WO2022210658A1 - 非ラウリン、非トランス、非テンパリング型チョコレート類用油脂 - Google Patents
非ラウリン、非トランス、非テンパリング型チョコレート類用油脂 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022210658A1 WO2022210658A1 PCT/JP2022/015314 JP2022015314W WO2022210658A1 WO 2022210658 A1 WO2022210658 A1 WO 2022210658A1 JP 2022015314 W JP2022015314 W JP 2022015314W WO 2022210658 A1 WO2022210658 A1 WO 2022210658A1
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- Prior art keywords
- chocolates
- fat
- oil
- triglycerides
- triglyceride
- Prior art date
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- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 235000010692 trans-unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 229940033355 lauric acid Drugs 0.000 title abstract 3
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- -1 BSU triglycerides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VMPHSYLJUKZBJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauric acid triglyceride Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC VMPHSYLJUKZBJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 67
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000005764 Theobroma cacao ssp. cacao Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000005767 Theobroma cacao ssp. sphaerocarpum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000001046 cacaotero Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 52
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 13
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019861 non-lauric fat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588986 Alcaligenes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000228143 Penicillium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019774 Rice Bran oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241000223257 Thermomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018936 Vitellaria paradoxa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001135917 Vitellaria paradoxa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019869 fractionated palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004667 medium chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008165 rice bran oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940057910 shea butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000002316 solid fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019222 white chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019220 whole milk chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G1/36—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the fats used
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/305—Products for covering, coating, finishing, decorating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G1/36—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the fats used
- A23G1/38—Cocoa butter substitutes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to oils and fats used in non-laurin, non-trans, non-tempering chocolates.
- Fats for chocolate which are widely used as substitutes for cocoa butter, are broadly divided into fats for tempering chocolate, in which temperature control is performed during solidification and molding, and non-tempering chocolate fats, in which temperature control is not performed. Fats and oils for tempering chocolate contain triglycerides similar to cocoa butter as the main component, so they are highly compatible with cocoa butter and provide a texture similar to that of cocoa butter. Since temperature control is required, it is desirable to omit it.
- non-tempering fats and oils for chocolate do not require a complicated tempering operation, so they can be suitably used for various combination foods that combine chocolate with bread and confectionery.
- ester exchange/fractionation type chocolate fats and oils and lauric acid type chocolate fats and oils.
- trans-acid chocolate oils obtained by hydrogenating liquid oils such as soybean oil and rapeseed oil have been widely used due to their good meltability in the mouth and high compatibility with cocoa butter.
- liquid oils such as soybean oil and rapeseed oil
- the risk of trans fatty acids to health has become apparent, and non-trans fatty acid fats and oils for chocolate containing no trans fatty acids have been desired.
- Lauric acid-type chocolate oils and fats have long been manufactured using lauric oils and fats rich in triglycerides bound with lauric acid as raw materials. These have various advantages such as texture and physical properties that are very similar to cocoa butter and good luster, but when a large amount of cocoa or cocoa butter is blended, blooming and graining occur severely. There was a problem. In addition, there is a risk that an undesirable soapy flavor may develop depending on the storage conditions of the chocolate.
- non-lauric, non-trans, non-tempering fats and oils for chocolate as described above are less likely to develop blooming and graining than the lauric acid fats and oils for chocolate when a large amount of cacao and cocoa butter are blended, The effect was insufficient, and further improvement was required.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a non-laurin, non-trans, non-tempering type oil for chocolates that does not easily bloom over a wide temperature range over a long period of time, even in chocolate containing a large amount of cacao or cocoa butter.
- the present inventor found that behenic acid, saturated fatty acids with 16 to 20 carbon atoms, and The present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by adding a specific amount of triglycerides in which 20 unsaturated fatty acids are bonded one by one, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention A non-laurin, non-trans and non-tempering chocolate fat that satisfies all of the following conditions.
