WO2022156478A1 - 电池单体、电池以及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池以及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022156478A1
WO2022156478A1 PCT/CN2021/140797 CN2021140797W WO2022156478A1 WO 2022156478 A1 WO2022156478 A1 WO 2022156478A1 CN 2021140797 W CN2021140797 W CN 2021140797W WO 2022156478 A1 WO2022156478 A1 WO 2022156478A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bending
connection
battery cell
battery
adapter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/140797
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏华圣
邢承友
方堃
李全坤
康文龙
王鹏
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP21920852.7A priority Critical patent/EP4109664A4/en
Priority to KR1020227029902A priority patent/KR102531920B1/ko
Priority to JP2022552287A priority patent/JP7292528B2/ja
Publication of WO2022156478A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022156478A1/zh
Priority to US17/930,722 priority patent/US11757161B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/559—Terminals adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round, elliptic or button cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/152—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/179—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/528—Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/534—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the material of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/545—Terminals formed by the casing of the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular, to a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • adapters are usually used to connect the tabs and the electrode terminals of the battery.
  • the adapter In batteries, it is usually necessary to bend the adapter. In order to facilitate the bending, the adapter cannot be made too thick. It is usually a soft sheet structure. It is easy to bend in non-predetermined areas, resulting in the deviation of the crease. The adapter that is not bent according to the predetermined will easily prevent the electrode assembly from being installed into the battery casing. If it is forcibly installed into the battery casing, the adapter will be damaged. If the local force is too large, the service life of the adapter will be shortened, which will affect the service life of the battery.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can bend the adapter between the electrode terminal and the tab along a predetermined position.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, including: a tab; an electrode terminal; and an adapter for electrical connection between the electrode terminal and the tab;
  • the adapter includes: a first connection part for Electrically connected with the electrode terminal; the second connection part is used for electrical connection with the tab; the third connection part is used to connect the first connection part and the second connection part; the bending part is used for the third connection part and the first connection part And the third connecting part and the second connecting part are connected by the bending part; wherein, the third connecting part includes a reinforcing part, and the reinforcing part is located at the side of the third connecting part connected with the bending part; the edge of the reinforcing part reaches The minimum distance L between the centerlines of the bending parts satisfies: R ⁇ L ⁇ (R+2 mm), where L is the minimum distance between the edge of the reinforcement part and the centerline of the bending part, and R is the Bend radius.
  • the reinforcement portion extends from a bent portion of the third connecting portion near the first connecting portion to a bent portion of the third connecting portion near the second connecting portion.
  • the number of the reinforcing parts is at least two, which are respectively located on a side of the third connecting part close to the first connecting part and a side of the third connecting part close to the second connecting part.
  • the reinforcing portion includes: a protruding structure disposed on at least one side surface of the third connecting portion along a thickness direction of the third connecting portion.
  • the protruding structure includes a plurality of protruding parts, and the protruding parts are arranged along a direction parallel to the centerline of the third connecting part.
  • the thickness of the raised structure is less than or equal to the bend radius of the bend.
  • the reinforcing part includes: an insulating layer covering at least a part of a surface of at least one side of the third connecting part in a thickness direction of the third connecting part.
  • the insulating layer covers surfaces of both sides of the third connection portion along the thickness direction.
  • the thickness of the insulating layer is less than or equal to the bending radius of the bending portion.
  • the present application provides a battery, including: the battery cell of the first aspect.
  • the present application provides an electrical device, including the battery cell of the first aspect, and the battery cell is used to provide electrical energy.
  • a reinforcing part is provided on the connecting piece of the battery cell, and the position of the bending part is limited by the reinforcing part, so as to ensure the bending part without obviously increasing the size of the connecting piece after bending. It can be bent according to the expected position, avoiding the deviation of the bending position of the bending part relative to the expected position, thereby reducing the possibility of wear or damage of the adapter with the housing due to the deviation of the bending position , thereby increasing the service life of the adapter.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a battery module
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the battery cell corresponding to FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the battery cell corresponding to FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection state between the electrode terminal and the adapter before the adapter is bent and the battery is folded according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode terminal and the adapter of FIG. 7 along the section line A-A;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection state between the electrode terminal and the adapter after the adapter according to an embodiment of the application is bent;
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode terminal and the adapter of FIG. 9 taken along the section line B-B;
  • FIG. 11 is a top view of the adapter in an unbent state according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the adapter of FIG. 11 taken along the C-C section line;
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the C-C section line after the adapter of FIG. 11 is bent;
  • FIG. 14 is a partial enlarged view of the third connecting portion and the bending portion of FIG. 11 in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 15 is a partial enlarged view of the third connecting portion and the bending portion of FIG. 11 in another embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 16 is a top view of an adapter according to an embodiment of the application when the adapter is a protruding structure
  • 17 is a top view of another embodiment of the application when the adapter is a protruding structure
  • FIG. 18 is a top view of the adapter according to still another embodiment of the present application when the adapter is a protruding structure
  • FIG. 19 is a top view of an embodiment of the application when the adapter is an insulating layer
  • FIG. 20 is a top view of an embodiment of the application when the adapter is an insulating layer.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected” and “attached” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • multiple refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, “multiple groups” refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and “multiple sheets” refers to two or more sheets (includes two pieces).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square-shaped battery cells, and soft-pack battery cells, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the batteries mentioned in this application may include battery modules or battery packs, and the like.
  • Batteries typically include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquids or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator.
  • the battery cell mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative plates to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, the current collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is not coated.
  • the current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, the current collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer, The current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer was used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the diaphragm can be PP or PE, etc.
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are all applicable to various devices using batteries, such as mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, electric toys, electric tools, electric vehicles, ships, and spacecraft.
