CN100475022C - Method of mushroom culture using rape stalk as nutritious base material - Google Patents
Method of mushroom culture using rape stalk as nutritious base material Download PDFInfo
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- CN100475022C CN100475022C CNB2004100816374A CN200410081637A CN100475022C CN 100475022 C CN100475022 C CN 100475022C CN B2004100816374 A CNB2004100816374 A CN B2004100816374A CN 200410081637 A CN200410081637 A CN 200410081637A CN 100475022 C CN100475022 C CN 100475022C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method of mushroom culture using rape stalk as nutritious base material, which comprises the steps of feed preparation, steeping, fermenting, spreading and seeding. The invention is characterized in that the carbon element nourishing source for mushroom cultivation is expanded to Cruciferae plants from the traditional Gramineae plants. When cultivating mushrooms, no pesticide is needed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to artificial cultivation edible mushroom technical field, particularly a kind of culture technique that adopts new plant carbon element resource to make fuel plantation agaricus bisporus, specifically a kind of method with rape stalk as nutritious base material cultured mushroom.
Background technology
Agaricus bisporus belongs to load guiding principle Agaricaceae Mycophyta edible mushroom, it is a kind of microbial food that can be edible, its formal name used at school is Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing, abbreviate mushroom as, a lot of in the world now countries are all adopting the method cultivation edible mushroom of artificial planting, to satisfy the needs of people's dietetic life.In recent years, the income that China governments at all levels just are being devoted to solve the agriculture, rural areas and farmers problem, are increasing the peasant, the numerous agro-technicians of China actively promote edible mushroom in vast rural area artificial planting culture technique has now developed into one of big country of artificial planting edible mushroom.Think according to practical experience of the mushroom of growing and cultivation for many years and the theory of existing growing and cultivation mushroom: the growth of mushroom is to be its main nutriment with plant carbon cellulose fiber material, at present, the most frequently used conventional method all is to be made as the carbon nutrition base-material after adopting grass family class plant (as: straw, wheat straw) and manure of livestock and poultry mixed-stacking fermentation maturity, supplies with the nutrient that mushroom growth is used.The carbon nutrition material that adopts the rice wheat straw to use as mushroom growth has been ripe traditional planting technology, we know, paddy rice and wheat belong to grass family class plant, the carbon fibre of grass family such as straw, wheat straw class plant is comparatively loose, become thoroughly decomposed the as easy as rolling off a log carbon nutrition base-material that can supply mushroom growth to use of making when fermenting easily with the manure of livestock and poultry mixed-stacking.Though China is the large agricultural country of rice cultivation and wheat, in general, paddy and wheat grass physical resources should be very abundant, but, the rice wheat straw is the main feed of numerous farm cattle and milk cow, and in addition, the paddy and wheat grass resource also is the main bulk raw material of China's papermaking light industry industry, therefore, remain very in short supply with regard to present valuable paddy and wheat grass physical resources.Be accelerated development China mushroom industry, the production technology that advances the artificial planting cultured mushroom is to higher development, and numerous agro-technicians just are being devoted to seek the nutriment of the new plant carbon element resource of exploitation as cultured mushroom." Chinese invention patent communique " discloses a kind of name and has been called " with the technology of corn stalk as nutritious base material plantation agaricus bisporus " (number of patent application: 03135816.0), it is to adopt cornstalk to replace the rice wheat straw to make the nutrient base material of cultured mushroom, this technology has obtained successful cultivation experience in practice, useful exploration has been done in the carbon nutrition source of widening the growing and cultivation mushroom, it is specially adapted to promote the use of in the mountain area, hills based on China of maize planting, for avoiding cornstalk by on-site incineration, contaminated environment, can use on the spot scientifically and rationally the carbon element resource of cornstalk started one new by way of.But corn and paddy rice, wheat belong to grass family class plant together, and the quantity of the cornstalk carbon element resource that this technology can be utilized is still limited.If can beyond grass family class plant, successfully develop the plant carbon element resource of enormous amount, nutriment as the cultured mushroom growth, to plant the high speed development of mushroom industry to advancing the Chinese people work post, the solid material base of abundant plant carbon element nutrient source is provided, has very major and immediate significance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is on the basis of existing technology, proposes a kind of method with rape stalk as nutritious base material cultured mushroom, and it is achieved by the following technical solution, and it carries out according to the following steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: the proportioning that each raw material measures by weight is:
1 part of rape stalk (water content is 10-20%),
Sucrose 0.001-0.002 part,
Oil cake 0.05-0.12 part,
Urea 0.002-0.006 part,
