CN100500112C - Emulated ecological environment breeding method and device for giant salamander - Google Patents
Emulated ecological environment breeding method and device for giant salamander Download PDFInfo
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- CN100500112C CN100500112C CNB2005101072949A CN200510107294A CN100500112C CN 100500112 C CN100500112 C CN 100500112C CN B2005101072949 A CNB2005101072949 A CN B2005101072949A CN 200510107294 A CN200510107294 A CN 200510107294A CN 100500112 C CN100500112 C CN 100500112C
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- andrias davidianus
- davidianus blanchard
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The present invention relates to giant salamander aquiculture method and apparatus in simulated habitat. Giant salamander is hatched and cultured in a simulated habitat with proper natural geographic condition, overshadowed and water flowing environment established according to the characteristics of giant salamander in different growth stages, including oviposition, hatching, infant giant salamander, adult giant salamander, etc. During oviposition and hatching, spawning inducing medicine and hatching liquid in proper amount are adopted separately. The present invention is favorable to raising the propagation rate of giant salamander and promoting the growth of giant salamander.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic animal raising technology field, particularly a kind of Andrias davidianus Blanchard artificial incubation method and device.
Background technology
Andrias davidianus Blanchard is commonly called as Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), is a kind of Amphibian in period of Pangea before more than 300,000,000 5 thousand ten thousand years that originates from.Along with the drift of ancient land, the transition of geography and weather, natural selection and evolution, particularly ecological environment in the recent period change, and the conditions of existence is damaged, and Andrias davidianus Blanchard faces the situation of extinction.Therefore, accelerate development artificial breeding, save the great attention that the Andrias davidianus Blanchard species are subjected to country and society.The key link that Andrias davidianus Blanchard breeds is to improve breeding potential, and the key of raising breeding potential is fertilization and hatching.The characteristics of Andrias davidianus Blanchard breeding are that rate of fertilization is low, and the incubation period is long, and to water quality, water temperature and illuminance conditional request height.Under natural environmental condition, the rate of fertilization that Andrias davidianus Blanchard lays eggs has only 1～3%, and incubation rate is less than 10%.Since nineteen ninety-six, each giant salamander culture field is progressively promoted and has been adopted artificial culture technology, and good action has been brought into play in the expansion of Andrias davidianus Blanchard population.And existing Andrias davidianus Blanchard artificial cultivating method is cumbersome, mainly is that the bookkeeping difficulty is big, be difficult for grasping, and also the facility complexity, need investment many, limited by geographical environment, be difficult for promoting.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can improve Andrias davidianus Blanchard breeding, rate of growth, Andrias davidianus Blanchard emulated ecological environment breeding method and device thereof that operation management is simple and easy to do.
Realize that the technical scheme that purpose of the present invention is taked is: the Andrias davidianus Blanchard emulated ecological environment breeding method comprises following step:
(1) artificial induced spawning of Andrias davidianus Blanchard: female salamander of the parent of selective maturation and male salamander carry out the gonadal hormone injection and hasten parturition, by close salamander body weight compounding pharmaceutical, chorionic-gonadotropin hormone with per kilogram 1000～2000 units mixes with the short corpus luteum generation of 30～50 micrograms liberin, add the dilution of 0.4～0.9 ml sterile water, after inserting needle injection between the posterior dorsal costal groove of the close salamander of maturation, female salamander can begin to lay eggs at the 5th day respectively;
(2) artificial fertilization of Andrias davidianus Blanchard: the female salamander that will lay eggs catches out with black cloth muffles head, is placed on gently on the workbench, will mention slightly on the salamander Caudad then, catches the chalaza gently to draw downwards or outwards with hands, allows the chalaza slowly fall into and contains the ovum basin; Male salamander is caught after taking out immediately in the chalaza, under half-light or low-light, squeeze and get sperm and be placed on the ovum, and stir slightly, add then water a little, two hand rest basins shake gently, make the abundant combination of smart ovum, in containing the ovum basin, add proper amount of clear water after ten minutes, excessively after 30 minutes, water in the basin is changed twice, add artemia hatching solution and can divide basin to hatch, artemia hatching solution is added 450 milliliters of dilutions of sterilized water and is formed by streptomycin 4～80,000 units, penicillin 4～80,000 units, 40～60 milligrams of mixing of avian albumen;
(3) artificial incubation of Andrias davidianus Blanchard: selecting germ cell and dividing in the hatching basin of packing into, hanging in the hatchery, half immerses in water to make the hatching basin, and the Andrias davidianus Blanchard incubating oosperm requires to shelter from heat or light, carry out under the environment of shading and perennial draingage having, and through 33～40 days, can finish hatching;
(4) artificial feeding of young salamander: young salamander must be placed in the very slick young salamander of the inwall pond and feed, young salamander pond answers that emulated ecological environment shelters from heat or light, shading, perennial draingage is arranged, after young salamander was through 28～30 days, absorption of yolk at its finishes, the active initial feeding, the beginning feeding is fed, and can put into young salamander pond about six months and feed;
(5) artificial feeding of young salamander and one-tenth salamander: young salamander and one-tenth salamander all are placed in the salamander pond that possesses perennial draingage, and can adopt the nursing of sheltering from heat or light or partly shelter from heat or light, but must divide the pond to feed, to avoid occurring the strong bullies the weak, similar phenomenon of eating.
