WO2022246839A1 - 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022246839A1
WO2022246839A1 PCT/CN2021/096943 CN2021096943W WO2022246839A1 WO 2022246839 A1 WO2022246839 A1 WO 2022246839A1 CN 2021096943 W CN2021096943 W CN 2021096943W WO 2022246839 A1 WO2022246839 A1 WO 2022246839A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
main body
end cap
battery cell
cap assembly
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/096943
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周文林
郑于炼
陈新祥
徐良帆
王鹏
金海族
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202180013786.9A priority Critical patent/CN115699445B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2021/096943 priority patent/WO2022246839A1/zh
Priority to EP21806607.4A priority patent/EP4120466B1/en
Priority to JP2023550672A priority patent/JP2024507885A/ja
Priority to EP24154982.3A priority patent/EP4340119A3/en
Priority to KR1020237037981A priority patent/KR20230167395A/ko
Priority to US17/564,598 priority patent/US20220384916A1/en
Publication of WO2022246839A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022246839A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/176—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/528—Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/54—Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular, to a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a method and device for manufacturing the battery cell.
  • Batteries are widely used in electronic equipment, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes and electric tools, etc.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a manufacturing method and device for the battery cell, which can effectively improve the safety of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including: an electrode assembly, including a main body and tabs; a casing with an opening, and the casing is used to accommodate the electrode assembly; an end cap assembly for and a support member located between the main body and the end cap assembly, the tab is bent around the support member, the support member is configured to prevent the main body from moving along the direction of movement of the end cap assembly.
  • the support is located between the main body and the end cap assembly, the tabs are bent around the support, and the support restricts the main body and the tabs of the electrode assembly to prevent the main body from moving along the direction facing the end cap assembly.
  • the movement effectively reduces the risk of a positive and negative short circuit caused by the main body moving up and down in the casing to cause the tabs to be inserted into the main body, and improves the safety of the battery cell.
  • the support member includes: a support portion for abutting against the main body along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly; the tab is bent around the partition portion, and In the width direction of the end cover assembly, the partition part is connected to one end of the support part.
  • the supporting part leans against the main body, and the supporting part acts as a restriction on the main body, so as to prevent the main body from moving in a direction facing the end cap assembly.
  • the partition part is connected to one end of the support part, and the tab can be conveniently bent and arranged on the partition part.
  • the partition part acts as a restriction on the tab and prevents the tab from being inserted into the main body.
  • the projected area of the support part is larger than the projected area of the partition part.
  • the projected area of the support portion in the thickness direction of the end cap assembly is larger than the projected area of the partition portion in the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, so that the support portion has a larger support range between the end cap assembly and the main body, It is ensured that the supporting part has better supporting capacity between the main body and the end cover assembly, so as to prevent the supporting part from damaging the main body.
  • the size of the support part is larger than the size of the partition part.
  • the dimension of the support portion in the thickness direction of the end cap assembly is larger than the dimension of the partition portion in the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, that is to say, the thickness of the support portion is thicker than that of the partition portion, and the support The thicker part can make the support part not easy to deform, and further ensure that the support part has better supporting capacity between the main body and the end cap assembly, and the thinner part makes the detour path of the tab shorter, which is convenient for tab bending folded in the partition.
  • the side of the support member facing the end cover assembly has a reinforcing part, and the reinforcement part is used to enhance the strength of the support member.
  • the side of the support facing the end cover assembly has a reinforcing part to enhance the strength of the support, so that the support part is not easy to deform when the main body is abutted, thereby improving the strength of the support between the main body and the end cover assembly. support capacity.
  • the projected area of the support portion is larger than 1/3 of the projected area of the support member.
  • the projected area of the support part in the thickness direction of the end cap assembly is larger than 1/3 of the projected area of the support part in the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, that is to say, 1/3 of the support part can be
  • the main body is supported, and the contact area between the support piece and the main body is large, thereby improving the stability of the main body in the casing.
  • the electrode assembly includes two tabs with opposite polarities, and the two tabs are arranged side by side along the length direction of the end cap assembly; A first part and a second part arranged side by side in the length direction, the two tabs are respectively bent around the first part and the second part; the support also includes a connecting part, and the connecting part is located on the Between the first part and the second part, the connection part is used to isolate the two tabs.
  • the connecting portion between the first part and the second part can isolate the two tabs with opposite polarities of the electrode assembly, reducing the risk of short circuit caused by contact between the two tabs.
  • the connecting portion in the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, is used to abut against the main body.
  • the connecting part abuts against the main body in the thickness direction of the end cover assembly, and the connecting part not only plays the role of isolating the two tabs of the electrode assembly, but also plays the role of supporting the main body, improving the stability of the main body in the housing sex.
  • the battery cell includes a plurality of electrode assemblies stacked along the width direction of the end cap assembly; in the width direction of the end cap assembly, both ends of the support part are The partition part is provided, and the tabs of one group of electrode assemblies among the plurality of electrode assemblies are bent around the partition part located at one end of the support part, and the tabs of the other group of electrode assemblies are bent around the partition part located at one end of the support part.
  • the partition part at the other end of the support part is bent.
  • the tabs of one group of electrode assemblies are bent around the partition at one end of the support, and the tabs of the other group of electrode assemblies are bent around the partition at the other end of the support.
  • the bending that is to say, the supporting member can restrict the tabs of multiple electrode assemblies, thereby improving the safety of the battery.
  • the tab includes: a first bent portion, the first bent portion is located on a side of the partition facing the main body; and a second bent portion is the same as the first bent portion.
  • the bent parts are connected and bent relative to the first bent part, and the second bent part is located on a side of the partition part away from the main body.
  • the interconnected first bending portion and the second bending portion are respectively located on the side of the partition facing the main body and on the side of the partition facing away from the main body, that is to say, the tab is bent around the partition
  • the partition plays a very good role in restricting the tab, making it difficult for the tab to be inserted into the main body.
  • the supporting part has a first surface facing the main body, and the first surface is configured to abut against the main body; the partition part has a second surface facing the main body, and the partition part has a second surface facing the main body.
  • the second surface is configured to be farther away from the main body than the first surface to form a receiving portion, at least a part of the first bent portion is accommodated in the receiving portion Ministry.
  • the second surface of the partition part is farther away from the main body than the first surface of the supporting part to form an accommodation part, and at least a part of the first bending part is accommodated in the accommodation part so that the first surface abuts against the main body, And the space occupied by the first bending part can be reduced, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the second surface is in contact with the first bent portion.
  • the second surface is bonded to the first bent part, and the gap between the first bent part and the second surface is eliminated, so that the structure of the tab and the partition is more compact.
  • the receiving portion extends to the edge of the partition along the width direction of the end cap assembly.
  • the accommodating portion extends to the edge of the partition along the width direction of the end cap assembly, so that the first bending portion is accommodated in the accommodating portion when the tab is bent around the partition.
  • the end cap assembly is provided with a first recess facing the body, the first recess being configured to receive at least a portion of the support.
  • At least a part of the supporting member is accommodated in the first recess, which can reduce the space occupied by the supporting member inside the casing, and make more space for the main body of the electrode assembly, which is conducive to improving the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the first recess is configured to accommodate at least a portion of the tab.
  • At least a part of the tab is accommodated in the first recess, which can reduce the space occupied by the tab inside the casing, and is beneficial to improve the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the end cover assembly includes: an end cover for covering the opening; and an insulator disposed on a side of the end cover facing the main body, the insulator A part is configured to isolate the end cap from the electrode assembly, the first recess is disposed on the insulator, the support is located between the insulator and the main body, and the support is against the insulator.
  • the insulator and the body are configured to isolate the end cap from the electrode assembly, the first recess is disposed on the insulator, the support is located between the insulator and the main body, and the support is against the insulator. The insulator and the body.
  • the insulator is arranged on the side of the end cap facing the main body, and the insulator plays the role of separating the end cap and the electrode assembly, reducing the risk of short circuit of the battery cells caused by the contact between the end cap and the electrode assembly.
  • the supporting part is located between the insulating part and the main body, and is against the insulating part and the main body. The supporting part can prevent the insulating part and the main body from approaching each other, and the main body is not easy to move up and down in the casing.
  • the insulator includes: a first body portion having a first inner surface and a first outer surface oppositely arranged in a thickness direction of the end cap assembly; and a first a convex portion, the first convex portion protrudes from the first outer surface in a direction away from the main body, and a position corresponding to the first convex portion is formed on the first body portion.
  • the inner surface is recessed toward the direction away from the main body; the end cap is provided with a second concave portion facing the main body, and the second concave portion is used to accommodate at least a part of the first convex portion .
  • the setting of the first convex part of the insulator can, on the one hand, strengthen the position of the first concave part on the first body part; on the other hand, it can allow the first concave part to move away from the main body The direction of the depression.
  • this structure makes the structure of the insulator and the end cap relatively compact, so as to make more space for the main body of the electrode assembly, which is conducive to improving the performance of the electrode assembly.
  • the energy density of a battery cell is a battery cell.
  • the bottom surface of the first recess is further away from the main body than the first outer surface.
  • the bottom surface of the first concave portion is further away from the main body than the first outer surface, so that the first concave portion is sunken into the first convex portion in a direction away from the main body, thereby increasing the concave depth of the first concave portion.
  • the end cap includes: a second body portion, in the thickness direction of the end cap assembly, the second body portion has a second inner surface and a second outer surface oppositely arranged, the A second inner surface faces the first outer surface; and a second convex portion protrudes from the second outer surface in a direction away from the main body, the second body portion and the The position corresponding to the second convex part is formed with the second concave part recessed from the second inner surface in a direction away from the main body.
  • the setting of the second convex part of the end cap can, on the one hand, strengthen the position where the second concave part is set on the second body part; on the other hand, it can allow the second concave part to deviate as far as possible The direction of the subject is concave.
  • the bottom surface of the second recess is further away from the main body than the second outer surface.
  • the bottom surface of the second concave portion is further away from the main body than the second outer surface, so that the second concave portion is sunken into the second convex portion in a direction away from the main body, thereby increasing the concave depth of the second concave portion.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including: the battery cell provided in any one embodiment of the first aspect; and a box for accommodating the battery cell.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an electric device, including the battery provided in any one embodiment of the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell.
