CN103493783B - A kind of method improving ovum quality of giant salamander parent - Google Patents
A kind of method improving ovum quality of giant salamander parent Download PDFInfo
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- CN103493783B CN103493783B CN201310493457.6A CN201310493457A CN103493783B CN 103493783 B CN103493783 B CN 103493783B CN 201310493457 A CN201310493457 A CN 201310493457A CN 103493783 B CN103493783 B CN 103493783B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method improving ovum quality of giant salamander parent, belong to giant salamander culture technical field, its technical essential comprises the steps: that (1) is built close salamander and cultivated pond; (2) selection of giant salamander parent; (3) cultivating and managing; (4) hasten parturition; (5) human assistance draws ovum; (6) artificial insemination; The present invention aim to provide a kind of rationally, the method for raising ovum quality of giant salamander parent that specific aim is stronger; Cultivate for giant salamander parent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of giant salamander, more particularly, particularly relate to a kind of method improving ovum quality of giant salamander parent.
Background technology
Giant salamander is commonly called as the giant salamander, and be national two class protection aqua-marine lifes, being agriculture industrialization and featured agriculture focus development kind, is wildlife gene protection kind.In current giant salamander artificial culture technology, artificial propagation techniques is also under test, and reproduction rate is lower, and seedling lacks.The development of restriction seedling quantity can not meet except embryonic development for providing ecotope except water quality and people completely, and the ovum of female close salamander difficult labour or output can not be fertilized, and ovum quality is bad is the key of problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of rationally, the method for raising ovum quality of giant salamander parent that specific aim is stronger.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of method improving ovum quality of giant salamander parent, and wherein the method comprises the steps:
(1) build close salamander and cultivate pond, at indoor or basement, adopt monoculture mode, every pond size 1 ~ 1.5 square metre, pond inner wall smooth;
(2) selection of giant salamander parent: select the age in 5 ~ 12 ages, body weight 5 ~ 8kg, healthy, the bodily form is tall and thin, and skin is glossy, and decorative pattern is clear, and four limbs are without the individuality of incompleteness;
(3) cultivating and managing:
A, water source: the reservoir bottom water adopting water quality good or cold spring water; B, feed: based on fresh and alive feed, chilled feed is auxiliary, the every day of feeding at dusk, and daily ration calculates by body weight 5kg parent salamander: annual March, April, November and early December: 600 ~ 800g; Mid-December did not feed intake to Second Year early Febuary; 300 ~ 500g At All Other Times, described feed is feed of animal origin; C, management: every pond one tail parent, the depth of water 18 ~ 25cm, water temperature 17 ~ 21 DEG C, and miniflow water state in Artificial Control pond, change water once in every two days;
(4) hasten parturition:
1. to hasten parturition the selection of maternal close salamander: at the beginning of autumn late summer, embody sex character according to individual sexual gland Developmental maturity in appearance and judge, female belly expands soft, and creep and can see belly, skin is glossy, is well-proportioned, and healthy individuals is as female parent of hastening parturition; 2. medicine and dosage: adopt chorionic gonadotrophin and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 to hasten parturition, using dosage: chorionic gonadotrophin is by individual every kilogram of 800 ~ 1200 international units of close salamander, and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 is by individual every kilogram of 50 ~ 70 micrograms of close salamander;
(5) human assistance draws ovum, when female salamander gonopore discharges adhesive tape, manually draws ovum when mature egg can not excrete instantaneously in oviduct, draws during ovum and carries out in loose, dark, quiet environment;
(6) artificial insemination, to the ovum of discharging in 3 ~ 12 days after hastening parturition, did wet-dry change artificial insemination in 0.5 ~ 1.5 hour.
Above-mentioned a kind ofly improve in the method for ovum quality of giant salamander parent, the age of the giant salamander parent described in step (2) was 7 ~ 12 ages.
Above-mentioned a kind ofly improve in the method for ovum quality of giant salamander parent, the feed of animal origin described in step (3) b is any one or the multiple combination of shrimp, fish and loach.
Above-mentioned a kind ofly improve in the method for ovum quality of giant salamander parent, the chilled feed described in step (3) b and the ratio of fresh and alive feed are 1:1.2 ~ 1.6.
Above-mentioned a kind ofly improve in the method for ovum quality of giant salamander parent, in Artificial Control pond described in step (3) c, miniflow water state is: 5 annual ~ August starts stimulation by running water, 1 ~ 3 hour every day.
