WO2023220886A1 - 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备 - Google Patents

端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023220886A1
WO2023220886A1 PCT/CN2022/093136 CN2022093136W WO2023220886A1 WO 2023220886 A1 WO2023220886 A1 WO 2023220886A1 CN 2022093136 W CN2022093136 W CN 2022093136W WO 2023220886 A1 WO2023220886 A1 WO 2023220886A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure relief
groove
cover body
groove section
end cap
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/093136
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周文林
徐良帆
李全坤
王鹏
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/093136 priority Critical patent/WO2023220886A1/zh
Priority to EP22929208.1A priority patent/EP4300691A1/en
Priority to CN202280006794.5A priority patent/CN117413423A/zh
Priority to US18/223,549 priority patent/US20230369711A1/en
Publication of WO2023220886A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023220886A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/152—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, specifically, to an end cover, a battery cell, a battery and electrical equipment.
  • Batteries are widely used in the field of new energy, such as electric vehicles and new energy vehicles. New energy vehicles and electric vehicles have become a new development trend in the automobile industry.
  • the end cover of the battery is provided with a pressure relief structure for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure of the battery reaches the detonation pressure.
  • the pressure relief structure often opens in advance, resulting in the failure to achieve the normal pressure relief function.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an end cover, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which aims to improve the problem in the related art that the pressure relief structure is often opened in advance, resulting in the inability to realize the normal pressure relief function.
  • inventions of the present application provide an end cover.
  • the end cover includes a cover body and a pressure relief groove.
  • the cover body has a pressure relief portion; the pressure relief groove is provided on the cover body.
  • the pressure relief groove defines the pressure relief portion; wherein the pressure relief portion is curved along the thickness direction of the cover body.
  • the pressure relief portion of the end cover is bent along the thickness direction of the cover body.
  • the pressure relief portion can deform along the bending direction, thereby absorbing the energy of the external impact, thereby reducing
  • the impact of external impact on the position of the pressure relief groove on the cover body can, to a certain extent, prevent the position of the pressure relief groove on the cover body from being damaged due to external impact, ensuring that the normal pressure relief function can be achieved, that is, preventing the battery cells from being damaged
  • the pressure relief part will open to ensure the normal operation of the battery cells.
  • the cover body has opposite inner and outer surfaces along the thickness direction, and the pressure relief portion is curved in the direction in which the inner surface points to the outer surface. .
  • the pressure relief portion is arranged to be bent in the direction from the inner surface to the outer surface, that is, the pressure relief portion is bent toward its opening direction.
  • the pressure relief portion is deformed along the opening direction. , the protrusions caused by the deformation of the pressure relief part will not affect the electrode components in the battery.
  • the pressure relief part has a first surface, and the first surface and the pressure relief groove are located on the same side of the pressure relief part,
  • the first surface is an arc surface.
  • the first surface is configured as an arc surface so that it is easily deformed when subjected to external impact to absorb the energy of external impact and reduce the impact of external impact on the position of the pressure relief groove on the cover body.
  • the pressure relief part has a second surface opposite to the first surface, the second surface is an arc surface, and the third surface The first surface and the second surface have the same curvature direction.
  • the pressure relief portion forms an arched structure, which is beneficial to absorbing external impacts.
  • the position of the pressure relief groove on the cover body is prevented from being damaged due to external impact, and the pressure relief part is prevented from opening when the internal pressure of the battery cell does not reach the detonation pressure, ensuring that normal pressure relief function can be achieved.
  • the cover body in the thickness direction, has opposite inner surfaces and outer surfaces, and the pressure relief portion extends from both ends to the middle position along the first direction.
  • the distance between the pressure relief portion and the inner surface in the thickness direction gradually increases, and the first direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction.
  • both ends of the pressure relief portion in the first direction are closer to the inner surface than the middle position of the pressure relief portion in the first direction. That is, in the thickness direction, the middle position of the pressure relief portion in the first direction is further away from the inner surface than the two ends of the pressure relief portion in the first direction. Since the distance from the pressure relief part to the inner surface in the thickness direction gradually increases from both ends of the pressure relief part to the middle position in the first direction, the pressure relief part is in the first direction and the thickness direction.
  • the determined plane has an arched cross-section, which can well absorb the energy of external impact.
  • the end cap includes a first protruding portion protruding from the outer surface and surrounding the pressure relief groove.
  • the first protrusion can absorb the energy of the impact and prevent the impact force from being transmitted to the pressure relief groove. position to reduce the impact of external impact on the position of the pressure relief groove on the cover body, to a certain extent, to prevent the position of the pressure relief groove on the cover body from being damaged due to external impact, and to prevent the internal pressure of the battery cell from not reaching When the detonation pressure occurs, the pressure relief part opens to ensure normal pressure relief function.
  • the cover body is provided with a recess, the recess is recessed from the outer surface in a direction close to the inner surface, and the pressure relief groove is provided at the bottom of the recess. wall.
  • a recess is provided on the end cover and the pressure relief groove is arranged on the bottom wall of the recess.
  • the recess plays a role in thinning, further reducing the thickness of the position where the pressure relief groove is located on the cover body. .
  • the position of the pressure relief groove on the cover body is more easily flushed open by the internal pressure, thereby achieving pressure relief.
  • the end cover includes a first protruding portion protruding from the bottom wall and surrounding the pressure relief groove.
  • the arrangement of the recess makes it easier for the location of the pressure relief groove on the cover body to be flushed open by internal pressure, and at the same time, it is also easier to be flushed open by external impact. Therefore, by providing a first protrusion surrounding the pressure relief groove on the bottom wall, when the end cover is impacted by an external impact, the first protrusion can absorb the energy of the impact and prevent the impact force from being transmitted to the location of the pressure relief groove. In order to reduce the impact of external impact on the position of the pressure relief groove on the cover body, to a certain extent, prevent the position of the pressure relief groove on the cover body from being damaged due to external impact, that is, to prevent the internal pressure of the battery cell from not reaching the detonation pressure. When the pressure relief part opens, the normal pressure relief function is ensured.
  • the end cap includes a second protruding portion protruding from the inner surface, and the second protruding portion is in contact with the concave portion.
  • the positions are corresponding to and arranged around the pressure relief groove.
  • the arrangement of the recess makes the location of the recess vulnerable to external impact and deformation. Therefore, by arranging a second protrusion on the inner surface corresponding to the position of the recess and surrounding the pressure relief groove, when the end cover is subjected to When there is an external impact, the second protrusion can absorb the energy of the impact and prevent the impact force from being transmitted to the location of the pressure relief groove to a certain extent, so as to reduce the impact of external impact on the location of the pressure relief groove on the cover body and avoid it to a certain extent. The location of the pressure relief groove on the cover body was damaged due to external impact.
  • the length of the pressure relief part in the second direction is greater than the length of the pressure relief part in the first direction, and the first direction, the second direction The two directions are perpendicular to the thickness direction.
  • the length of the pressure relief portion in the second direction is greater than its length in the first direction, so that the pressure relief portion has an elongated structure.
  • the cross section of the pressure relief portion in the first direction and the thickness direction is arched. In this way, the pressure relief portion can deform when it is impacted by an external force, thereby absorbing the energy of the impact well and avoiding the pressure relief groove on the cover body. The location is damaged due to external impact.
  • the pressure relief groove is a closed groove extending along a closed trajectory connected end to end.
  • the pressure relief groove is set as a closed groove. In this way, when the internal pressure of the battery reaches the detonation pressure, the internal pressure can flush away the position of the pressure relief groove on the cover body from all sides, making the pressure relief faster. ,easy.
  • the pressure relief groove includes a first groove section, a second groove section, a third groove section and a fourth groove section connected in sequence; along the first direction, the third groove section A groove section and the third groove section are arranged oppositely, and the maximum distance between the first groove section and the third groove section is a first distance; along the second direction, the second groove section and the The fourth groove segments are arranged oppositely, and the minimum distance between the second groove segment and the fourth groove segment is a second distance; the second distance is greater than the first distance, and the first direction, the The second direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction.
  • the first distance is the maximum distance between the first groove section and the third groove section in the first direction
  • the second distance is the minimum distance between the second groove section and the fourth groove section in the second direction.
  • the minimum distance between the second groove section and the fourth groove section in the second direction is greater than the maximum distance between the first groove section and the third groove section in the first direction, which means that the second groove section and the fourth groove section are in the second direction.
  • the distance in the direction is greater than the distance in the first direction between the first groove section and the third groove section.
  • the first groove section and the third groove section are linear grooves; and/or the second groove section and the fourth groove section are arc grooves. .
  • the first groove section and the third groove section are set as linear grooves, and the second groove section and the fourth groove section are set as arc grooves, which can reduce stress concentration and achieve detonation when the internal pressure of the battery reaches When the pressure is high, the location of the pressure relief groove on the cover body is more likely to be flushed open by the internal pressure, thereby achieving pressure relief.
  • the cover body partially protrudes along the thickness direction to form a convex portion, and the pressure relief groove is provided on the convex portion.
  • the cover body partially protrudes along the thickness direction of the cover body to form a convex portion, and the side of the cover body opposite to the convex portion in the thickness direction will form a corresponding recessed space.
  • the interior of the battery cell can be accommodated.
  • the components are conducive to improving the energy density of the battery cell.
  • it can improve the bending strength of the end cover and improve the impact resistance of the end cover.
  • the pressure relief groove is provided with a convex part, it is convenient for the pressure relief part to be opened in time to relieve pressure when the battery cell is thermally out of control.
  • inventions of the present application also provide a battery cell.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly, a casing and the above-mentioned end cover.
  • the casing has an accommodating space with one end open, and the accommodating space is To accommodate the electrode assembly; the end cap is connected to the housing and closes the opening.
  • inventions of the present application further provide a battery.
  • the battery includes a box and the above-mentioned battery cell, and the battery cell is accommodated in the box.
