CA1185398A - Fluorinated cation exchange membrane and process for producing the same - Google Patents

Fluorinated cation exchange membrane and process for producing the same

Info

Publication number
CA1185398A
CA1185398A CA000352671A CA352671A CA1185398A CA 1185398 A CA1185398 A CA 1185398A CA 000352671 A CA000352671 A CA 000352671A CA 352671 A CA352671 A CA 352671A CA 1185398 A CA1185398 A CA 1185398A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
membrane
fluorinated
cation exchange
exchange membrane
carboxylic acid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA000352671A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kyoji Kimoto
Hirotsugu Miyauchi
Jukichi Ohmura
Mikio Ebisawa
Toshioki Hane
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Asahi Kasei Corp
Original Assignee
Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP54067888A external-priority patent/JPS6045653B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP6788979A external-priority patent/JPS55160007A/ja
Priority claimed from JP54085852A external-priority patent/JPS5910658B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP9030279A external-priority patent/JPS5616460A/ja
Priority claimed from JP9030179A external-priority patent/JPS5912116B2/ja
Application filed by Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK filed Critical Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1185398A publication Critical patent/CA1185398A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D327/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D327/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms one oxygen atom and one sulfur atom
    • C07D327/04—Five-membered rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
    • C07C309/78—Halides of sulfonic acids
    • C07C309/79—Halides of sulfonic acids having halosulfonyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C309/82—Halides of sulfonic acids having halosulfonyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
    • C07C309/78—Halides of sulfonic acids
    • C07C309/79—Halides of sulfonic acids having halosulfonyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C309/84—Halides of sulfonic acids having halosulfonyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton substituted by carboxyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C317/00—Sulfones; Sulfoxides
    • C07C317/16—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C317/18—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
    • C07C323/10—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C323/11—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C323/12—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
    • C08F214/18—Monomers containing fluorine
    • C08F214/184—Monomers containing fluorine with fluorinated vinyl ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
    • C08F214/18—Monomers containing fluorine
    • C08F214/26—Tetrafluoroethene
    • C08F214/262—Tetrafluoroethene with fluorinated vinyl ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
    • C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
    • C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
    • C08F216/1466—Monomers containing sulfur
    • C08F216/1475—Monomers containing sulfur and oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
    • C08F8/04—Reduction, e.g. hydrogenation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
    • C08F8/12—Hydrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
    • C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
    • C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
    • C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • C08J5/2231—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
    • C08J5/2237—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds containing fluorine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
CA000352671A 1979-05-31 1980-05-26 Fluorinated cation exchange membrane and process for producing the same Expired CA1185398A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP67888/79 1979-05-31
JP54067888A JPS6045653B2 (ja) 1979-05-31 1979-05-31 新規なフツ素化陽イオン交換膜及びその製造方法
JP67889/79 1979-05-31
JP6788979A JPS55160007A (en) 1979-05-31 1979-05-31 Novel fluorinated copolymer and production thereof
JP85852/79 1979-07-09
JP54085852A JPS5910658B2 (ja) 1979-07-09 1979-07-09 新規なフツ素化ビニルエ−テル化合物及びその製法
JP9030279A JPS5616460A (en) 1979-07-18 1979-07-18 Novel fluorinated carboxylic acid derivative and its preparation
JP90302/79 1979-07-18
JP90301/79 1979-07-18
JP9030179A JPS5912116B2 (ja) 1979-07-18 1979-07-18 新規なフッ素化酸フッ化物及びその製造方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1185398A true CA1185398A (en) 1985-04-09

Family

ID=27524071

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000352671A Expired CA1185398A (en) 1979-05-31 1980-05-26 Fluorinated cation exchange membrane and process for producing the same
CA000432138A Expired CA1168263A (en) 1979-05-31 1983-07-08 Fluorinated cation exchange membrane and process for producing the same

