WO2023032845A1 - 一酸化珪素粉末及びリチウムイオン二次電池用負極活物質 - Google Patents
一酸化珪素粉末及びリチウムイオン二次電池用負極活物質 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023032845A1 WO2023032845A1 PCT/JP2022/032209 JP2022032209W WO2023032845A1 WO 2023032845 A1 WO2023032845 A1 WO 2023032845A1 JP 2022032209 W JP2022032209 W JP 2022032209W WO 2023032845 A1 WO2023032845 A1 WO 2023032845A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sio
- powder
- gas
- negative electrode
- silicon monoxide
- Prior art date
Links
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 422
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims description 46
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 22
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 22
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006223 plastic coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010281 constant-current constant-voltage charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel-cobalt-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009829 pitch coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007425 progressive decline Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005092 sublimation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/483—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides for non-aqueous cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to silicon monoxide powder and a negative electrode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries.
- SiO silicon monoxide
- metal silicon powder hereinafter also referred to as “Si” or “Si powder”
- silica powder hereinafter referred to as , SiO 2 or SiO 2 powder
- the SiO gas is vapor-deposited on a vapor deposition plate, cooled, and solidified into bulk SiO.
- SiO gas In order to generate SiO gas, it is necessary to increase the number of contact points between Si/SiO 2 powders, and the fine powders are mixed and granulated or compacted in some way to increase the contact points to promote the reaction.
- a higher reaction temperature is desirable, but if the reaction temperature is too high, the metallic silicon Si will melt, making it difficult to retain the liquid.
- it is effective to press the powders strongly, but there is a limit because both Si and SiO 2 are ceramics and do not deform.
- Non-Patent Document 1 SiO 2 +C ⁇ SiO + CO (2) SiO+C ⁇ Si+CO (3) SiO 2 +2C ⁇ Si+2CO It is desirable to stop at the above step (1) of C reduction of SiO 2 and extract only SiO.
- the processes (1) to (3) occur continuously in the reducing furnace, and the generated SiO gas undergoes the reaction (2) immediately in the molten metal to generate molten Si.
- Patent Documents 8 and 9 methods for producing fine SiO 2 or composite oxides of fine SiO 2 + another oxide by explosive combustion of Si and O 2 are disclosed in the following prior art documents (Patent Documents 8 and 9).
- Patent Document 9 it is devised that "metallic silicon powder is supplied into an oxygen-containing gas stream and burned to form silicon dioxide powder having an average particle size of 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m", and fine SiO 2 powder. is already known.
- Patent Documents 10 and 11 the details of the invention are unknown because the conditions are not specifically described.
- SiO is generated in a plasma jet, which is completely different from the generation reaction in a flame containing O 2 .
- Patent Document 11 SiO generation by oxidation in flame and SiNx generation by flame nitridation in the next step are continuously performed, and it is not known whether only SiO can be extracted by flame oxidation.
- SiO powder as a negative electrode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries (LIB)
- SiO powder that is amorphous and has a low disproportionation rate has been desired.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a silicon monoxide powder that is amorphous and has a low disproportionation rate.
- the present invention provides a silicon monoxide (SiO) powder made of silicon monoxide (SiO), wherein the silicon monoxide (SiO) powder is subjected to X-ray diffraction using Cu—K ⁇ rays.
- SiO silicon monoxide
- the silicon monoxide (SiO) powder is subjected to X-ray diffraction using Cu—K ⁇ rays.
- a silicon monoxide (SiO) powder characterized by:
- Such SiO powder is amorphous SiO powder and has a low disproportionation rate.
- x is preferably in the range of 0.8 ⁇ X ⁇ 1.2.
- the SiO powder can have good characteristics.
- the silicon monoxide (SiO) powder is produced by oxidizing metal silicon (Si) powder, which is a raw material, using reaction heat of oxygen gas and combustible gas in an air stream as an energy source. is preferred.
- Such a manufacturing method is an amorphous SiO powder as described above, and can easily obtain an SiO powder with a low disproportionation rate with high productivity.
- the present invention also provides a negative electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery, which is characterized in that the surface of the SiO powder is coated with a conductive film.
- Such a negative electrode active material has good characteristics as a negative electrode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries because a conductive film is formed.
- the silicon monoxide (SiO) powder is doped with lithium.
- Such a negative electrode active material can improve the initial efficiency.
- the present invention also provides a negative electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries, characterized by comprising the negative electrode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries described above.
- the present invention applies to a lithium ion secondary battery characterized by comprising a negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, a positive electrode, a non-aqueous electrolyte, and a separator.
- the negative electrode and lithium ion secondary battery using these SiO powders of the present invention can obtain good characteristics because the SiO powder is amorphous and has a low degree of disproportionation.
- the SiO powder of the present invention is amorphous SiO powder and has a low disproportionation rate.
- the SiO powder of the present invention can be particularly preferably used as a negative electrode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries, in addition to glass and plastic coating applications.
- such a negative electrode material can be widely used as a high-capacity negative electrode material for mobile devices such as smartphones and smart watches, and batteries for electric vehicles.
- FIG. 4 is an X-ray diffraction chart of each of the SiO powder of the present invention and the SiO powder produced by the conventional method.