Manure of livestock and poultry 0.8-1.8 part,
Wherein oil cake is meant the residue of rape seed after oil is got in squeezing,
(2) fermentation:
A, take by weighing lime in the ratio of the 5-7% of rape stalk weight, prewet and rape straw is mixed thoroughly, covered 2-4 days with film, under the airtight situation that the film covering and heat insulating is preserved moisture, impel effectively rape stalk inside lignin dissolution, make the fully softening degraded of plant carbon cellulose fiber
B, by the proportioning of described parts by weight of raw materials, rape stalk and all the other sucrose, oil cake, urea, the manure of livestock and poultry of softening degraded are mixed into compound and it is built up stockpile, cover film on stockpile, turning in 4-8 days once at interval, the turning number of times is 3-4 time, compound is promptly made nutrient base material by fermentation during this
(3) stone: selecting railway carriage or compartment, lay nutrient base material on the railway carriage or compartment, ground, the quantity that nutrient base material is laid in control is 30-50 kilogram/m with building mushroom canopy, making on the field of choosing
2,
(4) sowing: on the nutrient base material of laying, evenly sow bacterial classification, cover fine earth and get final product.
The present invention be directed to the rape stalk that belongs to Cruciferae class plant, because its carbon fibre structure is the inferior wood fibre type that contains lignin, carbon fibre than grass family class plant has characteristics comparatively closely, adopting heavy dose of lime and rape stalk to prewet mixes thoroughly, again with the film covering and under the air-tight state of heat and moisture preserving, impel the lignin dissolution of rape straw inside, make carbon fibre fully degrade softening loose after, make the carbon nutrition material of eating growth usefulness for mushroom through heap fermentation again.Distinguishing feature of the present invention is: in the technical field of artificial planting cultured mushroom, propose to utilize the rape stalk that belongs to Cruciferae class plant to substitute traditional rice that belongs to gramineous plants first, wheat straw, do the carbon nutrition source and supply with the nutriment of mushroom growth, the carbon nutrition source that cultured mushroom is used, widen to Cruciferae class plant by traditional grass family class plant, for artificial cultured mushroom has been opened up brand-new and Cruciferae class plant carbon element physical resources enormous amount, have great economic results in society, its method is, applying pesticides not when cultured mushroom, belong to the nuisanceless green product, also can with paddy rice, or wheat, or corn, or lima bean, or plant such as vegetables carries out interplanting, can increase the economic benefit of mushroom farming, discarded object after the cultivated mushroom carries out on the spot also field earth backing, realizes protecting soil and protects fertile, the purpose of improving the soil.
The present invention also has following technical characterictic:
In the step of getting the raw materials ready, can also add the special-purpose fertilizer of mushroom, the proportioning that its each raw material measures by weight is:
1 part of rape stalk (water content is 10%-20%),
Sucrose 0.001-0.002 part,
Oil cake 0.05-0.12 part,
Urea 0.002-0.006 part,
Manure of livestock and poultry 0.8-1.8 part,
The special-purpose fertile 0.05-0.08 part of pestering,
Wherein " mushroom is special-purpose fertile " is the commercially available commodity of being sold by market.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
The method that the present invention proposes with rape stalk as nutritious base material cultured mushroom, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: the proportioning that each raw material measures by weight is:
1 part of rape stalk (water content is 15%),
0.0015 part of sucrose,
0.08 part of oil cake,
0.004 part in urea,
1.4 parts of manure of livestock and poultry,
Wherein oil cake is the residue of rape seed after oil is got in squeezing,
(2) fermentation: 6% ratio by the rape stalk of whole shape (controlling water content is 15%) weight takes by weighing lime, prewet mix thoroughly with the rape stalk after, covered three days with film again, closing under the close situation of the heat and moisture preserving that covers at film, impel the lignin dissolution of rape stalk inside, carbon fibre is fully degraded soften degraded
Then, proportioning by described parts by weight of raw materials, rape stalk and all the other sucrose, oil cake, urea, manure of livestock and poultry with softening degraded are mixed into compound and it are built up stockpile, and all standing of usefulness film is 7 days on stockpile, carry out using the film all standing again 6 days after the turning first time, carry out using the film all standing again 5 days after the turning second time, carry out partly covering 4 days with film again after the turning for the third time, take off on heap, to bore behind the film and get through pore ventilation 4 days, promptly make nutrient base material
(3) stone: select build on the field of choosing length be 15 meters, wide be 5 meters mushroom canopy, in the mushroom canopy, make length and be 3 meters, wide be 1.5 meters railway carriage or compartment, ground, on the railway carriage or compartment, ground, lay nutrient base material again, the quantity of control laying nutrient base material is 40 kilograms/m
2,
(4) sowing: on the nutrient base material of laying, evenly sow bacterial classification, cover fine earth and get final product, treat that cultivated mushroom finishes after, discarded object field earth backing also on the spot can be improved soil quality, raising field clay fertilizer power effectively.
