CN101411280B - Method for cultivating Phalaenopsis amabilis Bl. in day-light greenhouse in north area - Google Patents
Method for cultivating Phalaenopsis amabilis Bl. in day-light greenhouse in north area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating moth orchid in a solar greenhouse in the north, and belongs to a flower and plant cultivation method. A method for constructing the solar greenhouse comprises the steps of mounting round-wing heating pipes around the greenhouse, building a seedling bed, mounting a second curtain for the seeding bed in winter and covering a shading net outside the greenhouse in spring, summer and autumn. The method for cultivating moth orchid comprises the steps of selecting seeds, cultivating seedlings in test tubes, changing pots, watering and applying fertilizer, spraying agricultural chemical, arranging seedlings and seedling plates, cultivation temperature, light control standards, water and humidity control standards, fertilizer use standards N-P-N, flowering period regulation, supporting stalks, sorting finished flowers and packing and transporting finished flowers. The method cultivates moth orchid with exuberant branches and leaves and buds through improvement of the solar greenhouse, regulation of cultivation environment and flowering period, control of diseases and insects and finds a new field for cultivating moth orchid in the north.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of ornamental horticulture plant cultivation method, belong to the floriculture field.Particularly relate to a kind of cultivation method that Chinese northern area improvement greenhouse by solar heat is produced the northern area greenhouse by solar heat Moth orchid of top grade flower Moth orchid that is suitable for.
Background technology:
Moth orchid is described as after the cattleya, the commercialization production of Moth orchid cultivation having developed into now.The Moth orchid industry has become the model of utilization modern science and technology generation high benefit in the plant husbandry.External commodity orchid mainly is a cattleya, relative other flower variety, the production area is little, and the output value is occupied very big proportion in the commodity flowers, belong to the higher flower variety of economic worth, through ten years development, cattleya has got compatriots' approval and favor, wherein Moth orchid has occupied the half of the country in Chinese top grade flower market, and the prospect that makes further progress.
The Moth orchid cultivar mostly is introduction, mainly is from Taiwan, and mainly in high-grade hothouse production, the input that greenhouse experiment etc. are high has limited its development, because climate difference, culture technique does not match, and general cultivation condition quality is difficult to guarantee.At above situation, research North China area improvement greenhouse by solar heat Moth orchid large-scale production technical specification, for adjusting the structure of rural undertaking, the development high-efficiency agriculture is increased farmers' income, and the development that drives the local industry of flowers and plants has great importance.
Summary of the invention:
Goal of the invention of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of cultivation method of northern area greenhouse by solar heat Moth orchid is provided, this method is simple, the facility cost is low, by the regulation and control of improvement greenhouse by solar heat planting environment, florescence control and the extermination of disease and insect pest, northern area is become a reality with greenhouse by solar heat cultivation Moth orchid.
Realize the foregoing invention purpose by the following technical solutions:
A kind of cultivation method of northern area greenhouse by solar heat Moth orchid comprises the method for construction of greenhouse by solar heat and the cultivation method of Moth orchid,
A. the remodeling method that is used for the common greenhouse by solar heat of Moth orchid cultivation
1. add circle wing steam heating pipe around in the greenhouse
Steam heating pipe is apart from ground 20cm, and north wall and per 4 meters steam heating pipes in the south connect with 2 meters writing brushes;
2. add the seedbed
Watt build the seedbed with building, 25 centimetres of the height of bed, length * wide=4.9 * 1.8 meter, bed is apart from 50 centimetres, and 20 centimetres of distance steam heating pipes in the south are apart from 50 centimetres of north steam heating pipes;
3. add two road curtains winter
Winter, north wall added two road curtains between 2 meters at 1.5 meters, slope, south, greenhouse, and 1.5 meters of Nan Po to the outer ground of steam heating pipe in the south adds double-layer heat insulation cloth;
4. the greenhouse adds the sunshade net spring, summer, three season of autumn
