CN101946737B - Method for inducing spawning of parent Solen grandis and collecting fertilized eggs - Google Patents
Method for inducing spawning of parent Solen grandis and collecting fertilized eggs Download PDFInfo
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- CN101946737B CN101946737B CN2010102781500A CN201010278150A CN101946737B CN 101946737 B CN101946737 B CN 101946737B CN 2010102781500 A CN2010102781500 A CN 2010102781500A CN 201010278150 A CN201010278150 A CN 201010278150A CN 101946737 B CN101946737 B CN 101946737B
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- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 241000383405 Solen grandis Species 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000004907 Glands Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 241000237540 Ensis minor Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000206751 Chrysophyceae Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000004681 Ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001568 sexual Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004083 survival Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001488 breeding Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004392 Genitalia Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001501873 Isochrysis galbana Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000020639 clam Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000026109 gonad development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000003641 Citrus maxima Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000001513 Elbow Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 241001572175 Gaza Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 1
- 101700050571 SUOX Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001339782 Scapharca broughtonii Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000366 juvenile Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000225 lethality Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004899 motility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for inducing the spawning of the parent Solen grandis and collecting fertilized eggs. The method comprises the following steps: the parent Solen grandis which has smooth surface of shells, no mechanical damage on feet and appearance, healthy body and high activity and also has the 8-11cm length of shells is collected to perform maturation and temporary cultivation in an induced spawning pond; when the meat condition of the parent Solen grandis is up to more than 85% and the genital gland is dissected to find that sperms/eggs can flow by gravity, the induced spawning can be performed, the liquid Isochrysis galbana extract is used to cover the entire bottom surface of the pond in the induced spawning process to stimulate the parent Solen grandis for 20-25min; when spawning is performed and the density of fertilized eggs in the induced spawning pond is up to 10-15 per milliliter, and the siphon principle is utilized to fast move the fertilized eggs to a culture pond to culture. The method of the invention has the advantages that the utilization rate of the parent Solen grandis is high, the induced spawning effect is good, the fertilized eggs are convenient and fast to collect, the fertilization rate is up to 72%, the breeding survival rate is high, etc. Only a small number of parent oysters can be used so as to obtain enough fertilized eggs for artificial breeding, thus the method has good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to razor shell parent shellfish artificial induced spawning and culture the field, the method that particularly a kind of razor shell parent shellfish is hastened parturition and fertilized egg is gathered.
Background technology
Razor shell is individual big, and dressing percentage is high, and protein content is high, the amino acid A wide selection of colours and designs, and meat is tender delicious, is the important rare shellfish of marine products, distribution is all arranged in that China is coastal, but natural resources is seldom.The razor shell commodity all rely on to adopt and catch natural resources at present, and market physique is 60～100 yuan/kg, is 5～10 times of traditional cultivated shellfish price.Because ordering about of market interest; High strength is fished for and is made its resource present tangible decline trend; So carry out razor shell artificial breeding and aquaculture Study on Technology,, have crucial economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits to the more razor shell commodity of market supply.
As everyone knows, successfully obtaining fertilized egg is the first step of opening whole seedling raising process.Research about the razor shell artificial breeding still is in the starting stage, and also only there are two families in domestic research institution: Jiangsu Prov. Inst. of Marine Aquatic Products and Aquatic Products Inst., Rizhao City, Shandong Prov..Razor shell is the fossorial shellfish, and traditional economic shellfish such as clam, clam, mud blood clam, variegated clam etc. all are the embedded type shellfish.The method of hastening parturition of other shellfishes generally adopts: close shellfish rises and catches after dry in the shade stimulation is encorbelmented to be hung in the spawning inducing pool and hastened parturition.In time shift out close shellfish after a certain amount of when fertilized egg in the pond reaches, put a pond more in addition and discharge.The mode of hastening parturition one like this is that requirement rises and catches close shellfish; The 2nd, the long-time dry in the shade stimulation of requirement is little to parent's survival rate influence, reaches more than 95% like clam survival rate after drying in the shade 48 hours under the condition of temperature more than 28 ℃.And Solen grandis Dunker (Solengouldi Conrda) is thin frangible, works repeatedly that to catch close shellfish lethality high, and razor shell works when catching the water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe irriate phenomenon of will autotomying in addition, and is influential to its growth.Opening characteristics of razor shell outer embrane tool in addition, two shells can not be closed fully, and the easy dehydration in dried up back is carried out causing close shellfish survival rate low behind the dry in the shade stimulation for a long time.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the method that a kind of razor shell parent shellfish is hastened parturition and fertilized egg is gathered; This method has that parent's availability is high, effective, the fertilized egg hastened parturition gather convenient and swift, incubation rate up to 72%, the survival rate of seedling advantages of higher; Only need the close shellfish of lesser amt can obtain the required fertilized egg quantity of artificial breeding then, have a good application prospect.