- S2U triglyceride content is 50 to 85% by weight
- the ratio of SSU triglycerides to S2U triglycerides is 0.3 to 0.7
- BSU triglyceride content is 2 to 15% by weight
- the ratio of BSU triglycerides to B2U triglycerides (BSU/B2U) is 1 or more
- the total ratio of BSU and B2U triglycerides to the total B-linked triglycerides is 0.5 or more, where S is a saturated fatty acid with 16 to 20 carbon atoms, and U is a saturated fatty acid unsaturated fatty acid with 16 to 20 carbon atoms, B is behenic acid, S2U is a triglyceride in which two S and one U are linked, SSU is a triglyceride
- BPU BPU triglycerides to BStU triglycerides
- P palmitic acid
- St stearic acid
- BPU means a triglyceride in which one B, one P, and one U are linked
- BStU means a triglyceride in which one each of B, St, and U are linked.
- Fats and oils for chocolates according to (1) containing 4 to 20% by weight of trisaturated triglycerides.
- the fat for chocolates according to any one of (1) to (4) which has a solid fat content of 60 to 80% at 20°C and a solid fat content of 10% or less at 40°C.
- the oil and fat for chocolates according to any one of (1) to (4) which is for coating chocolates.
- the oil and fat for chocolates of (5) which is used for covering chocolates.
- Chocolates containing the oil for chocolates according to any one of (1) to (4). (9) chocolates containing the oil for chocolates of (5). (10) Coating chocolates containing the oil for chocolates according to any one of (1) to (4). (11) Coating chocolates containing the oil for chocolates of (5). It is about.
- chocolate containing a large amount of cacao and cocoa butter has the effect of suppressing the blooming, and the solidification speed required for chocolate for coating is excellent. It becomes possible to provide oils and fats for trans and non-tempering chocolates.
- non-laurin in the present invention means that laurin-based fats and oils such as coconut oil and palm kernel oil are not substantially used as raw materials.
- the 6-12 fatty acid content will be less than 5 wt%, more preferably less than 3 wt%, even more preferably less than 2 wt%, and most preferably less than 1 wt%.
- the non-trans in the present invention means that oils and fats containing trans acids such as hardened oils (excluding extremely hardened oils) are not substantially used as raw materials. %, more preferably less than 3% by weight.
- non-tempering type in the present invention means that in the case of producing chocolates using such oils and fats for chocolates, the chocolate can be obtained by a method of simply cooling and solidifying without tempering treatment such as temperature adjustment or addition of seed agent. is a type that allows you to create
- the fat for chocolates of the present invention contains B-bonded triglyceride as an active ingredient in order to improve bloom resistance and solidification speed compared to conventional non-laurin, non-trans, non-tempering fats and oils for chocolates mainly composed of S2U. It is characterized by containing Here, B-linked triglyceride is a general term for B3, B2S, B2U, BS2, BSU and BU2 triglycerides. (S represents saturated fatty acid with 16 to 20 carbon atoms, U represents unsaturated fatty acid with 16 to 20 carbon atoms, and B represents behenic acid.)
- the oil and fat for chocolates of the present invention must contain 2 to 15% by weight of BSU triglyceride among the B-linked triglycerides. And it is preferably 2.5 to 12% by weight, more preferably 3 to 10% by weight, still more preferably 4 to 8% by weight.
- BSU triglyceride is 2 to 15% by weight, it is preferable because blooming is less likely to occur when the chocolate is made into chocolate, and the solidification speed is excellent when used for coating purposes.
- the ratio of BPU triglycerides belonging to BSU triglycerides to BStU triglycerides (BPU/BStU) is preferably 1.5 or more. And it is more preferably 2.0 or more, still more preferably 2.3 or more.
- P means palmitic acid
- St means stearic acid.
- the ratio of BSU triglycerides to B2U triglycerides (BSU triglycerides/B2U triglycerides) contained in the fat for chocolates of the present invention must be 1 or more. And it is preferably 1.5 to 4, more preferably 2 to 4. When the ratio is 1 or more, bloom is less likely to occur when chocolate is made, and the solidification speed is excellent when used for coating purposes, which is preferable.
