CN106034712A - Alder twig single-bud cuttage propagation method - Google Patents
Alder twig single-bud cuttage propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106034712A CN106034712A CN201610517842.3A CN201610517842A CN106034712A CN 106034712 A CN106034712 A CN 106034712A CN 201610517842 A CN201610517842 A CN 201610517842A CN 106034712 A CN106034712 A CN 106034712A
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- cuttage
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- alder
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an alder twig single-bud cuttage propagation method. The method comprises the steps of (1) cutting twig selection, (2) cutting preparation, (3) cutting bed preparation, (4) cuttage and post-cuttage management, and (5) seedling transplantation and post-transplantation management. The method has the following advantages: (1) a twig single-bud cuttage is adopted. Twigs with thickness of 3-5cm are selected as cutting twigs, such that utilizable twigs of a superior tree are increased. The propagation coefficient of the method is 2-3 times that of a common cuttage method, such that the demand of a large amount of fine seedlings of alder production is satisfied; (2) alder cuttage is carried out in a soilless substrate prepared with perlite and vermiculite in planting boxes. The substrate is easy to purchase; and placement positions are not restricted by cuttage conditions such as greenhouse and field. Therefore, more beneficial conditions are provided for cuttage, and cuttage survival rate is improved; (3) the seedlings obtained by cuttage can maintain excellent traits of the cuttage alder parent. The cultivated clonal seedlings have constant quality, and facilitate uniformity after afforestation. Growth difference does not exist.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method for culturing seedlings, particularly relate to a kind of alder twig single-bud cuttage method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
Alder is Betulaceae Alnus plant, is Chinese unique wheat.Widely distributed in China, growth is fast, and trunk end is directly justified
Full, wood usage is extensive, is one of important species building short cycle industrial cut stock raw material forest.In Artificial forest of Alnus cremastogyne, it is no lack of dry
Shape is good, grow rapid fine individual plant i.e. select tree, and current alder mainly cultivates nursery stock by the method for seeding and seedling raising, it is impossible to protect
Deposit the good characteristic of select tree, and seed is very limited；Use the method current technology also immaturity of tissue culture；Use cuttage
The method of nursery can preserve the good characteristic of select tree, but cutting all 3-4 bud of band, long 8-prepared by current common cottage method
12cm, reproductive efficiency is low, is unfavorable for that Fast-propagation goes out the clone nursery stock of select tree.The present invention uses twig single-bud cuttage nursery
Method, it is possible to use limited propagating materials, use cultivation box dress Camless valve train substrate carry out cuttage, can not have booth,
Under conditions of seedbed or few bacterium soil, the problem solving Clones of Plus Trees Fast-propagation, the most numerous for alder fine individual plant
Grow significant with popularization.At present, there is not yet with cultivation box dress soilless substrate carry out alder twig single-bud cuttage breeding excellent
The report of tree clone nursery stock.
At present, alder seeding and seedling raising technology: after seed collection, tan by the sun threshing, load in bag, put at aeration-drying dry hide or
Seal storage.Spring, autumn two Ji Junke sows, but preferably sowing in spring, sows in spring and preferably carry out in mid-February-mid-March.Drilling or spread
Broadcast, broadcast sowing application rate 3-3.5kg/ mu, drilling application rate 2-2.5kg/ mu.Thickness of earth covering 2mm, to lose seed for degree.By length
Rice straw mulching, after seedling major part is unearthed and is removed lid grass, spreads the pipe nipple grass covering about 2cm length, immediately to keep moistening cool place
Environment.Thinning, transplanting seedlings preferably is carried out when growing 6-8 sheet true leaf, a Seedling gone out, and can transplant in time.Transplanting seeding row spacing 10cm ×
20cm.Produce Seedling amount 30,000-4 ten thousand plants/acre.Its shortcoming is:
1) alder seeding and seedling raising belongs to sexual propagation, owing to there are differences between the seed of different select trees, same strain elite stand
Seed there is also difference, and the nursery stock cultivated can not preserve the good characteristic of maternal plant completely, and after afforestation, growth there is also certain
Difference, it is impossible to reach uniform effect.
2) alder artificial afforestration needs substantial amounts of breeding nursery stock, and breeding breeding garden the most not yet set up by current domestic alder,
And the seed that alder seeding and seedling raising uses on the market is substantially the seed of arbitrarily collection, seed collecting elite stand is not selected,
The seed gathered is very different, and the nursery stock quality cultivated does not ensures.