Be to adjust illumination, above the greenhouse, set up girder steel every 10 meters, 60-80 centimetre on girder steel apart from insulation cloth surface, girder steel is fixed on the wall of both sides, hangs the fixed shading net above;
The cultivation method of B, Moth orchid
1. breed selection
In the selection of cultivar, arrange in pairs or groups mutually with middle early blossoming, middle flower, late flowering variety, based on middle flower variety, in, early blossoming is auxilliary, selecting for use of late flowering variety should be decided with the concrete time in the Spring Festival;
2. test-tube plantlet bottle outlet
Cultivate test-tube plantlet in vitro, during the test-tube plantlet bottle outlet, clean the agar of root, root is wrapped up, go into colourless polypots respectively according to the size of seedling with sphagna;
3. change alms bowl
Test-tube plantlet bottle outlet growth 6 months changes to 2.5 cun colourless nutritive cube with seedling, in the colourless nutritive cube that the size according to seedling after 3-4 month changes to increasing, increase; When changing alms bowl, the old nutritive cube of backing off earlier, the old new sphagna of sphagna coated outside one deck, in the cultivation alms bowl of packing into it new again, change alms bowl 25-30 days after, in the alms bowl body, grow new root;
4. the fertilising of watering
Every 7-10 days, fertilizer and water alternately applied Lan Miao, watered when turning white on cultivation alms bowl sphagna surface, and the supply water temperature that uses in vegetative period and flowering stage is near the room temperature in the greenhouse at that time;
5. spraying pesticide
Every two weeks, blue seedling is carried out 5000 times of agricultural streptomycins, 1000 times of tpns, 1000 times of carbendazim, 1000 times of thiophanate methyls, mancozeb sprays in turn for 800 times and prevents and treats disease, ends until extract bennet out; To regularly use the insect protected of phoxim granule to around the seedbed simultaneously;
6. seedling and seedling dish puts
Lan Miao puts by the direction of growth north and south of leaf; The number of putting of cave seedling dish and blue seedling is decided according to the specification of alms bowl body, and it puts density from cultivating to blooming;
7. cultivate temperature
Under easy planting environment condition, the cultivation temperature is 12-35 ℃, keeps 20-35 ℃ temperature in the seedling phase, and the Hua Helei phase keeps 12-35 ℃ temperature;
8. the control criterion of illumination
Illumination should not be strong excessively in the Moth orchid cultivation, especially in summer and autumn, answers shading 70%, should control different illumination according to the seedling age difference:
A. seedling, seedling optimal light impinge upon below the 15000Lx
B. middle seedling, seedlings optimal light impinge upon 15000-20000Lx
C. illumination in flowering stage is at 20000-35000Lx
Illumination difference before, during and after the greenhouse by solar heat seedbed, in preceding after, each, the seedling dish will be rotated adjustment in period before flower bud differentiation;
9. the control criterion of water and humidity
A. water used water source control pH value less than 8, the EC value is less than 0.5ms/cm,
B. vegetative period, humidity was 60-80%;
C. flowering stage humidity 50-70%;
10. the use standard N-P-N of fertilizer
Moth orchid is variant according to the required fertilizer element of different phase in its vegetative period, flowering stage,
A. vegetative period: 20%-20%-20% fertilely is used alternatingly with 30%-1%0-10% fertilizer;
B. flower forcing in earlier stage: water 9%-45%-15% fertilizer 3 times;
C. flower forcing phase: 10%-30%-20% fertile and 20%-20%-20% fertilizer;
D. flowering stage:, reduce by half but water the fertile frequency with the flower forcing phase;
(11) florescence control
The blooming of high-quality selected good strains in the field for seed and handled with the plant of the above strain of 1.5-2 age, stalwartness, well developed root system 6-8 sheet leaf, and its flower number is reached more than 8;
(12) bennet is set up support
Moth orchid begins to support with supporter when bennet is extracted 20-30 centimetre out, grows on request to guarantee bennet, selects supporter according to the length of kind bennet, generally at 80-100 centimetre;
(13) classification of finished product flower
Finished product is spent and generally is divided into superfine, A level, B level and C level;
(14) packed and transported of finished product flower
The transportation of finished product flower is divided into closely transportation and remote transportation, and closely the seedling dish is directly used in transportation, and bennet is fixed bennet with rope all facing one direction, with the black plastic bag Hua Jimiao is checked and regulated the thermal car of packing on the cover, and carton is adopted in remote transportation.