  • the spacecraft includes Planes, rockets, space shuttles and spaceships, etc.
  • the vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or Extended range cars, etc.
  • a motor 40 , a controller 30 and a battery 10 may be provided inside the vehicle 1 , and the controller 30 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 40 .
  • the battery 10 may be provided at the bottom of the vehicle 1 or at the front or rear of the vehicle.
  • the battery 10 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 can be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1 , for the circuit system of the vehicle 1 , for example, for the starting, navigation and operation power requirements of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1 , but also can be used as the driving power source of the vehicle 1 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 in place of or partially in place of fuel or natural gas.
  • the battery 10 may include a plurality of battery cells, wherein the plurality of battery cells may be connected in series or in parallel or in a mixed connection, and a mixed connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel connection.
  • a battery can also be called a battery pack.
  • a plurality of battery cells can be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules can be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form the battery 10 . That is to say, a plurality of battery cells can directly form the battery 10 , or can form a battery module first, and then form a battery from the battery module.
  • the battery 10 may include a plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the battery 10 may further include a box body (or a cover body), the inside of the box body is a hollow structure, and the plurality of battery cells 10 are accommodated in the box body.
  • the box body may include two parts, which are referred to as the first part 111 and the second part 112 respectively, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are fastened together.
  • the shapes of the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be determined according to the combined shape of the plurality of battery cells 20 , and each of the first part 111 and the second part 112 may have an opening.
  • both the first part 111 and the second part 112 can be a hollow cuboid and each has only one surface that is an open surface, the opening of the first part 111 and the opening of the second part 112 are arranged opposite to each other, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are interlocked with each other Combined to form a box with a closed chamber.
  • the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in parallel or in series or in a mixed connection and then placed in the box formed by the first part 111 and the second part 112 being fastened together.
  • the battery 10 may also include other structures, which will not be repeated here.
  • the battery 10 may further include a bussing component for realizing electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 20, such as parallel or series or hybrid.
  • the bus member may realize electrical connection between the battery cells 20 by connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells 20 .
  • the bus members may be fixed to the electrode terminals of the battery cells 20 by welding.
  • the electrical energy of the plurality of battery cells 20 can be further drawn out through the case through the conductive mechanism.
  • the conducting means may also belong to the bussing member. According to different power requirements, the number of battery cells 20 can be set to any value.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 can be connected in series, in parallel or in a mixed manner to achieve larger capacity or power.
  • the battery cells 20 may be arranged in groups, and each group of battery cells 20 constitutes a battery module.
  • the number of battery cells 20 included in the battery module is not limited, and can be set according to requirements.
  • FIG. 3 is an example of a battery module.
  • the battery may include a plurality of battery modules, and the battery modules may be connected in series, parallel, or mixed.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell 20 according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the battery cell 20 corresponding to FIG. 4
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell 20 corresponding to FIG. 4 .
  • the battery cell 20 includes an electrode assembly 25 , a casing 22 and an end cap assembly.
  • the casing 22 is a hollow cylindrical structure, for example, a cylindrical structure. It can be understood that, the housing 22 may also have other structures, such as a prismatic shape, etc. In this application, a cylindrical shape is used as an example for description.
  • the casing 22 can be a hollow cylinder, the end face of the casing 22 is an open face, that is, the end face does not have a wall so that the casing 22 communicates with the inside and the outside.
  • the end cap assembly includes an end cap 26 that covers the opening of the casing 22 and is connected to the casing 22 to form a closed cavity in which the electrode assembly 25 is placed.
  • the casing 22 is filled with an electrolyte, such as an electrolytic solution.
  • the end cap 26 is generally flat.
  • both ends of the housing 22 have openings.
  • the end cap assembly further includes an electrode terminal 23 , and the electrode terminal 23 is provided on the end cap 26 .
  • the end cap 26 has a through electrode lead-out hole, and the electrode terminal 23 can pass through the electrode lead-out hole and protrude to the outside of the end cap 26 .
  • the number of electrode terminals 23 of each end cap assembly is one or more. In some examples, the electrode terminals 23 of each end cap assembly are multiple.
  • the end cap assembly further includes a sealing member and an insulating member, the sealing member being disposed between the terminal plate and the end cap 26 and used to seal the electrode lead-out holes.
  • the insulating member is provided on the inner side of the end cap 26 and serves to separate the cap plate 25 from the electrode assembly 25 .
  • the electrode assembly 25 has two tabs 21, and the polarities of the two tabs 21 are opposite.
  • the two tabs 21 are located at two ends of the electrode assembly 25 respectively, and are respectively electrically connected to the electrode terminals 23 of one end cap assembly.
  • the electrode terminal 23 to which the ear is electrically connected is a negative terminal.
  • the end cap assembly further includes an adapter 24 , and the adapter 24 is used for electrical connection between the electrode terminal 23 and the tab 21 .
  • the adapter 24 is located between the tab 21 and the end cap 26 .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection state of the electrode terminal and the adapter 24 before the adapter 24 according to an embodiment of the application is bent;
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode terminal 23 and the adapter 24 of FIG. 7 taken along the A-A section line;
  • 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the electrode terminal 23 and the adapter 24 after the adapter 24 according to an embodiment of the application is bent;
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode terminal 23 and the adapter 24 of FIG. 9 taken along the B-B section line 11 is a top view of the adapter 24 in an unbent state of an embodiment of the application.
  • the adapter 24 includes: a first connecting part 241 , a second connecting part 242 , a third connecting part 243 and a bending part 244 .
