WO2023133777A1 - 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023133777A1
WO2023133777A1 PCT/CN2022/071898 CN2022071898W WO2023133777A1 WO 2023133777 A1 WO2023133777 A1 WO 2023133777A1 CN 2022071898 W CN2022071898 W CN 2022071898W WO 2023133777 A1 WO2023133777 A1 WO 2023133777A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery cell
electrode assembly
end cap
body part
body portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/071898
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周文林
陈圣旺
吴宁生
白璐璐
李全坤
王鹏
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/071898 priority Critical patent/WO2023133777A1/zh
Priority to EP22917648.2A priority patent/EP4261974A1/en
Priority to CN202280006703.8A priority patent/CN117083742A/zh
Publication of WO2023133777A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023133777A1/zh
Priority to US18/494,188 priority patent/US20240055705A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0404—Machines for assembling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/049—Processes for forming or storing electrodes in the battery container
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/562—Terminals characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular, to a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a method and device for manufacturing the battery cell.
  • batteries are used more and more widely, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, electric aircraft, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes and electric tools.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a manufacturing method and device for the battery cell, which can effectively improve the safety of the battery cell.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell
  • the battery cell includes: a casing with an opening; an electrode assembly housed in the casing, the electrode assembly has tabs; an end cap for covering Compatible with the opening, the end cap includes a first body portion and a first protrusion, the first body portion surrounds the edge of the first protrusion, and the first body portion is used to communicate with the
  • the casing is connected, and along the thickness direction of the end cap, the first protrusion protrudes relative to the first body part in a direction away from the electrode assembly, and a first accommodation space is formed inside the first protrusion,
  • the first accommodating space is used for accommodating at least a part of the tab; wherein, a reinforcement part is provided on the first body part, and the reinforcement part is used to enhance the rigidity of the first body part.
  • the first body part of the end cover is provided with a reinforcing part, which improves the rigidity of the first body part, enhances the ability of the first body part to resist deformation, and reduces the occurrence of relatively large impacts caused by the first body part being impacted by external forces. Large deformation leads to the risk of positive and negative short circuit, which effectively improves the safety of battery cells.
  • the first body portion along the thickness direction of the end cap, has a second surface opposite to the first surface; the reinforcement portion is protruded from the first surface, and the first body portion A first recess is provided at a position corresponding to the reinforcing part, and the first recess is recessed from the second surface along a direction from the second surface to the first surface.
  • the first recess is provided at the corresponding position of the first body part and the reinforcement part, which can effectively improve the rigidity of the first body part.
  • the first concave portion and the reinforcing portion may be formed by stamping, that is, the reinforcing portion protruding from the first surface is formed while the first concave portion is stamped on the second surface.
  • the first recess partially protrudes beyond the first surface in a direction from the second surface to the first surface.
  • the first recess partially exceeds the first surface, so that the first recess is partially recessed into the reinforcing part, thereby increasing the recess depth of the first recess, and the first recess can provide more deformation space for the reinforcing part.
  • the first surface is an inner surface of the first body facing the electrode assembly
  • the second surface is an outer surface of the first body facing away from the electrode assembly.
  • the first surface is the inner surface of the first body part, that is, the reinforcement part is protruded from the inner surface of the first body part, the reinforcement part is located inside the battery cell, and the reinforcement part does not occupy the outside of the battery cell space and reduce the volume of the battery cell.
  • the second surface is an inner surface of the first body facing the electrode assembly, and the first surface is an outer surface of the first body facing away from the electrode assembly.
  • the first surface is the outer surface of the first body part, that is, the reinforcement part is protruded from the outer surface of the first body part, the reinforcement part is located outside the battery cell, and the reinforcement part does not occupy the outside of the battery cell Space, make more space for the electrode assembly, which is conducive to improving the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the second surface is the inner surface of the first body part, so that the first recess is recessed from the inner surface of the first body part along the direction from the inner surface of the first body part to the outer surface, the first recess can provide reinforcement for the reinforcement part. In the deformation space, even if the reinforced part is impacted and deformed inward, it is not easy to damage the electrode assembly, further reducing the risk of short circuit between positive and negative electrodes.
  • the first protrusion includes an end wall and a peripheral wall; along the thickness direction of the end cap, the end wall is farther away from the electrode assembly than the first body portion; the peripheral wall surrounds It is arranged on the edge of the end wall and connected to the first body part, and the peripheral wall and the end wall together define the first accommodating space.
  • the peripheral wall and the end wall jointly define the first accommodation space, and the end wall is farther away from the electrode assembly than the first body part.
  • This structure increases the first accommodation space, and can accommodate the pole lug of the electrode assembly. More parts are conducive to improving the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the thickness of the first body portion is greater than the thickness of the end wall; and/or, the thickness of the first body portion is greater than the thickness of the peripheral wall.
  • the thickness of the first body part is greater than that of the end wall, so that the first body part has stronger deformation resistance than the end wall, and is less prone to deformation.
  • the thickness of the first body part is greater than that of the peripheral wall, so that the first body part has stronger deformation resistance than the peripheral wall, and is less prone to deformation.
  • the battery cell further includes an electrode terminal for electrically connecting with the tab, and the electrode terminal is disposed on the end wall.
  • the electrode terminal of the battery cell is arranged on the end wall, and the electrode terminal does not occupy the space of the first body part, which is conducive to arranging the reinforcement part on the first body part and improving the rigidity of the first body part.
  • the first body portion includes two first edge portions and two second edge portions, and along the length direction of the end cover, the two first edge portions are respectively located on the first On both sides of the convex portion, along the width direction of the end cap, the two second edge portions are respectively located on both sides of the first convex portion, and the size of the first edge portion in the length direction is larger than The dimension of the second edge portion in the width direction; wherein, at least one of the first edge portions is provided with the reinforcing portion.
  • the dimension of the first edge portion in the length direction of the end cap is larger than the dimension of the second edge portion in the width direction of the end cap, and the first edge portion is easier to deform than the second edge portion. Therefore, a reinforcing portion is provided on at least one first edge portion to increase the rigidity of the first edge portion.
  • both of the first edge portions are provided with the reinforcing portion.
  • the two first edge portions are provided with reinforcing portions, which increases the rigidity of the two first edge portions, so that the parts of the end cap located on both sides of the first convex portion in the length direction are not easily deformed.
  • the reinforcing portion extends along the width direction.
  • the reinforcement part extends along the width direction of the end cover, which increases the span of the reinforcement part in the width direction of the end cover, thereby increasing the rigidity of the first edge part.
  • the battery cell further includes an insulator located on a side of the electrode assembly facing the end cap, so as to insulate the end cap from the electrode assembly.
  • a second concave portion is provided on a side of the insulating member facing the first body portion at a position corresponding to the reinforcement portion.
  • the second recess on the insulator can provide a deformation space for the reinforcement part to deform inside the battery cell, reducing the possibility of the insulator being squeezed due to the deformation of the reinforcement part, causing the insulator to damage the electrode assembly and causing a short circuit between the positive and negative poles. risk.
  • the insulator includes a second body portion and a second protrusion; the second body portion surrounds the edge of the second protrusion, and along the thickness direction of the end cap, the The second body portion is located on the side of the first body portion facing the electrode assembly, the second protrusion protrudes relative to the second body portion in a direction away from the electrode assembly, and the second protrusion is at least partially Accommodated in the first accommodating space, the inside of the second convex part forms a second accommodating space, and the second accommodating space is used to accommodate at least a part of the tab; wherein, the second concave part is arranged on the The second body part, along the thickness direction of the end cap, the second body part has a third surface facing the first body part, and the second concave part is close to the electrode from the third surface The direction of the component is recessed.
  • the second convex portion of the insulator is at least partially accommodated in the first accommodation space, reducing the overall size of the insulator and the end cap in the thickness direction of the end cap, making the structure of the insulator and the end cap more compact .
  • the inside of the second convex part forms a second accommodation space, at least a part of the tab is accommodated in the second accommodation space, reducing the space occupied by the tab inside the housing, providing more space for the main body of the electrode assembly, and facilitating lifting The energy density of a battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including: the battery cell provided in any one embodiment of the first aspect above; and a box for accommodating the battery cell.
  • an electrical device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes the battery provided in any one embodiment of the second aspect above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell.
  • the manufacturing method includes: providing a casing having an opening; providing an electrode assembly having tabs; providing an end cap ; accommodate the electrode assembly in the housing; cover the end cap on the opening; wherein, the end cap includes a first body portion and a first protrusion, and the first body portion surrounds On the edge of the first protruding part, the first body part is used to connect with the housing, along the thickness direction of the end cover, the first protruding part is away from the first body part along the The direction of the electrode assembly protrudes, and a first accommodation space is formed inside the first protrusion, and the first accommodation space is used to accommodate at least a part of the tab, and a reinforcing part is provided on the first body part, The reinforcement part is used to enhance the rigidity of the first body part.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell manufacturing equipment, the manufacturing equipment includes: a first providing device for providing a casing, the casing has an opening; a second providing device for providing An electrode assembly, the electrode assembly has tabs; a third providing device for providing an end cover; an assembly device for accommodating the electrode assembly in the casing; and for closing the end cover on The opening; wherein, the end cap includes a first body portion and a first convex portion, the first body portion surrounds the edge of the first convex portion, and the first body portion is used to communicate with the The casing is connected, and along the thickness direction of the end cap, the first protrusion protrudes relative to the first body part in a direction away from the electrode assembly, and a first accommodation space is formed inside the first protrusion, The first accommodating space is used for accommodating at least a part of the tab, and a reinforcing part is provided on the first body part, and the reinforcing part is used to enhance the rigidity of the first body part.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the end cap shown in Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of end caps provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the end cap shown in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 is an assembly diagram of end caps and electrode terminals provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is an assembly diagram of end caps and electrode terminals provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is an exploded view of end caps and insulators provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is an exploded view of end caps and insulators provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic block diagram of a manufacturing device for a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icons 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery unit; 21-shell; 22-electrode assembly; 221-tab; 23-end cover; 231-first body 2311-first surface; 2312-second surface; 2313-first edge; 2314-second edge; 232-first protrusion; 234-reinforcing part; 235-first concave part; 2351-first bottom surface; 24-electrode terminal; 25-pressure relief mechanism; 26-insulator; 261-second concave part; 262-second body part; Surface; 263-second protrusion; 100-battery; 200-controller; 300-motor; 1000-vehicle; 2000-manufacturing equipment; 2100-first providing device; 2200-second providing device; device; 2400-assembly device; X-length direction; Y-width direction; Z-thickness direction.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length and width of the integrated device, are for illustrative purposes only, and should not constitute any limitation to the application .
