CN101243753B - High position grafting method for walnut - Google Patents
High position grafting method for walnut Download PDFInfo
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- CN101243753B CN101243753B CN2008100452376A CN200810045237A CN101243753B CN 101243753 B CN101243753 B CN 101243753B CN 2008100452376 A CN2008100452376 A CN 2008100452376A CN 200810045237 A CN200810045237 A CN 200810045237A CN 101243753 B CN101243753 B CN 101243753B
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- cladus
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high graft method for walnuts, which solves the problem of traditional graft method that high grafting cannot be carried out on the big branches or stumps with the height around 10m and the diameter ranges from 10cm to 50cm., comprising the following procedures: 1. the treatment of rootstock interface; 2. the cutting of scion; 3. the insertion of scion branch bud; 4. the film application and the bandaging of the interface. The high graft method for walnuts has an advantage that, the invention solves the problem that coarse old trees have thick bark, and the survivalof grafting is difficult.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention is relevant with the grafting method of fruit tree, and is especially relevant with the method for grafting scion on walnut timber pile and bough.
Background technology:
The diameter of stock of existing walnut grafting method is all below 8cm.This is because of the stock grafting of diameter greater than 8cm, because traditional scion bevel cambium and cambial contact-making surface of stock has only about 5%, because cambial contact-making surface is few, callus is difficult to form, and graft survival rate is low.And stock is in the juvenile phase, and single plant yield is low behind the grafting renovation.Traditional grafting method can not make full use of tall and big wild walnut and set and be transformed into into the best varieties for complex peach.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of tall and big wild walnut tree resource that makes full use of and be transformed into good adult complex peach, and the high high position grafting method for walnut of survival rate.
The present invention is achieved in that
High position grafting method for walnut of the present invention, its grafting step is following:
(1) selects the walnut bough of 10-50mm diameter or be stock highly for the above walnut stub of 1m; Sawed-off from the stock smooth, scabble saw kerf, from the saw kerf outer field Lao Pi that down prunes; Keep the thick cortex of 0.2-0.8cm; Keeping the cortex place outgoing interface of down cutting sth. askew, the degree of depth of interface reaches the xylem of stock
(2) choosing has the cladus of 1-2 fringe bud, cuts out big bevel downwards to the cladus lower end from the back side of fringe bud, cuts out little bevel in the cladus lower end to fringe bud face,
(3) prune tertia in large and small bevel both sides to the cambium of cladus, make the cladus global shape resemble the duck tongue,
(4) the big bevel of cladus is inwardly leaned on the stock xylem, insert stock along the interface inclined-plane from the top down, till having inserted with big bevel,
(5) with cladus and the wrapping of stock joint, the fringe bud is exposed.
Interface length in the step (1) is 6-7cm; Big bevel length in the step (2) is 5-7cm; Little bevel is 40 °-50 ° with the angle of big bevel, is enclosed within on the stock scion place broken hole from the top down with the seedling film in the step (5); Tight along wrapping up around the saw kerf, with film whole cladus and fringe anvil joint are wrapped up several layers again.
The stock height is 8-12m, and the cladus that each stock is pegged graft is the 3-6 branch.
Diameter is the stock grafting 5-6 branch cladus of 38-42cm, the stock grafting 3-4 cladus of diameter 18-22cm.
Grafting time is 1-3 month, after spring, stock was sprouted, at least stock is carried out the bud picking operation 4 times; Cladus sprouts to 18-22cm, only keeps twig base portion 1-2 sheet leaf, and all the other leaves are wiped out; When sprouting length arrives 28-32cm; It is most advanced and sophisticated to remove the cladus bud, and when cladus was extracted 20-30cm out, a bundle rete was removed in the beginning gradation.
The bottom of saw kerf is severed leakage fluid dram or with opening V-shaped groove in the middle of the saw kerf, on the stock flaw-piece of V-shaped groove bottom, is severed leakage fluid dram again, and the cladus interface is on this leakage fluid dram.
