YU32292A - Postupak za proizvodnju vinilacetata - Google Patents
Postupak za proizvodnju vinilacetataInfo
- Publication number
- YU32292A YU32292A YU32292A YU32292A YU32292A YU 32292 A YU32292 A YU 32292A YU 32292 A YU32292 A YU 32292A YU 32292 A YU32292 A YU 32292A YU 32292 A YU32292 A YU 32292A
- Authority
- YU
- Yugoslavia
- Prior art keywords
- carrier particles
- compounds
- sio2
- impregnated
- oxygen
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0205—Impregnation in several steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/58—Platinum group metals with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/60—Platinum group metals with zinc, cadmium or mercury
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/04—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides onto unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- C07C67/05—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides onto unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds with oxidation
- C07C67/055—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides onto unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds with oxidation in the presence of platinum group metals or their compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
POSTUPAK ZA PROIZVODNJU VINILACETATA, predloženi pronalazak se odnosi na proizvodnju vinilacetata u gasnoj fazi, od etilena, sirćetne kiseline i kiseonika, ili gasova koji sadrže kiseonik. Katalizator, koji se koristi tom prilikom, sadrži paladijum i/ili njegova jedinjenja ili alkalna jedinjenja uz dodatak kadmijumovih jedinjenja i/ili zlata i/ili njegovih jedinjenja na delićima nosača. Delići nosača katalizatora su proizvedeni presovanjem SiO2 ili smeše SiO2Al2O3 uz pomoć vezivnog sredstva, koje se sastoji od jedne ili više Li, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe ili Mn soli C2-C26 karboksilne kiseline a zatim žarene u gasovima koji sadrže kiseonik, na 500-900В°C od 0,25-5 sati, posle čega imaju površinu od 50-250m2/g i zapreminu pora 0,4-1,2ml/g pri veličini delića 1-15mm. Zapreminu pora od 5-20% čine pore poluprečnika 2x10-5 do 3x10-4mm a 50-90% zapremine pora čine pore poluprečnika 7x10-6 do 1x10-5mm. Žareni delići nosača se ispiraju kiselinom, koja ne reaguje sa SiO2 ili sa smešama SiO2-Al2O3 sve dotle, dok ne prestane odvajanje katjona vezivnog sredstva; zatim se delići nosača impregniraju sa palidijumom kao i sa zlatom i kadmijumom; i tako impregnirani delići nosača dovode u kontakt sa rastvorom baze i zadržavaju se u tom stanju toliko vremena, koliko je potrebno, da se debljina ljuske plemenitog metala, koja je nastala na delićima nosača, bitno više ne promeni; zatim se delići nosača impregniraju alkalnim jedinjenjem.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4120492A DE4120492A1 (de) | 1991-06-21 | 1991-06-21 | Verfahren zur herstellung von vinylacetat |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
YU32292A true YU32292A (sh) | 1995-10-03 |
Family
ID=6434437
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
YU32292A YU32292A (sh) | 1991-06-21 | 1992-03-30 | Postupak za proizvodnju vinilacetata |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5250487A (sh) |
EP (1) | EP0519435B1 (sh) |
JP (1) | JPH05184927A (sh) |
KR (1) | KR100213843B1 (sh) |
CN (1) | CN1031927C (sh) |
AU (1) | AU650142B2 (sh) |
BG (1) | BG60581B1 (sh) |
BR (1) | BR9202328A (sh) |
CA (1) | CA2071699A1 (sh) |
CZ (1) | CZ287259B6 (sh) |
DE (2) | DE4120492A1 (sh) |
ES (1) | ES2072053T3 (sh) |
MX (1) | MX9203016A (sh) |
PL (1) | PL168402B1 (sh) |
RU (1) | RU2056405C1 (sh) |
SG (1) | SG44750A1 (sh) |
TR (1) | TR27174A (sh) |
TW (1) | TW213870B (sh) |
YU (1) | YU32292A (sh) |
Families Citing this family (66)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5314858A (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1994-05-24 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Vinyl acetate catalyst preparation method |
DE4323981C1 (de) * | 1993-07-16 | 1995-03-09 | Hoechst Ag | Palladium und Kalium sowie Cadmium, Barium oder Gold enthaltender Schalenkatalysator, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung zur Herstellung von Vinylacetat |
DE4323980C1 (de) * | 1993-07-16 | 1995-03-30 | Hoechst Ag | Palladium und Kalium sowie Cadmium, Barium oder Gold enthaltender Schalenkatalysator, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung zur Herstellung von Vinylacetat |
DE4323978C1 (de) * | 1993-07-16 | 1995-02-16 | Hoechst Ag | Palladium und Kalium sowie Cadmium, Barium oder Gold enthaltender Schalenkatalysator, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung zur Herstellung von Vinylacetat |