After the present invention adopts said method, strictly controlled the growth of giant salamander body weight by inventory, make the figure that giant salamander keeps good, improve the fitness of giant salamander significantly, by the change controled environment, giant salamander is stimulated meanwhile, activation sexual gland transforms, thus effectively improves its ovum quality; Further, according to the life habit of giant salamander, the living environment on basis is provided, its good condition of further maintenance, and, select the suitable time to hasten parturition for it, carry out when it is ovulated assisting and draw ovum, and adopt and correct draw ovum mode, adopt complete training method, comprehensively improve ovum quality of giant salamander parent.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but do not form any limitation of the invention.
A kind of method improving ovum quality of giant salamander parent of the present invention, the method comprises the steps:
(1) build close salamander and cultivate pond, at indoor or basement, adopt monoculture mode, every pond size 1 ~ 1.5 square metre, pond inner wall smooth;
(2) selection of giant salamander parent: select the age in 5 ~ 12 ages, body weight 5 ~ 8kg, healthy, the bodily form is tall and thin, and skin is glossy, and decorative pattern is clear, and four limbs are without the individuality of incompleteness; Wherein, the age of giant salamander parent was preferably for 7 ~ 12 ages.Although giant salamander culture must be more of a specified duration, cost is higher, and risk is higher, and the parent in 7 ~ 12 ages has just just been in the between twenty and fifty stage, and condition is at the highest notch period, and the giant salamander in this time is as parent, and its ovum quality can effectively be guaranteed.
(3) cultivating and managing:
A, water source: the reservoir bottom water adopting water quality good or cold spring water;
B, feed: based on fresh and alive feed, chilled feed is auxiliary, and the ratio of chilled feed and fresh and alive feed is 1:1.2 ~ 1.6, the every day of feeding at dusk, and daily ration calculates by body weight 5kg parent salamander: annual March, April, November and early December: 600 ~ 800g; Mid-December did not feed intake to Second Year early Febuary; 300 ~ 500g At All Other Times, described feed is feed of animal origin, described feed of animal origin is preferably any one or the multiple combination of shrimp, fish and loach, shrimp, fish and loach are containing enriching good protein, multivitamin, content of mineral substances is abundant, low fat, has very high nutritive value, contributes to growing of giant salamander; Accurate inventory controls, and effectively can control female salamander 1 year weightening finish 1 ~ 2kg, increase adipose conversion sexual gland dynamics; Prevent individual growth rate too fast, cause individual excessive, oxytocic drug so not only can be caused to waste, and the reproduction time limit of female salamander can be made to shorten.
C, management: every pond one tail parent, the depth of water 18 ~ 25cm, water temperature 17 ~ 21 DEG C, and miniflow water state in Artificial Control pond, change water once in every two days; In described Artificial Control pond, miniflow water state is: 5 annual ~ August starts stimulation by running water, 1 ~ 3 hour every day, and all the other times are then the cultivation of hydrostatic state, avoid the animation of bothering giant salamander parent too much.Carry out stimulation by running water within reasonable time, the sexual gland that can activate giant salamander parent transforms, and can improve the maternal individual sexual mature rate of giant salamander, maternal sexual mature rate, be increased to 70% ~ 80% by original 50% ~ 60%, stimulation by running water, the quality of ovum can also be improved.
(4) hasten parturition:
1. to hasten parturition the selection of maternal close salamander: at the beginning of autumn late summer, embody sex character according to individual sexual gland Developmental maturity in appearance and judge, female belly expands soft, and creep and can see belly, skin is glossy, is well-proportioned, and healthy individuals is as female parent of hastening parturition;
2. medicine and dosage: adopt chorionic gonadotrophin and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 to hasten parturition, using dosage: chorionic gonadotrophin is by individual every kilogram of 800 ~ 1200 international units of close salamander, and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 is by individual every kilogram of 50 ~ 70 micrograms of close salamander;
(5) human assistance draws ovum, when female salamander gonopore discharges adhesive tape, manually draws ovum when mature egg can not excrete instantaneously in oviduct, draws during ovum and carries out in loose, dark, quiet environment;
(6) artificial insemination, to the ovum of discharging in 3 ~ 12 days after hastening parturition, did wet-dry change artificial insemination in 0.5 ~ 1.5 hour.
Embodiment 1
(1) build close salamander and cultivate pond, at indoor or basement, adopt monoculture mode, every pond size 1 square metre, pond inner wall smooth;
(2) selection of giant salamander parent: select the age in 5-7 age, body weight 5 ~ 6kg, healthy, the bodily form is tall and thin, and skin is glossy, and decorative pattern is clear, and four limbs are without the individuality of incompleteness;
(3) cultivating and managing:
A, water source: the reservoir bottom water adopting water quality good or cold spring water;
B, feed: based on fresh and alive feed, chilled feed is auxiliary, and the ratio of chilled feed and fresh and alive feed is 1:1.2, the every day of feeding at dusk, and daily ration calculates by body weight 5kg parent salamander: annual March, April, November and early December: 600g; Mid-December did not feed intake to Second Year early Febuary; 300g At All Other Times, described feed is feed of animal origin, and described feed of animal origin is preferably any one or the multiple combination of shrimp, fish and loach;
C, management: every pond one tail parent, depth of water 18cm, water temperature 17 ~ 20 DEG C, and miniflow water state in Artificial Control pond, change water once in every two days; In described Artificial Control pond, miniflow water state is: 5 annual ~ August starts stimulation by running water, 1 ~ 2 hour every day.
