CN101240060B - 在非卤代溶剂中具有优良溶解度的晶态共聚酯及其应用 - Google Patents
在非卤代溶剂中具有优良溶解度的晶态共聚酯及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及在非卤代溶剂和非芳族溶剂中具有优良溶解度的晶态高分子共聚酯的制备及其在粘合剂中的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及在非卤代溶剂和非芳族溶剂中具有优良溶解度的晶态高分子共聚酯的制备及其在粘合剂中的用途。
背景技术
基于共聚酯的粘合剂由于其宽广的粘附范围和优良的机械特性特别是在粘合剂工业中有着各种各样的应用。尽管越来越多地采用熔体涂覆,但也大量需要可由溶液涂覆的粘合剂。从环境观点考虑,优选非卤代溶剂和不含芳族化合物的溶剂如甲基乙基酮和乙酸乙酯。该溶液通常通过将固体共聚酯颗粒溶于所需的溶剂中而制得,从经济角度考虑,该固含量应尽可能高。固含量越高,在制备粘合剂时需蒸发的溶剂越少。另一优点在于呈固态颗粒而不是以溶液运输和供货。
典型的应用是由塑料膜和/或金属膜制备适于柔性包装、印刷电子电路以及柔性扁形电缆(Flachkabel)的层压体和异型外壳。
非晶态共聚酯可较好地溶于非卤代溶剂中。但在玻璃化转变温度(Tg)低于30℃时,其不再可造粒,并仅可以难处理的板或块状排出。此外,因为其是表面粘性的,所以在板储存时必须配置分离膜,以避免阻塞。制成溶液前必须去除分离膜,这也是麻烦的。非晶态的低Tg共聚酯具有优良的粘附特性并使该粘合剂具有柔性。
晶态共聚酯虽可很好地造粒,但不溶于非卤代溶剂中。
在Degussa GmbH的供货计划“DYNAPOL S Copolyesters”中有将非晶态共聚酯和晶态共聚酯溶于典型的卤代溶剂和非卤代溶剂中的陈述。
JP 06184515中描述了一种饱和共聚酯,其由琥珀酸或已二酸、对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、乙二醇和环己烷二甲醇组成。该共聚酯仅溶于由50~90%甲苯和10~50%酮所组成的含高芳族化合物含量的混合物中。在一个实施例中,按DSC-方法测定的熔融焓为14.3J/g。在由80%甲苯和20%甲基乙基酮组成的混合物中的共聚酯的固含量为20%。
在JP 2003327676中描述了一种晶态共聚酯,其可由己二酸、对苯 二甲酸、六氢对苯二甲酸、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、环己烷二甲醇和1,2,4-苯三酸酐制得,并溶于溶剂如甲基乙基酮、环己酮、四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯与芳族溶剂优选二甲苯的混合物中。在一个实施方案中,该熔融焓为9J/g。分子量为25000。在80%甲苯和20%甲基乙基酮的混合物中的固含量为25%的溶液是稳定的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是研制一种晶态的高分子量聚酯,其至少以固含量为30%可溶于非卤代的和不含芳族化合物的溶剂如甲基乙基酮、乙酸乙酯和四氢呋喃中并同时具有可造粒的结晶性。该溶液应是储存稳定的,并在24小时内不发生胶凝。此外,该共聚酯应对各种基材特别是塑料和金属基底具有优良的粘附性。
令人意外地发现,由20~50摩尔%,优选30~45摩尔%的对苯二甲酸、20~50摩尔%,优选20~40摩尔%的间苯二甲酸和/或邻苯二甲酸、10~30摩尔%,优选15~25摩尔%的含9~20碳原子的直链状脂族二羧酸、1~20摩尔%,优选5~15摩尔%二聚脂肪酸和一种或多种二元醇组成的共聚酯是可造粒的且呈足够的晶态,并且其固含量至少为30重量%,优选30~35重量%,其可溶于非卤代溶剂和非芳族溶剂中,即一种由100重量%的固体和溶剂组成的溶液含至少30重量%,优选30~35重量%固体即共聚酯。为控制所需的固含量,称量相应的颗粒量到可封闭的玻璃瓶中,并用溶剂补足100重量份。该混合物在振动器或滚柱支架(Rollbock)上于25~50℃,优选35~50℃下溶解1~24小时,优选1~15小时。该溶液的制备例如也可在搅拌容器中进行。
本发明中的可造粒意指该共聚酯熔体可通过各种本领域技术人员已知的造粒方法如挤压造粒法(Stranggranulierung)、落滴造粒法、制成锭剂、断裂造粒法制成可散开的粒状固体。
视需要也可使用游离酸的可酯化衍生物如相应的低级烷基酯代替游离酸。
在特别的实施方案中,该芳族二羧酸对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸和/或邻苯二甲酸可通过支链多羧酸取代不超过5摩尔%,优选不超过2摩尔%。
优选是本发明的共聚酯的一种或多种二元醇选自90~100摩尔%,优选92~99摩尔%的一种或多种直链的脂族二元醇和最大不超过10摩 尔%,优选1~8摩尔%的一种或多种聚亚烷基二醇。
