CN103493783A - Method for improving ovum quality of giant salamander parent - Google Patents
Method for improving ovum quality of giant salamander parent Download PDFInfo
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- CN103493783A CN103493783A CN201310493457.6A CN201310493457A CN103493783A CN 103493783 A CN103493783 A CN 103493783A CN 201310493457 A CN201310493457 A CN 201310493457A CN 103493783 A CN103493783 A CN 103493783A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving ovum quality of a giant salamander parent, and belongs to the technical field of giant salamander cultivation. According to the technical key points, the method includes the steps of firstly, building a giant salamander parent cultivation pool; secondly, selecting the giant salamander parent; thirdly, managing cultivation; fourthly, inducing spawning; fifthly, pulling ova with the help of manual work; sixthly, conducting artificial insemination. The invention aims at providing the method which is reasonable and strong in pertinence and improves ovum quality of the giant salamander parent, and the method is used for cultivation of the giant salamander parent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of giant salamander, more particularly, relate in particular to a kind of method that improves giant salamander parent ovum quality.
Background technology
Giant salamander is commonly called as the giant salamander, is national two class protection aqua-marine lifes, is agriculture industrialization and featured agriculture focus development kind, is wildlife gene protection kind.In the giant salamander artificial culture technology, artificial propagation techniques is also under test at present, and reproduction rate is lower, and seedling lacks.The development of restriction seedling quantity is except water quality and people for providing ecotope not meet fully embryonic development, and the ovum of female close salamander difficult labour or output can not be fertilized, and ovum quality is bad is the key of problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of rationally, the method for raising giant salamander parent ovum quality that specific aim is stronger.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of method that improves giant salamander parent ovum quality, and wherein the method comprises the steps:
(1) build close salamander and cultivate pond, at indoor or basement, adopt the monoculture mode, 1～1.5 square metre of every pond size, pond inner wall smooth;
(2) giant salamander parent's selection: select the age in 5～12 ages, body weight 5～8kg, healthy, the bodily form is tall and thin, and skin is glossy, and decorative pattern is clear, and four limbs are without incomplete individuality;
(3) cultivating and managing:
A, water source: adopt good reservoir bottom water or the cold spring water of water quality; B, feed: take fresh and alive feed as main, chilled feed is auxiliary, the every day of feeding at dusk, and daily ration is calculated by body weight 5kg parent salamander: annual March, April, November and early December: 600～800g, mid-December to Second Year early Febuary does not feed intake, At All Other Times 300～500g; Described feed is feed of animal origin; C, management: every pond one tail parent, the depth of water 18～25cm, 17～21 ℃ of water temperatures, and miniflow water state in the Artificial Control pond, change water once in every two days;
(4) hasten parturition:
1. the hasten parturition selection of maternal close salamander: at the beginning of autumn late summer, embody sex character according to individual sexual gland Developmental maturity in appearance and judged, female belly expands soft, creeps and can see belly, and skin is glossy, is well-proportioned, and healthy individual is as the female parent of hastening parturition; 2. medicine and dosage: adopt chorionic gonadotrophin and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 to be hastened parturition, using dosage: chorionic gonadotrophin is by individual every kilogram of 800～1200 international units of close salamander, and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 is by individual every kilogram of 50～70 micrograms of close salamander;
(5) human assistance draws ovum, when female salamander gonopore, discharges adhesive tape, and mature egg manually draws ovum in the time of can not excreting moment in oviduct, while drawing ovum, in loose, dark, quiet environment, carries out;
(6) artificial insemination to the ovum of discharging in 3～12 days after hastening parturition, was dry wet method of artificial fertilization in 0.5～1.5 hour.
In a kind of above-mentioned method that improves giant salamander parent ovum quality, the described giant salamander parent's of step (2) age was 7～12 ages.
In a kind of above-mentioned method that improves giant salamander parent ovum quality, any one that the described fresh and alive feed of step (3) b is shrimp, fish and loach or multiple combination.
In a kind of above-mentioned method that improves giant salamander parent ovum quality, the ratio of the described chilled feed of step (3) b and fresh and alive feed is 1:1.2～1.6.
In a kind of above-mentioned method that improves giant salamander parent ovum quality, the described Artificial Control miniflow of step (3) c water state is: start stimulation by running water, 1～3 hour every day 5 annual～August.
