CN100485548C - 电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器及其制造方法 - Google Patents
电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种将热容量小、耐磨损性优异的材料制成发热体的定影用加热器。在呋喃树脂、氯化氯乙烯树脂等含碳树脂中混合氮化硼等可成为阻碍导电物质的金属或半金属化合物，在基材上通过网板印刷形成发热体的图案，在1000℃左右的温度下进行烧成，从而得到含有无定形碳的NTC特性的定影用加热器。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及利用电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器及其制造方法。
背景技术
在特开平4-14759号公报中，作为复印机的定影用加热器，公开了一种在基体上形成有将银、银和钯等金属粉末、或者碳粉末等导电性粉末用合成树脂粘结在一起而得到的发热体的定影用加热器。为了使发热体的表面与被加热物的光滑性良好以防止发热体的磨损，发热体的表面用玻璃质的保护膜覆盖着。另外，在特开平7-160132号公报中，公开了使用将Mn、Ni、Fe等过渡金属化合物进行了烧结而具有负的温度特性(NTC，Negative Temperature Coefficient)的发热体作为薄膜加热方式的加热装置的发热体，从而利用其NTC特性来控制发热体自身的温度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新型定影用加热器，其在基材上形成有由作为用于利用电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影装置的发热体的特性优异的材料所构成的发热体的层。
根据本发明，可以提供一种具备基材和碳系发热层的定影用加热器，上述碳系发热层设置在上述基材上，且含有无定形碳和均匀分散在该无定形碳中的作为阻碍导电物质的金属或半金属化合物。
上述碳系发热层可以进一步含有均匀分散在上述无定形碳中的碳粉末。
本发明的定影用加热器可以通过具备下述步骤的方法制造：在含碳树脂中均匀混合可在含碳树脂的碳化后成为阻碍导电物质的金属或半金属化合物，在基材上设置该混合物的层，将设置在该基材上的该混合物在惰性气氛中、优选在真空中进行烧成，以将上述含碳树脂进行碳化。在这种情况下，通过调节含碳树脂和金属或半金属化合物的配比，从而调节烧成后的发热体中作为导电体的碳和作为阻碍导电物质的金属或半金属化合物的比例，可以得到具有所希望的固有电阻值的发热体。
如利用网板印刷等方法将发热体形成为薄膜那样，在发热体的截面积变小时，有时为了得到所希望的电阻值，需要固有电阻值低的发热体。这时，不使用金属或半金属化合物，而是调节含碳树脂和碳粉末的配比，从而调节烧成后的发热体中无定形碳和碳粉末的比例，由此也能够得到具有所希望的固有电阻值的发热体。在这种情况下，相对于碳粉末，无定形碳相对地起着阻碍导电物质的作用。
本发明的定影用加热器的发热体的主要成分是碳，因此具备下述的作为定影用加热器的优异特性：热容量小，升温和放冷所需要的时间短，可以缩短装置的预热运转时间。另外，由于以无定形碳为主体，因此耐磨损性高，例如即使在薄膜加热定影方式中，也不需要设置Ag/Pd体系所必需的保护膜。
如特开2001-15250号公报中所记载的那样，含有烧成含碳树脂得到的无定形碳和均匀分散在无定形碳中的作为阻碍导电物质的金属或半金属化合物的复合碳材料可以根据烧成温度等条件将其温度特性从NTC变为PTC(正的温度特性)。因此，例如通过将碳化时的烧成温度设定为小于1700℃，能够得到NTC特性的定影用加热器。
为了在上述基材上设置上述混合物的层，通过例如网板印刷的方法来进行。也可以不在基材上设置混合物的层进行烧成，而是在对形成为薄板状的混合物的板进行烧成后，通过粘合材料等与基材粘在一起。
附图说明
图1为表示发热体层的图案的第1个例子的图；
图2为表示发热体层的图案的第2个例子的图；
图3为表示发热体层的图案的第3个例子的图；
图4为表示发热体层的图案的第4个例子的图；
图5为表示发热体层的图案的第5个例子的图；
图6为表示发热体层的图案的第6个例子的图。
具体实施方式
在本发明的定影用加热器中，设置在基材上的发热体层的图案的例子如图1～图6所示。在图1的例子中，发热体12以直线状设置在基材10上，并在其两端设置电极14的层。在图2的例子中，发热体12以U字状形成，在基材10上往返一次。图3表示多次往返的例子。图4表示在与从一个电极向另一个电极的方向垂直的方向上改变发热体的宽度和/或截面积以控制温度分布的例子。图5和图6表示在从一个电极向另一个电极的方向上改变发热体的宽度和/或截面积的例子。
作为上述的金属或半金属化合物，可以列举出通常可得到的金属碳化物、金属硼化物、金属硅化物、金属氮化物、金属氧化物、半金属氮化物、半金属氧化物、半金属碳化物等。所使用的金属或半金属化合物的种类和量可以根据目标发热体的电阻值和形状适当选择，可以单独使用，也可以使用两种以上的混合物，但从电阻值控制的简单性出发，特别优选使用碳化硼、碳化硅、氮化硼、氧化铝，为了保持碳所具有的优异特性，其使用量优选为70％以下。