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell generally includes a casing, an electrode assembly and an end cover.
  • the electrode assembly is accommodated in the casing, and the end cover covers the opening of the casing. and the sealed space of the electrode solution.
  • the end cap has a partially raised structure.
  • the end cover includes a body part and a convex part, the body part is connected to the housing so that the entire end cover covers the opening of the housing, the convex part protrudes relative to the body part in a direction away from the electrode assembly, and the body part surrounds the protrusion
  • There is an accommodation space inside the convex part to accommodate at least a part of the tab of the electrode assembly, so as to reduce the space occupied by the tab inside the battery cell and increase the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell.
  • a reinforcing part is provided on the main body of the end cap, and the rigidity of the main body is enhanced through the reinforcing part, so as to enhance the ability of the main body to resist deformation and reduce the impact caused by the external force on the main body.
  • large deformation occurs, leading to the risk of short circuit between positive and negative electrodes, which effectively improves the safety of the battery cell.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not impose special limitations on the above electric equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is a component for accommodating the battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 provides an accommodation space for the battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 may adopt various structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12 , and the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other to define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cells 20 .
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as cuboid, cylinder and so on.
  • the first part 11 can be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second part 12 can also be a hollow structure with one side open.
  • the open side of the second part 12 is covered with the open side of the first part 11 to form a box with accommodating space.
  • first part 11 is a hollow structure with one side open
  • second part 12 is a plate-like structure
  • the second part 12 covers the open side of the first part 11 to form a box body 10 with an accommodation space.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be sealed by a sealing element, and the sealing element can be a sealing ring, a sealant, or the like.
  • the battery 100 there may be one or a plurality of battery cells 20 . If there are multiple battery cells 20 , the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a whole and accommodated in the box 10 . It is also possible that all the battery cells 20 are directly connected in series, parallel or mixed together, and then all the battery cells 20 are housed in the case 10 as a whole.
  • the battery 100 may further include a confluence component, through which the plurality of battery cells 20 may be electrically connected, so as to realize series connection, parallel connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the bus component may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 (not shown in FIG. 3 ) and an end cap 23 .
  • the casing 21 is a part for accommodating the electrode assembly 22.
  • the casing 21 may be a hollow structure with an opening at one end, and the casing 21 may be a hollow structure with openings at opposite ends.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid and so on.
  • the housing 21 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is a part where electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 has a tab 221 (not shown in FIG. 3 ).
  • the tab 221 is divided into a positive tab and a negative tab.
  • the positive tab and the negative tab can be formed on the same side of the electrode assembly 22, or can be formed separately on the opposite sides of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the end cap 23 is a component that covers the opening of the casing 21 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the end cap 23 and the casing 21 jointly define a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 22 , electrolyte and other components.
  • the shape of the end cap 23 can match the shape of the housing 21.
  • the housing 21 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure
  • the end cap 23 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure matching the housing 21.
  • the housing 21 is a cylindrical structure.
  • the end cover 23 is a circular plate-shaped structure matching the housing 21 .
  • the material of the end cap 23 can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy and the like.
  • the housing 21 is a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end, one end cover 23 is provided correspondingly. If the housing 21 is a hollow structure with openings formed at both ends, two end caps 23 are provided correspondingly, and the two end caps 23 respectively cover the two openings of the housing 21 .
  • An electrode terminal 24 may be provided on the end cover 23 , and the electrode terminal 24 is used to electrically connect with the tab 221 to output the electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the electrode terminal 24 may include a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal, the positive electrode terminal is used for electrical connection with the positive electrode tab, and the negative electrode terminal is used for electrical connection with the negative electrode tab.
  • the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal can be arranged on the same end cap 23 or on different end caps 23 .
  • the casing 21 is a hollow structure with openings formed at both ends. There are two end caps 23 in the battery cell 20, and the two end caps 23 cover the two openings of the casing 21 correspondingly.
  • the negative electrode terminal is arranged on one The end cap 23
  • the positive electrode terminal is disposed on the other end cap 23 .
  • the casing 21 is a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end
  • the battery cell 20 has one end cap 23
  • the negative electrode terminal and the positive electrode terminal can be arranged on the same end cap 23 .
  • the positive electrode terminal and the positive tab can be connected directly or indirectly, and the negative electrode terminal and the negative tab can be directly connected or indirectly connected.
  • the positive electrode terminal is indirectly connected to the positive tab through a current collecting member
  • the negative electrode terminal is indirectly connected to the negative tab through another current collecting member.
  • a pressure relief mechanism 25 may also be provided on the end cover 23, and the pressure relief mechanism 25 is used to release the pressure inside the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 25 may be an explosion-proof valve, a burst-proof disk, a safety valve and other components.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell 20 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 20 .
  • the battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 and an end cap 23 .
  • the case 21 has an opening.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is accommodated in the casing 21 , and the electrode assembly 22 has a tab 221 .
  • the end cap 23 is used to cover the opening.
  • the end cap 23 includes a first body part 231 and a first convex part 232.
  • the first body part 231 is surrounded by the edge of the first convex part 232.
  • the first body part 231 is used to communicate with the first body part 231.
  • the casing 21 is connected, and along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23, the first convex portion 232 protrudes relative to the first body portion 231 in a direction away from the electrode assembly 22, and a first accommodation space 233 is formed inside the first convex portion 232.
  • the accommodating space 233 is used for accommodating at least a part of the tab 221 .
  • the first body part 231 is provided with a reinforcement part 234, and the reinforcement part 234 is used to enhance the rigidity of the first body part 231.
  • the first body part 231 is the part where the end cover 23 surrounds the first convex part 232 and is connected with the housing 21.
  • the first body part 231 can be welded with the housing 21, and the welding track can be along the opening of the housing 21. Circumferential extension.
  • the first body portion 231 can be in various structures, such as a rectangular structure, a circular structure, and the like.
  • the first protrusion 232 can also be of various structures, for example, a rectangular structure, a circular structure, and the like. If the first body portion 231 has a rectangular structure, the first convex portion 232 can be configured as a rectangular structure, and the end cap 23 with this structure can be applied to a prismatic battery cell. If the second body portion 262 has a circular structure, the first protruding portion 232 can be configured as a circular structure, and the end cap 23 of this structure can be applied to a cylindrical battery cell. In the embodiment where the electrode terminal 24 is provided on the end cover 23 , the electrode terminal 24 can be provided on the first body part 231 or on the first protruding part 232 .
  • a first accommodation space 233 is formed inside the first convex portion 232, and the first accommodation space 233 forms a first opening on the side of the first body portion 231 facing the electrode assembly 22, and the tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22 can enter through the first opening. into the first accommodation space 233 .
  • the tab 221 may be a positive tab of the electrode assembly 22 or a negative tab.
  • the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab are formed at the same end of the electrode assembly 22
  • at least a part of the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab may be accommodated in the first accommodation space 233 .
  • the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab are respectively formed at opposite ends of the electrode assembly 22
  • at least a part of the positive pole tab may be accommodated in the first accommodation space 233, or at least a part of the negative pole tab may be accommodated in the Inside the first accommodation space 233 .
  • the reinforcement part 234 is a structure arranged on the first body part 231 to enhance the strength of the first body part 231.
  • the reinforcement part 234 can be of various structures.
  • the reinforcement part 234 is a protrusion protruding from the first body part 231.
  • the reinforcement part 234 is a cavity disposed inside the first body part 231 .
  • the reinforcement part 234 can also be in various shapes, such as rectangle, circle, ring and so on.
  • the first body part 231 of the end cover 23 is provided with a reinforcement part 234, which improves the rigidity of the first body part 231, enhances the ability of the first body part 231 to resist deformation, and reduces the The portion 231 is greatly deformed by the impact of an external force, resulting in the risk of a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes, which effectively improves the safety of the battery cell 20 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the end cap 23 provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the end cap 23 shown in FIG. 5
  • FIG. Other embodiments provide schematic structural views of the end cap 23
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the end cap 23 shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the first body portion 231 has a second surface 2312 opposite to the first surface 2311 .
  • the reinforcement part 234 is protruded on the first surface 2311, and the first body part 231 is provided with a first concave part 235 at a position corresponding to the reinforcement part 234.
  • the first concave part 235 points from the second surface 2312 along the second surface 2312 to the first surface 2311.