In the present invention, realize the device of Andrias davidianus Blanchard emulated ecological environment breeding method, comprise Andrias davidianus Blanchard artificial incubation pond, young salamander pond, young salamander pond and become the salamander pond, each pond all be located at natural grade free of contamination river course, upstream dike outward nearby, be provided with the overflow pipe of footpath and control water level in the pond, shade has been built at the top.Wherein, Andrias davidianus Blanchard artificial incubation pond comprises hatchery and hatching basin, and the top, hatchery is provided with the hanging beam that is used to lift the hatching basin.The hatching basin requires inner wall smooth, adopts circle or non-circular shape, and its bottom and periphery are laid with the permeable or air-vent of diameter less than the salamander ovum, and top is provided with the basin lid.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: one, described method and the drug dose of hastening parturition can be held the time that Andrias davidianus Blanchard lays eggs, and the quality height of laying eggs, thereby can improve the survival rate of rate of fertilization, incubation rate and the young salamander of salamander ovum, the young salamander body constitution stalwartness of output, growth is fast; They are two years old, after the salamander feritilization of ovum, use artemia hatching solution, and the perennial draingage by the hatchery, the hatching basin with holes and the method that combines of sheltering from heat or light are hatched, and utilize natural environment to guarantee that effectively the water quality water temperature is constant within required condition and range, need not manually to change water continually, stir the salamander ovum, also can effectively avoid fish molds and paste the shell phenomenon taking place, and the incubation rate of Andrias davidianus Blanchard is brought up to more than 90%; Its three, young salamander, young salamander, become the salamander emulated ecological environment to feed, by shelter from heat or light, the construction of perennial draingage environment, help preventing the various diseases of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, promote the quick growth of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, can reach the speed of growth that annual body weight is doubled, save a large amount of management work simultaneously; Its four, the emulated ecological environment breeding method facility is simple, easy and simple to handle, small investment, and not limited by geographical environment, is easy to promote.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the horizontal layout sketch map that the present invention cultures the pond;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation in Andrias davidianus Blanchard artificial incubation of the present invention pond.
The specific embodiment
Andrias davidianus Blanchard emulated ecological environment breeding method of the present invention can be divided into artificial induced spawning, artificial fertilization, the ecological environment hatching intended by the salamander ootypus and young salamander, young salamander and the emulated ecological environment that becomes salamander are fed six stages, and implementation step is as follows:
(1) artificial induced spawning of Andrias davidianus Blanchard:
A) selective maturation parent: abdominal part expands, and touches its postabdomen with have gentle hands, has the full soft and female salamander high resilience sense can make female parent; The muscle protuberance is outstanding around the cloacal aperture, and red and swollen tangible male salamander can make male parent;
B) gonadal hormone oxytocic drug: after ripe parent salamander is selected,, generates liberin with the short corpus luteum of chorionic-gonadotropin hormone and 30～50 micrograms of per kilogram 1000～2000 ius and mixes by Andrias davidianus Blanchard body weight compounding pharmaceutical, standby after adding 450 ml sterile waters and diluting;
C) injectable drug is hastened parturition: with the oxytocic drug inserting needle injection between the posterior dorsal costal groove of ripe Andrias davidianus Blanchard respectively of preparation, the activity in the 3rd, the 4th day after close salamander is hastened parturition is more frequent, some anxious making an uproar of disposition, and the 5th day begins to lay eggs.