Adopt technique scheme, compared with prior art, remarkable advantage of the present invention is, the area, North China is fit to the production of Moth orchid, though compare slightly height of production cost with south, the florescence is long, quality better, identical with the Northeast's product quality, but production cost is lower than northeast, and overall benefit is higher than the above two.Transform existing greenhouse by solar heat, to its transformation of heating, lower the temperature, make it satisfy the needs of Moth orchid growth, the greenhouse by solar heat of transformation is compared with modern greenhouse, and maximum advantage is a small investment, and operating cost is low, and energy consumption only is equivalent to 1/3.And can single independence control, convenient processing and florescence control to different condition, promotion potential is huge.This method is by the improvement greenhouse by solar heat and to regulation and control, florescence control and the extermination of disease and insect pest of planting environment, and the Moth orchid branches and leaves of cultivation are luxuriant, and bud is like brocade, the frontier of having opened up the cultivated in north Moth orchid.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
The cultivation method of a kind of northern area greenhouse by solar heat of present embodiment Moth orchid comprises method of construction and the cultivation method of Moth orchid and the method for preventing and treating of damage by disease and insect of greenhouse by solar heat.
1, the remodeling method that adapts to the common greenhouse by solar heat of Moth orchid cultivation needs
1. add circle wing steam heating pipe around in existing greenhouse
Steam heating pipe is apart from ground 20cm, and north wall and per 4 meters steam heating pipes in the south connect with 2 meters writing brushes.Also can adopt the square radiator of north wall, per 1.2 meters radiators connect with 1 meter writing brush, and are in the south with 1.2 cun light pipes.
2. add the seedbed
Build the seedbed with asbestos shingle, 25 centimetres of the height of bed, length * wide=4.9 * 1.8 meter, bed is apart from 50 centimetres, apart from 20 centimetres of steam heating pipes in the south, apart from 50 centimetres of north steam heating pipes.
3. add two road plastic products curtains winter
At 1.5 meters, slope, south, greenhouse, add two road plastic products curtains for strengthening heat insulation effect winter between 2 meters of north wall, 1.5 meters of Nan Po to the outer ground of steam heating pipe in the south adds double-layer plastic cloth.
4. the greenhouse adds the sunshade net three season of spring and summer autumn
Be to adjust illumination, above the greenhouse, set up girder steel every 10 meters, 60-80 centimetre on girder steel apart from the Polypropylence Sheet surface, girder steel on the gable of both sides, hangs the fixed shading net with fixation with steel wire above.
2, the cultivation method of Moth orchid
The selection criteria of Moth orchid cultivar
In the selection of cultivar, should arrange in pairs or groups mutually with middle early blossoming, middle flower, late flowering variety, based on middle flower variety, middle early blossoming is auxilliary, selecting for use of late flowering variety should be decided with the concrete time in the Spring Festival.
The cultivation method of operating
1. test-tube plantlet bottle outlet
Sowing in vitro when treating the test-tube plantlet bottle outlet, is cleaned the agar of test-tube plantlet root, with its root parcel, goes into the colourless polypots of 72 caves or 1.8 cun with sphagna on respectively according to the size of test-tube plantlet.The degree of tightness of sphagna is suitable, makes the few damaged of root of test-tube plantlet as far as possible.
2. change alms bowl
Test-tube plantlet bottle outlet growth about 6 months changes to 2.5 cun colourless nutritive cube with seedling, and the size according to seedling after 3-4 month changes in 3.5 cun or the 3.5 cun colourless nutritive cubes of increasing.Reach the size of blue seedling in 2.5 cun alms bowls as the blue seedling of in 1.8 cun alms bowls, growing, also can directly change in 3.5 cun the alms bowl.When changing alms bowl, the old nutritive cube of backing off earlier, in the old new sphagna of sphagna coated outside one deck was packed new culture nutrition into, the elasticity of sphagna was pinched alms bowl external body sensation with hand and is advisable more firmly.Newly change in blue seedling 5-7 days of culture nutrition and do not water, be beneficial to the recovery of root wound.Changed behind the alms bowl about 25-30 days, and grew new root, illustrating that growth normally changes the alms bowl success.
3. the fertilising of watering
Every 7-10 days, fertilizer and water were alternately executed as in the cultivation alms bowl.When turn white in cultivation alms bowl sphagna surface, water, rewater after not waiting sphagna to parch fully.The supply water temperature that uses in vegetative period and flowering stage is suitable near the room temperature in the greenhouse at that time.