  • the end cover is provided on a side of the battery cell close to the bottom wall of the box.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide an electrical device, where the electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic top view of an end cap provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view at position A-A in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of position D in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged view of position B in Figure 5;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view at position C-C in Figure 5;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic top view of an end cap provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view at position G-G in Figure 11.
  • Icon 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery cell; 21-end cover; 211-cover body; 2111-pressure relief part; 21111-first surface; 21112-second Surface; 2112-outer surface; 2113-inner surface; 2114-convex portion; 212-pressure relief groove; 2121-first groove section; 2122-second groove section; 2123-third groove section; 2124-fourth groove section ; 213-first protruding part; 214-concave part; 215-second protruding part; 22-electrode assembly; 23-casing; 100-battery; 200-controller; 300-motor; 1000-vehicle.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • “Plural” appearing in this application means two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium ion secondary batteries, lithium ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries or magnesium ion batteries, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the positive electrode current collector that is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode current collector that is coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the cathode current collector without coating the cathode active material layer serves as the cathode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode current collector that is coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive electrode lugs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode lugs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly may have a rolled structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • a pressure relief structure can be provided on the end cover of the battery cell.
  • a pressure relief groove is provided on the end cover, and the pressure relief groove defines a pressure relief portion.
  • the inventor further studied and found that in the scenario where the battery cell is inverted, the end cover is more susceptible to external impact, and the external impact force is easily transmitted to the location of the pressure relief structure, which in turn causes the pressure relief structure to open in advance, resulting in the inability to achieve normal pressure relief. Function.
  • an end cover which includes a cover body and a pressure relief groove.
  • the pressure relief groove is provided on the cover body, and the pressure relief groove defines a pressure relief portion.
  • the pressure relief part is bent along the thickness direction of the cover body.
  • the pressure relief portion of the end cap is bent along the thickness direction of the cover body, when the end cap is subjected to an external impact, the pressure relief portion can deform along the bending direction and absorb the energy of the external impact to reduce the impact of the external impact on the cover body.
  • the influence of the position of the upper pressure relief groove can, to a certain extent, prevent the position of the pressure relief groove on the cover body from being damaged due to external impact, ensuring that the normal pressure relief function can be achieved, that is, preventing the internal pressure of the battery cell from not reaching
  • the pressure relief part opens when the detonation pressure occurs to ensure the normal operation of the battery cells.
  • Power-consuming devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal Cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators and planers, etc.
  • the embodiments of this application impose no special restrictions on the above electrical equipment.
  • the electric equipment is the vehicle 1000 as an example.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 , and the battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300 .
  • the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to provide power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but also can be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a case 10 and battery cells 20 , and the battery cells 20 are accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the box 10 is used to provide an accommodation space for the battery cells 20, and the box 10 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12 , the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a space for accommodating the battery cells 20 of accommodation space.
  • the second part 12 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 may be a plate-like structure.
  • the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12 so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a receiving space.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 is covered with the open side of the second part 12.
  • the box 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • the battery 100 there may be a plurality of battery cells 20, and the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection.
  • Mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • the plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of the plurality of battery cells 20 can be accommodated in the box 10 ; of course, the battery 100 can also be a plurality of battery cells 20 First, the battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 10 .
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures.
  • the battery 100 may further include a bus component for realizing electrical connections between multiple battery cells 20 .
  • Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery cell or a primary battery cell; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell or a magnesium-ion battery cell, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes the battery 100 .
  • the battery cell 20 includes an end cover 21 , an electrode assembly 22 , a case 23 and other functional components.
  • the end cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of the case 23 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 23 to fit the housing 23 .
  • the end cap 21 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). In this way, the end cap 21 is less likely to deform when subjected to extrusion and collision, so that the battery cell 20 can have higher durability. Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved.
  • the end cap 21 may be provided with functional components such as electrode terminals (not shown in the figure). The electrode terminals may be used to electrically connect with the electrode assembly 22 for outputting or inputting electrical energy from the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cap 21 can also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • an insulating member may also be provided inside the end cover 21 , and the insulating member may be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 23 from the end cover 21 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber, etc.
  • the housing 23 is a component used to cooperate with the end cover 21 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 20 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22 , electrolyte, and other components.
  • the housing 23 and the end cover 21 may be independent components, and an opening may be provided on the housing 23.
  • the end cover 21 covers the opening at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20.
  • the end cover 21 and the housing 23 can also be integrated.
  • the end cover 21 and the housing 23 can form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the inside of the housing 23 When, the end cover 21 covers the housing 23 again.
  • the housing 23 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 23 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the housing 23 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is a component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • One or more electrode assemblies 22 may be contained within the housing 23 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets, and an isolation film is usually provided between the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets.
  • the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that contain active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 22 , and the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that do not contain active material each constitute tabs.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located together at one end of the main body or respectively located at both ends of the main body.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the end cap 21 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic top view of the end cap 21 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view at position A-A in Figure 5 .
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of position D in Figure 6.
  • Some embodiments of the present application provide an end cover 21.
  • the end cover 21 includes a cover body 211 and a pressure relief groove 212.
  • the cover body 211 has a pressure relief portion 2111.
  • a pressure relief groove 212 is provided on the cover body 211.
  • the pressure relief groove 212 defines the pressure relief portion 2111.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 is bent along the thickness direction of the cover body 211 .
  • the cover body 211 is the main structure of the end cover 21 and is mainly used to close the opening of the housing 23 .
  • the shape of the cover body 211 is adapted to the shape of the opening of the housing 23 .
  • the shape of the cover body 211 is also rectangular.
  • the shape of the cover body 211 is also circular.
  • the pressure relief groove 212 can be formed by various methods, such as stamping forming, milling forming, etc.
  • the pressure relief groove 212 may be provided on the surface of the cover body 211 facing the inside of the housing 23 , or may be provided on the surface of the cover body 211 facing away from the housing 23 .
  • the cover body 211 has opposite inner surfaces 2113 and outer surfaces 2112 in the thickness direction.
  • the inner surface 2113 of the cover body 211 faces the inside of the housing 23
  • the outer surface 2112 of the cover body 211 faces away from the housing 23 .
  • the housing 23 is provided with a pressure relief groove 212 that can be provided on the inner surface 2113 of the cover body 211 or on the outer surface 2112 of the cover body 211 .
  • the pressure relief groove 212 may be a groove recessed from the surface of the cover body 211 along the thickness direction of the cover body 211 (the H direction as shown in FIG. 7 ), and the pressure relief portion 2111 is an inner surface of the cover body 211 formed by the groove. defined part. Taking the inner surface of the groove as a rectangular shape as an example, the pressure relief portion 2111 is a rectangular portion of the cover body 211 defined by the inner surface of the pressure relief groove 212 .
  • the pressure relief groove 212 may also be a linear groove extending along a bending trajectory. For example, the bending trajectory is a U-shaped trajectory, and the pressure relief portion 2111 is a U-shaped portion of the cover body 211 defined by the bending trajectory.
  • the bending track is a rectangular track
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 is a rectangular portion of the cover body 211 defined by the bending track. If the pressure relief groove 212 is a linear groove extending along a bending trajectory, when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 reaches the detonation pressure, the pressure relief portion 2111 can be opened with the pressure relief groove 212 as a boundary to release the interior of the battery cell 20 . pressure.
  • the thickness direction of the cover body 211 protrudes outward or is recessed inward, so that the middle part of the pressure relief part 2111 is lower than or higher than the end of the pressure relief part 2111 in the thickness direction.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 of the end cap 21 is bent along the thickness direction of the cover body 211.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 can deform along the bending direction to absorb the energy of the external impact to reduce the external impact.
  • the impact of the impact on the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 can, to a certain extent, prevent the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 from being damaged due to external impact, ensuring that the normal pressure relief function can be achieved, that is, preventing
  • the pressure relief part 2111 is opened to ensure the normal operation of the battery cell 20 .
  • the cover body 211 has an opposite inner surface 2113 and an outer surface 2112, and the pressure relief portion 2111 is curved in a direction in which the inner surface 2113 points toward the outer surface 2112.
  • the cover body 211 has opposite inner surfaces 2113 and outer surfaces 2112, wherein the inner surface 2113 is close to the housing 23, the outer surface 2112 is away from the housing 23, and the pressure relief portion 2111 points along the inner surface 2113 to the outer surface 2112.
  • the direction is curved.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 is arranged to be bent along the direction in which the inner surface 2113 points to the outer surface 2112, that is, the pressure relief portion 2111 is bent toward its opening direction.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 is deformed along the opening direction.
  • the protrusions generated by the deformation of the pressure relief portion 2111 will not affect the electrode assembly 22 in the battery 100, thus preventing damage to the electrode assembly 22 when the pressure relief portion 2111 deforms.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 is arranged to be bent along the thickness direction toward its opening direction, which reduces the occupation of the internal space of the battery cell 20 (the space enclosed by the end cover 21 and the case 23), which is beneficial to increasing the energy density.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 is bent toward a direction away from its opening direction. In this way, the pressure relief portion 2111 will not protrude from the outer surface 2112 of the cover body 211 and will not easily collide with other structures to cause stress concentration on other structures.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 has a first surface 21111, and the first surface 21111 and the pressure relief groove 212 are located on the same side of the pressure relief portion 2111.
  • the first surface 21111 is an arc surface.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 has an opposite first surface 21111 and a second surface 21112, wherein the first surface 21111 and the pressure relief groove 212 are located on the same side of the pressure relief portion 2111, and the second surface 21112 is on the same side as the pressure relief groove 2111. 212 is located on both sides of the pressure relief part 2111. Taking the pressure relief groove 212 being opened on the outer surface 2112 of the cover body 211 as an example, along the thickness direction, the first surface 21111 is the surface of the pressure relief portion 2111 away from the housing 23 . For another example, if the pressure relief groove 212 is opened on the inner surface 2113 of the cover body 211, the first surface 21111 along the thickness direction is the surface of the pressure relief portion 2111 close to the housing 23.
