WO2023240551A1 - 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 - Google Patents

端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023240551A1
WO2023240551A1 PCT/CN2022/099228 CN2022099228W WO2023240551A1 WO 2023240551 A1 WO2023240551 A1 WO 2023240551A1 CN 2022099228 W CN2022099228 W CN 2022099228W WO 2023240551 A1 WO2023240551 A1 WO 2023240551A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cap
reinforcing
cap assembly
groove
battery
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PCT/CN2022/099228
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周文林
徐良帆
杨道伟
周健
李全坤
王鹏
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/099228 priority Critical patent/WO2023240551A1/zh
Priority to CN202280061934.9A priority patent/CN117941132A/zh
Publication of WO2023240551A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023240551A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, specifically, to an end cover assembly, a battery cell, a battery and electrical equipment.
  • the battery cell includes an end cover, an electrode assembly and a casing.
  • the end cover and the casing cooperate to form the internal environment of the battery cell, and the electrode assembly is accommodated in the internal environment.
  • the electrode assembly is often damaged, leading to the failure of the battery cell.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an end cap assembly, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which is intended to alleviate the problem in the related art that the electrode assembly is often damaged when the battery cell is inverted.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an end cap assembly.
  • the end cap assembly includes an end cap, a groove and a reinforcing part.
  • the end cap has a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely arranged along its thickness direction.
  • the groove is recessed from the first surface toward the direction close to the second surface; the reinforcing portion is protruding from the first surface and/or the second surface and is arranged around the groove .
  • the end cover assembly strengthens the strength and rigidity of the end cover by arranging a reinforcing part on the end cover, and improves the impact resistance of the end cover, so that the deformation amount of the end cover is smaller when it is impacted.
  • the end cap assembly reduces the weight of the end cap by arranging grooves on the end cap, so that the weight of the end cap before and after the reinforcement is not much different or the same. By arranging the reinforcing part around the groove, the rigidity and strength of the location where the groove is provided can be reinforced, thereby improving the strength and rigidity of the end cover assembly without significantly increasing its weight.
  • the distance between the first surface and the second surface is D, and the distance between the bottom surface of the groove and the first surface
  • the distance is d, which satisfies: 0.1 ⁇ d/D ⁇ 0.6.
  • the distance between the first surface and the second surface along the thickness direction can also be understood as the thickness of the end cap.
  • the distance between the bottom surface of the groove and the first surface can also be understood as the depth of the groove.
  • the depth of the groove is 0.1 to 0.6 times the thickness of the end cover. In this way, it not only has a good weight reduction effect, but also does not significantly weaken the strength of the end cover. If d/D ⁇ 0.1, the depth of the groove is shallow and the weight reduction effect is poor. If d/D>0.6, the depth of the groove is large and the strength of the end cap is greatly weakened, so that even if a reinforcing part is provided, the strength of the end cap is poor.
  • the end cap is provided with a convex part and a concave part, the convex part is protruding from the second surface, and the concave part is directed from the first surface to the close to the The direction of the second surface is concave, and the concave portion is provided corresponding to the convex portion; along the thickness direction, the projections of the convex portion and the reinforcing portion on the end cap do not overlap.
  • the concave portion can accommodate the internal components of the battery cell, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the battery cell.
  • Energy density on the other hand, the convex portion can improve the bending strength of the end cover and improve the impact resistance of the end cover.
  • the projections of the reinforcing parts and the convex parts on the end cap along the thickness direction do not overlap, that is, the reinforcing parts and the convex parts are spaced or staggered in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction to respectively enhance the strength and stiffness of different positions of the end cap. , improve the impact resistance of the end cover to alleviate the problem of end cover deformation and damage to the electrode assembly.
  • the end cap assembly includes an electrode terminal, and the electrode terminal is provided on the convex portion.
  • the electrode terminals can be electrically connected to the electrode components in the battery cells, and the electrode terminals are arranged on the convex portions so as to accommodate the electrode components in the concave portions, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery cells.
  • the convex portion has strong impact resistance, the electrode terminal is disposed there, and the electrode terminal is not easily damaged due to deformation of the end cover.
  • the reinforcing parts are provided on both sides of the convex part along the first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction.
  • reinforcing parts are provided on both sides of the convex part along the first direction, which is conducive to enhancing the strength and rigidity of the end cover, improving the impact resistance of the end cover, and improving the shape of the end cover when it is impacted.
  • the variables are small to alleviate the problem of end cap deformation and damage to the electrode assembly.
  • the first direction is the length direction of the end cap.
  • the length direction of the end cover is more susceptible to deformation due to impact.
  • the resistance of the end cover in the length direction is enhanced. Impact capability to alleviate the problem of end cap deformation and damage to electrode components.
  • the end cover assembly includes a pressure relief mechanism, and the pressure relief mechanism is provided on the end cover.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is provided on the end cover.
  • the pressure relief mechanism and the reinforcement The projection of the parts on the end cap does not overlap.
  • the pressure relief mechanism can be opened when the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches the detonation pressure to release the internal pressure of the battery cell.
  • the reinforcement part is a continuous structure provided along the circumferential direction of the groove.
  • the reinforcing part is provided as a continuous structure arranged along the circumferential direction of the groove, so that the integrity of the reinforcing part is better and the reinforcing effect is better.
  • the reinforcement part is a discontinuous structure provided along the circumferential direction of the groove.
  • the reinforcing part is provided as a discontinuous structure arranged along the circumferential direction of the groove, so that the reinforcing part can avoid other components and will not interfere with other components.
  • the reinforcing part includes a plurality of reinforcing sections, and the plurality of reinforcing sections are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • multiple reinforcing sections are provided.
  • the multiple reinforcing sections not only enhance the strength and rigidity of the end cover, but also can avoid other components of the battery cell and avoid interference with other components.
  • multiple reinforced sections are lighter in weight than a continuous structure, which is beneficial to improving the strength and stiffness of the end cover assembly without significantly increasing its weight.
  • the end cap assembly includes a plurality of grooves, and the reinforcing parts correspond to the grooves one by one.
  • the end cap assembly includes a plurality of reinforcement parts, and the plurality of reinforcement parts are all arranged around the groove.
  • the strengthening effect on the strength and stiffness of the end cap can be improved, so that the end cap deforms less or less when subjected to external impact. Deformation occurs.
  • the end cap assembly includes a plurality of grooves, and the reinforcing portion is arranged around the plurality of grooves.
  • the weight of the end cap can be reduced, so that the weight of the end cap before and after the reinforcing part is provided is not much different or the same.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a battery cell, which includes an electrode assembly, a casing, and the above-mentioned end cover assembly; the casing has an accommodating space with one end open, and the accommodating space Used to accommodate the electrode assembly; the end cover is connected to the housing and closes the opening.
  • the first surface faces the electrode assembly
  • the end cover assembly includes an insulating member
  • the insulating member is disposed between the end cover and the electrode assembly.
  • the reinforcing part is in contact with the insulating member.
  • an insulating member is provided between the end cap and the electrode assembly to insulate and isolate the end cap and the electrode assembly to prevent the end cap and the electrode assembly from contacting and causing a short circuit.
  • inventions of the present application further provide a battery.
  • the battery includes a box and the above-mentioned battery cell, and the battery cell is accommodated in the box.