After the present invention adopts said method, strictly control the growth of giant salamander body weight by inventory, make giant salamander keep good figure, improve significantly the fitness of giant salamander,, by the variation controled environment, giant salamander is stimulated simultaneously, the activation sexual gland transforms, thereby effectively improves its ovum quality; Further, life habit according to giant salamander, basic living environment is provided, further keep its good condition, and, select the suitable time to be hastened parturition for it, assist and draw ovum when it is ovulated, and adopt the correct ovum mode of drawing, adopt complete training method, comprehensively improve giant salamander parent ovum quality.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but do not form any limitation of the invention.
A kind of method that improves giant salamander parent ovum quality of the present invention, the method comprises the steps:
(1) build close salamander and cultivate pond, at indoor or basement, adopt the monoculture mode, 1～1.5 square metre of every pond size, pond inner wall smooth;
(2) giant salamander parent's selection: select the age in 5～12 ages, body weight 5～8kg, healthy, the bodily form is tall and thin, and skin is glossy, and decorative pattern is clear, and four limbs are without incomplete individuality; Wherein, giant salamander parent's age was preferably for 7～12 ages.Although giant salamander culture must be more of a specified duration, cost is higher, and risk is higher, and the parent in 7～12 ages is just just in the between twenty and fifty stage, and condition is at the highest notch period, and the giant salamander in this time is as the parent, and its ovum quality can effectively be guaranteed.
(3) cultivating and managing:
A, water source: adopt good reservoir bottom water or the cold spring water of water quality;
B, feed: take fresh and alive feed as main, chilled feed is for auxiliary, the ratio of chilled feed and fresh and alive feed is 1:1.2～1.6, the every day of feeding at dusk, daily ration is calculated by body weight 5kg parent salamander: annual March, April, November and early December: 600～800g, mid-December to Second Year early Febuary does not feed intake, At All Other Times 300～500g; Described fresh and alive feed and chilled feed are feed of animal origin, described feed of animal origin is preferably any one or the multiple combination of shrimp, fish and loach, shrimp, fish and loach are containing enriching good protein, multivitamin, content of mineral substances is abundant, low fat, there is very high nutritive value, contribute to growing of giant salamander; Accurate inventory is controlled, and can effectively control 1 year weightening finish 1～2kg of female salamander, increases fatty convertibility gland of harder; Prevent that individual growth rate is too fast, cause individuality excessive, so not only can cause the oxytocic drug waste, and can make the reproduction time limit of female salamander shorten.
C, management: every pond one tail parent, the depth of water 18～25cm, 17～21 ℃ of water temperatures, and miniflow water state in the Artificial Control pond, change water once in every two days; Described Artificial Control miniflow water state is: start stimulation by running water 5 annual～August, and 1～3 hour every day, all the other times are the cultivation of hydrostatic state, avoid bothering too much giant salamander parent's animation.Carry out within reasonable time stimulation by running water, the sexual gland that can activate the giant salamander parent transforms, and can improve the maternal individual sexual mature rate of giant salamander, and maternal sexual mature rate is increased to 70%～80% by original 50%～60%, and stimulation by running water can also improve the quality of ovum.
(4) hasten parturition:
1. the hasten parturition selection of maternal close salamander: at the beginning of autumn late summer, embody sex character according to individual sexual gland Developmental maturity in appearance and judged, female belly expands soft, creeps and can see belly, and skin is glossy, is well-proportioned, and healthy individual is as the female parent of hastening parturition;
2. medicine and dosage: adopt chorionic gonadotrophin and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 to be hastened parturition, using dosage: chorionic gonadotrophin is by individual every kilogram of 800～1200 international units of close salamander, and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 is by individual every kilogram of 50～70 micrograms of close salamander;
(5) human assistance draws ovum, when female salamander gonopore, discharges adhesive tape, and mature egg manually draws ovum in the time of can not excreting moment in oviduct, while drawing ovum, in loose, dark, quiet environment, carries out;
(6) artificial insemination to the ovum of discharging in 3～12 days after hastening parturition, was dry wet method of artificial fertilization in 0.5～1.5 hour.
Embodiment 1
(1) build close salamander and cultivate pond, at indoor or basement, adopt the monoculture mode, 1 square metre of every pond size, pond inner wall smooth;
(2) giant salamander parent's selection: select the age in 5-7 age, body weight 5～6kg, healthy, the bodily form is tall and thin, and skin is glossy, and decorative pattern is clear, and four limbs are without incomplete individuality;
(3) cultivating and managing:
A, water source: adopt good reservoir bottom water or the cold spring water of water quality;
B, feed: take fresh and alive feed as main, chilled feed is for auxiliary, and the ratio of chilled feed and fresh and alive feed is 1:1.2, the every day of feeding at dusk, and daily ration is calculated by body weight 5kg parent salamander: annual March, April, November and early December: 600g; Mid-December to Second Year early Febuary does not feed intake; 300g At All Other Times.Described fresh and alive feed and chilled feed are feed of animal origin, and described feed of animal origin is preferably any one or the multiple combination of shrimp, fish and loach;
C, management: every pond one tail parent, depth of water 18cm, 17～20 ℃ of water temperatures, and miniflow water state in the Artificial Control pond, change water once in every two days; Described Artificial Control miniflow water state is: start stimulation by running water, 1～2 hour every day 5 annual～August.
