CN102919198B - Bionic artificial culture system for giant salamanders - Google Patents
Bionic artificial culture system for giant salamanders Download PDFInfo
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- CN102919198B CN102919198B CN201210459437.2A CN201210459437A CN102919198B CN 102919198 B CN102919198 B CN 102919198B CN 201210459437 A CN201210459437 A CN 201210459437A CN 102919198 B CN102919198 B CN 102919198B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bionic artificial culture system for giant salamanders, which comprises a water pool where natural flow passes through. The water pool is a culture pool which is artificially built with holes and sunlight areas. The sunlight areas of the water pool are not shielded. The holes of the water pool are formed by the water pool and the cover plates on the upper part of the water pool. The cover plates are provided with 1-3 cm wide slits which are through up and down. Grooves formed by bricks built along the edges of the cover plate are arranged on the cover plates. The grooves are filled with and planted with trees. Plant fibrils extend into the water pool through the slits which are through up and down to form a fibril water curtain. Groups of culture water pools are transversely or vertically arranged and connected. The living environment of giant salamanders is simulated in the wild condition according to growth and culture characteristics of giant salamanders, the culture environment is adequately adjusted by natural conditions, the bionic effect is good, and the survival yield, the growth speed, the culture cost and the high quality rate of the giant salamanders are superior to those of the giant salamander in other culture environments.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, especially belong to giant salamander culture artificial bionic state Environment Design and construction, particularly a kind of giant salamander Ecology is propagated system artificially.
Background technology
Giant salamander (Andrias davidianus), is commonly called as the giant salamander, belongs to Amphibia Amphibia, has tail Caudata, cryptobranchid suborder Cryptobranchoidea, and Cryptobranchidae Cryptobrachidae, giant salamander belongs to Andrias.Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus original producton location natural distribution mainly concentrates on the four large regions of China: comprise the ground such as Hunan, Jiangxi, Hubei, Anhui, Shaanxi, Guizhou and Sichuan.
Giant salamander has higher medical value and edibility, has become one of improved seeds of efficient cultivation in aquaculture.
Medical value: the medical value of giant salamander, on the books in Compendium of Material Medica.According to current clinical medicine observe, to anaemia, cholera, dysentery, epilepsy and blood through etc. disease all have significant curative effect.Giant salamander has effect of enriching yin and nourishing kidney, strong, the promoting the circulation of qi of enriching blood.According to related documents: can extract the thing that the most effectively gives protection against cancer from giant salamander human body.Among the peoplely often mix tung oil treatment with the skin powder of giant salamander and scald.Giant salamander skin, stomach, tail, blood, fat and glandular secretion liquid in addition, all there is higher medicine and health care to be worth, be described as " ginseng in water " and " soft gold " by expert, the extremely consumer's of China and foreign countries favor, it is the high added value commodity of China's tradition foreign exchange earning always.
Edibility: Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas(Blanchard) delicious is a kind of famous and precious delicacies.On the market in the various countries such as Hong-Kong, Taiwan and Southeast Asia, Japan and area, be regarded as rare famous and precious invigorant, human body qi-restoratives is had to special effect.In the protein of giant salamander muscle, contain according to one's analysis 17 seed amino acids, wherein 8 kinds is the necessary amino acid of human body, must amino acid content be wherein 39.69%.
Economic worth is high, and at cuisines, health care, medicine, the aspect such as view and admire and all have the prospect that extensive exploitation utilizes, thereby Po Shou various circles of society pay close attention to.Because giant salamander can be used as the reason such as Chinese medicine, high-grade food, once once there is the phenomenon that illegally carries on trade, in addition food reflux be cut off, the reason such as environmental pollution, the quantity of giant salamander sharply reduces, and has now been listed in national secondary in imminent danger and has laid special stress on protecting animal.
Propagating artificially always of giant salamander comes into one's own, to its breed, the research in each field such as feed, raising all constantly deeply carrying out, because giant salamander growth is high to environmental requirement, along with the expansion of raising scale, require the Ecology of its self-sow environment of simulation to propagate system artificially also in constantly exploration and research are carried out, its self-sow Environmental Technology is raised and train and simulated in the artificial propagation of giant salamander is a Pinch technology difficult problem that affects China's giant salamander production development always, does not better solve for many years.