  • the end cover is provided on a side of the battery cell close to the bottom wall of the box.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide an electrical device, wherein the electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic bottom view of the end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic top view of an end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view at position A-A in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged view of position B in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic bottom view of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic top view of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view at position D-D in Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic bottom view of the end cap assembly (the reinforced portion includes multiple reinforced sections) provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic bottom view of the end cap assembly (multiple reinforcement parts corresponding to one groove) provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic bottom view of an end cap assembly (multiple grooves corresponding to one reinforcement part) provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icon 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery cell; 21-end cover assembly; 211-end cover; 2111-first surface; 2112-second surface; 2113-installation hole; 2114-pressure relief hole; 212-groove; 213-reinforcement part; 2131-reinforcement section; 214-electrode terminal; 215-pressure relief mechanism; 216-convex part; 217-recessed part; 22-electrode assembly; 23- Housing; 100-battery; 200-controller; 300-motor; 1000-vehicle.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • “Plural” appearing in this application means two or more (including two).
  • battery cells may include lithium ion secondary battery cells, lithium ion primary battery cells, lithium sulfur battery cells, sodium lithium ion battery cells, sodium ion battery cells or magnesium ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the positive electrode current collector that is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode current collector that is coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the cathode current collector without coating the cathode active material layer serves as the cathode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode current collector that is coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive electrode lugs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode lugs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly may have a rolled structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • Batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. As battery application fields continue to expand, its market demand is also expanding.
  • the battery cell includes an end cover, an electrode assembly and a casing.
  • the end cover and the casing cooperate to form the internal environment of the battery cell, and the electrode assembly is accommodated in the internal environment.
  • the electrode assembly is often damaged, leading to the failure of the battery cell.
  • the inventor further studied and found that in the scenario where the battery cell is inverted, the end cap is more susceptible to deformation due to external impact.
  • the deformation of the end cap can easily cause the electrode assembly to deform due to force, which in turn leads to damage to the electrode assembly and the failure of the battery cell. .
  • an end cap assembly which includes an end cap, a groove and a reinforcing part.
  • the end cap has a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely arranged along a thickness direction thereof, and the groove is recessed from the first surface toward a direction closer to the second surface.
  • the reinforcing part is protruding from the first surface and/or the second surface and is arranged around the groove.
  • This end cover assembly enhances the strength and rigidity of the end cover by arranging a reinforcing part on the end cover, and improves the impact resistance of the end cover, so that the deformation amount of the end cover is smaller when it is impacted, thereby alleviating the deformation damage of the end cover.
  • Problems with the electrode assembly the end cap assembly reduces the weight of the end cap by arranging grooves on the end cap, so that the weight of the end cap before and after the reinforcement is not much different or the same. By arranging the reinforcing part around the groove, the rigidity and strength of the location where the groove is provided can be reinforced, thereby improving the strength and rigidity of the end cover assembly without significantly increasing its weight.
  • Power-consuming devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal Cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators and planers, etc.
  • the embodiments of this application impose no special restrictions on the above electrical equipment.
  • the electric equipment is the vehicle 1000 as an example.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 , and the battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300.
  • the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to provide power to the motor 300, for example, for the starting, navigation and operating power requirements of the vehicle 1000 while driving.
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but also can be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a case 10 and battery cells 20 , and the battery cells 20 are accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the box 10 is used to provide an accommodation space for the battery cells 20, and the box 10 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12 , the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a space for accommodating the battery cells 20 of accommodation space.
  • the second part 12 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 may be a plate-like structure.
  • the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12 so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a receiving space.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 is covered with the open side of the second part 12.
  • the box 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • the battery 100 there may be a plurality of battery cells 20, and the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection.
  • Mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • the plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of the plurality of battery cells 20 can be accommodated in the box 10 ; of course, the battery 100 can also be a plurality of battery cells 20 First, the battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 10 .
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures.
  • the battery 100 may further include a bus component for realizing electrical connections between multiple battery cells 20 .
  • Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery cell or a primary battery cell; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell or a magnesium-ion battery cell, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes the battery 100 .
  • the battery cell 20 includes an end cap assembly 21 , an electrode assembly 22 and a case 23 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes an end cap 211 , an electrode terminal 214 and a pressure relief mechanism 215 .
  • the end cap 211 refers to a component that covers the opening of the housing 23 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 211 may be adapted to the shape of the housing 23 to fit the housing 23 .
  • the end cap 211 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). In this way, the end cap 211 is less likely to deform when subjected to extrusion and collision, so that the battery cell 20 can have higher durability. Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved.
  • the end cap 211 can also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode terminal 214 is provided on the end cap 211 .
  • the electrode terminal 214 may be used to electrically connect with the electrode assembly 22 for outputting or inputting electrical energy from the battery cell 20 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 215 is provided on the end cover 211 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 215 is used to open when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches the detonation pressure to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 also includes an insulating member, which is disposed inside the end cover 211.
  • the insulating member can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 23 from the end cover 211 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber, etc.
  • the housing 23 is a component used to cooperate with the end cover 211 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 20 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22 , electrolyte, and other components.
  • the housing 23 and the end cover 211 may be independent components, and an opening may be provided on the housing 23.
  • the end cover 211 covers the opening at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20.
  • the end cover 211 and the housing 23 can also be integrated.
  • the end cover 211 and the housing 23 can form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the inside of the housing 23 When, the end cover 211 is closed with the housing 23 again.
  • the housing 23 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 23 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the housing 23 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is a component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • One or more electrode assemblies 22 may be contained within the housing 23 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets, and an isolation film is usually provided between the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets.
  • the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that contain active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 22 , and the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that do not contain active material each constitute tabs.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located together at one end of the main body or respectively located at both ends of the main body.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the end cap assembly 21 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic bottom view of the end cap assembly 21 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic top view of the end cap assembly 21 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view at position A-A in Figure 6 .
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged view of position B in Figure 7.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an end cap assembly 21.
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes an end cap 211, a groove 212 and a reinforcing part 213.
  • the end cap 211 has a first surface 2111 and a second surface 2112 that are oppositely arranged along the thickness direction thereof.
  • the groove 212 is recessed from the first surface 2111 toward the second surface 2112 .
  • the reinforcing portion 213 is protruding from the first surface 2111 and/or the second surface 2112 and is arranged around the groove 212 .
  • the thickness direction is the direction indicated by the double arrow C in Figure 8 .
  • the first surface 2111 and the second surface 2112 are two surfaces opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the end cap 211 .
  • One of the first surface 2111 and the second surface 2112 is the inner surface of the end cap 211 , and the other is the outer surface of the end cap 211 .
  • the inner surface refers to the surface of the end cap 211 facing the inside of the housing 23
  • the outer surface refers to the surface of the end cap 211 facing away from the housing 23 .
  • the first surface 2111 is the inner surface
  • the second surface 2112 is the outer surface.
  • the first surface 2111 is the inner surface.
  • the groove 212 refers to a groove-shaped structure that penetrates the first surface 2111 of the end cap 211 and extends in a direction from the first surface 2111 to the second surface 2112 .
  • the shape of the groove 212 is not limited.
  • the groove 212 can be either rectangular or circular.
  • the reinforcing part 213 is a convex structure protruding from the end cover 211 .
  • the reinforcing part 213 may be protruded from the first surface 2111 or protruded from the second surface 2112.
  • the reinforcing part 213 and the groove 212 are located on the same side of the end cover 211.
  • the reinforcing part 213 and the groove 212 are located on both sides of the end cover 211.
  • the reinforcing part 213 is arranged around the groove 212" includes both the reinforcing part 213 being arranged to semi-enclose the groove 212 and the reinforcing part 213 to be completely surrounding the groove 212.
  • the inner surface of the reinforcing part 213 and the inner wall of the groove 212 may be coplanar.
  • the inner surface of the reinforcing part 213 is flush with the inner wall of the groove 212 .
  • the inner surface of the reinforcing part 213 and the inner wall of the groove 212 may also be arranged non-coplanarly. For example, there is a gap between the inner wall of the reinforcing part 213 and the inner wall of the groove 212 along the length direction of the end cap 211 .