  • the method includes: providing an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly including a main body and tabs; providing a casing, the casing has an opening: providing an end Cover assembly; provide a support; bend the tab around the support; accommodate the electrode assembly in the housing; cover the end cover assembly on the opening; wherein, the A support is located between the end cap assembly and the main body, the support being configured to prevent movement of the main body in a direction facing the end cap assembly.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery cell manufacturing equipment, including: a first providing device for providing an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly includes a main body and tabs; a second providing device for providing A housing, the housing has an opening: a third providing device for providing an end cap assembly; a fourth providing device for providing a support; an assembling device for bending the tab around the support fold, and cover the end cap assembly to the opening; wherein the support is located between the end cap assembly and the main body, the support is configured to prevent the main body from moving along the direction of movement of the end cap assembly.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module shown in FIG. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery cell shown in Fig. 4;
  • Figure 6 is a frontal axonometric view of the support shown in Figure 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of A of the battery cell shown in Fig. 5;
  • Figure 8 is a reverse axonometric view of the support shown in Figure 5;
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a manufacturing device for a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the shape of a round body, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative plates.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum
  • the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector that has been coated with the negative electrode active material layer .
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the inventors have found that for general battery cells, there is a risk of short circuit, which affects the safety of the battery cells.
  • the inventor further researched and found that in the battery cell, in order to realize the bending assembly of the tabs, it is necessary to leave a certain space between the end cover assembly and the main body of the electrode assembly, causing the main body of the electrode assembly to easily move up and down , so that the tabs are easily inserted into the main body, resulting in a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes, which in turn affects the safety of the battery cell.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a technical solution.
  • the tabs are bent around the support, and the support prevents the main body from moving along the direction facing the end cap assembly.
  • Direction movement can effectively reduce the risk of positive and negative short circuit caused by the main body moving up and down in the shell to make the tabs inserted into the main body, and improve the safety of the battery cell.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not impose special limitations on the above electric equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 (not shown in FIG. 2 ), and the battery cell 20 housed in the case 10.
  • the case 10 is used to house the battery cells 20 .
  • the box body 10 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid and so on.
  • the box body 10 may include a lower box body 11 and an upper box body 12 , the lower box body 11 and the upper box body 12 cover each other to define an accommodating space 13 for accommodating the battery cells 20 .
  • the connection between the lower box body 11 and the upper box body 12 can be sealed by a sealing member, and the sealing member can be a sealing ring, a sealant, or the like.
  • the lower box body 11 and the upper box body 12 can be in various shapes, such as cuboid, cylinder and so on.
  • the lower box body 11 can be a hollow structure with an opening on one side
  • the upper box body 12 can also be a hollow structure with an opening on one side. 13 of the box 10 .
  • the battery 100 there may be one or a plurality of battery cells 20 . If there are multiple battery cells 20 , the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel. The mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both in series and in parallel.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module 30 shown in FIG. 30 are then connected in series, in parallel or mixed to form a whole, and accommodated in the box body 10.
  • multiple battery cells 20 may also be directly connected in series, in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of multiple battery cells 20 is housed in the case 10 .
  • the battery 100 may further include a confluence component 40 , through which the plurality of battery cells 20 may be electrically connected, so as to realize series, parallel or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the bus component 40 may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 includes an electrode assembly 21 , a casing 22 , an end cap assembly 23 and a support. twenty four.
  • the electrode assembly 21 includes a main body 211 and tabs 212 .
  • the case 22 has an opening, and the case 22 is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 21 .
  • the end cap assembly 23 is used to cover the opening.
  • the support member 24 is located between the main body 211 and the end cover assembly 23 , the tab 212 is bent around the support member 24 , and the support member 24 is configured to prevent the main body 211 from moving in a direction facing the end cover assembly 23 .
  • the support member 24 is located between the main body 211 and the end cap assembly 23, the tab 212 is bent around the support member 24, and the support member 24 is opposed to the main body 211 and the tab 212 of the electrode assembly 21. It plays a restrictive role to prevent the main body 211 from moving in the direction facing the end cap assembly 23, effectively reducing the risk of positive and negative short circuits caused by the main body 211 moving up and down in the housing 22 so that the tabs 212 are inserted into the main body 211 , improving the safety of the battery cell 20 .
  • the support member 24 is located between the main body 211 and the end cover assembly 23, the support member 24 can occupy the space between the end cover assembly 23 and the main body 211, and can reduce the battery cell 20 upside down (the end cover assembly of the battery cell 20 23 facing downwards, the end cover assembly 23 is located at the bottom of the housing 22), because a large amount of electrolyte enters the space between the support member 24 and the end cover assembly 23, resulting in insufficient electrolyte inside the main body 211 and shortening the life of the battery cell 20 risk of shortening.
  • the supporting member 24 is supported between the main body 211 and the end cap assembly 23 , the supporting member 24 not only abuts against the main body 211 , but also abuts against the end cap assembly 23 .
  • the supporting member 24 and the main body 211 may directly or indirectly abut; the supporting member 24 and the end cover assembly 23 may directly or indirectly abut.
  • the number of electrode assemblies 21 is one or more.
  • the electrode assembly 21 may include at least one battery cell, that is to say, in the electrode assembly 21, there may be one or more battery cells. In the case that there are multiple battery cells in the electrode assembly 21 , the multiple battery cells can be stacked.
  • the cell can include a cell body 2110 and a sub-tab. If there is one cell in the electrode assembly 21, the cell body 2110 is the main body 211 of the electrode assembly 21, and the sub-tab is the tab 212 of the electrode assembly 21; There are multiple cells in the electrode assembly 21 , the cell bodies 2110 of the multiple cells jointly form the main body 211 of the electrode assembly 21 , and the sub-tabs of the multiple cells jointly form the tab 212 of the electrode assembly 21 .
  • the sub-tab of the battery cell is divided into a positive sub-tab and a negative sub-tab, and the tab 212 of the electrode assembly 21 is divided into a positive tab 212a and a negative tab 212b.
  • each electrode assembly 21 includes two electric cores, and the electric core bodies 2110 of the two electric cores jointly form the main body 211 of the electrode assembly 21.
  • the positive tabs of one cell jointly form the positive tab 212a of the electrode assembly 21
  • the negative tabs of the two cells jointly form the negative tab 212b of the electrode assembly 21 .
  • the battery cell may include a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • the battery core can be a winding structure formed by winding a positive pole piece, a separator and a negative pole piece, or a stacked structure formed by stacking a positive pole piece, a separator and a negative pole piece.
  • the positive electrode sheet may include a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer coated on opposite sides of the positive electrode collector.
  • the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer coated on opposite sides of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the cell body 2110 of the battery cell can be the corresponding part of the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece coated with the active material layer, and the positive pole tab of the battery core can be the part of the positive pole piece that is not coated with the positive active material layer.
  • the negative tab of the core may be a part of the negative electrode sheet that is not coated with the negative active material layer.
  • the positive tab 212 a and the negative tab 212 b can be located on the same side of the main body 211 , or can be located on opposite sides of the main body 211 respectively. In FIG. 4 , for example, the positive pole tab 212 a and the negative pole tab 212 b are located on the same side of the main body 211 .
  • the tab 212 is bent around the support 24
  • the positive tab 212a may be bent around the support 24
  • the negative tab 212b may be bent around the support 24
  • both the positive pole tab 212a and the negative pole tab 212b may be bent around the support member 24.
  • the tab 212 is bent around the support member 24 , and the tab 212 may or may not be in contact with the end of the support member 24 .
  • the housing 22 may be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, and the like.
  • the shape of the casing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 21 .
  • the shell 22 can be a cylindrical structure; if the electrode assembly 21 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the shell 22 can be a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the housing 22 is a cuboid hollow structure with an opening formed at one end.
  • the housing 22 may also be made of various materials, such as plastic, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc., which are not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Electrodes assemblies 21 in the casing 22 There may be one or more electrode assemblies 21 in the casing 22 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 may be stacked and arranged in the case 22 .
  • the main bodies 211 of the two electrode assemblies 21 are stacked and arranged in the housing 22 .
  • the end cap assembly 23 includes an end cap 231 for covering the opening of the casing 22 to form a closed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 21 and the electrolyte.
  • the end cap assembly 23 may also include an electrode terminal 232 .
  • the electrode terminal 232 is installed on the end cover 231 , and the electrode terminal 232 is used for electrical connection with the tab 212 .
  • Electrode terminals 232 in the end cap assembly 23 there may be one or more electrode terminals 232 in the end cap assembly 23 .
  • the electrode terminal 232 in the end cap assembly 23 can be one, wherein, the electrode terminal 232 in one end cap assembly 23 is positive
  • the electrode terminal 232a, the electrode terminal 232 in the other end cap assembly 23 is the negative electrode terminal 232b.
  • the end cap assembly 23 there may be multiple electrode terminals 232 in the end cap assembly 23, so that the end cap assembly 23 includes Two electrode terminals 232 are taken as an example, and the two electrode terminals 232 can be respectively a positive electrode terminal 232a and a negative electrode terminal 232b.
  • 212b is electrically connected, and in the length direction X of the end cap assembly 23, the positive electrode terminal 232a and the negative electrode terminal 232b may be distributed on the end cap 231 at intervals.
  • the electrode terminal 232 of the end cap assembly 23 and the tab 212 of the electrode assembly 21 can be electrically connected in various ways.
  • the tab 212 is directly connected to the electrode terminal 232 to realize the electrical connection between the electrode terminal 232 and the tab 212; connect.
  • the electrode terminal 232 and the tab 212 may be indirectly connected through the current collecting member 233 to realize the electrical connection between the electrode terminal 232 and the tab 212 .
  • the two electrode terminals 232 are respectively a positive electrode terminal 232a and a negative electrode terminal 232b, and the positive electrode terminal 232a and the positive electrode tab 212a can be electrically connected through a current collecting member 233,
  • the negative electrode terminal 232b and the negative tab 212b of the electrode assembly 21 may be electrically connected through another current collecting member 233 .
  • the current collecting member 233 may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and the like. Both the electrode terminal 232 and the tab 212 can be connected to the current collecting member 233 in various ways, for example, the electrode terminal 232 and the tab 212 are welded to the current collecting member 233 .