作为上述含碳树脂，具体地可以列举出聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚乙烯醇、聚氯乙烯-聚乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚酰胺等热塑性树脂、酚醛树脂、呋喃树脂、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂、聚酰亚胺等热固性树脂、在分子的基本结构内具有木质素、纤维素、黄芪胶树胶、阿拉伯树胶、糖类等缩合多环芳香族的天然高分子物质以及上述不包括的、在分子的基本结构内具有萘磺酸的甲醛缩合物、コブナ树脂等缩合多环芳香族的合成高分子物质。特别优选使用聚氯乙烯树脂、呋喃树脂。为了保持碳所具有的优异特性，其使用量优选为30％以上。
作为上述碳粉末，可以列举出碳黑、石墨、焦炭粉末等，特别优选使用石墨。
(实施例1)
将70份呋喃树脂(日立化成工业公司生产)和30份氮化硼(信越化学工业生产，平均粒径为6μm)充分地分散混合，得到制作平板用液状材料。将其在氧化铝基板上进行网板印刷，制作印刷电路基板。对其进行加热固化处理，再在惰性气氛中于1000℃下进行烧成，得到氧化铝基板上的碳系发热体。在氧化铝基板上得到的碳系发热体部分是厚度为0.1mm、宽度为4mm、长度为300mm、低温下具有4×10-3Ω·cm的值的具有NTC特性的发热体。
(实施例2)
在33份氯化氯乙烯树脂(日本カ—バイド公司生产的T-741)中添加1份天然石墨微粉(日本石墨生产，平均粒径为5μm)，在67份氮化硼(信越化学工业生产，平均粒径为2μm)中添加20份作为增塑剂的邻苯二甲酸二烯丙基酯单体，利用亨舍尔混合机分散后，使用表面温度保持在120℃的混合用双辊充分混炼并反复进行，得到组合物，通过造粒机制成颗粒，得到成形用组合物。将该颗粒用螺旋型挤压机进行挤压成形，并将其在已加热到200℃的烘箱中处理5小时，制成前体(碳前体)板材。然后，将其在惰性气氛中于1000℃下进行烧成，得到板状的碳系发热体。
所得到的碳系发热体是厚度为0.3mm、宽度为6mm、低温下具有4×10-3Ω·cm的值的具有NTC特性的发热体。将所得到的碳系发热体切成300mm的长度，并设置在氧化铝基材上，在端部设置供电用的电极，在发热体表面上设置玻璃绝缘保护层。
(实施例3)
将实施例2的碳前体在真空中于2000℃下进行烧成，得到板状的碳系发热体。
所得到的碳系发热体是厚度为0.3mm、宽度为3mm、低温下具有4×10-3Ω·cm的具有PTC特性的发热体。将所得到的碳系发热体切成300mm的长度，并设置在氧化铝基材上，在端部设置供电用的电极，在发热体表面上设置玻璃绝缘保护层。
(实施例4)
将70份呋喃树脂(日立化成工业公司生产)和30份天然石墨微粉(同上)充分地分散混合，得到制作平板用液状材料。将其在氧化铝基板上进行网板印刷，制作印刷电路基板。对其进行加热固化处理，再在惰性气氛中于1000℃下进行烧成，得到氧化铝基板上的碳系发热体。在氧化铝基板上得到的碳系发热体部分是厚度为0.06mm、宽度为3mm、长度为300mm、低温下具有2×10-3Ω·cm的值的具有NTC特性的发热体。在该发热体的两端部设置电极，在发热体表面上设置玻璃绝缘保护层。
Claims (10)
1、一种电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器，其具备基材和碳系发热层，所述碳系发热层设置在所述基材上，且含有无定形碳和均匀分散在所述无定形碳中的作为阻碍导电物质的金属或半金属化合物。
2、根据权利要求1所述的电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器，其中，所述碳系发热层进一步含有均匀分散在所述无定形碳中的碳粉末。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器，其中，所述金属或半金属化合物包括氮化硼。
4、一种电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器，其具备基材和碳系发热层，所述碳系发热层设置在所述基材上，且含有无定形碳和均匀分散在所述无定形碳中的碳粉末。
5、根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器，其中，所述碳系发热层具有负的温度特性。
6、一种利用电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器的制造方法，其包括下述步骤：在含碳树脂中均匀混合可在含碳树脂的碳化后变为阻碍导电物质的金属或半金属化合物；在基材上设置所述混合物的层；将设置在所述基材上的所述混合物在惰性气氛中进行烧成以将所述含碳树脂进行碳化。
7、根据权利要求6所述的电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器的制造方法，其中，该方法进一步包括在所述含碳树脂中混合碳粉末的步骤。
8、根据权利要求6或7所述的电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器的制造方法，其中，所述金属或半金属化合物包括氮化硼。
9、一种电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器的制造方法，其包括下述步骤：在含碳树脂中均匀混合碳粉末；在基材上设置所述混合物的层；将设置在所述基材上的所述混合物在惰性气氛中进行烧成以将所述含碳树脂进行碳化。
10、根据权利要求6～9中任一项所述的电子照相方式的图像形成装置的定影用加热器的制造方法，其中，所述碳化是在小于1700℃的温度下进行的。