- 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a combustion apparatus that can be used when producing the SiO powder of the present invention;
- FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction chart of the SiO powder of the present invention and its heat treatment. It is a cross-sectional TEM image of the SiO powder of the present invention coated with a carbon film.
- 1 is a binary phase diagram of Si—O;
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the cycle characteristics of a negative electrode having a mixed negative electrode active material comprising a carbon film-coated SiO powder of the present invention and a graphite powder.
- 1 is a graph showing charge-discharge characteristics using a negative electrode using the SiO powder of the present invention as a negative electrode active material.
- 1 is a graph showing charge-discharge characteristics of a negative electrode using SiO powder of the present invention as a negative electrode active material and a negative electrode using graphite as a negative electrode active material.
- 5 is a graph showing cycle characteristics of a negative electrode using SiO powder obtained by a conventional SiO powder manufacturing method as a negative electrode active material.
- x is preferably in the range of 0.8 ⁇ X ⁇ 1.2.
- Such silicon monoxide (SiO) can be produced by oxidizing metallic silicon (Si) powder, which is a raw material, using the reaction heat of oxygen gas and combustible gas in an air stream as an energy source.
- silicon monoxide powder SiOx, especially SiO
- SiO silicon monoxide powder
- metal silicon powder also referred to as “Si powder”
- oxygen gas hereinafter O 2
- SiO can be produced while controlling the oxidation reaction using heat generation and combustion heat of combustible gas as main energy.
- the elementary process of SiO formation is not clearly understood, and there are various routes such as “gasification ⁇ rapid solidification”, “melt liquefaction ⁇ gasification ⁇ rapid solidification”, and “mixture of liquefied silicon + gasified silicon ⁇ rapid solidification”. can be considered.
- the generated SiO is amorphous by rapid cooling from a gaseous state, and is suitable as a SiO negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries.
- FIG. 5 shows a binary phase diagram of Si—O.
- the source of the data of formula (1) is industrial gunpowder Vol.48, No.3, 1987, p. 151, and the source of the data of formula (2) is Chemistry Handbook, Basic Edition, Revised 5th Edition, Maruzen Publishing, February 2004 (II-291 to II-300, "10.10 Standard Enthalpy of Formation, Standard Entropy, and Standard Formation Gibbs Energy”).
- the Si(c)+1/2O 2 (g) ⁇ SiO(g) oxidation heat generation and Si(g) gasification heat absorption, which is a prerequisite for the generation of SiO gas, are more than four times higher and do not match each other. Therefore, it is not possible to produce SiO mainly by heat generated by Si oxidation, which is the same as the production of SiO 2 . Therefore, in the present invention, while mainly raising the temperature by heat generated by combustible gas combustion for SiO generation, heat generated by oxidation of Si powder with a controlled O2 amount is also added to control the oxidation reaction in the flame . , so that the production reaction stays at SiO.
- Fig. 2 shows an example of a combustion device (combustion reactor) that is important for producing the SiO powder of the present invention.
- the combustion reaction apparatus is not limited to the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, and the SiO powder of the present invention can be produced with any apparatus capable of controlling flame and combustion oxidation.
- a silicon monoxide (SiO) powder manufacturing apparatus (combustion apparatus) 100 has a combustion vessel 10 .
- a metal silicon (Si) powder supply means 11 and a first gas supply means 12 for supplying a first mixed gas containing oxygen gas and an inert gas are connected to the combustion vessel 10 through a burner 13 .
- FIG. 2 shows the case where nitrogen gas (N 2 gas) is added to air to form the first mixed gas as the first gas supply means 12 .
- the flow rate of the inert gas is adjusted by the added nitrogen gas together with the nitrogen and argon contained in the air.
- These components supply Si powder as a raw material to the combustion device 100 (inside the combustion vessel 10 of the combustion device 100) using the first mixed gas containing oxygen gas and inert gas as a carrier.
- the combustion device 100 further includes second gas supply means for supplying a second mixed gas containing a combustible gas, an oxygen gas, and an inert gas to the combustion device 100 (inside the combustion vessel 10 of the combustion device 100).
- second gas supply means for supplying a second mixed gas containing a combustible gas, an oxygen gas, and an inert gas to the combustion device 100 (inside the combustion vessel 10 of the combustion device 100).
- FIG. 2 shows a case where LPG, air, and additional nitrogen gas are supplied as the second gas supply means 14 .
- the combustion device 100 further includes a third mixed gas containing oxygen gas and an inert gas for controlling oxygen diffusion into the Si powder, or , a third gas supply means for supplying an inert gas.
- FIG. 2 shows a case where air and additional nitrogen gas are mixed and supplied as the third gas supply means 15 .
- the combustion apparatus 100 may further include protection gas supply means 16 and 17 for supplying protection gas for purposes such as reducing radiant heat to the furnace wall.
- protection gas supply means 16 and 17 for supplying protection gas for purposes such as reducing radiant heat to the furnace wall.
- FIG. 2 shows a case where air and additional nitrogen gas are mixed and supplied as third gas supply means 16 and 17 .
- the combustion device 100 further comprises a collecting chamber 23 for collecting the generated silicon monoxide (SiO) powder 24 at the bottom.