(4) hasten parturition:
1. the hasten parturition selection of maternal close salamander: at the beginning of autumn late summer, embody sex character according to individual sexual gland Developmental maturity in appearance and judged, female belly expands soft, creeps and can see belly, and skin is glossy, is well-proportioned, and healthy individual is as the female parent of hastening parturition;
2. medicine and dosage: adopt chorionic gonadotrophin and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 to be hastened parturition, using dosage: chorionic gonadotrophin is by individual every kilogram of 800 international units of close salamander, and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 is by individual every kilogram of 50 micrograms of close salamander;
(5) human assistance draws ovum, when female salamander gonopore, discharges adhesive tape, and mature egg manually draws ovum in the time of can not excreting moment in oviduct, while drawing ovum, in loose, dark, quiet environment, carries out;
(6) artificial insemination to the ovum of discharging in 3-5 after hastening parturition days, was dry wet method of artificial fertilization in 0.5 hour.
The present embodiment carries out artificial insemination to 1000 ovums, and finally insemination rate is 80%.
Embodiment 2
(1) build close salamander and cultivate pond, at indoor or basement, adopt the monoculture mode, 1.2 square metres of every pond sizes, pond inner wall smooth;
(2) giant salamander parent's selection: select the age in 7-10 age, body weight 6～7kg, healthy, the bodily form is tall and thin, and skin is glossy, and decorative pattern is clear, and four limbs are without incomplete individuality;
(3) cultivating and managing:
A, water source: adopt good reservoir bottom water or the cold spring water of water quality;
B, feed: take fresh and alive feed as main, chilled feed is for auxiliary, and the ratio of chilled feed and fresh and alive feed is 1:1.4, the every day of feeding at dusk, and daily ration is calculated by body weight 5kg parent salamander: annual March, April, November and early December: 700g; Mid-December to Second Year early Febuary does not feed intake; 400g At All Other Times.Described feed is feed of animal origin, and described feed of animal origin is preferably any one or the multiple combination of shrimp, fish and loach;
C, management: every pond one tail parent, depth of water 22cm, 18～19 ℃ of water temperatures, and miniflow water state in the Artificial Control pond, change water once in every two days; Described Artificial Control miniflow water state is: start stimulation by running water, 1～2 hour every day 5 annual～August.
(4) hasten parturition:
1. the hasten parturition selection of maternal close salamander: at the beginning of autumn late summer, embody sex character according to individual sexual gland Developmental maturity in appearance and judged, female belly expands soft, creeps and can see belly, and skin is glossy, is well-proportioned, and healthy individual is as the female parent of hastening parturition;
2. medicine and dosage: adopt chorionic gonadotrophin and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 to be hastened parturition, using dosage: chorionic gonadotrophin is by individual every kilogram of 1000 international units of close salamander, and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 is by individual every kilogram of 60 micrograms of close salamander;
(5) human assistance draws ovum, when female salamander gonopore, discharges adhesive tape, and mature egg manually draws ovum in the time of can not excreting moment in oviduct, while drawing ovum, in loose, dark, quiet environment, carries out;
(6) artificial insemination to the ovum of discharging in 5-8 after hastening parturition days, was dry wet method of artificial fertilization in 1 hour.
The present embodiment carries out artificial insemination to 1000 ovums, and finally insemination rate is 82%.
Embodiment 3
(1) build close salamander and cultivate pond, at indoor or basement, adopt the monoculture mode, 1.5 square metres of every pond sizes, pond inner wall smooth;
(2) giant salamander parent's selection: select the age in 10-12 age, body weight 7～8kg, healthy, the bodily form is tall and thin, and skin is glossy, and decorative pattern is clear, and four limbs are without incomplete individuality;
(3) cultivating and managing:
A, water source: adopt good reservoir bottom water or the cold spring water of water quality;
B, feed: take fresh and alive feed as main, chilled feed is for auxiliary, and the ratio of chilled feed and fresh and alive feed is 1:1.2, the every day of feeding at dusk, and daily ration is calculated by body weight 5kg parent salamander: annual March, April, November and early December: 800g; Mid-December to Second Year early Febuary does not feed intake; 500g At All Other Times.Described feed is feed of animal origin, and described feed of animal origin is preferably any one or the multiple combination of shrimp, fish and loach;
C, management: every pond one tail parent, depth of water 25cm, 20～21 ℃ of water temperatures, and miniflow water state in the Artificial Control pond, change water once in every two days; Described Artificial Control miniflow water state is: start stimulation by running water, 2～3 hours every days 5 annual～August.