  • the end cap assembly 23 may further include a pressure relief mechanism 234 installed on the end cap 231, and the pressure relief mechanism 234 is used for releasing when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value. The pressure inside the battery cell 20 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 234 may be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, a burst disk, an air valve, or a pressure relief valve.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 234 may be disposed between the positive electrode terminal 232 a and the negative electrode terminal 232 b in the length direction X of the end cap assembly 23 .
  • FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery cell 20 shown in FIG. At least a portion of the support 24 .
  • This structure can reduce the space occupied by the support member 24 inside the casing 22 , so as to make more space for the main body 211 of the electrode assembly 21 , which is beneficial to improve the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first concave portion 2351 is configured to accommodate at least a part of the support member 24 . It is understandable that the support member 24 may be partially or completely accommodated in the first concave portion 2351 . Exemplarily, in FIG. 5 , a part of the support member 24 is accommodated in the first recess 2351 .
  • the first recess 2351 is configured to receive at least a portion of the tab 212 . Understandably, the tab 212 may be partially or completely accommodated in the first concave portion 2351 . This structure can reduce the space occupied by the tabs 212 inside the housing 22 , which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the support 24 and the tab 212 can occupy a part of the space in the first recess 2351, reducing the electrolyte solution when the battery cell 20 is inverted.
  • the amount entering into the first concave portion 2351 at the same time reduces the risk of shortening the life of the battery cell 20 due to insufficient electrolyte in the main body 211 .
  • a part of the tab 212 is accommodated in the first concave portion 2351 .
  • the main body 211 has a first end surface 2111, the first end surface 2111 of the main body 211 faces the bottom surface of the first recess 2351, the support member 24 is configured to be in contact with the first end surface 2111 of the main body 211 and the bottom surface of the first recess 2351 offset.
  • the offset referred to here can be direct offset or indirect offset. In FIG. 5 , the situation where the support member 24 directly abuts against the first end surface 2111 and the bottom surface of the first concave portion 2351 is exemplarily shown.
  • the bottom surface of the first concave portion 2351 is defined as the first bottom surface 2351a.
  • the support member 24 is entirely located in the gap formed by the first bottom surface 2351 a of the first concave portion 2351 and the first end surface 2111 .
  • the first end surface 2111 is an end surface of the main body 211 close to the end cover assembly 23 , and the tab 212 is connected to the first end surface 2111 .
  • the other end of the main body 211 opposite to the first end surface 2111 is used to abut against the bottom wall of the housing 22 .
  • the electrode terminal 232 and the tab 212 are connected through the current collecting member 233 to realize the electrical connection between the electrode terminal 232 and the tab 212, at least a part of the current collecting member 233 can be accommodated in the first recess 2351 In order to reduce the space occupied by the current collecting member 233 inside the casing 22 and make more space for the main body 211 , it is beneficial to improve the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • At least a part of the current collecting member 233 is accommodated in the first recess 2351 , that is, a part of the current collecting member 233 is accommodated in the first recess 2351 , or all the current collecting member 233 is accommodated in the first recess 2351 .
  • the first recess 2351 can be disposed on the end cap 231 , and the support member 24 can directly abut against the end cap 231 and the main body 211 of the electrode assembly 21 .
  • the end cap 231 can be made of insulating material.
  • the first concave portion 2351 of the end cap assembly 23 can also be disposed on other components in the end cap assembly 23 .
  • the end cap assembly 23 may further include an insulator 235 disposed on the side of the end cap 231 facing the main body 211 , and the insulator 235 is configured to separate the end cap 231 from the electrodes.
  • Assembly 21, the first recess 2351 is disposed on the insulating member 235, the supporting member 24 is located between the insulating member 235 and the main body 211, and the supporting member 24 is against the insulating member 235 and the main body 211 to prevent the insulating member 235 and the main body 211 from approaching each other .
  • the insulator 235 functions to separate the end cap 231 from the electrode assembly 21 , reducing the risk of the battery cell 20 being short-circuited due to the contact between the end cap 231 and the electrode assembly 21 .
  • the insulating member 235 is made of insulating material, and the insulating member 235 may be made of rubber, plastic or other materials.
  • the end cap 231 may be made of metal, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • the insulator 235 may include a first body portion 2352 and a first protrusion 2353 .
  • the first body portion 2352 has a first inner surface 2352a and a first outer surface 2352b oppositely disposed in the thickness direction Z thereof.
  • the first convex portion 2353 protrudes from the first outer surface 2352b in a direction away from the main body 211, and the position of the first body portion 2352 corresponding to the first convex portion 2353 is formed with a depression from the first inner surface 2352a in a direction away from the main body 211.
  • the end cover 231 is provided with a second concave portion 2311 facing the main body 211 , and the second concave portion 2311 is used for receiving at least a part of the first convex portion 2353 .
  • the setting of the first convex portion 2353 of the insulator 235 can strengthen the position of the first concave portion 2351 on the first body portion 2352; on the other hand, it can allow the first concave portion 2351 to move away from the main body
  • the direction of 211 is recessed.
  • this structure makes the structure of the insulator 235 and the end cap 231 relatively compact, so as to make room for the main body 211 of the electrode assembly 21. More space is beneficial to improve the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first bottom surface 2351a of the first concave portion 2351 may be further away from the main body 211 than the first outer surface 2352b. This structure makes the first recess 2351 recess into the first protrusion 2353 in a direction away from the main body 211 , increasing the recess depth of the first recess 2351 .
  • the first bottom surface 2351a of the first concave portion 2351 may also be flush with the first outer surface 2352b; It is closer to the main body 211 than the first outer surface 2352b.
  • the end cap 231 may include a second body portion 2312 and a second protrusion portion 2313 .
  • the second body portion 2312 has a second inner surface 2312a and a second outer surface 2312b oppositely arranged in the thickness direction Z, and the second inner surface 2312a faces the first outer surface 2352b.
  • the second convex portion 2313 protrudes from the second outer surface 2312b in a direction away from the main body 211, and the position of the second body portion 2312 corresponding to the second convex portion 2313 is formed with a recess from the second inner surface 2312a in a direction away from the main body 211.
  • the setting of the second convex part 2313 of the end cover 231, on the one hand, can strengthen the position where the second concave part 2311 is arranged on the second body part 2312; on the other hand, it can allow the second concave part 2311 to deviate as far as possible
  • the direction of the main body 211 is concave.
  • the second inner surface 2312a faces the first outer surface 2352b. There may be a distance between the second inner surface 2312a and the first outer surface 2352b, or the second inner surface 2312a may be in contact with the first outer surface 2352b. If there is a distance between the second inner surface 2312a and the first outer surface 2352b, a part of the first convex portion 2353 is accommodated in the second concave portion 2311; if the second inner surface 2312a touches the first outer surface 2352b, the first convex All are accommodated in the second concave portion 2311 .
  • the electrode terminal 232 can be installed on the second body part 2312 or on the second protruding part 2313 .
  • the electrode terminal 232 is mounted on the second protrusion 2313 so as to facilitate the connection (for example, welding) of the electrode terminal 232 with the bus component 40 .
  • the bottom surface of the second concave portion 2311 is defined as the second bottom surface 2311a.
  • the second bottom surface 2311 a of the second concave portion 2311 is farther away from the main body 211 than the second outer surface 2312 b. This structure makes the second recess 2311 recess into the second protrusion 2313 in a direction away from the main body 211 , increasing the recess depth of the second recess 2311 .
  • the second bottom surface 2311a of the second concave portion 2311 may also be flush with the second outer surface 2312b; It is closer to the main body 211 than the second outer surface 2312b.
  • the support member 24 may include a support portion 241 and a partition portion 242 , the support portion 241 is used to abut against the main body 211 in the thickness direction Z of the end cap assembly 23 .
  • the partition part 242 is connected to one end of the support part 241 in the width direction Y of the end cover assembly 23 , and the tab 212 is bent around the partition part 242 .
  • the support portion 241 is against the main body 211 , and the support portion 241 acts as a restriction on the main body 211 to prevent the main body 211 from moving in a direction facing the end cover assembly 23 .
  • the partition part 242 is connected to one end of the support part 241 , and the tab 212 can be bent and arranged on the partition part 242 conveniently.
  • the partition part 242 restricts the tab 212 and prevents the tab 212 from being inserted into the main body 211 .
  • the support member 24 can be made of insulating material, such as rubber, plastic and so on.
  • a part of the support part 241 is accommodated in the first recess 2351
  • the partition part 242 is entirely accommodated in the first recess 2351 .
  • the supporting part 241 abuts against the main body 211 , the supporting part 241 may directly abut against the main body 211 , or the supporting part 241 may indirectly abut against the main body 211 .
  • one end of the support portion 241 directly abuts against the first end surface 2111 of the main body 211
  • the other end of the support portion 241 directly abuts against the first end surface 2111 of the main body 211 .
  • the first bottom surface 2351 a of the first concave portion 2351 is abuts against the first concave portion 2351 .
  • one end of the support portion 241 directly abuts against the first end surface 2111 of the main body 211, and the other end of the support portion 241 is not in contact with the first recess.
  • the first bottom surface 2351a of 2351 abuts, and there is a distance between the other end of the support portion 241 and the first bottom surface 2351a of the first concave portion 2351.
  • the partition 242 may abut against the first bottom surface 2351a of the first concave portion 2351,
  • the partition part 242 abuts against the first bottom surface 2351 a of the first concave part 2351 through the tab 212 and the current collecting member 233 , thereby preventing the main body 211 from moving toward the end cap assembly 23 .
  • the number of partitions 242 is not limited, and may be one or more, which mainly depends on the number of electrode assemblies.
  • the tab 212 includes a first bent portion 2121 and a second bent portion 2122 , the first bent portion 2121 is located on the side of the partition 242 facing the main body 211 , the second bent portion 2122 is connected to the first bent portion 2122 .
  • the bent portions 2121 are connected, the second bent portion 2122 is bent relative to the first bent portion 2121 , and the second bent portion 2122 is located on a side of the partition 242 away from the main body 211 .
  • the interconnected first bent portion 2121 and second bent portion 2122 are respectively located on the side of the partition 242 facing the main body 211 and on the side of the partition 242 facing away from the main body 211 , that is to say, the tab 212 is around the partition.