- such a combustion apparatus 100 can be used to produce SiO powder. That is, from the center of the upper part of the combustion apparatus 100, the Si powder is supplied to the first mixed gas (air and additional nitrogen gas in the case of the example of FIG. 2) by the metal silicon (Si) powder supply means 11 and the first gas supply means 12. (Operation A). At this time, the Si powder can be, for example, about #200 mesh.
- a second mixed gas in the case of the example of FIG. 2, a combustible gas consisting of LPG, air, and additional nitrogen gas
- the tip of the burner 13 is ignited to form a flame 21 .
- the Si powder is oxidized in the flame 21 and quenched and solidified as SiO gas in the lower part of the device to produce SiO powder (Operation B).
- a third mixed gas containing oxygen gas and inert gas in the case of FIG. 2, air and additional nitrogen gas is supplied (operation C).
- These operations A and B are performed at the same time, or operations A to C are performed at the same time to achieve both the generation speed of SiO powder and flame control, thereby stably generating SiO powder.
- the second mixed gas containing combustible gas, oxygen gas (combustion-supporting O2 gas) and inert gas is supplied to the combustion device to form a flame. It is the main heat source for oxidizing the Si powder.
- the operation A of supplying Si powder (Si fine powder) as a raw material to the combustion device using a first mixed gas containing oxygen gas (combustion-supporting O 2 gas) and inert gas as a carrier is the same. It is present in the combustion apparatus and generates SiO by increasing the temperature to the SiO gas temperature range described above while adding heat generated by oxidation of Si powder and oxygen gas.
- the first mixed gas a mixed gas of O 2 and N 2 , a mixed gas of O 2 and Ar, or the like whose amount ratio is controlled is desirable. It is desirable that the metal Si powder to be charged is finer, but if it is made too fine, the surface will be oxidized, the process cost will increase, and the risk of dust explosion will increase. .
- operation B is an operation of supplying a mixed gas (second mixed gas) of combustible gas, oxygen gas (combustible O2 gas) and inert gas to form a flame.
- This operation is the main heat supply step for converting Si into SiO.
- a mixed gas of combustible gas and oxygen gas is used. Adjust the amount of heat with (second mixed gas).
- an inert gas is also added to regulate and control the SiO production rate.
- the inert gas here may be nitrogen, argon, or the like contained in the air.
- the combustible gas may be a hydrocarbon gas such as CH 4 or LPG (liquefied natural gas), and of course the hydrocarbon gas is not limited to these. Hydrocarbons such as methane, ethane, propane, acetylene, and propylene are preferable because sufficient combustion heat generation can be obtained, but they are not limited to these.
- the combustible gas may be hydrogen (hereinafter referred to as H2 ) or a mixed gas of H2 and hydrocarbons. The ratio and the like may be determined so that the shape of the flame, such as the amount of heat generated in the flame and the length of the flame, can be adapted to the generation of SiO.
- Operation B is an essential step for forming a flame and reacting Si powder and O 2 gas in the flame to produce SiO.
- the size of the flame is increased as long as possible, and Si is oxidized as slowly as possible in the flame in a controlled manner to form SiO.
- Oxidation reaction control is particularly concerned with the amount of Si powder supplied to the combustion device and the amount of oxygen gas (the total amount of oxygen gas contained in the first mixed gas and the oxygen gas contained in the second mixed gas). by adjusting the ratio.
- the combustion apparatus is equipped with a third mixed gas containing oxygen gas and an inert gas, or an inert gas, for controlling oxygen diffusion into the Si powder. It may further comprise an operation C of providing .
- a third mixed gas containing oxygen gas and an inert gas, or an inert gas for controlling oxygen diffusion into the Si powder. It may further comprise an operation C of providing .
- the mixed gas in operation B maintains the flame within the adjustment range, and in operation C, the O 2 /inert gas ratio is adjusted to the O 2 less side (the side with less O 2 ) is supplied.
- the O 2 /inert gas ratio is adjusted to the O 2 -rich side (the O 2 -rich side) in operation C.
- the supply of the protect gas from the protect gas supply means 16 and 17 supplies a third mixed gas containing oxygen gas and an inert gas or an inert gas for controlling oxygen diffusion to the Si powder. It is also part of the operation C of doing.
- the present invention can be applied to the horizontal direction or the angle.
- the carrier gas amount and composition in operation A, the combustible gas:combustion-supporting O2 gas:inert gas ratio and gas amount in operation B, and the combustion-supporting O2 gas:inert gas ratio and amount in operation C are: Optimum adjustment may be made according to the amount of powder supplied so that the SiO production reaction occurs while being controlled in the flame.
- the SiO powder that has come out of the flame 21 and has been rapidly cooled and solidified is sent to another chamber together with the carrier gas and collected.
- the collection chamber 23 may collect all the SiO powder, or may collect powder having a desired particle size by cyclone collection. These may be determined based on the characteristics when applied to LIB, for example.
- SiO powder can be efficiently produced by oxidation reaction of Si in an air stream, which is extremely productive compared to the conventional solid-phase contact reaction method.
- a SiO material suitable as a negative electrode material for LIB lithium ion battery
- the SiO powder produced by the production method of the present invention can be used as a negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries in addition to glass and plastic coating applications. Furthermore, it can be widely used as a high-capacity negative electrode material for mobile devices such as smartphones and smart watches, and batteries for electric vehicles.
