig the dark hole of 12～14cm on the mixed-matrix with scuppit or other instrument, head-up be put in the hole then ready Chinese yam young plant, covering is scraped plane surface after being mixed with the mixed-matrix of sterilization chicken manure again;
G, growing season management: after emerging, each cultivation bag watered every 10～15 days permeable 1 time, grew downwards to impel subterranean stem, Chinese yam stretch climing after, adopt 2～2.5m long bamboo bar or batten to set up support, or, hang climing with the cotton rope or the rope made of hemp then at 2.3～2.5m place, Chinese yam bag upper end bracing wire.Notice that support or rope should carry out disinfection before use, 6, July stem tuber and cauline leaf ramp phase, note watering, guarantee that water content of substrate maintains 80%, and impose composite fertilizer 2 times that the Chinese yam extermination of disease and insect pest is with conventional yam cultivation;
H, Chinese yam results: treat by the end of October that then the Chinese yam cauline leaf can gather in the crops after withered and yellow, during results, earlier withered and yellow cauline leaf is removed, then cultivation bag was fallen, first the matrix on top is poured out, hold the top of Chinese yam again it is extracted.
Said pocket type cultivation method for yam, cultivation bag diameter 30～40cm, high 130～140cm; Cultivation bag is made with polyethylene black plastic film or black and white double-side membrane.
Said pocket type cultivation method for yam, it is 0.8～1.0cm air-vent that 5～10cm place, cultivation bag lateral distance sack bottom opens 2～3 diameters.
Said pocket type cultivation method for yam, the mixed-matrix that is mixed with the sterilization chicken manure in the cultivation bag loads thickness 115～125cm.
Said pocket type cultivation method for yam, during sowing, Chinese yam spacing in the rows 15～20cm, Chinese yam young plant head is apart from the cultivation bag mouthful top 8～10cm that digs a hole.
The beneficial effect that the present invention obtains is: this method is broken the region restriction, also can carry out the cultivation of Chinese yam batch production high-quality in the place that is not suitable for soil cultivation; Used matrix is all passed through sterilization, is independently between each cultivation bag, prevents and treats easily if disease takes place, and has reduced the usage amount of agricultural chemicals, is suitable for Chinese yam safety, nuisanceless production; This technology is simple to operate, has saved the plantation of Chinese yam and heavy physical labor when gathering, and has avoided irrigating the loss of moisture and nutrient, and cost is low, is suitable for carrying out the large tracts of land Chinese yam and produces.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention.
A kind of pocket type cultivation method for yam of embodiment may further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivation bag is prepared
A, cultivation bag make: cultivation bag is made cultivation bag 30～40cm, high 130～140cm with anti-ultraviolet polyethylene black plastic film or black and white double-side membrane or other non-toxic material with identical function;
B, cultivation bag are breathed freely: open-ended on the cultivation bag, and following end closure, upward inferior thick, it is 0.8～1.0cm air-vent that bag side has 2～3 diameters apart from 5～10cm place, sack bottom, is used for getting rid of a bag interior redundant moisture;
(2) cultivation operating procedure
C, potato seed preparation: select for use pore sparse and have a Chinese yam female parent of gloss, the Chinese yam young plant that cuts down trunk upper end root 15～17cm is as potato seed, potato seed dormancy 4 months after results, and 1 week basked seeds prior to seeding, be beneficial to kind of piece and sprout, promote the kryptoblast growth;
D, matrix preparation and filling: select the peat composed of rotten mosses for use, vermiculite, the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed mixes as matrix, the stalk that wherein becomes thoroughly decomposed will be ground into 0.5～1.0cm particle, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed mixes by the volume ratio of 2:1:1, in per 1 cubic metre of mixed-matrix, add sterilization chicken manure 40～50kg then, the mixed-matrix that is mixed with the sterilization chicken manure is packed into and accomplished fluently the cultivation bag of air-vent, and make it to reach 115～125cm filling thickness, note to fill bottom the cultivation bag, and the pine nut degree wants consistent, it is top-heavy to avoid filling the back, astasia, and it is real excessively that matrix should not be adorned, need to ensure that internal ventilation is good, guarantee the normal growth of Chinese yam stem tuber;
E, cultivation bag are placed: adopt outdoor cropping method plantation Chinese yam, cultivation bag is vertically closely arranged, south-north direction, and 1～1.2 meter of every capable cultivation bag spacing guarantees that the growth of each plant is unaffected;