4. spraying pesticide
Every two weeks, tackle blue seedling and carry out 5000 times of agricultural streptomycins, 1000 times of tpns, 1000 times of carbendazim, 1000 times of thiophanate methyls, mancozeb sprays in turn for 800 times and prevents and treats disease, until extract bennet out.In addition, regularly use the insect protected of phoxim granule around the reply seedbed.
5. seedling and seedling dish puts
Lan Miao puts by the direction of growth north and south of leaf.1.8 very little alms bowl is put the blue seedling of 24 strains with 24 cave seedling dishes, 2.5 cun alms bowls are put the blue seedling of 15 strains with 15 cave seedling dishes, and 3.5 cun or 3.5 cun alms bowls of increasing are put the blue seedling of 8 strains with 12 cave seedling dishes, and this density is always from cultivating to only blooming.
6. bennet is set up support
Moth orchid is extracted 20-30 centimetre out at bennet and is begun to support with the iron arrow, grows on request to guarantee bennet.Length according to the kind bennet is selected the iron arrow, and the iron arrow is that plastic iron wire is generally long 80-100 centimetre.The bottom that should select the closely knit position of a sphagna that the iron arrow is inserted alms bowl always on the bennet limit during dowel arrow is fixed bennet and iron arrow with plastic grip, and bennet is grown along the iron arrow.In the bennet process of growth, should constantly increase plastic grip with fixing bennet, whole bennet generally needs 5 plastic grips.
7. the classification of finished product flower
Finished product is spent and generally is divided into superfine, A level, B level and C level.Superfine should have 12 above buds, and flower open more than 8 should be arranged during product.The A level should have 8 above buds, and flower open more than 6 should be arranged during product.The B level should have 6-7 bud, and flower open more than 5 should be arranged during product.The C level should have 4-5 bud, and the flower of 4 openings should be arranged during product.
8. the packed and transported of finished product flower
The transportation of finished product flower is divided into closely transportation and remote transportation.Closely the seedling dish can be directly used in transportation, and every dish is adorned the blue seedling of 12 strains, and bennet is fixed 12 bennets with plastic ties all facing one direction, with the black plastic bag Hua Jimiao is checked and regulated on the cover, and the thermal car of taking double-deck frame of directly packing into gets final product.Dress seedling preincubation car should be beaten heat in advance.Remote transportation can be adopted vanning, and carton is a specific customization, can adorn 20 or 40 strains of blooming.During vanning, the strain layering of blooming is placed, fix with adhesive tape, and every layer of correct placement of the strain of blooming, the position in bennet street will be spent with soft paper and be separated.Adorned that with adhesive tape carton to be sealed be the transportation of available thermal car.As waiting cold district delivery northeastward, should in carton, add cystosepiment and ground cushion, after being sealed, carton adds one deck ground cushion more outside, wrap with Polypropylence Sheet again.
4, cultivation management method
1. the selection criteria of sphagna with the method for preventing and treating of living moss
When selecting sphagna, select for use the pH value in the 5.2-5.5 scope, low EC value is for well.1.0mg/L liquor potassic permanganate is to the inhibition best results of moss growth.
2. temperature control criterion and method
Under easy planting environment condition, 12-35 ℃ cultivation temperature also can be produced high-quality commodity Moth orchid.But will keep 20-35 ℃ temperature in the seedling phase, the Hua Helei phase keeps 12-35 ℃ temperature.
For guaranteeing above condition, Moth orchid cultivation greenhouse summer is with the following of Polypropylence Sheet and toply all lift up 50 centimetres of ventilations, and do not close night.In rainy, uptake is closed.By the end of September, close air port up and down night, work as temperature and be higher than air port in 30 ℃ of openings daytime.Add a cover thermal insulation quilt at the beginning of 10 months, remove thermal insulation quilt at the beginning of 5 months.
3. the control criterion of illumination
Illumination should not be strong excessively in the Moth orchid cultivation, especially in summer and autumn, answers shading 70%.Should control different illumination according to the seedling age difference:
A. seedling, seedling optimal light impinge upon below the 15000Lx
B. middle seedling, seedlings optimal light impinge upon 15000-20000Lx
C. illumination in flowering stage is at 20000-35000Lx
Illumination difference before, during and after the greenhouse by solar heat seedbed, in preceding after, should rotate the seedling dish adjustment each period before flower bud differentiation.
Light application time is longer to be kept more than the intensity of illumination 10h better every day at least, well growth result is then arranged, minimum keeping more than the 8h.