- the disproportionation reaction which is important in using the SiO of the present invention as a LIB negative electrode material, will be described.
- SiO that has been solidified by rapid cooling is in a non-equilibrium state, so if it is held at a temperature of 800° C. or higher for a certain period of time or longer, a disproportionation reaction gradually progresses in SiO as described below, resulting in a more stable phase. transition to In the following reaction formula, the SiO internal structure is a fine mixed phase structure of sub- ⁇ m size even if it progresses to the final phase instead of separating into Si/SiO 2 as a macro structure. The higher the holding temperature and the longer the holding time, the more the disproportionation reaction progresses.
- the degree of disproportionation can be determined, for example, by the peak height and area of the Si main peak 2 ⁇ to 28° in the XRD measurement of the SiO powder (FIG. 3).
- SiO of the present invention as shown in the reaction product pattern of the XRD chart of FIG. No reflection peak is present. That is, it can be judged to be amorphous from the XRD pattern.
- the disproportionation of SiO gradually progresses from fine Si precipitation of ⁇ nm size (approximately nm size) due to heating, so it is extremely difficult to quantify the degree of SiO disproportionation.
- FIG. 3 shows the reaction product itself and the XRD chart of the reaction product heat-treated under different conditions.
- SiOx in the range of 0.8 ⁇ X ⁇ 1.2 can be obtained depending on the production conditions. Desirable properties are obtained within the range. If X ⁇ 0.8, the material becomes Si-rich and the energy density improves, but disproportionation is likely to occur, and the expansion/contraction rate during charge/discharge increases, resulting in deterioration in cycle characteristics, which is not desirable. If 1.2 ⁇ X, the SiO 2 ratio in SiO increases, the energy density decreases, and the Li mobility in the SiO negative electrode material decreases, which is not desirable.
- the SiO negative electrode material according to the present invention exhibits excellent cycle characteristics and has an energy density four times higher than that of the graphite negative electrode material. is a problem as a negative electrode material.
- a negative electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery in which a conductive film is coated on the surface of SiO powder.
- the surface of the SiO material is desirably coated with conductive carbon by thermal decomposition CVD of hydrocarbon gas (methane, ethane, butane, propane, propylene, acetylene, etc.).
- the conductive carbon should be ⁇ 10 nm or more, and it is desirable that the entire surface of the SiO powder is coated (FIG. 4).
- the conductive coating is not limited to carbon coating by thermal CVD.
- pitch coating or coating with a conductive material is possible.
- FIG. 4 shows the layer thickness of this example C (approximately 40 nm).
- SiO there are Si and O with extra bonds (dangling bonds).
- dangling bonds When Li is inserted during charging, there is a certain proportion of Li that bonds with these dangling bonds, does not come out of the SiO negative electrode material during discharge, and does not contribute to discharge.
- the capacity ratio between initial charge and discharge is called initial efficiency, which is approximately 70%.
- initial efficiency In the LIB battery, it is necessary to stack an extra positive electrode material in order to compensate for the Li portion that does not contribute to charging and discharging. In order to improve this, it is effective to increase the capacity of LIB by previously doping the conductive coated SiO negative electrode material of the present invention with Li outside the battery to improve the initial efficiency.
- doping Li into SiO There are various methods for doping Li into SiO.
- Li metal or compound and SiO are mixed and heated to thermally dope with Li
- electrochemical doping in which SiO is doped with Li outside the battery by an electrochemical method Li complex in SiO in solution
- Various Li-doping methods are known, such as solution doping in which doping is performed from Li.
- the present inventors have found that electrochemical doping and solution doping that enable Li doping while maintaining a low disproportionation state of SiO are desirable for improving cycle characteristics. In order to achieve an initial efficiency of 90% or more by such Li doping, and to satisfy the requirements for high energy density and cycle characteristics, it is essential that the underlying SiO negative electrode material has low disproportionation.
- SiO powder was produced using a combustion reactor (FIG. 2) to produce the SiO powder of the present invention.
- the conditions at that time are shown below.
- the combustion gas in operation B was LPG
- air was used as the mixed gas of combustion-supporting O 2 and inert gas
- the O 2 /inert gas in operation C was also air.
- the supply metal Si powder is 2.0 kg/hr, 2.2 kg/hr, 2.5 kg/hr, and 2.7 kg/hr
- the LPG gas flow rate is 0.8 m 3 /hr to 1.1 m 3 /hr. It was adjusted within the range according to the amount of supplied Si powder.
- the carrier gas and the O 2 /inert gas amount in step C were also adjusted.
- the total Si was determined by summing the Si obtained by the gravimetric method as a SiO2 precipitate after melting with Na carbonate and the dissolved Si in the filtrate. The amount of O was calculated based on this Si.
- the value of x in the SiOx composition formula of the SiO powder was 1.
- Examination of the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) chart of the produced SiO powder reveals only broad amorphous reflections as shown in the "silicon monoxide powder of the present invention" in FIG. No sharp reflection peak was observed, indicating that it was low disproportionation SiO.