Summary of the invention
The giant salamander Ecology that the present invention has designed applicable giant salamander Breeding and rearing and healthy Fast Growth according to the biological property rule of giant salamander is propagated system artificially.The problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of giant salamander Ecology and propagates system artificially, the construction of system breeding pool is provided and uses structure.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Giant salamander Ecology is propagated system artificially, include the pond that natural flows passes through, it is characterized in that: described pond is the artificial constructed breeding pool that has cave and sunlight district, the sunlight district in pond is naked, the cave in pond is formed by pond and top, pond cover plate, and cover plate has 1-3 centimetre of wide gap of up/down perforation, on cover plate, be along side edge thereof build a wall form groove, in groove, banketing and planting is implanted with trees, and Tree root gos deep into pond by the gap of cover plate up/down perforation and forms fibrous root cascade.
On described sunlight district periphery, have multiple caves, multiple caves of sunlight district and periphery form one group of breeding pool.Preferred described sunlight district periphery opposite end respectively has a cave, and two caves of sunlight district and opposite end form one group of breeding pool.
Described cultivating system forms side by side by array breeding pool is parallel, between every group of breeding pool, to separate the underwater part of wall be the permeable partition wall that only allows current to pass through to sunlight, natural flows is flowed out by parallel one end breeding pool inflow, other end breeding pool arranged side by side, and permeable partition wall bottom has the giant salamander of permission to pass through and passage to be opened/closed.
Described fibrous root cascade is arranged at least two row's fibrous root cascades to inside, cave by cave collar extension.
The trees of planting on described cover plate are the medicinal plants that have disease-proof functions.
The degree of depth in described breeding pool cave is 1-4 rice, cave mouth width 1-4 rice, cave height 0.5-1.8 rice.Breeding pool sunlight sector width is all 1-4 rice, length 4-10 rice mutually with cave mouth width.When parallel array breeding pool arranged side by side composition cultivating system, the length in overall sunlight district can reach 100 meters.
Described breeding pool can also transversely arranged connection combination.
Giant salamander photophobia is liked dark environment, cold water, property are liked and lived in caves, hide by day and come out at night, like shining sunlight mating season below to like 25 DEG C.According to These characteristics, the artificial cultivating system of the present invention pond is set to the cave of cover plate and can directly accepts the sunlight district that natural sunlight irradiates, and giant salamander can freely move about in cave and sunlight interval; Cave arranges cover plate by pond and forms, in order further to increase heat insulation, soundproof effect, on the cover board banket and planting plants, on the cover board be reserved with 1-3 centimetre of wide gap of up/down perforation, planting plants fibrous root gos deep into the cave water surface through cover plate gap and forms fibrous root cascade, fibrous root cascade can reach the anti-water freezing of Winter protection and freeze, and cooling in summer is nice and cool, keep high humility and lucifuge effect, plant fibrous root to grow in giant salamander cavern water or the giant salamander essential condition that band and ovum hatch naturally of laying eggs; If planting plants is the plant with pharmacologic action, can also there is diseases prevention and the resistant effect of natural, ecological, fibrous root cascade is above best with two rows, has good moisturizing and lucifuge effect.
According to giant salamander growth, cultivation feature, breeding pool adopts flowing water culture, to on sunlight district periphery, multiple caves be set, multiple caves of sunlight district and periphery form one group of breeding pool, conventionally preferably periphery opposite end arranges two caves, and two caves of sunlight district and opposite end form one group of breeding pool; Need any partition wall foot passage that opens and closes between sunlight district and multiple cave to form one group of breeding pool according to giant salamander growing stage difference and breeding pairing.In order to save soil, intensive culture, adapt to again the cultivation needs of different times simultaneously, cultivating system can form side by side by array breeding pool is parallel, between every group of breeding pool, to separate the underwater part of wall be the permeable partition wall that only allows current to pass through to sunlight, natural flows is flowed out by parallel one end breeding pool inflow, other end breeding pool arranged side by side, the hole that can open and close by door-plate is arranged at permeable partition wall bottom, and hole to be opened/closed needs to open and close to facilitate giant salamander to free in and out according to cultivation exchanges visits and facilitates male and female giant salamander to get close to mating.
Breeding pool can be parallel taking group as unit side by side, can also be transversely arranged, can be circular, polygon or square etc. according to physical features feature difference, high one end, one end, overall culture zone is low has the suitable gradient to be convenient to drainage clean management.