3) in Artificial forest of Alnus cremastogyne, small part grows prominent, tree-like good select tree, and seed amount is very limited, seeding and seedling raising
The nursery stock limited amount cultivated, it is impossible to meet the demand of needs a large amount of breeding nursery stock in producing.
At present, alder cuttage raise seedling technique: use the raw excellent strain of 3-5 as mother plant for cutting, the 5-6 month or JIUYUE, select to work as
Year life robust growth, semi-lignified branch thick for 0.6-1.0cm do cuttage material, or use lignifying branch to do in 1-2 month
Cuttage material, is cut into the branch section of 8-12cm length, 3-4 bud of band, carries 1 leaf or terminal bud, use root-inducing promoter GGR200ppm
Soak 5min, carry out cuttage by 5cm × 10cm seeding row spacing, use yellow soil: burning soil 1:1 and do substrate, insertion depth is cutting
More than half of length.Water permeable after Chaing in time, and overlay film moisturizing, overlay film insertion seedbed, about 2cm width smooth bamboo chip two two
Side becomes arch form, middle high about 50cm, covering water white transparency mulch film it on, with soil pressure film limit, make seedbed be in totally-enclosed in.Seedbed
Upper erection sunshade net, it is ensured that in seedbed, temperature is within 35 DEG C, most time is at about 30 DEG C.Period is with carbendazim, maneb
Zinc, thiophanate methyl, spray in turn, and concentration is 800～l000mg/kg, sprays 1 time, with backsight feelings after cuttage before overlay film
Condition is sprayed 1 time every 3～7d.After cuttage in often checking cuttage garden the situation such as soil moisture, when soil becomes to be dried, film should be taken off
Water spray also seals mulch film in time.After Chaing, about 40d can first open arch film two ends, allows after its gravity-flow ventilation 3d, then takes off film.9 below the moon
In ten days, after hot weather, remove sunshade net in time, make nursery stock accept full exposure.Cuttage survival rate is 80-83%.Its shortcoming is:
1) normal cutting propagation selects the branch that 0.6-1.0cm is thick, this branch limited amount.
2) normal cutting propagation is cut into 8-12cm length, the cutting of 3-4 bud carries out cuttage, limited at fine individual plant propagating materials
In the case of, compare single-bud cuttage, the utilization rate of cutting is low, and breeding coefficient is low 2-3 times, is unfavorable for that Fast-propagation goes out substantial amounts of nothing
Property system nursery stock.
2) use yellow soil, baked wheaten cake soil etc. to do cutting medium, be not that various places have, and be not easy to buy, the source of substrate
It is restricted, has influence on carrying out of cuttage work.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned deficiency, it is provided that a kind of alder twig single-bud cuttage method for culturing seedlings.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme: a kind of alder twig single-bud cuttage nursery side
Method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) selection of fringe bar: select alder fine individual plant to give birth to twig thick for 3-5cm then and do fringe bar, or use excellent list
In the cutting orchard that strain clone is set up, the twig near base portion does fringe bar, keeps fringe bar not dehydration, cut the same day on same day after cutting
Cuttage；
(2) preparation of cutting: removing bottom during pruning does not has blade and lignified stem section, and reservation axillalry bud is full and has
The stem section of blade, prunes according to one bud of each cutting, and upper and lower side is all in position relative with leaf at the 2-3mm of axillalry bud upper end
Put and be cut into angle, make cutting length reach 3-5cm, and regard the blade that leaf blade size retains 1/2-2/3, raw at 500ppmGGR afterwards
Root agent is soaked 0.5-1h, picks up the most dry rear standby；
(3) slotting machine prepare: substrate use perlite: Vermiculitum is 1:3, mix homogeneously, loading length × width × height be 42cm ×
Cultivation box or the similar water filtering of 28cm × 18cm but do not leak in the container of substrate, the deep 10-12cm of substrate, afterwards with 5 ‰
Potassium permanganate sterilization 2-3h after rinse well with clear water；Select the tree ventilating and partly shelter from heat or light lower or the local cement such as limit, room
Ground or earth ground, put the most standby by cultivation box with a 2-3 row；
(4) cuttage and insert after manage: mid-September to early October temperature 20-25 DEG C all can carry out cuttage；To soak quite
The cutting of root agent carries out cuttage according to the seeding row spacing of 5cm × 5cm, cuttage degree of depth 3-4cm, and blade is towards identical and hide the most mutually
Lid；Water with carbendazim water after being plugged and determine root water；Build the shed of middle high about 1m, inside put thin film, put outward the sunshade net of 30%；