- Example 2 On SiO obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1, a C film was formed by the same propane gas CVD as in Example 1 to obtain a SiO/C coated negative electrode material. Further, the SiO/C powder was electrochemically doped with Li using Li metal as a counter electrode outside the battery. Using the Gr and Li-doped SiO/C (20% mixture) as a negative electrode material, a pouch-type LIB battery under the same conditions as in Example 1 was used to examine the initial efficiency of the negative electrode. The results are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, a high efficiency of 92% was obtained in terms of Li-doped SiO/C (charge capacity 1554 mAh/g, discharge capacity 1439 mAh/g).
- SiO was generated by a conventional Si/SiO 2 contact solid phase reaction, and the SiO was pulverized to obtain an SiO material.
- the value of x in the SiOx composition formula of the SiO powder was 1.
- a C conductive coating film was formed on the surface of the SiO material by thermally decomposing methane gas at 1,000°C.
- the charging/discharging characteristics of the SiO single negative electrode were investigated in a button battery with a Li counter electrode (Fig. 8). For comparison, a charge/discharge curve of a graphite negative electrode is also shown.
- the initial efficiency of the SiO—C single anode is ⁇ 71.5% (charge capacity 2101 mAh/g, discharge capacity 1502 mAh/g), while the initial efficiency of the graphite anode is about 95%, which is very high (charge capacity 372 mAh/g). /g, discharge capacity 353mAh/g).
- the reason why the initial efficiency of the SiO-C of this comparative example is higher than that of the low disproportionated SiO-C negative electrode material of Example 1 is that the disproportionation in SiO occurs due to the thermal history during SiO formation vapor deposition and the applied temperature during thermal CVD. This is due to the progressive decrease of Li trap sites. Such a partial initial efficiency increase is a phenomenon generally observed when disproportionated SiO is used.
- a pouch-type LIB was prepared using a Gr+SiO--C (10%) negative electrode, and its cycle characteristics were examined (FIG. 9).
- the cycle characteristics of the SiO negative electrode LIB of this comparative example deteriorated sharply after 300 cycles. Although heat is not applied to the LIB battery itself during the cycle test, disproportionation within SiO generally progresses each time the charge/discharge cycle is repeated. It is presumed that the rapid deterioration of the cycle characteristics after 300 cycles in FIG. 9 is due to rapid progress of reaction deterioration with the electrolytic solution due to progress of disproportionation.
- the negative electrode active material using the conventional SiO powder has a slightly high initial efficiency, but deteriorates the cycle characteristics.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
- the above-described embodiment is an example, and any device having substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and exhibiting the same effect is the present invention. included in the technical scope of
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(1) SiO2+C → SiO+CO
(2) SiO+C → Si+CO
(3) SiO2+2C → Si+2CO
SiO2のC還元の上記(1)過程で止めて、SiOのみを取り出せると望ましい。しかし、還元炉の中で(1)~(3)過程は連続的に起きており、生成したSiOガスは溶湯中で直ちに(2)の反応が起きて、溶融Siが生成する。(1)過程で止めてSiOのみを取り出すことは難しい。(1)過程の還元炉中に高温耐性のあるパイプを挿入などして、SiOガスを取り出しすることも原理的には考えられるが、実際に実行された例はない。
Si(c)+1/2O2(g)→SiO(g)(エンタルピー変化/酸化発熱):
-98.9kJ/mol (1)
Si(c)+1/2O2(g)→Si(g)+1/2O2(g・1900℃)(エンタルピー変化/吸熱):
464.7kJ/mol (2)
ただし、(c):結晶相、(g):ガス相である。
(1)式のデータの出典は工業火薬 Vol48,No3,1987,p.151であり、(2)式のデータの出典は化学便覧 基礎編 改訂5版 丸善出版、2004年2月(II-291~II-300、「10.10 標準生成エンタルピー、標準エントロピー、および標準生成ギブズエネルギー」)である。
操作Aで支燃性O2ガス以外に不活性ガスの混合ガス(第1の混合ガス)をキャリアとするのは、Si粉末の酸化反応を制御するためである。キャリアガスが支燃性のO2ガスのみであると、瞬時に爆発的酸化反応が起きて、SiO2が生成してしまう可能性がある。そのため支燃性のO2ガスと不活性ガスの混合ガスとして、O2濃度を薄めて酸化発熱反応速度を制御し、SiOを生成し易くするものである。SiO2生成まで至らずSiOで反応を停止させるには、爆発限界酸素濃度10%を超えないようにする必要がある。該第1の混合ガスとして、O2とN2の混合ガス、O2とArの混合ガスなどの量比を制御したものが望ましい。投入する金属Si粉は細かい方が望ましいが、微細にし過ぎると表面酸化され、プロセスコストも高くなる上、粉塵爆発の危険性が高くなるので100メッシュアンダー程度、望ましくは200メッシュアンダーの粉末で良い。