在特别的实施方案中,该直链的脂族二元醇可通过支链多元醇取代不超过5摩尔%,优选不超过2摩尔%。
适用的直链脂族二羧酸例如是壬二酸、癸二酸、十一碳二酸、十四碳二酸、十二碳二酸、十八碳二酸和它们的混合物。
通过不饱和脂肪酸的低聚所制备的通常的工业混合物称为二聚脂肪酸。通过分馏可分离出二聚物。作为原料可使用不饱和的C-12~C-22脂肪酸如油酸或亚油酸。该二聚脂肪酸优选含至少90%的二聚物含量。作为二聚脂肪酸特别可使用Uniqema公司的商品名为Pripol的出售产品、Oleon公司的商品名为Radiacid的出售产品、Arizona Chemical公司的商品名为Unidyme的出售产品、Cognis公司的商品名为Empol的出售产品。
支链多羧酸的实例是1,2,4-苯三酸酐和1,2,4,5-苯四酸酐。
直链脂族二元醇的实例例如是1,2-乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、1,12-十二烷二醇、2,2’-二甲基丙二醇、1,3-丁基乙基丙二醇、甲基丙二醇、甲基戊二醇和它们的混合物。
支链多元醇的实例是三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇和它们的混合物。
聚亚烷基二醇的实例是聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇和聚丁二醇和它们的混合物。所用的聚亚烷基二醇的摩尔质量应为400~2000g/mol。
非卤代溶剂和不含芳族化合物的溶剂的实例是甲基乙基酮、四氢呋喃、环己酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸丁酯和它们的混合物,优选为甲基乙基酮和/或乙酸乙酯。
本发明的特别优选的共聚酯具有下列组成:38~43摩尔%对苯二甲酸、25~30摩尔%间苯二甲酸、20~25摩尔%癸二酸、8~12摩尔%二聚脂肪酸,其中多羧酸的总和为100摩尔%,以及80~90摩尔%的1,4-丁二醇、10~20摩尔%的1,6-己二醇和最大不超过5摩尔%的分子量为1000g/mol的聚亚甲基二醇(Polymethylenglykol),其中二元醇的总和为100摩尔%。
晶态共聚酯特别是具有下列特性:摩尔质量(Mw)为25000~70000g/mol,优选40000~60000g/mol,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为0至-50℃,优选-10至-40℃,熔化温度(Tm)为30℃~110℃,优选40~90℃,熔融 焓(ΔHm)为1~20J/g,优选3~15J/g。
摩尔质量Mw是重均摩尔质量,其由凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)法测定。其表征按DIN 55672-1以四氢呋喃作洗脱液实现。单位为g/mol。
玻璃化转变温度、熔化温度和熔融焓按DSC-法DIN 53675(第一次加热)测定。加热速率为10℃/min。在熔化温度处得到最高峰。
本发明的共聚酯通过针对缩合(缩聚)反应所建立的技术制备。其可例如通过多元醇和多羧酸或其酯、酐或酰氯在100~280℃,优选150~270℃的惰性气氛下以熔体或以共沸运行方式经3~30小时缩合得到,如其描述于“Methoden der Organischen Chemie(Houben-Weyl)”,Bd14/2,1~5,21~23,40~44,Georg Thieme Verlag,Stuttgart,1963,作者C,R,Martens,Alkyl Resins,51~59,Reinhold Plastics Appl.,Series,Reinhold Publishing Comp.,New York,1961或者参见DE 2735497和DE 3004903中。典型的催化剂是有机钛化合物或有机锡化合物如钛酸四丁酯或二丁基氧化锡。可选地该共聚酯可不加或加有运行助剂或添加剂如抗氧化剂或结晶促进剂。
本发明的共聚酯具有优良的粘附值,并能非常好适用于粘合剂中的配剂和应用,特别是适用于电子应用如制备扁形电缆或印刷电路、包装和异型外壳中的粘合剂。其它应用领域是作为密封料及粘附助剂应用。
本发明的主题还在于提供含本发明共聚酯的粘合剂。本发明的粘合剂的优点为其是非常柔性的,具有小的体积收缩和对许多基材如木材、纸张、皮革、织物、纤维复合材料,特别是对塑料和金属基底,尤其是对PET和铜具有非常高的粘附性。
原则上可包括本领域技术人员已知的各类粘合剂,特别是含溶剂的粘合剂,更优选是其溶于甲基乙基酮和/或乙酸乙酯的粘合剂。
含溶剂的粘合剂中的本发明共聚酯的含量为1~40重量份,优选10~35重量份和非常特别优选30~35重量份。
该粘合剂除含本发明的共聚酯外还可含其它添加剂。作为添加剂的实例是聚合物如非晶态共聚酯、颜料或填料如滑石、二氧化硅、二氧化钛、炭黑和/或有色颜料,耐火剂如硼酸锌、多磷酸铵和/或氧化锑,交联剂如聚异氰酸酯和/或嵌段聚异氰酸酯和/或抗老化剂和助剂。