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000432138A Expired CA1168263A (en) 1979-05-31 1983-07-08 Fluorinated cation exchange membrane and process for producing the same

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (4) US4329434A (en, 2012)
BR (1) BR8003432A (en, 2012)
CA (2) CA1185398A (en, 2012)
DE (4) DE3046501C2 (en, 2012)
FI (1) FI72530C (en, 2012)
FR (4) FR2457880B1 (en, 2012)
IN (1) IN154418B (en, 2012)
IT (1) IT1193942B (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL184740C (en, 2012)
NO (1) NO153398C (en, 2012)
PT (1) PT72131B (en, 2012)
SE (1) SE449999B (en, 2012)

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DE3050931C2 (de) * 1979-05-31 1994-06-09 Asahi Chemical Ind Fluorierte Carbonsäure-Derivate und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US4329435A (en) 1979-05-31 1982-05-11 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Novel fluorinated copolymer with tridihydro fluorosulfonyl fluoride pendant groups and preparation thereof
US4786442A (en) * 1980-04-03 1988-11-22 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Alkyl perfluoro(2-methyl-5-oxo-3-oxahexanoate)
JPS5792028A (en) * 1980-11-29 1982-06-08 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Fluorocarbon cation exchange membrane
US4399009A (en) * 1981-01-19 1983-08-16 Oronzio Denora Impianti Elettrochimici S.P.A. Electrolytic cell and method
JPS58199884A (ja) * 1982-05-18 1983-11-21 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 改良された電解用陽イオン交換膜
US4766248A (en) * 1982-07-19 1988-08-23 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company β-substituted polyfluoroethyl compounds
US4526948A (en) * 1983-12-27 1985-07-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fluorinated vinyl ethers, copolymers thereof, and precursors thereto
US4474899A (en) * 1983-12-27 1984-10-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for preparing ester fluorinated ion exchange polymer precursor by acid treatment of ether
US4556747A (en) * 1983-12-27 1985-12-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fluorinated vinyl ethers, copolymers thereof, and precursors thereto
US4590015A (en) * 1983-12-27 1986-05-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fluorinated polyether carboxylic acid fluorides
US4675453A (en) * 1983-12-27 1987-06-23 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process and intermediates for fluorinated vinyl ether monomer
EP0155173B1 (en) * 1984-03-12 1989-10-18 Tokuyama Soda Kabushiki Kaisha Process for preparation of fluorine-containing polymer films
EP0192143B1 (en) * 1985-02-09 1996-01-10 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Permeable polymer membrane for desiccation of gas
US4604323A (en) * 1985-02-22 1986-08-05 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Multilayer cation exchange membrane
CA1303062C (en) * 1986-09-19 1992-06-09 Paolo Cuzzato Process for the preparation of perfluoroacyl fluorides
DE3707367A1 (de) * 1987-03-07 1988-09-15 Hoechst Ag Umsetzung von hexafluorpropenoxid mit fluorierten carbonsaeurefluoriden
US4940525A (en) * 1987-05-08 1990-07-10 The Dow Chemical Company Low equivalent weight sulfonic fluoropolymers
US5006624A (en) * 1987-05-14 1991-04-09 The Dow Chemical Company Fluorocarbon containing, reactive polymeric surfactants and coating compositions therefrom
DE3850957T2 (de) * 1987-09-17 1995-03-30 Commw Scient Ind Res Org Neutralisierte perfluoro-3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octen sulphonyl fluorid kopolymer fläche zur befestigung und zucht tierischer zellen.
US5880241A (en) * 1995-01-24 1999-03-09 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Olefin polymers
US5830962A (en) * 1995-02-15 1998-11-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fluorinated ion-exchange polymers and intermediates therefor
US5475143A (en) * 1995-02-15 1995-12-12 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fluorinated ion-exchange polymers and intermediates therefor
US5536754A (en) * 1995-02-15 1996-07-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fluorinated ion-exchange polymers and intermediates therefor
SG60007A1 (en) * 1995-06-26 1999-02-22 Tokuyama Corp Fluorine-contained resin moulded articles
US5782472A (en) * 1995-09-25 1998-07-21 Steven R. Pyykkonen Device for combining a game of chance and craps
WO1998002207A1 (en) * 1996-07-12 1998-01-22 Empi, Inc. Iontophoresis electrode
US5871461A (en) * 1996-07-12 1999-02-16 Empi, Inc. Method of making an iontophoresis electrode
US6285816B1 (en) * 1999-04-13 2001-09-04 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Waveguide
DE10159191B4 (de) * 2001-11-29 2006-05-11 Leibniz-Institut Für Polymerforschung Dresden E.V. Modifizierte Hohlfasermembranmaterialien und Verfahren zu ihrer Modifizierung
WO2003104293A1 (es) * 2002-06-07 2003-12-18 David Fuel Cell Components, S.L. Método de obtención de polímeros perfluorosulfonados que contienen grupos funcionales sulfonilo
US6624328B1 (en) 2002-12-17 2003-09-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Preparation of perfluorinated vinyl ethers having a sulfonyl fluoride end-group
US7348088B2 (en) * 2002-12-19 2008-03-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Polymer electrolyte membrane
ITMI20030444A1 (it) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-12 Solvay Solexis Spa Processo per preparare (per)fluoroalogenoeteri.
ATE482929T1 (de) * 2003-07-04 2010-10-15 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Verfahren zur herstellung fluorierter sulfonylfluoride
RU2015114330A (ru) 2012-09-17 2016-11-10 У.Р. Грейс Энд Ко.-Конн. Хроматографические среды и устройства
CA2919820C (en) 2013-07-31 2022-07-19 Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research Anion exchange membrane for electrodialysis applications and process for the preparation thereof
CN107847907A (zh) 2014-05-02 2018-03-27 格雷斯公司 官能化载体材料以及制备和使用官能化载体材料的方法
SG10201911134QA (en) 2015-06-05 2020-01-30 Grace W R & Co Adsorbent bioprocessing clarification agents and methods of making and using the same
US10756373B2 (en) * 2017-12-22 2020-08-25 Chinbay Q. Fan Fuel cell system and method of providing surfactant fuel bubbles
US11905350B2 (en) 2019-09-09 2024-02-20 Compact Membrane Systems, Inc. Gas permeable fluoropolymers and ionomers