上記のように、操作Bは、可燃性ガスと酸素ガス(支燃性O2ガス)と不活性ガスの混合ガス(第2の混合ガス)を供給し、火焔を形成する操作である。この操作がSiをSiOとするための主たる熱供給工程となる。操作Aで混合ガス(第1の混合ガス)を空気とした場合、SiO生成のためのO2が不足するため、操作Bでは可燃性ガスと酸素ガス(支燃性O2ガス)の混合ガス(第2の混合ガス)で熱量を調整する。さらに、操作Aと同じように、操作Bでは、SiO生成速度を調整制御するため、不活性ガスも加える。ここでの不活性ガスは空気に含まれる窒素、アルゴン等でもよい。
上記のように、供給されるSi粉の量に応じて、操作Bにおける第2の混合ガスのガス比率は最適化する必要があるが、火焔の最適化と両立しない場合もある。言い換えれば、火焔最適化とは火焔を出来るだけ長くすることである。本発明ではSi粉末を火焔内に落下させながら、制御酸化してSiOを生成するが、火焔長さや温度分布と酸素量制御が両立しない場合がある。その場合、Si粉末への酸素拡散を制御するO2/不活性ガスあるいは不活性ガスを供給する操作Cにより、操作Bにおける酸化速度を制御することができるようになる。具体的には、本発明のSiO粉末の製造方法において、燃焼装置に、Si粉末への酸素拡散を制御するための、酸素ガスと不活性ガスを含む第3の混合ガス、又は、不活性ガスを供給する操作Cをさらに有するものとすることができる。Si粉末の供給量が少ない時は、当然必要とされるO2量は少なくてよい。その場合、操作Bにおける支燃性O2ガス量を少なくしてしまうと、火焔を最適化できなくなる。そこで操作Bの混合ガスは調整範囲で火焔を維持し、操作CにおいてO2/不活性ガス比率をO2レス側(O2が少ない側)に調整したものを供給する。Si粉末の供給量が多い時は逆で、操作CにおいてO2/不活性ガス比率をO2リッチ側(O2が多い側)にして調整する。
SiO(アモルファス) →Si(~nmサイズ)+Si-O(非平衡相)
→Si+SiO2 (最終相) (3)
本発明のSiO粉末を製造するために燃焼反応装置(図2)を用いてSiO粉末を製造した。その際の条件を以下に示す。操作Bの燃焼ガスはLPGで、支燃性O2と不活性ガスの混合ガスとして空気を用い、操作CのO2/不活性ガスも空気とした。供給金属Si粉が2.0kg/hr、2.2kg/hr、2.5kg/hr、2.7kg/hrに対して、LPGガス流量を0.8m3/hr~1.1m3/hrの範囲で供給Si粉量に合わせて調整した。キャリアガスや工程CのO2/不活性ガス量も調整した。
セルタイプ: 543436
カットオフ電圧: 4.3V, 2.5V
充電方式:CCCV 0.7ITA
放電方式:CC0.5ITA
電解質:1M LiPF6/EC(エチレンカーボネート):DMC(ジメチルカーボネート)(3:7体積%比) VC(ビニレンカーボネート) 1体積%
温度:25℃
その結果、図6に示すように、500サイクルで容量維持率75%の良好なサイクル特性が得られた。Gr/SiO-Cの混合比率から計算したSiO-Cの初回効率は68%であった。
実施例1と同じ条件で得られたSiOに、やはり実施例と同じプロパンガスCVDによるC膜を成膜し、SiO/Cコート負極材とした。更に、該SiO/C粉に電池外において、Li金属を対極として電気化学的にLiをドープした。該GrとLiドープSiO/C(20%混合)を負極材として、実施例1と同じ条件のパウチタイプLIB電池で負極の初回効率を調べた。その結果を図7に示す。図7に示したように、LiドープSiO/C換算で92%の高い効率が得られた(充電容量1554mAh/g、放電容量1439mAh/g)。LiドープしていないSiO材の初回効率は概ね70%程度であるため、20%強の大幅な向上が達成できた。一般的なグラファイト負極の初回効率が~95%程度であるため、それに近い高い初回効率である。また、実施例1と同じパウチタイプLIB電池のサイクル特性を調べた所、800サイクルで容量維持率82%の良好なサイクル特性が得られた。
従来法のSi/SiO2接触固相反応によりSiOを生成し、該SiOを粉砕しSiO材とした。実施例1と同様に生成されたSiO粉の組成を測定したところ、該SiO粉のSiOxの組成式で表した際のxの値は1であった。該SiO材の表面にメタンガスを1,000℃で熱分解してC導電コート膜とした。Li対極のボタン電池でSiO単体負極の充放電特性を調べた(図8)。比較のためグラファイト負極の充放電カーブも示す。SiO-C単体負極の初回効率~71.5%(充電容量2101mAh/g、放電容量1502mAh/g)であり、一方グラファイト負極の初回効率は約95%で非常に高い効率である(充電容量372mAh/g、放電容量353mAh/g)。本比較例SiO-Cの初回効率が実施例1の低不均化SiO-C負極材より高いのは、SiO生成蒸着時の熱履歴や熱CVD時の印加温度により、SiO内不均化が進んでLiトラップサイトが減少した事によるものである。このような部分的初回効率上昇は、不均化が起きているSiOを使用した時に、一般的にみられる現象である。また実施例1と同じ条件でGr+SiO-C(10%)負極でパウチタイプLIBを作成し、とサイクル特性を調べた(図9)。本比較例のSiO負極LIBのサイクル特性が300サイクル超えで急激に悪化している。サイクルテスト時にLIB電池自体に熱が印加されている訳ではないが、一般的に充放電サイクルを重ねる毎に、SiO内の不均化が進む。図9の300サイクル超えでのサイクル特性急激悪化は、不均化進行で電解液との反応劣化が急激に進み始めたためと推測される。このように、従来法のSiO粉末を用いた負極活物質は、初回効率が若干高いものの、サイクル特性が悪化する。
Claims (7)
- 一酸化珪素からなる一酸化珪素粉末であって、
該一酸化珪素粉末をCu-Kα線を用いたX線回折により測定したX線回折スペクトルにおいて、
2θ=22°付近及び2θ=50°付近にアモルファス相由来のブロードなピークを有する一方で、
2θ=28°近傍に珪素の結晶相に由来するピークを有しないものであることを特徴とする一酸化珪素粉末。 - 前記一酸化珪素をSiOxの組成式で表したとき、xが0.8≦X≦1.2の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の一酸化珪素粉末。
- 前記一酸化珪素粉末が、気流中における酸素ガスと可燃性ガスの反応熱をエネルギー源として、原料である金属珪素粉末を酸化することにより生成されたものであることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の一酸化珪素粉末。
- 請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の一酸化珪素粉末の表面上に導電性被膜が被覆されたものであることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用負極活物質。
- 前記一酸化珪素粉末にリチウムがドープされたものであることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用負極活物質。
- 請求項4又は請求項5に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用負極活物質を含んでなることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用負極。
- 請求項6に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用負極と、正極と、非水電解質と、セパレータを具備するものであることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020247007122A KR20240053051A (ko) | 2021-09-02 | 2022-08-26 | 일산화규소 분말 및 리튬 이온 이차 전지용 부극 활물질 |
EP22864429.0A EP4397621A1 (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2022-08-26 | Silicon monoxide powder, and negative electrode active material for lithium ion secondary battery |
CN202280059580.4A CN117897357A (zh) | 2021-09-02 | 2022-08-26 | 一氧化硅粉末及锂离子二次电池用负极活性物质 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2021143428A JP2023036398A (ja) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | 一酸化珪素粉末及びリチウムイオン二次電池用負極活物質 |
JP2021-143428 | 2021-09-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023032845A1 true WO2023032845A1 (ja) | 2023-03-09 |
Family
ID=85412687