  • the first connecting part 241 is used for electrical connection with the electrode terminal;
  • the second connecting part 242 is used for electrical connection with the tab 21;
  • the third connecting part 243 is used for connecting the first connecting part 241 and the second connecting part 242;
  • the bending part 244 , the third connecting part 243 and the first connecting part 241 and the third connecting part 243 and the second connecting part 242 are all connected by the bending part 244 .
  • FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the C-C section line when the adapter 24 of FIG. 11 is in an unbent state
  • FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the C-C section line after the adapter 24 of FIG. 11 is bent.
  • the bending portion 244 between the first connecting portion 241 and the third connecting portion 243 is bent along the first direction X
  • the second connecting portion 244 is bent along the first direction X.
  • the bent portion 244 between 242 and the third connecting portion 243 is bent along the second direction Y, wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction, so that the first connecting portion 241, the third connecting portion 243 and the second connecting portion 242 A three-layer layered structure is formed.
  • the adapter 24 Before bending, the adapter 24 is generally plate-shaped and has a large length. At this time, the adapter 24 can be easily connected to the tab 21; after the adapter 24 is connected to the tab 21, the adapter Piece 24 is bent. By bending the adapter 24 , the space occupied by the adapter 24 can be reduced, and the connection between the end cover 26 and the housing 22 is facilitated.
  • the first connecting portion 241 , the second connecting portion 242 , the third connecting portion 243 and the bending portion 244 are integral sheet structures, all of which are part of the adapter 24 .
  • the bending portion 244 and the third connecting portion 243 are located on the same plane, and the center line of the bending portion 244 in this plane is the position of the crease after the bending portion is bent;
  • the bending part 244 forms a bending axis, and the whole bending part 244 is rotated and bent around the bending axis to form a curved surface.
  • a virtual plane is determined, and the virtual plane is parallel to the plane where the third connecting portion is located.
  • the position of the center line of the bending portion 244 is the position of the bending crease.
  • the adapter 24 Since the adapter 24 is in the shape of a sheet as a whole, it is usually made of a soft material to facilitate bending. When bending the adaptor 24, the applicant noticed that when the adaptor 24 is bent, due to the use of soft materials, the bending position of the adaptor 24 is easy to bend relative to the preset bending position The position is offset and/or deflected, so that the adapter 24 cannot be bent at the expected bending position, that is, the bending position is prone to deviation, which makes it difficult for the end cover to enter the shell during the production process, or is forced into the shell and turns. The connector 24 is subjected to severe stress locally, resulting in a serious reduction in the service life of the connector 24 .
  • FIG. 14 is a partial enlarged view of the third connecting portion 243 and the bending portion 244 corresponding to FIG. 11 in an embodiment of the application.
  • the third connecting portion 243 includes a reinforcing portion 245 , two opposite sides of the third connecting portion 243 are connected to the two bending portions 244 , and the reinforcing portion 245 is located between the two sides. . Since the reinforcing part 245 is more difficult to bend than the bending part 244 , when the bending part 244 is bent, the edge of the reinforcing part 245 can be bent so that the crease of the bending part 244 is the same as the preset crease.
  • the positions are overlapped, so that the reinforcement portion 245 is positioned to the bending portion 244 .
  • the minimum distance L between the edge of the reinforcement part 245 and the centerline of the bending part 244 satisfies: R ⁇ L ⁇ (R+2 mm), where L is the distance between the edge of the reinforcement part 245 and the centerline of the bending part 244
  • the minimum distance, R is the bending radius of the bending portion 244 . Since R ⁇ L ⁇ (R+2 mm), the reinforcing part 245 will not be too far or too close to the bending part 244 . The position limiting effect will be weakened, resulting in an inaccurate bending position.
  • the reinforcing portion 245 will affect the bending of the bending portion 244 , resulting in difficulty in bending. It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 13 , when the bent portion 244 is in a bent state, the bending radius R is the inner diameter of the bent portion 244 .
  • the position of the bending axis after the bending part 244 is bent by the reinforcement part 245 can be limited, so that the bending crease of the bending part 244 can be prevented from being offset, and the connection between the adapter 24 and the casing caused by the deviation of the crease can be reduced.
  • the possibility of contact wear and damage of 22 increases the service life of the adapter 24 .
  • the reinforcement portion 245 extends from the side of the third connection portion 243 close to the first connection portion 241 to the side of the third connection portion 243 adjacent to the second connection portion 242 .
  • the reinforcement portion 245 may cover both sides of the third connection portion 243 in the thickness direction; or, the reinforcement portion 245 may only cover one side surface of the third connection portion 243 in the thickness direction.
  • FIG. 15 is a partial enlarged view of the third connecting portion 243 and the bending portion 244 of FIG. 11 in another embodiment of the present application.
  • the number of reinforcing parts 245 is at least two, which are respectively located on the side of the third connecting part 243 close to the first connecting part 241 and the side of the third connecting part 243 close to the second connecting part 242 .
  • the part 245 is at the side where the third connecting part 243 and the bending part 244 are connected.
  • the reinforcing parts 245 are two long structures extending along the side where the third connecting part 243 is connected with the bending part 244; or, the reinforcing parts 245 are two groups, and each group of reinforcing parts 245 is along the third connecting part 243 and the sides connected to the bent portion 244 are arranged.
  • FIG. 16 is a top view of the adapter 24 according to an embodiment of the application when it has a raised structure
  • FIG. 17 is a top view of the adapter 24 according to another embodiment of the application with a raised structure
  • FIG. 18 is another example of the application
  • the top view of the adapter 24 in the embodiment is a protruding structure.
  • the reinforcing portion 245 includes a protruding structure disposed on at least one side surface of the third connecting portion 243 along the thickness direction of the third connecting portion 243 .
  • the reinforcement portion 245 is in the form of a protrusion to limit the position of the bending and crease of the bending portion 244 .