Cuttage kept sunshade net to hide in 1 week, removed after one week, and sunshine at noon hides time too strong；Remove when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C
Thin film, rains and temperature is less than 25 DEG C of cover films, but two ends keep penetrating；Being watered by aerosol apparatus keeps cutting medium wet
Profit, selects with an atomizers spray carbendazim or thiophanate methyl sterilize the afternoon of fine day for 7-10 days；
(5) nursery stock transplanting and plant after manage: February next year after the root system lignifying of cuttage root-taking nursery stock, to cutting survival
Nursery stock transplant；Use vegetable garden soil: peat be 4:1 as substrate, during transplanting with rise with cultivation, cut length during transplanting and exceed
The root system of 5cm, is transplanted in the Japanese hole tray of diameter 5cm, long 8cm, keeps root system to unfold；With many bacterium of 2000mg/l after transplanting
Lingshui Spring irrigates, and shelters from heat or light 1 week with the sunshade net of 30% after transplanting, waters the most in time, weeding, topdresses, and the 5-6 month or the end of the year are the most available
In afforestation.
Present invention advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) method using twig single-bud cuttage, by selecting the branch of rugosity 3-5cm to do fringe bar, can make the select tree can
Branch for utilizing is more.
(2) by twig single-bud cuttage method, fringe bar only needs 1 bud, needs the utilization of 3-4 bud branch than common cuttage
Rate improves 3-4 times, and the utilization rate being equivalent to branch also improves 3-4 times, can be with the speed than fast 2-3 times of common cottage method
Breed a large amount of fine individual plant clone nursery stock, meet the demand of needs a large amount of breeding nursery stock during alder produces.
(3) soilless substrate utilizing cultivation box dress perlite and Vermiculitum to be made into carries out alder cuttage, and substrate is prone to purchase not
Restricted, putting position can be cement flooring can also be dirt floor, and be easier to choose suitable placing space, no
By not having the Cutting conditions such as booth, field to be limited, provide more favourable condition for cuttage, improve cuttage survival rate.
(4) nursery stock of the alder fine individual plant bred by twig single-bud cuttage is clone nursery stock, and cuttage obtains
Nursery stock can keep the merit of alder mother plant for cutting itself, the clone nursery stock uniform quality of cultivation, neatly draws after afforestation
One, there is not growth differences.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of alder twig single-bud cuttage method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) selection of fringe bar: select alder fine individual plant to give birth to twig thick for 3-5cm then and do fringe bar, or use excellent list
In the cutting orchard that strain clone is set up, the twig near base portion does fringe bar, keeps fringe bar not dehydration, cut the same day on same day after cutting
Cuttage；
(2) preparation of cutting: removing bottom during pruning does not has blade and lignified stem section, and reservation axillalry bud is full and has
The stem section of blade, prunes according to one bud of each cutting, and upper and lower side is all in position relative with leaf at the 2-3mm of axillalry bud upper end
Put and be cut into angle, make cutting length reach 3-5cm, and regard the blade that leaf blade size retains 1/2-2/3, raw at 500ppmGGR afterwards
Root agent is soaked 0.5-1h, picks up the most dry rear standby；
(3) slotting machine prepare: substrate use perlite: Vermiculitum is 1:3, mix homogeneously, loading length × width × height be 42cm ×
Cultivation box or the similar water filtering of 28cm × 18cm but do not leak in the container of substrate, the deep 10-12cm of substrate, afterwards with 5 ‰
Potassium permanganate sterilization 2-3h after rinse well with clear water；Select the tree ventilating and partly shelter from heat or light lower or the local cement such as limit, room
Ground or earth ground, put the most standby by cultivation box with a 2-3 row；
(4) cuttage and insert after manage: mid-September to early October temperature 20-25 DEG C all can carry out cuttage；To soak quite
The cutting of root agent carries out cuttage according to the seeding row spacing of 5cm × 5cm, cuttage degree of depth 3-4cm, and blade is towards identical and hide the most mutually
Lid；Water with carbendazim water after being plugged and determine root water；Build the shed of middle high about 1m, inside put thin film, put outward the sunshade net of 30%；
Cuttage kept sunshade net to hide in 1 week, removed after one week, and sunshine at noon hides time too strong；Remove when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C