Embodiment two:
The method that the present invention proposes with rape stalk as nutritious base material cultured mushroom, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: the proportioning that each raw material measures by weight is:
1 part of rape stalk (water content is 10%),
0.001 part of sucrose,
0.05 part of oil cake,
0.002 part in urea,
0.8 part of manure of livestock and poultry,
Special-purpose fertile 0.05 part of mushroom,
Wherein oil cake is the residue of rape seed after oil is got in squeezing, and " mushroom is special-purpose fertile " is the commercially available commodity that sell in market,
(2) fermentation: take by weighing lime by 5% of whole shape rape stalk (the control water content is 10%) weight, prewet mix thoroughly with rape straw after, covered 3 days with film again, under the airtight situation that the film covering and heat insulating is preserved moisture, impel rape stalk inside lignin dissolution, make the fully softening degraded of carbon fibre
Then, rape stalk with softening degraded, take by weighing each raw material blending by the proportioning of described parts by weight of raw materials and build up stockpile, on stockpile,, carry out using the film all standing again 6 days after the turning first time, carry out using film all standing 5 days after the turning second time with film all standing 7 days, carry out partly covering 4 days with film again after the turning for the third time, take off on heap, to bore behind the film and get through pore ventilation 4 days, promptly make nutrient base material
(3) stone: select build on the field of choosing length be 12 meters, wide be 6 meters mushroom canopy, in the mushroom canopy, make length and be 2 meters, wide be 1 meter railway carriage or compartment, ground, the quantity of laying nutrient base material control laying nutrient base material again on the railway carriage or compartment, ground is 30 kilograms/m
2,
(4) sowing: on the nutrient base material of laying, evenly sow bacterial classification, cover fine earth and get final product, treat that cultivated mushroom finishes after, discarded object field earth backing also on the spot can be improved soil quality, raising field clay fertilizer power effectively.
Embodiment three:
The method that the present invention proposes with rape stalk as nutritious base material cultured mushroom, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: the proportioning that each raw material measures by weight is:
1 part of rape stalk (water content is 20%),
0.002 part of sucrose,
0.12 part of oil cake,
0.006 part in urea,
1.8 parts of manure of livestock and poultry,
Special-purpose fertile 0.08 part of mushroom,
Wherein oil cake is the residue of rape seed after oil is got in squeezing, and " mushroom is special-purpose fertile " is the commercially available commodity that sell in market,
(2)) fermentation: take by weighing lime by 7% of whole shape rape stalk (the control water content is 20%) weight, prewet mix thoroughly with rape straw after, covered 4 days with film again, under the airtight situation that the film covering and heat insulating is preserved moisture, impel rape stalk inside lignin dissolution, make the fully softening degraded of carbon fibre
Then, rape stalk with softening degraded, take by weighing each raw material blending by the proportioning of described parts by weight of raw materials and build up stockpile, on stockpile,, carry out using film all standing 7 days after the turning first time, carry out using film all standing 6 days after the turning second time with film all standing 8 days, carry out partly covering 4 days with film again after the turning for the third time, take off on heap, to bore behind the film and get through pore ventilation 4 days, promptly make nutrient base material
(3) stone: select build on the field of choosing length be 22 meters, wide be 8 meters mushroom canopy, in the mushroom canopy, make length and be 6 meters, wide be 2 meters railway carriage or compartment, ground, on the railway carriage or compartment, ground, lay nutrient base material again, the quantity of control laying nutrient base material is 50 kilograms/m
2,
(4) sowing: on the nutrient base material of laying, evenly sow bacterial classification, cover fine earth again and get final product.
