CN101857473A - Tomato seedling substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Tomato seedling substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101857473A CN101857473A CN201010136451A CN201010136451A CN101857473A CN 101857473 A CN101857473 A CN 101857473A CN 201010136451 A CN201010136451 A CN 201010136451A CN 201010136451 A CN201010136451 A CN 201010136451A CN 101857473 A CN101857473 A CN 101857473A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tomato seedling substrate and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the technical field of agricultural seedling. The raw material components of the tomato seedling substrate comprise a vegetable stump compost product, grass carbon and vermiculite in the volume ratio of 4 to 6:2 to 3: 2 to 3, wherein vegetable stumps refer to hot pepper stumps, cucumber stumps and cabbage stumps, and the stumps refer to plants or plant tissues abandoned in fields after the picking of human beings is finished. The invention is most suitable for tomato seedling, and a cultivated tomato seedling is superior to a traditional conventional seedling substrate in the aspects of root system vitality, leaf chlorophyll content, seedling indexes and prophase yield after field planting. The seedling substrate of the invention reduces the usage amount of the grass carbon, is beneficial to saving grass carbon resources and achieves the purposes of resource utilization of the vegetable stumps and reduction of environmental pollution. Therefore, the invention has remarkable economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, particularly relate to a kind of tomato seedling substrate and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Tomato is one of bigger vegetable species of China's cultivated area, and according to Ministry of Agriculture's statistics, tomato in China sown area in 2006 is 83.47 ten thousand hm
2(" China's Vegetable ", 2008 the 1st phases).Many on the tomato production based on culturing and transplanting seedlings.At present, tomato seedling adopted the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite composite interstitial substance (2: 1 usually, v/v) (" vegetables ", 2007 the 4th phases), still, the peat composed of rotten mosses is Nonrenewable resources, overexploitation will certainly destroy ecotope, particularly wetland environment (" Yunnan Prov Agriculture University's journal ", 2007 the 2nd phases), country has formulated relevant rules and has limited the quantity of or forbid exploitation (" northern gardening ", 2009 the 4th phases) to the peat composed of rotten mosses.Seek peat composed of rotten mosses substituted type seedling medium, for save peat composed of rotten mosses resource, preserve the ecological environment, to reduce seedling cost significant.
2007, sown area of China vegetables and ultimate production were respectively 1732.9 ten thousand hm
2, 5.6337 hundred million t (" Chinese agriculture information ", 2009 the 7th phases), account for 43%, 49% of the world respectively, all rank first in the world.Produce a large amount of stubbles in the vegetables production process,, cabbage siphonal lobe climing and rhizome etc. as capsicum seedling, cucumber, vegetables stubble output accounts for 9.09% (" Chinese stalk resource evaluation and utilization " of agricultural crop straw ultimate production, 2008), become the fourth-largest agricultural crop straw that China is only second to paddy rice, corn, wheat three generalized grain crops.The vegetables stubble is discarded the field of vegetables periphery, and the mineral substance that produces behind the natural degradation makes surface water and underground water eutrophication through runoff, seepage, and depleted vegetables stubble still is the propagation diffuse source of disease and pest.
The vegetables stubble is carried out composting, the compost product substitutes the peat composed of rotten mosses and is used for the seedling medium preparation, both can realize the recycling of vegetables stubble, reduce it because of problem of environmental pollution discarded or that burning causes, can alleviate the destruction that ecotope is caused because of peat composed of rotten mosses overexploitation again, therefore, have tangible economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits, present report without any this respect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the blank in above-mentioned field, a kind of tomato seedling substrate and preparation method thereof is provided, both can realize the recycling of vegetables stubble, can alleviate the destruction that ecotope is caused because of peat composed of rotten mosses overexploitation again.
A kind of tomato seedling substrate, feed composition is vegetables stubble compost product, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite, volume ratio is 4～6: 2～3: 2～3, and described vegetables stubble refers to capsicum stubble, cucumber stubble and cabbage stubble, described stubble refers to abandon in field plant or plant tissue after human harvesting finishes.
The volume ratio of described capsicum stubble, cucumber stubble and cabbage stubble is 3: 2: 2.
Described vegetables stubble compost product refers to the C/N ratio of vegetables stubble crushed material is adjusted into 25, and water content is 60%, adds viable count 〉=2 * 10 by 0.5% of vegetables stubble gross weight
9The compost Inoculant of cfu/g, the product that makes through composting fermentation process.