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| KR100881148B1 (ko) * | 2007-02-05 | 2009-02-02 | 주식회사써모피아 | 전자사진 화상형성장치용 직접가열 정착롤러, 상기정착롤러를 구비한 전자사진 화상형성장치 및 상기정착롤러의 제조방법 |
| JP5324549B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-22 | 2013-10-23 | 一成 吉村 | 赤外線治療器 |
| JP6228458B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-15 | 2017-11-08 | 株式会社美鈴工業 | ヒータ並びにそれを備える定着装置及び乾燥装置 |
| GB201304691D0 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-05-01 | Smiths Medical Int Ltd | Heating means and methods of manufacture |
| JP5954235B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-07-20 | 株式会社デンソー | ヒータ装置 |
| JP2016062024A (ja) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-04-25 | キヤノン株式会社 | ヒータおよび定着装置 |
| JP2016113002A (ja) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-23 | 株式会社日本ロック | ハンドルグリップ装置 |
| KR102352567B1 (ko) * | 2021-06-14 | 2022-01-19 | 한국세라믹기술원 | 초기 작동 단계에서 균일한 온도분포를 갖는 가열장치 |
| KR102381360B1 (ko) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-04-01 | 한국세라믹기술원 | 균일한 온도분포를 갖는 히터 |
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| EP0231068B1 (en) * | 1986-01-14 | 1994-03-16 | RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a Delaware corporation) | Conductive polymer composition |
| US4916292A (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1990-04-10 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co., Ltd. | Coiled resistance heating element of carbonaceous material |
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| JPH08328405A (ja) * | 1995-05-31 | 1996-12-13 | Canon Inc | 加熱定着装置およびその製造方法 |
| US5881208A (en) | 1995-12-20 | 1999-03-09 | Sematech, Inc. | Heater and temperature sensor array for rapid thermal processing thermal core |
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| EP1757996A1 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
| KR20070024595A (ko) | 2007-03-02 |
| EP1757996B1 (en) | 2015-02-18 |
| EP1757996A4 (en) | 2010-01-20 |
| US20120118872A1 (en) | 2012-05-17 |
| KR101019758B1 (ko) | 2011-03-04 |
| US8741429B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 |
| JP2010156993A (ja) | 2010-07-15 |
| CN1969235A (zh) | 2007-05-23 |
| JPWO2005124471A1 (ja) | 2008-04-17 |
| JP4738537B2 (ja) | 2011-08-03 |
| WO2005124471A1 (ja) | 2005-12-29 |
| KR20080091870A (ko) | 2008-10-14 |
| KR20090130114A (ko) | 2009-12-17 |
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