The method that a kind of razor shell parent shellfish of the present invention is hastened parturition and fertilized egg is gathered comprises:
(1) close shellfish is gathered
Gather the shell smooth surface, foot and appearance have no mechanical damage, and health is energetic, and shell length is prepared accelerating and cultivated the close shellfish of 8～11cm;
(2) close shellfish accelerating is cultivated
Place spawning inducing pool to support temporarily above-mentioned close shellfish, support density 1.5～2.5kg/m temporarily
2, changing water every day 1 time, quantity of exchanged water is 80%, food density keeps 5～10 * 10
4Cell/ml, continuous charge is cultivated;
(3) hasten parturition
When the coefficient of condition of close shellfish reaches 85% when above; Dissect sexual gland and find can hasten parturition when smart ovum is the gravity flow shape, step is following: earlier the water in the spawning inducing pool is put dried, with water pump flushing sand bed surface with ight soil etc.; Do and reveal after 2 hours; Earlier flooding bottom surface, whole pond with chrysophyceae algae liquid stimulated close shellfish 20～25 minutes, advanced sand filter seawater then to water level 70cm, continuous charge;
(4) fertilized egg is gathered and hatching
After the density of fertilized egg in spawning inducing pool reaches 10～15/ml, rapidly fertilized egg is moved into to cultivate in the pond through siphon principle and cultivates, fertilized egg hatching density is at 4～6/ml, 19-25 ℃ of hatching water temperature.
Become 15 ° of angles with horizontal plane at the bottom of the described spawning inducing pool pond, be covered with the thick rough sand of 15cm at the bottom of the pond, the diameter of rough sand is 0.5mm＜Φ＜1.0mm;
The density of described chrysophyceae algae liquid is 100-150 ten thousand/milliliter, the pH value about 9.3 of algae liquid;
When the fertilized egg in the spawning inducing pool be moved into cultivate the pond after, in spawning inducing pool, add chrysophyceae algae liquid once more and flood bottom surface, whole pond and stimulated close shellfish 20～25 minutes, advance sand filter seawater then to water level 70cm, carry out the secondary of close shellfish and hasten parturition.
For close shellfish colony, it is multiple batches of laying eggs, but for individual, it is disposable laying eggs.If gonad development is asynchronous, it is asynchronous to cause laying eggs, thereby brings operational inconvenience to production management.So cultivate through close shellfish being carried out artificial ripening, manage with delicacy, suitable condition is provided, make gonad development reach synchronous purpose.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises that the collection of close shellfish, accelerating are supported temporarily, hastened parturition, fertilized egg is gathered and hatching.After close shellfish sexual gland comes to the ripening period, gather the parent, be put in and carry out the accelerating cultivation in the spawning inducing pool, density is cultivated in control, and the agreeable to the taste bait of abundance is provided, and changes water every day, in time removes dirts such as dead razor clam, residual bait and ight soil.Observe when dissecting close shellfish, hasten parturition when finding the full one-tenth gravity flow of sexual gland shape, promptly reach so-called draining period.Catch close shellfish, keep close shellfish to be under the self-sow environment need not rising, adopt the common stimulation of accomplishing the parent of short time method of making herbs dry gradually in the shade, pH rising method and flowing water method, implement to hasten parturition, it is effective to hasten parturition.After laying eggs since at the bottom of the spawning inducing pool pond than cultivating at the bottom of the pond, pond more than the high 60cm, can rapidly fertilized egg be moved into according to siphon principle and cultivate in the pond; Wash ovum rapidly, in time improve incubation condition, the control hatching density; Improve hatchability of fertile eggs, produced the seedling source that high-quality is provided for seed.
After fertilized egg is derived in the spawning inducing pool, with pH rising method and flowing water method close shellfish is stimulated once more, can obtain second batch of fertilized egg; Move in circles, close shellfish spawning rate is high, in 24 hours; The empty rate of the product of parent shellfish reaches more than 80%, and average individual egg laying amount reaches 4,000,000.Under 21.5 ℃ of conditions of water temperature, fertilized egg developed into " D " larva through 22 hours.Because the chrysophyceae bait of suitable larva opening is arranged in the hatching water, so larva can be because of the untimely bait of throwing something and feeding influence survival rate, incubation rate reaches more than 70%, razor shell is grown seedlings reached the level of giving stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging.