- the ratio of the total of BSU and B2U triglycerides to the total B-linked triglycerides contained in the fats and oils for chocolates of the present invention must be 0.5 or more. And it is preferably 0.6 or more. If it is less than 0.5, the melting in the mouth of chocolates obtained may deteriorate.
- Trisaturated triglycerides (B3, B2S, BS2, S3 triglycerides) contained in the fats and oils for chocolates of the present invention are preferably 4 to 20% by weight, more preferably 7 to 17% by weight, still more preferably 10% by weight. ⁇ 14% by weight. If the tri-saturated triglyceride content is less than 4% by weight, the chocolate may not have an appropriate hardness. In addition, the solidification speed is lowered when used for coating purposes. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20% by weight, the melting in the mouth of the resulting chocolate may deteriorate.
- the S2U triglyceride contained in the fat and oil for chocolates of the present invention means both a SUS triglyceride having S at the 1 and 3 positions and U at the 2 position and an SSU triglyceride having S at the 1 and 2 positions and U at the 3 position.
- Chocolates preferably have the properties of being hard around room temperature and rapidly melting around body temperature. In order to have such properties, the content of S2U should be 50 to 85% by weight. Yes, preferably 55 to 80% by weight, more preferably 65 to 75% by weight. If the S2U is less than 50% by weight, the resulting chocolate will be too soft at room temperature, and if it exceeds 85% by weight, the resulting chocolate will be too hard at room temperature, resulting in poor texture.
- the SSU triglyceride ratio (SSU/S2U) in the S2U triglyceride contained in the oil and fat for chocolates of the present invention must be 0.3 to 0.7, preferably 0.5 to 0.5. is 6. When it is less than 0.3, blooming and graining tend to occur when mixed with cacao butter. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.7, it is not preferable because the production cost becomes too high because it is necessary to transesterify the oil and concentrate it by fractionation.
- the fat for chocolates of the present invention preferably has a solid fat content of 60 to 80% at 20°C, more preferably 55 to 75%. Also, the solid fat content at 40° C. is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 6% or less. The solid fat content at 25°C is preferably 40-60% by weight, and the solid fat content at 30°C is preferably 20-40% by weight. When the solid fat content is within the above preferred range, it is preferable in terms of good melting in the mouth when the chocolate is prepared.
- the oil-and-fat for chocolates of the present invention can be obtained as an oil-and-fat having a low melting point or a middle-melting point, for example, by subjecting a raw material fat-and-oil mixture to random transesterification and then performing a fractionation operation. It can also be obtained by preparing a plurality of oils and fats having the low melting point or middle melting point and mixing them.
- the raw material fats and oils specifically include palm oil, rapeseed oil, high erucine rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, high oleic sunflower oil, soybean oil, rice bran oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, safflower oil, and olive oil.
- sesame oil may be subjected to one or more processes selected from fractionation, hardening, and transesterification.
- MCT medium-chain fatty acid-bound fat
- a butter may be subjected to one or more processes selected from fractionation, hardening, and transesterification.
- Palm oil, fractionated palm oil, high oleic sunflower oil, and high erucine rapeseed extremely hard oil are particularly suitable for use.
- the above random transesterification method may be a method using a chemical catalyst or a method using an enzyme catalyst.
- Chemical catalysts include, for example, alkali metal catalysts such as sodium methylate, and enzymatic catalysts include, for example, Alcaligenes, Penicillium, and Thermomyces lipases. These lipases may be immobilized on an ion-exchange resin, diatomaceous earth, or the like by a known method, or may be used in the form of powder.
- a method for the above fractionation operation a method such as solvent fractionation or non-solvent fractionation can be used, whereby fats and oils with a low melting point or a middle melting point can be obtained.
- Optional ingredients such as colorants, emulsifiers, antioxidants, and flavorings that are commonly used for chocolates can be appropriately added to the fats and oils for chocolates of the present invention. These are 20% by weight or less, preferably 10% by weight or less, relative to the fats and oils for chocolates of the present invention.