  • the direction of the depression is a schematic structural view of the end cap 23 provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the end cap 23 shown in FIG. 5
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of
  • first surface 2311 is the outer surface of the first body portion 231, and the second surface 2312 is the inner surface of the first body portion 231; it can also be that the first surface 2311 is the inner surface of the first body portion 231, and the second surface 2312 is the outer surface of the first body part 231 . If the first surface 2311 is the outer surface of the first body portion 231, the second surface 2312 is the inner surface of the first body portion 231, and the second surface 2312 points to the direction of the first surface 2311, that is, the first body portion 231 faces away from the electrode. The direction of the assembly 22 (shown in FIG.
  • the second surface 2312 is the outer surface of the first body portion 231
  • the first surface 2311 is the inner surface of the first body portion 231
  • the second surface 2312 points to the first surface 2311
  • the direction is the direction in which the first body portion 231 faces the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the shape of the first concave portion 235 may match the shape of the first convex portion 232 .
  • the first concave portion 235 is provided at the corresponding position of the first body portion 231 and the reinforcement portion 234 , which can effectively improve the rigidity of the first body portion 231 .
  • the first concave portion 235 and the reinforcing portion 234 can be formed by stamping, that is, while the first concave portion 235 is stamped on the second surface 2312, the reinforcing portion 234 protruding from the first surface 2311 is formed. Simple.
  • the first recess 235 partially exceeds the first surface 2311 .
  • the first recess 235 has a first bottom surface 2351 , and the first bottom surface 2351 is the surface at the deepest position of the first recess 235 .
  • a portion of the first recess 235 extends beyond the first surface 2311 along the direction that the second surface 2312 points to the first surface 2311 , that is, the first bottom surface 2351 is farther away from the second surface 2312 than the first surface 2311 .
  • the first bottom surface 2351 is a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23 .
  • the first recess 235 partially exceeds the first surface 2311, so that the first recess 235 is partially recessed into the reinforcing portion 234, thereby increasing the recessed depth of the first recess 235, and the first recess 235 can provide reinforcement for the reinforcing portion 234. More room for deformation.
  • the first surface 2311 is the inner surface of the first body portion 231 facing the electrode assembly 22 (shown in FIG. 4 ), and the second surface 2312 is the inner surface of the first body portion 231 facing away from the electrode assembly 22. of the outer surface.
  • the inner surface and the outer surface of the first body portion 231 are oppositely arranged in the thickness direction Z of the end cap 23 , and both the inner surface and the outer surface of the first body portion 231 may be planes.
  • the thickness of the first body portion 231 is the distance between the inner surface and the outer surface of the first body portion 231 .
  • the first surface 2311 is the inner surface of the first body part 231, that is, the reinforcement part 234 is protruded from the inner surface of the first body part 231, the reinforcement part 234 is located inside the battery cell 20, and the reinforcement part 234 The external space of the battery cell 20 is not occupied, and the volume of the battery cell 20 is reduced.
  • the second surface 2312 is the inner surface of the first body portion 231 facing the electrode assembly 22 (shown in FIG. 4 ), and the first surface 2311 is the first body portion 231 facing away from the electrode assembly 22. of the outer surface.
  • the first surface 2311 is the outer surface of the first body part 231, that is, the reinforcement part 234 is protruded from the outer surface of the first body part 231, the reinforcement part 234 is located outside the battery cell 20, and the reinforcement part 234
  • the external space of the battery cell 20 is not occupied, and more space is made available for the electrode assembly 22 , which is beneficial to increase the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first concave portion 235 is recessed from the inner surface of the first body portion 231 along the direction from the inner surface of the first body portion 231 to the outer surface, and the first concave portion 235 can provide a deformation space for the reinforcing part 234, even if the reinforcing part 234 is impacted and deformed inwardly, it is not easy to damage the electrode assembly 22, further reducing the risk of positive and negative short circuit.
  • the first protrusion 232 includes an end wall 2321 and a peripheral wall 2322 .
  • the end wall 2321 is further away from the electrode assembly 22 (shown in FIG. 4 ) than the first body portion 231 .
  • the peripheral wall 2322 surrounds the edge of the end wall 2321 , the peripheral wall 2322 is connected to the first body portion 231 , and the peripheral wall 2322 and the end wall 2321 jointly define the first accommodating space 233 .
  • the end wall 2321 and the peripheral wall 2322 jointly form the first protrusion 232 , and the first body portion 231 , the peripheral wall 2322 and the end wall 2321 may be integrally formed.
  • the shapes of the end wall 2321 and the peripheral wall 2322 can be various, for example, a circular structure, a rectangular structure, and the like. If the end wall 2321 and the peripheral wall 2322 are both circular structures, then the first convex portion 232 and the first accommodation space 233 are both circular structures; if the end wall 2321 and the peripheral wall 2322 are both rectangular structures, then the first convex portion 232 and the The first receiving spaces 233 are all rectangular structures.
  • the thicknesses of the first body portion 231 , the peripheral wall 2322 and the end wall 2321 may be equal or different.
  • the peripheral wall 2322 and the end wall 2321 jointly define the first accommodation space 233, and the end wall 2321 is farther away from the electrode assembly 22 than the first body portion 231, this structure increases the first accommodation space 233, More parts of the tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22 can be accommodated, which is beneficial to increase the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the thickness of the first body portion 231 is greater than the thickness of the end wall 2321 ; and/or, the thickness of the first body portion 231 is greater than the thickness of the peripheral wall 2322 .
  • the thickness of the first body portion 231 may be less than, equal to or greater than the thickness of the peripheral wall 2322 .
  • the thickness of the first body portion 231 may be less than, equal to, or greater than the thickness of the end wall 2321 .
  • the thickness of the end wall 2321 is equal to the thickness of the peripheral wall 2322 , and both the thickness of the end wall 2321 and the thickness of the peripheral wall 2322 are smaller than the thickness of the first body part 231 .
  • the first body portion 231 Since the thickness of the first body portion 231 is greater than that of the end wall 2321 , the first body portion 231 has stronger deformation resistance than the end wall 2321 and is less prone to deformation. Likewise, since the thickness of the first body portion 231 is greater than that of the peripheral wall 2322 , the first body portion 231 has stronger deformation resistance than the peripheral wall 2322 and is less prone to deformation.
  • FIG. 9 is an assembly diagram of an end cap 23 and an electrode terminal 24 provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 10 is an end cap 23 provided in another embodiment of the present application. Assembly drawing with electrode terminal 24.
  • the battery cell 20 also includes an electrode terminal 24 for electrical connection with the tab 221 (shown in FIG. 4 ), and the electrode terminal 24 is disposed on the end wall 2321 .
  • the electrode terminal 24 is located on the first protrusion 232 . There may be one or two electrode terminals 24 in the battery cell 20 .
  • the two electrode terminals 24 are installed on the end wall 2321 .
  • the two electrode terminals 24 are a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal respectively, and the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal are respectively electrically connected to the positive tab and the negative tab of the electrode assembly 22 (shown in FIG. 4 ).
  • the two electrode terminals 24 may be arranged at intervals along the length direction X of the end cover 23 .
  • the electrode terminal 24 of the battery cell 20 is arranged on the end wall 2321, and the electrode terminal 24 does not occupy the space of the first body part 231, which facilitates the arrangement of the reinforcement part 234 on the first body part 231 and improves the second body part 231.
  • a rigidity of the body portion 231 is arranged on the end wall 2321, and the electrode terminal 24 does not occupy the space of the first body part 231, which facilitates the arrangement of the reinforcement part 234 on the first body part 231 and improves the second body part 231.
  • the edge portions 2313 are respectively located on both sides of the first convex portion 232, along the width direction Y of the end cover 23, and the two second edge portions 2314 are respectively located on both sides of the first convex portion 232, and the first edge portions 2313 are located in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the dimension on is greater than the dimension on the width direction Y of the second edge portion 2314 .
  • at least one first edge portion 2313 is provided with a reinforcing portion 234 .
  • the first edge portion 2313 and the second edge portion 2314 are parts of the first body portion 231 located on the edge of the first convex portion 232 , and the two first edge portions 2313 and the two second edges are located on the first convex portion 232 respectively.
  • a first edge portion 2313, a second edge portion 2314, another first edge portion 2313 and another second edge portion 2314 are sequentially connected end to end to form a closed loop structure.
  • the two first edge portions 2313 are arranged opposite to each other in the length direction X of the end cover 23
  • the two second edges are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction Y of the end cover 23 , so that the first body portion 231 has a rectangular structure as a whole.
  • At least one first edge portion 2313 is provided with a reinforcement portion 234 , and only one first edge portion 2313 may be provided with a reinforcement portion 234 , or both first edges may be provided with a reinforcement portion 234 .
  • at least one first edge portion 2313 is provided with a reinforcing portion 234, which does not mean that the second edge portion 2314 cannot be provided with a reinforcing portion 234, and in the case that at least one first edge portion 2313 is provided with a reinforcing portion 234, the second The reinforcement part 234 may be provided on the edge part 2314, or the reinforcement part 234 may not be provided.
  • the first reinforcing part 234 on the first reinforcing part 234 can extend along multiple directions.
  • the first reinforcement part 234 extends along the length direction X of the end cover 23
  • the first reinforcement part 234 extends along the width direction Y of the end cover 23 .
  • the size of the first edge portion 2313 in the length direction X of the end cover 23 is greater than the size of the second edge portion 2314 in the width direction Y of the end cover 23 , and the first edge portion 2313 is larger than the second edge portion 2314 in the width direction Y of the end cover 23 .