  • the bending portion 244 and the third connecting portion 243 are integral structures, and have a coplanar surface along the thickness direction. Since the convex structure is convex relative to the surface of the third connecting portion 243 along the thickness direction, the bending portion 244 is bent when the bending portion 244 is bent.
  • the protruding structure includes a plurality of protruding parts.
  • the protrusions are arranged in a direction parallel to the bending axis.
  • the convex hull may contain one or more of the following three forms:
  • each group of protrusions is provided with multiple, and each group of protrusions is arranged along the side where the third connecting portion 243 is connected with the bending portion 244;
  • each protruding part is elongated, and each protruding part extends along the side where the third connecting part 243 and the bending part 244 are connected;
  • each protruding hull is elongated, and each protruding part extends from the side of the third connecting part 243 close to the first connecting part 241 to the first connecting part 241 .
  • the three connecting parts 243 are close to the side of the second connecting part 242 .
  • the thickness of the protruding structure is less than or equal to the bending radius of the bending portion 244 .
  • the first connecting portion 241 or the second connecting portion 242 will be tilted relative to the third connecting portion 243, that is, the bending angle of the bending portion 244 is less than 180°,
  • the distance between the tab 21 and the electrode terminal 23 may increase, thereby increasing the axial dimension of the battery cell 20 .
  • the thickness of the raised structure in the embodiment of the present application is less than or equal to the bending radius of the bending portion 244 , so that after the bending portion 244 is bent, the first connecting portion 241 , the third connecting portion 243 and the second connecting portion 242 form a three-layered
  • the layered structure prevents the first connecting portion 241 or the second connecting portion 242 from being lifted up, so that the battery cell 20 has a smaller axial dimension.
  • the reinforcing part 245 includes: an insulating layer covering at least a part of at least one surface of the third connecting part 243 along the thickness direction of the third connecting part 243 .
  • FIG. 19 is a top view of the adapter 24 according to an embodiment of the application when the insulating layer is formed;
  • FIG. 20 is a top view of the adapter 24 according to an embodiment of the application when the adapter 24 is an insulating layer.
  • the insulating layer covers the surfaces of both sides of the third connection portion 243 in the thickness direction.
  • the adapter 24 can electrically connect the tabs 21 and the electrode terminals 23, after the adapter 24 is bent, in order to avoid the thickness direction of the first connection part 241, the second connection part 242 and the third connection part 243
  • the electrical connection occurs between the sides, which affects the normal use of the battery cells 20 .
  • covering the two sides of the third connecting portion 243 with an insulating layer in the thickness direction can not only limit the position of the bending axis of the bending portion 244 , but also realize the first connecting portion 241 , the second connecting portion 242 and the third connecting portion. Insulation between the sides of the portion 243 in the thickness direction.
  • the thickness of the insulating layer is less than or equal to the bending radius of the bending portion 244 .
  • the first connecting portion 241 or the second connecting portion 242 will be tilted relative to the third connecting portion 243 , that is, the bending angle of the bending portion 244 will be less than 180°.
  • Increasing the distance between the tab 21 and the electrode terminal 23 increases the axial dimension of the battery cell 20 .
  • the thickness of the insulating layer in the embodiment of the present application is less than or equal to the bending radius of the bending portion 244 , so that after the bending portion 244 is bent, the first connecting portion 241 , the third connecting portion 243 and the second connecting portion 242 form a three-layer layer
  • the shape of the structure prevents the first connecting portion 241 or the second connecting portion 242 from being lifted up, so that the battery cell 20 has a smaller axial dimension.
  • each electrode is provided with a corresponding tab 21, an adapter 24 and an electrode terminal 23, and the adapter 24 of each electrode can use any of the above-mentioned ones in this application.
  • the position of the bending axis of the bending part 244 is limited.
  • the reinforcing part 245 of the positive adapter 24 and the reinforcing part 245 of the negative adapter 24 are in the form of raised structures;
  • the reinforcing part 245 of the adapter 24 of the negative electrode adopts the form of a convex structure, the reinforcing part 245 of the negative adapter 24 adopts the form of an insulating layer;
  • the reinforcing part 245 of the positive adapter 24 adopts the form of an insulating layer, and the The reinforcing portion 245 of the adapter 24 is in the form of a convex structure;
  • the reinforcing portion 245 of the positive adapter 24 and the reinforcing portion 245 of the negative adapter 24 are both in the form of insulating layers.
  • the position of the bending axis of the bending portion 244 is limited by disposing the reinforcing portion 245 on the third connecting portion 243 . , so that the bending shaft can be bent at a predetermined position, so as to avoid the deflection of the bending crease of the bending part 244, so that the electrode terminal 23 can be smoothly installed into the casing 22 of the battery cell 20, and the adapter part can be reduced.