  • the reinforcing part 213 may have various shapes.
  • the reinforcing part 213 is formed into a racetrack shape or a rectangular shape. At this time, the reinforcing part 213 is provided to completely surround the groove 212 .
  • the reinforcing part 213 is a U-shaped protrusion extending along a U-shaped trajectory. In this case, the reinforcing part 213 is disposed to half surround the groove 212 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 provides a reinforcing portion 213 on the end cap 211 to enhance the strength and rigidity of the end cap 211 and improve the impact resistance of the end cap 211, so that the deformation of the end cap 211 is smaller when it is impacted. This alleviates the problem of the end cap 211 deforming and damaging the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 reduces the weight of the end cap 211 by providing a groove 212 on the end cap 211, so that the weight of the end cap 211 before and after the reinforcing portion 213 is provided is not much different or is the same. By arranging the reinforcing portion 213 around the groove 212, the rigidity and strength of the location where the groove 212 is disposed can be reinforced, thereby improving the strength and rigidity of the end cap assembly 21 without significantly increasing its weight.
  • the end cap 211 is provided with a mounting hole 2113 and a pressure relief hole 2114, wherein the mounting hole 2113 is used to install the electrode terminal 214, and the pressure relief hole 2114 is used to set the pressure relief mechanism 215.
  • the distance between the first surface 2111 and the second surface 2112 is D
  • the distance between the bottom surface of the groove 212 and the first surface 2111 is d, which satisfies: 0.1 ⁇ d/D ⁇ 0.6 .
  • the distance between the first surface 2111 and the second surface 2112 can also be understood as the thickness of the end cap 211 .
  • the distance between the bottom surface of the groove 212 and the first surface 2111 can also be understood as the depth of the groove 212 .
  • “0.1 ⁇ d/D ⁇ 0.6” means that the depth of the groove 212 is 0.1 to 0.6 times the thickness of the end cover 211.
  • the dotted line shown in Figure 8 is on the same plane as the first surface 2111, and the range of the groove 212 is the portion surrounded by the bottom wall, side walls and the dotted line of the groove 212 in Figure 8 .
  • the dotted line is to conveniently represent the actual range of the groove 212 and to facilitate the identification of the distance d between the bottom surface of the groove 212 and the first surface 2111.
  • the dotted line does not represent actual physical characteristics.
  • the depth of the groove 212 By setting the depth of the groove 212 to 0.1 to 0.6 times the thickness of the end cap 211, a good weight reduction effect can be achieved without significantly weakening the strength of the end cap 211. If d/D ⁇ 0.1, the depth of the groove 212 is shallow and the weight reduction effect is poor. If d/D>0.6, the depth of the groove 212 is larger and the strength of the end cap 211 is weakened more, so that even if the reinforcing part 213 is provided, the strength of the end cap 211 is poor.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the end cap assembly 21 provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic bottom view of the end cap assembly 21 provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic top view of the end cap assembly 21 provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view at position D-D in Figure 11.
  • the end cap 211 is provided with a protruding portion 216 and a recessed portion 217.
  • the protruding portion 216 is protruding from the second surface 2112, and the recessed portion 217 is recessed from the first surface 2111 toward the second surface 2112.
  • the recessed portion 217 is in contact with the second surface 2112.
  • the convex portion 216 is provided correspondingly. Along the thickness direction, the projections of the convex portion 216 and the reinforcing portion 213 on the end cap 211 do not overlap.
  • the protruding portion 216 is a protruding structure protruding from the second surface 2112 .
  • the recess 217 refers to a groove-shaped structure that penetrates the first surface 2111 of the end cap 211 and extends in a direction from the first surface 2111 to the second surface 2112 .
  • the concave part 217 and the convex part 216 are arranged correspondingly means that along the thickness direction, the projection of the outline of the groove 212 on the end cap 211 completely falls within the projection range of the convex part 216 on the end cap 211, or the convex part 216 is within the end cap 211.
  • the projection on the cover 211 completely falls within the projection range of the contour of the groove 212 on the end cover 211 .
  • the projection of the contour of the groove 212 on the end cap 211 completely overlaps the projection of the protrusion 216 on the end cap 211 .
  • the recess 217 extends through the second surface 2112 and extends into the convex portion 216 .
  • the projections of the convex portion 216 and the reinforcing portion 213 on the end cap 211 do not overlap. That is to say, the reinforcing portion 213 and the convex portion 216 are spaced apart or offset in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction.
  • the recess 217 can accommodate the internal components of the battery cell 20, which is beneficial to lifting the battery cell. 20 energy density.
  • the convex portion 216 can increase the bending strength of the end cover 211 and improve the impact resistance of the end cover 211 .
  • the projections of the convex portion 216 and the reinforcing portion 213 on the end cap 211 do not overlap, so as to respectively enhance the strength and stiffness of different positions of the end cap 211, improve the impact resistance of the end cap 211, and alleviate the deformation damage of the end cap 211. Problems with electrode assembly 22.
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes electrode terminals 214 disposed on the protrusions 216 .
  • the electrode terminal 214 is a component for electrically connecting with the electrode assembly 22 to output or input electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the protruding portion 216 is provided with a mounting hole 2113, and the electrode terminal 214 is partially inserted into the mounting hole 2113.
  • the electrode terminal 214 can be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 22 in the battery cell 20.
  • the electrode terminal 214 is disposed on the convex portion 216 so as to partially accommodate the electrode assembly 22 in the recess 217, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery cell 20.
  • the convex portion 216 has strong impact resistance, the electrode terminal 214 is disposed there, and the electrode terminal 214 is not easily damaged due to deformation of the end cover 211 .
  • reinforcement portions 213 are provided on both sides of the convex portion 216 along the first direction, which is perpendicular to the thickness direction.
  • the first direction is any direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.
  • the first direction may be the length direction of the end cap 211 , and the first direction may also be the width direction of the end cap 211 .
  • the first direction is the E direction as shown by the double arrow in Figure 10 .
  • the reinforcement parts 213 are provided on both sides of the convex part 216” means that the end cover assembly 21 includes a plurality of reinforcement parts 213, and the plurality of reinforcement parts 213 are respectively provided on both sides of the convex part 216 in the first direction.
  • the first direction is the length direction of the end cap 211 .
  • the length direction of the end cover 211 is more susceptible to deformation due to impact.
  • the reinforcing portions 213 are disposed on both sides of the length direction of the convex portion 216.
  • the impact resistance of the end cover 211 in the length direction is enhanced. ability to alleviate the problem of the end cap 211 deforming and damaging the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes a pressure relief mechanism 215 disposed on the end cap 211 .
  • the projections of the pressure relief mechanism 215 and the reinforcing portion 213 on the end cover 211 do not overlap.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 215 can be opened when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 reaches the detonation pressure to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 .
  • the projections of the pressure relief mechanism 215 and the reinforcement part 213 on the end cover 211 do not overlap.” That is to say, the pressure relief mechanism 215 and the reinforcement part 213 are spaced apart or offset in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 215 and the reinforcement part 213 on the end cover 211 along the thickness direction not overlap, the pressure relief mechanism 215 and the reinforcement part 213 do not interfere with each other, and the reinforcement part 213 is prevented from affecting the pressure relief function of the pressure relief mechanism 215 .
  • the reinforcement 213 is a continuous structure disposed along the circumference of the groove 212 .
  • the reinforcement part 213 is a continuous structure arranged along the circumferential direction of the groove 212” can also be understood to mean that the reinforcement part 213 is a closed structure extending along a closed trajectory, and the reinforcement part 213 is arranged around the groove 212.
  • a closed trajectory is a trajectory that is connected at both ends, such as a rectangular trajectory, an elliptical trajectory, etc.
  • the reinforcement 213 is a racetrack-shaped raised structure.