F, sowing: sowing in April then, before the sowing cultivation matrix is watered sufficient water, during sowing, in cultivation bag cultivation bag suitable for reading, dig the dark hole of 12～14cm on the mixed-matrix with scuppit or other instrument, Chinese yam spacing in the rows 15～20cm head-up tilts to be put in ready Chinese yam young plant in the hole then, Chinese yam young plant head distance hole top 8～10cm, after the mixed-matrix covering that is mixed with the sterilization chicken manure, scrape plane surface and get final product;
G, growing season management: after emerging, each cultivation bag watered every 10～15 days permeable 1 time, grew downwards to impel subterranean stem, Chinese yam stretch climing after, adopt 2～2.5m long bamboo bar or batten to set up support, or, hang climing with the cotton rope or the rope made of hemp then at 2.3～2.5m place, Chinese yam bag upper end bracing wire.Notice that support or rope should carry out disinfection before use, 6, July stem tuber and cauline leaf ramp phase, note watering, guarantee that water content of substrate maintains 80%, and impose composite fertilizer 2 times that the Chinese yam extermination of disease and insect pest is with conventional yam cultivation;
H, Chinese yam results: treat by the end of October that then the Chinese yam cauline leaf can gather in the crops after withered and yellow, during results, earlier withered and yellow cauline leaf is removed, then cultivation bag was fallen, first the matrix on top is poured out, hold the top of Chinese yam again it is extracted.
It may be noted that: present embodiment only is illustrative rather than definitive thereof technical scheme of the present invention.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art still can make amendment or replacement on an equal basis to the present invention, and not breaking away from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of pocket type cultivation method for yam is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivation bag is prepared
A, cultivation bag are made: cultivation bag is made with anti-ultraviolet non-toxic material;
B, cultivation bag are breathed freely: cultivation bag upper end open-ended, and following end closure, upward inferior thick, the cultivation bag side has air-vent;
(2) cultivation operating procedure
C, potato seed preparation: select for use pore sparse and have a Chinese yam female parent of gloss, the Chinese yam young plant that cuts down trunk upper end root 15～17cm is as potato seed, potato seed dormancy 4 months after results, and 1 week basked seeds prior to seeding, be beneficial to kind of piece and sprout, promote the kryptoblast growth;
D, matrix preparation and loading: the maize straw that select the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite for use, becomes thoroughly decomposed mixes as cultivation matrix, the stalk that wherein becomes thoroughly decomposed will be ground into 0.5～1.0cm particle, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, the maize straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed mix by the volume ratio of 2:1:1, per then 1 cubic metre of mixed-matrix adds sterilization chicken manure 40～50kg, the mixed-matrix that is mixed with the sterilization chicken manure is packed into and held the cultivation bag of air-vent successfully, mixed-matrix pine nut degree wants consistent in the cultivation bag, ensures that internal ventilation is good;
E, cultivation bag are placed: cultivation bag is vertically closely arranged, 1～1.2 meter of every capable cultivation bag spacing;
F, sowing: sowing in April then, before the sowing cultivation matrix is watered sufficient water, in cultivation bag cultivation bag suitable for reading, dig the dark hole of 12～14cm on the mixed-matrix with scuppit or other instrument, head-up be put in the hole then ready Chinese yam young plant, covering is scraped plane surface after being mixed with the mixed-matrix of sterilization chicken manure again;
G, growing season management: after emerging, each cultivation bag watered every 10～15 days permeable 1 time, grow downwards to impel subterranean stem, Chinese yam stretch climing after, adopt 2～2.5m long bamboo bar or batten to set up support, or at 2.3～2.5m place, Chinese yam bag upper end bracing wire, hang climing with the cotton rope or the rope made of hemp then, support or rope should carry out disinfection before use, 6, July stem tuber and cauline leaf ramp phase, note watering, guarantee that water content of substrate maintains 80%, and imposing composite fertilizer 2 times, the Chinese yam extermination of disease and insect pest is with conventional yam cultivation;
H, Chinese yam results: treat by the end of October that then the Chinese yam cauline leaf can gather in the crops after withered and yellow, during results, earlier withered and yellow cauline leaf is removed, then cultivation bag was fallen, first the matrix on top is poured out, hold the top of Chinese yam again it is extracted.
