CN103828608A - Chinese walnut grafting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a Chinese walnut grafting method. Scions are stored in a basket or a carton good in air permeability and placed in a layering mode, the scions are stored in a refrigeration house, and the temperature is controlled between 0 DEG C and 4 DEG C; before grafting of the scion branches, the scion branches are soaked in nutrient solution for 1 minute to 2 minutes, and the temperature of the nutrient solution is kept between 35 DEG C and 40 DEG C. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the survival rate of grafted Chinese walnut trees is high, the scions are influenced little by outside environment because the scions are stored in the refrigeration house, the scions can be preliminarily processed effectively, and the practicability of the Chinese walnut grafting method is higher; because before grafting of the scions, the scions are soaked in the nutrient solution for 1 minute to 2 minutes, the grafting growth process is accelerated, and the survival rate of the grafted Chinese walnut trees is improved.

Description

A kind of hickory grafting method

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of fruit-tree grafting technology, especially a kind of cultivation graft technology of hickory.

Background technology:

Wild hickory, cathay hickory is perennial shrub, is mainly distributed in mountain area and knob.Growth time is between 50-80, and trunk is upright, and tree crown is relatively short and small, and well developed root system distributes dark and wide.Normal and other shrub is assorted raw, and spacing in the rows is intensive, growing ability and adaptable.But its kernel is less, kernel percent less than 10%, takes out whole kernel difficulty, therefore now low to Wild hickory resource utilization.

In grafting process, due to a variety of causes of walnut kind and graft technology itself, there will be stock and scion healing ability low, cause graft survival rate low.In addition, the bleeding sap removing in time that stock and scion cross section produce can make wound contact-making surface go rotten and affect the survival rate of grafting.

In grafting process, also can affect because of the degree of tightness of film bondage the survival rate of grafting.

China invention " a kind of technique for grafting wild Chinese walnut " (application publication number CN 102405773A) discloses as improvement of the present invention: the bleeding guiding gutter that has " U " shape in the upper end of the short one side in stock inclined-plane, the bleeding sap that allows stock and scion hinder face generation is oozed out naturally, avoid the infection of stock and scion wound, improve graft survival rate.But the main cause that the technology of the present invention graft survival rate is high is to have chosen strong stock and the scion grafting of vitality, be therefore difficult to promote; And patented technology of the present invention is easily disturbed by natural cause, therefore there is very large uncontrollability, be difficult to reach and promote the use of, be therefore difficult to be accepted by the people.

Summary of the invention:

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a kind of hickory grafting method, the influence factor of reduction natural environment, the success rate of raising hickory grafting, and the applicable hickory grafting method of extensively promoting.

Technical solution of the present invention is:

A kind of hickory grafting method, comprises the following steps:

(1) scion is selected: according to region and the difference of adopting fringe, grafting time, select scion-seed tree;

(2) gather scion: carry out hand shears or averruncator during in resting state at February or 3 parts of scion-seed trees;

(3) scion seasoning: adopt basket or the carton of good permeability, the layering of scion branch is placed, be stored in freezer, temperature is controlled at 0-4 ℃;

(4) stock is selected: select healthy and strong, grow vigorous, be stock without the tree of damage by disease and insect and the more than 3 years age of tree;

(5) grafting: stock top saw kerf, scionwood back of the body bud side is whittled into a large inclined-plane, and scionwood soaks 1-2 minute in nutrient solution, and solution temperature remains on 35-40 ℃, then scionwood inclined-plane is inserted from top to down to stock pork skin layer, then use agricultural mulching bondage tight;

(6) management after grafting: remove the rudiment on stock, shoot bondage, cuts off shoot top and the extermination of disease and insect pest.

As optimal way, nutrient solution is the solution of cane sugar content 20-30% described in above-mentioned steps 5.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1), adopt the present invention to carry out the grafting of hickory, hickory survival rate is higher, scion seasoning is in freezer, therefore scion is affected by the external environment lessly, has and has reached the object that scion is just processed, this hickory grafting method practicality is stronger.

(2), soak 1-2 minute with nutrient solution before scion grafting, accelerated the process of grafting growth, and improved the survival rate of hickory grafting.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation:

Fig. 1 is stock side view of the present invention

Fig. 2 is scionwood side view of the present invention

Fig. 3 is that in the present invention, scionwood inserts the side view in stock

Embodiment:

Scion is selected: select best in quality, robust growth, high yield, stable yields, be scion-seed tree without damage by disease and insect, the tree that adapts to breeding spot working condition.Branch stalwartness, growth are enriched, the heart is less, machinery-free is hindered and frostbite, have 1-2 fringe bud.

Gather scion: be typically chosen in annual February or March scion-seed tree in the time of resting state, carry out.