  • the possibility of damage caused by the offset of the folds 24 increases the service life of the adapter 24 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种电池单体、电池以及用电装置。电池单体包括：极耳；电极端子；以及转接件，用于电极端子与极耳的电连接；转接件包括：第一连接部，用于与电极端子电连接；第二连接部，用于与极耳电连接；第三连接部，用于连接第一连接部和第二连接部；弯折部，第三连接部与第一连接部以及第三连接部与第二连接部均通过弯折部连接；第三连接部包括加强部，加强部位于第三连接部的与弯折部连接处；加强部的边缘到弯折部中心线的最小距离L满足：R＜L＜(R+2)，R为弯折部的弯折半径。本申请通过加强部对弯折部的弯折轴进行位置限定，能够避免弯折部的弯折位置发生偏移，使得电极端子能够顺利安装入电池单体的壳体内。

Description

电池单体、电池以及用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年01月25日提交的名称为“电池单体、电池以及用电装置”的中国专利申请202120205310.2的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，特别是涉及一种电池单体、电池以及用电装置。
背景技术
由于可充放电的电池具有能量密度高、功率密度高、循环使用次数多和存储时间长等优点，在电动汽车、移动设备或电动工具上面已普遍应用。
在目前的电池中，通常使用转接件来连接电池的极耳和电极端子。在电池中，通常需要将转接件折弯，而为了方便折弯，转接件不能制作得太厚，通常为质软的薄片结构，由于转接件的整体硬度较低，在进行弯折时，容易在非预定区域发生弯折，导致折痕偏移，未按预定弯折的转接件容易阻碍电极组件安装入电池的外壳中，如果强行装入电池外壳中，会导致转接件局部受力过大，导致转接件的寿命降低，进而影响电池的使用寿命。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池单体、电池以及用电装置，能够使电极端子与极耳之间的转接件沿预定的位置进行弯折。
第一方面，本申请提出了一种电池单体，包括：极耳；电极端子； 以及转接件，用于电极端子与极耳的电连接；转接件包括：第一连接部，用于与电极端子电连接；第二连接部，用于与极耳电连接；第三连接部，用于连接第一连接部和第二连接部；弯折部，第三连接部与第一连接部以及第三连接部与第二连接部均通过弯折部连接；其中，第三连接部包括加强部，加强部位于第三连接部的与弯折部连接的侧边处；加强部的边缘到弯折部中心线之间的最小距离L满足：R＜L＜(R+2毫米)，其中，L为加强部的边缘到弯折部中心线之间的最小距离，R为弯折部的弯折半径。
在一些实施例中，加强部从第三连接部靠近第一连接部的弯折部延伸至第三连接部靠近第二连接部的弯折部。
在一些实施例中，加强部的数量为至少两个，分别位于第三连接部靠近第一连接部的一侧和第三连接部靠近第二连接部的一侧。
在一些实施例中，加强部包括：凸起结构，设置于第三连接部沿第三连接部的厚度方向的至少一侧表面。
在一些实施例中，凸起结构包括多个凸起部，凸起部沿平行于第三连接部的中心线的方向设置。
在一些实施例中，凸起结构的厚度小于或等于弯折部的弯折半径。
在一些实施例中，加强部包括：绝缘层，覆盖第三连接部沿第三连接部的厚度方向的至少一侧表面的至少一部分。
在一些实施例中，绝缘层覆盖第三连接部沿厚度方向两侧的表面。
在一些实施例中，绝缘层的厚度小于或等于弯折部的弯折半径。
第二方面，本申请提出了一种电池，包括：第一方面的电池单体。
第三方面，本申请提出了一种用电装置，包括第一方面的电池单体，电池单体用于提供电能。
本申请在电池单体的连接件上设置加强部，通过加强部对弯折部的弯折轴来进行位置限定，在不明显增加弯折后的连接件的尺寸的前提下，保证弯折部能够按照预期的位置进行弯折，避免弯折部的弯折位置相对预期的位置发生偏移，进而减小转接件因弯折位置的偏移而造成与壳体接触磨损或损坏的可能性，从而提高转接件的使用寿命。
上述说明仅是本申请实施例技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解 本申请实施例的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请实施例的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读以下参照附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显，其中，相同或相似的附图标记表示相同或相似的特征。
图1为本申请一个实施例的一种车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一个实施例的一种电池的结构示意图；
图3为电池模块的一个示例示意图；
图4为本申请一个实施例的一种电池单体示意图；
图5为图4对应的电池单体爆炸视图；
图6为图4对应的电池单体的纵剖示意图；
图7为本申请一实施例的转接件弯电池折前，电极端子和转接件连接状态示意图；
图8为图7的电极端子和转接件沿A-A剖面线作出的剖视图；
图9为本申请一实施例的转接件弯折后，电极端子和转接件连接状态示意图；
图10为图9的电极端子和转接件沿B-B剖面线作出的剖视图；
图11为本申请一实施例的转接件未弯折状态的俯视图；
图12为图11的转接件沿C-C剖面线作出的剖视图；
图13为图11的转接件弯折后，沿C-C剖面线作出的剖视图；
图14为本申请一实施例中，图11的第三连接部与弯折部的局部放大图；
图15为本申请另一实施例中，图11的第三连接部与弯折部的局部放大图；
图16为本申请一实施例的转接件为凸起结构时的俯视图；
图17为本申请另一实施例的转接件为凸起结构时的俯视图；
图18为本申请再一实施例的转接件为凸起结构时的俯视图；
图19为本申请一实施例的转接件为绝缘层时的俯视图；
图20为本申请一实施例的转接件为绝缘层时的俯视图。
在附图中，附图未必按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明：
1，车辆；
10，电池；11，第一部分；12，第二部分；
20，电池单体；21，极耳；22，壳体；23，电极端子；24，转接件；241，第一连接部；242，第二连接部；243，第三连接部；244，弯折部；245，加强部；25，电极组件；26，端盖；
30，控制器；
