CH627778A5 - Process for accelerating the solidification of fats or fat-containing compositions - Google Patents
Process for accelerating the solidification of fats or fat-containing compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CH627778A5 CH627778A5 CH1545276A CH1545276A CH627778A5 CH 627778 A5 CH627778 A5 CH 627778A5 CH 1545276 A CH1545276 A CH 1545276A CH 1545276 A CH1545276 A CH 1545276A CH 627778 A5 CH627778 A5 CH 627778A5
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- solidification
- fat
- fats
- triglycerides
- crystallization
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 title claims description 78
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 title claims description 78
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 title claims description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tristearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PVNIQBQSYATKKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripalmitin Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PVNIQBQSYATKKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001947 tripalmitin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 12
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- DUXYWXYOBMKGIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimyristin Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC DUXYWXYOBMKGIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTMYVTSWQJFCPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-tert-butylpyrimidin-5-yl)oxy-ethoxy-propan-2-yloxy-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane;[cyano-(4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl] 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OC(C)C)OC1=CN=C(C(C)(C)C)N=C1.CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=C(F)C(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 NTMYVTSWQJFCPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanobenzohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C#N TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930194845 Bahia Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000147568 Laurus nobilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017858 Laurus nobilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021360 Myristic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myristic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013367 dietary fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- LADGBHLMCUINGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricaprin Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC LADGBHLMCUINGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940113164 trimyristin Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G1/36—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the fats used
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS OR COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS OR COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils
- A23D9/007—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils characterised by ingredients other than fatty acid triglycerides
- A23D9/013—Other fatty acid esters, e.g. phosphatides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/56—Liquid products; Solid products in the form of powders, flakes or granules for making liquid products, e.g. for making chocolate milk, drinks and the products for their preparation, pastes for spreading or milk crumb
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B15/00—Solidifying fatty oils, fats, or waxes by physical processes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G2200/00—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF containing organic compounds, e.g. synthetic flavouring agents
- A23G2200/08—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF containing organic compounds, e.g. synthetic flavouring agents containing cocoa fat if specifically mentioned or containing products of cocoa fat or containing other fats, e.g. fatty acid, fatty alcohol, their esters, lecithin, paraffins
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19752555262 DE2555262B2 (de) | 1975-12-09 | 1975-12-09 | Erstarrungsbeschleuniger |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH627778A5 true CH627778A5 (en) | 1982-01-29 |
Family
ID=5963860
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1545276A CH627778A5 (en) | 1975-12-09 | 1976-12-08 | Process for accelerating the solidification of fats or fat-containing compositions |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5271390A (OSRAM) |
| BE (1) | BE849165A (OSRAM) |
| CH (1) | CH627778A5 (OSRAM) |
| DE (1) | DE2555262B2 (OSRAM) |
| FR (1) | FR2334747A1 (OSRAM) |
| GB (1) | GB1564363A (OSRAM) |
| IT (1) | IT1069590B (OSRAM) |
| NL (1) | NL187244C (OSRAM) |
Families Citing this family (39)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2916604C2 (de) * | 1979-04-24 | 1985-06-27 | Walter Rau Lebensmittelwerke GmbH & Co. KG, 4517 Hilter | Verfahren zum selektiven Gewinnen von Triglyceriden oder Gemischen von Triglyceriden höherer Fettsäuren in kristalliner Form aus natürlich vorkommenden Fetten und Ölen |
| GB2168071A (en) * | 1984-12-05 | 1986-06-11 | Cadbury Schweppes Plc | Anti-bloom agent for chocolate |
| GB8602946D0 (en) * | 1986-02-06 | 1986-03-12 | Cadbury Ltd | Tempering edible compositions |
| US4877636A (en) * | 1986-11-11 | 1989-10-31 | Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd. | Chocolate and chocolate additive |
| US4910037A (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1990-03-20 | Fuji Oil Company, Limited | Tempering accelerator and use thereof in chocolate |
| JPH07108185B2 (ja) * | 1987-12-14 | 1995-11-22 | 不二製油株式会社 | チョコレート類用ショートニング及びチョコレートの製造法 |
| GB9102349D0 (en) * | 1991-02-04 | 1991-03-20 | Unilever Plc | Improvements in edible fats |
| ATE130169T1 (de) * | 1991-10-03 | 1995-12-15 | Unilever Nv | Nicht-temperiertes fett für süsswaren. |
| DK0555917T4 (da) * | 1992-02-12 | 2008-06-16 | Loders Croklaan Bv | Ikke-temperbehandlede fyldningsfedtstoffer |