  • the reinforcing portion 213 is a rectangular protruding structure.
  • the reinforcing portion 213 By configuring the reinforcing portion 213 as a continuous structure along the circumferential direction of the groove 212, the reinforcing portion 213 has better integrity and a better reinforcing effect.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic bottom view of the end cap assembly 21 (the reinforcing part 213 includes a plurality of reinforcing sections 2131 ) provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the reinforcement 213 is a discontinuous structure disposed along the circumference of the groove 212 .
  • the reinforcing part 213 is a discontinuous structure arranged along the circumferential direction of the groove 212” can be understood to mean that the reinforcing part 213 includes multiple parts, and the multiple parts are arranged around the groove 212.
  • the reinforcing portion 213 is provided as a discontinuous structure along the circumferential direction of the groove 212 so that the reinforcing portion 213 can avoid other components and will not interfere with other components.
  • the reinforcing part 213 includes a plurality of reinforcing sections 2131 , and the plurality of reinforcing sections 2131 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • the reinforcing section 2131 is a part of the reinforcing part 213 .
  • a plurality of reinforcing sections 2131 form the reinforcing part 213 .
  • the reinforcing section 2131 is located around the groove 212 .
  • the multiple reinforcing sections 2131 By arranging multiple reinforcing sections 2131, the multiple reinforcing sections 2131 not only enhance the strength and rigidity of the end cover 211, but also can avoid other components of the battery cell 20 and avoid interference with other components.
  • the multiple reinforced sections 2131 are lighter in weight than the continuous structure, which is beneficial to improving the strength and stiffness of the end cover assembly 21 without significantly increasing its weight.
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes a plurality of grooves 212 , and the reinforcing portions 213 correspond to the grooves 212 one-to-one.
  • the reinforcement part 213 and the groove 212 correspond one to one means that the reinforcement part 213 and the groove 212 have a one-to-one relationship.
  • a reinforcing part 213 is correspondingly surrounded by a groove 212 .
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic bottom view of the end cap assembly 21 (a plurality of reinforcing parts 213 corresponding to one groove 212 ) provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes a plurality of reinforced portions 213 , each of which is disposed around the groove 212 .
  • the strengthening effect on the strength and stiffness of the end cap 211 can be improved, so that the end cap 211 deforms less or not when subjected to external impact. deformation.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic bottom view of the end cap assembly 21 (a plurality of grooves 212 corresponds to one reinforcing portion 213 ) provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes a plurality of grooves 212 around which the reinforcement 213 is disposed.
  • the weight of the end cap 211 can be reduced, so that the weight of the end cap 211 before and after the reinforcing part 213 is provided is almost the same or is the same.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 includes an electrode assembly 22, a case 23 and the above-mentioned end cap assembly 21.
  • the housing 23 has an accommodating space open at one end, and the accommodating space is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the end cap 211 is connected to the housing 23 and closes the opening.
  • the first surface 2111 faces the electrode assembly 22, and the end cap assembly 21 includes an insulating member disposed between the end cap 211 and the electrode assembly 22.
  • the reinforcing part 213 is in contact with the insulating member.
  • the first surface 2111 faces the electrode assembly 22 means that the first surface 2111 is the inner surface of the end cap 211.
  • Insulating parts are made of materials with insulating properties, such as plastic or rubber.
  • the insulating member is used to insulate the end cap 211 and the electrode assembly 22 from each other to prevent the end cap 211 from being electrically connected to the electrode assembly 22 and causing a short circuit in the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cap 211 and the electrode assembly 22 are insulated and isolated to prevent the end cap 211 and the electrode assembly 22 from contacting and causing a short circuit.
  • the reinforcing part 213 is in contact with the insulating member.
  • the insulating member can also play a buffering and decompression effect, so that the end cover 211 deforms less, thus alleviating the problem of the end cover 211 deforming and damaging the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery 100.
  • the battery 100 includes a box 10 and the above-mentioned battery cells 20.
  • the battery cells 20 are accommodated in the box 10.
  • the end cap 211 is disposed on a side of the battery cell 20 close to the bottom wall of the box 10 .
  • the bottom wall of the box 10 is the wall surface of the box 10 opposite to the open end of the box 10 .
  • the battery cell 20 is placed upside down in the box 10 .
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electrical device.
  • the electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery 100, and the battery 100 is used to provide electric energy.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an end cap assembly 21.
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes an end cap 211, a groove 212 and a reinforcing part 213.
  • the end cap 211 has a first surface 2111 and a second surface 2112 that are oppositely arranged along the thickness direction thereof, and the groove 212 is recessed from the first surface 2111 toward the second surface 2112.
  • the reinforcing portion 213 is protruding from the first surface 2111 and is arranged around the groove 212 .
  • the distance between the first surface 2111 and the second surface 2112 is D
  • the distance between the bottom surface of the groove 212 and the first surface 2111 is d, which satisfies: 0.1 ⁇ d/D ⁇ 0.6.
  • the end cap 211 is provided with a convex portion 216 and a concave portion 217.
  • the convex portion 216 is protruding from the second surface 2112, and the concave portion 217 is recessed from the first surface 2111 toward the second surface 2112.
  • the concave portion 217 is provided correspondingly to the convex portion 216.
  • the projections of the convex portion 216 and the reinforcing portion 213 on the end cap 211 do not overlap.
  • reinforcement portions 213 are provided on both sides of the protruding portion 216 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 provides a reinforcing portion 213 on the end cap 211 to enhance the strength and rigidity of the end cap 211 and improve the impact resistance of the end cap 211, so that the deformation of the end cap 211 is smaller when it is impacted. This alleviates the problem of the end cap 211 deforming and damaging the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 reduces the weight of the end cap 211 by providing a groove 212 on the end cap 211, so that the weight of the end cap 211 before and after the reinforcing portion 213 is provided is not much different or is the same.
  • the rigidity and strength of the location where the groove 212 is disposed can be reinforced, thereby improving the strength and rigidity of the end cap assembly 21 without significantly increasing its weight.
  • the distance between the first surface 2111 and the second surface 2112 can also be understood as the thickness of the end cap 211 .
  • the distance between the bottom surface of the groove 212 and the first surface 2111 can also be understood as the depth of the groove 212 .
  • the depth of the groove 212 is 0.1 to 0.6 times the thickness of the end cover 211 . In this way, it not only has a good weight reduction effect, but also does not significantly weaken the strength of the end cap 211.
  • the depth of the groove 212 is shallow and the weight reduction effect is poor. If d/D>0.6, the depth of the groove 212 is larger and the strength of the end cap 211 is weakened more, so that even if the reinforcing part 213 is provided, the strength of the end cap 211 is poor.
  • the recess 217 can accommodate the internal components of the battery cell 20, which is beneficial to lifting the battery cell.
  • the energy density is 20.
  • the convex portion 216 can increase the bending strength of the end cover 211 and improve the impact resistance of the end cover 211.
  • the projections of the reinforcing portion 213 and the convex portion 216 on the end cap 211 along the thickness direction do not overlap.
  • the reinforcing portion 213 and the convex portion 216 are arranged at intervals or offset on the surface of the end cap 211 to respectively strengthen the ends of the end cap 211 at different positions.
  • the strength and rigidity improve the impact resistance of the end cap 211 to alleviate the problem of deformation of the end cap 211 and damage to the electrode assembly 22 .
  • By arranging the reinforcing portions 213 on both sides of the convex portion 216 along the length direction of the end cap 211 it is beneficial to enhance the strength and rigidity of the end cap 211, improve the impact resistance of the end cap 211, and make the end cap 211 more resilient when it is impacted.