  • the edge portion 2314 is more easily deformed. Therefore, a reinforcing part 234 is provided on at least one first edge part 2313 to enhance the rigidity of the first edge part 2313 .
  • both first edge portions 2313 are provided with a reinforcing portion 234 . Furthermore, the rigidity of the two first edge portions 2313 is increased, so that the portions of the end cover 23 located on both sides of the first convex portion 232 in the length direction X thereof are not easily deformed.
  • the reinforcing portion 234 extends along the width direction Y.
  • the reinforcement part 234 is a rectangular protrusion protruding from the first body part 231 .
  • the reinforcing portion 234 is a rectangular protrusion protruding from the inner surface of the first body portion 231 .
  • the reinforcing portion 234 is a rectangular protrusion protruding from the outer surface of the first body portion 231 .
  • the reinforcement portion 234 extends along the width direction Y of the end cover 23 , which increases the span of the reinforcement portion 234 in the width direction Y of the end cover 23 , thereby increasing the stiffness of the first edge portion 2313 .
  • FIG. 11 is an exploded view of an end cap 23 and an insulating member 26 provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 12 is an exploded view of an end cap 23 and an insulator 26 provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • An exploded view of the insulator 26, the battery cell 20 also includes an insulator 26, and the insulator 26 is located on the side of the electrode assembly 22 (shown in FIG. 4 ) facing the end cap 23 to insulate the end cap 23 from the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the insulator 26 functions to separate the end cap 23 from the electrode assembly 22 , and the insulator 26 is made of an insulating material, such as rubber or plastic.
  • the insulation isolation between the end cap 23 and the electrode assembly 22 is realized, and the risk of positive and negative short circuit caused by the overlapping of the electrode assembly 22 and the end cap 23 is reduced.
  • a second concave portion 261 is provided on a side of the insulating member 26 facing the first body portion 231 at a position corresponding to the reinforcement portion 234 .
  • the shape of the second recess 261 may match the shape of the first recess 235 .
  • the reinforcing portion 234 in an embodiment in which the reinforcing portion 234 is protruded on the inner surface of the first body portion 231 (not shown in FIG. 11 ), the reinforcing portion 234 may be at least partially accommodated in the first concave portion 235, and the reinforcing portion 234 There is a distance from the bottom surface of the second concave portion 261 to provide a space for the reinforcement portion 234 to deform toward the inside of the battery cell 20 . Please refer to FIG.
  • the reinforcing part 234 in the embodiment in which the reinforcing part 234 protrudes from the outer surface of the first body part 231 , the reinforcing part 234 is not located in the second concave part 261 .
  • the deformed reinforcement part 234 can be accommodated in the second concave part 261 .
  • the second recess 261 on the insulator 26 can provide a deformation space for the reinforcement part 234 to deform inside the battery cell 20, reducing the pressure of the insulator 26 due to the deformation of the reinforcement part 234, so that the insulator 26 damages the electrode. components 22 and cause the risk of positive and negative short circuit.
  • the insulator 26 includes a second body portion 262 and a second protrusion portion 263 .
  • the second body portion 262 surrounds the edge of the second convex portion 263, along the thickness direction Z of the end cap 23, and the second body portion 262 is located on the side of the first body portion 231 facing the electrode assembly 22 (shown in FIG. 4 ).
  • the second protruding portion 263 protrudes relative to the second body portion 262 in a direction away from the electrode assembly 22 , the second protruding portion 263 is at least partially accommodated in the first accommodating space 233 , and the second protruding portion 263 forms a second accommodating space inside,
  • the second accommodating space is used for accommodating at least a part of the tab 221 .
  • the second concave portion 261 is disposed on the second body portion 262.
  • the second body portion 262 has a third surface 2621 facing the first body portion 231, and the second concave portion 261 is formed from the third surface 2621. It is recessed along the direction close to the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the second body portion 262 is a portion of the insulating member 26 surrounding the second protruding portion 263 , and the second body portion 262 functions to separate the first body portion 231 from the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the shape of the second body part 262 may match the shape of the first body part 231 .
  • the second protrusion 263 may match the shape of the first protrusion 232 . At least part of the second protrusion 263 is accommodated in the first accommodation space 233 , and the second protrusion 263 functions to separate the first protrusion 232 from the electrode assembly 22 .
  • a second accommodating space is formed inside the second protruding portion 263, and a second accommodating space forms a second opening on the side of the second body portion 262 facing the electrode assembly 22, and the tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22 can enter into the second accommodating space through the second opening. 2.
  • the accommodation space In the accommodation space.
  • the second protrusion 263 of the insulator 26 is at least partially accommodated in the first accommodation space 233, reducing the overall size of the insulator 26 and the end cover 23 in the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23, so that the insulator 26 and the structure of end cap 23 are more compact.
  • the inside of the second protrusion 263 forms a second accommodation space, at least a part of the tab 221 is accommodated in the second accommodation space, reducing the space occupied by the tab 221 inside the casing 21, and providing more space for the main body of the electrode assembly 22.
  • the space is beneficial to increase the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100 , including a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 provided in any one of the above embodiments, and the box body 10 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • An electric device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the battery 100 provided in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the electric device may be any of the above-mentioned devices using the battery 100 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a prismatic battery cell, which includes a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 , an end cap 23 and an insulator 26 , the electrode assembly 22 is housed in the casing 21 , One end of the housing 21 forms an opening, the end cap 23 covers the opening of the housing 21 , and the insulating member 26 is used to separate the end cap 23 and the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the end cover 23 is a rectangular structure, the end cover 23 includes a first body part 231 and a first convex part 232, the first body part 231 is surrounded by the edge of the first convex part 232, and the first body part 231 is used for connecting with the housing 21 Welding, along the thickness direction Z of the end cap 23, the first convex portion 232 protrudes relative to the first body portion 231 in a direction away from the electrode assembly 22, and a first accommodation space 233 is formed inside the first convex portion 232, and the first accommodation space 233 It is used to accommodate a part of the tab 221 .
  • the outer surface of the first body part 231 is provided with a reinforcing part 234, and the position corresponding to the first body part 231 and the reinforcing part 234 is provided with a first concave part 235, and the second concave part 261 is away from the electrode from the inner surface of the first body part 231.
  • the orientation of the assembly 22 is recessed.
  • the first body part 231 is provided with a reinforcement part 234, which improves the rigidity of the first body part 231, enhances the ability of the first body part 231 to resist deformation, and reduces the resistance caused by the first body part.
  • the 231 is greatly deformed by the impact of an external force, resulting in the risk of a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes, which effectively improves the safety of the battery cell 20 .
  • the reinforcement part 234 is arranged on the outer surface of the first body part 231, the reinforcement part 234 will not occupy the internal space of the battery cell 20, and more space will be made for the electrode assembly 22, which is beneficial to increase the energy of the battery cell 20. density.
  • the first concave portion 235 can provide a deformation space for the reinforcing portion 234 , even if the reinforcing portion 234 is impacted and deformed inwardly, it is not easy to damage the electrode assembly 22 , further reducing the risk of positive and negative short circuit.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell 20.
  • the manufacturing method includes:
  • the end cover 23 includes a first body portion 231 and a first convex portion 232, the first body portion 231 is surrounded by the edge of the first convex portion 232, the first body portion 231 is used to connect with the housing 21, along the end cover 23 in the thickness direction Z, the first convex portion 232 protrudes relative to the first body portion 231 in a direction away from the electrode assembly 22, and a first accommodation space 233 is formed inside the first convex portion 232, and the first accommodation space 233 is used to accommodate the tabs At least a part of 221 , the first body part 231 is provided with a reinforcement part 234 , and the reinforcement part 234 is used to enhance the rigidity of the first body part 231 .
  • step S100, step S200 and step S300 are not limited, for example, step S300 may be performed first, then step S200, and then step S100.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of a manufacturing equipment 2000 for a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a manufacturing device 2000 for a battery cell 20.
  • the manufacturing equipment 2000 includes a first The providing device 2100 , the second providing device 2200 , the third providing device 2300 and the assembling device 2400 .
  • the first providing device 2100 is used for providing the casing 21, and the casing 21 has an opening.
  • the second providing device 2200 is used for providing the electrode assembly 22 , and the electrode assembly 22 has a tab 221 .
  • the third providing device 2300 is used for providing the end cap 23 .
  • the assembling device 2400 is used for accommodating the electrode assembly 22 in the casing 21 , and the assembling device 2400 is also used for covering the end cap 23 on the opening.