CA2135021A1 (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-05-20 | David J. Gulliver | Process for the preparation of catalysts for use in the production of vinyl acetate |
DE4405245A1 (de) * | 1994-02-18 | 1995-08-24 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Hitzestabilen Siliconkautschuk ergebende additionsvernetzende Massen |
US5665667A (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1997-09-09 | The Standard Oil Company | Process for the preparation of vinyl acetate catalyst |
US5536693A (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1996-07-16 | The Standard Oil Company | Process for the preparation of vinyl acetate catalyst |
FR2720956B1 (fr) * | 1994-06-09 | 1996-08-30 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseur d'hydrogénation contenant du palladium, au moins un élément du groupe IB et au moins un métal alcalin et procédé d'hydrogénation catalytique utilisant ce catalyseur. |
EP0686615B2 (fr) * | 1994-06-09 | 2007-06-27 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Procédé d'hydrogénation catalytique et catalyseur utilisable dans ce procédé |
DE69620740T2 (de) | 1995-01-20 | 2002-08-22 | Engelhard Corp., Iselin | Vorrichtung zur schadstoffentfernung aus umgebungsluft in der motorhaube eines fahrzeuges |
US6818254B1 (en) | 1995-01-20 | 2004-11-16 | Engelhard Corporation | Stable slurries of catalytically active materials |
US6200542B1 (en) | 1995-01-20 | 2001-03-13 | Engelhard Corporation | Method and apparatus for treating the atmosphere |
DE19501891C1 (de) * | 1995-01-23 | 1996-09-26 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Trägerkatalysators und seine Verwendung für die Produktion von Vinylacetat |
US5749851A (en) * | 1995-03-02 | 1998-05-12 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Stent installation method using balloon catheter having stepped compliance curve |
DE19538799A1 (de) * | 1995-10-18 | 1997-04-24 | Sued Chemie Ag | Wabenförmiger Katalysatorträger |
US5688993A (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-11-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method for modifying catalyst performance during the gas phase synthesis of vinyl acetate |
DE19601861A1 (de) * | 1996-01-19 | 1997-07-24 | Sued Chemie Ag | Kieselsäurehaltiger Katalysatorträger mit erhöhter Porosität |
US5728788A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1998-03-17 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Process of producing vinyl acetate polymer |
DE19613791C2 (de) * | 1996-04-04 | 2002-01-31 | Celanese Chem Europe Gmbh | Katalysator, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vinylacetat |
DE69702313T2 (de) * | 1996-04-16 | 2001-01-25 | Hoechst Celanese Corp., Warren | Verfahren zur zweistufigen goldauftragung für die herstellung eines katalysators für die herstellung von vinylacetat |
DE19619961A1 (de) * | 1996-05-17 | 1997-11-20 | Degussa | Preßlinge auf Basis von pyrogen hergestelltem Siliciumdioxid |
US6207610B1 (en) | 1996-05-17 | 2001-03-27 | Degussa-Huls Ag | Compacts based on pyrogenically produced silicon dioxide |
SA97180048B1 (ar) * | 1996-05-24 | 2005-12-21 | هوكست سيلانس كوربوريشن | محفز بلاديوم - ذهب palladium gold ثنائي المعدن متغاير الخواص heterogeneous bimetallic vinyl acetate لإنتاج أسيتات فينيل |
US5731457A (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1998-03-24 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Vinyl acetate process utilizing a palladium-gold-copper catalyst |
US5968869A (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1999-10-19 | Celanese International Corporation | Vinyl acetate catalyst comprising palladium and gold deposited on a copper containing carrier |
US5859287A (en) * | 1997-10-30 | 1999-01-12 | Celanese International Corporation | Process for preparing vinyl acetate utilizing a catalyst comprising palladium, gold, and any of certain third metals |
DE19750238A1 (de) | 1997-11-13 | 1999-05-27 | Degussa | Preßlinge auf Basis von pyrogen hergestelltem Siliciumdioxid |
DE19754992C2 (de) * | 1997-12-11 | 2000-03-23 | Celanese Chem Europe Gmbh | Katalysator, Verfahren zur Herstellung des Katalysators und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vinylacetat unter Einsatz des Katalysators |
DE19755023C2 (de) * | 1997-12-11 | 2000-03-09 | Celanese Chem Europe Gmbh | Katalysator und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vinylacetat |
DE19755022C2 (de) * | 1997-12-11 | 2000-03-09 | Celanese Chem Europe Gmbh | Katalysator und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vinylacetat |
DE19754991C2 (de) * | 1997-12-11 | 2000-03-23 | Celanese Chem Europe Gmbh | Katalysator, Verfahren zur Herstellung des Katalysators und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vinylacetat unter Einsatz des Katalysators |