  • the amount of deformation is small to alleviate the problem of the end cap 211 deforming and damaging the electrode assembly 22 .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备，涉及电池领域。端盖组件包括端盖、凹槽和加强部。端盖具有沿其厚度方向相对设置的第一表面和第二表面。凹槽从第一表面向靠近第二表面的方向凹陷。加强部凸设于第一表面和/或第二表面，并围绕凹槽设置。端盖组件通过在端盖上设置加强部，加强了端盖的强度和刚度，提升了端盖的抗冲击能力，使端盖在受到冲击时的形变量较小，以缓解端盖变形损伤电极组件的问题。另外，端盖组件通过在端盖上设置凹槽，以减轻端盖的重量，使得设置加强部前后端盖的重量相差不大或者相同。通过将加强部环绕凹槽设置，可补强设置凹槽的位置的刚度和强度，在不大幅增加端盖组件重量的情况下提升其强度和刚度。

Description

端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体而言，涉及一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备。
背景技术
电池在新能源领域应用甚广，例如电动汽车、新能源汽车等，新能源汽车、电动汽车已经成为汽车产业的发展新趋势。电池单体包括端盖、电极组件及壳体，端盖和壳体配合形成电池单体的内部环境，电极组件容纳于内部环境内。然而，在电芯倒置的场景下，电极组件常常发生损坏，导致电池单体失效。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备，其旨在缓解相关技术中在电芯倒置的场景下，电极组件常常发生损坏的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件，所述端盖组件包括端盖、凹槽和加强部，所述端盖具有沿其厚度方向相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述凹槽从所述第一表面向靠近所述第二表面的方向凹陷；所述加强部凸设于所述第一表面和/或所述第二表面，并围绕所述凹槽设置。
在上述技术方案中，该端盖组件通过在端盖上设置加强部，加强了端盖的强度和刚度，提升了端盖的抗冲击能力，使得端盖在受到冲击时的形变量较小，从而缓解端盖变形损伤电极组件的问题。另外，该端盖组件通过在端盖上设置凹槽，以减轻端盖的重量，使得设置加强部前后端盖的重量相差不大或者相同。通过将加强部环绕凹槽设置，可补强设置凹槽的位置的刚度和强度，在不大幅增加端盖组件重量的情况下提升其强度和刚度。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离为D，所述凹槽的底面与所述第一表面的距离为d，满足：0.1≤d/D≤0.6。
在上述技术方案中，沿厚度方向，第一表面和第二表面之间的距离也可以理解为端盖的厚度。沿厚度方向，凹槽的底面与第一表面的距离也可以理解为凹槽的深度。凹槽的深度为端盖厚度的0.1～0.6倍。这样，既具有较好的减重效果，又不会大幅削弱端盖的强度。若d/D＜0.1，则凹槽的深度较浅，减重效果较差。若d/D＞0.6，则凹槽的深度较大，端盖的强度削弱较多，使得即使设置了加强部，端盖的强度也较差。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖设置有凸部和凹部，所述 凸部凸设于所述第二表面，所述凹部从所述第一表面向靠近所述第二表面的方向凹陷，所述凹部与所述凸部对应设置；沿所述厚度方向，所述凸部和所述加强部在所述端盖上的投影不重叠。
在上述技术方案中，通过在第二表面形成凸部，并在第一表面与凸部相对应的位置形成凹部，一方面，凹部能够容纳电池单体内部的部件，有利于提升电池单体的能量密度，另一方面，凸部能够提高端盖的抗弯强度，提高端盖的抗冲击能力。加强部和凸部沿着厚度方向在端盖上的投影不重叠，也即加强部和凸部在垂直于厚度方向的平面内间隔设置或错位设置，以分别加强端盖不同位置的强度和刚度，提升端盖的抗冲击能力，以缓解端盖变形损伤电极组件的问题。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖组件包括电极端子，所述电极端子设置于所述凸部。
在上述技术方案中，电极端子可与电池单体内的电极组件电连接，将电极端子设置于凸部，以便于将电极组件部分容纳于凹部，有利于提升电池单体的能量密度。另外，由于凸部位置具有较强的抗冲击能力，将电极端子设置于此，电极端子不易因端盖形变而损坏。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，沿第一方向，所述凸部的两侧均设置有所述加强部，所述第一方向与所述厚度方向垂直。
在上述技术方案中，通过在凸部沿第一方向的两侧均设置加强部，有利于增强端盖的强度和刚度，提升了端盖的抗冲击能力，使端盖在受到冲击时的形变量较小，以缓解端盖变形损伤电极组件的问题。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述第一方向为所述端盖的长度方向。
在上述技术方案中，相比于端盖的宽度方向，端盖的长度方向更易因受到冲击而变形，通过在凸部的长度方向的两侧均设置加强部，加强端盖的长度方向的抗冲击能力，以缓解端盖变形损伤电极组件的问题。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖组件包括泄压机构，所述泄压机构设置于所述端盖，沿所述厚度方向，所述泄压机构和所述加强部在所述端盖上的投影不重叠。
在上述技术方案中，泄压机构能够在电池单体内部压力达到起爆压力时打开，以泄放电池单体的内部压力。通过使泄压机构和加强部沿厚度方向在端盖上的投影不重叠，以使得泄压机构和加强部互不干涉，避免加强部影响泄压机构的泄压功能。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述加强部为沿所述凹槽的周向设置的连续结构。
在上述技术方案中，将加强部设置为沿着凹槽周向设置的连续结构，加强部的整体性更好，加强效果较好。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述加强部为沿所述凹槽的周向设置的非连续结构。
在上述技术方案中，将加强部设置为沿着凹槽周向设置的非连续结构，使得加强部能够避让其他部件，不会与其他部件相干涉。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述加强部包括多个加强段，所述多个加强段沿所述周向间隔设置。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置多个加强段，多个加强段加强端盖强度和刚度的同时，还能够避让电池单体的其他部件，避免与其他部件相干涉。另外，多个加强段相比于连续结构而言，重量更轻，有利于在不大幅增加端盖组件重量的情况下提升其强度和刚度。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖组件包括多个所述凹槽，所述加强部与所述凹槽一一对应。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置多个加强部和多个凹槽，提升对端盖强度和刚度的加强效果。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖组件包括多个所述加强部，多个所述加强部均围绕所述凹槽设置。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置多个加强部，多个加强部对应一个凹槽设置，可提升对端盖的强度和刚度的加强效果，使端盖在受到外部冲击时的形变较小或不发生形变。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖组件包括多个所述凹槽，所述加强部围绕多个所述凹槽设置。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置多个凹槽，多个凹槽对应一个加强部，可降低端盖的重量，使得设置加强部前后端盖的重量相差不大或者相同。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种电池单体，所述电池单体包括电极组件、壳体及上述的端盖组件；所述壳体具有一端开口的容纳空间，所述容纳空间用于容纳所述电极组件；所述端盖连接于所述壳体并封闭所述开口。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述第一表面面向所述电极组件，所述端盖组件包括绝缘件，所述绝缘件设置于所述端盖与所述电极组件之间，所述加强部抵接于所述绝缘件。
在上述技术方案中，通过在端盖和电极组件之间设置绝缘件，以将端盖和电极组件绝缘隔离，防止端盖和电极组件接触而发生短路。将加强部抵接于绝缘件，当端盖受到冲击时，绝缘件也能够起到缓冲减压的效果，使得端盖变形较小，从而缓解端盖变形损伤电极组件的问题。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种电池，所述电池包括箱体及上述的电池单体，所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖设置于所述电池单体的靠近所述箱体的底壁的一侧。
在上述技术方案中，通过将端盖设置于电池单体的靠近箱体的底壁的一侧，即将电池单体倒置于箱体内。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种用电设备，所述用电设备包括上述 的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的仰视示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的俯视示意图；
图7为图6中A-A位置的剖视图；
图8为图7中B位置的放大图；
图9为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；
图10为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的仰视示意图；
图11为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的俯视示意图；
图12为图11中D-D位置的剖视图；
图13为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件(加强部包括多个加强段)的仰视示意图；
图14为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件(多个加强部对应一个凹槽)的仰视示意图；