The volume ratio of described vegetables stubble compost product, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite is 4: 2: 3.
The described peat composed of rotten mosses is of a size of 2mm-6mm.
Described vermiculite particle diameter is 1mm-2mm.
A kind of preparation method of tomato seedling substrate, step is as follows:
1) the vegetables stubble is crushed to 0.5cm-1.2cm length, regulate C/N than to 25, water content 60%.
2) add compost Inoculant, viable count 〉=2 * 10 by 0.5% of vegetables stubble gross weight
9Cfu/g, compost obtain vegetables stubble compost product until becoming thoroughly decomposed.
3) vegetables stubble compost product mixed with the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite in 4: 2: 3 by volume, adjusted pH value to 6.2.
Described compost refers to turning in per 7 days once until becoming thoroughly decomposed, and reduces to below 30 ℃ to piling body central point temperature, and vegetables stubble crushed material darkens.
Contribution of the present invention has been to provide a kind of new tomato seedling substrate, compare with conventional tomato seedling substrate, utilize vegetables stubble compost product partly to substitute the peat composed of rotten mosses, help saving peat composed of rotten mosses resource, can also reduce environmental pollution and disease and pest propagates, the more important thing is, seedling medium provided by the invention is suitable for tomato seedling specially, under the identical cultivation management condition, its tomato seedling that brings out aspect such as early yield after root system vigor, chlorophyll content in leaf blades, strong sprout index and field planting all is better than existing conventional seedbed system matrix.
Another advantage of seedling medium provided by the invention is, utilizes the main raw material of vegetables stubble compost product as seedling medium, and raw material sources are extensive, and aboundresources is cheap, makes the cost of seedling medium reduce 20%-30%.
The present invention also provides the preparation technology and the parameter of this tomato seedling substrate, and technology is simple, and is easy to operate, and application suits large area to popularize.
In sum, tomato seedling substrate provided by the invention and preparation method thereof has tangible economic implications, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. seedling medium of the present invention is to the effect of tomato seedling exponential in strong sprout
Fig. 2. seedling medium of the present invention is to the influence of tomato seedling chlorophyll content in leaf blades
Fig. 3. seedling medium of the present invention is to the effect of tomato seedling root system vigor
Fig. 4. seedling medium of the present invention to the tomato seedling field planting after the influence of early yield
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Raw material: capsicum stubble, cucumber stubble and cabbage stubble are from Vegetable ﹠ Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science test farm; The peat composed of rotten mosses is available from the U.S. peat of Heilungkiang birch company limited; Vermiculite is available from Lingshou County, Hebei province Beijing-to-Shijiazhuang mineral products source mill.
Embodiment
The vegetables stubble is crushed to 0.5cm-1.2cm length, mixed in 3: 2: 2 by volume, regulate C/N than to 25, water content 60%; Add compost Inoculant, viable count 〉=2 * 10 by 0.5% of vegetables stubble gross weight
9Cfu/g, compost are vegetables stubble compost product until becoming thoroughly decomposed; Vegetables stubble compost product mixed with the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite in 4: 2: 3 by volume, adjusted pH value to 6.2, can obtain tomato seedling substrate of the present invention.
Experimental example 1. seedling mediums of the present invention are to the effect of tomato seedling exponential in strong sprout
Assorted 105 are the examination material in the selection, and seed is provided by tomato breeding seminar of Vegetable ﹠ Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science.
Flower is No. 1 (N-P the more
2O
5-K
2O=20-20-20), spend the more No. 8 (N-P
2O
5-K
2O=20-10-20) water soluble quick-acting fertilizer is available from Beijing big fellow's agricultural science and technology company limited.