The present invention simulates the giant salamander living environment of wild condition according to giant salamander growth, cultivation feature, make full use of natural conditions and regulate breeding environment, bionical respond well, giant salamander culture survival rate, growth rate, aquaculture cost and the giant salamander factor of merit are all better than other breeding environments of same region.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is three groups of breeding pool perspective view of cultivating system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the parallel breeding pool bottom surface structure schematic diagram arranged side by side of the many groups of cultivating system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the parallel breeding pool cover plate face structural representation arranged side by side of the many groups of cultivating system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is one group of breeding pool cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the transversely arranged two groups of breeding pool cross-sectional structure schematic diagrames of the present invention.
In figure, the 1st, cave, 1a is cover plate gap, and 1b is cave partition wall, and 1c is that sunlight separates wall, the 2nd, sunlight district, the 3rd, banket, the 4th, plant, the 5th, the water surface, the 6th, fibrous root cascade, the 7th, water inlet, the 8th, delivery port.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is conducted further description; the present embodiment is only for being further detailed the present invention; but can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment belongs to the scope of protection of the invention according to the content of the invention described above.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, as shown in the figure.
Giant salamander Ecology is propagated system artificially, include the pond that natural flows passes through, pond is the artificial constructed breeding pool that has cave and sunlight district, the sunlight district in pond is naked, the cave in pond is formed by pond and top, pond cover plate, and cover plate has 1-3 centimetre of wide gap of up/down perforation, on cover plate, be along side edge thereof build a wall form groove, in groove, banketing and planting is implanted with trees, and Tree root gos deep into pond by the gap of cover plate up/down perforation and forms fibrous root cascade.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, Ben Li sunlight district opposite end respectively has two caves, and two caves of sunlight district and opposite end form one group of breeding pool.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, this routine cultivating system forms side by side by array breeding pool is parallel, between every group of breeding pool, to separate the underwater part of wall be the permeable partition wall that only allows current to pass through to sunlight, natural flows is flowed out by parallel one end breeding pool inflow, other end breeding pool arranged side by side, and the hole that can open and close by door-plate is arranged at permeable partition wall bottom.
Fibrous root cascade is arranged at least two row's fibrous root cascades to inside, cave by cave collar extension.
The trees of planting on cover plate are the medicinal plants that have disease-proof functions.
The degree of depth in breeding pool cave is 1-4 rice, cave mouth width 1-4 rice, cave height 0.5-1.8 rice.Breeding pool sunlight sector width is all 1-4 rice, length 4-10 rice mutually with cave mouth width.When parallel array breeding pool arranged side by side composition cultivating system, the length in overall sunlight district can reach 100 meters.
Like dark environment according to giant salamander photophobia, like 25 DEG C of following cold water, property happiness is lived in caves, hide by day and come out at night, like shining the feature of sunlight mating season, it can be circular that the place that in practical application, giant salamander is raised and train breeding farm is selected according to physical features feature difference, polygon or square etc., first levelling of the land is become to high one end, one end is low has the suitable gradient to be convenient to from now on drainage clean management, plant's pond surrounding and pond internal cavity body of wall are designed to bearing wall, adopt wide base shallow embedding to be convenient to load-bearing, body of wall is built sternly with fully loaded the enriching of cement mortar, build height 0.5-1.8 rice, inside and outside body of wall, smearing water mortar becomes the guarantee of light face water-tight, and play and prevent giant salamander and feed the bait effect of runing away, building as face-to-face bi-directional arrangement or unidirectional array of giant salamander cave, central authorities tunnel region is that giant salamander is shone sunlight district this is the key that promotes giant salamander Fast Growth and breeding, also be that corridor district is observed in feeding and management simultaneously, it is water-tight that ground adopts cement concrete ground to ensure.Water inlet is that sand-pebble filtration square groove plays filter cleaning water body and regulates the effect of water speed.Sewage draining exit is equipped with the anti-double-edged fine-toothed comb measure of escaping;
Be 1-4 rice according to the degree of depth in site condition and the raising scale design artificial cave of giant salamander, cave mouth width 1-4 rice, height 0.5-1.8 rice, management and the diseases prevention be convenient to giant salamander are observed;
Build cement pre-fabricated panel on pond, giant salamander Breeding and rearing field and cave bearing wall bonnet, ensure that between cement plate, width has 1-3 centimetre of gap, play banket the above from now on medicinal material root system of plant of plantation of guarantee and enter water body formation vegetable drug fibrous root cascade giant salamander cave in through cement plate gap, reaching the anti-water freezing of Winter protection freezes, cooling in summer is nice and cool, keep high humility and lucifuge effect, plant fibrous root to grow in giant salamander cavern water or giant salamander lays eggs that band and ovum hatch naturally must tool condition.Partition wall is built in centre, partition wall epimere is not plastered as dry wall with cement mortar trowel finish hypomere half wall, guarantee smoothly permeable and avoid giant salamander to cross, partition wall bottom is left and is convenient to the hole that giant salamander frees in and out exchanging visit and facilitates male and female giant salamander to get close to mating, while needs, cut off and block with floor tile, be the hive off raising and avoid gobbling little phenomenon of the giant salamander that plays isolation different size order; Kind salamander after isolation is laid eggs avoids the hatching that affects ovum to grow.Covered after cement pre-fabricated panel, upwards more than corresponding cement plate built in giant salamander field pond surrounding and cave load bearing wall the groove body of wall that bankets, on the mouth cement plate of cave, laid bricks and lift sky, dress earth wall is built height 0.4-1.5 rice thickness.