  • 242 is bent from one side of the partition 242 to the other side of the partition 242 during bending, the partition 242 plays a very good role in restricting the tab 212, prolonging the detour path of the tab 212, so that the tab 212 is not easily inserted into the main body 211 .
  • the second bent portion 2122 is used for electrical connection with the electrode terminal 232 .
  • the second bent portion 2122 and the current collecting member 233 can be stacked and welded together in the thickness direction Z of the end cover assembly 23 .
  • At least a part of the second bending part 2122 may be located in the first recess 2351, and the first bending part 2121 may be located outside the first recess 2351, or it may be the second
  • the second bent portion 2122 is completely located in the first concave portion 2351 , and the first bent portion 2121 is at least partially located in the first concave portion 2351 .
  • the second bent portion 2122 is completely located in the first concave portion 2351
  • a part of the first bent portion 2121 is located in the first concave portion 2351 .
  • FIG. 6 is a front isometric view of the support member 24 shown in FIG. shadow area.
  • the projected area of the support portion 241 is larger than 1/3 of the projected area of the support member 24 . That is to say, 1/3 of the supporting member 24 can support the main body 211 , and the contact area between the supporting member 24 and the main body 211 is larger, thereby improving the stability of the main body 211 in the casing 22 .
  • the electrode assembly 21 when the electrode assembly 21 (see FIG. 4 ) includes two tabs 212 (see FIG. 4 ) with opposite polarities, that is, the electrode assembly 21 includes a positive tab 212 a and a negative tab 212 b, both Each tab 212 can be arranged side by side along the length direction X of the end cap assembly 23 .
  • the partition part 242 includes a first part 2421 and a second part 2422 arranged side by side along the length direction X of the end cap assembly 23 , and the two tabs 212 are respectively bent around the first part 2421 and the second part 2422 .
  • the support member 24 may further include a connecting portion 243 located between the first portion 2421 and the second portion 2422 , and the connecting portion 243 is used to isolate the two tabs 212 .
  • the connection portion 243 can isolate the two tabs 212 of the electrode assembly 21 with opposite polarities, reducing the risk of short circuit caused by the contact of the two tabs 212 .
  • the connecting part 243 is connected to the first part 2421 , the second part 2422 and the supporting part 241 .
  • the connection part 243 , the partition part 242 and the support part 241 may adopt an integrally formed structure.
  • both the connecting part 243 and the supporting part 241 are linear elongated structures, the connecting part 243 extends along the width direction Y of the end cover assembly 23 , and the partition part 242 extends along the length direction X of the end cover assembly 23 .
  • the connecting portion 243 is used to abut against the main body 211 .
  • the connection portion 243 not only functions to isolate the two tabs 212 of the electrode assembly 21 , but also supports the main body 211 to improve the stability of the main body 211 in the casing 22 .
  • the battery cell 20 includes a plurality of electrode assemblies 21 stacked along the width direction Y of the end cap assembly 23 .
  • both ends of the support portion 241 are provided with partitions 242 , and the tabs 212 of a group of electrode assemblies 21 among the plurality of electrode assemblies 21 surround the partition at one end of the support portion 241 .
  • the part 242 is bent, and the tab 212 of the other set of electrode assemblies 21 is bent around the partition part 242 located at the other end of the support part 241 . That is to say, the support member 24 can restrict the tabs 212 of the plurality of electrode assemblies 21 , improving the safety of the battery 100 .
  • a set of electrode assemblies 21 may be one electrode assembly 21 or multiple electrode assemblies 21 .
  • the positive electrode tab 212a of one electrode assembly 21 is bent around the first part 2421 at one end of the support portion 241, and the negative electrode tab 212b of the one electrode assembly 21 is bent around The second part 2422 at one end of the support part 241 is bent, the positive electrode tab 212a of the other electrode assembly 21 is bent around the first part 2421 located at the other end of the support part 241, and the negative electrode tab 212b of the other electrode assembly 21 It is bent around the second portion 2422 located at the other end of the supporting portion 241 .
  • FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged view of A of the battery cell 20 shown in FIG. It is configured to be offset against the main body 211 .
  • the partition 242 has a second surface 2423 facing the main body 211. In the thickness direction Z of the end cap assembly 23, the second surface 2423 is configured to be farther away from the main body 211 than the first surface 2411 to form the receiving portion 244.
  • the first At least a part of the bent portion 2121 is accommodated in the receiving portion 244 so that the first surface 2411 abuts against the main body 211 , and the space occupied by the first bent portion 2121 can be reduced, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the positions corresponding to the first part 2421 and the second part 2422 can form a receiving part 244, and the receiving part 244 corresponding to the first part 2421 can be composed of the first part 2421, the supporting part 241
  • the accommodating portion 244 corresponding to the second portion 2422 may be an accommodating groove enclosed and formed by the second portion 2422 , the supporting portion 241 and the connecting portion 243 together.
  • the accommodating portion 244 extends to the edge of the partition 242 along the width direction Y of the end cap assembly 23 , so that the first bent portion 2121 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 244 when the tab 212 is bent around the partition 242 .
  • the second surface 2423 is in contact with the first bent portion 2121 to eliminate the gap between the first bent portion 2121 and the second surface 2423 , so that the structures of the tab 212 and the partition 242 are more compact.
  • the size of the support portion 241 is larger than the size of the partition portion 242 . That is to say, the thickness of the supporting part 241 is thicker than that of the partition part 242, and the thicker supporting part 241 can make the supporting part 241 not easily deformed, and further ensure that the supporting part 241 is positioned between the main body 211 and the end cover assembly 23.
  • the distance between the tabs 212 has a better supporting capacity, and the thinner partition portion 242 makes the detour path of the tab 212 shorter, which is convenient for the tab 212 to be bent and arranged on the partition portion 242 .
  • FIG. 8 is a reverse axonometric view of the support member 24 shown in FIG. , the reinforcement part 245 is used to enhance the strength of the support member 24 , so that the support part 241 is not easily deformed when the main body 211 abuts, thereby improving the support capability of the support member 24 between the main body 211 and the end cover assembly 23 .
  • a groove is formed on a side of the support member 24 facing the end cover assembly 23 , the groove is recessed into the support portion 241 , and the reinforcing portion 245 is located in the groove to strengthen the support portion 241 .
  • the reinforcement part 245 may be formed by a plurality of plate-like elements criss-crossing.
  • the support member 24 is provided with a plurality of through holes 246 passing through the support member 24, and the through holes 246 are used for the electrolyte in the housing 22 to flow into the main body 211, that is to say, the inside of the housing 22
  • the electrolyte solution in the housing 22 can enter the interior of the main body 211 through the through hole 246 , which is beneficial for the electrolyte solution in the casing 22 to enter the interior of the main body 211 .
  • the supporting member 24 is provided with a plurality of through holes 246 , which is equivalent to removing part of the material of the supporting member 24 , which is beneficial to reduce the weight of the supporting member 24 .
  • the through hole 246 penetrates the support member 24 along the thickness direction Z of the support member 24 .
  • the thickness direction Z of the support member 24 is consistent with the thickness direction Z of the end cap assembly 23 .
  • the thickness direction Z of the end cover assembly 23 is the thickness direction Z of the end cover 231
  • the length direction X of the end cover assembly 23 is the length direction X of the end cover 231
  • the end cover The width direction Y of the component 23 is the width direction Y of the end cover 231 .
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The method includes:
  • S100 provide an electrode assembly 21, the electrode assembly 21 includes a main body 211 and a tab 212;
  • the support piece 24 is located between the end cover assembly 23 and the main body 211 , and the support piece 24 is configured to prevent the main body 211 from moving along the direction facing the end cover assembly 23 .
  • step S400 may be executed first, then step S300, then step S200, and then step S100.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery cell 20 manufacturing equipment 2000, please refer to FIG. 10, FIG. It includes a first providing device 1100 , a second providing device 1200 , a third providing device 1300 , a fourth providing device 1400 and an assembling device 1500 .
  • the first providing device 1100 is used for providing the electrode assembly 21 , and the electrode assembly 21 includes a main body 211 and a tab 212 .
  • the second providing device 1200 is used for providing the casing 22, and the casing 22 has an opening.
  • the third providing device 1300 is used for providing the end cap assembly 23 .
  • the fourth providing device 1400 is used for providing the support member 24 .
  • the assembly device 1500 is used to bend the tab 212 around the support member 24 and to cover the end cover assembly 23 on the opening.
  • the support piece 24 is located between the end cover assembly 23 and the main body 211 , and the support piece 24 is configured to prevent the main body 211 from moving along the direction facing the end cover assembly 23 .