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2022/032209 WO2023032845A1 (ja) | 2021-09-02 | 2022-08-26 | 一酸化珪素粉末及びリチウムイオン二次電池用負極活物質 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4397621A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2023036398A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20240053051A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN117897357A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW202319344A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2023032845A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117446807A (zh) * | 2023-11-14 | 2024-01-26 | 银硅(宁波)科技有限公司 | 一种熔融淬火法氧化亚硅复合材料及其制备方法与应用 |
Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03170319A (ja) | 1989-11-29 | 1991-07-23 | Toyota Motor Corp | 二酸化珪素粉末の製造方法 |
JPH0479975B2 (ja) | 1984-04-10 | 1992-12-17 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | |
JPH0536363B2 (ja) | 1985-02-02 | 1993-05-28 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | |
JPH05213606A (ja) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-08-24 | Nichia Chem Ind Ltd | 低級金属酸化物の製造方法 |
JPH06325765A (ja) | 1992-07-29 | 1994-11-25 | Seiko Instr Inc | 非水電解質二次電池及びその製造方法 |
JP2001220122A (ja) | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-14 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 酸化珪素粉末の製造方法 |
JP2001220123A (ja) | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-14 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 酸化珪素粉末の連続製造方法及び連続製造装置 |
JP2001220125A (ja) | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-14 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 活性なケイ素を含むケイ素酸化物及びその評価方法 |
JP2002373653A (ja) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-26 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材 |
JP2003221218A (ja) | 2002-01-30 | 2003-08-05 | Admatechs Co Ltd | 鉄系酸化物微粒子を含有した真球状シリカ粒子及びその製造方法 |
WO2014188851A1 (ja) | 2013-05-23 | 2014-11-27 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材及び二次電池 |
JP2015149171A (ja) | 2014-02-06 | 2015-08-20 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材、負極及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
WO2017038320A1 (ja) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-09 | 株式会社大阪チタニウムテクノロジーズ | Li含有酸化珪素粉末及びその製造方法 |
CN109796017A (zh) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-05-24 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种高纯纳米一氧化硅的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0677629B2 (ja) | 1990-07-20 | 1994-10-05 | 株式会社エース電研 | 遊技機島 |
JP3108468B2 (ja) | 1990-08-16 | 2000-11-13 | 株式会社東芝 | 表示装置 |
-
2021
- 2021-09-02 JP JP2021143428A patent/JP2023036398A/ja active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-08-26 KR KR1020247007122A patent/KR20240053051A/ko unknown
- 2022-08-26 WO PCT/JP2022/032209 patent/WO2023032845A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2022-08-26 CN CN202280059580.4A patent/CN117897357A/zh active Pending
- 2022-08-26 EP EP22864429.0A patent/EP4397621A1/en active Pending
- 2022-08-30 TW TW111132609A patent/TW202319344A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0479975B2 (ja) | 1984-04-10 | 1992-12-17 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | |
JPH0536363B2 (ja) | 1985-02-02 | 1993-05-28 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | |
JPH03170319A (ja) | 1989-11-29 | 1991-07-23 | Toyota Motor Corp | 二酸化珪素粉末の製造方法 |
JPH05213606A (ja) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-08-24 | Nichia Chem Ind Ltd | 低級金属酸化物の製造方法 |
JPH06325765A (ja) | 1992-07-29 | 1994-11-25 | Seiko Instr Inc | 非水電解質二次電池及びその製造方法 |
JP2001220123A (ja) | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-14 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 酸化珪素粉末の連続製造方法及び連続製造装置 |
JP2001220122A (ja) | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-14 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 酸化珪素粉末の製造方法 |
JP2001220125A (ja) | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-14 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 活性なケイ素を含むケイ素酸化物及びその評価方法 |
JP2002373653A (ja) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-26 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材 |
JP2003221218A (ja) | 2002-01-30 | 2003-08-05 | Admatechs Co Ltd | 鉄系酸化物微粒子を含有した真球状シリカ粒子及びその製造方法 |