Build to fill and fill out earth after soil box and plant the medicinal material plant of shading, form artificial cave below, ensure that in cave, giant salamander Breeding and rearing place, temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, the tall and big salamander of outer surface temperature out eats food vigorous, and breeding is active, feels nice and cool and has a rest in complete laggard hole.Keep reaching scorching hot sun and do not get the earth guarantee giant salamander object that cool and comfortable is had a rest in artificial cave to plant, when giant salamander oneself needs, just out shine sunlight, while needs, go back to cave and have a rest.
The wet curtain of vegetable drug root growth plays diseases prevention, the anti-water freezing of Winter protection freezes, and cooling in summer is nice and cool, and also having a large amount of earthworms to fall becomes the effect of bait.
Claims (7)
1. giant salamander Ecology is propagated system artificially, include the pond that natural flows passes through, it is characterized in that: described pond is the artificial constructed breeding pool that has cave and sunlight district, the sunlight district in pond is naked, the cave in pond is formed by pond and top, pond cover plate, and cover plate has 1-3 centimetre of wide gap of up/down perforation, on cover plate, be along side edge thereof build a wall form groove, in groove, banketing and planting is implanted with trees, and Tree root gos deep into pond by the gap of cover plate up/down perforation and forms fibrous root cascade; Fibrous root cascade arranges at least two rows by cave collar extension to inside, cave.
2. giant salamander Ecology according to claim 1 is propagated system artificially, it is characterized in that: on described sunlight district periphery, have multiple caves, multiple caves of sunlight district and periphery form one group of breeding pool.
3. giant salamander Ecology according to claim 2 is propagated system artificially, it is characterized in that: described sunlight district periphery opposite end respectively has a cave, and two caves of sunlight district and opposite end form one group of breeding pool.
4. giant salamander Ecology according to claim 3 is propagated system artificially, it is characterized in that: described cultivating system forms side by side by array breeding pool is parallel, between every group of breeding pool, to separate the underwater part of wall be the permeable partition wall that only allows current to pass through to sunlight, natural flows is flowed out by parallel one end breeding pool inflow, other end breeding pool arranged side by side, and permeable partition wall bottom has the giant salamander of permission to pass through and passage to be opened/closed.
5. propagate system artificially according to the giant salamander Ecology described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: the trees of planting on described cover plate are the medicinal plants that have disease-proof functions.
6. propagate system artificially according to the giant salamander Ecology described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: the degree of depth in described breeding pool cave is 1-4 rice, cave mouth width 1-4 rice, cave height 0.5-1.8 rice.
7. propagate system artificially according to the giant salamander Ecology described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: described breeding pool sunlight sector width 1-4 rice, length 4-10 rice.
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105145482A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-16 | 贵州省东方大鲵有限公司 | Andrias male and female natural pairing imitative ecological efficient breeding method |
| CN108541534B (en) * | 2018-04-14 | 2020-03-27 | 张家界水神生态种养专业合作社 | Ecological planting and breeding method for paddy salamanders for preventing and treating insect pests by flooding in field and pond |
| CN108935324A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-07 | 杨长明 | Ecological culture pond and cultural method outside giant salamander room |
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| JP2607430B2 (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1997-05-07 | 共和コンクリート工業株式会社 | Fish spawning equipment |
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