- the emulsifier include glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycerin organic acid fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, lecithin, and the like.
- the amount of the oil for chocolates of the present invention used is preferably 10 to 65% by mass, more preferably 10 to 50% by mass, and still more preferably 15 to 45% by mass, based on the total amount of chocolates.
- the fat for chocolates of the present invention obtained as described above can be used alone or in combination with cacao butter as a fat for chocolates, and chocolates can be produced without tempering treatment. can.
- the chocolates referred to here are not limited by regulations ("Fair Regulations Concerning Labeling of Chocolates") or legal provisions, and may include sweet chocolate, milk chocolate, white chocolate or color chocolate such as strawberry. etc., including various chocolates.
- Method for measuring fatty acid composition The constituent fatty acid composition of fats and oils was determined according to the standard fat analysis test method 2.4.2.1-2013.
- Method for measuring triglyceride composition The triglyceride composition was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in accordance with the standard fat analysis method 2.4.6.2-2013.
- Method for measuring solid fat content The analyzer used was "minispecmq20" manufactured by Bruker.
- the solid fat content in Table 6 was determined according to IUPAC2.150a (Solid Content Determination in Fats by NMR).
- the BOB fat is a fat containing 66% BOB triglycerides, which is obtained by subjecting high oleic sunflower oil and behenic acid to transesterification with 1,3-specific lipase and fractionally concentrating the fat with hexane.
- B is behenic acid
- O is oleic acid
- the above Melano NT-R is a non-tempering type fat for chocolates consisting of a fractionated middle melting point portion of random transesterified fat made only from non-lauric fats and oils whose main component is palm fat.
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Abstract
Description
(1)下記の条件を全て満たす、非ラウリン、非トランスかつ非テンパリング型チョコレート類用油脂。
・S2Uトリグリセリド含量が 50~85重量%
・S2Uトリグリセリドに占めるSSUトリグリセリドの割合が0.3~0.7
・BSUトリグリセリド含量が2~15重量%
・BSUトリグリセリドとB2Uトリグリセリドの比(BSU/B2U)が1以上