  • the first surface 21111 is configured as an arc surface so that it is easily deformed when subjected to external impact to absorb the energy of the external impact and reduce the impact of external impact on the location of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 .
  • the first surface 21111 is an arc surface extending along a parabolic trajectory.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 has a second surface 21112 opposite to the first surface 21111 along the thickness direction.
  • the second surface 21112 is an arc surface, and the first surface 21111 and the second surface 21112 have the same curvature direction.
  • the first surface 21111 and the pressure relief groove 212 are located on the same side of the pressure relief part 2111, and the second surface 21112 and the pressure relief groove 212 are located on both sides of the pressure relief part 2111.
  • the second surface 21112 is the surface of the pressure relief portion 2111 close to the housing 23 .
  • the second surface 21112 is the surface of the pressure relief portion 2111 away from the housing 23.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 forms an arched structure, which is beneficial to absorbing external impacts to a certain extent. This prevents the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 from being damaged due to external impact, and prevents the pressure relief part 2111 from opening when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 does not reach the detonation pressure, ensuring that the normal pressure relief function can be achieved.
  • the second surface 21112 is a plane, and the second surface 21112 is flush with the inner surface 2113 of the cover body 211 . In this way, only the first surface 21111 of the pressure relief portion 2111 needs to be processed into an arc surface, which can simplify manufacturing and facilitate processing.
  • the cover body 211 has opposite inner surfaces 2113 and outer surfaces 2112 in the thickness direction. Along the first direction from both ends of the pressure relief portion 2111 to the middle position, the distance in the thickness direction from the pressure relief portion 2111 to the inner surface 2113 gradually increases. The first direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction.
  • the inner surface 2113 refers to the surface of the cover body 211 close to the housing 23
  • the outer surface 2112 refers to the surface of the cover body 211 away from the housing 23 .
  • the inner surface 2113 points in the direction of the outer surface 2112, which is the opening direction of the pressure relief portion 2111.
  • the first direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction.
  • the first direction is the E direction shown in the figure.
  • both ends of the pressure relief portion 2111 are close to the pressure relief groove 212 , and the middle position of the pressure relief portion 2111 is away from the pressure relief groove 212 .
  • both ends of the pressure relief portion 2111 in the first direction are closer to the inner surface 2113 than the middle position of the pressure relief portion 2111 in the first direction. That is, in the thickness direction, the middle position of the pressure relief portion 2111 in the first direction is further away from the inner surface 2113 than the two ends of the pressure relief portion 2111 in the first direction. Since the distance between the pressure relief portion 2111 and the inner surface 2113 in the thickness direction gradually increases from both ends of the pressure relief portion 2111 to the middle position in the first direction, the pressure relief portion 2111 is in the plane determined by the first direction and the thickness direction. The cross-section is arched, which can absorb the energy of external impact very well.
  • the end cap 21 includes a first protrusion 213 protruding from the outer surface 2112 and surrounding the pressure relief groove 212 .
  • the first protruding portion 213 is a protruding structure protruding from the outer surface 2112 and surrounding the pressure relief groove 212 .
  • the first protrusion 213 forms a racetrack shape, and the pressure relief groove 212 is located within the inner circle of the racetrack shape.
  • the first protruding portion 213 forms a rectangular shape.
  • the pressure relief groove 212 is located inside the first protruding portion 213 .
  • the pressure relief groove 212 is a U-shaped groove extending along a U-shaped trajectory
  • the first protrusion 213 can correspondingly form a U-shaped protrusion extending along the U-shaped trajectory to surround the pressure relief groove 212.
  • the inner side of the first protruding portion 213 if the pressure relief groove 212 is a U-shaped groove extending along a U-shaped trajectory, the first protrusion 213 can correspondingly form a U-shaped protrusion extending along the U-shaped trajectory to surround the pressure relief groove 212.
  • the first protrusion 213 surrounding the pressure relief groove 212 on the end cover 21 , when the end cover 21 is impacted by an external impact, the first protrusion 213 can absorb the energy of the impact and prevent the impact force from being transmitted to the pressure relief groove 212 position to reduce the impact of external impact on the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211, to a certain extent, to prevent the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 from being damaged due to external impact, and to prevent the battery cells 20
  • the pressure relief part 2111 will be opened to ensure that the normal pressure relief function can be achieved.
  • the end cap 21 includes a plurality of first protrusions 213 protruding from the outer surface 2112 and sequentially surrounding the outer periphery of the pressure relief groove 212 .
  • first protrusions 213 By providing a plurality of first protrusions 213, the effect of absorbing impact energy is improved, and the impact force is prevented from being transmitted to the location of the pressure relief groove 212, thereby reducing the impact of external impacts on the location of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211.
  • the cover body 211 is provided with a recess 214 , and the recess 214 is recessed from the outer surface 2112 toward the inner surface 2113 .
  • the pressure relief groove 212 is provided on the bottom wall of the recess 214 .
  • the recess 214 refers to a groove-shaped structure that penetrates the outer surface 2112 of the cover body 211 and extends in a direction from the outer surface 2112 to the inner surface 2113 .
  • the shape of the recessed portion 214 is not limited.
  • the recessed portion 214 can be either rectangular or circular.
  • the pressure relief groove 212 is disposed on the bottom wall of the recess 214" means that the pressure relief groove 212 starts from the bottom wall, penetrates the bottom wall of the recess 214, and extends toward the inner surface 2113 along the thickness direction.
  • the recess 214 plays a role in thinning, so that the thickness of the cover body 211 where the pressure relief groove 212 is located is further increased. reduce.
  • the location of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 is more easily flushed open by the internal pressure, thereby achieving pressure relief.
  • the end cap 21 includes a first protruding portion 213.
  • the first protruding portion 213 is protruding from the bottom wall and surrounds the pressure relief groove 212.
  • the first protruding portion 213 is a protruding structure protruding from the bottom wall of the recessed portion 214 and surrounding the pressure relief groove 212 .
  • the first protrusion 213 forms a racetrack shape
  • the pressure relief groove 212 is located within the inner circle of the racetrack shape.
  • the first protruding portion 213 forms a rectangular shape.
  • the pressure relief groove 212 is located inside the first protruding portion 213 .
  • the pressure relief groove 212 is a U-shaped groove extending along a U-shaped trajectory
  • the first protrusion 213 can correspondingly form a U-shaped protrusion extending along the U-shaped trajectory to surround the pressure relief groove 212.
  • the inner side of the first protruding portion 213 if the pressure relief groove 212 is a U-shaped groove extending along a U-shaped trajectory, the first protrusion 213 can correspondingly form a U-shaped protrusion extending along the U-shaped trajectory to surround the pressure relief groove
  • the arrangement of the recess 214 makes it easier for the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 to be broken open by internal pressure, and at the same time, it is also easier to be broken open by external impact. Therefore, by providing the first protrusion 213 surrounding the pressure relief groove 212 on the bottom wall, when the end cover 21 is impacted by an external impact, the first protrusion 213 can absorb the energy of the impact and prevent the impact force from being transmitted to the pressure relief groove. 212, to reduce the impact of external impact on the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211, and to a certain extent, prevent the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 from being damaged due to external impact, that is, to prevent the battery from being damaged by external impact. When the internal pressure of the monomer 20 does not reach the detonation pressure, the pressure relief part 2111 is opened to ensure that the normal pressure relief function can be achieved.
  • the end cap 21 includes a plurality of first protrusions 213 .
  • the plurality of first protrusions 213 are protruding from the bottom wall of the pressure relief groove 212 and are sequentially provided around the outer periphery of the pressure relief groove 212 .
  • the end cap 21 includes a second protruding portion 215 , and the second protruding portion 215 is protruding from the inner surface 2113 .
  • the second protruding portion 215 corresponds to the position of the recessed portion 214 and is arranged around the pressure relief groove 212 .
  • the second protruding portion 215 is a protruding structure protruding from the inner surface 2113. It should be noted that the position of the second protruding portion 215 protruding from the inner surface 2113 corresponds to the position of the recessed portion 214 and the second protruding portion 215 Surrounded by pressure relief groove 212. Here, “the positions of the second protruding part 215 and the recessed part 214 correspond” means that the projection of the outline of the recessed part 214 falls within the range of the projection of the second protruding part 215 in the thickness direction.
  • the second protruding portion 215 and the first protruding portion 213 are respectively located on both sides of the pressure relief portion 2111 in the thickness direction.
  • the shape of the second protruding portion 215 is adapted to the shape of the recessed portion 214 .
  • the second protruding portion 215 surrounds the rectangular structure.
  • the arrangement of the recessed portion 214 makes the location of the recessed portion 214 susceptible to deformation due to external impact. Therefore, by providing the second protruding portion 215 corresponding to the position of the recessed portion 214 and surrounding the pressure relief groove 212 on the inner surface 2113, when the end cover 21 When receiving an external impact, the second protruding portion 215 can absorb the energy of the impact and prevent the impact force from being transmitted to the location of the pressure relief groove 212 to a certain extent, thereby reducing the impact of external impact on the location of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211. , to a certain extent, prevent the location of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 from being damaged due to external impact.
  • the length of the pressure relief portion 2111 in the second direction is greater than the length of the pressure relief portion 2111 in the first direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the thickness direction are two perpendicular to each other.
  • the second direction is the F direction shown in Figure 8.
  • the length of the pressure relief portion 2111 in the second direction is greater than the length of the pressure relief portion 2111 in the first direction, so that the pressure relief portion 2111 extends along the second direction and is generally elongated.
  • the second direction refers to the length direction of the pressure relief portion 2111
  • the first direction refers to the width direction of the pressure relief portion 2111.
  • the thickness direction of the pressure relief portion 2111 is the same as the thickness direction of the cover body 211.