  • the end cover 23 includes a first body portion 231 and a first convex portion 232, the first body portion 231 is surrounded by the edge of the first convex portion 232, the first body portion 231 is used to connect with the housing 21, along the end cover 23 in the thickness direction Z, the first convex portion 232 protrudes relative to the first body portion 231 in a direction away from the electrode assembly 22, and a first accommodation space 233 is formed inside the first convex portion 232, and the first accommodation space 233 is used to accommodate the tabs At least a part of 221 , the first body part 231 is provided with a reinforcement part 234 , and the reinforcement part 234 is used to enhance the rigidity of the first body part 231 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备，属于电池技术领域。电池单体包括壳体、电极组件和端盖。电极组件容纳于壳体内。端盖用于盖合于壳体的开口，端盖包括第一本体部和第一凸部，第一本体部围设于第一凸部的边缘，第一本体部用于与壳体连接，沿端盖的厚度方向，第一凸部相对第一本体部沿背离电极组件的方向凸出，第一凸部内部形成第一容纳空间，第一容纳空间用于容纳电极组件的极耳的至少一部分。第一本体部上设有加强部，加强部用于增强第一本体部的刚度。加强部增强了第一本体部抵抗变形的能力，降低因第一本体部受到外力冲击而发生较大变形，导致正负极短路的风险，有效提高了电池单体的安全性。

Description

电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备。
背景技术
随着新能源技术的发展，电池的应用越来越广泛，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等。
在电池技术中，既需要考虑电池单体性能，也需要考虑电池单体的安全性问题。因此，如何提高电池单体的安全性是电池技术中一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备，能够有效提高电池单体的安全性。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，所述电池单体包括：壳体，具有开口；电极组件，容纳于所述壳体内，电极组件具有极耳；端盖，用于盖合于所述开口，所述端盖包括第一本体部和第一凸部，所述第一本体部围设于所述第一凸部的边缘，所述第一本体部用于与所述壳体连接，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第一凸部相对所述第一本体部沿背离所述电极组件的方向凸出，所述第一凸部内部形成第一容纳空间，所述第一容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分；其中，所述第一本体部上设有加强部，所述加强部用于增强所述第一本体部的刚度。
上述技术方案中，端盖的第一本体部上设有加强部，提高了第一本体部的刚度，增强了第一本体部抵抗变形的能力，降低因第一本体部受到外力冲击而发生较大变形，导致正负极短路的风险，有效提高了电池单体的安全性。
在一些实施例中，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第一本体部具有相对的第一表面的第二表面；所述加强部凸设于所述第一表面，所述第一本体部与所述加强部相对应的位置设有第一凹部，所述第一凹部从所述第二表面沿所述第二表面指向所述第一表面的方向凹陷。
上述技术方案中，第一本体部与加强部的相对应的位置设有第一凹部，能够有效提升第一本体部的刚度。在成型时，可以采用冲压的方式形成第一凹部和加强部，即在第二表面上冲压形成第一凹部的同时，形成凸出于第一表面的加强部。
在一些实施例中，沿所述第二表面指向所述第一表面的方向，所述第一凹部部分超出所述第一表面。
上述技术方案中，第一凹部部分超出第一表面，使得第一凹部局部凹陷至加强部内，增加了第一凹部的凹陷深度，第一凹部能够为加强部提供更多的变形空间。
在一些实施例中，所述第一表面为所述第一本体部面向所述电极组件的内表面，所述第二表面为所述第一本体部背离所述电极组件的外表面。
上述技术方案中，第一表面为第一本体部的内表面，即加强部凸设于第一本体部的内表面，加强部位于电池单体的内部，加强部不会占用电池单体的外部空间，减小电池单体的体积。
在一些实施例中，所述第二表面为所述第一本体部面向所述电极组件的内表面，所述第一表面为所述第一本体部背离所述电极组件的外表面。
上述技术方案中，第一表面为第一本体部的外表面，即加强部凸设于第一本体部的外表面，加强部位于电池单体的外部，加强部不会占用电池单体的外部空间，为电极组件腾让出更多的空间，有利于提升电池单体的能量密度。此外，由于第二表面为第一本体部的内表面，使得第一凹 部从第一本体部的内表面沿第一本体部的内表面指向外表面的方向凹陷，第一凹部能够为加强部提供变形空间，即使加强部受到冲击而向内发生较大的变形，也不易损伤电极组件，进一步降低了正负极短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述第一凸部包括端壁和周壁；沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述端壁较所述第一本体部更远离于所述电极组件；所述周壁围设于所述端壁的边缘，并连接于所述第一本体部，所述周壁与所述端壁共同限定出所述第一容纳空间。
上述技术方案中，周壁与端壁共同限定出第一容纳空间，且端壁较第一本体部更远离于电极组件，这种结构增大了第一容纳空间，能够容纳电极组件的极耳的更多的部分，有利于提升电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，所述第一本体部的厚度大于所述端壁的厚度；和/或，所述第一本体部的厚度大于所述周壁的厚度。
上述技术方案中，第一本体部的厚度大于端壁的厚度，使得第一本体部相较于端壁具有更强的抗变形能力，不易发生变形。同样，第一本体部的厚度大于周壁的厚度，使得第一本体部相较于周壁具有更强的抗变形能力，不易发生变形。
在一些实施例中，所述电池单体还包括电极端子，所述电极端子用于与所述极耳电连接，所述电极端子设置于所述端壁。
上述技术方案中，电池单体的电极端子设置于端壁，电极端子并未占用第一本体部的空间，有利于在第一本体部上布置加强部，提高第一本体部的刚度。
在一些实施例中，所述第一本体部包括两个第一边缘部和两个第二边缘部，沿所述端盖的长度方向，两个所述第一边缘部分别位于所述第一凸部的两侧，沿所述端盖的宽度方向，两个所述第二边缘部分别位于所述第一凸部的两侧，所述第一边缘部在所述长度方向上的尺寸大于所述第二边缘部在所述宽度方向上的尺寸；其中，至少一个所述第一边缘部设置有所述加强部。
上述技术方案中，第一边缘部在端盖的长度方向上的尺寸大于第二边缘部在端盖的宽度方向上的尺寸，第一边缘部相较于第二边缘部更容易变形。因此，在至少一个第一边缘部上设置加强部，以增强第一边缘部的刚度。
在一些实施例中，两个所述第一边缘部均设置有所述加强部。
上述技术方案中，两个第一边缘部均设置有加强部，提高了两个第一边缘部的刚度，使得端盖在其长度方向上位于第一凸部两侧的部分均不易发生变形。
在一些实施例中，所述加强部沿所述宽度方向延伸。
上述技术方案中，加强部沿端盖的宽度方向延伸，增大了加强部在端盖的宽度方向上的跨度，进而提升第一边缘部的刚度。
在一些实施例中，所述电池单体还包括绝缘件，所述绝缘件位于所述电极组件面向所述端盖的一侧，以将所述端盖与所述电极组件绝缘隔离。
上述技术方案中，通过在端盖与电极组件之间设置绝缘件，实现了端盖与电极组件的绝缘隔离，降低电极组件与端盖搭接而造成正负极短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述绝缘件面向所述第一本体部的一侧与所述加强部相对应的位置设有第二凹部。
上述技术方案中，绝缘件上的第二凹部能够为加强部向电池单体内部变形提供变形空间，降低因加强部变形而挤压绝缘件，使得绝缘件破坏电极组件而造成正负极短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述绝缘件包括第二本体部和第二凸部；所述第二本体部围设于所述第二凸部的边缘，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第二本体部位于所述第一本体部面向电极组件的一侧，所述第二凸部相对所述第二本体部沿背离所述电极组件的方向凸出，所述第二凸部至少部分容纳于所述第一容纳空间内，所述第二凸部内部形成第二容纳空间，所述第二容纳空间用于容纳所述 极耳的至少一部分；其中，所述第二凹部设置于所述第二本体部，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第二本体部具有面向所述第一本体部的第三表面，所述第二凹部从所述第三表面沿靠近所述电极组件的方向凹陷。
上述技术方案中，绝缘件的第二凸部至少部分容纳于第一容纳空间内，减少绝缘件和端盖整体在端盖的厚度方向上的尺寸，使得绝缘件与端盖的结构更为紧凑。第二凸部的内部形成第二容纳空间，极耳的至少一部分容纳于第二容纳空间内，减少极耳占用壳体内部的空间，以为电极组件的主体部分提供更多的空间，有利于提升电池单体的能量密度。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池，包括：上述第一方面任意一个实施例提供的电池单体；箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供的一种用电设备，包括上述第二方面任意一个实施例提供的电池。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的制造方法，所述制造方法包括：提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；提供电极组件，所述电极组件具有极耳；提供端盖；将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内；将所述端盖盖合于所述开口；其中，所述端盖包括第一本体部和第一凸部，所述第一本体部围设于所述第一凸部的边缘，所述第一本体部用于与所述壳体连接，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第一凸部相对所述第一本体部沿背离所述电极组件的方向凸出，所述第一凸部内部形成第一容纳空间，所述第一容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分，所述第一本体部上设有加强部，所述加强部用于增强所述第一本体部的刚度。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的制造设备，所述制造设备包括：第一提供装置，用于提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；第二提供装置，用于提供电极组件，所述电极组件具有极耳；第三提供装置，用于提供端盖；组装装置，用于将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内；还用于将所述端盖盖合于所述开口；其中，所述端盖包括第一本体部和第一凸部，所述第一本体部围设于所述第一凸部的边缘，所述第一本体部用于与所述壳体连接，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第一凸部相对所述第一本体部沿背离所述电极组件的方向凸出，所述第一凸部内部形成第一容纳空间，所述第一容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分，所述第一本体部上设有加强部，所述加强部用于增强所述第一本体部的刚度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的结构示意图；