・B結合トリグリセリド全体に占めるBSU及びB2Uトリグリセリド合計の割合が0.5以上
但し、Sは炭素数16~20の飽和脂肪酸、Uは炭素数16~20の不飽和脂肪酸、Bはベヘン酸、
S2UはSが2つUが1つ結合したトリグリセリド、SSUは2位にS、1,3位にSとUが結合したトリグリセリド、BSUはBとSとUが1つずつ結合したトリグリセリド、B2UはBが2つUが1つ結合したトリグリセリド、B結合トリグリセリドは少なくとも1つのBが結合したトリグリセリドを意味する。
(2)BPUトリグリセリドとBStUトリグリセリドの比(BPU/BStU)が1.5以上である(1)のチョコレート類用油脂。但しPはパルミチン酸、Stはステアリン酸、
BPUはBとPとUが1つずつ結合したトリグリセリド、BStUはBとStとUが1つずつ結合したトリグリセリドを意味する。
(3)3飽和トリグリセリドを4~20重量%含有する(1)のチョコレート類用油脂。
(4)3飽和トリグリセリドを4~20重量%含有する(2)のチョコレート類用油脂。
(5)20℃における固体脂含量が60~80%、40℃における固体脂含量が10%以下である(1)~(4)のいずれか1項のチョコレート類用油脂。
(6)被覆用途のチョコレート類用である(1)~(4)のいずれか1項のチョコレート類用油脂。
(7)被覆用途のチョコレート類用である(5)のチョコレート類用油脂。
(8)(1)~(4)のいずれか1項のチョコレート類用油脂を含有する、チョコレート類。
(9)(5)のチョコレート類用油脂を含有する、チョコレート類。
(10)(1)~(4)のいずれか1項のチョコレート類用油脂を含有する、被覆用チョコレート類。
(11)(5)のチョコレート類用油脂を含有する、被覆用チョコレート類。
に関するものである。
また、本発明における非トランスとは、硬化油(極度硬化油を除く)などのトランス酸を含む油脂を実質的に原料に用いないという趣旨であり、具体的には、トランス脂肪酸含量が5重量%未満、より好ましくは3重量%未満となる。
また、本発明における非テンパリング型とは、かかるチョコレート類用油脂を用いてチョコレート類を製造する場合において、温度調整やシード剤添加などによるテンパリング処理を省略し、単純に冷却固化させる方法によってもチョコレートを作成することができるタイプであることを意味する。
ここでB結合トリグリセリドとは、B3,B2S,B2U、BS2,BSU及びBU2トリグリセリドの総称である。(Sは炭素数16~20の飽和脂肪酸、Uは炭素数16~20の不飽和脂肪酸、Bはベヘン酸をそれぞれ表す。)
またBSUトリグリセリドに属するBPUトリグリセリドとBStUトリグリセリドの比(BPU/BStU)が1.5以上であることが好ましい。そしてより好ましくは2.0以上、さらに好ましくは2.3以上である。但しPはパルミチン酸、Stはステアリン酸を意味する。
そして好ましくは1.5~4、より好ましくは2~4である。当該比が1以上であると、チョコレートにした時のブルームが発現しにくく、またコーティング用途に使用した場合などの固化速度の速さにも優れるため好ましい。
ここで原料油脂は、具体的には、パーム油、菜種油、ハイエルシン菜種油、ヒマワリ油、ハイオレイックヒマワリ油、大豆油、こめ油、コーン油、綿実油、落花生油、ベニバナ油、サフラワー油、オリーブ油、ゴマ油、中鎖脂肪酸結合油脂(MCT)、シア脂、サル脂を挙げる事ができ、これらから選ばれる1以上の油脂を分別、硬化、エステル交換から選ばれる1以上の加工を施したものも使用することができる。
そして特にパーム油、パーム分別油、ハイオレイックヒマワリ油、及びハイエルシン菜種極硬油を好適に使用することができる。
また上記乳化剤としては、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、蔗糖脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、グリセリン有機酸脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、レシチン、等が挙げられる。
油脂の構成脂肪酸組成は、基準油脂分析試験法2.4.2.1-2013により決定した。
(トリグリセリド組成の測定方法)
トリグリセリド組成は、基準油脂分析法2.4.6.2-2013に準拠して高速液体クロマトグラフ法により測定した。
(固体脂含量の測定方法)
分析装置はBruker社製“minispecmq20”を使用した。表6の固体脂含量は、IUPAC2.150a (Solid Content Determination in Fats by NMR)に準じて行なった。
パーム油(ヨウ素価52.5)45重量%とBOB脂35重量%、ハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油15重量%、パーム油分別高融点部(ヨウ素価31.0)5重量%からなる配合油を、ナトリウムメチラートによりランダムエステル交換を行い、エステル交換油脂を得た。このエステル交換油脂をヘキサン分別により、高融点部と低融点部を除去し、油脂Aを得た。当該エステル交換油及び油脂Aの脂肪酸組成を表2に示す。