本发明的粘合剂特别适用于电子领域、建筑领域、汽车工业、包装工业、木材工业和家具工业、纺织工业、图形工业、制鞋业和窗户制造。
具体实施方式
理所当然的是,从上面描述出发,本领域技术人员可在其他领域利用上述内容。因此优选实施方案和实施例仅用于阐述,而决不是对公开内容的限制。下面将以实施例详述本发明。以类似方式可得出可供选择的实施方案。
实施例:
本发明聚酯的一般制备步骤
在12升的不锈钢反应器中加入1.72kg对苯二甲酸二甲基酯(0.38mol)、2.17kg 1,4-丁二醇(1.03mol)、0.64kg 1,6-己二醇(0.23mol)和0.60kg聚丁二醇(0.03mol)、4g钛酸四丁酯。
通过氮气排除空气后,在常压下加热,在内部温度为120~130℃时,接通搅拌器,直到达180℃的终点温度分离出塔顶温度为62~67℃的0.72升馏出物(主要是甲醇)。在塔的旁路管道(Umgehung)中得到另外的0.15升馏出物。之后冷却到160℃,对着强氮气流加入1.12kg间苯二甲酸、1.08kg癸二酸(0.23mol)、1.33kg二聚脂肪酸(0.20mol)和8g滑石,将温度调至190~200℃,并通过塔排出0.52升馏出物(主要是水)。然后将温度升到240℃,并同时施加真空。在240℃和低于1.5·10-3压力下搅拌。紧接着通过氮气消除真空,排出熔体并造粒。
实施例1:
38mol-%对苯二甲酸
29mol-%间苯二甲酸
23mol-%癸二酸
10mol-%二聚脂肪酸
80mol-%1,4-丁二醇
18mol-%1,6-己二醇
2mol-%聚丁二醇1000
分析数据:Mw 51700;Tg-35℃;Tm70℃;ΔHm9J/g
Mw=分子量,GPC-法(相对聚苯乙烯)
Tg=玻璃化转变温度,DSC-法
Tm=熔化温度,DSC-法
ΔHm=熔融焓,DSC-法
实施例2:
38mol-%对苯二甲酸
29mol-%间苯二甲酸
23mol-%癸二酸
10mol-%二聚脂肪酸
80mol-%1,4-丁二醇
18mol-%2.2’-二甲基丙二醇
2mol-%聚丁二醇1000
分析数据:Mw 52000;Tg -30℃;Tm50℃;ΔHm3J/g
实施例3:
38mol-%对苯二甲酸
29mol-%间苯二甲酸
23mol-%癸二酸
10mol-%二聚脂肪酸
80mol-%1,4-丁二醇
19mol-%1,6-己二醇
1mol-%聚丁二醇1000
分析数据:Mw 52700;Tg -28℃;Tm72℃;ΔHm9J/g
类似实施例1的对比例制备
对比例V1:
68mol-%对苯二甲酸
32mol-%壬二酸
50mol-%单乙二醇
50mol-%2,2’-二甲基丙二醇
分析数据:Mw 53200;Tg12℃;无熔融峰
该共聚脂是长期粘性的并不可造粒。
对比例V2:
50mol-%对苯二甲酸
50mol-%己二酸
100mol-%单乙二醇
分析数据:Mw 47900;Tg0℃;Tm120℃;ΔHm13J/g
溶解度检验
为制备溶液,称量6g共聚酯和14g溶剂加到30ml的可密闭玻璃瓶中。该混合物在配置有振动装置(Schütteleinsatz)的培育箱中于35℃溶解。在溶液冷却到室温后和溶液在室温下放置后立即按下列标示评定溶解度。
均匀溶液=++
不溶解颗粒=--
聚酯 | 1 | 2 | 3 | V1 | V2 | |
甲基乙基酮 | 立即 1天 1周 | ++ ++ ++ | ++ ++ ++ | ++ ++ ++ | ++ ++ ++ | -- -- -- |
乙酸乙酯 | 立即 1天 1周 | ++ ++ ++ | ++ ++ ++ | ++ ++ ++ | ++ ++ ++ | -- -- -- |
V1不可造粒
粘附性检验
用箱式刮板(Kastenrakel)将在MEK(对比例V2在二氯甲烷中)中 的30%共聚酯溶液以约70g/m2涂于待粘合的基材上。该溶剂在室温下排气30分钟和在60℃下再排气30分钟。去除溶剂后的涂覆重量约为20g/m2。在经涂覆的基材冷却到室温后,与第二块未经涂覆的基材在密封设备中于120℃和400N压力下在30秒内粘合。两天后从粘合的基材上切下15mm宽的条,用拉伸试验机以90°角度测定的剝离强度作为粘附性量度。最大力Fmax以N给出。
剥离强度Fmax(N)
基材 | 实施例 | 1 | 2 | 3 | V1 | V2 |
PET/PET | 17 | 23 | 22 | 14 | 15 | |
PET/Cu | 12 | 11 | 11 | 14 | 6 |
所用基材:
PET=Mylar膜,125μm厚
Cu=铜膜,未经涂覆,40μm厚。
Claims (11)
1.一种可造粒的晶态共聚酯,其由下列组分组成
20~50摩尔%的对苯二甲酸、
20~50摩尔%的间苯二甲酸和/或邻苯二甲酸、
10~30摩尔%的含9~20碳原子的直链的脂族二羧酸、
1~20摩尔%的二聚脂肪酸,和