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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备，属于电池技术领域。其中，电池单体包括电极组件、壳体、端盖组件以及支撑件。电极组件包括主体和极耳。壳体具有开口，壳体用于容纳电极组件。端盖组件用于盖合于开口。支撑件位于主体和端盖组件之间，极耳绕着支撑件弯折，支撑件被配置为阻止主体沿面向端盖组件的方向移动，有效降低了因主体在壳体内上下窜动使极耳插入主体内，而造成正负极短路的风险，提高了电池单体的安全性。

Description

电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备。
背景技术
电池广泛用于电子设备，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等等。
在电池技术的发展中，除了提高电池的性能外，安全问题也是一个不可忽视的问题。因此，如何提高电池的安全性，是电池技术中一个亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备，能够有效提高电池的安全性。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，包括：电极组件，包括主体和极耳；壳体，具有开口，所述壳体用于容纳所述电极组件；端盖组件，用于盖合于所述开口；以及支撑件，位于所述主体和所述端盖组件之间，所述极耳绕着所述支撑件弯折，所述支撑件被配置为阻止所述主体沿面向所述端盖组件的方向移动。
上述技术方案中，支撑件位于主体和端盖组件之间，极耳绕着支撑件弯折，支撑件对电极组件的主体和极耳起到限制作用，以阻止主体沿面向端盖组件的方向移动，有效降低了因主体在壳体内上下窜动使极耳插入主体内，而造成正负极短路的风险，提高了电池单体的安全性。
在一些实施例中，所述支撑件包括：支撑部，用于沿所述端盖组件的厚度方向上抵靠于所述主体；所述极耳绕着所述分隔部弯折，在所述端盖组件的宽度方向上，所述分隔部连接于所述支撑部的一端。
上述技术方案中，支撑部抵靠于主体，支撑部对主体起到限制作用，以阻止主体沿面向端盖组件的方向移动。分隔部连接于支撑部的一端，可方便地将极耳弯折布置于分隔部，分隔部对极耳起到限制作用，阻止极耳插入主体内。
在一些实施例中，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述支撑部的投影面积大于所述分隔部的投影面积。
上述技术方案中，支撑部在端盖组件的厚度方向的投影面积大于分隔部在端盖组件的厚度方向上的投影面积，使得支撑部在端盖组件与主体之间具有较大的支撑范围，保证支撑部在主体与端盖组件之间具有较好的支撑能力，从而防止支撑部损伤主体。
在一些实施例中，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述支撑部的尺寸大于所述分隔部的尺寸。
上述技术方案中，支撑部在端盖组件的厚度方向上的尺寸大于分隔部在端盖组件的厚度方向上的尺寸，也就是说，支撑部的厚度相较于分隔部的厚度更厚，支撑部较厚可使支撑部不容易变形，进一步地可保证支撑部在主体与端盖组件之间具有较好 的支撑能力，分隔部较薄使得极耳的绕行路径较短，便于极耳弯折布置于分隔部。
在一些实施例中，所述支撑件面向端盖组件的一侧具有加强部，所述加强部用于增强所述支撑件的强度。
上述技术方案中，支撑件面向端盖组件的一侧具有加强部，以增强支撑件的强度，使得支撑部在主体的抵靠时不容易变形，从而提高支撑件在主体与端盖组件之间的支撑能力。
在一些实施例中，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述支撑部的投影面积大于所述支撑件的投影面积的1/3。
上述技术方案中，支撑部在端盖组件的厚度方向的投影面积大于支撑件在端盖组件的厚度方向上的投影面积的1/3，也就是说，支撑件中有1/3的部分可对主体起到支撑作用，支撑件与主体的抵触面积较大，从而提高主体在壳体内的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，所述电极组件包括极性相反的两个极耳，两个所述极耳沿所述端盖组件的长度方向并排设置；所述分隔部包括沿所述端盖组件的长度方向并排设置的第一部分和第二部分，所述两个极耳分别绕着所述第一部分和所述第二部分弯折；所述支撑件还包括连接部，所述连接部位于所述第一部分和所述第二部分之间，所述连接部用于隔离所述两个极耳。
上述技术方案中，位于第一部分与第二部分之间的连接部可对电极组件的极性相反的两个极耳起到隔离作用，降低因两个极耳接触而造成短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述连接部用于抵靠于所述主体。
上述技术方案中，连接部在端盖组件的厚度方向抵靠于主体，连接部既起到隔离电极组件的两个极耳的作用，又起到支撑主体的作用，提高主体在壳体内的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，所述电池单体包括沿所述端盖组件的宽度方向层叠布置的多个所述电极组件；在所述端盖组件的宽度方向上，所述支撑部的两端均设有所述分隔部，多个所述电极组件中的一组电极组件的极耳绕着位于所述支撑部的一端的分隔部弯折，另一组电极组件的极耳绕着位于所述支撑部的另一端的分隔部弯折。
上述技术方案中，多个电极组件中的一组电极组件的极耳绕着位于支撑部的一端的分隔部弯折，另一组电极组件的极耳绕着位于支撑部的另一端的分隔部弯折，也就是说，支撑件可对多个电极组件的极耳起到限制作用，提高了电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，所述极耳包括；第一弯折部，所述第一弯折部位于所述分隔部面向所述主体的一侧；以及第二弯折部，与所述第一弯折部相连，并相对于所述第一弯折部弯折，所述第二弯折部位于所述分隔部背离所述主体的一侧。
上述技术方案中，相互连接的第一弯折部和第二弯折部分别位于分隔部面向主体的一侧和分隔部背离主体的一侧，也就是说，极耳在绕着分隔部弯折时从分隔部的一侧弯折至分隔部的另一侧，分隔部对极耳起到很好的限制作用，使得极耳不易插入至主体内。
在一些实施例中，所述支撑部具有面向所述主体的第一表面，所述第一表面被配置为与所述主体相抵；所述分隔部具有面向所述主体的第二表面，在所述端盖组件 的厚度方向上，所述第二表面被配置为较所述第一表面更远离于所述主体，以形成容纳部，所述第一弯折部的至少一部分容纳于所述容纳部内。
上述技术方案中，分隔部的第二表面较支撑部的第一表面更远离于主体，以形成容纳部，第一弯折部的至少一部分容纳于容纳部内，以便于第一表面与主体相抵，并且可减少第一弯折部占用的空间，从而提高电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，所述第二表面与所述第一弯折部贴合。
上述技术方案中，第二表面与第一弯折部贴合，消除第一弯折部与第二表面的间隙，使得极耳与分隔部两者结构更为紧凑。
在一些实施例中，所述容纳部沿所述端盖组件的宽度方向延伸至所述分隔部的边缘。
上述技术方案中，容纳部沿端盖组件的宽度方向延伸至分隔部的边缘，以便于第一弯折部在极耳绕着分隔部弯折时容纳于容纳部内。
在一些实施例中，所述端盖组件设有面向所述主体的第一凹部，所述第一凹部被配置为容纳所述支撑件的至少一部分。
上述技术方案中，支撑件的至少一部分容纳于第一凹部内，可减少支撑件占用壳体内部的空间，以为电极组件的主体腾让更多的空间，有利于提高电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，所述第一凹部被配置为容纳所述极耳的至少一部分。
上述技术方案中，极耳的至少一部分容纳于第一凹部内，可减少极耳占用壳体内部的空间，有利于提高电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，所述端盖组件包括：端盖，用于盖合于所述开口；以及绝缘件，所述绝缘件设置于所述端盖面向所述主体的一侧，所述绝缘件被配置为隔离所述端盖和所述电极组件，所述第一凹部设置于所述绝缘件，所述支撑件位于所述绝缘件和所述主体之间，所述支撑件相抵于所述绝缘件和所述主体。
上述技术方案中，绝缘件设置于端盖面向主体的一侧，绝缘件起到分隔端盖和电极组件的作用，降低端盖与电极组件接触，而造成电池单体短路的风险。支撑件位于绝缘件和主体之间，且相抵于绝缘件和主体，支撑件可阻止绝缘件与主体两者相互靠近，主体在壳体内不易出现上下窜动的情况。
在一些实施例中，所述绝缘件包括：第一本体部，所述第一本体部在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上具有相对布置的第一内表面和第一外表面；以及第一凸部，所述第一凸部从所述第一外表面沿背离所述主体的方向凸出，所述第一本体部与所述第一凸部相对应的位置形成有从所述第一内表面向背离所述主体的方向凹陷的所述第一凹部；所述端盖上设有面向所述主体的第二凹部，所述第二凹部用于容纳所述第一凸部的至少一部分。
上述技术方案中，绝缘件的第一凸部的设置，一方面可对第一本体部上设置第一凹部的位置起到加强作用；另一方面，可允许第一凹部尽可能地向背离主体的方向凹陷。此外，由于第一凸部的至少一部分容纳于端盖的第二凹部内，这种结构使得绝缘件与端盖两者结构较为紧凑，以为电极组件的主体腾让更多的空间，有利于提高电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述第一凹部的底面较所述第一外表面更远离所述主体。
上述技术方案中，第一凹部的底面较第一外表面更远离主体，使得第一凹部向背离主体的方向凹陷至第一凸部内，增大了第一凹部的凹陷深度。
在一些实施例中，所述端盖包括：第二本体部，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述第二本体部具有相对布置的第二内表面和第二外表面，所述第二内表面面向所述第一外表面；以及第二凸部，所述第二凸部从所述第二外表面沿背离所述主体的方向凸出，所述第二本体部与所述第二凸部相对应的位置形成有从所述第二内表面向背离所述主体的方向凹陷的所述第二凹部。
上述技术方案中，端盖的第二凸部的设置，一方面，可对第二本体部上设置第二凹部的位置起到加强作用；另一方面，可允许第二凹部尽可能地向背离主体的方向凹陷。
在一些实施例中，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述第二凹部的底面较所述第二外表面更远离所述主体。
上述技术方案中，第二凹部的底面较第二外表面更远离主体，使得第二凹部向背离主体的方向凹陷至第二凸部内，增大了第二凹部的凹陷深度。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池，包括：第一方面任意一个实施例提供的电池单体；以及箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，包括第二方面任意一个实施例提供的电池。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的制造方法，所述方法包括：提供电极组件，所述电极组件包括主体和极耳；提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口：提供端盖组件；提供支撑件；将所述极耳绕着所述支撑件弯折；将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内；将所述端盖组件盖合于所述开口；其中，所述支撑件位于所述端盖组件和所述主体之间，所述支撑件被配置为阻止所述主体沿面向所述端盖组件的方向移动。
第五方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电池单体的制造设备，包括：第一提供装置，用于提供电极组件，所述电极组件包括主体和极耳；第二提供装置，用于提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口：第三提供装置，用于提供端盖组件；第四提供装置，用于提供支撑件；组装装置，用于将所述极耳绕着所述支撑件弯折，以及将所述端盖组件盖合于所述开口；其中，所述支撑件位于所述端盖组件和所述主体之间，所述支撑件被配置为阻止所述主体沿面向所述端盖组件的方向移动。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；
图3为图2所示的电池模块的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸图；
图5为图4所示的电池单体的局部剖视图；
图6为图5所示的支撑件的正面轴测图；
图7为图5所示的电池单体的A处局部放大图；
图8为图5所示的支撑件的反面轴测图；
图9为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造方法的流程图；
图10为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造设备的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆主体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异 物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。