(2) artificial fertilization of Andrias davidianus Blanchard:
A) prepare to contain the ovum basin: get the basin of an inner wall smooth, clean up and strict sterilization, dry;
B) access the salamander ovum: when finding a bit of chalaza of female salamander output, from water, it is caught out immediately and put into the cloth stretcher gently, muffle its head with black cloth, a human hands will be mentioned on the Caudad slightly then, another staff end is contained the ovum basin, or female salamander stood up carry on the back down tripe and catch the chalaza gently to draw downwards or outwards with hands up, allow ovum slowly fall into basin;
C) artificial fertilization: will catch the movable more intense sperm of the crowded microscopy of learning from else's experience of male salamander after take out in the chalaza immediately and be placed on the ovum, and stir slightly, add then water a little, two hand rest basins shake gently, make the abundant combination of smart ovum, add an amount of clear water after ten minutes, after 30 minutes, after water changes twice in the basin, add artemia hatching solution, can divide basin to hatch.
(3) emulated ecological environment hatching and hatchery: (referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2)
A) build the hatchery: selection has the dike in the free of contamination river course 7, upstream of natural grade to dig hatchery 1 outward nearby, dark 1.5～2 meters of pond, this hatchery 1 is dual-purpose, the hatching tempus intercalare is as close salamander pond, be provided with the footpath 10 and the close salamander nest that are used for work in the pond, and be provided with one or more overflow pipes 5 of control water level, pool wall and footpath 10 are all built the jail and are warded off flat with cement mortar and brick or stone, burying overflow pipe 5 in the pond underground passes to outside the pond in nearby the gutter 6, shade is built at the top of hatchery 1, be lifted with hatching basin 8 by hanging beam 9 in the pond, the bottom of this basin and periphery are provided with permeable hole and air-vent.
B) select germ cell: after water contacted, the cell membrane of ossphere was that protozoa begins extremely concentrated to ossphere, forms white medicated cap shape embryo, at this moment the ossphere direction of in water, halting, blastodisc upwards, yolk is downward is germ cell, otherwise be non-germ cell, non-germ cell is rejected, select germ cell;
C) basin hatching: the germ cell of selecting is respectively charged into hatching basin 8, hang in the hatchery 1, make in hatching basin 8 half immersion water, spring water is constantly upwards oozed at 1 end of hatchery, when water level surpasses overflow pipe 5, then can discharge automatically, promptly form continuous perennial draingage, through 33～40 days, hatching is finished, and is young salamander.
(4) emulated ecological environment of young salamander is fed and young salamander pond:
(5) emulated ecological environment of young salamander, one-tenth salamander is fed and the salamander pond:
Build outward nearby with the dike that becomes salamander pond 4 to be chosen in the free of contamination river course 7, upstream of natural grade equally in children salamander pond 3, wall is built by laying bricks or stones with stone, it is floating that light is warded off with cement mortar in the surface, bury overflow pipe 5 in the pond underground, pass in the gutter 6 nearby, the mat shelter that partly shelters from heat or light also can be built in the neighboring, pond, constantly oozes spring water at the bottom of the pond, when water level surpasses overflow pipe 5, then can discharge automatically, promptly form continuous perennial draingage.The nursing of children salamander through about 1 year grows up to, and promptly relays in the salamander pond 4 and feeds.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of Andrias davidianus Blanchard emulated ecological environment breeding method, it is characterized in that: this method comprises following step:
(1) artificial induced spawning of Andrias davidianus Blanchard: female salamander of the parent of selective maturation and male salamander carry out the gonadal hormone injection and hasten parturition, by close salamander body weight compounding pharmaceutical, chorionic-gonadotropin hormone with per kilogram 1000～2000 units mixes with the short corpus luteum generation of 30～50 micrograms liberin, add the dilution of 0.4～0.9 ml sterile water, inserting needle injection between the posterior dorsal costal groove of the close salamander of maturation respectively;
(2) artificial fertilization of Andrias davidianus Blanchard: the female salamander that will lay eggs catches out with black cloth muffles head, is placed on gently on the workbench, will mention slightly on the salamander Caudad then, catches the chalaza gently to draw downwards or outwards with hands, allows the chalaza slowly fall into and contains the ovum basin; Male salamander is caught after taking out immediately in the chalaza, the crowded sperm of getting is placed on the ovum and stirring slightly under half-light or low-light, add then water a little, two hand rest basins shake gently, make the abundant combination of smart ovum, in containing the ovum basin, add proper amount of clear water after ten minutes, excessively after 30 minutes, water in the basin is changed twice, add artemia hatching solution and can divide basin to hatch.
(3) artificial incubation of Andrias davidianus Blanchard: selecting germ cell and dividing in the hatching basin of packing into, hanging in the hatchery, half immerses in water to make the hatching basin, and the Andrias davidianus Blanchard incubating oosperm requires to shelter from heat or light, carry out under the environment of shading and perennial draingage having, and through 33～40 days, can finish hatching.