Beneficial effect
The method that razor shell parent shellfish of the present invention is hastened parturition and fertilized egg is gathered; Have that parent's availability is high, effective, the fertilized egg hastened parturition gather convenient and swift, incubation rate up to 72%, the survival rate of seedling advantages of higher; Only need the close shellfish of lesser amt can obtain the required fertilized egg quantity of artificial breeding then, be convenient to whole seedling management.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that sketch map (high and low position) is arranged in spawning inducing pool, cultivation pond;
Fig. 2 is the fertilized egg derived graph;
Wherein, 1 water inlet pipe, 2 spawning inducing pool, 3 drainpipes, 4 drainpipe valves, 5 delivery line link elbows, 6 movable planks, 7 delivery lines, 8 passageways, 9 cultivation ponds, 10 passageway cover plates.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in the restriction scope of the present invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can do various changes or modification to the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Embodiment 1
The parent shellfish is gathered: gather close shellfish successively since early April, close shellfish get by hand digging, requires the shell smooth surface, enough and appearance have no mechanical damage, health, energetic, shell length is at 8～11cm;
Parent shellfish accelerating is cultivated: close shellfish places in the spawning inducing pool, and requiring spawning inducing pool is strip, and the pond slanted floor becomes 15 ° of angles with level, the rough sand that shop 15cm is thick at the bottom of the pond (0.5mm＜Φ＜1.0mm), support density 1.5～2.5kg/m temporarily
2, change water every day 1 time, quantity of exchanged water 80%; Food density keeps 5～10 * 10
4Cell/ml, continuous charge is cultivated, and forms motility rate temporarily and reaches more than 95%;
Hasten parturition:, dissect sexual gland and find to hasten parturition when smart ovum is the gravity flow shape when the coefficient of condition of close shellfish reaches more than 85%.Method is: elder generation puts the water in the spawning inducing pool dried, and with water pump flushing sand bed surface, purpose one is to remove dirts such as residual bait, ight soil, and the 2nd, current can play spread effect to the razor shell parent.Do to reveal after 2 hours, flood whole pond bed-sit aspect stimulation about 25 minutes (the pH value of algae liquid is about 9.3, and the pH value about 8.3 of nature seawater) with chrysophyceae algae liquid (density 100-150 ten thousand/milliliter) earlier, advance sand filter seawater then to water level 70cm, continuous charge;
Fertilized egg is gathered: after fertilized egg reaches 10～15/ml; Utilize spawning inducing pool and cultivate the high low level drop between the pond; Rapidly fertilized egg is moved into to cultivate in the pond through siphon principle and cultivates, fertilized egg hatching density is 4～6/ml, and incubation rate reaches 70%.
Embodiment 2
The close shellfish that to gather late April places spawning inducing pool to support temporarily, and the spawning inducing pool area is 12m
2, support through nearly 50 days temporarily in dark 1.3 meters of pond, implements to hasten parturition the morning on June 17th, 2009, and 8:20 has on a small quantity lays eggs, and when 11:00 point fertilized egg reaches 15/ml, utilizes siphon principle rapidly fertilized egg to be moved into cultivation pond 109#.Every is cultivated pool area is 23.8m
2, cultivate at the bottom of the pond in pond than dark 60cm downwards at the bottom of the spawning inducing pool pond in dark 1.3 meters of pond.Fertilized egg in the spawning inducing pool can all be moved into cultivates in the pond.Toward the rapid gaza's filter of 109# seawater, to water level 80cm, hatching density is 6/ml immediately.
After the ovum of spawning inducing pool is removed, spawning inducing pool is added algae liquid (pH value 9.3) earlier, laggard sand filter seawater (such flow process makes close shellfish obtain stimulation again) with quadrat method.Keeping the spawning inducing pool food density is about 100,000/ml.19:00 parent shellfish begins to lay eggs, when fertilized egg reach 10/when ml is above, utilizes siphon principle rapidly fertilized egg to be moved into and respectively cultivate the pond, move 4 in ovum branch pond altogether to 22:00, be respectively 115#, 116#, 110#, 111#.Five batches obtain 4.75 hundred million in fertilized egg altogether, and the hatching density in each pond is respectively 6/ml, 4/ml, 4.5/ml, 5/ml, 5.5/ml.24.4-25.8 ℃ of hatching water temperature, because fertilized egg has obtained in time washing ovum, adding in the hatching water has open-mouthed bait, average incubation rate is 72%.