发明人发现，对于一般的电池单体而言，存在短路的风险，影响电池单体的安全性。发明人进一步研究发现，在电池单体中，为实现极耳的弯折装配，需要在端盖组件与电极组件的主体之间留有一定空间，造成电极组件的主体容易出现上下窜动的情况，使得极耳容易插入至主体内，导致正负极短路，进而影响电池单体的安全性。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种技术方案，通过在电极组件的主体于端盖组件之间设置支撑件，极耳绕着支撑件弯折，支撑件起到阻止主体沿面向端盖组件的方向移动，有效降低了因主体在壳体内上下窜动使极耳插入主体，而造成正负极短路的风险，提高了电池单体的安全性。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池单体、电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图，车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。
车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在一些实施例中，电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
在一些实施例中，请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的结构示意图，电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20(图2未示出)，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。
箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括下箱体11和上箱体12，下箱体11与上箱体12相互盖合，以限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间13。当然，下箱体11与上箱体12的连接处可通过密封件来实现密封，密封件可以是密封圈、密封胶等。
下箱体11和上箱体12可以是多种形状，比如，长方体、圆柱体等。下箱体11可以是一侧开口的空心结构，上箱体12也可以是一侧开口的空心结构，上箱体12的开口侧盖合于下箱体11的开口侧，则形成具有容纳空间13的箱体10。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是一个、也可以是多个。若电池单体20为多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。
在一些实施例中，请参照图3，图3为图2所示的电池模块30的结构示意图，可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块30，多个电池模块30再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。在另一些实施例中，多个电池单体20之间也可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内。
在一些实施例中，电池100还可以包括汇流部件40，多个电池单体20之间可通过汇流部件40实现电连接，以实现多个电池单体20的串联或并联或混联。
汇流部件40可以是金属导体，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。
在本申请实施例中，请参照图4，图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的爆炸图，电池单体20包括电极组件21、壳体22、端盖组件23以及支撑件24。电极组件21包括主体211和极耳212。壳体22具有开口，壳体22用于容纳电极组件21。端盖组件23用于盖合于开口。支撑件24位于主体211和端盖组件23之间，极耳212绕着支撑件24弯折，支撑件24被配置为阻止主体211沿面向端盖组件23的方向移动。
在上述结构的电池单体20中，由于支撑件24位于主体211和端盖组件23之间，极耳212绕着支撑件24弯折，支撑件24对电极组件21的主体211和极耳212起到限制作用，以阻止主体211沿面向端盖组件23的方向移动，有效降低了因主体211在壳体22内上下窜动使极耳212插入主体211内，而造成正负极短路的风险，提高了电池单体20的安全性。
另外，支撑件24位于主体211和端盖组件23之间，支撑件24可占用端盖组件23与主体211之间的空间，可降低在电池单体20倒置(电池单体20的端盖组件23朝下，端盖组件23位于壳体22的底部)时因电解液大量进入到支撑件24与端盖组件23之间的空间，而造成主体211内部电解液不足导致电池单体20的寿命缩短的风险。
其中，支撑件24支撑于主体211和端盖组件23之间，支撑件24既与主体211相抵，支撑件24又与端盖组件23相抵。当然，支撑件24与主体211可以直接相抵，也可以间接相抵；支撑件24与端盖组件23可以直接相抵，也可以间接相抵。
电极组件21的数量为一个或者多个。
在一些实施例中，电极组件21可以包括至少一个电芯，也就是说，在电极组件21中，电芯可以是一个，也可以是多个。在电极组件21中的电芯为多个的情况下，多个电芯可以层叠布置。
电芯可以包括电芯本体2110和子极耳，若电极组件21中的电芯为一个，电芯本体2110即为电极组件21的主体211，子极耳即为电极组件21的极耳212；若电极组件21中的电芯为多个，多个电芯的电芯本体2110共同形成电极组件21的主体211，多个电芯的子极耳共同形成电极组件21的极耳212。电芯的子极耳分为正子极耳和负子极耳，电极组件21的极耳212分为正极极耳212a和负极极耳212b，若电极组 件21中的电芯为一个，电芯的正子极耳即为电极组件21的正极极耳212a，电芯的负子极耳即为电极组件21的负极极耳212b；若电极组件21中的电芯为多个，多个电芯的正子极耳共同形成电极组件21的正极极耳212a，多个电芯的负子极耳共同形成电极组件21的负极极耳212b。示例性的，在图4中，壳体22内部有两个电极组件21，每个电极组件21包括两个电芯，两个电芯的电芯本体2110共同形成电极组件21的主体211，两个电芯的正子极耳共同形成电极组件21的正极极耳212a，两个电芯的负子极耳共同形成电极组件21的负极极耳212b。
电芯可以包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜。电芯可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构，电芯也可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过层叠布置形成的层叠式结构。
正极极片可以包括正极集流体和涂覆于正极集流体相对的两侧的正极活性物质层。负极极片可以包括负极集流体和涂覆于负极集流体相对的两侧的负极活性物质层。电芯的电芯本体2110可以是正极极片和负极极片涂覆有活性物质层的区域对应的部分，电芯的正子极耳可以是正极极片上未涂覆正极活性物质层的部分，电芯的负子极耳可以是负极极片上未涂覆负极活性物质层的部分。
在电极组件21中，正极极耳212a和负极极耳212b可以位于主体211的同一侧，也可以分别位于主体211相对的两侧。在图4中，示例性的，正极极耳212a和负极极耳212b位于主体211的同一侧。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，极耳212绕着支撑件24弯折，可以是正极极耳212a绕着支撑件24弯折，也可以是负极极耳212b绕着支撑件24弯折，也可以是正极极耳212a和负极极耳212b均绕着支撑件24弯折。
需要说明的是，极耳212绕着支撑件24弯折，极耳212可以与支撑件24的端部接触，也可以不接触。
在本申请实施例中，壳体22可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体22的形状可根据电极组件21的具体形状来确定。比如，若电极组件21为圆柱体结构，壳体22则可选用为圆柱体结构；若电极组件21为长方体结构，壳体22则可选用长方体结构。示例性的，在图4中，壳体22为一端形成开口的长方体空心结构。
壳体22的材质也可以是多种，比如，塑料、铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
壳体22内的电极组件21可以是一个或多个。在壳体22内的电极组件21为多个的情况下，多个电池单体20可以层叠布置在壳体22内。如图4所示，以壳体22内的电极组件21为两个为例，两个电极组件21的主体211层叠布置于壳体22内。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图4，端盖组件23包括端盖231，端盖231用于盖合于壳体22的开口，以形成用于容纳电极组件21和电解液的密闭空间。
端盖组件23还可以包括电极端子232。电极端子232安装于端盖231上，电极端子232用于与极耳212电连接。
端盖组件23中的电极端子232可以是一个或多个。比如，在电池单体20中，端盖组件23为两个，在这种情况下，端盖组件23中的电极端子232可以是一个，其中，一个端盖组件23中的电极端子232为正极电极端子232a，另一端盖组件23中的电极端子232为负极电极端子232b。再如，如图4所示，在电池单体20中，端盖组件23为一个，在这种情况下，端盖组件23中的电极端子232可以是多个，以端盖组件23中包括两个电极端子232为例，两个电极端子232可以分别是正极电极端子232a和负极电极端子232b，正极电极端子232a用于与正极极耳212a电连接，负极电极端子232b用于与负极极耳212b电连接，在端盖组件23的长度方向X上，正极电极端子 232a和负极电极端子232b可以间隔分布于端盖231。
需要说明的是，端盖组件23的电极端子232与电极组件21的极耳212可以通过多种方式实现电连接。比如，极耳212与电极端子232直接连接，以实现电极端子232与极耳212电连接；再如，极耳212与电极端子232通过中间件间接连接，以实现电极端子232与极耳212电连接。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图4，电极端子232与极耳212可以通过集流构件233间接连接，以实现电极端子232与极耳212电连接。
以端盖组件23包括两个电极端子232为例，两个电极端子232分别为正极电极端子232a和负极电极端子232b，正极电极端子232a与正极极耳212a可以通过一个集流构件233电连接，负极电极端子232b与电极组件21的负极极耳212b可以通过另一个集流构件233电连接。
集流构件233可以是金属导体，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。电极端子232和极耳212均可以通过多种方式与集流构件233连接在一起，比如，电极端子232和极耳212均焊接于集流构件233。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件23还可以包括泄压机构234，泄压机构234安装于端盖231上，泄压机构234用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放电池单体20内部的压力。
泄压机构234可以是诸如防爆阀、防爆片、气阀或泄压阀等部件。
在端盖组件23包括两个电极端子232的情况下，在端盖组件23的长度方向X上，泄压机构234可以布置于正极电极端子232a和负极电极端子232b之间。
在一些实施例中，请参照图5，图5为图4所示的电池单体20的局部剖视图，端盖组件23设有面向主体211的第一凹部2351，第一凹部2351被配置为容纳支撑件24的至少一部分。这种结构可减少支撑件24占用壳体22内部的空间，以为电极组件21的主体211腾让更多的空间，有利于提高电池单体20的能量密度。
第一凹部2351被配置为容纳支撑件24的至少一部分，可理解的，支撑件24可以是部分或全部容纳于第一凹部2351。示例性的，在图5中，支撑件24的一部分容纳于第一凹部2351内。
在一些实施例中，第一凹部2351被配置为容纳极耳212的至少一部分。可理解的，极耳212可以是部分或全部容纳于第一凹部2351。这种结构可减少极耳212占用壳体22内部的空间，有利于提高电池单体20的能量密度。
由于支撑件24的至少一部分和极耳212的至少一部分均容纳于第一凹部2351内，支撑件24和极耳212可占用第一凹部2351内的一部分空间，减少电解液在电池单体20倒置时进入到第一凹部2351内的量，降低因主体211内部电解液不足而导致电池单体20的寿命缩短的风险。
示例性的，在图5中，极耳212的一部分容纳于第一凹部2351内。
在一些实施例中，主体211具有第一端面2111，主体211的第一端面2111面向第一凹部2351的底面，支撑件24被配置为与主体211的第一端面2111和第一凹部2351的底面相抵。这里所指的相抵，可以是直接相抵，也可以是间接相抵。在图5中，示例性的示出了支撑件24与第一端面2111和第一凹部2351的底面直接相抵的情况。