4. the control criterion of water and humidity
The pH value should be controlled below 8 in the used water source that waters, and the EC value can not handled water below 0.5ms/cm.
Vegetative period, humidity was 60-80%, and minimum will remaining on more than 40% is the highest above 90%;
Flowering stage, humidity 50-70%.The highlyest surpass 80%, minimumly be not lower than 50%.
5. the use standard of fertilizer
Moth orchid is variant according to required fertilizer elements of different phase such as its vegetative period, flowering stage, is divided into (representing with the N-P-K ratio) usually approximately.
Vegetative period (the 3-8 middle of the month): 20%-20%-20% fertilizer is used alternatingly with 30%-10%-10% fertilizer
Flower forcing early stage (after mid-August): water 9%-45%-15% fertilizer 3 times
The flower forcing phase: 10%-30%-20% fertile and 20%-20%-20% fertilizer
Flowering stage:, reduce by half but water the fertile frequency with the flower forcing phase
6. florescence control
Obtain the strain of blooming of high-quality, can select the above strain of the 1.5-2 stalwartness in age for use, well developed root system plant (6-8 sheet leaf) is handled, and the flower number average can reach more than 8.
This area under easy improvement greenhouse by solar heat cultivation condition, can satisfy early after August 5 successively in, in, the required temperature of florescence Moth orchid flower bud differentiation in evening, therefore needn't carry out special flower forcing and handle and can satisfy the demand.
7. the method for preventing and treating of the main Moth orchid damage by disease and insect of northern area:
In the greenhouse culture of northern area, main damage by disease and insect is soft rot, brown spot, anthracnose, dark mildew, scale insect, and it is as follows that it prevents and treats method:
Soft rot: harm blade or complete stool.Water stain shape patch appears in the initial stage on blade, expand to the sprouting of one-piece blade and the base portion of blade gradually, and symptom is scalded just like hot water, leaf texture's water-filling, rotten and smelly.
Prevention and treatment method: improper ventilation, temperature are crossed low and excessive this disease of all easily suffering from of humidity.Therefore, the control water yield, improvement ventilation condition are the keys that the prevention soft rot takes place.In case find this sick generation, should at once sick leaf be wiped out, use 2000 times of sprinklings of agricultural streptomycin again.
Brown spot: main harm blade.Initial blade face appearance point point dark brown speckle expands to one-piece blade gradually, causes the plant disanimation and apparent aging.
Prevention and treatment method: the improvement ventilation condition, sick leaf is wiped out the back spray 1000 times of controls of thiophanate methyl.
Anthracnose: harm blade.Mostly be improper ventilation and sultry due to.Symptom is that some ellipticity spots appear in the initial stage blade, and is black by xanthochromia, and to whole leaf expansion.
Prevention and treatment method: add forced ventilation and cooling, sick leaf is wiped out, spray weekly 1 time with carbendazim, tpn or 500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl.
Dark mildew: cause by fungi, when improper ventilation, easily take place, symptom be the blade face as adhering to one deck coal smoke object, can see the small thalline of a grain black under scrutinizing.
Prevent and treat method: improvement greenhouse ventilation condition, and corresponding reduction humidity, spray weekly 1 time with carbendazim, tpn or 500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl.
Scale insect: how how wet at high temperature, the environment of improper ventilation takes place down.Symptom is the protrusion that blade back adheres to a grain brown, is actually polypide and is attached on the plant corpus, and the outside is the wax shell of protection.Be abound with plant when serious, cause blue strain atrophy and dead.
Prevent and treat method: improve ventilated environment, and spray with 1000 times of liquid of flolimat of 40%.Can dip in suds with the fur brush when a small amount of wipes.
Mainly to put prevention first,, blue seedling is carried out 5000 times of agricultural streptomycins in the cultivation every two weeks, 1000 times of tpns, 1000 times of carbendazim, 1000 times of thiophanate methyls, mancozeb sprays control for 800 times in turn.Until extract bennet out.In addition, regularly use the insect protected of phoxim granule around the reply seedbed.