40，马达。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的各个方面的特征和示例性实施例。在下面的详细描述中，提出了许多具体细节，以便提供对本申请的全面理解。但是，对于本领域技术人员来说很明显的是，本申请可以在不需要这些具体细节中的一些细节的情况下实施。下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示出本申请的示例来提供对本申请的更好的理解。本申请决不限于下面所提出的任何具体配置和算法，而是在不脱离本申请的精神的前提下覆盖了元素、部件和算法的任何修改、替换和改进。在附图和下面的描述中，没有示出公知的结构和技术，以便避免对本申请造成不必要的模糊。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质 层的集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔膜的材质可以为PP或PE等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案均适用于各种使用电池的装置，例如，手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动玩具、电动工具、电动车辆、船舶和航天器等，例如，航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等。
应理解，本申请实施例描述的技术方案不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的设备，还可以适用于所有使用电池的设备，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以电动车辆为例进行说明。
例如，如图1所示，为本申请一个实施例的一种车辆1的结构示意图，车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部可以设置马达40、控制器30以及电池10，控制器30用来控制电池10为马达40的供电。例如，在车辆1的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池10。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源，用于车辆1的电路系统，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。在本申请的另一实施例中，电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
为了满足不同的使用电力需求，电池10可以包括多个电池单体，其中，多个电池单体之间可以串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合。电池也可以称为电池包。可选地，多个电池单体可以先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联组成电池10。也就是说，多个电池单体可以直接组成电池10，也可以先组成电池模块，电池模块再组成电池。
例如，如图2所示，为本申请一个实施例的一种电池10的结构示意图，电池10可以包括多个电池单体20。电池10还可以包括箱体(或称罩体)，箱体内部为中空结构，多个电池单体10容纳于箱体内。如图2所示，箱体可以包括两部分，这里分别称为第一部分111和第二部分112，第一部分111和第二部分112扣合在一起。第一部分111和第二部分112的形状可以根据多个电池单体20组合的形状而定，第一部分111和第二部分112可以均具有一个开口。例如，第一部分111和第二部分112均可以为中空长方体且各自只有一个面为开口面，第一部分111的开口和第二部分112的开口相对设置，并且第一部分111和第二部分112相互扣合形成具有封闭腔室的箱体。多个电池单体20相互并联或串联或混联组合后置于第一部分111和第二部分112扣合后形成的箱体内。
可选地，电池10还可以包括其他结构，在此不再一一赘述。例如，该电池10还可以包括汇流部件，汇流部件用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接，例如并联或串联或混联。具体地，汇流部件可通过连接电池单体20的电极端子实现电池单体20之间的电连接。进一步地，汇流部件可通过焊接固定于电池单体20的电极端子。多个电池单体20的电能可进一步通过导电机构穿过箱体而引出。可选地，导电机构也可属于汇流部件。根据不同的电力需求，电池单体20的数量可以设置为任意数值。多个电池单体20可通过串联、并联或混联的方式连接以实现较大的容量或功率。由于每个电池10中包括的电池单体20的数量可能较多，为了便于安装，可以将电池单体20分组设置，每组电池单体20组成电池模块。电池模块中包括的电池单体20的数量不限，可以根据需求设置。例如，图3为电池模块的一个示例。电池可以包括多个电池模块，这些电池模块可通过串联、 并联或混联的方式进行连接。
图4为本申请一个实施例的一种电池单体20示意图；图5为图4对应的电池单体20爆炸视图；图6为图4对应的电池单体20的剖视图。
如图4至图6所示，电池单体20包括：电极组件25、壳体22和端盖组件。壳体22为中空的柱体结构，示例性地，可以为圆柱体结构。可以理解的是，壳体22也可以为其他结构，例如棱柱形等，在本申请中以圆柱形为例进行说明。当壳体22可以为中空的圆柱体时，壳体22的端面为开口面，即该端面不具有壁体而使得壳体22内外相通。
端盖组件包括端盖26，端盖26覆盖壳体22的开口并且与壳体22连接，以形成放置电极组件25的封闭的腔体。壳体22内填充有电解质，例如电解液。端盖26大体为平板状。
在一些实施例中，壳体22的两端均具有开口。对应地，端盖组件为两个，两个端盖组件的端盖26分别用于封闭对应地开口。
端盖组件还包括电极端子23，电极端子23设置在端盖26上。端盖26具有贯通的电极引出孔，电极端子23可以穿过电极引出孔并伸出到端盖26的外部。各端盖组件的电极端子23为一个或多个。在一些示例中，各端盖组件的电极端子23为多个。在一些实施例中，端盖组件还包括密封构件和绝缘构件，所述密封构件设置于端子板和端盖26之间并用于密封电极引出孔。绝缘构件设置于端盖26的内侧并用于将盖板25和电极组件25隔开。
电极组件25具有两个极耳21，两个极耳21极性相反。在一些示例中，两个极耳21分别位于电极组件25的两端，并分别与一个端盖组件的电极端子23电连接，与正极极耳电连接的电极端子23为正极端子，与负极极耳电连接的电极端子23为负极端子。
端盖组件还包括转接件24，转接件24用于电极端子23与极耳21的电连接。转接件24位于极耳21与端盖26之间。