  • the length of the pressure relief portion 2111 in the second direction is greater than the length in the first direction, so that the pressure relief portion 2111 has an elongated structure.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 has an arched cross-section in the first direction and the thickness direction. In this way, the pressure relief portion 2111 can deform when it is impacted by an external force, thereby well absorbing the energy of the impact and avoiding pressure relief on the cover body 211 The position where the groove 212 is located is damaged due to external impact.
  • the pressure relief groove 212 is a closed groove extending along a closed trajectory.
  • a closed trajectory is a trajectory that is connected at both ends, such as a rectangular trajectory, an elliptical trajectory, etc.
  • the cover body 211 can be processed along a closed trajectory to form the pressure relief groove 212 .
  • the pressure relief groove 212 is a closed groove. After the pressure relief part 2111 is opened, the cover body 211 can form a larger opening at a position corresponding to the pressure relief part 2111, thereby improving the pressure relief efficiency.
  • the pressure relief groove 212 includes a first groove section 2121 , a second groove section 2122 , a third groove section 2123 and a fourth groove section 2124 connected in sequence.
  • the first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123 are arranged oppositely, and the maximum distance between the first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123 is the first distance.
  • the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124 are arranged oppositely, and the minimum distance between the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124 is the second distance.
  • the second distance is greater than the first distance, and the first direction, the second direction and the thickness direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the first groove section 2121, the second groove section 2122, the third groove section 2123 and the fourth groove section 2124 are respectively the groove sections in which the pressure relief groove 212 is located in four different directions.
  • the first groove section 2121, the second groove section 2122, the third groove section 2123 and the fourth groove section 2124 can be linear grooves or arcuate grooves.
  • first groove section 2121, the second groove section 2122, the third groove section 2123 and the fourth groove section 2124 are linear grooves
  • the first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123 may be parallel or non-parallel
  • the second groove Segment 2122 and fourth groove segment 2124 may be parallel or non-parallel.
  • first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123 are arranged in parallel, the maximum distance and the minimum distance between the first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123 are equal. If the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124 are arranged in parallel, the maximum distance and the minimum distance between the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124 are equal to each other.
  • the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124 are the short sides of the pressure relief groove 212
  • the first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123 are the long sides of the pressure relief groove 212 .
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 defined by the pressure relief groove 212 has a large pressure relief area, has a simple structure, and is easy to be molded and manufactured.
  • first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123 are linear grooves; and/or the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124 are arc grooves.
  • the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124 can be bent in the same direction or in opposite directions.
  • the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124 can be bent in a direction close to each other, so that the center of the circle of the second groove section 2122 and the center of the fourth groove section 2124 are located outside the pressure relief portion 2111 .
  • the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124 can also be bent in a direction away from each other, and the center of the circle of the second groove section 2122 and the center of the fourth groove section 2124 are located in the pressure relief portion 2111.
  • the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124 are bent in directions away from each other, and the first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123 are straight lines extending along the second direction of the cover body 211 groove, the first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123 are both tangent to the second groove section 2122, and the first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123 are both tangent to the fourth groove section 2124, along the second direction,
  • the distance from the middle position of the second groove section 2122 to the middle position of the fourth groove section 2124 is the maximum distance between the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124, and the length of the first groove section 2121 is the second groove The minimum distance between segment 2122 and fourth groove segment 2124.
  • the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124 are arc grooves, and the cover body 211 forms a weak point at the middle position of the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section 2124.
  • the weak position is The initial opening position of the pressure relief part 2111 enables the pressure relief part 2111 to be opened in time when the explosion pressure inside the battery cell 20 is reached.
  • the first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123 are linear grooves extending along the second direction, so that the first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123 are arranged in parallel, and the cover body 211 is along the second groove section 2122 and the fourth groove section. After the groove section 2124 is split, it can be opened more easily along the first groove section 2121 and the third groove section 2123, thereby increasing the opening rate of the pressure relief portion 2111 and achieving rapid pressure relief.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view at position C-C in FIG. 5 .
  • the middle part of the pressure relief part 2111 is straight, and both ends have arc segments bent away from the opening direction (based on the middle part of the pressure relief part 2111, if the pressure relief groove is 212 is used as the reference, then the arc segment is an arc segment bent along the opening direction), and both ends of the pressure relief portion 2111 are connected to the pressure relief groove 212 respectively.
  • the length of the arc segment in the second direction matches the length of the second groove segment 2122 in the second direction.
  • the length of the straight portion in the middle of the pressure relief portion 2111 matches the length of the first groove section 2121 in the second direction.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the end cap 21 provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic top view of the end cap 21 provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view at position G-G in Figure 11.
  • the cover body 211 partially protrudes along the thickness direction to form a convex portion 2114, and the pressure relief groove 212 is provided in the convex portion 2114.
  • the cover body 211 partially protrudes along the thickness direction of the cover body 211 to form a convex portion 2114.
  • a recessed space is correspondingly formed on the side of the cover body 211 opposite to the convex portion 2114 in the thickness direction.
  • the components are conducive to improving the energy density of the battery cell 20.
  • it can improve the bending strength of the end cover 21 and improve the impact resistance of the end cover 21.
  • the pressure relief groove 212 is provided on the convex portion 2114, it is convenient for the pressure relief portion 2111 to be opened in time to relieve pressure when the battery cell 20 is thermally runaway.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 includes an electrode assembly 22, a casing 23 and the above-mentioned end cap 21.
  • the housing 23 has an accommodating space open at one end, and the accommodating space is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the end cap 21 is connected to the housing 23 and closes the opening.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery 100.
  • the battery 100 includes a box 10 and the above-mentioned battery cells 20.
  • the battery cells 20 are accommodated in the box 10.
  • the end cap 21 is disposed on a side of the battery cell 20 close to the bottom wall of the box 10 .
  • the bottom wall of the box 10 is the wall surface of the box 10 opposite to the open end of the box 10 .
  • the battery cell 20 is placed upside down in the box 10 .
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electrical device.
  • the electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery 100, and the battery 100 is used to provide electric energy.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an end cover 21.
  • the end cover 21 includes a cover body 211 and a pressure relief groove 212.
  • the cover body 211 has a pressure relief portion 2111.
  • the pressure relief groove 212 is provided on the cover body 211 , and the pressure relief groove 212 defines a pressure relief portion 2111 .
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 is bent along the thickness direction of the cover body 211 . Along the thickness direction, the pressure relief portion 2111 is bent toward its opening direction. Along the thickness direction, the pressure relief part 2111 has a first surface 21111.
  • the first surface 21111 and the pressure relief groove 212 are located on the same side of the pressure relief part 2111.
  • the first surface 21111 is an arc surface.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 has a second surface 21112 opposite to the first surface 21111.
  • the second surface 21112 is an arc surface, and the first surface 21111 and the second surface 21112 have the same curvature direction.
  • the cover body 211 is provided with a recess 214 which is recessed from the outer surface 2112 toward the inner surface 2113.
  • the pressure relief groove 212 is provided on the bottom wall of the recess 214.
  • the end cap 21 includes a first protruding portion 213 protruding from the bottom wall and surrounding the pressure relief groove 212 .
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 of the end cap 21 is bent along the thickness direction of the cover body 211.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 can deform along the bending direction to absorb the energy of the external impact to reduce the external impact.
  • the impact of the impact on the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 can, to a certain extent, prevent the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 from being damaged due to external impact, ensuring that the normal pressure relief function can be achieved, that is, preventing
  • the pressure relief part 2111 is opened to ensure the normal operation of the battery cell 20 .
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 is arranged to bend along the thickness direction toward its opening direction.
  • the pressure relief portion 2111 deforms along the opening direction, and the protrusions generated by the deformation of the pressure relief portion 2111 will not cause damage to the battery 100
  • the internal electrode assembly 22 is affected.
  • the first surface 21111 and the second surface 21112 are configured as arc surfaces so that they are easily deformed when subjected to external impact to absorb the energy of the external impact and reduce the impact of the external impact on the location of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211. Influence.
  • the recess 214 plays a role in thinning, so that the thickness of the cover body 211 where the pressure relief groove 212 is located is further increased. reduce.
  • the location of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 is more easily flushed open by the internal pressure, thereby achieving pressure relief.
  • the arrangement of the recess 214 makes it easier for the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 to be broken open by internal pressure, and at the same time, it is also easier to be broken open by external impact.
  • the first protrusion 213 can absorb the energy of the impact and prevent the impact force from being transmitted to the pressure relief groove. 212, to reduce the impact of external impact on the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211, to prevent the position of the pressure relief groove 212 on the cover body 211 from being damaged due to external impact, and to ensure that the normal pressure relief function can be achieved .