Claims (2)
1. method with rape stalk as nutritious base material cultured mushroom, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: the proportioning that each raw material measures by weight is:
1 part of rape stalk,
Sucrose 0.001-0.002 part,
Oil cake 0.05-0.12 part,
Urea 0.002-0.006 part,
Manure of livestock and poultry 0.8-1.8 part,
(2) fermentation: weight portion proportioning in accordance with regulations takes by weighing each raw material blending and builds up stockpile, cover film on stockpile, at interval turning in 4-8 days once, the turning number of times is 3-4 time, promptly makes nutrient base material,
(3) stone: selecting railway carriage or compartment, on the railway carriage or compartment, ground, lay nutrient base material with building mushroom canopy, making on the field of choosing,
(4) sowing: evenly sow bacterial classification on the nutrient base material of laying, cover fine earth and get final product, it is characterized in that: in described material preparation step, the water content of control rape stalk is 10%-20%; In described fermentation step, also be included in and take by weighing before each raw material blending builds up stockpile, ratio in rape stalk weight 5%-7% takes by weighing lime earlier, prewet and rape straw is mixed thoroughly, covered 2-4 days with film, under the airtight situation that the film covering and heat insulating is preserved moisture, impel rape stalk inside lignin dissolution, make the process of the fully softening degraded of carbon fibre; In described stone step, the quantity of laying nutrient base material on the railway carriage or compartment, ground is controlled at 30-50 kilogram/m
2
2. according to the described method with rape stalk as nutritious base material cultured mushroom of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the step of getting the raw materials ready, can also add the special-purpose fertilizer of mushroom, the proportioning that its each raw material measures by weight is:
1 part of rape stalk,
Sucrose 0.001-0.002 part,
Oil cake 0.05-0.12 part,
Urea 0.002-0.006 part,
Manure of livestock and poultry 0.8-1.8 part,
The special-purpose fertile 0.05-0.08 part of pestering.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100816374A CN100475022C (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2004-12-30 | Method of mushroom culture using rape stalk as nutritious base material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100816374A CN100475022C (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2004-12-30 | Method of mushroom culture using rape stalk as nutritious base material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1631079A CN1631079A (en) | 2005-06-29 |
| CN100475022C true CN100475022C (en) | 2009-04-08 |
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| CNB2004100816374A Expired - Fee Related CN100475022C (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2004-12-30 | Method of mushroom culture using rape stalk as nutritious base material |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101423426B (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2010-12-29 | 四川省烟草公司凉山州公司 | Organic fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN101803535A (en) * | 2010-05-08 | 2010-08-18 | 镇江市食用菌研究所 | Method for cultivating edible fungi by rape pod shells |
| CN103314741B (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-11-05 | 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 | Method for biologically converting mushrooms by mixed materials of rape stalk |
| CN105103963A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-02 | 成都市富瑞达生物技术有限公司 | Agaricus bisporus cultivation method |
| CN105254403A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 成都市富瑞达生物技术有限公司 | Agaricus bisporus culture material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105724053B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2018-09-25 | 北川神侬农业发展有限公司 | A kind of field production method of hickory chick |
| CN106982646A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-28 | 王井龙 | It is a kind of that edible fungus culturing is combined the method for realizing manufacture of organic rice sustainable development with Rice Cropping |
| CN109089729A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-12-28 | 贵州高山百益食用菌发展有限公司 | A kind of making and use method of external source corncob nutrition packet |
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| EE01 | Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract |
Assignee: Mount Emei Health Industry Technology Co. Ltd. Assignor: Zhu Huagao Contract fulfillment period: 2009.9.1 to 2027.1.31 contract change Contract record no.: 2009510000031 Denomination of invention: Method of mushroom culture using rape stalk as nutritious base material Granted publication date: 20090408 License type: Fen Xuke Record date: 2009.9.15 |
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Free format text: SEPARATELY LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2009.9.1 TO 2027.1.31; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: EMEISHAN HEALTHY BACTERIA INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Effective date: 20090915 |
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Granted publication date: 20090408 Termination date: 20101230 |