图7为本申请一实施例的转接件24弯折前，电极端子和转接件24连接状态示意图；图8为图7的电极端子23和转接件24沿A-A剖面线作出的剖视图；图9为本申请一实施例的转接件24弯折后，电极端子23和 转接件24连接状态示意图；图10为图9的电极端子23和转接件24沿B-B剖面线作出的剖视图；图11为本申请一实施例的转接件24未弯折状态的俯视图。
如图7至图11所示，转接件24包括：第一连接部241、第二连接部242、第三连接部243和弯折部244。第一连接部241，用于与电极端子电连接；第二连接部242，用于与极耳21电连接；第三连接部243，用于连接第一连接部241和第二连接部242；弯折部244，第三连接部243与第一连接部241以及第三连接部243与第二连接部242均通过弯折部244连接。
图12为图11的转接件24处于未弯折状时，沿C-C剖面线作出的剖视图；图13为图11的转接件24弯折后，沿C-C剖面线作出的剖视图。如图12和图13所示，在安装极耳21与电极端子23时，第一连接部241与第三连接部243之间的弯折部244沿第一方向X弯折，第二连接部242和第三连接部243之间的弯折部244沿第二方向Y弯折，其中第一方向与第二方向相反，使得第一连接部241、第三连接部243和第二连接部242形成三层的层状结构。
在折弯前，转接件24大体为板状具有较大的长度，此时，转接件24可以方便地连接到极耳21；转接件24连接到极耳21之后，再将转接件24折弯。通过折弯转接件24，可以减小转接件24占用的空间，便于端盖26与壳体22的连接。
需要说明的是，第一连接部241、第二连接部242、第三连接部243和弯折部244为一体的薄片结构，均为转接件24的一部分。在弯折部244未进行弯折时，弯折部244与第三连接部243位于同一平面，在该平面内弯折部244的中心线即为弯折部进行弯折后的折痕位置；在弯折部244进行弯折后，弯折部244形成弯折轴，弯折部244整体绕弯折轴旋转弯折成曲面，此时，弯折轴与弯折部244的中心线平行，二者确定一虚拟的平面，该虚拟平面与第三连接部所在平面平行，此外，弯折部244的中心线的位置即为弯折折痕的位置。
由于转接件24整体为片状，通常会采用质软的材料进行制作以方便弯折。在对转接件24进行弯折时，申请人注意到，在对转接件24进行弯 折时，由于采用质软的材料，转接件24的弯折位置很容易相对预设的弯折位置发生偏移和/或偏转，造成转接件24无法在预期的弯折位置弯折，即弯折位置容易产生偏移，导致生产过程中，端盖不易入壳，或者强制入壳，转接件24局部受力严重，导致转接件24的寿命严重下降。
基于上述问题，申请人对电池单体的结构进行了改进，下面结合具体的实施例进行详细描述。
图14为本申请一实施例中，对应图11的第三连接部243与弯折部244的局部放大图。如图11至图14所示，第三连接部243包括加强部245，第三连接部243相对的两个侧边与两个弯折部244连接，加强部245位于该两个侧边之间。由于加强部245比弯折部244更难以弯折，在对弯折部244进行弯折时，可以沿加强部245的边缘进行弯折，使得弯折部244的折痕与预设的折痕位置重合，实现加强部245对弯折部244定位。加强部245的边缘到弯折部244中心线之间的最小距离L满足：R＜L＜(R+2毫米)，其中，L为加强部245的边缘到弯折部244中心线之间的最小距离，R为弯折部244的弯折半径。由于R＜L＜(R+2毫米)，使得加强部245不会距离弯折部244过远或过近，一旦加强部245距离弯折部244过远，加强部245对弯折部244的位置限定作用会减弱，造成折弯位置不准确，一旦加强部245距离弯折部244过近，加强部245会影响弯折部244的弯折，造成折弯困难。需要说明的是，如图13所示，弯折部244处于弯折状态时，弯折半径R为弯折部244弯折的内径。
通过加强部245对弯折部244弯折后的弯折轴进行位置限定，能够避免弯折部244的弯折折痕发生偏移，减小转接件24因折痕偏移造成与壳体22接触磨损、损坏的可能性，提高转接件24的使用寿命。
如图14所示，加强部245从第三连接部243靠近第一连接部241的侧边延伸至第三连接部243靠近第二连接部242的侧边，由于加强部245在第三连接部243上延伸，在对转接件24进行弯折时，直接沿加强部245对转接件24进行弯折，对应的弯折部244的折痕的位置即可满足预设的折痕位置的需求。示例性地，加强部245可以覆盖第三连接部243沿厚度方向的两个侧面；或者，加强部245也可以只覆盖在第三连接部243沿厚度 方向的一个侧面上。
图15为本申请另一实施例中，图11的第三连接部243与弯折部244的局部放大图。如图15所示，加强部245的数量为至少两个，分别位于第三连接部243靠近第一连接部241的一侧和第三连接部243靠近第二连接部242的一侧，由于加强部245在第三连接部243与弯折部244连接的侧边处，在对转接件24进行弯折时，直接沿加强部245对转接件24进行弯折，对应的弯折部244的折痕的位置即可满足预设的折痕位置的需求。示例性的，加强部245为两个长条结构，沿第三连接部243与弯折部244连接的侧边延伸；或者，加强部245为两组，每组加强部245沿第三连接部243与弯折部244连接的侧边排列。
图16为本申请一实施例的转接件24为凸起结构时的俯视图；图17为本申请另一实施例的转接件24为凸起结构时的俯视图；图18为本申请再一实施例的转接件24为凸起结构时的俯视图。
如图16至18所示，加强部245包括：凸起结构，设置于第三连接部243沿第三连接部243的厚度方向的至少一侧表面。加强部245采用凸起的形式，来对弯折部244的弯折折痕进行位置限定。弯折部244与第三连接部243为一体结构，沿厚度方向具备共面的表面，由于凸起结构相对第三连接部243沿厚度方向的表面凸起，在对弯折部244进行弯折时，弯折折痕会沿凸起结构的边缘延伸并形成位置确定的连续的直线，保证弯折部244弯折后，第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243互相平行且贴紧。
本申请的一种实施例中，凸起结构包括多个凸起部。凸起部沿平行于弯折轴线的方向设置。
示例性地，凸包可以包含以下三种形式中的一种或多种：
(1)如图16所示，凸起部设有2组，每组凸起部设有多个，每组凸起部沿第三连接部243与弯折部244连接的侧边排列；
(2)如图17所示，凸起部设有2个，每个凸起部为长条形，每个凸起部沿第三连接部243与弯折部244连接的侧边延伸；
(3)如图18所示，凸起部为设有2个，每个凸包为长条形，每个 凸起部从第三连接部243靠近第一连接部241的侧边延伸至第三连接部243靠近第二连接部242的侧边。