(4) hasten parturition:
1. to hasten parturition the selection of maternal close salamander: at the beginning of autumn late summer, embody sex character according to individual sexual gland Developmental maturity in appearance and judge, female belly expands soft, and creep and can see belly, skin is glossy, is well-proportioned, and healthy individuals is as female parent of hastening parturition;
2. medicine and dosage: adopt chorionic gonadotrophin and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 to hasten parturition, using dosage: chorionic gonadotrophin is by individual every kilogram of 800 international units of giant salamander, and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 is by individual every kilogram of 50 micrograms of giant salamander;
(5) human assistance draws ovum, when female salamander gonopore discharges adhesive tape, manually draws ovum when mature egg can not excrete instantaneously in oviduct, draws during ovum and carries out in loose, dark, quiet environment;
(6) artificial insemination, to the ovum of discharging in 3-5 after hastening parturition days, did wet-dry change artificial insemination in 0.5 hour.
The present embodiment carries out artificial insemination to 1000 ovums, and final insemination rate is 80%.
Embodiment 2
(1) build close salamander and cultivate pond, at indoor or basement, adopt monoculture mode, every pond size 1.2 square metres, pond inner wall smooth;
(2) selection of giant salamander parent: select the age in 7-10 age, body weight 6 ~ 7kg, healthy, the bodily form is tall and thin, and skin is glossy, and decorative pattern is clear, and four limbs are without the individuality of incompleteness;
(3) cultivating and managing:
A, water source: the reservoir bottom water adopting water quality good or cold spring water;
B, feed: based on fresh and alive feed, chilled feed is auxiliary, and the ratio of chilled feed and fresh and alive feed is 1:1.4, the every day of feeding at dusk, and daily ration calculates by body weight 5kg parent salamander: annual March, April, November and early December: 700g; Mid-December did not feed intake to Second Year early Febuary; 400g At All Other Times, described feed is feed of animal origin, and described feed of animal origin is preferably any one or the multiple combination of shrimp, fish and loach;
C, management: every pond one tail parent, depth of water 22cm, water temperature 18 ~ 19 DEG C, and miniflow water state in Artificial Control pond, change water once in every two days; In described Artificial Control pond, miniflow water state is: 5 annual ~ August starts stimulation by running water, 1 ~ 2 hour every day.
(4) hasten parturition:
1. to hasten parturition the selection of maternal close salamander: at the beginning of autumn late summer, embody sex character according to individual sexual gland Developmental maturity in appearance and judge, female belly expands soft, and creep and can see belly, skin is glossy, is well-proportioned, and healthy individuals is as female parent of hastening parturition;
2. medicine and dosage: adopt chorionic gonadotrophin and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 to hasten parturition, using dosage: chorionic gonadotrophin is by individual every kilogram of 1000 international units of giant salamander, and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 is by individual every kilogram of 60 micrograms of giant salamander;
(5) human assistance draws ovum, when female salamander gonopore discharges adhesive tape, manually draws ovum when mature egg can not excrete instantaneously in oviduct, draws during ovum and carries out in loose, dark, quiet environment;
(6) artificial insemination, to the ovum of discharging in 5-8 after hastening parturition days, did wet-dry change artificial insemination in 1 hour.
The present embodiment carries out artificial insemination to 1000 ovums, and final insemination rate is 82%.
Embodiment 3
(1) build close salamander and cultivate pond, at indoor or basement, adopt monoculture mode, every pond size 1.5 square metres, pond inner wall smooth;
(2) selection of giant salamander parent: select the age in 10-12 age, body weight 7 ~ 8kg, healthy, the bodily form is tall and thin, and skin is glossy, and decorative pattern is clear, and four limbs are without the individuality of incompleteness;
(3) cultivating and managing:
A, water source: the reservoir bottom water adopting water quality good or cold spring water;
B, feed: based on fresh and alive feed, chilled feed is auxiliary, and the ratio of chilled feed and fresh and alive feed is 1:1.2, the every day of feeding at dusk, and daily ration calculates by body weight 5kg parent salamander: annual March, April, November and early December: 800g; Mid-December did not feed intake to Second Year early Febuary; 500g At All Other Times, described feed is feed of animal origin, and described feed of animal origin is preferably any one or the multiple combination of shrimp, fish and loach;
C, management: every pond one tail parent, depth of water 25cm, water temperature 20 ~ 21 DEG C, and miniflow water state in Artificial Control pond, change water once in every two days; In described Artificial Control pond, miniflow water state is: 5 annual ~ August starts stimulation by running water, 2 ~ 3 hours every days.