上記BOB脂は、ハイオレイックひまわり油とベヘン酸を、1,3特異性リパーゼでエステル交換して得た油脂を、ヘキサンにより分別濃縮した、BOBトリグリセリドを66%含有する油脂である。(Bはベヘン酸、Oはオレイン酸)
油脂A、BOB脂、ハイエルシン菜種極度硬化油と既存の非ラウリン、非トランス、非テンパリング型チョコレート類用油脂である不二製油株式会社製「メラノNT-R」を表1に示す割合で配合し、実施例1~3と比較例1~6の油脂を得た。各油脂と実施例1~3と比較例1~6の脂肪酸組成を表2に、トリグリセリド組成を表3に示す。
実施例1~3と比較例1~6の油脂32部、ココアバター4部、粉糖44部、ココアパウダー16部、カカオマス4部、レシチン0.4部を配合してチョコレート生地(油脂含量40.0重量%)を常法により製造したのち、品温45℃にてアルミカップに充填し、15℃、30分間冷却し。その後20℃にて1週間エージングし、ブルーム耐性テストに供した。
1日で17℃と28℃を反復するサイクル条件(17℃8時間、4時間昇温、28℃8時間、降温4時間)のサイクル条件及び17℃一定条件にて経時的なチョコレート表面のブルーム発生状況を確認した。結果を表4に示す。
0点 ブルーム発生なし
1点 観察角度によっては若干ツヤなし
2点 観察角度によってはツヤなし
3点 観察角度によらずツヤなし
4点 観察角度によらずツヤなし、若干変色
5点 観察角度によらずツヤなし、変色
NT-CBRの比較例1が88日でブルームが発生したのに対し、実施例1~3の油脂使用チョコレートは少なくとも122日間ブルームは発生せず、ブルーム耐性が優れていた。一方、比較例2,3,6は、88~102日後にブルームが発生しており劣っていた。
さらに比較例4,5はわずか18日でブルームが発生しており問題があった。
ブルーム耐性試験において一定以上のブルーム耐性が確認された実施例1~3と比較例2,3,6に関して、油脂の固化速度比較を行った。
チョコレートの油分中の比率に合せて、実施例、比較例の油脂、ココアバターを80/20の比率で混合した油脂について、15℃30分冷却後の固体脂含量を以下の方法で算定し、固化速度の指標とした。結果を表5に示す。
・油脂を80℃で10分保持した後、60℃に30分保持することで油脂を完全に溶解
・15℃に30分保持したときの固体脂含量を15℃30分冷却後の固体脂含量とした。
実施例1~3の15℃30分冷却後の固体脂含量は比較例2,3,6よりも高いことから、実施例1~3は比較例2,3,6よりも固化速度の点で優れている。
Claims (11)
- 下記の条件を全て満たす、非ラウリン、非トランスかつ非テンパリング型チョコレート類用油脂。
・S2Uトリグリセリド含量が 50~85重量%
・S2Uトリグリセリドに占めるSSUトリグリセリドの割合が0.3~0.7
・BSUトリグリセリド含量が2~15重量%
・BSUトリグリセリドとB2Uトリグリセリドの比(BSU/B2U)が1以上
・B結合トリグリセリド全体に占めるBSU及びB2Uトリグリセリド合計の割合が0.5以上
但し、Sは炭素数16~20の飽和脂肪酸、Uは炭素数16~20の不飽和脂肪酸、Bはベヘン酸、
S2UはSが2つUが1つ結合したトリグリセリド、SSUは2位にS、1,3位にSとUが結合したトリグリセリド、BSUはBとSとUが1つずつ結合したトリグリセリド、B2UはBが2つUが1つ結合したトリグリセリド、B結合トリグリセリドは少なくとも1つのBが結合したトリグリセリドを意味する。 - BPUトリグリセリドとBStUトリグリセリドの比(BPU/BStU)が1.5以上である請求項1に記載のチョコレート類用油脂。但しPはパルミチン酸、Stはステアリン酸、
BPUはBとPとUが1つずつ結合したトリグリセリド、BStUはBとStとUが1つずつ結合したトリグリセリドを意味する。 - 3飽和トリグリセリドを4~20重量%含有する請求項1に記載のチョコレート類用油脂。
- 3飽和トリグリセリドを4~20重量%含有する請求項2に記載のチョコレート類用油脂。
- 20℃における固体脂含量が60~80%、40℃における固体脂含量が10%以下である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のチョコレート類用油脂。
- 被覆用途のチョコレート類用である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のチョコレート類用油脂。
- 被覆用途のチョコレート類用である請求項5に記載のチョコレート類用油脂。
- 請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のチョコレート類用油脂を含有する、チョコレート類。
- 請求項5に記載のチョコレート類用油脂を含有する、チョコレート類。
- 請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のチョコレート類用油脂を含有する、被覆用チョコレート類。
- 請求項5に記載のチョコレート類用油脂を含有する、被覆用チョコレート類。
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