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US3062879A (en) * 1961-05-15 1962-11-06 Du Pont Process for preparing perfluoroalkanedioic acids
US3624053A (en) * 1963-06-24 1971-11-30 Du Pont Trifluorovinyl sulfonic acid polymers
US3301893A (en) * 1963-08-05 1967-01-31 Du Pont Fluorocarbon ethers containing sulfonyl groups
US3282875A (en) * 1964-07-22 1966-11-01 Du Pont Fluorocarbon vinyl ether polymers
GB1034197A (en) * 1963-09-13 1966-06-29 Du Pont Sulphonic acid derivatives of fluorocarbon vinyl ethers, and polymers thereof
US3437686A (en) * 1966-03-07 1969-04-08 Ashland Oil Inc Perfluorinated thiodiglycolic acid and derivatives thereof
CA1026038A (en) * 1973-06-14 1978-02-07 Foster Grant Co. Styrene-acrylonitrile grafted polybutadiene polymeric composition having high impact at low rubber levels
US4178218A (en) * 1974-03-07 1979-12-11 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cation exchange membrane and use thereof in the electrolysis of sodium chloride
JPS551351B2 (en, 2012) * 1974-03-07 1980-01-12
JPS5177241A (ja) 1974-12-11 1976-07-05 Hiroo Nakamoto Denshishashinyofukushasochi
IT1061477B (it) * 1975-07-09 1983-02-28 Asahi Chemical Ind Membrana scambiatrice di cationi sua preparazione e suo impiego
US4151053A (en) * 1975-07-09 1979-04-24 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cation exchange membrane preparation and use thereof
JPS5224176A (en) * 1975-07-09 1977-02-23 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Cathion exchange membrane
JPS5224177A (en) * 1975-07-09 1977-02-23 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Manufacturing method of fluorocarbon cathion exchange membrane
JPS5223192A (en) * 1975-08-15 1977-02-21 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Preparation of improved fluoropolymer bearing cation exchange groups
JPS5228588A (en) * 1975-08-29 1977-03-03 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Method for manufacturing an improved fluoropolymer having cation excha nge groups
GB1518387A (en) * 1975-08-29 1978-07-19 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Fluorinated cation exchange membrane and use thereof in electrolysis of an alkali metal halide
JPS5833249B2 (ja) 1975-09-19 1983-07-19 旭硝子株式会社 含フツ素陽イオン交換樹脂膜
BG23472A1 (en, 2012) 1975-12-05 1977-09-15
JPS5284191A (en) * 1975-12-30 1977-07-13 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Improved f-contg. cation exchange resin membrane
NL187439C (nl) * 1976-08-06 1991-10-01 Montedison Spa Werkwijze voor het bereiden van fluorbevattende copolymeren, werkwijze voor het verknopen van copolymeren, membraan voor elektrolyse cel en werkwijze voor de bereiding van gefluoreerde alkenen.
JPS5349090A (en) * 1976-10-15 1978-05-04 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Preparation of fluorinated plymer containing ion exchange group
JPS5359842U (en, 2012) * 1976-10-25 1978-05-22
FR2388012A1 (fr) * 1977-04-20 1978-11-17 Du Pont Polymere fluore echangeur d'ions contenant des groupes carboxyliques et pellicules et membranes constituees de ce polymere
FR2388013B1 (fr) * 1977-04-20 1985-08-02 Du Pont Polymeres fluores echangeurs d'ions contenant des groupes carboxyliques, leur preparation et leur utilisation dans des cellules d'electrolyse chlore-alcali
US4176215A (en) * 1978-03-13 1979-11-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Ion-exchange structures of copolymer blends useful in electrolytic cells