图15为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件(多个凹槽对应一个加强部)的仰视示意图。
图标：10-箱体；11-第一部分；12-第二部分；20-电池单体；21-端盖组件；211-端盖；2111-第一表面；2112-第二表面；2113-安装孔；2114-泄压孔；212-凹槽；213-加强部；2131-加强段；214-电极端子；215-泄压机构；216-凸部；217-凹部；22-电极组件；23-壳体；100-电池；200-控制器；300-马达；1000-车辆。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术 领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质 层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，电池的应用越加广泛。电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
电池单体包括端盖、电极组件及壳体，端盖和壳体配合形成电池单体的内部环境，电极组件容纳于内部环境内。然而，在电芯倒置的场景下，电极组件常常发生损坏，导致电池单体失效。
发明人进一步研究发现，在电芯倒置的场景下，端盖更容易受到外部冲击而发生形变，端盖的形变容易导致电极组件受力发生变形，进而导致电极组件发生损坏，导致电池单体失效。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种端盖组件，端盖组件包括端盖、凹槽和加强部。端盖具有沿其厚度方向相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，凹槽从第一表面向靠近第二表面的方向凹陷。加强部凸设于第一表面和/或第二表面，并围绕凹槽设置。
该端盖组件通过在端盖上设置加强部，加强了端盖的强度和刚度，提升了端盖的抗冲击能力，使得端盖在受到冲击时的形变量较小，从而缓解端盖变形损伤电极组件的问题。另外，该端盖组件通过在端盖上设置凹槽，以减轻端盖的重量，使得设置加强部前后端盖的重量相差不大或者相同。通过将加强部环绕凹槽设置，可补强设置凹槽的位置的刚度和强度，在不大幅增加端盖组件重量的情况下提升其强度和刚度。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器 200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。其中，箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，第一部分11和第二部分12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第二部分12可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分11可以为板状结构，第一部分11盖合于第二部分12的开口侧，以使第一部分11与第二部分12共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分11的开口侧盖合于第二部分12的开口侧。当然，第一部分11和第二部分12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池单体或一次电池单体；还可以是锂硫电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的分解结构示意图。电池单体20是指组成电池100的最小单元。如图3，电池单体20包括有端盖组件21、电极组件22以及壳体23。
端盖组件21包括端盖211、电极端子214及泄压机构215。其中，端盖211是指盖合于壳体23的开口处以将电池单体20的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖211的形状可以与壳体23的形状相适应以配合壳体23。可选地，端盖211可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖211在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体20能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖211的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。电极端子214设置于端盖211。电极端子214可以用于与电极组件22电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能。泄压机构215设置于端盖211，泄压机构215用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到起爆压力时打开，以泄放电池单体20的内部压力。在一些实施例中，端盖组件21还包括绝缘 件，绝缘件设置在端盖211的内侧，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体23内的电连接部件与端盖211，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体23是用于配合端盖211以形成电池单体20的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件22、电解液以及其他部件。壳体23和端盖211可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体23上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖211盖合开口以形成电池单体20的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖211和壳体23一体化，具体地，端盖211和壳体23可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体23的内部时，再使端盖211盖合壳体23。壳体23可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体23的形状可以根据电极组件22的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体23的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件22是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体23内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件22。电极组件22主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔离膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件22的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池100的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接电极端子214以形成电流回路。
请参照图4、图5、图6、图7和图8，图4为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的结构示意图。图5为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的仰视示意图。图6为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的俯视示意图。图7为图6中A-A位置的剖视图。图8为图7中B位置的放大图。本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件21，端盖组件21包括端盖211、凹槽212和加强部213。端盖211具有沿其厚度方向相对设置的第一表面2111和第二表面2112，凹槽212从第一表面2111向靠近第二表面2112的方向凹陷。加强部213凸设于第一表面2111和/或第二表面2112，并围绕凹槽212设置。
厚度方向是如图8中双箭头C所指示的方向。
第一表面2111和第二表面2112是端盖211厚度方向上相对设置的两个表面。第一表面2111和第二表面2112中的一者为端盖211的内表面，另一者为端盖211的外表面。其中，内表面是指端盖211的面向壳体23的内部的表面，外表面是指端盖211的背离壳体23的表面。当第一表面2111为内表面时，第二表面2112为外表面。当第二表面2112为外表面时，第一表面2111为内表面。
凹槽212是指贯穿端盖211的第一表面2111并沿着从第一表面2111指向第二表面2112的方向延伸的槽型结构。凹槽212的形状不作限制，例如，凹槽212既可以是长方形，也可以是圆形。
加强部213为凸设于端盖211的凸起结构。加强部213既可以是凸设于第一表面2111，也可以是凸设于第二表面2112。当加强部213凸设于第一表面2111时，加强部213和凹槽212位于端盖211的同一侧。当加强部213凸设于第二表面2112 时，加强部213和凹槽212位于端盖211的两侧。
“加强部213围绕凹槽212设置”既包括加强部213半包围凹槽212设置，还包括加强部213完全包围凹槽212设置。加强部213的内表面与凹槽212的内壁可以是共面设置，例如，加强部213的内表面与凹槽212的内壁平齐。加强部213的内表面与凹槽212的内壁也可以非共面设置，例如，沿着端盖211的长度方向，加强部213的内壁与凹槽212的内壁之间具有间隔。
加强部213可以是多种形状。例如，加强部213围成跑道形或矩形，此时加强部213完全包围凹槽212设置。又如，加强部213为沿U形轨迹延伸的U形凸起，此时加强部213半包围凹槽212设置。
该端盖组件21通过在端盖211上设置加强部213，加强了端盖211的强度和刚度，提升了端盖211的抗冲击能力，使得端盖211在受到冲击时的形变量较小，从而缓解端盖211变形损伤电极组件22的问题。另外，该端盖组件21通过在端盖211上设置凹槽212，以减轻端盖211的重量，使得设置加强部213前后端盖211的重量相差不大或者相同。通过将加强部213环绕凹槽212设置，可补强设置凹槽212的位置的刚度和强度，在不大幅增加端盖组件21重量的情况下提升其强度和刚度。
在一些实施例中，端盖211上设置有安装孔2113和泄压孔2114，其中，安装孔2113用于安装电极端子214，泄压孔2114用于设置泄压机构215。