图4为图3所示的电池单体的剖视图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖的结构示意图；
图6为图5所示的端盖的剖视图；
图7为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖的结构示意图；
图8为图7所示的端盖的剖视图；
图9为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖与电极端子的装配图；
图10为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖与电极端子的装配图；
图11为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖与绝缘件的爆炸图；
图12为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖与绝缘件的爆炸图；
图13为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造方法的流程图；
图14为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造设备的示意性框图。
图标：10-箱体；11-第一部分；12-第二部分；20-电池单体；21-壳体；22-电极组件；221-极耳；23-端盖；231-第一本体部；2311-第一表面；2312-第二表面；2313-第一边缘部；2314-第二边缘部；232-第一凸部；2321-端壁；2322-周壁；233-第一容纳空间；234-加强部；235-第一凹部；2351-第一底面；24-电极端子；25-泄压机构；26-绝缘件；261-第二凹部；262-第二本体部；2621-第三表面；263-第二凸部；100-电池；200-控制器；300-马达；1000-车辆；2000-制造设备；2100-第一提供装置；2200-第二提供装置；2300-第三提供装置；2400-组装装置；X-长度方向；Y-宽度方向；Z-厚度方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性 物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
对于电池单体来说，电池单体一般包括壳体、电极组件和端盖，电极组件容纳于壳体内，端盖盖合于壳体的开口，端盖与壳体共同形成用于容纳电极组件和电极液的密封空间。
为提高电池单体的能量密度，端盖为局部凸起结构。端盖包括本体部和凸部，本体部连接于壳体，以使整个端盖盖合于壳体的开口，凸部相对于本体部沿背离电极组件的方向凸出，本体部围设于凸部的边缘，凸部内部形成有容纳空间，以容纳电极组件的极耳的至少一部分，以减小极耳占用电池单体内部的空间，达到提升电池单体的能量密度的目的。
发明人注意到，在这样的电池单体中，端盖受到冲击时端盖的本体部容易发生变形，尤其是电池单体处于倒置场景下，本体部发生较大变形挤压电极组件，引起电极组件损伤，如电极组件的隔离膜被损坏，造成成负极短路，容易发生电池单体爆炸或起火等事故，存在较大的安全隐患。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，在端盖的本体部上设置加强部，通过加强部来增强本体部的刚度，增强本体部抵抗变形的能力，降低因本体部受到外力冲击而发生较大变形，导致正负极短路的风险，有效提高了电池单体的安全性。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图，车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。
车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸图，电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。
其中，箱体10是容纳电池单体20的部件，箱体10为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，以限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第一部分11和第二部分12可以是多种形状，比如，长方体、圆柱体等。第一部分11可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12也可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12的开放侧盖合于第一部分11的开放侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体10。也可以是第一部分11为一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12为板状结 构，第二部分12盖合于第一部分11的开放侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体10。第一部分11与第二部分12可以通过密封元件来实现密封，密封元件可以是密封圈、密封胶等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是一个、也可以是多个。若电池单体20为多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。也可以是所有电池单体20之间直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将所有电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内。
在一些实施例中，电池100还可以包括汇流部件，多个电池单体20之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现多个电池单体20的串联或并联或混联。汇流部件可以是金属导体，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的结构示意图，电池单体20包括壳体21、电极组件22(图3未示出)和端盖23。
壳体21是用于容纳电极组件22的部件，壳体21可以是一端形成开口的空心结构，壳体21可以是相对的两端形成开口的空心结构。壳体21可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体21的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
电极组件22是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件22具有极耳221(图3未示出)，极耳221分为正极极耳和负极极耳，正极极耳和负极极耳可以形成于电极组件22的同一侧，也可以分别形成于电极组件22相对的两侧。
端盖23是盖合于壳体21的开口以将电池单体20的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的部件。端盖23与壳体21共同限定出用于容纳电极组件22、电解液以及其他部件的密封空间。端盖23的形状可以与壳体21的形状相匹配，比如，壳体21为长方体结构，端盖23为与壳体21相匹配的矩形板状结构，再如，壳体21为圆柱体结构，端盖23为与壳体21相匹配的圆形板状结构。端盖23的材质也可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
电池单体20中，端盖23可以是一个，也可以是两个。若壳体21是一端形成开口的空心结构，则端盖23对应设置一个。若壳体21是两端形成开口的空心结构，则端盖23对应设置两个，两个端盖23分别盖合于壳体21的两个开口。
端盖23上可以设置电极端子24，电极端子24用于与极耳221电连接，以输出电池单体20的电能。电极端子24可以包括正极电极端子和负极电极端子，正极电极端子用于与正极极耳电连接，负极电极端子用于与负极极耳电连接。正极电极端子和负极电极端子可以设置于同一端盖23上，也可以设置于不同端盖23上。比如，壳体21为两端形成开口的空心结构，电池单体20中的端盖23为两个，两个端盖23对应盖合于壳体21的两个开口，负极电极端子设置于一个端盖23，正极电极端子设置于另一个端盖23上。再如，如图3所示，壳体21为一端形成开口的空心结构，电池单体20中的端盖23为一个，负极电极端子和正极电极端子则可以设置在同一个端盖23上。
正极电极端子与正极极耳可以直接连接，也可以间接连接，负极电极端子与负极极耳可以直接连接，也可以间接连接。示例性的，正极电极端子通过一个集流构件与正极极耳间接连接，负极电极端子通过另一个集流构件与负极极耳间接连接。
端盖23上还可以设置泄压机构25，泄压机构25用于在电池单体20内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放电池单体20内部的压力。泄压机构25可以是防爆阀、防爆片、安全阀等部件。
请继续参照图4，图4为图3所示的电池单体20的剖视图，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20，电池单体20包括壳体21、电极组件22和端盖23。壳体21具有开口。电极组件22容纳于壳体21内，电极组件22具有极耳221。端盖23用于盖合于开口，端盖23包括第一本体部231和第一凸部232，第一本体部231围设于第一凸部232的边缘，第一本体部231用于与壳体21连接，沿端盖23的厚度方向Z，第一凸部232相对第一本体部231沿背离电极组件22的方向凸出，第一凸部232内部形成第一容纳空间233，第一容纳空间233用于容纳极耳221的至少一部分。其 中，第一本体部231上设有加强部234，加强部234用于增强第一本体部231的刚度。
第一本体部231为端盖23围设于第一凸部232的周围并与壳体21连接的部分，第一本体部231可以与壳体21焊接，焊接轨迹可以沿壳体21的开口的周向延伸。第一本体部231可以是多种结构，比如长方形结构、圆形结构等。
第一凸部232也可以是多种结构，比如，长方形结构、圆形结构等。若第一本体部231为长方形结构，则可以将第一凸部232设置为长方形结构，这种结构的端盖23可以适用于方形电池单体。若第二本体部262为圆形结构，则可以将第一凸部232设置为圆形结构，这种结构的端盖23可以适用于柱形电池单体。在端盖23上设有电极端子24的实施例中，电极端子24可以设置于第一本体部231上，也可以设置于第一凸部232上。
第一凸部232内部形成有第一容纳空间233，第一容纳空间233在第一本体部231面向电极组件22的一侧形成第一开口，电极组件22的极耳221可以通过第一开口进入至第一容纳空间233内。
极耳221可以是电极组件22的正极极耳，也可以是负极极耳。在正极极耳和负极极耳形成于电极组件22的同一端的实施例中，可以是正极极耳和负极极耳均至少一部分容纳于第一容纳空间233内。在正极极耳和负极极耳分别形成于电极组件22相对的两端的实施例中，可以是正极极耳的至少一部分容纳于第一容纳空间233内，也可以是负极极耳的至少一部分容纳于第一容纳空间233内。
加强部234为设置于第一本体部231以增强第一本体部231的强度的结构，加强部234可以是多种结构，比如，加强部234为凸设于第一本体部231的凸起，再如，加强部234为设置于第一本体部231内部的空腔。加强部234也可以是多种形状，比如，长方形、圆形、环形等。
在本申请实施例中，端盖23的第一本体部231上设有加强部234，提高了第一本体部231的刚度，增强了第一本体部231抵抗变形的能力，降低因第一本体部231受到外力冲击而发生较大变形，导致正负极短路的风险，有效提高了电池单体20的安全性。
在一些实施例中，请参照图5-图8，图5为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖23的结构示意图，图6为图5所示的端盖23的剖视图，图7为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖23的结构示意图，图8为图7所示的端盖23的剖视图。沿端盖23的厚度方向Z，第一本体部231具有相对的第一表面2311的第二表面2312。加强部234凸设于第一表面2311，第一本体部231与加强部234相对应的位置设有第一凹部235，第一凹部235从第二表面2312沿第二表面2312指向第一表面2311的方向凹陷。