(4) hasten parturition:
1. to hasten parturition the selection of maternal close salamander: at the beginning of autumn late summer, embody sex character according to individual sexual gland Developmental maturity in appearance and judge, female belly expands soft, and creep and can see belly, skin is glossy, is well-proportioned, and healthy individuals is as female parent of hastening parturition;
2. medicine and dosage: adopt chorionic gonadotrophin and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 to hasten parturition, using dosage: chorionic gonadotrophin is by individual every kilogram of 1200 international units of giant salamander, and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 is by individual every kilogram of 70 micrograms of giant salamander;
(5) human assistance draws ovum, when female salamander gonopore discharges adhesive tape, manually draws ovum when mature egg can not excrete instantaneously in oviduct, draws during ovum and carries out in loose, dark, quiet environment;
(6) artificial insemination, to the ovum of discharging in 8-12 after hastening parturition days, did wet-dry change artificial insemination in 1.5 hours.The present embodiment carries out artificial insemination to 1000 ovums, and final insemination rate is 81%.
Claims (4)
1. improve a method for ovum quality of giant salamander parent, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
(1) build close salamander and cultivate pond, at indoor or basement, adopt monoculture mode, every pond size 1 ~ 1.5 square metre, pond inner wall smooth;
(2) selection of giant salamander parent: select the age in 5 ~ 12 ages, body weight 5 ~ 8kg, healthy, the bodily form is tall and thin, and skin is glossy, and decorative pattern is clear, and four limbs are without the individuality of incompleteness;
(3) cultivating and managing:
A, water source: the reservoir bottom water adopting water quality good or cold spring water; B, feed: based on fresh and alive feed, chilled feed is auxiliary, and described chilled feed and the ratio of fresh and alive feed are 1:1.2 ~ 1.6; The every day of feeding at dusk, daily ration calculates by body weight 5kg parent salamander: annual March, April, November and early December: 600 ~ 800g; Mid-December did not feed intake to Second Year early Febuary; 300 ~ 500g At All Other Times, described feed is feed of animal origin; C, management: every pond one tail parent, the depth of water 18 ~ 25cm, water temperature 17 ~ 21 DEG C, and miniflow water state in Artificial Control pond, change water once in every two days;
(4) hasten parturition:
1. to hasten parturition the selection of maternal close salamander: at the beginning of autumn late summer, embody sex character according to individual sexual gland Developmental maturity in appearance and judge, female belly expands soft, and creep and can see belly, skin is glossy, is well-proportioned, and healthy individuals is as female parent of hastening parturition; 2. medicine and dosage: adopt chorionic gonadotrophin and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 to hasten parturition, using dosage: chorionic gonadotrophin is by individual every kilogram of 800 ~ 1200 international units of close salamander, and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 is by individual every kilogram of 50 ~ 70 micrograms of close salamander;
(5) human assistance draws ovum, when female salamander gonopore discharges adhesive tape, manually draws ovum when mature egg can not excrete instantaneously in oviduct, draws during ovum and carries out in loose, dark, quiet environment;
(6) artificial insemination, to the ovum of discharging in 3 ~ 12 days after hastening parturition, did wet-dry change artificial insemination in 0.5 ~ 1.5 hour.
2. a kind of method improving ovum quality of giant salamander parent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the age of the giant salamander parent described in step (2) was 7 ~ 12 ages.
3. a kind of method improving ovum quality of giant salamander parent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the feed of animal origin described in step (3) b is any one or the multiple combination of shrimp, fish and loach.
4. a kind of method improving ovum quality of giant salamander parent according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that, in Artificial Control pond described in step (3) c, miniflow water state is: 5 annual ~ August starts stimulation by running water, 1 ~ 3 hour every day.
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| CN104737977A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-01 | 湖北宜都渔洋大鲵开发有限公司 | Artificial spawning inducing and inseminating method for giant salamander |
| CN104813984B (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-05-24 | 西南大学 | Method for improving fertility rate of andrias davidianus |
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Address after: 514759 Guangdong Province, Meizhou city Meixian District Meizhou city Meixian District Hai Xia Yan Zhen Song Ping Cun Yang aquatic products Co. Ltd Patentee after: Meizhou Meixian District Haixia Aquatic Product Co., Ltd. Address before: 514759 Guangdong city of Meizhou province Meixian Yan Yang Zhen Song Ping Cun Patentee before: Mei County Hai Xia Aquatic Product Company Ltd |