一种或多种二元醇,
并且该晶态共聚酯的固含量至少为30重量%,其可溶于非卤代溶剂和非芳族溶剂中,
其中多羧酸的总和为100摩尔%。
2.权利要求1的晶态共聚酯,其特征在于,该晶态共聚物的固含量为30~35重量%。
3.权利要求1的晶态共聚酯,其特征在于,所述一种或多种二元醇选自90~100摩尔%的一种或多种直链的脂族二元醇和最大不超过10摩尔%的一种或多种聚亚烷基二醇,和其中二元醇的总和为100摩尔%。
4.权利要求1~3中任一项的晶态共聚酯,其特征在于,该共聚酯具有下列特性:摩尔质量Mw为25000~70000g/mol,玻璃化转变温度为0至-50℃,熔化温度为30~110℃,熔融焓为1~20J/g。
5.权利要求1~3中任一项的晶态共聚酯,其特征在于,使用壬二酸、癸二酸、十一碳二酸、十二碳二酸、十四碳二酸、十八碳二酸或它们的混合物作为直链脂族二羧酸。
6.权利要求3的晶态共聚酯,其特征在于,使用1,2-乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、1,12-十二烷二醇、2,2’-二甲基丙二醇、1,3-丁基乙基丙二醇、甲基丙二醇、甲基戊二醇或它们的混合物作为直链脂族二元醇。
7.权利要求3的晶态共聚酯,其特征在于,使用聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇或聚丁二醇或它们的混合物作为聚亚烷基二醇。
8.权利要求7的晶态共聚酯,其特征在于,所述聚亚烷基二醇的摩尔质量为400~2000g/mol。
9.权利要求1~8中一项的共聚酯在粘合剂中的用途。
10.权利要求1~8中一项的共聚酯在密封剂中和作为粘附助剂的用途。
11.一种粘合剂,含权利要求1~8中一项的共聚酯。
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- 2008-01-08 KR KR1020097015605A patent/KR101457239B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2008-01-08 US US12/523,069 patent/US8163843B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-01-08 DE DE502008002077T patent/DE502008002077D1/de active Active
- 2008-01-08 AT AT08701293T patent/ATE492582T1/de active
- 2008-01-08 AU AU2008209006A patent/AU2008209006A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-01-08 EP EP08701293A patent/EP2121800B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-01-08 WO PCT/EP2008/050119 patent/WO2008090015A1/de active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2009132000A (ru) | 2011-03-20 |
DE502008002077D1 (de) | 2011-02-03 |
RU2470039C2 (ru) | 2012-12-20 |
US8163843B2 (en) | 2012-04-24 |
CA2674746A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
AU2008209006A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
EP2121800A1 (de) | 2009-11-25 |
EP2121800B1 (de) | 2010-12-22 |
WO2008090015A1 (de) | 2008-07-31 |
DE102007004102A1 (de) | 2008-07-31 |
ATE492582T1 (de) | 2011-01-15 |
KR101457239B1 (ko) | 2014-10-31 |
US20100016543A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
CN101240060A (zh) | 2008-08-13 |
KR20090111823A (ko) | 2009-10-27 |
JP2010516847A (ja) | 2010-05-20 |
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