US6072078A (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 2000-06-06 | Celanese International Corporation | Vinyl acetate production using a catalyst comprising palladium, gold, copper and any of certain fourth metals |
US6156283A (en) | 1998-03-23 | 2000-12-05 | Engelhard Corporation | Hydrophobic catalytic materials and method of forming the same |
TW471982B (en) | 1998-06-02 | 2002-01-11 | Dairen Chemical Corp | Catalyst manufacture method and its use for preparing vinyl acetate |
DE19828491A1 (de) * | 1998-06-26 | 1999-12-30 | Degussa | Formkörper auf Basis von Siliciumdioxid |
DE19834569A1 (de) * | 1998-07-31 | 2000-02-03 | Celanese Chem Europe Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Trägerkatalysatoren sowie deren Verwendung für die Herstellung von Vinylacetatmonomer |
DE19843845A1 (de) * | 1998-09-24 | 2000-03-30 | Degussa | Formkörper, bestehend aus pyrogenem Mischoxid und deren Verwendung |
DE19843693A1 (de) * | 1998-09-24 | 2000-03-30 | Degussa | Trägerkatalysator für die Produktion von Vinylacetatmonomer |
CN1089638C (zh) * | 1998-10-12 | 2002-08-28 | 大连化学工业股份有限公司 | 催化剂的制法及其在制备乙酸烯酯中的用途 |
CN1090996C (zh) * | 1999-03-30 | 2002-09-18 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | 生产醋酸乙烯催化剂的制备方法 |
DE19920390C2 (de) * | 1999-05-04 | 2002-08-01 | Celanese Chem Europe Gmbh | Katalysator und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vinylacetat |
CN1109578C (zh) * | 1999-05-26 | 2003-05-28 | 冯士光 | 一种汽车排气净化催化剂及其净化装置 |
ATE361784T1 (de) * | 2000-11-09 | 2007-06-15 | Dairen Chemical Corp | Verfahren zur herstellung von katalysatoren |
DE10104882B4 (de) * | 2001-02-01 | 2005-01-05 | Helsa-Werke Helmut Sandler Gmbh & Co. Kg | Aktivkohleformkörper, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, dessen Verwendung sowie Verfahren zur Regeneration desselben |
CA2448322A1 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-10 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for preparing a group viii-metal containing catalyst, use thereof for preparing an alkenyl carboxylate |
JP4421201B2 (ja) | 2002-03-27 | 2010-02-24 | シエル・インターナシヨナル・リサーチ・マートスハツペイ・ベー・ヴエー | 触媒を調製する方法、触媒、および触媒の使用 |
EP1663481B1 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2009-02-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Nanoscale gold catalysts, activating agents, support media, and related methodologies useful for making such catalyst systems especially when the gold is deposited onto the support media using physical vapor deposition |
US7381683B1 (en) | 2004-10-28 | 2008-06-03 | Nanostellar, Inc. | Method of producing multi-component catalysts |
US7381682B1 (en) | 2004-10-28 | 2008-06-03 | Nanostellar, Inc. | Method for producing heterogeneous catalysts containing metal nanoparticles |
TW200704436A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-02-01 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Vinyl acetate catalyst and support |
US8168562B2 (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2012-05-01 | Lyondell Chemical Technology, L.P. | Preparation of palladium-gold catalysts |
WO2008064152A2 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-05-29 | Nanostellar, Inc. | Method for producing heterogeneous catalysts containing metal nanoparticles |
DE102007025362A1 (de) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Süd-Chemie AG | Dotierter Pd/Au-Schalenkatalysator, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung |
DE102007025444A1 (de) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Süd-Chemie AG | VAM-Schalenkatalysator, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung |
DE102007025315A1 (de) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Süd-Chemie AG | Katalysator zur selektiven Hydrierung acetylenischer Kohlenwasserstoffe und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE102007025443A1 (de) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-04 | Süd-Chemie AG | Pd/Au-Schalenkatalysator enthaltend HfO2, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung |
DE102007025442B4 (de) * | 2007-05-31 | 2023-03-02 | Clariant International Ltd. | Verwendung einer Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Schalenkatalysators und Schalenkatalysator |
DE102007025223A1 (de) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-04 | Süd-Chemie AG | Zirkoniumoxid-dotierter VAM-Schalenkatalysator, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung |
DE102007047430A1 (de) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-09 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Katalysator |
DE102008059341A1 (de) | 2008-11-30 | 2010-06-10 | Süd-Chemie AG | Katalysatorträger, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie Verwendung |
US8314267B2 (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2012-11-20 | Uop Llc | Carbohydrate route to para-xylene and terephthalic acid |