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备，涉及电池领域。端盖包括盖本体及泄压槽。盖本体具有泄压部，泄压槽设置于盖本体，泄压槽界定出泄压部。其中，泄压部沿盖本体的厚度方向弯曲。该端盖的泄压部沿着盖本体的厚度方向弯曲，在端盖受到外部冲击时，泄压部可沿着弯曲方向发生形变，进而吸收外部冲击的能量，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体上泄压槽所在位置的影响，在一定程度上避免盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损，保证能够实现正常的泄压功能，也即防止电池单体的内部压力未达到起爆压力时泄压部即打开，以保证电池单体的正常工作。

Description

端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体而言，涉及一种端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备。
背景技术
电池在新能源领域应用甚广，例如电动汽车、新能源汽车等，新能源汽车、电动汽车已经成为汽车产业的发展新趋势。电池的端盖上设置有用于在电池的内部压力达到起爆压力时泄放内部压力的泄压结构。然而，在电芯倒置的场景下，泄压结构常常提前打开，导致不能实现正常的泄压功能。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备，其旨在改善相关技术中泄压结构常常提前打开，导致不能实现正常的泄压功能的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种端盖，所述端盖包括盖本体及泄压槽，所述盖本体具有泄压部；所述泄压槽设置于所述盖本体，所述泄压槽界定出所述泄压部；其中，所述泄压部沿所述盖本体的厚度方向弯曲。
在上述技术方案中，该端盖的泄压部沿着盖本体的厚度方向弯曲，在端盖受到外部冲击时，泄压部可沿着弯曲方向发生形变，进而吸收外部冲击的能量，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体上泄压槽所在位置的影响，在一定程度上避免盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损，保证能够实现正常的泄压功能，也即防止电池单体的内部压力未达到起爆压力时泄压部即打开，以保证电池单体的正常工作。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，沿所述厚度方向，所述盖本体具有相对的内表面和外表面，所述泄压部沿所述内表面指向所述外表面的方向弯曲。
在上述技术方案中，将泄压部设置为沿内表面指向外表面的方向弯曲，也即泄压部朝向其打开方向弯曲，在端盖受到外部冲击时，泄压部沿着打开方向发生形变，泄压部形变产生的凸起不会对电池内的电极组件造成影响。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，沿所述厚度方向，所述泄压部具有第一表面，所述第一表面和所述泄压槽位于所述泄压部的同侧，所述第一表面为圆弧面。
在上述技术方案中，将第一表面设置为圆弧面，使其在受到外部冲击时易于发生形变，以吸收外部冲击的能量，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体上泄压槽所在位置的影响。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，沿所述厚度方向，所述泄压部具 有与所述第一表面相对的第二表面，所述第二表面为圆弧面，所述第一表面和所述第二表面的弯曲方向相同。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第二表面也设置为圆弧面，并使第二表面与第一表面的弯曲方向相同，使得泄压部形成一拱形结构，有利于吸收外部冲击，在一定程度上避免盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损，防止电池单体的内部压力未达到起爆压力时泄压部即打开，保证能够实现正常的泄压功能。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，在所述厚度方向上，所述盖本体具有相对的内表面和外表面，沿第一方向所述泄压部的两端到中间位置，所述泄压部到所述内表面在所述厚度方向上的距离逐渐增大，所述第一方向垂直于所述厚度方向。
在上述技术方案中，在厚度方向上，泄压部在第一方向上的两端相比于泄压部在第一方向的中间位置更加靠近内表面。也即在厚度方向上，泄压部在第一方向的中间位置相比于泄压部在第一方向上的两端更加远离内表面。由于沿第一方向所述泄压部的两端到中间位置，所述泄压部到所述内表面在所述厚度方向上的距离逐渐增大，因此泄压部在第一方向和厚度方向所确定的平面的截面呈拱形，能够很好的吸收外部冲击的能量。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖包括第一凸出部，所述第一凸出部凸设于所述外表面且环绕于所述泄压槽。
在上述技术方案中，通过在端盖上设置环绕泄压槽的第一凸出部，当端盖受到外部冲击时，第一凸出部可以吸收冲击的能量，防止冲击力传递至泄压槽所在的位置，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体上泄压槽所在位置的影响，在一定程度上避免盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损，防止电池单体的内部压力未达到起爆压力时泄压部即打开，保证能够实现正常的泄压功能。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述盖本体设有凹部，所述凹部从所述外表面向靠近所述内表面的方向凹陷，所述泄压槽设置于所述凹部的底壁。
在上述技术方案中，通过在端盖上开设凹部，并将泄压槽设置在凹部的底壁上，这样，凹部起到了减薄作用，使得盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置的厚度进一步降低。在电池的内部压力达到起爆压力时，盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置更容易被内部压力冲开，从而实现泄压。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖包括第一凸出部，所述第一凸出部凸设于所述底壁且环绕于所述泄压槽。
在上述技术方案中，凹部的设置使得盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置更容易被内部压力冲开，同时也更容易被外部冲击所冲开。因此，通过在底壁上设置环绕泄压槽的第一凸出部，当端盖受到外部冲击时，第一凸出部可以吸收冲击的能量，防止冲击力传递至泄压槽所在的位置，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体上泄压槽所在位置的影响，在一定程度上避免盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损，也即防止电池单体的内部压力未达到起爆压力时泄压部即打开，保证能够实现正常的泄压功能。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖包括第二凸出部，所述第二凸出部凸设于所述内表面，所述第二凸出部与所述凹部的位置相对应且环绕所述泄压槽布置。
在上述技术方案中，凹部的设置使得凹部所在的位置容易受到外部冲击而变形，因此，通过在内表面上设置与凹部位置相对应且环绕泄压槽的第二凸出部，当端盖受到外部冲击时，第二凸出部可以吸收冲击的能量，一定程度上防止冲击力传递至泄压槽所在的位置，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体上泄压槽所在位置的影响，一定程度上避免盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述泄压部在第二方向上的长度大于所述泄压部在所述第一方向上的长度，所述第一方向、所述第二方向和所述厚度方向两两垂直。
在上述技术方案中，泄压部在第二方向的长度大于其在第一方向的长度，使得泄压部呈长形结构。并且，泄压部在第一方向与厚度方向所在的截面呈拱形，这样，泄压部受到外部冲击时能够发生形变，进而很好地吸收冲击的能量，避免盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述泄压槽为沿首尾相连的封闭轨迹延伸的封闭槽。
在上述技术方案中，将泄压槽设置为封闭槽，这样，在电池的内部压力达到起爆压力时，内部压力可以从四周将盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置冲开，使得泄压更快速、容易。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述泄压槽包括依次连接的第一槽段、第二槽段、第三槽段和第四槽段；沿第一方向，所述第一槽段和所述第三槽段相对布置，所述第一槽段与所述第三槽段之间的最大距离为第一距离；沿第二方向，所述第二槽段和所述第四槽段相对布置，所述第二槽段与所述第四槽段之间的最小距离为第二距离；所述第二距离大于所述第一距离，所述第一方向、所述第二方向和所述厚度方向两两垂直。
在上述技术方案中，第一距离是第一槽段和第三槽段在第一方向上的最大距离，而第二距离是第二槽段和第四槽段在第二方向上的最小距离。第二槽段和第四槽段在第二方向上的最小距离大于第一槽段和第三槽段在第一方向上的最大距离，则表明第二槽段和第四槽段在第二方向上的距离大于第一槽段和第三槽段在第一方向上的距离。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述第一槽段和所述第三槽段为直线槽；和/或所述第二槽段和所述第四槽段为圆弧槽。
在上述技术方案中，将第一槽段和第三槽段设置为直线槽，将第二槽段和第四槽段设置为圆弧槽，可减小应力集中，在电池的内部压力达到起爆压力时，盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置更容易被内部压力冲开，从而实现泄压。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述盖本体局部沿所述厚度方向凸出形成凸部，所述泄压槽设置于所述凸部。
在上述技术方案中，盖本体局部沿盖本体的厚度方向凸出形成凸部，盖本体在其厚度方向上与凸部相对的一侧将对应形成凹陷空间，一方面，能够容纳电池单体内部的部件，有利于提升电池单体的能量密度，另一方面，能够提高端盖的抗弯强度，提高端盖的抗冲击能力。此外，由于泄压槽设置凸部，便于泄压部在电池单体热失控时及时打开泄压。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种电池单体，所述电池单体包括电极组件、壳体及上述的端盖，所述壳体具有一端开口的容纳空间，所述容纳空间用于容纳所述电极组件；所述端盖连接于所述壳体并封闭所述开口。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种电池，所述电池包括箱体及上述的电池单体，所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖设置于所述电池单体的靠近所述箱体的底壁的一侧。
在上述技术方案中，通过将端盖设置于电池单体的靠近箱体的底壁的一侧，即将电池单体倒置于箱体内。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种用电设备，所述用电设备包括上述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖的俯视示意图；
图6为图5中A-A位置的剖视图；
图7为图6中D位置的放大图；
图8为图5中B位置的放大图；
图9为图5中C-C位置的剖视图；
图10为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖的结构示意图；
图11为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖的俯视示意图；
图12为图11中G-G位置的剖视图。
图标：10-箱体；11-第一部分；12-第二部分；20-电池单体；21-端盖；211-盖本体；2111-泄压部；21111-第一表面；21112-第二表面；2112-外表面；2113-内表面；2114-凸部；212-泄压槽；2121-第一槽段；2122-第二槽段；2123-第三槽段；2124- 第四槽段；213-第一凸出部；214-凹部；215-第二凸出部；22-电极组件；23-壳体；100-电池；200-控制器；300-马达；1000-车辆。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的 电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。
对于电池单体来说，为保证电池单体的安全性，可以在电池单体的端盖上设置泄压结构，比如，在端盖上设置泄压槽，泄压槽限定出泄压部，在电池单体内部压力达到起爆压力时，泄压部打开，以泄放电池单体内部的压力，以降低电池单体爆炸、起火的风险。
发明人注意到，在电芯倒置的场景下，泄压结构常常提前打开，导致不能实现正常的泄压功能。
发明人进一步研究发现，在电芯倒置的场景下，端盖更容易受到外部冲击，外部冲击力容易传递至泄压结构所在的位置，进而使得泄压结构提前打开，导致不能实现正常的泄压功能。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种端盖，包括盖本体及泄压槽，泄压槽设置于盖本体，泄压槽界定出泄压部。其中，泄压部沿盖本体的厚度方向弯曲。