Cladus is selected from big excellent No. 1 complex peach, and after cladus was gathered, with the mouth of sealing with wax, being loaded on humidity was 50%, and temperature is in 2-15 ℃ the container or controls and dig storage.
Traditional grafting method generally can only grafting on the spray of 8 centimetres of following rugosity, can not make full use of the solid space of tall and big wild walnut tree like this, and it is lower to transform the back single plant yield.And the present invention can carry out grafting renovation on 15 meters high whole strain bough, behind the recovery tree vigo(u)r, just can make the single plant yield fresh fruit reach 200-300 jin about 5 years, and the output value can reach about 1000 yuan.
The present invention can reach more than 90% by graft survival rate on walnut timber pile and bough, and its principle is: scion four directions bevel cambium and the cambial contact-making surface of stock that the present invention handles have enlarged 60%, are easy to the formation of callus, make the survival rate of grafting high.And traditional grafting method scion bevel cambium and the cambial contact-making surface of stock have only about 5%, because cambial contact-making surface is few, callus is difficult to form, so survival rate is low.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a cladus of cutting out big inclined-plane.
Fig. 2 is a cladus of cutting out large and small inclined-plane.
Fig. 3 prunes the duck ligulate cladus of both sides, big inclined-plane tertia.
Embodiment:
The selection of improved seeds and cladus collection and storage
1, the big excellent No. 1 complex peach maturing stage early (than precocious about one month of general kind >; Stable yield (do not have biennial bearing, the result is even); Shell thickness moderate (be anti-transportation, get benevolence again easily); Kernel percent high (dried walnut kernel percent reaches 50%-60%>etc. characteristics, the present invention selects big excellent No. 1 complex peach kind.
2, the selection of cladus and collection
Answer selective maturation full, lignification, the cladus that annual medulla is little is advisable.Cladus is with about 1 centimetre of diameter, and 2-4 bud of getting the top is best, and what pin bud, bud were not full need not.With secateurs or averruncator clip, the cladus clip should be smooth during collection.
3, the storage of cladus
After cladus is gathered, with the mouth of sealing with wax, then according to separately binding of length.Can use carton, wooden case shipment with adopting with the branch of usefulness, carry out lid with the sawdust of humidity about 50% in the case and fill a vacancy, the temperature inside the box is advisable at the 2-15 degree, the long storage of also can digging pit of period of storage.
The present invention connects the operating technology of method
1, grafting time is selected
Through facts have proved for many years, be best grafting period in the zone of height above sea level 1500-2000 rice with 1-2 month, height above sea level is best grafting period in the zone of 2000-2500 rice in 2-3 month.
2, the selection of stock saw kerf
Should select saw kerf in the place of stock branch smooth according to tree-like branch situation,, scabble saw kerf with the sawed-off branch of saw.
3, the processing of stock interface
Lao Pi outside timber pile and bough will down be pruned from saw kerf keeps 0.5 centimetre of cortex that the left and right sides is thick, and at the openning of place toward incision 6-7 centimeter length of peeling, the degree of depth switches to till the xylem with grafting knife.
4, the method for cutting of " duck tongue grafting " scion
(1) scion should have 1-2 fringe bud, from the following 1 centimetre of back side of fringe bud scion is whittled into big bevel from shallow to deep, the long 5-7 of bevel centimetre (thickness according to scion is decided); (Fig. 1)
(2) cut the little bevel about 45 degree at the big terminal back side of bevel (fringe bud face); (Fig. 2)
(3) tertia of pruning in the both sides of bevel is cut to cambium by green existing white smear end, makes the scion global shape resemble " duck tongue ".(Fig. 3)
5, the insertion of scionwood
Unplug the peel cortex on both sides, cut place of stock saw kerf with grafting knife, blurt out the scion of cutting (big bevel inwardly leans on the stock xylem) from top to bottom and insert, till having inserted with big bevel.Big pile crown grafting 5-6 branch about 40 centimetres is advisable, and the pile crown grafting 3-4 branch about 20 centimetres is advisable.