| JP3601071B2 (ja) * | 1994-03-11 | 2004-12-15 | 不二製油株式会社 | ブルーム防止剤並びにこれを含有するラウリン系油脂及びチョコレート類 |
| US6406732B1 (en) * | 1997-01-11 | 2002-06-18 | Mars Incorporated | Enhanced confectionery molding |
| WO2001056396A1 (en) * | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-09 | Nagarjuna Holdings Private Limited | Novel synergistic solid/semi-solid organic composition and a process of preparing such a composition |
| ATE329075T1 (de) * | 2002-06-12 | 2006-06-15 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Lotionen für vliesstoffe |
| DK1843665T3 (da) | 2004-07-13 | 2011-07-25 | Fuji Oil Europe | Fedtstoffer med lavt transindhold til konfektfedtsammensætninger med forbedret tekstur og krystallisationshastighed |
| BE1018629A3 (nl) * | 2009-01-16 | 2011-05-03 | Spaas Kaarsen | Werkwijze voor het laten stollen van een gedeeltelijk gekristalliseerde vloeistof. |
| KR102511744B1 (ko) | 2014-07-22 | 2023-03-20 | 닛신 오일리오그룹 가부시키가이샤 | 분말 유지 조성물, 분말 유지 조성물을 포함하는 식품 및 이들의 제조 방법 |
| JP6573404B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-26 | 2019-09-11 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | 粉末チョコレート |
| JP6571754B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-26 | 2019-09-04 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | クリーム類用粉末油脂組成物 |
| JP6639948B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-26 | 2020-02-05 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | ケーキ類用粉末油脂組成物 |
| JP6529597B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-24 | 2019-06-12 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | 粉末油脂組成物及びその製造方法 |
| WO2017126666A1 (ja) | 2016-01-21 | 2017-07-27 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | 液状成分の増粘剤 |
| JP6599247B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-21 | 2019-10-30 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | ノンフライ揚げ物用粉末油脂組成物 |
| EP3406695A4 (en) | 2016-01-21 | 2019-09-11 | The Nisshin OilliO Group, Ltd. | POWDERING AGENT FOR LIQUID COMPONENTS |
| JP6599246B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-21 | 2019-10-30 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | フライバッター液用粉末油脂組成物 |
| JP6532830B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-21 | 2019-06-19 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | コーティング用粉末油脂組成物 |
| EP3406696A4 (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2019-10-02 | The Nisshin OilliO Group, Ltd. | POWDERING AGENT FOR LIQUID INGREDIENTS |
| US11246322B2 (en) | 2016-01-21 | 2022-02-15 | The Nisshin Oillio Group, Ltd. | Thickener for liquid component |
| JP6525897B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-21 | 2019-06-05 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | タブレットの硬度調整剤 |
| JP6783018B2 (ja) * | 2016-09-23 | 2020-11-11 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | チョコレート用粉末油脂組成物 |
| WO2018174202A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-09-27 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | ドライウォーター用粉末油脂組成物 |
| WO2018174201A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-09-27 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | 粉末油脂組成物及びその製造方法 |
| JP6914068B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-23 | 2021-08-04 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | バッター液用粉末油脂組成物 |
| JP6393017B1 (ja) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-09-19 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | ドライウォーター用粉末油脂組成物 |
| JP7090982B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-28 | 2022-06-27 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | チョコレート |
| JP2019187383A (ja) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-31 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | トッピング用粉末油脂組成物 |
| JP7154694B2 (ja) * | 2018-07-13 | 2022-10-18 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | 可塑性油脂組成物 |
| WO2020026946A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-31 | 2020-02-06 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | ソフトカプセル充填用組成物、及びそれを充填したソフトカプセル |
| JP7490300B2 (ja) * | 2019-09-26 | 2024-05-27 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | 可塑性油脂組成物 |
| JP7003314B1 (ja) | 2021-04-30 | 2022-01-20 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | 粉末油脂組成物の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3170799A (en) * | 1961-11-28 | 1965-02-23 | Reuben O Feuge | Process of preparing stable triglycerides of fat forming acids |
| US3360376A (en) * | 1964-03-27 | 1967-12-26 | Procter & Gamble | Thixotropic shortening |
| US3892880A (en) * | 1969-08-19 | 1975-07-01 | Erhard Grolitsch | Method for the manufacture of crystalline, flowable, stable fat powders or mixtures of such fat powders with other powdery materials |
| US3853390A (en) * | 1972-08-21 | 1974-12-10 | Westport Dev Mfg Co | Hermetically sealed electrical connector |
-
1975
- 1975-12-09 DE DE19752555262 patent/DE2555262B2/de active Granted
-
1976
- 1976-12-07 IT IT5251176A patent/IT1069590B/it active
- 1976-12-07 GB GB5106576A patent/GB1564363A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-08 FR FR7636989A patent/FR2334747A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-12-08 BE BE173046A patent/BE849165A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-08 CH CH1545276A patent/CH627778A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-08 NL NL7613652A patent/NL187244C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-09 JP JP51148266A patent/JPS5271390A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7613652A (nl) | 1977-06-13 |
| NL187244C (nl) | 1991-07-16 |
| DE2555262C3 (OSRAM) | 1986-08-21 |
| DE2555262A1 (de) | 1977-06-16 |
| NL187244B (nl) | 1991-02-18 |
| GB1564363A (en) | 1980-04-10 |
| FR2334747A1 (fr) | 1977-07-08 |
| IT1069590B (it) | 1985-03-25 |
| JPS6137319B2 (OSRAM) | 1986-08-22 |
| FR2334747B1 (OSRAM) | 1980-03-28 |
| BE849165A (fr) | 1977-04-01 |
| JPS5271390A (en) | 1977-06-14 |
| DE2555262B2 (de) | 1981-05-21 |
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