由于该端盖的泄压部沿着盖本体的厚度方向弯曲，在端盖受到外部冲击时，泄压部可沿着弯曲方向发生形变，进而吸收外部冲击的能量，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体上泄压槽所在位置的影响，在一定程度上避免盖本体上泄压槽所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损，保证能够实现正常的泄压功能，也即防止电池单体的内部压力未达到起爆压力时泄压部即打开，以保证电池单体的正常工作。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具 和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。其中，箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，第一部分11和第二部分12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第二部分12可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分11可以为板状结构，第一部分11盖合于第二部分12的开口侧，以使第一部分11与第二部分12共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分11的开口侧盖合于第二部分12的开口侧。当然，第一部分11和第二部分12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池单体或一次电池单体；还可以是锂硫电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的分解结构示意图。电池单体20是指组成电池100的最小单元。如图3，电池单体20包括有端盖21、电极组件22、壳体23以及其他的功能性部件。
端盖21是指盖合于壳体23的开口处以将电池单体20的内部环境隔绝于外 部环境的部件。不限地，端盖21的形状可以与壳体23的形状相适应以配合壳体23。可选地，端盖21可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖21在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体20能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖21上可以设置有如电极端子(图中未示出)等的功能性部件。电极端子可以用于与电极组件22电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能。端盖21的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖21的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体23内的电连接部件与端盖21，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体23是用于配合端盖21以形成电池单体20的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件22、电解液以及其他部件。壳体23和端盖21可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体23上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖21盖合开口以形成电池单体20的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖21和壳体23一体化，具体地，端盖21和壳体23可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体23的内部时，再使端盖21盖合壳体23。壳体23可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体23的形状可以根据电极组件22的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体23的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件22是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体23内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件22。电极组件22主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔离膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件22的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池100的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接电极端子以形成电流回路。
请参照图4、图5、图6和图7，图4为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖21的结构示意图。图5为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖21的俯视示意图。图6为图5中A-A位置的剖视图。图7为图6中D位置的放大图。本申请一些实施例提供了一种端盖21，端盖21包括盖本体211及泄压槽212。盖本体211具有泄压部2111，泄压槽212设置于盖本体211，泄压槽212界定出泄压部2111。其中，泄压部2111沿盖本体211的厚度方向弯曲。
盖本体211是端盖21的主体结构，主要用于封闭壳体23的开口。盖本体211的形状与壳体23的开口的形状相适应。例如，壳体23的开口为长方形时，盖本体211的形状也为长方形。壳体23的开口为圆形时，盖本体211的形状也为圆形。
泄压槽212可以通过多种方式成型，比如，冲压成型、铣削成型等。泄压槽212可以设置于盖本体211面向于壳体23内部的表面，也可以设置于盖本体211背离壳体23的表面。以盖本体211为长方形平板结构为例，盖本体211在厚度方向具有相对的内表面2113和外表面2112，盖本体211的内表面2113面向壳体23的内部，盖 本体211的外表面2112背离壳体23设置，泄压槽212可以设置于盖本体211的内表面2113，也可以设置于盖本体211的外表面2112。
泄压槽212可以是从盖本体211的表面沿盖本体211的厚度方向(如图7中所示的H方向)凹陷的凹槽，泄压部2111则为盖本体211由凹槽的内侧面界定出来的部分。以凹槽的内侧面为长方形为例，泄压部2111为盖本体211由泄压槽212的内侧面界定出来的长方形部分。泄压槽212也可以是沿弯折轨迹延伸的线形槽，比如，弯折轨迹为U形轨迹，泄压部2111则为盖本体211由弯折轨迹界定出来的U形部分。再如，弯折轨迹为长方形轨迹，泄压部2111则为盖本体211由弯折轨迹界定出来的长方形部分。若泄压槽212为沿弯折轨迹延伸的线形槽，在电池单体20内部压力达到起爆压力时，泄压部2111可以是以泄压槽212为边界打开，以泄放电池单体20内部的压力。
“泄压部2111沿着盖本体211的厚度方向弯曲”是指以泄压部2111的端部(泄压部2111中靠近泄压槽212的部分)为基准，泄压部2111的中部沿着盖本体211的厚度方向向外凸出或者向内凹陷，使得泄压部2111的中部在厚度方向上低于或者高于泄压部2111的端部。需要说明的是，“泄压部2111沿着盖本体211的厚度方向弯曲”既包括泄压部2111在厚度方向上的一个表面沿着盖本体211的厚度方向弯曲，也包括泄压部2111在厚度方向上的两个表面均沿着盖本体211的厚度方向弯曲。
该端盖21的泄压部2111沿着盖本体211的厚度方向弯曲，在端盖21受到外部冲击时，泄压部2111可沿着弯曲方向发生形变，进而吸收外部冲击的能量，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体211上泄压槽212所在位置的影响，在一定程度上避免盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损，保证能够实现正常的泄压功能，也即防止电池单体20的内部压力未达到起爆压力时泄压部2111即打开，以保证电池单体20的正常工作。
在一些实施例中，沿厚度方向，盖本体211具有相对的内表面2113和外表面2112，泄压部2111沿内表面2113指向外表面2112的方向弯曲。
沿厚度方向，盖本体211具有相对的内表面2113和外表面2112，其中，内表面2113靠近壳体23，外表面2112远离壳体23，泄压部2111沿着内表面2113指向外表面2112的方向弯曲。
将泄压部2111设置为沿内表面2113指向外表面2112的方向弯曲，也即泄压部2111朝向其打开方向弯曲，在端盖21受到外部冲击时，泄压部2111沿着打开方向发生形变，泄压部2111形变产生的凸起不会对电池100内的电极组件22造成影响，避免泄压部2111形变时损坏电极组件22。另外，泄压部2111设置为沿厚度方向朝向其打开方向弯曲，降低了对电池单体20的内部空间(端盖21与壳体23围成的空间)的占用，有利于提升能量密度。
在另一些实施例中，沿厚度方向，泄压部2111朝向背离其打开方向的方向弯曲。这样，泄压部2111不会凸出于盖本体211的外表面2112，不易与其他结构相顶而造成其他结构应力集中。
请参照图7，在一些实施例中，沿厚度方向，泄压部2111具有第一表面 21111，第一表面21111和泄压槽212位于泄压部2111的同侧。第一表面21111为圆弧面。
沿着厚度方向，泄压部2111具有相对的第一表面21111和第二表面21112，其中，第一表面21111与泄压槽212位于泄压部2111的同一侧，第二表面21112与泄压槽212位于泄压部2111的两侧。以泄压槽212开设于盖本体211的外表面2112为例，沿厚度方向，第一表面21111是泄压部2111上远离壳体23的表面。又如，若泄压槽212开设于盖本体211的内表面2113，沿厚度方向第一表面21111是泄压部2111上靠近壳体23的表面。
将第一表面21111设置为圆弧面，使其在受到外部冲击时易于发生形变，以吸收外部冲击的能量，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体211上泄压槽212所在位置的影响。
在另一些实施例中，第一表面21111为沿抛物线轨迹延伸的弧面。
在一些实施例中，沿厚度方向，泄压部2111具有与第一表面21111相对的第二表面21112。第二表面21112为圆弧面，第一表面21111和第二表面21112的弯曲方向相同。
沿厚度方向，第一表面21111与泄压槽212位于泄压部2111的同一侧，第二表面21112与泄压槽212位于泄压部2111的两侧。以泄压槽212开设于盖本体211的外表面2112为例，沿厚度方向，第二表面21112是泄压部2111上靠近壳体23的表面。又如，若泄压槽212开设于盖本体211的内表面2113，沿厚度方向，第二表面21112是泄压部2111上远离壳体23的表面。
通过将第二表面21112也设置为圆弧面，并使第二表面21112与第一表面21111的弯曲方向相同，使得泄压部2111形成一拱形结构，有利于吸收外部冲击，在一定程度上避免盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损，防止电池单体20的内部压力未达到起爆压力时泄压部2111即打开，保证能够实现正常的泄压功能。
在另一些实施例中，第二表面21112为平面，第二表面21112与盖本体211的内表面2113相平齐。这样，只需要将泄压部2111的第一表面21111加工为圆弧面，能够简化制造，方便加工。
请参照图7，在一些实施例中，在厚度方向上，盖本体211具有相对的内表面2113和外表面2112。沿第一方向泄压部2111的两端到中间位置，泄压部2111到内表面2113在厚度方向上的距离逐渐增大。第一方向垂直于厚度方向。
内表面2113是指盖本体211上靠近壳体23的表面，外表面2112是指盖本体211上远离壳体23的表面。内表面2113指向外表面2112的方向也即泄压部2111的打开方向。
第一方向垂直于厚度方向，例如，请参照图7，第一方向为图中所示的E方向。
沿第一方向，泄压部2111的两端靠近于泄压槽212，泄压部2111的中间位置远离泄压槽212。
“沿第一方向泄压部2111的两端到中间位置，泄压部2111到内表面2113在厚度方向上的距离逐渐增大”也即是在第一方向上，从泄压部2111靠近泄压槽212的位置到泄压部2111远离泄压槽212的位置，泄压部2111的第二表面21112到内表面2113在厚度方向上的距离逐渐增大。
在厚度方向上，泄压部2111在第一方向上的两端相比于泄压部2111在第一方向的中间位置更加靠近内表面2113。也即在厚度方向上，泄压部2111在第一方向的中间位置相比于泄压部2111在第一方向上的两端更加远离内表面2113。由于沿第一方向泄压部2111的两端到中间位置，泄压部2111到内表面2113在厚度方向上的距离逐渐增大，因此泄压部2111在第一方向和厚度方向所确定的平面的截面呈拱形，能够很好的吸收外部冲击的能量。
在一些实施例中，端盖21包括第一凸出部213，第一凸出部213凸设于外表面2112且环绕于泄压槽212。
第一凸出部213为凸出于外表面2112且环绕泄压槽212设置的凸起结构。例如，第一凸出部213围成跑道形，泄压槽212位于跑道形的内圈范围内。又如，第一凸出部213围成矩形。泄压槽212位于第一凸出部213的内侧。再举例来说，若泄压槽212为沿U形轨迹延伸的U形槽，则第一凸出部213可以相应形成沿着U形轨迹延伸的U形凸起，将泄压槽212环抱于第一凸出部213的内侧。
通过在端盖21上设置环绕泄压槽212的第一凸出部213，当端盖21受到外部冲击时，第一凸出部213可以吸收冲击的能量，防止冲击力传递至泄压槽212所在的位置，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体211上泄压槽212所在位置的影响，在一定程度上避免盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损，防止电池单体20的内部压力未达到起爆压力时泄压部2111即打开，保证能够实现正常的泄压功能。
在一些实施例中，端盖21包括多个第一凸出部213，多个第一凸出部213凸设于外表面2112且依次环绕设置于泄压槽212的外周。通过设置多个第一凸出部213，提升吸收冲击能量的效果，防止冲击力传递至泄压槽212所在的位置，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体211上泄压槽212所在位置的影响。
请参照图7，在一些实施例中，盖本体211设有凹部214，凹部214从外表面2112向靠近内表面2113的方向凹陷。泄压槽212设置于凹部214的底壁。