Use 7.5 kilograms of close shellfishes altogether, 31/kilogram of its specifications, the average long 98.17mm of shell, 4.75 hundred million on common property ovum, on average each body egg laying amount is 4,100,000.
Under the natural temperature condition, through 10,228 ten thousand of one month the razor shell juvenile mollusks of cultivating 4.74mm altogether on artificial culture to July 17, cultivating survival rate 30%.
Claims (4)
1. the razor shell parent shellfish method of hastening parturition and gathering with fertilized egg comprises:
(1) close shellfish is gathered
4-5 month, gather the shell smooth surface, foot and appearance have no mechanical damage, and health is energetic, and shell length is prepared accelerating and is cultivated the close shellfish of 8～11cm;
(2) close shellfish accelerating is cultivated
Place spawning inducing pool to support temporarily above-mentioned close shellfish, support density 1.5～2.5kg/m temporarily
2, changing water every day 1 time, quantity of exchanged water is 80%, food density keeps 5～10 * 10
4Cell/ml, continuous charge is cultivated;
(3) hasten parturition
When the coefficient of condition of close shellfish reaches 85% when above; Dissect sexual gland and find can hasten parturition when smart ovum is the gravity flow shape, step is following: elder generation puts the water in the spawning inducing pool dried, washes the sand bed surface to remove the ight soil dirt with water pump; Do and reveal after 2 hours; Earlier flooding bottom surface, whole pond with chrysophyceae algae liquid stimulated close shellfish 20～25 minutes, advanced sand filter seawater to water level 70cm, continuous charge with 1000 purpose filter bags then;
(4) fertilized egg is gathered and hatching
After the density of fertilized egg in spawning inducing pool reaches 10～15/ml, rapidly fertilized egg is moved into to cultivate in the pond through siphon principle and hatches, hatching density is at 4～6/ml, 19～25 ℃ of hatching water temperatures.
2. the method that a kind of razor shell parent shellfish according to claim 1 is hastened parturition and fertilized egg is gathered, it is characterized in that: described spawning inducing pool bottom angled becomes 15 ° of angles with horizontal plane; Be covered with the thick rough sand of 15cm at the bottom of the pond, the diameter of rough sand is 0.5mm＜Φ＜1.0mm.
3. the method that a kind of razor shell parent shellfish according to claim 1 is hastened parturition and fertilized egg is gathered, it is characterized in that: the density of described chrysophyceae algae liquid is 100-150 ten thousand/milliliter, the pH value about 9.3 of algae liquid.
4. the method that a kind of razor shell parent shellfish according to claim 1 is hastened parturition and fertilized egg is gathered; It is characterized in that: after the fertilized egg in the spawning inducing pool is moved into the cultivation pond; In spawning inducing pool, adding chrysophyceae algae liquid once more floods bottom surface, whole pond and stimulated close shellfish 20～25 minutes; Advance sand filter seawater then to water level 70cm, carry out the secondary of close shellfish and hasten parturition.
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Families Citing this family (7)
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| CN105265352A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-01-27 | 北海市铁山港区生产力促进中心 | Seawater pearl culture nucleus-inserting bead-breeding spawning induction sperm-and-egg-emission method |
| CN104381178A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-04 | 嵊泗县海洋科技研究所 | Cultellus attenuatus offspring seed cultivation method |
| CN104663541B (en) * | 2015-01-31 | 2017-02-22 | 宁波大学 | Artificial breeding method for cultellus attenuatus |
| CN106069957A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-09 | 青岛农业大学 | The method that the single pairing of a kind of male and female builds Sinonovacula constricta family |
| CN107182869A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-22 | 丹东市水产技术推广总站 | A kind of razor shell offspring seed cultivation method |
| JP7170253B2 (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2022-11-14 | 合同会社ヒムカの夢郷 | Shellfish farming equipment |
| CN108207714B (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2021-05-18 | 广西红树林研究中心 | Floating type in-situ coral egg collecting and hatching device |
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| CN1336108A (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-20 | 山东省日照市水产研究所 | Artificial method for breeding giant razor cham |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1336108A (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-20 | 山东省日照市水产研究所 | Artificial method for breeding giant razor cham |
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