在一些实施例中，沿厚度方向，第一表面2111和第二表面2112之间的距离为D，凹槽212的底面与第一表面2111的距离为d，满足：0.1≤d/D≤0.6。
沿厚度方向，第一表面2111和第二表面2112之间的距离也可以理解为端盖211的厚度。沿厚度方向，凹槽212的底面与第一表面2111的距离也可以理解为凹槽212的深度。“0.1≤d/D≤0.6”也即凹槽212的深度为端盖211厚度的0.1～0.6倍。
需要说明的是，图8中所示的虚线与第一表面2111处于同一平面，凹槽212的范围是图8中凹槽212的底壁、侧壁和虚线所围出的部分。虚线是为了便于表示出凹槽212的实际范围和便于标识凹槽212的底面与第一表面2111的距离d，虚线不表示实际物理特征。
通过将凹槽212的深度设置为端盖211厚度的0.1～0.6倍，既具有较好的减重效果，又不会大幅削弱端盖211的强度。若d/D＜0.1，则凹槽212的深度较浅，减重效果较差。若d/D＞0.6，则凹槽212的深度较大，端盖211的强度削弱较多，使得即使设置了加强部213，端盖211的强度也较差。
请参照图9、图10、图11和图12，图9为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的结构示意图。图10为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的仰视示意图。图11为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的俯视示意图。图12为图11中D-D位置的剖视图。在另一些实施例中，端盖211设置有凸部216和凹部217，凸部216凸设于第二表面2112，凹部217从第一表面2111向靠近第二表面2112的方向凹陷，凹部217与凸部216对应设置。沿厚度方向，凸部216和加强部213在端盖211上的投影不重叠。
凸部216是凸设于第二表面2112的凸起结构。凹部217是指贯穿端盖211 的第一表面2111并沿着从第一表面2111指向第二表面2112的方向延伸的槽型结构。
“凹部217与凸部216对应设置”是指沿着厚度方向，凹槽212的轮廓在端盖211上的投影完全落在凸部216在端盖211上的投影范围，或者凸部216在端盖211上的投影完全落在凹槽212的轮廓在端盖211上的投影范围。在一些实施例中，凹槽212的轮廓在端盖211上的投影与凸部216在端盖211上的投影完全重叠。
在一些实施例中，凹部217贯穿第二表面2112，并伸入凸部216。
“沿厚度方向，凸部216和加强部213在端盖211上的投影不重叠”也即加强部213和凸部216在垂直于厚度方向的平面内间隔设置或错位设置。
通过在第二表面2112形成凸部216，并在第一表面2111与凸部216相对应的位置形成凹部217，一方面，凹部217能够容纳电池单体20内部的部件，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。另一方面，凸部216能够提高端盖211的抗弯强度，提高端盖211的抗冲击能力。沿厚度方向，凸部216和加强部213在端盖211上的投影不重叠，以分别加强端盖211不同位置的强度和刚度，提升端盖211的抗冲击能力，以缓解端盖211变形损伤电极组件22的问题。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件21包括电极端子214，电极端子214设置于凸部216。
电极端子214是用于与电极组件22电连接，以输出或输入电池单体20的电能的部件。凸部216上开设有安装孔2113，电极端子214部分穿设于安装孔2113中。
电极端子214可与电池单体20内的电极组件22电连接，将电极端子214设置于凸部216，以便于将电极组件22部分容纳于凹部217，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。另外，由于凸部216位置具有较强的抗冲击能力，将电极端子214设置于此，电极端子214不易因端盖211形变而损坏。
在一些实施例中，沿第一方向，凸部216的两侧均设置有加强部213，第一方向与厚度方向垂直。
第一方向是垂直于厚度方向的任意方向。例如，第一方向可以为端盖211的长度方向，第一方向也可以为端盖211的宽度方向。在本实施例中，第一方向如图10中双箭头所示的E方向。
“凸部216的两侧均设置有加强部213”是指端盖组件21包括多个加强部213，多个加强部213分别设置于凸部216在第一方向的两侧。
通过在凸部216沿第一方向的两侧均设置加强部213，有利于增强端盖211的强度和刚度，提升了端盖211的抗冲击能力，使端盖211在受到冲击时的形变量较小，以缓解端盖211变形损伤电极组件22的问题。
在一些实施例中，第一方向为端盖211的长度方向。
相比于端盖211的宽度方向，端盖211的长度方向更易因受到冲击而变形，通过在凸部216的长度方向的两侧均设置加强部213，加强端盖211的长度方向的抗冲击能力，以缓解端盖211变形损伤电极组件22的问题。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件21包括泄压机构215，泄压机构215设置于端盖211。沿厚度方向，泄压机构215和加强部213在端盖211上的投影不重叠。
泄压机构215能够在电池单体20内部压力达到起爆压力时打开，以泄放电池单体20的内部压力。
“沿厚度方向，泄压机构215和加强部213在端盖211上的投影不重叠”也即泄压机构215和加强部213在垂直于厚度方向的平面内间隔设置或错位设置。
通过使泄压机构215和加强部213沿厚度方向在端盖211上的投影不重叠，以使得泄压机构215和加强部213互不干涉，避免加强部213影响泄压机构215的泄压功能。
在一些实施例中，加强部213为沿凹槽212的周向设置的连续结构。
“加强部213为沿凹槽212的周向设置的连续结构”也可以理解为加强部213为沿着封闭轨迹延伸的封闭结构，加强部213环绕设置于凹槽212的周围。封闭轨迹即为首尾两端相连的轨迹，比如长方形轨迹、椭圆形轨迹等。在一些实施例中，加强部213为跑道形凸起结构。在另一些实施例中，加强部213为矩形凸起结构。
将加强部213设置为沿着凹槽212周向设置的连续结构，加强部213的整体性更好，加强效果较好。
请参照图13，图13为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件21(加强部213包括多个加强段2131)的仰视示意图。在一些实施例中，加强部213为沿凹槽212的周向设置的非连续结构。
“加强部213为沿凹槽212的周向设置的非连续结构”可以理解为加强部213包括多个部分，多个部分围设于凹槽212的周围。
将加强部213设置为沿着凹槽212周向设置的非连续结构，使得加强部213能够避让其他部件，不会与其他部件相干涉。
请参照图13，在一些实施例中，加强部213包括多个加强段2131，多个加强段2131沿周向间隔设置。
加强段2131是加强部213的一部分，多个加强段2131形成加强部213，加强段2131位于凹槽212的周围。
通过设置多个加强段2131，多个加强段2131加强端盖211强度和刚度的同时，还能够避让电池单体20的其他部件，避免与其他部件相干涉。另外，多个加强段2131相比于连续结构而言，重量更轻，有利于在不大幅增加端盖组件21重量的情况下提升其强度和刚度。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件21包括多个凹槽212，加强部213与凹槽212一一对应。
“加强部213与凹槽212一一对应”是指加强部213与凹槽212存在一对一的关系。一个加强部213对应围设于一个凹槽212。
通过设置多个加强部213和多个凹槽212，提升对端盖211强度和刚度的加强效果。
请参照图14，图14为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件21(多个加强部213对应一个凹槽212)的仰视示意图。在一些实施例中，端盖组件21包括多个加强部213，多个加强部213均围绕凹槽212设置。
加强部213和凹槽212存在多对一的关系，多个加强部213围设于同一个凹槽212。如图14中所示，两个加强部213共同围设于一个凹槽212。
通过设置多个加强部213，多个加强部213对应一个凹槽212设置，可提升对端盖211的强度和刚度的加强效果，使端盖211在受到外部冲击时的形变较小或不发生形变。
请参照图15，图15为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件21(多个凹槽212对应一个加强部213)的仰视示意图。在一些实施例中，端盖组件21包括多个凹槽212，加强部213围绕多个凹槽212设置。
凹槽212和加强部213存在多对一的关系，一个加强部213围设于多个凹槽212。如图15中所示，一个加强部213围设于两个凹槽212。
通过设置多个凹槽212，多个凹槽212对应一个加强部213，可降低端盖211的重量，使得设置加强部213前后端盖211的重量相差不大或者相同。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池单体20，电池单体20包括电极组件22、壳体23及上述的端盖组件21。壳体23具有一端开口的容纳空间，容纳空间用于容纳电极组件22。端盖211连接于壳体23并封闭开口。
在一些实施例中，第一表面2111面向电极组件22，端盖组件21包括绝缘件，绝缘件设置于端盖211与电极组件22之间。加强部213抵接于绝缘件。
“第一表面2111面向电极组件22”也即是指第一表面2111为端盖211的内表面。
绝缘件为具有绝缘特性的材质制得，例如塑胶或橡胶等。绝缘件用于将端盖211和电极组件22相互绝缘，避免端盖211与电极组件22电连接，导致电池单体20短路的情况发生。
通过在端盖211和电极组件22之间设置绝缘件，以将端盖211和电极组件22绝缘隔离，防止端盖211和电极组件22接触而发生短路。将加强部213抵接于绝缘件，当端盖211受到冲击时，绝缘件也能够起到缓冲减压的效果，使得端盖211变形较小，从而缓解端盖211变形损伤电极组件22的问题。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池100，电池100包括箱体10及上述的电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。
在一些实施例中，端盖211设置于电池单体20的靠近箱体10的底壁的一侧。
箱体10的底壁即箱体10上与箱体10的开口端相对的壁面。
通过将端盖211设置于电池单体20的靠近箱体10的底壁的一侧，即将电池单体20倒置于箱体10内。
本申请实施例还提供了一种用电设备，用电设备包括上述的电池100，电池100用于提供电能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图4～图8。