6, the wrapping method of interface
The wrapping pile crown gets off from last cover with the seedling film, and scion place is torn the hole and pressed down, along the stake saw kerf wrap up on every side tight till, wrap whole cladus and fringe anvil joint with film again, but the fringe bud exposed.
Management after the grafting
1, the control of damage by disease and insect
Walnut the easiest by little longicorn, locust, fly harm such as high, birds, squirrel, when cladus expands, just answer attention control, the method for preventing and treating is carried out integrated control to go into medicaments such as worker and hundred worm spirits.
2, bud picking
After spring, trees sprouted, the stock trunk can send a large amount of young shoots and will in time erase, in order to avoid rob nutrient and illumination with scion, carried out more than 4 times at least according to the truth bud picking.
3, leaf-cutting is windproof
When cladus sprouted to 20 centimetres of left and right sides, except that staying the 1-2 sheet leaf at the twig base portion, unnecessary blade should be cut in good time.When treating sprouting length, remove the tip, help the long real and twig stalwartness of interface, in case disconnected by wind to 30 centimetres of left and right sides.
4, loose film
Cladus is extracted 20-30 centimetre < cladus and stock form conjunctive tissue, the long real back of interface>out should carry out loose film, and a bundle film can not disposablely come loose, and answers gradation to come up.
The processing of several particular problems
1, in construction, will protect scion can not dehydration, existing with get at present, unaffected with the guarantee survival rate.
When 2, finding in the construction that stock saw kerf bleeding sap is too much, the venting flow liquid of just should taking measures avoids flow liquid to influence the formation of callus.Method is: low in the middle of the stub head saw is become, both sides are high, and cut the scion of bar osculum row bleeding sap at the lower flaw-piece and be inserted in high both sides, or with cutter undercut discharge opeing in the stub bottom.
The processing of grafting survival rate variance
1, the factor of grafting survival rate variance is many-sided, and each operation link misoperation of removing the above can directly influence survival rate, also has the influence of < 1>anvil fringe quality to grafting; (2>anvil fringe affinity are to the influence of grafting; (3) bleeding sap is to the influence of grafting;
(4>temperature and humidity influences to grafting; (5>grafting period and method to the influence of survival rate.
In order to improve graft survival rate to greatest extent; Must in the operation of graft technology rules, get hold of on the basis of each link; Also should prepare enough and mend the fringe bar that connects,, carry out once conscientiously by the fringe inspection at about 40 days of the grafting end; Find scion dehydration or produce vacation and appear vividly to resemble more in time to mend and connect, improve survival rate as far as possible.
Claims (5)
1. high position grafting method for walnut, its grafting step is following:
(1) select the walnut bough of 10-50mm diameter or highly for the above walnut stub of 1m is a stock, sawed-off from the stock smooth, scabble saw kerf; From the saw kerf outer field Lao Pi that down prunes; Keep the thick cortex of 0.2-0.8cm, the outgoing interface of down cutting sth. askew at reservation cortex place, the degree of depth of interface reaches the xylem of stock; Interface length is 6-7cm
(2) choosing has the cladus of 1-2 fringe bud, cuts out big bevel downwards to the cladus lower end from the back side of fringe bud, cuts out little bevel in the cladus lower end to fringe bud face, big bevel length 5-7cm, and 45 °-50 ° of big or small bevel angles,
(3) prune tertia in large and small bevel both sides to the cambium of cladus, make the cladus global shape resemble the duck tongue,
(4) the big bevel of cladus is inwardly leaned on the stock xylem, insert stock along the interface inclined-plane from the top down, till having inserted with big bevel,