Experiment is carried out in Vegetable ﹠ Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science's heliogreenhouse.The tomato seeds 6h that soaks seed behind 5%NaClO sterilization 10min places in Φ 15 culture dish of the double-deck filter paper in shop vernalization in the constant incubator (28 ℃) then.March 16, the seed of selection germination neat and consistent is broadcast into 72 holes and is coiled, being that vegetables stubble compost product, the peat composed of rotten mosses and the vermiculite of 6: 2: 3 (T1), 5: 2: 3 (T2), 5: 3: 2 (T3), 4: 2: 3 (T4), 4: 3: 2 (T5) is composite interstitial substance with volume ratio respectively, is contrast (CK) with 2: 1 peat composed of rotten mosses vermiculite composite interstitial substance of volume ratio.The tomato seedling cotyledon is open and flat to 2 true leaves expansion, uses weekly to contain 100mgkg
-1The flower of N is fertile 1-2 time of water soluble quick-acting the more; 2 true leaf to 4 true leaves launch, and use weekly to contain 200mgkg
-1The flower of N is fertile 1-2 time of water soluble quick-acting the more; 4 true leaves are expanded to into seedling, use weekly to contain 300mgkg
-1The flower of N is fertile 1-2 time of water soluble quick-acting the more.Between fertilizer application period, the flower the more No. 1 and the flower the more No. 8 two kinds of fertilizer be used alternatingly.Seedling stage, other management were with conventional.
April 20,10 strains of every processing picked at random tomato seedling, 3 repetitions, investigation seedling plant height (basal part of stem is to the distance between the vegetative point), stem thick (rugosity at 1cm place under the cotyledonary node), complete stool dry weight are calculated the index in strong sprout.Strong sprout index=(stem thick/plant height) * complete stool dry weight * 100
Experimental result is as follows:
With contrast matrix phase ratio, T1～T5 seedling medium has all promoted tomato seedling to grow, and shows as plant height, stem is thick and the complete stool dry weight increases, and has reached the effect of cultivating strong sprout, and promptly showing as the strong sprout index increases (Fig. 1).Wherein, the promoter action that the T4 seedling medium grows to tomato seedling is bigger, and index comparison in strong sprout has reached the significance level of difference according to having increased by 22.86%.
Experimental example 2. seedling mediums of the present invention are to the effect of tomato seedling chlorophyll content and root system vigor
With in assorted 105 serve as to try material, seed is provided by tomato breeding seminar of Vegetable ﹠ Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science.
Experiment is carried out in Vegetable ﹠ Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science's heliogreenhouse.Tomato seeds places constant incubator (28 ℃) vernalization after seed soaking, sterilization.June 8, select the seed of germination neat and consistent to broadcast into 72 holes dish, each handles seedling medium and fertilization mode with experimental example 1.
July 10, choosing launches leaf fully apart from the 2nd of vegetative point, adopts acetone ethanol mixed solution extraction method to measure the seedling leaves chlorophyll content; The root system vitality test adopts Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride method (TTC).
Chlorophyll is photosynthetic basic substance, and photosynthesis is one of main determining factor of plant biology output.Root system is the major organs of plant to moisture, mineral nutrition absorption, is again the organ that important substance in the plant (as amino acid, hormone etc.) is synthetic, assimilate, transform, and the growing state of root system and vigor directly influence the vital movement of plant individual.Therefore, chlorophyll content, root system vigor are to weigh seedling stalwartness whether important indicator.From Fig. 2, Fig. 3 as can be known, the tomato seedling root system vigor of cultivating except that the T5 seedling medium is lower than the contrast, T1～T5 seedling medium has all improved tomato seedling chlorophyll content in leaf blades and root system vigor, wherein, the T4 seedling medium is bigger to the promoter action of seedling chlorophyll content, root system vigor, and comparison is according to having improved 13.29%, 23.41% respectively.
Experimental example 3. seedling mediums of the present invention to the tomato seedling field planting after the effect of output
Assorted 105 are the examination material in the selection, and seed is provided by tomato breeding seminar of Vegetable ﹠ Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science.
The heliogreenhouse soil organic matter content is 3.12%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 146.3mgkg
-1, available phosphorus 576.5mgkg
-1, available potassium 296.2mgkg
-1
Experiment is carried out in Vegetable ﹠ Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science's heliogreenhouse.Tomato seeds places constant incubator (28 ℃) vernalization after seed soaking, sterilization.August 5, select the seed of germination neat and consistent to broadcast into 72 holes dish, each handles seedling medium and fertilization mode with experimental example 1.August 30, tomato seedling 4 leaf true leaves select seedling of the same size to be colonizated in heliogreenhouse when launching, seeding row spacing 30cm * 50cm, 60 strains of every sub-district.
Experimental result is as follows:
With contrast matrix phase ratio, after the tomato seedling field planting that the T4 seedling medium is cultivated, the plant blossom phase, percentage of fertile fruit increased in advance, showed as early yield and raise (Fig. 4), and comparison is according to having increased by 14.48%, and difference reaches conspicuous level.After the tomato seedling field planting that T1, T2, T3, T5 seedling medium are cultivated, early yield also all in various degree be higher than contrast.