WO2014188851A1 (ja) | 2013-05-23 | 2014-11-27 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材及び二次電池 |
JP2015149171A (ja) | 2014-02-06 | 2015-08-20 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材、負極及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
WO2017038320A1 (ja) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-09 | 株式会社大阪チタニウムテクノロジーズ | Li含有酸化珪素粉末及びその製造方法 |
CN109796017A (zh) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-05-24 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种高纯纳米一氧化硅的制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
"Handbook of Chemistry: Pure Chemistry", February 2004, MARUZEN PUBLISHING, pages: 291 - 300 |
JOURNAL OF THE INDUSTRIAL EXPLOSIVES SOCIETY JAPAN, vol. 48, no. 3, 1987, pages 151 |
JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN INSTITUTE OF METALS AND MATERIALS, vol. 52, no. 10, 1988, pages 945 - 953 |
KITADA KEITARO, PECHER OLIVER, MAGUSIN PIETER C. M. M., GROH MATTHIAS F., WEATHERUP ROBERT S., GREY CLARE P.: "Unraveling the Reaction Mechanisms of SiO Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries by Combining in Situ 7 Li and ex Situ 7 Li/ 29 Si Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy", JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 141, no. 17, 1 May 2019 (2019-05-01), pages 7014 - 7027, XP093042000, ISSN: 0002-7863, DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01589 * |
TAN TIAN, PUI-KIT LEE, DENIS Y. W. YU: "Probing the Reversibility of Silicon Monoxide Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries ", JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 166, no. 3, 1 January 2019 (2019-01-01), pages A5210 - A5214, XP093041999 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117446807A (zh) * | 2023-11-14 | 2024-01-26 | 银硅(宁波)科技有限公司 | 一种熔融淬火法氧化亚硅复合材料及其制备方法与应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN117897357A (zh) | 2024-04-16 |
JP2023036398A (ja) | 2023-03-14 |
KR20240053051A (ko) | 2024-04-23 |
EP4397621A1 (en) | 2024-07-10 |
TW202319344A (zh) | 2023-05-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106537659B (zh) | 用于非水电解质可充电电池的负极活性材料 | |
CN108630887B (zh) | 用于锂二次电池负极材料的硅复合氧化物及其制备方法 | |
JP5411780B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材及び非水電解質二次電池用負極材の製造方法並びにリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
KR101676048B1 (ko) | 비수전해질 이차 전지 부극재용 규소 산화물 및 그의 제조 방법, 및 부극, 리튬 이온 이차 전지 및 전기 화학 캐패시터 | |
US20200295352A1 (en) | Negative electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and manufacturing method thereof | |
JP5379026B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池負極材用珪素酸化物及び非水電解質二次電池負極材用珪素酸化物の製造方法並びにリチウムイオン二次電池及び電気化学キャパシタ | |
JP5406799B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材とその製造方法及びリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
KR101358867B1 (ko) | SiOx계 복합 분말, 이의 제조방법, 및 용도 | |
EP2768050B1 (en) | Silicon oxide for nonaqueous electroltye secondary battery negative electrode material, method for manufacturing the same, lithium ion secondary battery, and electrochemical capacitor | |
US9484159B2 (en) | Silicon oxide material, making method, negative electrode, lithium ion secondary battery, and electrochemical capacitor | |
KR20190116012A (ko) | 규소 복합 산화물 및 이의 제조 방법 | |
KR102128796B1 (ko) | 규소 산화물 입자 및 그 제조방법, 부극, 및 리튬 이온 2차 전지 및 전기화학 커패시터 | |
KR20200144855A (ko) | 리튬 이차전지 음극재용 탄소-규소복합산화물 복합체 및 이의 제조방법 | |
CN111936422A (zh) | 氧化硅粉末的制造方法及负极材料 | |
WO2023032845A1 (ja) | 一酸化珪素粉末及びリチウムイオン二次電池用負極活物質 | |
CN103872292A (zh) | 非水电解质二次电池用负极活性物质及其制造方法 | |
Leblanc et al. | Silicon nanopowder synthesis by inductively coupled plasma as anode for high-energy Li-ion batteries | |
WO2023282136A1 (ja) | 一酸化珪素の製造方法 | |
JP2010177070A (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材の製造方法、並びにリチウムイオン二次電池及び電気化学キャパシタ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22864429 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20247007122 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202280059580.4 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2022864429 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2022864429 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20240402 |