Thin film, rains and temperature is less than 25 DEG C of cover films, but two ends keep penetrating；Being watered by aerosol apparatus keeps cutting medium wet
Profit, selects with an atomizers spray carbendazim or thiophanate methyl sterilize the afternoon of fine day for 7-10 days；
(5) nursery stock transplanting and plant after manage: February next year after the root system lignifying of cuttage root-taking nursery stock, to cutting survival
Nursery stock transplant；Use vegetable garden soil: peat be 4:1 as substrate, during transplanting with rise with cultivation, cut length during transplanting and exceed
The root system of 5cm, is transplanted in the Japanese hole tray of diameter 5cm, long 8cm, keeps root system to unfold；With many bacterium of 2000mg/l after transplanting
Lingshui Spring irrigates, and shelters from heat or light 1 week with the sunshade net of 30% after transplanting, waters the most in time, weeding, topdresses, and the 5-6 month or the end of the year are the most available
In afforestation.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, every utilize this
Equivalent structure or equivalence flow process that bright description and embodiment content are made convert, or are directly or indirectly used in what other were correlated with
Technical field, is the most in like manner included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. an alder twig single-bud cuttage method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) selection of fringe bar: select alder fine individual plant to give birth to twig thick for 3-5cm then and do fringe bar, or with fine individual plant without
Property the system cutting orchard set up in do fringe bar near the twig of base portion, keep fringe bar not dehydration after cutting, cut cuttage on the same day same day；
(2) preparation of cutting: removing bottom during pruning does not has blade and lignified stem section, and reservation axillalry bud is full and has blade
Stem section, prune according to one bud of each cutting, upper and lower side is all cut in the position relative with leaf at the 2-3mm of axillalry bud upper end
Become angle, make cutting length reach 3-5cm, and regard the blade that leaf blade size retains 1/2-2/3, afterwards at 500ppm GGR root-growing agent
Middle immersion 0.5-1h, picks up the most dry rear standby；
(3) slotting machine prepares: substrate uses perlite: Vermiculitum is 1:3, mix homogeneously, and loading length × width × height is 42cm × 28cm
Cultivation box or the similar water filtering of × 18cm but do not leak in the container of substrate, the deep 10-12cm of substrate, afterwards with 5 ‰ height
Rinse well with clear water after potassium manganate sterilization 2-3h；Select the tree ventilating and partly shelter from heat or light lower or the local concrete floor such as limit, room or
Person's earth ground, puts the most standby by cultivation box with a 2-3 row；
(4) cuttage and insert after manage: mid-September to early October temperature 20-25 DEG C all can carry out cuttage；Root-growing agent will be soaked
Cutting carry out cuttage according to the seeding row spacing of 5cm × 5cm, cuttage degree of depth 3-4cm, blade is towards identical and hide the most mutually；Insert
Water with carbendazim water after Hao and determine root water；Build the shed of middle high about 1m, inside put thin film, put outward the sunshade net of 30%；Cuttage 1
Keeping sunshade net to hide in week, remove after one week, sunshine at noon hides time too strong；Thin film is removed when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C,
Rain and temperature is less than 25 DEG C of cover films, but two ends keep penetrating；Being watered by aerosol apparatus keeps cutting medium to moisten, 7-10
It selects sterilize with carbendazim of atomizers spray or thiophanate methyl the afternoon of fine day；
(5) nursery stock transplanting and plant after manage: February next year the Seedling after the root system lignifying of cuttage root-taking nursery stock, to cutting survival
Wood is transplanted；Use vegetable garden soil: peat be 4:1 as substrate, during transplanting with rise with cultivation, cut length during transplanting more than 5cm
Root system, be transplanted in the Japanese hole tray of diameter 5cm, long 8cm, keep root system unfold；With the carbendazim of 2000mg/l after transplanting
Water irrigates, and shelters from heat or light 1 week with the sunshade net of 30% after transplanting, waters the most in time, weeding, topdresses, and the 5-6 month or the end of the year are used equally to
Afforestation.
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| CN107372070A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-24 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of hardwood cutting and seedling raising method based on Pujiang fragrant citrus |
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| CN106034712B (en) | 2019-04-19 |
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