Claims (8)
1. tomato seedling substrate, feed composition is vegetables stubble compost product, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite, volume ratio is 4～6: 2～3: 2～3, described vegetables stubble refers to capsicum stubble, cucumber stubble and cabbage stubble, and described stubble refers to abandon after human harvesting finishes plant or the plant tissue in the field.
2. tomato seedling substrate according to claim 1, the volume ratio of described capsicum stubble, cucumber stubble and cabbage stubble is 3: 2: 2.
3. tomato seedling substrate according to claim 1, described vegetables stubble compost product refer to the C/N ratio of vegetables stubble crushed material is adjusted into 25, and water content is 60%, add viable count 〉=2 * 10 by 0.5% of vegetables stubble gross weight
9The compost Inoculant of cfu/g, the product that makes through composting fermentation process.
4. tomato seedling substrate according to claim 1, the volume ratio of described vegetables stubble compost product, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite is 4: 2: 3.
5. tomato seedling substrate according to claim 1, the described peat composed of rotten mosses are 2mm-6mm length.
6. tomato seedling substrate according to claim 1, described vermiculite particle diameter is 1mm-2mm.
7. the preparation method of a tomato seedling substrate, step is as follows:
1) the vegetables stubble is crushed to 0.5cm-1.2cm length, regulate C/N than to 25, water content 60%;
2) add compost Inoculant, viable count 〉=2 * 10 by 0.5% of vegetables stubble gross weight
9Cfu/g, compost obtain vegetables stubble compost product until becoming thoroughly decomposed.
3) vegetables stubble compost product mixed with the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite in 4: 2: 3 by volume, adjusted pH value to 6.2.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, described compost refers to turning in per 7 days once until becoming thoroughly decomposed, and reduces to below 30 ℃ to piling body central point temperature, vegetables stubble crushed material darkens.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103975793A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-13 | 刘坦 | Tomato seedling growing matrix |
| CN104756839A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2015-07-08 | 西北农林科技大学 | Tomato seedling breeding matrix using tomato straws as raw material and preparation method thereof |
| RU2570565C1 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2015-12-10 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет" (ТГУ, НИ ТГУ) | Method of producing vermicompost |
| CN108260508A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-10 | 马鞍山市全润农业科技有限公司 | A kind of tamato seed soilless culture method |
| CN110452063A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-15 | 贵州省中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室(贵州医科大学天然产物化学重点实验室) | A kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds During High-Temperature Composting matrix and its preparation method and application |
| CN114885956A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-12 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Bare-grown control method for tomato plug seedlings |
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| CN101165008A (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2008-04-23 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Vegetable residual strain microorganism-earthworm multiple step inoculation conversion method |
| CN101248738A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2008-08-27 | 济南市鲁青园艺研究所 | Melon raise seedling or stalk cultivation ground mass and method for manufacturing same |
| CN101473749A (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2009-07-08 | 河北农业大学 | Pocket type cultivation method for yam |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN101165008A (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2008-04-23 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Vegetable residual strain microorganism-earthworm multiple step inoculation conversion method |
| CN101248738A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2008-08-27 | 济南市鲁青园艺研究所 | Melon raise seedling or stalk cultivation ground mass and method for manufacturing same |
| CN101473749A (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2009-07-08 | 河北农业大学 | Pocket type cultivation method for yam |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104756839A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2015-07-08 | 西北农林科技大学 | Tomato seedling breeding matrix using tomato straws as raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104756839B (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2017-08-08 | 西北农林科技大学 | Using tomato stalk as tomato seedling substrate of raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103975793A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-13 | 刘坦 | Tomato seedling growing matrix |
| RU2570565C1 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2015-12-10 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет" (ТГУ, НИ ТГУ) | Method of producing vermicompost |
| CN108260508A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-10 | 马鞍山市全润农业科技有限公司 | A kind of tamato seed soilless culture method |
| CN110452063A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-15 | 贵州省中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室(贵州医科大学天然产物化学重点实验室) | A kind of cake of camellia oleifera seeds During High-Temperature Composting matrix and its preparation method and application |
| CN114885956A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-12 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Bare-grown control method for tomato plug seedlings |
| CN114885956B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-06-09 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Free growth control method for tomato plug seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20101013 |