可以是第一表面2311为第一本体部231的外表面，第二表面2312为第一本体部231的内表面；也可以是第一表面2311为第一本体部231的内表面，第二表面2312为第一本体部231的外表面。若第一表面2311为第一本体部231的外表面，第二表面2312为第一本体部231的内表面，第二表面2312指向第一表面2311的方向，即为第一本体部231背离电极组件22(图4中示出)的方向；若第二表面2312为第一本体部231的外表面，第一表面2311为第一本体部231的内表面，第二表面2312指向第一表面2311的方向，即为第一本体部231面向电极组件22的方向。
第一凹部235的形状可以与第一凸部232的形状相匹配。
在本实施例中，第一本体部231与加强部234的相对应的位置设有第一凹部235，能够有效提升第一本体部231的刚度。在成型时，可以采用冲压的方式形成第一凹部235和加强部234，即在第二表面2312上冲压形成第一凹部235的同时，形成凸出于第一表面2311的加强部234，成型工艺简单。
在一些实施例中，沿第二表面2312指向第一表面2311的方向，第一凹部235部分超出第一表面2311。
可理解的，第一凹部235的部分延伸至加强部234内。第一凹部235具有第一底面2351，第一底面2351为第一凹部235最深位置的表面。第一凹部235的部分沿第二表面2312指向第一表面2311的方向超出第一表面2311，即第一底面2351较第一表面2311更远离第二表面 2312。示例性的，第一底面2351为垂直于端盖23的厚度方向Z的平面。
在本实施例中，第一凹部235部分超出第一表面2311，使得第一凹部235局部凹陷至加强部234内，增加了第一凹部235的凹陷深度，第一凹部235能够为加强部234提供更多的变形空间。
在一些实施例中，请参照图6，第一表面2311为第一本体部231面向电极组件22(图4中示出)的内表面，第二表面2312为第一本体部231背离电极组件22的外表面。
第一本体部231的内表面和外表面在端盖23的厚度方向Z上相对设置，第一本体部231的内表面和外表面均可以为平面。以第一本体部231为平板结构为例，第一本体部231的厚度即为第一本体部231的内表面与外表面之间的距离。
在本实施例中，第一表面2311为第一本体部231的内表面，即加强部234凸设于第一本体部231的内表面，加强部234位于电池单体20的内部，加强部234不会占用电池单体20的外部空间，减小电池单体20的体积。
在一些实施例中，请参照图8，第二表面2312为第一本体部231面向电极组件22(图4中示出)的内表面，第一表面2311为第一本体部231背离电极组件22的外表面。
在本实施例中，第一表面2311为第一本体部231的外表面，即加强部234凸设于第一本体部231的外表面，加强部234位于电池单体20的外部，加强部234不会占用电池单体20的外部空间，为电极组件22腾让出更多的空间，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。此外，由于第二表面2312为第一本体部231的内表面，使得第一凹部235从第一本体部231的内表面沿第一本体部231的内表面指向外表面的方向凹陷，第一凹部235能够为加强部234提供变形空间，即使加强部234受到冲击而向内发生较大的变形，也不易损伤电极组件22，进一步降低了正负极短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，请参照图5-图8，第一凸部232包括端壁2321和周壁2322。沿端盖23的厚度方向Z，端壁2321较第一本体部231更远离于电极组件22(图4中示出)。周壁2322围设于端壁2321的边缘，周壁2322连接于第一本体部231，周壁2322与端壁2321共同限定出第一容纳空间233。
端壁2321和周壁2322共同形成第一凸部232，第一本体部231、周壁2322和端壁2321三者可以是一体成型结构。端壁2321和周壁2322的形状可以是多种，比如，圆形结构、长方形结构等。若端壁2321和周壁2322均为圆形结构，则第一凸部232和第一容纳空间233均为圆形结构，若端壁2321和周壁2322均为长方形结构，则第一凸部232和第一容纳空间233均为长方形结构。第一本体部231、周壁2322和端壁2321三者的厚度可以相等，也可以不等。
在本实施例中，周壁2322与端壁2321共同限定出第一容纳空间233，且端壁2321较第一本体部231更远离于电极组件22，这种结构增大了第一容纳空间233，能够容纳电极组件22的极耳221的更多的部分，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，第一本体部231的厚度大于端壁2321的厚度；和/或，第一本体部231的厚度大于周壁2322的厚度。
可理解的，在第一本体的厚度大于端壁2321的厚度的实施例中，第一本体部231的厚度可以小于、等于或大于周壁2322的厚度。在第一本体的厚度大于周壁2322的实施例中，第一本体部231的厚度可以小于、等于或大于端壁2321的厚度。
示例性的，端壁2321的厚度等于周壁2322的厚度，端壁2321的厚度和周壁2322的厚度均小于第一本体部231的厚度。
由于第一本体部231的厚度大于端壁2321的厚度，使得第一本体部231相较于端壁2321具有更强的抗变形能力，不易发生变形。同样，由于第一本体部231的厚度大于周壁2322的厚度，使得第一本体部231相较于周壁2322具有更强的抗变形能力，不易发生变形。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图9和图10，图9为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖23与电极端子24的装配图，图10为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖23与电极端子24的装配图。电池单 体20还包括电极端子24，电极端子24用于与极耳221(图4中示出)电连接，电极端子24设置于端壁2321。
可理解的，电极端子24位于第一凸部232上。电池单体20中的电极端子24可以是一个，也可以是两个。
以电池单体20中的电极端子24为两个为例，两个电极端子24均安装于端壁2321。两个电极端子24分别为正极电极端子和负极电极端子，正极电极端子和负极电极端子分别与电极组件22(图4中示出)的正极极耳和负极极耳电连接。以端盖23的第一本体部231为长方形为例，两个电极端子24可以沿端盖23的长度方向X间隔排布。
在本实施例中，电池单体20的电极端子24设置于端壁2321，电极端子24并未占用第一本体部231的空间，有利于在第一本体部231上布置加强部234，提高第一本体部231的刚度。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图9和图10，第一本体部231包括两个第一边缘部2313和两个第二边缘部2314，沿端盖23的长度方向X，两个第一边缘部2313分别位于第一凸部232的两侧，沿端盖23的宽度方向Y，两个第二边缘部2314分别位于第一凸部232的两侧，第一边缘部2313在长度方向X上的尺寸大于第二边缘部2314在宽度方向Y上的尺寸。其中，至少一个第一边缘部2313设置有加强部234。
第一边缘部2313和第二边缘部2314为第一本体部231位于第一凸部232的边缘的部分，两个第一边缘部2313和两个第二边缘四者分别位于第一凸部232的四周，一个第一边缘部2313、一个第二边缘部2314、另一个第一边缘部2313和另一个第二边缘部2314首尾依次连接形成闭环结构。两个第一边缘部2313在端盖23的长度方向X上相对设置，两个第二边缘在端盖23的宽度方向Y相对设置，使得第一本体部231整体为长方形结构。
需要说明的是，至少一个第一边缘部2313设置有加强部234，可以是只有一个第一边缘部2313设置加强部234，也可以是两个第一边缘均设置加强部234。第一边缘部2313上的加强部234可以是一个，也可以是多个。当然，至少一个第一边缘部2313设置有加强部234，这并不意味着第二边缘部2314无法设置加强部234，在至少一个第一边缘部2313设置有加强部234的情况下，第二边缘部2314上可以设置加强部234，也可以不设置加强部234。
以第一加强部234上的加强部234为长方形凸起为例，第一加强部234可以沿多个方向延伸。比如，第一加强部234沿端盖23的长度方向X延伸，再如，第一加强部234沿端盖23的宽度方向Y延伸。
在本实施例中，第一边缘部2313在端盖23的长度方向X上的尺寸大于第二边缘部2314在端盖23的宽度方向Y上的尺寸，第一边缘部2313相较于第二边缘部2314更容易变形。因此，在至少一个第一边缘部2313上设置加强部234，以增强第一边缘部2313的刚度。
在一些实施例中，两个第一边缘部2313均设置有加强部234。进而提高了两个第一边缘部2313的刚度，使得端盖23在其长度方向X上位于第一凸部232两侧的部分均不易发生变形。
在一些实施例中，加强部234沿宽度方向Y延伸。
示例性的，加强部234为凸出于第一本体部231的长方形凸起。在图9中，加强部234为凸出于第一本体部231的内表面的长方形凸起。在图10中，加强部234为凸出于第一本体部231的外表面的长方形凸起。
在本实施例中，加强部234沿端盖23的宽度方向Y延伸，增大了加强部234在端盖23的宽度方向Y上的跨度，进而提升第一边缘部2313的刚度。
在一些实施例中，请参照图11和图12，图11为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖23与绝缘件26的爆炸图，图12为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖23与绝缘件26的爆炸图，电池单体20还包括绝缘件26，绝缘件26位于电极组件22(图4中示出)面向端盖23的一侧，以将端盖23与电极组件22绝缘隔离。
绝缘件26起到分隔端盖23和电极组件22的作用，绝缘件26为绝缘材质，比如，橡胶、 塑料等。
通过在端盖23与电极组件22之间设置绝缘件26，实现了端盖23与电极组件22的绝缘隔离，降低电极组件22与端盖23搭接而造成正负极短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，沿端盖23的厚度方向Z，绝缘件26面向第一本体部231的一侧与加强部234相对应的位置设有第二凹部261。
第二凹部261的形状可以与第一凹部235的形状相匹配。请参照图11，在加强部234凸设于第一本体部231的内表面(图11未示出)的实施例中，可以是加强部234至少部分容纳于第一凹部235内，加强部234与第二凹部261的底面存在距离，以为加强部234提供向电池单体20内部变形的空间。请参照图12，在加强部234凸设于第一本体部231的外表面的实施例中，加强部234并未位于第二凹部261内，当在加强部234受到冲击向电池单体20内部变形时，变形后的加强部234可以容纳于第二凹部261内。
在本实施例中，绝缘件26上的第二凹部261能够为加强部234向电池单体20内部变形提供变形空间，降低因加强部234变形而挤压绝缘件26，使得绝缘件26破坏电极组件22而造成正负极短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图11和图12，绝缘件26包括第二本体部262和第二凸部263。第二本体部262围设于第二凸部263的边缘，沿端盖23的厚度方向Z，第二本体部262位于第一本体部231面向电极组件22(图4中示出)的一侧，第二凸部263相对第二本体部262沿背离电极组件22的方向凸出，第二凸部263至少部分容纳于第一容纳空间233内，第二凸部263内部形成第二容纳空间，第二容纳空间用于容纳极耳221的至少一部分。
其中，第二凹部261设置于第二本体部262，沿端盖23的厚度方向Z，第二本体部262具有面向第一本体部231的第三表面2621，第二凹部261从第三表面2621沿靠近电极组件22的方向凹陷。
第二本体部262为绝缘件26围设于第二凸部263的周围的部分，第二本体部262起到分隔第一本体部231和电极组件22的作用。第二本体部262的形状可以与第一本体部231的形状相匹配。
第二凸部263可以与第一凸部232的形状相匹配。第二凸部263的至少部分容纳于第一容纳空间233内，第二凸部263起到分隔第一凸部232和电极组件22的作用。
第二凸部263内部形成有第二容纳空间，第二容纳空间在第二本体部262面向电极组件22的一侧形成第二开口，电极组件22的极耳221可以通过第二开口进入至第二容纳空间内。