(5) with cladus and the wrapping of stock joint, the fringe bud is exposed, be enclosed within from the top down on the stock with the seedling film, scion place broken hole, tight along wrapping up around the saw kerf, with film whole cladus and fringe anvil joint are wrapped up several layers again.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the stock height is 8-12m, and the cladus that each stock is pegged graft is the 3-6 branch.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that diameter is the stock grafting 5-6 branch cladus of 38-42cm, diameter 18-22cm stock grafting 3-4 cladus.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that grafting time is 1-3 month, after spring, stock was sprouted; At least stock is carried out the bud picking operation 4 times, cladus sprouts to 18-22cm, only keeps twig base portion 1-2 sheet leaf; All the other leaves are wiped out, and when sprouting length arrived 28-32cm, it was most advanced and sophisticated to remove the cladus bud; Cladus is extracted 20-30cm out, and a bundle rete is removed in the beginning gradation.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that severing in the bottom of saw kerf leakage fluid dram or with opening V-shaped groove in the middle of the saw kerf, on the stock gross weight of V-shaped groove bottom, severs leakage fluid dram, and the cladus interface is on this leakage fluid dram.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100452376A CN101243753B (en) | 2008-01-23 | 2008-01-23 | High position grafting method for walnut |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100452376A CN101243753B (en) | 2008-01-23 | 2008-01-23 | High position grafting method for walnut |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101243753A CN101243753A (en) | 2008-08-20 |
| CN101243753B true CN101243753B (en) | 2012-05-30 |
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| CN2008100452376A Expired - Fee Related CN101243753B (en) | 2008-01-23 | 2008-01-23 | High position grafting method for walnut |
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Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102106237A (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2011-06-29 | 陈建业 | Walnut grafting and seedling method |
| CN102217491A (en) * | 2011-06-13 | 2011-10-19 | 天津市蓟县忠民果品产销专业合作社 | Cutting sidegrafting method for single buds of fruit trees |
| CN102405773B (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2014-02-12 | 陈光华 | Technique for grafting wild Chinese walnut |
| CN102523944B (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2013-04-17 | 刘劲 | Method for increasing yield quickly by direct thick planting of walnut plants grafted onto Chinese ash stocks on low-lying wet land |
| CN102613008A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-08-01 | 陶育照 | Walnut tree grafting method |
| CN102805006A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-12-05 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Improved method for great castanopsis hystrix tree high-position grafting |
| CN103843587A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-11 | 林州市林业科学研究所 | Walnut grafting method |
| CN103518545A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-22 | 陶育照 | Method for replacing rootstock heads of high branches of walnut trees |
| CN104067863A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-01 | 四川农业大学 | Walnut top grating method |
| CN104285681A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2015-01-21 | 成县兴丰农林科技有限责任公司 | Grafting method of walnut |
| CN104521580A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-22 | 张淑芹 | Method for improving grafting coalescence rate of torreya grandis |
| CN105613177A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-06-01 | 绵阳市望林农业开发有限公司 | Rejuvenation method for dying walnut trees harmed by diseases and pests |
| CN107548822A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-01-09 | 陆川县英平畜牧业有限责任公司 | Peach tree grafting method |
| CN106258510A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-04 | 黄毅 | A kind of engrafting method of walnut |
| CN106879368A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-06-23 | 梁平县中梁核桃种植股份合作社 | The engrafting method of improvement fruit tree inferior |
| CN108702960B (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2020-12-18 | 昭通市林业和草原科学研究所 | Method for improving walnut yield based on high-stake optimization change |
| CN108934514A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-07 | 南京科森挤出装备有限公司 | A method of grafting bough |
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- 2008-01-23 CN CN2008100452376A patent/CN101243753B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101243753A (en) | 2008-08-20 |
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Effective date of registration: 20180508 Address after: 615000 Sichuan province Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture Xichang city chuangchuangxin road two section Liangshan Electronic Commerce Industrial Park B area 4 Building 408 room. Patentee after: Sichuan Chuan Yu walnut Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 615700 the Poverty Alleviation Office in Yanyuan County of Sichuan Province Patentee before: Hu Conglin |
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Granted publication date: 20120530 Termination date: 20210123 |