本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件21，端盖组件21包括端盖211、凹槽212和加强部213。端盖211具有沿其厚度方向相对设置的第一表面2111和第二表面 2112，凹槽212从第一表面2111向靠近第二表面2112的方向凹陷。加强部213凸设于第一表面2111，并围绕凹槽212设置。沿厚度方向，第一表面2111和第二表面2112之间的距离为D，凹槽212的底面与第一表面2111的距离为d，满足：0.1≤d/D≤0.6。
端盖211设置有凸部216和凹部217，凸部216凸设于第二表面2112，凹部217从第一表面2111向靠近第二表面2112的方向凹陷，凹部217与凸部216对应设置。沿厚度方向，凸部216和加强部213在端盖211上的投影不重叠。沿端盖211的长度方向，凸部216的两侧均设置有加强部213。
该端盖组件21通过在端盖211上设置加强部213，加强了端盖211的强度和刚度，提升了端盖211的抗冲击能力，使得端盖211在受到冲击时的形变量较小，从而缓解端盖211变形损伤电极组件22的问题。另外，该端盖组件21通过在端盖211上设置凹槽212，以减轻端盖211的重量，使得设置加强部213前后端盖211的重量相差不大或者相同。通过将加强部213环绕凹槽212设置，可补强设置凹槽212的位置的刚度和强度，在不大幅增加端盖组件21重量的情况下提升其强度和刚度。沿厚度方向，第一表面2111和第二表面2112之间的距离也可以理解为端盖211的厚度。沿厚度方向，凹槽212的底面与第一表面2111的距离也可以理解为凹槽212的深度。凹槽212的深度为端盖211厚度的0.1～0.6倍。这样，既具有较好的减重效果，又不会大幅削弱端盖211的强度。若d/D＜0.1，则凹槽212的深度较浅，减重效果较差。若d/D＞0.6，则凹槽212的深度较大，端盖211的强度削弱较多，使得即使设置了加强部213，端盖211的强度也较差。
通过在第二表面2112形成凸部216，并在第一表面2111与凸部216相对应的位置形成凹部217，一方面，凹部217能够容纳电池单体20内部的部件，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度，另一方面，凸部216能够提高端盖211的抗弯强度，提高端盖211的抗冲击能力。加强部213和凸部216沿着厚度方向在端盖211上的投影不重叠，也即加强部213和凸部216在端盖211表面间隔设置或错位设置，以分别加强端盖211不同位置的强度和刚度，提升端盖211的抗冲击能力，以缓解端盖211变形损伤电极组件22的问题。通过在凸部216沿端盖211的长度方向的两侧均设置加强部213，有利于增强端盖211的强度和刚度，提升了端盖211的抗冲击能力，使端盖211在受到冲击时的形变量较小，以缓解端盖211变形损伤电极组件22的问题。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种端盖组件，其中，包括：
    端盖，具有沿其厚度方向相对设置的第一表面和第二表面；
    凹槽，从所述第一表面向靠近所述第二表面的方向凹陷；
    加强部，凸设于所述第一表面和/或所述第二表面，并围绕所述凹槽设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述端盖组件，其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的距离为D，所述凹槽的底面与所述第一表面的距离为d，满足：0.1≤d/D≤0.6。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖设置有凸部和凹部，所述凸部凸设于所述第二表面，所述凹部从所述第一表面向靠近所述第二表面的方向凹陷，所述凹部与所述凸部对应设置；
    沿所述厚度方向，所述凸部和所述加强部在所述端盖上的投影不重叠。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖组件包括电极端子，所述电极端子设置于所述凸部。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述端盖组件，其中，沿第一方向，所述凸部的两侧均设置有所述加强部，所述第一方向与所述厚度方向垂直。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述端盖组件，其中，所述第一方向为所述端盖的长度方向。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖组件包括：
    泄压机构，设置于所述端盖，沿所述厚度方向，所述泄压机构和所述加强部在所述端盖上的投影不重叠。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述端盖组件，其中，所述加强部为沿所述凹槽的周向设置的连续结构。
  9. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述端盖组件，其中，所述加强部为沿所述凹槽的周向设置的非连续结构。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述端盖组件，其中，所述加强部包括多个加强段，所述多个加强段沿所述周向间隔设置。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖组件包括：
    多个所述凹槽，所述加强部与所述凹槽一一对应。
  12. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖组件包括：
    多个所述加强部，多个所述加强部均围绕所述凹槽设置。
  13. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖组件包括：
    多个所述凹槽，所述加强部围绕多个所述凹槽设置。
  14. 一种电池单体，其中，包括：
    电极组件；
    壳体，具有一端开口的容纳空间，所述容纳空间用于容纳所述电极组件；
    根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的端盖组件，所述端盖连接于所述壳体并封闭所述 开口。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述电池单体，其中，所述第一表面面向所述电极组件，所述端盖组件包括：
    绝缘件，设置于所述端盖与所述电极组件之间，所述加强部抵接于所述绝缘件。
  16. 一种电池，其中，包括：
    箱体；
    根据权利要求14或15所述的电池单体，所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述电池，其中，所述端盖设置于所述电池单体的靠近所述箱体的底壁的一侧。
  18. 一种用电设备，其中，包括根据权利要求16或17所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/099228 2022-06-16 2022-06-16 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 WO2023240551A1 (zh)

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JP2005332700A (ja) * 2004-05-20 2005-12-02 Toyota Motor Corp 缶型電池およびその製造方法
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CN208873780U (zh) * 2018-09-25 2019-05-17 欣旺达电子股份有限公司 动力电池顶盖和动力电池
CN111326682A (zh) * 2020-04-08 2020-06-23 东莞阿李自动化股份有限公司 电池顶盖加强结构
CN212625809U (zh) * 2020-08-31 2021-02-26 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 电池的盖板以及电池
CN215896539U (zh) * 2021-09-29 2022-02-22 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 一种锂电池用光铝片、顶盖及锂电池
CN216354620U (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-04-19 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池以及用电装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005332700A (ja) * 2004-05-20 2005-12-02 Toyota Motor Corp 缶型電池およびその製造方法
JP2007179803A (ja) * 2005-12-27 2007-07-12 Denso Corp 電池容器用封口板および非水電解液電池
CN205621773U (zh) * 2016-04-13 2016-10-05 鞍山明锐科技有限公司 一种具有泄放压力作用的电池或电容上盖
CN206516668U (zh) * 2017-01-20 2017-09-22 深圳市瑞德丰精密制造有限公司 电池顶盖减重结构和电池顶盖
CN208873780U (zh) * 2018-09-25 2019-05-17 欣旺达电子股份有限公司 动力电池顶盖和动力电池
CN111326682A (zh) * 2020-04-08 2020-06-23 东莞阿李自动化股份有限公司 电池顶盖加强结构
CN212625809U (zh) * 2020-08-31 2021-02-26 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 电池的盖板以及电池
CN215896539U (zh) * 2021-09-29 2022-02-22 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 一种锂电池用光铝片、顶盖及锂电池
CN216354620U (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-04-19 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池以及用电装置

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