Gathering scion can be with hand shears or averruncator, and clip will be put down.After shearing, seal scion two ends with paraffin in time, prevent water loss.

The method of sealing with wax: be mixed and heated to 95-105 ℃ with paraffin and the beeswax of 10:2, in wax liquid, dip in (time is in 1 second) by one of scion bar rapidly, then scionwood other end is also dipped in wax liquid (time is in 1 second), make the surface of whole piece scion bar all enclose equably the wax liquid of thin layer.Then the completely cooling scionwood of sealing with wax being collected to storage scion deposits: the basket or the carton that adopt good permeability, the river sand of 2:1 is mixed thoroughly to send out with the sawdust powder of sterilizing and is wet, the layering of scion branch is placed, and the mixture of river sand and sawdust powder is below every layer of scion branch.Adopt basket or the carton of good permeability, the layering of scion branch is placed, be stored in freezer, temperature is controlled at 0-4 ℃, deposits 1-2 month.

Stock is selected: healthy and strong, grow vigorous, without damage by disease and insect, the wild tree on the spot of the more than 3 years age of tree.Remove weeds and the Za Shu of stock periphery.

Grafting: grafting time 4-5 month stock top is sawn into angle, then scabbles the surface of angle with sharp grafting knife.The one side upper end that stock inclined-plane (1) the is high long crust (2) of 3-5cm of pruning is " V " font, two cuttves are longitudinally drawn with grafting knife in upper end in the short one side in stock inclined-plane (1), horizontal partial application reaches layer of wood (4) again, tears the bleeding guiding gutter (8) that bark is " U " shape off.

Scionwood back of the body bud side is whittled into a large inclined-plane (6), and inclined-plane (6) are the same with " V " font (9) length on stock, and 3-5cm is smooth, and inclined-plane (6) area exceedes medulla (7).Prune gently again to the crust (5) of bud side; Scionwood soaks 1-2 minute in nutrient solution, and solution temperature remains on 35-40 ℃.Described nutrient solution is the solution of cane sugar content 20-30%.

Push stock " V " font (9) meat cortex (3) aside with grafting knife, meat cortex (3) is separated with xylem (4), by inside to scionwood inclined-plane (6) xylem (4) near stock, insert from top to down, till staying top, scionwood inclined-plane (6) crust a bit, make stock meat cortex (3) hold scionwood.

With than the large agricultural mulching of stock saw kerf area, from stock and the full stock saw kerf of scionwood interface cover, while agricultural mulching tears hole and exposes scionwood, then pitch of the laps wrapping around stock saw kerf, " V " font (9) interface surface of stock and scionwood is all wrapped, " U " word bleeding guiding gutter (8) bottom 1-2cm of the short one side in stock inclined-plane (1) exposes, then wraps up scion skill with the agricultural mulching that elongates drawing-down, and fringe bud exposes.

Management after grafting: about 20 days after grafting, easily sprout a large amount of young shoots on stock, affect sprouting and the growth of bud on scionwood, need to remove.The bud of removing on stock is erased from rudiment root, bud picking 3-4 time in a year.

When the bud of scionwood grows to 20cm left and right formation shoot, with dry branch, it is carried out to a rod and bundle.Meanwhile, the plastic sheeting for farm use gradation of wrapping up when the grafting is unclamped and removed.

When shoot grows to 30cm left and right, cut top.Be beneficial to stock and scion and hinder face consolidation, shoot stalwartness, and prevent that shoot from being broken by wind.

In addition, also to check and control damage by disease and insect, generally adopt artificial control and medicament to carry out integrated control.

Claims (2)

1. a hickory grafting method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) scion is selected: according to region and the difference of adopting fringe, grafting time, select scion-seed tree;

(2) gather scion: carry out hand shears or averruncator during in resting state at February or 3 parts of scion-seed trees;

(3) scion seasoning: adopt basket or the carton of good permeability, the layering of scion branch is placed, be stored in freezer, temperature is controlled at 0-4 ℃;

(4) stock is selected: select healthy and strong, grow vigorous, be stock without the tree of damage by disease and insect and the more than 3 years age of tree;

(5) grafting: stock top saw kerf, scionwood back of the body bud side is whittled into a large inclined-plane, and scionwood soaks 1-2 minute in nutrient solution, and solution temperature remains on 35-40 ℃, then scionwood inclined-plane is inserted from top to down to stock pork skin layer, then use agricultural mulching bondage tight;

(6) management after grafting: remove the rudiment on stock, shoot bondage, cuts off shoot top and the extermination of disease and insect pest.

2. hickory grafting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in step 5, nutrient solution is the solution of cane sugar content 20-30%.

Images