在本实施例中，绝缘件26的第二凸部263至少部分容纳于第一容纳空间233内，减少绝缘件26和端盖23整体在端盖23的厚度方向Z上的尺寸，使得绝缘件26与端盖23的结构更为紧凑。第二凸部263的内部形成第二容纳空间，极耳221的至少一部分容纳于第二容纳空间内，减少极耳221占用壳体21内部的空间，以为电极组件22的主体部分提供更多的空间，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。
本申请实施例提供一种电池100，包括箱体10和上述任意一个实施例提供的电池单体20，箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。
本申请实施例提供的一种用电设备，包括上述任意一个实施例提供的电池100。
用电设备可以是上述任一应用电池100的设备。
此外，请参照图3和图4，本申请实施例提供一种方形电池单体，其包括壳体21、电极组件22、端盖23和绝缘件26，电极组件22容纳于壳体21内，壳体21的一端形成开口，端盖23盖合于壳体21的开口，绝缘件26用于分隔端盖23和电极组件22。端盖23为长方形结构，端盖23包括第一本体部231和第一凸部232，第一本体部231围设于第一凸部232的边缘，第一本体部231用于与壳体21焊接，沿端盖23的厚度方向Z，第一凸部232相对第一本体部231沿背离电极组件22的方向凸出，第一凸部232内部形成第一容纳空间233，第一容纳空间233用于容纳极耳 221的一部分。第一本体部231的外表面设有加强部234，第一本体部231与加强部234相对应的位置设置有第一凹部235，第二凹部261从第一本体部231的内表面向背离电极组件22的方向凹陷。
在这样的方向电池单体20中，第一本体部231上设有加强部234，提高了第一本体部231的刚度，增强了第一本体部231抵抗变形的能力，降低因第一本体部231受到外力冲击而发生较大变形，导致正负极短路的风险，有效提高了电池单体20的安全性。由于加强部234设置于第一本体部231的外表面，加强部234不会占用电池单体20的内部空间，为电极组件22腾让出更多的空间，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。此外，第一凹部235能够为加强部234提供变形空间，即使加强部234受到冲击而向内发生较大的变形，也不易损伤电极组件22，进一步降低了正负极短路的风险。
请参照图13，图13为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的制造方法的流程图，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20的制造方法，制造方法包括：
S100：提供壳体21，壳体21具有开口；
S200：提供电极组件22，电极组件22具有极耳221；
S300：提供端盖23；
S400：将电极组件22容纳于壳体21内；
S500：将端盖23盖合于壳体21的开口。
其中，端盖23包括第一本体部231和第一凸部232，第一本体部231围设于第一凸部232的边缘，第一本体部231用于与壳体21连接，沿端盖23的厚度方向Z，第一凸部232相对第一本体部231沿背离电极组件22的方向凸出，第一凸部232内部形成第一容纳空间233，第一容纳空间233用于容纳极耳221的至少一部分，第一本体部231上设有加强部234，加强部234用于增强第一本体部231的刚度。
在上述方法中，并不限制步骤S100、步骤S200和步骤S300，比如，可以先执行步骤S300，再执行步骤S200，再执行步骤S100。
需要说明的是，通过上述实施例提供的制造方法制造的电池单体20的相关结构，可参见前述实施例提供的电池单体20，在此不再赘述。
请参照图14，图14为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的制造设备2000的示意性框图，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20的制造设备2000，制造设备2000包括第一提供装置2100、第二提供装置2200、第三提供装置2300和组装装置2400。
第一提供装置2100用于提供壳体21，壳体21具有开口。第二提供装置2200用于提供电极组件22，电极组件22具有极耳221。第三提供装置2300用于提供端盖23。组装装置2400用于将电极组件22容纳于壳体21内，组装装置2400还用于将端盖23盖合于开口。
其中，端盖23包括第一本体部231和第一凸部232，第一本体部231围设于第一凸部232的边缘，第一本体部231用于与壳体21连接，沿端盖23的厚度方向Z，第一凸部232相对第一本体部231沿背离电极组件22的方向凸出，第一凸部232内部形成第一容纳空间233，第一容纳空间233用于容纳极耳221的至少一部分，第一本体部231上设有加强部234，加强部234用于增强第一本体部231的刚度。
需要说明的是，通过上述实施例提供的制造设备2000制造的电池单体20的相关结构，可参见前述实施例提供的电池单体20，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电池单体，所述电池单体包括：
    壳体，具有开口；
    电极组件，容纳于所述壳体内，电极组件具有极耳；
    端盖，用于盖合于所述开口，所述端盖包括第一本体部和第一凸部，所述第一本体部围设于所述第一凸部的边缘，所述第一本体部用于与所述壳体连接，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第一凸部相对所述第一本体部沿背离所述电极组件的方向凸出，所述第一凸部内部形成第一容纳空间，所述第一容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分；
    其中，所述第一本体部上设有加强部，所述加强部用于增强所述第一本体部的刚度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第一本体部具有相对的第一表面的第二表面；
    所述加强部凸设于所述第一表面，所述第一本体部与所述加强部相对应的位置设有第一凹部，所述第一凹部从所述第二表面沿所述第二表面指向所述第一表面的方向凹陷。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述第二表面指向所述第一表面的方向，所述第一凹部部分超出所述第一表面。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一表面为所述第一本体部面向所述电极组件的内表面，所述第二表面为所述第一本体部背离所述电极组件的外表面。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二表面为所述第一本体部面向所述电极组件的内表面，所述第一表面为所述第一本体部背离所述电极组件的外表面。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一凸部包括端壁和周壁；
    沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述端壁较所述第一本体部更远离于所述电极组件；
    所述周壁围设于所述端壁的边缘，并连接于所述第一本体部，所述周壁与所述端壁共同限定出所述第一容纳空间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一本体部的厚度大于所述端壁的厚度；和/或，所述第一本体部的厚度大于所述周壁的厚度。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括电极端子，所述电极端子用于与所述极耳电连接，所述电极端子设置于所述端壁。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一本体部包括两个第一边缘部和两个第二边缘部，沿所述端盖的长度方向，两个所述第一边缘部分别位于所述第一凸部的两侧，沿所述端盖的宽度方向，两个所述第二边缘部分别位于所述第一凸部的两侧，所述第一边缘部在所述长度方向上的尺寸大于所述第二边缘部在所述宽度方向上的尺寸；
    其中，至少一个所述第一边缘部设置有所述加强部。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池单体，其中，两个所述第一边缘部均设置有所述加强部。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的电池单体，其中，所述加强部沿所述宽度方向延伸。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括绝缘件，所述绝缘件位于所述电极组件面向所述端盖的一侧，以将所述端盖与所述电极组件绝缘隔离。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述绝缘件面向所述第一本体部的一侧与所述加强部相对应的位置设有第二凹部。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池单体，其中，所述绝缘件包括第二本体部和第二凸部；
    所述第二本体部围设于所述第二凸部的边缘，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第二本体部位于所述第一本体部面向电极组件的一侧，所述第二凸部相对所述第二本体部沿背离所述电极组件的方向凸出，所述第二凸部至少部分容纳于所述第一容纳空间内，所述第二凸部内部形成第二容纳空间，所述第二容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分；
    其中，所述第二凹部设置于所述第二本体部，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第二本体部具有面向所述第一本体部的第三表面，所述第二凹部从所述第三表面沿靠近所述电极组件的方向凹陷。
  15. 一种电池，包括：
    如权利要求1-14任一项所述的电池单体；
    箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体。
  16. 一种用电设备，包括如权利要求15所述的电池。
  17. 一种电池单体的制造方法，所述制造方法包括：
    提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；
    提供电极组件，所述电极组件具有极耳；
    提供端盖；
    将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内；
    将所述端盖盖合于所述开口；
    其中，所述端盖包括第一本体部和第一凸部，所述第一本体部围设于所述第一凸部的边缘，所述第一本体部用于与所述壳体连接，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第一凸部相对所述第一本体部沿背离所述电极组件的方向凸出，所述第一凸部内部形成第一容纳空间，所述第一容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分，所述第一本体部上设有加强部，所述加强部用于增强所述第一本体部的刚度。
  18. 一种电池单体的制造设备，所述制造设备包括：
    第一提供装置，用于提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；
    第二提供装置，用于提供电极组件，所述电极组件具有极耳；
    第三提供装置，用于提供端盖；
    组装装置，用于将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内；还用于将所述端盖盖合于所述开口；
    其中，所述端盖包括第一本体部和第一凸部，所述第一本体部围设于所述第一凸部的边缘，所述第一本体部用于与所述壳体连接，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第一凸部相对所述第一本体部沿 背离所述电极组件的方向凸出，所述第一凸部内部形成第一容纳空间，所述第一容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分，所述第一本体部上设有加强部，所述加强部用于增强所述第一本体部的刚度。
PCT/CN2022/071898 2022-01-13 2022-01-13 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 WO2023133777A1 (zh)

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