(4) hasten parturition:
1. the hasten parturition selection of maternal close salamander: at the beginning of autumn late summer, embody sex character according to individual sexual gland Developmental maturity in appearance and judged, female belly expands soft, creeps and can see belly, and skin is glossy, is well-proportioned, and healthy individual is as the female parent of hastening parturition;
2. medicine and dosage: adopt chorionic gonadotrophin and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 to be hastened parturition, using dosage: chorionic gonadotrophin is by individual every kilogram of 1200 international units of close salamander, and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 is by individual every kilogram of 70 micrograms of close salamander;
(5) human assistance draws ovum, when female salamander gonopore, discharges adhesive tape, and mature egg manually draws ovum in the time of can not excreting moment in oviduct, while drawing ovum, in loose, dark, quiet environment, carries out;
(6) artificial insemination to the ovum of discharging in 8-12 after hastening parturition days, was dry wet method of artificial fertilization in 1.5 hours.The present embodiment carries out artificial insemination to 1000 ovums, and finally insemination rate is 81%.
Claims (5)
1. a method that improves giant salamander parent ovum quality, is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
(1) build close salamander and cultivate pond, at indoor or basement, adopt the monoculture mode, 1～1.5 square metre of every pond size, pond inner wall smooth;
(2) giant salamander parent's selection: select the age in 5～12 ages, body weight 5～8kg, healthy, the bodily form is tall and thin, and skin is glossy, and decorative pattern is clear, and four limbs are without incomplete individuality;
(3) cultivating and managing:
A, water source: adopt good reservoir bottom water or the cold spring water of water quality; B, feed: take fresh and alive feed as main, chilled feed is auxiliary, the every day of feeding at dusk, and daily ration is calculated by body weight 5kg parent salamander: annual March, April, November and early December: 600～800g, mid-December to Second Year early Febuary does not feed intake, At All Other Times 300～500g; Described feed is feed of animal origin; C, management: every pond one tail parent, the depth of water 18～25cm, 17～21 ℃ of water temperatures, and miniflow water state in the Artificial Control pond, change water once in every two days;
(4) hasten parturition:
1. the hasten parturition selection of maternal close salamander: at the beginning of autumn late summer, embody sex character according to individual sexual gland Developmental maturity in appearance and judged, female belly expands soft, creeps and can see belly, and skin is glossy, is well-proportioned, and healthy individual is as the female parent of hastening parturition; 2. medicine and dosage: adopt chorionic gonadotrophin and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 to be hastened parturition, using dosage: chorionic gonadotrophin is by individual every kilogram of 800～1200 international units of close salamander, and Luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone A2 is by individual every kilogram of 50～70 micrograms of close salamander;
(5) human assistance draws ovum, when female salamander gonopore, discharges adhesive tape, and mature egg manually draws ovum in the time of can not excreting moment in oviduct, while drawing ovum, in loose, dark, quiet environment, carries out;
(6) artificial insemination to the ovum of discharging in 3～12 days after hastening parturition, was dry wet method of artificial fertilization in 0.5～1.5 hour.
2. a kind of method that improves giant salamander parent ovum quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described giant salamander parent's of step (2) age was 7～12 ages.
3. a kind of method that improves giant salamander parent ovum quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that, any one that the described fresh and alive feed of step (3) b is shrimp, fish and loach or multiple combination.
4. according to a kind of described method that improves giant salamander parent ovum quality of claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that, the ratio of the described chilled feed of step (3) b and fresh and alive feed is 1:1.2～1.6.
5. according to a kind of described method that improves giant salamander parent ovum quality of claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that, the described Artificial Control miniflow of step (3) c water state is: start stimulation by running water, 1～3 hour every day 5 annual～August.
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| CP03 | Change of name, title or address | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 514759 Guangdong Province, Meizhou city Meixian District Meizhou city Meixian District Hai Xia Yan Zhen Song Ping Cun Yang aquatic products Co. Ltd Patentee after: Meizhou Meixian District Haixia Aquatic Product Co., Ltd. Address before: 514759 Guangdong city of Meizhou province Meixian Yan Yang Zhen Song Ping Cun Patentee before: Mei County Hai Xia Aquatic Product Company Ltd |