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3050439C2 (en, 2012) 1989-11-09
FI801733A7 (fi) 1980-12-01
NL8003174A (nl) 1980-12-02
US4510328A (en) 1985-04-09
PT72131B (en) 1981-09-24
US4597913A (en) 1986-07-01
NL184740C (nl) 1989-10-16
FR2483431A1 (fr) 1981-12-04
DE3046501A1 (de) 1983-02-17
FR2508039B1 (en, 2012) 1985-02-15
IT8022468A0 (it) 1980-05-30
US4555369A (en) 1985-11-26
US4329434A (en) 1982-05-11
DE3050439A1 (en, 2012) 1982-07-22
DE3050782C2 (en, 2012) 1988-05-26
FR2483431B1 (fr) 1986-03-21
BR8003432A (pt) 1981-01-05
DE3020057A1 (de) 1981-05-27
NO153398B (no) 1985-12-02
CA1168263A (en) 1984-05-29
FR2457880A1 (en, 2012) 1980-12-26
IT1193942B (it) 1988-08-31
FR2473533B1 (fr) 1986-02-28
NO801637L (no) 1980-12-01
SE8003901L (sv) 1980-12-01
IN154418B (en, 2012) 1984-10-27
FI72530C (fi) 1987-06-08
FR2473533A1 (fr) 1981-07-17
FR2457880B1 (en, 2012) 1986-07-04
PT72131A (en) 1980-12-01
DE3046501C2 (de) 1987-04-23
NO153398C (no) 1986-03-12
DE3020057C2 (en, 2012) 1987-06-25
SE449999B (sv) 1987-06-01
FI72530B (fi) 1987-02-27
FR2508039A1 (en, 2012) 1982-12-24

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