Use method of the present invention, the inventor improves easily in this area and carries out Moth orchid cultivation demonstration under the greenhouse by solar heat cultivation condition, by statistics, in satisfying early after August 5 successively, in, the required temperature of florescence Moth orchid flower bud differentiation in evening, therefore needn't carry out special flower forcing and handle and can satisfy the demand.The morning and evening of flower bud differentiation is main relevant with kind.Find that through the observation statistics to seed seedling and mitogenetic seedling seed seedling flower bud differentiation period is chronic, generally from 5-October 5 August, the morning, noon and afternoon are respectively broken up all having of period.This phenomenon may also have certain relation with the morning and evening at parent's florescence.
Seed seedling flower bud differentiation period statistics
Annotate: add up total 1056 strains
Statistics to each grade flowering rate of Moth orchid shows that seed seedling A level product rate is lower, and commodity to go out delivery date longer.
The statistics of each grade flowering rate of seed seedling
| Grade | The strain number of blooming | Shared ratio (%) |
| The A level | 6360 | 68.55 |
| The B level | 2020 | 21.77 |
| The C level | 898 | 9.68 |
Annotate: add up total 9278 strains.The A level: 8 spend above, B level: a 6-7 flower, the C level: 5 flowers and below
Mitogenetic seedling is as long as seedling age is sufficient, and flower bud differentiation is concentrated relatively period, general sooner or later differing in one month.Flower bud differentiation is only relevant with breediness sooner or later.A level product rate is all more than 90%, and it is very short to go out delivery date.
More than disclosed be several embodiments of the present invention only, but the present invention is not limited thereto, any those skilled in the art can think variation, all should drop within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the cultivation method of a northern area greenhouse by solar heat Moth orchid comprises the method for construction of greenhouse by solar heat and the cultivation method of Moth orchid, it is characterized in that,
A is used for the remodeling method of the common greenhouse by solar heat of Moth orchid cultivation
1. add circle wing steam heating pipe around in the greenhouse
Steam heating pipe is apart from ground 20cm, and north wall and per 4 meters steam heating pipes in the south connect with 2 meters writing brushes;
2. add the seedbed
Watt build the seedbed with building, 25 centimetres of the height of bed, length * wide=4.9 * 1.8 meter, bed is apart from 50 centimetres, and 20 centimetres of distance steam heating pipes in the south are apart from 50 centimetres of north steam heating pipes;
3. add two road plastic products curtains winter
North wall 2 meters between add two road plastic products curtains at 1.5 meters, slope, south, greenhouse winter, and 1.5 meters of Nan Po to the outer ground of steam heating pipe in the south adds double-layer heat insulation cloth;
4. the greenhouse adds the sunshade net spring, summer, three season of autumn
Be to adjust illumination, above the greenhouse, set up girder steel every 10 meters, 60-80 centimetre on girder steel apart from insulation cloth surface, girder steel is fixed on the wall of both sides, hangs the fixed shading net above;
The cultivation method of B, Moth orchid
1. breed selection
In the selection of cultivar, arrange in pairs or groups mutually with middle early blossoming, middle flower, late flowering variety, based on middle flower variety, middle early blossoming is auxilliary, selecting for use of late flowering variety should be decided with the concrete time in the Spring Festival;
2. test-tube plantlet bottle outlet
Cultivate test-tube plantlet in vitro, during the test-tube plantlet bottle outlet, clean the agar of root, root is wrapped up, go into colourless polypots respectively according to the size of seedling with sphagna;
3. change alms bowl
Test-tube plantlet bottle outlet growth 6 months changes to 2.5 cun colourless nutritive cube with seedling, in the colourless nutritive cube that the size according to seedling after 3-4 month changes to increasing, increase; When changing alms bowl, the old nutritive cube of backing off earlier, the old new sphagna of sphagna coated outside one deck, in the cultivation alms bowl of packing into it new again, change alms bowl 25-30 days after, in the alms bowl body, grow new root;
4. the fertilising of watering
Every 7-10 days, fertilizer and water alternately applied Lan Miao, watered when turning white on cultivation alms bowl sphagna surface, and the supply water temperature that uses in vegetative period and flowering stage is near the room temperature in the greenhouse at that time;
5. spraying pesticide
Every two weeks, blue seedling is carried out 5000 times of agricultural streptomycins, 1000 times of tpns, 1000 times of carbendazim, 1000 times of thiophanate methyls, mancozeb sprays in turn for 800 times and prevents and treats disease, ends until extract bennet out; To regularly use the insect protected of phoxim granule to around the seedbed simultaneously;
6. seedling and seedling dish puts