为方便叙述，将第一凹部2351的底面定义为第一底面2351a。示例性的，第一端面2111与端盖组件23存在距离，支撑件24整体位于第一凹部2351的第一底面2351a与第一端面2111形成的间隙内。
其中，第一端面2111为主体211靠近端盖组件23的一端面，极耳212连接于 第一端面2111。主体211与第一端面2111相对的另一端用于与壳体22的底壁相抵。
在一些实施例中，在电极端子232与极耳212通过集流构件233连接，以实现电极端子232与极耳212电连接的情况下，集流构件233的至少一部分可以容纳于第一凹部2351内，以减少了集流构件233占用壳体22内部的空间，以为主体211腾让出更多的空间，有利于提高电池单体20的能量密度。
集流构件233的至少一部分容纳于第一凹部2351内，即可以是集流构件233的一部分容纳于第一凹部2351内，也可以是集流构件233全部容纳于第一凹部2351内。
在一些实施例中，第一凹部2351可以设置于端盖231，支撑件24可以直接与端盖231和电极组件21的主体211相抵，在这种情况下，端盖231可以采用绝缘材质。当然，端盖组件23的第一凹部2351也可以设置于端盖组件23中的其他部件。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图5，端盖组件23还可以包括绝缘件235，绝缘件235设置于端盖231面向主体211的一侧，绝缘件235被配置为分隔端盖231和电极组件21，第一凹部2351设置于绝缘件235，支撑件24位于绝缘件235和主体211之间，支撑件24相抵于绝缘件235和主体211，以阻止绝缘件235与主体211两者相互靠近。
绝缘件235起到分隔端盖231和电极组件21的作用，降低端盖231与电极组件21接触，而造成电池单体20短路的风险。
在本实施例中，绝缘件235为绝缘材质，绝缘件235可以是橡胶、塑料等材质。端盖231可以是金属材质，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件235可以包括第一本体部2352和第一凸部2353。第一本体部2352在其厚度方向Z上具有相对布置的第一内表面2352a和第一外表面2352b。第一凸部2353从第一外表面2352b沿背离主体211的方向凸出，第一本体部2352与第一凸部2353相对应的位置形成有从第一内表面2352a向背离主体211的方向凹陷的第一凹部2351。端盖231上设有面向主体211的第二凹部2311，第二凹部2311用于容纳第一凸部2353的至少一部分。
绝缘件235的第一凸部2353的设置，一方面可对第一本体部2352上设置第一凹部2351的位置起到加强作用；另一方面，可允许第一凹部2351尽可能地向背离主体211的方向凹陷。此外，由于第一凸部2353的至少一部分容纳于端盖231的第二凹部2311内，这种结构使得绝缘件235与端盖231两者结构较为紧凑，以为电极组件21的主体211腾让更多的空间，有利于提高电池单体20的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上，第一凹部2351的第一底面2351a可以较第一外表面2352b更远离主体211。这种结构使得第一凹部2351向背离主体211的方向凹陷至第一凸部2353内，增大了第一凹部2351的凹陷深度。
在其他实施例中，第一凹部2351的第一底面2351a也可以与第一外表面2352b平齐；也可以是，在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上，第一凹部2351的第一底面2351a较第一外表面2352b更靠近主体211。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图5，端盖231可以包括第二本体部2312和第二凸部2313。第二本体部2312具有在厚度方向Z上相对布置的第二内表面2312a和第二外表面2312b，第二内表面2312a面向第一外表面2352b。第二凸部2313从第二外表面2312b沿背离主体211的方向凸出，第二本体部2312与第二凸部2313相对应的位置形成有从第二内表面2312a向背离主体211的方向凹陷的第二凹部2311。
端盖231的第二凸部2313的设置，一方面，可对第二本体部2312上设置第二凹部2311的位置起到加强作用；另一方面，可允许第二凹部2311尽可能地向背离主 体211的方向凹陷。
第二内表面2312a面向第一外表面2352b，可以是第二内表面2312a与第一外表面2352b存在距离，也可以是第二内表面2312a与第一外表面2352b相抵。若第二内表面2312a与第一外表面2352b存在距离，则第一凸部2353的一部分容纳于第二凹部2311内；若第二内表面2312a与第一外表面2352b相抵，则第一凸出全部容纳于第二凹部2311内。
在本实施例中，电极端子232可以安装于第二本体部2312，也可以安装于第二凸部2313。在图5中，示例性的，电极端子232安装于第二凸部2313，以便于电极端子232与汇流部件40连接(如，焊接)。
为方便叙述，将第二凹部2311的底面定义为第二底面2311a。在一些实施例中，在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上，第二凹部2311的第二底面2311a较第二外表面2312b更远离主体211。这种结构使得第二凹部2311向背离主体211的方向凹陷至第二凸部2313内，增大了第二凹部2311的凹陷深度。
在其他实施例中，第二凹部2311的第二底面2311a也可以与第二外表面2312b平齐；也可以是，在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上，第二凹部2311的第二底面2311a较第二外表面2312b更靠近主体211。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图5，支撑件24可以包括支撑部241和分隔部242，支撑部241用于在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上抵靠于主体211。分隔部242连接于支撑部241在端盖组件23的宽度方向Y上的一端，极耳212绕着分隔部242弯折。
支撑部241抵靠于主体211，支撑部241对主体211起到限制作用，以阻止主体211沿面向端盖组件23的方向移动。分隔部242连接于支撑部241的一端，可方便地将极耳212弯折布置于分隔部242，分隔部242对极耳212起到限制作用，阻止极耳212插入主体211内。
支撑件24可以采用绝缘材质，比如，橡胶、塑料等。
示例性的，支撑部241的一部分容纳于第一凹部2351内，分隔部242全部容纳于第一凹部2351内。
支撑部241抵靠于主体211，可以是支撑部241直接与主体211相抵，也可以是支撑部241间接与主体211相抵。在一些实施例中，如图5所示，在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上，支撑部241的一端直接抵靠于主体211的第一端面2111，支撑部241的另一端直接抵靠于第一凹部2351的第一底面2351a。在另一些实施例中，也可以是，在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上，支撑部241的一端直接抵靠于主体211的第一端面2111，支撑部241的另一端不与第一凹部2351的第一底面2351a相抵，支撑部241的另一端与第一凹部2351的第一底面2351a存在距离，在这种情况下，可以是分隔部242与第一凹部2351的第一底面2351a相抵，比如，分隔部242通过极耳212和集流构件233相抵于第一凹部2351的第一底面2351a，从而阻止主体211向靠近端盖组件23的方向移动。
分隔部242的数量不作限制，可以是一个，也可以是多个，这主要取决于电极组件的数量。
在一些实施例中，极耳212包括第一弯折部2121和第二弯折部2122，第一弯折部2121位于分隔部242面向主体211的一侧，第二弯折部2122与第一弯折部2121相连，第二弯折部2122相对于第一弯折部2121弯折，第二弯折部2122位于分隔部242背离主体211的一侧。
相互连接的第一弯折部2121和第二弯折部2122分别位于分隔部242面向主体211的一侧和分隔部242背离主体211的一侧，也就是说，极耳212在绕着分隔部242 弯折时从分隔部242的一侧弯折至分隔部242的另一侧，分隔部242对极耳212起到很好的限制作用，延长了极耳212的绕行路径，使得极耳212不易插入至主体211内。
第二弯折部2122用于与电极端子232电连接。以极耳212通过集流构件233与电极端子232电连接为例，第二弯折部2122可以与集流构件233在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上层叠布置且焊接在一起。
在极耳212至少一部分容纳于第一凹部2351的情况下，可以是第二弯折部2122至少一部分位于第一凹部2351内，第一弯折部2121位于第一凹部2351外，也可以是第二弯折部2122完全位于第一凹部2351内，且第一弯折部2121至少部分位于第一凹部2351内。示例性的，在图5中，第二弯折部2122完全位于第一凹部2351内，第一弯折部2121的一部分位于第一凹部2351内。
在一些实施例中，请参照图6，图6为图5所示的支撑件24的正面轴测图，在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上，支撑部241的投影面积大于分隔部242的投影面积。使得支撑部241在端盖组件23与主体211之间具有较大的支撑范围，保证支撑部241在主体211与端盖组件23之间具有较好的支撑能力，从而防止支撑部241损伤主体211。
在一些实施例中，在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上，支撑部241的投影面积大于支撑件24的投影面积的1/3。也就是说，支撑件24中有1/3的部分可对主体211起到支撑作用，支撑件24与主体211的抵触面积较大，从而提高主体211在壳体22内的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，在电极组件21(参见图4)包括极性相反的两个极耳212(参见图4)的情况下，即电极组件21包括正极极耳212a和负极极耳212b，两个极耳212可以沿端盖组件23的长度方向X并排设置。分隔部242包括沿端盖组件23的长度方向X并排设置的第一部分2421和第二部分2422，两个极耳212分别绕着第一部分2421和第二部分2422弯折。支撑件24还可以包括连接部243，连接部243位于第一部分2421和第二部分2422之间，连接部243用于隔离两个极耳212。连接部243可对电极组件21的极性相反的两个极耳212起到隔离作用，降低因两个极耳212接触而造成短路的风险。
连接部243连接于第一部分2421、第二部分2422和支撑部241。连接部243、分隔部242和支撑部241三者可以采用一体成型结构。
示例性的，连接部243和支撑部241均为直线长条结构，连接部243沿端盖组件23的宽度方向Y延伸，分隔部242沿端盖组件23的长度方向X延伸。
可选地，在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上，连接部243用于抵靠于主体211。连接部243既起到隔离电极组件21的两个极耳212的作用，又起到支撑主体211的作用，提高主体211在壳体22内的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，电池单体20包括沿端盖组件23的宽度方向Y层叠布置的多个电极组件21。在端盖组件23的宽度方向Y上，支撑部241的两端均设有分隔部242，多个电极组件21中的一组电极组件21的极耳212绕着位于支撑部241的一端的分隔部242弯折，另一组电极组件21的极耳212绕着位于支撑部241的另一端的分隔部242弯折。也就是说，支撑件24可对多个电极组件21的极耳212起到限制作用，提高了电池100的安全性。
一组电极组件21可以是一个电极组件21，也可以是多个电极组件21。
以端盖组件23包括两个电极组件21为例，一个电极组件21的正极极耳212a绕着位于支撑部241的一端的第一部分2421弯折，该一个电极组件21的负极极耳 212b绕着位于支撑部241的一端的第二部分2422弯折，另一个电极组件21的正极极耳212a绕着位于支撑部241的另一端的第一部分2421弯折，另一个电极组件21的负极极耳212b绕着位于支撑部241的另一端的第二部分2422弯折。
在一些实施例中，请参照图6和图7，图7为图5所示的电池单体20的A处局部放大图，支撑部241具有面向主体211的第一表面2411，第一表面2411被配置为与主体211相抵。分隔部242具有面向主体211的第二表面2423，在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上，第二表面2423被配置为较第一表面2411更远离于主体211，以形成容纳部244，第一弯折部2121的至少一部分容纳于容纳部244内，以便于第一表面2411与主体211相抵，并且可减少第一弯折部2121占用的空间，从而提高电池单体的能量密度。