在本申请的一种实施例中，凸起结构的厚度小于或等于弯折部244的弯折半径。一旦凸起结构的厚度大于弯折部244的弯折半径，第一连接部241或第二连接部242会相对第三连接部243翘起，即弯折部244的弯折角度小于180°，会增加极耳21与电极端子23之间的距离，从而会增加电池单体20的轴向尺寸。本申请实施例的凸起结构厚度小于等于弯折部244的弯折半径，使得弯折部244弯折后，第一连接部241、第三连接部243和第二连接部242形成三层的层状结构，避免第一连接部241或第二连接部242翘起，从而使电池单体20具备更小的轴向尺寸。
在本申请的一种实施例中，加强部245包括：绝缘层，覆盖第三连接部243沿第三连接部243的厚度方向的至少一侧表面的至少一部分。通过在第三连接部243上设置绝缘层，来使得第三连接部243上设置绝缘层的位置比弯折部244更难弯折，从而实现对弯折部244弯折轴的位置限定。
图19为本申请一实施例的转接件24为绝缘层时的俯视图；图20为本申请一实施例的转接件24为绝缘层时的俯视图。
如图19和图20所示，绝缘层覆盖第三连接部243沿厚度方向两侧的表面。考虑到转接件24能够将极耳21与电极端子23电连接，在转接件24弯折后，为了避免第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243沿厚度方向的侧面之间发生电连接，影响电池单体20的正常使用。本申请将绝缘层覆盖在第三连接部243沿厚度方向的两面不仅能够实现对弯折部244弯折轴的位置限定，还能实现第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243沿厚度方向的侧面之间的绝缘。
在本申请的一种实施例中，绝缘层的厚度小于或等于弯折部244的弯折半径。一旦绝缘层的厚度大于弯折部244的弯折半径，第一连接部241或第二连接部242会相对第三连接部243翘起，即弯折部244的弯折角度小于180°，会增加极耳21与电极端子23之间的距离，从而会增加电池单体20的轴向尺寸。本申请实施例的绝缘层厚度小于等于弯折部244的弯折半径，使得弯折部244弯折后，第一连接部241、第三连接部243和第二连 接部242形成三层的层状结构，避免第一连接部241或第二连接部242翘起，从而使电池单体20具备更小的轴向尺寸。
需要说明的是，一个电池单体20的两个电极中，每个电极均设置相应的极耳21、转接件24和电极端子23，每个电极的转接件24可以采用本申请上述任一实施例的来实现对弯折部244的弯折轴位置限定，例如：正极的转接件24的加强部245和负极的转接件24的加强部245均采用凸起结构的形式；正极的转接件24的加强部245采用凸起结构的形式，负极的转接件24的加强部245采用绝缘层的形式；正极的转接件24的加强部245采用绝缘层的形式，负极的转接件24的加强部245采用凸起结构的形式；正极的转接件24的加强部245和负极的转接件24的加强部245均采用绝缘层的形式。
综上所述，本申请的上述实施例提供的电池单体20、电池以及用电装置，通过在第三连接部243上设置加强部245，来对弯折部244的弯折轴位置进行限定，使得弯折轴能够在预定位置进行弯折，避免弯折部244的弯折折痕发生偏移，使得电极端子23能够顺利安装入电池单体20的壳体22内，减小转接件24因折痕偏移造成损坏的可能性，提高转接件24的使用寿命。
本申请可以以其他的具体形式实现，而不脱离其精神和本质特征。例如，特定实施例中所描述的算法可以被修改，而系统体系结构并不脱离本申请的基本精神。因此，当前的实施例在所有方面都被看作是示例性的而非限定性的，本申请的范围由所附权利要求而非上述描述定义，并且，落入权利要求的含义和等同物的范围内的全部改变从而都被包括在本申请的范围之中。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电池单体，包括：
    极耳；
    电极端子；以及
    转接件，用于所述电极端子与所述极耳的电连接；所述转接件包括：第一连接部，用于与所述电极端子电连接；第二连接部，用于与所述极耳电连接；第三连接部，用于连接所述第一连接部和所述第二连接部；弯折部，所述第三连接部与所述第一连接部以及所述第三连接部与所述第二连接部均通过所述弯折部连接；
    其中，所述第三连接部包括加强部，所述加强部位于所述第三连接部与两个弯折部连接的侧边处；
    所述加强部的边缘到所述弯折部中心线之间的最小距离L满足：
    R＜L＜(R+2毫米)，
    其中，L为所述加强部的边缘到所述弯折部中心线之间的最小距离，R为所述弯折部的弯折半径。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述加强部从第三连接部靠近所述第一连接部的侧边延伸至第三连接部靠近所述第二连接部的侧边。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体，其中，所述加强部的数量为至少两个，分别位于所述第三连接部靠近所述第一连接部的一侧和所述第三连接部靠近所述第二连接部的一侧。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述加强部包括：
    凸起结构，设置于所述第三连接部沿所述第三连接部的厚度方向的至少一侧表面。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其中，所述凸起结构包括多个凸起部，所述凸起部沿平行于第三连接部的中心线的方向设置。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的电池单体，其中，所述凸起结构的厚度小于或等于所述弯折部的弯折半径。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述加强部包括：
    绝缘层，覆盖所述第三连接部沿所述第三连接部的厚度方向的至少一侧表面的至少一部分。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池单体，其中，所述绝缘层覆盖所述第三连接部沿所述厚度方向两侧的表面。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的电池单体，其中，所述绝缘层的厚度小于或等于所述弯折部的弯折半径。
  10. 一种电池，包括：权利要求1至9任一所述的电池单体。
  11. 一种用电装置，包括权利要求1至9任一所述的电池单体，所述电池单体用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2021/140797 2021-01-25 2021-12-23 电池单体、电池以及用电装置 WO2022156478A1 (zh)

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