凹部214是指贯穿盖本体211的外表面2112并沿着从外表面2112指向内表面2113的方向延伸的槽型结构。凹部214的形状不作限制，例如，凹部214既可以是长方形，也可以是圆形。
“泄压槽212设置于凹部214的底壁”是指泄压槽212从底壁开始，贯穿凹部214的底壁，并沿着厚度方向向内表面2113延伸。
通过在端盖21上开设凹部214，并将泄压槽212设置在凹部214的底壁上，这样，凹部214起到了减薄作用，使得盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置的厚度进一步降低。在电池100的内部压力达到起爆压力时，盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置更容易被内部压力冲开，从而实现泄压。
请参照图7，在一些实施例中，端盖21包括第一凸出部213，第一凸出部 213凸设于底壁且环绕于泄压槽212。
第一凸出部213为凸出于凹部214的底壁且环绕泄压槽212设置的凸起结构。例如，第一凸出部213围成跑道形，泄压槽212位于跑道形的内圈范围内。又如，第一凸出部213围成矩形。泄压槽212位于第一凸出部213的内侧。再举例来说，若泄压槽212为沿U形轨迹延伸的U形槽，则第一凸出部213可以相应形成沿着U形轨迹延伸的U形凸起，将泄压槽212环抱于第一凸出部213的内侧。
凹部214的设置使得盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置更容易被内部压力冲开，同时也更容易被外部冲击所冲开。因此，通过在底壁上设置环绕泄压槽212的第一凸出部213，当端盖21受到外部冲击时，第一凸出部213可以吸收冲击的能量，防止冲击力传递至泄压槽212所在的位置，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体211上泄压槽212所在位置的影响，在一定程度上避免盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损，也即防止电池单体20的内部压力未达到起爆压力时泄压部2111即打开，保证能够实现正常的泄压功能。
在一些实施例中，端盖21包括多个第一凸出部213，多个第一凸出部213凸设于泄压槽212的底壁且依次环绕设置于泄压槽212的外周。通过设置多个第一凸出部213，提升吸收冲击能量的效果，防止冲击力传递至泄压槽212所在的位置，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体211上泄压槽212所在位置的影响。
请参照图7，在一些实施例中，端盖21包括第二凸出部215，第二凸出部215凸设于内表面2113。第二凸出部215与凹部214的位置相对应且环绕泄压槽212布置。
第二凸出部215为凸出于内表面2113的凸起结构，需要注意是，第二凸出部215凸设于内表面2113的位置与凹部214的位置相对应并且第二凸出部215环绕于泄压槽212。这里，“第二凸出部215与凹部214的位置相对应”是指在厚度方向上，凹部214的轮廓的投影落在第二凸出部215的投影的范围内。
第二凸出部215和第一凸出部213分别位于泄压部2111在厚度方向上的两侧。第二凸出部215的形状与凹部214的形状相适应。例如，凹部214为长方形槽，则第二凸出部215围成长方形结构。
凹部214的设置使得凹部214所在的位置容易受到外部冲击而变形，因此，通过在内表面2113上设置与凹部214位置相对应且环绕泄压槽212的第二凸出部215，当端盖21受到外部冲击时，第二凸出部215可以吸收冲击的能量，一定程度上防止冲击力传递至泄压槽212所在的位置，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体211上泄压槽212所在位置的影响，一定程度上避免盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损。
请参照图8，图8为图5中B位置的放大图。在一些实施例中，泄压部2111在第二方向上的长度大于泄压部2111在第一方向上的长度，第一方向、第二方向和厚度方向两两垂直。
请参照图8，第二方向为图8中所示的F方向。这里，泄压部2111在第二方向上的长度大于泄压部2111在第一方向上的长度，使得泄压部2111沿着第二方向 延伸，大致呈长条形。可以理解的，第二方向是指泄压部2111的长度方向，而第一方向是指泄压部2111的宽度方向，泄压部2111的厚度方向与盖本体211的厚度方向相同。
泄压部2111在第二方向的长度大于其在第一方向的长度，使得泄压部2111呈长形结构。并且，泄压部2111在第一方向与厚度方向所在的截面呈拱形，这样，泄压部2111受到外部冲击时能够发生形变，进而很好地吸收冲击的能量，避免盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损。
请参照图8，在一些实施例中，泄压槽212为沿封闭轨迹延伸的封闭槽。
封闭轨迹即为首尾两端相连的轨迹，比如长方形轨迹、椭圆形轨迹等。在以通过铣削的方式成型泄压槽212为例，可以沿着封闭轨迹对盖本体211进行加工，以形成泄压槽212。
在本实施例中，泄压槽212为封闭槽，在泄压部2111打开后，盖本体211能够在对应泄压部2111的位置形成较大的开口部，提高泄压效率。
请参照图8，在一些实施例中，泄压槽212包括依次连接的第一槽段2121、第二槽段2122、第三槽段2123和第四槽段2124。沿第一方向，第一槽段2121和第三槽段2123相对布置，第一槽段2121与第三槽段2123之间的最大距离为第一距离。沿第二方向，第二槽段2122和第四槽段2124相对布置，第二槽段2122与第四槽段2124之间的最小距离为第二距离。第二距离大于第一距离，第一方向、第二方向和厚度方向两两垂直。
第一槽段2121、第二槽段2122、第三槽段2123和第四槽段2124分别为泄压槽212位于四个不同方位的槽段。本实施例中，对第一槽段2121、第二槽段2122、第三槽段2123和第四槽段2124的形状不作特殊限制。比如，第一槽段2121、第二槽段2122、第三槽段2123和第四槽段2124可以是直线槽，也可以是圆弧槽。若第一槽段2121、第二槽段2122、第三槽段2123和第四槽段2124为直线槽，第一槽段2121和第三槽段2123可以平行，也可以不平行，第二槽段2122和第四槽段2124可以平行，也可以不平行。
若第一槽段2121与第三槽段2123平行设置，第一槽段2121与第三槽段2123之间的最大距离与最小距离相等。若第二槽段2122与第四槽段2124平行设置，第二槽段2122与第四槽段2124之间的最大距离与最小距离相等。
第二槽段2122和第四槽段2124为泄压槽212的短边，第一槽段2121和第三槽段2123为泄压槽212的长边。
在本实施例中，泄压槽212界定出来的泄压部2111具有较大的泄压面积，结构简单，易于成型制造。
请参照图8，在一些实施例中，第一槽段2121和第三槽段2123为直线槽；和/或第二槽段2122和第四槽段2124为圆弧槽。
第二槽段2122和第四槽段2124可以向相同的方向弯曲，也可以向相反的方向弯曲。第二槽段2122和第四槽段2124可以向彼此靠近的方向弯曲，使得第二槽段2122的圆心和第四槽段2124的圆心位于泄压部2111外。第二槽段2122和第四槽 段2124也可以向彼此远离的方向弯曲，第二槽段2122的圆心和第四槽段2124的圆心位于泄压部2111内。
示例性的，在图8中，第二槽段2122和第四槽段2124向彼此远离的方向弯曲，第一槽段2121和第三槽段2123为沿盖本体211的第二方向延伸的直线槽，第一槽段2121和第三槽段2123均与第二槽段2122相切，且第一槽段2121和第三槽段2123均与第四槽段2124相切，沿第二方向，第二槽段2122的中间位置到第四槽段2124的中间位置的距离即为第二槽段2122与第四槽段2124之间的最大距离，第一槽段2121的长度即为第二槽段2122与第四槽段2124之间的最小距离。
在本实施例中，第二槽段2122和第四槽段2124为圆弧槽，盖本体211在第二槽段2122的中间位置和第四槽段2124的中间位置形成薄弱位置，薄弱位置为泄压部2111的最先开启位置，使得泄压部2111在电池单体20内部达到起爆压力时能够及时打开。第一槽段2121和第三槽段2123均为沿第二方向延伸的直线槽，使得第一槽段2121和第三槽段2123平行设置，盖本体211沿着第二槽段2122和第四槽段2124裂开后，能够更为容易地沿着第一槽段2121和第三槽段2123打开，提高泄压部2111的打开速率，实现快速泄压。
请参照图9，图9为图5中C-C位置的剖视图。在一些实施例中，沿第二方向，泄压部2111的中部平直，两端具有沿背离打开方向弯曲的圆弧段(以泄压部2111的中部为基准来看，若是以泄压槽212为基准，则圆弧段是沿着打开方向弯曲的圆弧段)，泄压部2111的两端分别与泄压槽212相连。圆弧段在第二方向上的长度与第二槽段2122在第二方向上的长度相匹配。泄压部2111的中部的平直部分的长度与第一槽段2121在第二方向上的长度相匹配。
请参照图10、图11和图12，图10为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖21的结构示意图。图11为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖21的俯视示意图。图12为图11中G-G位置的剖视图。在另一些实施例中，盖本体211局部沿厚度方向凸出形成凸部2114，泄压槽212设置于凸部2114。
盖本体211局部沿盖本体211的厚度方向凸出形成凸部2114，盖本体211在其厚度方向上与凸部2114相对的一侧将对应形成凹陷空间，一方面，能够容纳电池单体20内部的部件，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度，另一方面，能够提高端盖21的抗弯强度，提高端盖21的抗冲击能力。此外，由于泄压槽212设置于凸部2114，便于泄压部2111在电池单体20热失控时及时打开泄压。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池单体20，电池单体20包括电极组件22、壳体23及上述的端盖21。壳体23具有一端开口的容纳空间，容纳空间用于容纳电极组件22。端盖21连接于壳体23并封闭开口。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池100，电池100包括箱体10及上述的电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。
在一些实施例中，端盖21设置于电池单体20的靠近箱体10的底壁的一侧。
箱体10的底壁即箱体10上与箱体10的开口端相对的壁面。
通过将端盖21设置于电池单体20的靠近箱体10的底壁的一侧，即将电池单体20倒置于箱体10内。
本申请实施例还提供了一种用电设备，用电设备包括上述的电池100，电池100用于提供电能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图4～图7。
本申请实施例提供了一种端盖21，端盖21包括盖本体211及泄压槽212，盖本体211具有泄压部2111。泄压槽212设置于盖本体211，泄压槽212界定出泄压部2111。其中，泄压部2111沿盖本体211的厚度方向弯曲。沿厚度方向，泄压部2111朝向其打开方向弯曲。沿厚度方向，泄压部2111具有第一表面21111，第一表面21111和泄压槽212位于泄压部2111的同侧，第一表面21111为圆弧面。沿厚度方向，泄压部2111具有与第一表面21111相对的第二表面21112，第二表面21112为圆弧面，第一表面21111和第二表面21112的弯曲方向相同。盖本体211设有凹部214，凹部214从外表面2112向靠近内表面2113的方向凹陷，泄压槽212设置于凹部214的底壁。端盖21包括第一凸出部213，第一凸出部213凸设于底壁且环绕于泄压槽212。
该端盖21的泄压部2111沿着盖本体211的厚度方向弯曲，在端盖21受到外部冲击时，泄压部2111可沿着弯曲方向发生形变，进而吸收外部冲击的能量，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体211上泄压槽212所在位置的影响，在一定程度上避免盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损，保证能够实现正常的泄压功能，也即防止电池单体20的内部压力未达到起爆压力时泄压部2111即打开，以保证电池单体20的正常工作。将泄压部2111设置为沿厚度方向朝向其打开方向弯曲，在端盖21受到外部冲击时，泄压部2111沿着打开方向发生形变，泄压部2111形变产生的凸起不会对电池100内的电极组件22造成影响。将第一表面21111和第二表面21112设置为圆弧面，使其在受到外部冲击时易于发生形变，以吸收外部冲击的能量，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体211上泄压槽212所在位置的影响。
通过在端盖21上开设凹部214，并将泄压槽212设置在凹部214的底壁上，这样，凹部214起到了减薄作用，使得盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置的厚度进一步降低。在电池100的内部压力达到起爆压力时，盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置更容易被内部压力冲开，从而实现泄压。凹部214的设置使得盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置更容易被内部压力冲开，同时也更容易被外部冲击所冲开。因此，通过在底壁上设置环绕泄压槽212的第一凸出部213，当端盖21受到外部冲击时，第一凸出部213可以吸收冲击的能量，防止冲击力传递至泄压槽212所在的位置，以降低外部冲击对于盖本体211上泄压槽212所在位置的影响，避免盖本体211上泄压槽212所在的位置因受到外部冲击而破损，保证能够实现正常的泄压功能。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种端盖，其特征在于，包括：
    盖本体，具有泄压部；
    泄压槽，设置于所述盖本体，所述泄压槽界定出所述泄压部；