Lan Miao puts by the direction of growth north and south of leaf; The number of putting of cave seedling dish and blue seedling is decided according to the specification of alms bowl body, and it is put density and ends to blooming from cultivation;
7. cultivate temperature
Under easy planting environment condition, the cultivation temperature is 12-35 ℃, keeps 20-35 ℃ temperature in the seedling phase, and the Hua Helei phase keeps 12-35 ℃ temperature;
8. the control criterion of illumination
Answer shading 70% in summer and autumn, should control different illumination according to the seedling age difference:
A. seedling, seedling optimal light impinge upon below the 15000Lx;
B. middle seedling, seedlings optimal light impinge upon 15000-20000Lx;
C. illumination in flowering stage is at 20000-35000Lx;
Illumination difference before, during and after the greenhouse by solar heat seedbed, in＞preceding＞after, each, the seedling dish will be rotated adjustment in period before flower bud differentiation;
9. the control criterion of water and humidity
A. water used water source control pH value less than 8, the EC value is less than 0.5ms/cm,
B. vegetative period, humidity was 60-80%;
C. flowering stage humidity 50-70%;
10. the use standard N-P-K of fertilizer
Moth orchid is variant according to the required fertilizer element of different phase in its vegetative period, flowering stage,
A. vegetative period: 20%-20%-20% is fertile is used alternatingly with 30%-10%-10% fertilizer;
B. flower forcing in earlier stage: water 9%-45%-15% fertile 3 times;
C. flower forcing phase: 10%-30%-20% fertile with 20%-20%-20% fertilizer;
D. flowering stage:, reduce by half but water the fertile frequency with the flower forcing phase;
(11) florescence control
The blooming of high-quality selected good strains in the field for seed and handled with the plant of the above strain of 1.5-2 age, stalwartness, well developed root system 6-8 sheet leaf, and its flower number is reached more than 8;
(12) bennet is set up support
Moth orchid begins to support with supporter when bennet is extracted 20-30 centimetre out, grows on request to guarantee bennet, selects supporter according to the length of kind bennet, is 80-100 centimetre;
(13) classification of finished product flower
The finished product flower is divided into superfine, A level, B level and C level;
(14) packed and transported of finished product flower
The transportation of finished product flower is divided into closely transportation and remote transportation, and closely the seedling dish is directly used in transportation, and bennet is fixed bennet with rope all facing one direction, with the black plastic bag Hua Jimiao is checked and regulated the thermal car of packing on the cover, and carton is adopted in remote transportation.
2. the cultivation method of northern area greenhouse by solar heat Moth orchid according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described sphagna be the pH value in 5.2-5.5, what the EC value was low is good.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101831168A CN101411280B (en) | 2008-12-12 | 2008-12-12 | Method for cultivating Phalaenopsis amabilis Bl. in day-light greenhouse in north area |
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| CN101810097B (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2012-08-08 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Cultivation method of flowering tree orchid in factory |
| CN102017861B (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-08-08 | 天津滨海国际花卉科技园区股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating phalaenopsis amabilis in greenhouse in north |
| CN102017860B (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-08-08 | 天津滨海国际花卉科技园区股份有限公司 | Method for regulating butterfly orchid florescence |
| CN103329703B (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2015-09-23 | 华南师范大学 | Improve the cultivation method of Moth orchid ornamental quality |
| CN103430746B (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-04 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | Phalaenopsis amabilis summer forcing culture method |
| CN104351232A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-02-18 | 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 | Composition for preventing and curing orchid anthracnose |
| CN104351233A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-02-18 | 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 | Method for preparing composition for preventing and treating orchids anthracnose |
| CN104304293A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-28 | 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 | Method for preventing and treating anthracnose of orchid |
| CN104521545B (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-07-27 | 柏跃龙 | A kind of Clivia miniata Reg is at the cultural method in greenhouse, the north |
| CN105409747A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-23 | 北京农学院 | Method for cultivating phalaenopsis amabilis in northern glasshouse |
| CN106576963A (en) * | 2016-11-26 | 2017-04-26 | 安徽裕龙种植农民专业合作社 | Management method for promoting prematurity of potted butterfly orchid |
| CN109699430A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-03 | 深圳市荣燊花木有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of iris |
| CN110463556A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-19 | 漳州新镇宇生物科技有限公司 | A kind of iris bottle seedling refinery method |
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