2, pocket type cultivation method for yam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: cultivation bag is made with polyethylene black plastic film or black and white double-side membrane.
3, pocket type cultivation method for yam according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: cultivation bag diameter 30～40cm, high 130～140cm.
4, pocket type cultivation method for yam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is 0.8～1.0cm air-vent that 5～10cm place, cultivation bag lateral distance sack bottom opens 2～3 diameters.
5, pocket type cultivation method for yam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mixed-matrix filling thickness 115～125cm that is mixed with the sterilization chicken manure in the cultivation bag.
6, pocket type cultivation method for yam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during sowing, and Chinese yam spacing in the rows 15～20cm, Chinese yam young plant head is apart from the cultivation bag mouthful top 8～10cm that digs a hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910073696XA CN101473749B (en) | 2009-01-22 | 2009-01-22 | Pocket type cultivation method for yam |
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| CN200910073696XA CN101473749B (en) | 2009-01-22 | 2009-01-22 | Pocket type cultivation method for yam |
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| CN101473749A true CN101473749A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| CN101473749B CN101473749B (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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Cited By (16)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101855983A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Eggplant seedling raising matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN101855984A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Pepper seedling raising medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN101857473A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Tomato seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN101855982A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Cucumber seedling-raising substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN101855975A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Celery seedling raising matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN102356747A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-02-22 | 河南农业大学 | Substrate culture method for reducing continuous cropping obstacle of rehmannia |
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| CN102726181A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-17 | 武国贵 | Chinese yam tubular bag planting technology |
| CN103210825A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-24 | 淮安柴米河农业科技发展有限公司 | Chinese yam matrix transverse cultivation method |
| CN103329710A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-02 | 江苏开昌农业综合开发科技有限公司 | Potato large-scale cultivation substrate |
| CN103609290A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-05 | 韦本辉 | Method for cultivating yams in bagged soil in mountainous regions |
| CN104737752A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-07-01 | 范茂瑄 | Long yam low-labor intensity planting method suitable for mountainous area barren land |
| CN105660239A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-15 | 朱业斌 | Purple yam seedling growing cultivation medium and seedling growing method thereof |
| CN106831253A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-06-13 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of yam cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN108055992A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-22 | 藤县友强淮山种植专业合作社 | A kind of Chinese yam implantation methods |
| CN108849350A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-23 | 界首市宝凤家庭农场 | A kind of implantation methods of ginseng |
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| CN1311728C (en) * | 2005-05-24 | 2007-04-25 | 四川大学 | Method for culturing Chinese yam of filling polystyrene partical in narrow-space |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101855983A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Eggplant seedling raising matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN101855984A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Pepper seedling raising medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN101857473A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Tomato seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN101855982A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Cucumber seedling-raising substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN101855975A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Celery seedling raising matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN102726181A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-17 | 武国贵 | Chinese yam tubular bag planting technology |
| CN102356747A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-02-22 | 河南农业大学 | Substrate culture method for reducing continuous cropping obstacle of rehmannia |
| CN102502068A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-06-20 | 徐寿海 | Breathable plastic film and preparation method thereof |
| CN103210825A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-07-24 | 淮安柴米河农业科技发展有限公司 | Chinese yam matrix transverse cultivation method |
| CN103210825B (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2014-07-02 | 淮安柴米河农业科技发展有限公司 | Chinese yam matrix transverse cultivation method |
| CN103329710A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-10-02 | 江苏开昌农业综合开发科技有限公司 | Potato large-scale cultivation substrate |
| CN103609290A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-05 | 韦本辉 | Method for cultivating yams in bagged soil in mountainous regions |
| CN104737752A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-07-01 | 范茂瑄 | Long yam low-labor intensity planting method suitable for mountainous area barren land |
| CN105660239A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-15 | 朱业斌 | Purple yam seedling growing cultivation medium and seedling growing method thereof |
| CN106831253A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-06-13 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of yam cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN108055992A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-22 | 藤县友强淮山种植专业合作社 | A kind of Chinese yam implantation methods |
| CN108849350A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-23 | 界首市宝凤家庭农场 | A kind of implantation methods of ginseng |
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| CN101473749B (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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