    其中，所述泄压部沿所述盖本体的厚度方向弯曲。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述端盖，其特征在于，沿所述厚度方向，所述盖本体具有相对的内表面和外表面，所述泄压部沿所述内表面指向所述外表面的方向弯曲。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述端盖，其特征在于，沿所述厚度方向，所述泄压部具有第一表面，所述第一表面和所述泄压槽位于所述泄压部的同侧，所述第一表面为圆弧面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述端盖，其特征在于，沿所述厚度方向，所述泄压部具有与所述第一表面相对的第二表面，所述第二表面为圆弧面，所述第一表面和所述第二表面的弯曲方向相同。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述端盖，其特征在于，在所述厚度方向上，所述盖本体具有相对的内表面和外表面，沿第一方向所述泄压部的两端到中间位置，所述泄压部到所述内表面在所述厚度方向上的距离逐渐增大，所述第一方向垂直于所述厚度方向。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述端盖，其特征在于，所述端盖包括第一凸出部，所述第一凸出部凸设于所述外表面且环绕于所述泄压槽。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述端盖，其特征在于，所述盖本体设有凹部，所述凹部从所述外表面向靠近所述内表面的方向凹陷，所述泄压槽设置于所述凹部的底壁。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述端盖，其特征在于，所述端盖包括第一凸出部，所述第一凸出部凸设于所述底壁且环绕于所述泄压槽。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述端盖，其特征在于，所述端盖包括第二凸出部，所述第二凸出部凸设于所述内表面，所述第二凸出部与所述凹部的位置相对应且环绕所述泄压槽布置。
  10. 根据权利要求5-9任一项所述端盖，其特征在于，所述泄压部在第二方向上的长度大于所述泄压部在所述第一方向上的长度，所述第一方向、所述第二方向和所述厚度方向两两垂直。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述端盖，其特征在于，所述泄压槽为沿首尾相连的封闭轨迹延伸的封闭槽。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述端盖，其特征在于，所述泄压槽包括依次连接的第一槽段、第二槽段、第三槽段和第四槽段；
    沿第一方向，所述第一槽段和所述第三槽段相对布置，所述第一槽段与所述第三槽段之间的最大距离为第一距离；
    沿第二方向，所述第二槽段和所述第四槽段相对布置，所述第二槽段与所述第四槽段之间的最小距离为第二距离；
    所述第二距离大于所述第一距离，所述第一方向、所述第二方向和所述厚度方向 两两垂直。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述端盖，其特征在于，所述第一槽段和所述第三槽段为直线槽；和/或
    所述第二槽段和所述第四槽段为圆弧槽。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述端盖，其特征在于，所述盖本体局部沿所述厚度方向凸出形成凸部，所述泄压槽设置于所述凸部。
  15. 一种电池单体，其特征在于，包括：
    电极组件；
    壳体，具有一端开口的容纳空间，所述容纳空间用于容纳所述电极组件；
    根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的端盖，所述端盖连接于所述壳体并封闭所述开口。
  16. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括：
    箱体；
    根据权利要求15所述的电池单体，所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述电池，其特征在于，所述端盖设置于所述电池单体的靠近所述箱体的底壁的一侧。
  18. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求16-17任一项所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/093136 2022-05-16 2022-05-16 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备 WO2023220886A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/093136 WO2023220886A1 (zh) 2022-05-16 2022-05-16 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备
EP22929208.1A EP4300691A1 (en) 2022-05-16 2022-05-16 End cover, battery cell, battery, and electric device
CN202280006794.5A CN117413423A (zh) 2022-05-16 2022-05-16 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备
US18/223,549 US20230369711A1 (en) 2022-05-16 2023-07-19 End cap, battery cell, battery and power consuming device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/093136 WO2023220886A1 (zh) 2022-05-16 2022-05-16 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/223,549 Continuation US20230369711A1 (en) 2022-05-16 2023-07-19 End cap, battery cell, battery and power consuming device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023220886A1 true WO2023220886A1 (zh) 2023-11-23

Family

ID=88698403

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/093136 WO2023220886A1 (zh) 2022-05-16 2022-05-16 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20230369711A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4300691A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN117413423A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023220886A1 (zh)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202395055U (zh) * 2011-11-03 2012-08-22 中山天贸电池有限公司 带有防爆装置的锂离子电池
CN108428836A (zh) * 2018-01-09 2018-08-21 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 二次电池顶盖用防爆阀、顶盖组件、二次电池及汽车
CN208460852U (zh) * 2018-03-30 2019-02-01 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 防爆膜及二次电池顶盖
CN112713345A (zh) * 2021-03-26 2021-04-27 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 电池单体、电池、用电装置、制造方法及制造设备

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202395055U (zh) * 2011-11-03 2012-08-22 中山天贸电池有限公司 带有防爆装置的锂离子电池
CN108428836A (zh) * 2018-01-09 2018-08-21 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 二次电池顶盖用防爆阀、顶盖组件、二次电池及汽车
CN208460852U (zh) * 2018-03-30 2019-02-01 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 防爆膜及二次电池顶盖
CN112713345A (zh) * 2021-03-26 2021-04-27 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 电池单体、电池、用电装置、制造方法及制造设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN117413423A (zh) 2024-01-16
US20230369711A1 (en) 2023-11-16
EP4300691A1 (en) 2024-01-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20240079693A1 (en) End cover assembly, battery cell, battery, and electrical apparatus
WO2023098258A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
US11757161B2 (en) Battery cell, battery and electricity consuming device
WO2023174266A1 (zh) 壳体、电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023185327A1 (zh) 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备
US20230223644A1 (en) Pressure relief apparatus, battery cell, battery, and electrical device
US20230223642A1 (en) Pressure relief apparatus, battery cell, battery, and electrical device
WO2023133777A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备
WO2023220886A1 (zh) 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023220885A1 (zh) 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023220887A1 (zh) 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023240551A1 (zh) 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023220881A1 (zh) 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2024040530A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023245430A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN217719868U (zh) 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2024055308A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023240553A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN217788574U (zh) 端盖、电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023184110A1 (zh) 外壳、电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2024077557A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023159640A1 (zh) 外壳、电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2024055310A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023206451A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023173416A1 (zh) 泄压机构、电池单体、电池及用电设备

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202280006794.5

Country of ref document: CN

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2022929208

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20230906