(4) artificial feeding of young salamander: young salamander must be placed in the very slick young salamander of the inwall pond and feed, young salamander pond answers that emulated ecological environment shelters from heat or light, shading, perennial draingage is arranged, after young salamander was through 28～30 days, the beginning feeding was fed, and can put into young salamander pond about six months and feed;
(5) artificial feeding of young salamander and one-tenth salamander: young salamander and one-tenth salamander all are placed in the salamander pond that possesses perennial draingage, and can adopt the nursing of sheltering from heat or light or partly shelter from heat or light, but must divide the pond to feed.
2, Andrias davidianus Blanchard emulated ecological environment breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: artemia hatching solution is added 450 milliliters of dilutions of sterilized water and is formed by streptomycin 4～80,000 units, penicillin 4～80,000 units, 40～60 milligrams of mixing of avian albumen.
3, realize the device of the described Andrias davidianus Blanchard emulated ecological environment breeding method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this device comprises Andrias davidianus Blanchard artificial incubation pond [1], young salamander pond [2], young salamander pond [3] and becomes salamander pond [4], each pond all be located at natural grade free of contamination river course, upstream [7] dike outward nearby, be provided with the overflow pipe [5] of footpath [10] and control water level in the pond, shade has been built at the top.
4, the device of Andrias davidianus Blanchard emulated ecological environment breeding method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Andrias davidianus Blanchard artificial incubation pond comprises hatchery [1] and hatching basin [8], and top, hatchery [1] is provided with the hanging beam [9] that is used for lifting hatching basin [8].
5, the device of Andrias davidianus Blanchard emulated ecological environment breeding method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: hatching basin [8] inner wall smooth, be circle or non-circular shape, its bottom and periphery are laid with the permeable or air-vent of diameter less than the salamander ovum, and top is provided with the basin lid.
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| CNB2005101072949A CN100500112C (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2005-12-20 | Emulated ecological environment breeding method and device for giant salamander |
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| CNB2005101072949A CN100500112C (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2005-12-20 | Emulated ecological environment breeding method and device for giant salamander |
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| CN1788696A CN1788696A (en) | 2006-06-21 |
| CN100500112C true CN100500112C (en) | 2009-06-17 |
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Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100506033C (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-07-01 | 南郑县秦岭大鲵养殖有限责任公司 | Bionics artificial reproduction method of large salamander |
| CN101933492A (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2011-01-05 | 梁永金 | Method for artificially fertilizing giant salamander |
| CN102763623A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-07 | 句容市龙泉大鲵繁殖中心 | Culture pond for marketable giant salamanders |
| CN102812922A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2012-12-12 | 剑河县敏洞乡圭柳溪大鲵驯养繁殖开发有限责任公司 | Giant salamander cultivation method |
| CN102919198B (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-06-11 | 任旭平 | Bionic artificial culture system for giant salamanders |
| CN103238563A (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2013-08-14 | 赵道全 | Method for promoting female and male parent giant salamanders to synchronously mature |
| CN103493781A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-08 | 无为县清源特种水产养殖专业合作社 | Giant salamander breeding facility |
| CN103535321A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-29 | 无为县清源特种水产养殖专业合作社 | Large-scale giant salamander aquaculture facility |
| CN103493783B (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2016-01-13 | 梅县海霞水产品有限公司 | A kind of method improving ovum quality of giant salamander parent |
| CN104012465A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-09-03 | 毕节学院 | Method for efficiently incubating andrias davidianus embryos |
| CN104813984B (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-05-24 | 西南大学 | Method for improving fertility rate of andrias davidianus |
| CN105145482A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-16 | 贵州省东方大鲵有限公司 | Andrias male and female natural pairing imitative ecological efficient breeding method |
| CN109601444B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2021-03-09 | 中国三峡建设管理有限公司 | Improve bionical attitude pond of laying viscidity ovum fish breed |
| CN110622917B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2023-05-02 | 长阳黎维大鲵养殖有限公司 | Device suitable for giant salamander active predatory drug capsules and application method |
-
2005
- 2005-12-20 CN CNB2005101072949A patent/CN100500112C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 中国大鲵人工繁育及药用价值的研究概况. 侯进慧，朱必才，董玉玮.水产养殖，第26卷第6期. 2004 |
| 中国大鲵人工繁育及药用价值的研究概况. 侯进慧，朱必才，董玉玮.水产养殖，第26卷第6期. 2004 * |
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