WO2011104170A1 (en) | 2010-02-24 | 2011-09-01 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Thermally and mechanically stable precious metal-loaded catalysts |
DE102012008714A1 (de) * | 2012-05-03 | 2013-11-07 | Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh | Vorimprägnierung von Schalenkatalysatoren mit einem Acetat |
CN105647772B (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2018-08-07 | 淮阴工学院 | 基于白酒催陈剂的催陈老熟方法 |
CN110523412A (zh) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-12-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 偶联合成草酸二甲酯用钯催化剂及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1249255B (de) * | 1964-07-17 | 1967-09-07 | Farbenfabriken Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusen | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkenylacetaten |
CH534005A (de) * | 1968-02-01 | 1973-02-28 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Palladium und Gold enthaltenden Katalysators |
US3939199A (en) * | 1971-01-06 | 1976-02-17 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Oxacylation of olefins in the gaseous phase |
DE2315037C3 (de) * | 1973-03-26 | 1978-03-09 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur Herstellung von ungesättigten Estern von Carbonsäuren |
US4048096A (en) * | 1976-04-12 | 1977-09-13 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Surface impregnated catalyst |
DE2811115A1 (de) * | 1978-03-15 | 1979-09-27 | Hoechst Ag | Traeger-katalysator fuer die herstellung von vinylacetat aus ethylen, essigsaeure und sauerstoff in der gasphase |
DE3803900A1 (de) * | 1988-02-09 | 1989-08-17 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von vinylacetat |
DE3919524A1 (de) * | 1989-06-15 | 1990-12-20 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von vinylacetat |
DE3940125A1 (de) * | 1989-12-05 | 1991-06-06 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von vinylacetat |
EP0464633B1 (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 1994-01-19 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Catalyst and process for producing unsaturated ester |
-
1991
- 1991-06-21 DE DE4120492A patent/DE4120492A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-03-30 YU YU32292A patent/YU32292A/sh unknown
- 1992-06-01 TW TW081104275A patent/TW213870B/zh active
- 1992-06-11 PL PL92294869A patent/PL168402B1/pl unknown
- 1992-06-15 BG BG96465A patent/BG60581B1/bg unknown
- 1992-06-17 DE DE59201636T patent/DE59201636D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-17 SG SG1996006902A patent/SG44750A1/en unknown
- 1992-06-17 ES ES92110246T patent/ES2072053T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-17 EP EP92110246A patent/EP0519435B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-18 MX MX9203016A patent/MX9203016A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-18 US US07/900,839 patent/US5250487A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-19 BR BR929202328A patent/BR9202328A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-19 JP JP4161360A patent/JPH05184927A/ja active Pending
- 1992-06-19 RU SU925011720A patent/RU2056405C1/ru active
- 1992-06-19 CA CA002071699A patent/CA2071699A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-06-19 TR TR00621/92A patent/TR27174A/xx unknown
- 1992-06-19 KR KR1019920010651A patent/KR100213843B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-19 AU AU18354/92A patent/AU650142B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-06-19 CZ CS19921903A patent/CZ287259B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-20 CN CN92104838A patent/CN1031927C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-04-07 US US08/044,212 patent/US5292931A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU650142B2 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
US5292931A (en) | 1994-03-08 |
ES2072053T3 (es) | 1995-07-01 |
RU2056405C1 (ru) | 1996-03-20 |
PL294869A1 (en) | 1993-02-22 |
BG60581B1 (bg) | 1995-09-29 |
CZ190392A3 (en) | 1993-01-13 |
CN1031927C (zh) | 1996-06-05 |
CZ287259B6 (cs) | 2000-10-11 |
PL168402B1 (pl) | 1996-02-29 |
TR27174A (tr) | 1994-11-10 |
EP0519435A1 (de) | 1992-12-23 |
AU1835492A (en) | 1992-12-24 |
SG44750A1 (en) | 1997-12-19 |
DE59201636D1 (de) | 1995-04-20 |
KR930000159A (ko) | 1993-01-15 |
CN1068051A (zh) | 1993-01-20 |
MX9203016A (es) | 1992-12-01 |
US5250487A (en) | 1993-10-05 |
BG96465A (en) | 1994-03-31 |
BR9202328A (pt) | 1993-01-19 |
DE4120492A1 (de) | 1992-12-24 |
JPH05184927A (ja) | 1993-07-27 |
KR100213843B1 (ko) | 1999-08-02 |
TW213870B (sh) | 1993-10-01 |
CA2071699A1 (en) | 1992-12-22 |
EP0519435B1 (de) | 1995-03-15 |
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