示例性的，在支撑件24上，与第一部分2421和第二部分2422相对应的位置均可形成容纳部244，与第一部分2421相对应的容纳部244可以是由第一部分2421、支撑部241和连接部243共同围合形成，与第二部分2422相对应的容纳部244可以是由第二部分2422、支撑部241和连接部243共同围合形成的容纳槽。
可选地，容纳部244沿端盖组件23的宽度方向Y延伸至分隔部242的边缘，以便于第一弯折部2121在极耳212绕着分隔部242弯折时容纳于容纳部244内。
可选地，第二表面2423与第一弯折部2121贴合，以消除第一弯折部2121与第二表面2423的间隙，使得极耳212与分隔部242两者结构更为紧凑。
在一些实施例中，在端盖组件23的厚度方向Z上，支撑部241的尺寸大于分隔部242的尺寸。也就是说，支撑部241的厚度相较于分隔部242的厚度更厚，支撑部241较厚可使支撑部241不容易变形，进一步地可保证支撑部241在主体211与端盖组件23之间具有较好的支撑能力，分隔部242较薄使得极耳212的绕行路径较短，便于极耳212弯折布置于分隔部242。
在一些实施例中，请参照图8，图8为图5所示的支撑件24的反面轴测图，支撑件24面向端盖组件23(图5中示出)的一侧具有加强部245，加强部245用于增强支撑件24的强度，使得支撑部241在主体211的抵靠时不容易变形，从而提高支撑件24在主体211与端盖组件23之间的支撑能力。
示例性的，支撑件24面向端盖组件23的一侧设有凹槽，凹槽向支撑部241内凹陷，加强部245位于凹槽内，以对支撑部241起到加强作用。加强部245可以是多个板状件纵横交错形成。
在一些实施例中，支撑件24上设贯通支撑件24的多个通孔246，通孔246用于供壳体22内的电解液向主体211的内部流动，也就是说，壳体22内的电解液可通过通孔246进入到主体211的内部，有利于壳体22内的电解液进入到主体211的内部。此外，支撑件24上设有贯通的多个通孔246，相当于去除了支撑件24的一部分材料，有利于降低支撑件24的重量。
示例性的，通孔246沿支撑件24的厚度方向Z贯通支撑件24。支撑件24的厚度方向Z与端盖组件23的厚度方向Z一致。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，端盖组件23的厚度方向Z即为端盖231的厚度方向Z，端盖组件23的长度方向X即为端盖231的长度方向X，端盖组件23的宽度方向Y即为端盖231的宽度方向Y。
本申请实施例还提供一种电池单体20的制造方法，请参照图9，图9为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的制造方法的流程图，该方法包括：
S100：提供电极组件21，电极组件21包括主体211和极耳212；
S200：提供壳体22，壳体22具有开口：
S300：提供端盖组件23；
S400：提供支撑件24；
S500：将极耳212绕着支撑件24弯折；
S600：将电极组件21容纳于壳体22内；
S700：将端盖组件23盖合于壳体22的开口；
其中，支撑件24位于端盖组件23和主体211之间，支撑件24被配置为阻止主体211沿面向端盖组件23的方向移动。
在上述方法中，并不限制步骤S100、S200、S300和S400先后顺序，比如，可以先执行步骤S400，再执行步骤S300，再执行步骤S200，再执行步骤S100。
需要说明的是，通过上述实施例提供的电池单体20的制造方法制造的电池单体20的相关结构，可参见前述各实施例提供的电池单体20。
此外，本申请实施例还提供一种电池单体20的制造设备2000，请参照图10，图10为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的制造设备2000的示意性框图，制造设备2000包括第一提供装置1100、第二提供装置1200、第三提供装置1300、第四提供装置1400和组装装置1500。
第一提供装置1100用于提供电极组件21，电极组件21包括主体211和极耳212。第二提供装置1200用于提供壳体22，壳体22具有开口。第三提供装置1300用于提供端盖组件23。第四提供装置1400用于提供支撑件24。组装装置1500用于将极耳212绕着支撑件24弯折，并用于将端盖组件23盖合于开口。
其中，支撑件24位于端盖组件23和主体211之间，支撑件24被配置为阻止主体211沿面向端盖组件23的方向移动。
需要说明的是，通过上述实施例提供的电池单体20的制造设备2000制造的电池单体20的相关结构，可参见前述各实施例提供的电池单体20。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种电池单体，包括：
    电极组件，包括主体和极耳；
    壳体，具有开口，所述壳体用于容纳所述电极组件；
    端盖组件，用于盖合于所述开口；以及
    支撑件，位于所述主体和所述端盖组件之间，所述极耳绕着所述支撑件弯折，所述支撑件被配置为阻止所述主体沿面向所述端盖组件的方向移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述支撑件包括：
    支撑部，用于沿所述端盖组件的厚度方向上抵靠于所述主体；
    分隔部，所述极耳绕着所述分隔部弯折，在所述端盖组件的宽度方向上，所述分隔部连接于所述支撑部的一端。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述支撑部的投影面积大于所述分隔部的投影面积。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池单体，其中，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述支撑部的尺寸大于所述分隔部的尺寸。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池单体，其中，所述支撑件面向端盖组件的一侧具有加强部，所述加强部用于增强所述支撑件的强度。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的电池单体，其中，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述支撑部的投影面积大于所述支撑件的投影面积的1/3。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电极组件包括极性相反的两个极耳，两个所述极耳沿所述端盖组件的长度方向并排设置；
    所述分隔部包括沿所述端盖组件的长度方向并排设置的第一部分和第二部分，所述两个极耳分别绕着所述第一部分和所述第二部分弯折；
    所述支撑件还包括连接部，所述连接部位于所述第一部分和所述第二部分之间，所述连接部用于隔离所述两个极耳。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池单体，其中，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述连接部用于抵靠于所述主体。
  9. 根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体包括沿所述端盖组件的宽度方向层叠布置的多个所述电极组件；
    在所述端盖组件的宽度方向上，所述支撑部的两端均设有所述分隔部，多个所述电极组件中的一组电极组件的极耳绕着位于所述支撑部的一端的分隔部弯折，另一组电极组件的极耳绕着位于所述支撑部的另一端的分隔部弯折。
  10. 根据权利要求2-9任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述极耳包括；
    第一弯折部，所述第一弯折部位于所述分隔部面向所述主体的一侧；以及
    第二弯折部，与所述第一弯折部相连，并相对于所述第一弯折部弯折，所述第二弯折部位于所述分隔部背离所述主体的一侧。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池单体，其中，所述支撑部具有面向所述主体的第一表面，所述第一表面被配置为与所述主体相抵；
    所述分隔部具有面向所述主体的第二表面，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述第二表面被配置为较所述第一表面更远离于所述主体，以形成容纳部，所述第一弯折部的至少一部分容纳于所述容纳部内。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二表面与所述第一弯折部贴 合。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的电池单体，其中，所述容纳部沿所述端盖组件的宽度方向延伸至所述分隔部的边缘。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述端盖组件设有面向所述主体的第一凹部，所述第一凹部被配置为容纳所述支撑件的至少一部分。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一凹部被配置为容纳所述极耳的至少一部分。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的电池单体，其中，所述端盖组件包括：
    端盖，用于盖合于所述开口；以及
    绝缘件，所述绝缘件设置于所述端盖面向所述主体的一侧，所述绝缘件被配置为隔离所述端盖和所述电极组件，所述第一凹部设置于所述绝缘件，所述支撑件位于所述绝缘件和所述主体之间，所述支撑件相抵于所述绝缘件和所述主体。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池单体，其中，所述绝缘件包括：
    第一本体部，所述第一本体部在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上具有相对布置的第一内表面和第一外表面；以及
    第一凸部，所述第一凸部从所述第一外表面沿背离所述主体的方向凸出，所述第一本体部与所述第一凸部相对应的位置形成有从所述第一内表面向背离所述主体的方向凹陷的所述第一凹部；
    所述端盖上设有面向所述主体的第二凹部，所述第二凹部用于容纳所述第一凸部的至少一部分。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电池单体，其中，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述第一凹部的底面较所述第一外表面更远离所述主体。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的电池单体，其中，所述端盖包括：
    第二本体部，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述第二本体部具有相对布置的第二内表面和第二外表面，所述第二内表面面向所述第一外表面；以及
    第二凸部，所述第二凸部从所述第二外表面沿背离所述主体的方向凸出，所述第二本体部与所述第二凸部相对应的位置形成有从所述第二内表面向背离所述主体的方向凹陷的所述第二凹部。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的电池单体，其中，在所述端盖组件的厚度方向上，所述第二凹部的底面较所述第二外表面更远离所述主体。
  21. 一种电池，包括：
    根据权利要求1-20任一项所述的电池单体；以及
    箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体。
  22. 一种用电设备，包括权利要求21所述的电池。
  23. 一种电池单体的制造方法，所述方法包括：
    提供电极组件，所述电极组件包括主体和极耳；
    提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口：
    提供端盖组件；
    提供支撑件；
    将所述极耳绕着所述支撑件弯折；
    将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内；
    将所述端盖组件盖合于所述开口；
    其中，所述支撑件位于所述端盖组件和所述主体之间，所述支撑件被配置为阻止所述主体沿面向所述端盖组件的方向移动。
  24. 一种电池单体的制造设备，包括：
    第一提供装置，用于提供电极组件，所述电极组件包括主体和极耳；
    第二提供装置，用于提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口：
    第三提供装置，用于提供端盖组件；
    第四提供装置，用于提供支撑件；
    组装装置，用于将所述极耳绕着所述支撑件弯折，以及将所述端盖组件盖合于所述开口；
    其中，所述支撑件位于所述端盖组件和所述主体之间，所述支撑件被配置为阻止所述主体沿面向所述端盖组件的方向移动。
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