WO2024011629A1 - 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 - Google Patents

端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024011629A1
WO2024011629A1 PCT/CN2022/106099 CN2022106099W WO2024011629A1 WO 2024011629 A1 WO2024011629 A1 WO 2024011629A1 CN 2022106099 W CN2022106099 W CN 2022106099W WO 2024011629 A1 WO2024011629 A1 WO 2024011629A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cap
insulating
battery cell
sealing
mounting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/106099
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周文林
李全坤
谢勇锋
刘文忠
王鹏
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/106099 priority Critical patent/WO2024011629A1/zh
Publication of WO2024011629A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024011629A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H01M50/188—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members the sealing members being arranged between the lid and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/545—Terminals formed by the casing of the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, specifically, to an end cover assembly, a battery cell, a battery and electrical equipment.
  • Batteries are widely used in the field of new energy, such as electric vehicles and new energy vehicles. New energy vehicles and electric vehicles have become a new development trend in the automobile industry. The development of battery technology must consider multiple design factors at the same time, such as energy density, cycle life, discharge capacity, charge and discharge rate and other performance parameters. In addition, battery safety also needs to be considered. However, the safety of batteries in the existing technology is not good, and fire or explosion accidents may occur occasionally.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an end cap assembly, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which is intended to improve the problem of poor battery safety and occasional fire or explosion accidents in related technologies.
  • inventions of the present application provide an end cover assembly, which is used for a battery cell.
  • the battery cell includes a casing.
  • the end cover assembly includes an end cover, an electrode terminal, and an insulator.
  • the end cap is used to close the opening of the housing, the end cap has a mounting part, the mounting part defines a mounting hole; the electrode terminal is at least partially penetrated through the mounting hole; the insulating member It includes a first insulating part, a second insulating part and a third insulating part connected in sequence, the second insulating part is at least partially located in the mounting hole, and the first insulating part and the third insulating part are respectively located in
  • the mounting portion is formed on both sides along the thickness direction of the end cover to cover the mounting portion.
  • the insulating member of the end cover assembly extends into the installation hole from one side of the installation portion along the thickness direction of the end cover, and extends from the other side of the installation portion along the thickness direction of the end cover for installation. hole to cover the mounting part, and the second insulating part covers the inner wall of the mounting hole, so that the inner wall of the mounting hole is insulated from the electrode terminal, preventing the electrode terminal from contacting the inner wall of the mounting hole and causing a short circuit, which alleviates the problem to a certain extent.
  • the end cap assembly further includes a connecting piece located on a side of the end cap away from the housing, and the connecting piece is connected to the electrode Terminal, the connecting piece is used to output the electric energy of the battery cell; wherein, along the thickness direction, the first insulating portion is at least partially located between the connecting piece and the end cover to insulate and isolate all the connecting piece and the end cap.
  • the connecting piece to connect the electrode terminal, on the one hand, it can limit the position of the electrode terminal, and the connecting piece can resist the first insulating part to prevent the electrode terminal from deviating from the connecting piece along the thickness direction. direction away from the mounting hole.
  • the connector can easily output the electric energy of the battery cell.
  • the first insulating part is at least partially located between the connector and the end cover, which can insulate the connector and the end cover, prevent the connector from contacting the end cover and cause a short circuit, and alleviate the risk of fire or explosion accidents of the battery cells to a certain extent. question.
  • the end cover further includes a connecting portion, the connecting portion is surrounded by the mounting portion, and the connecting portion and the mounting portion jointly define a receiving gap, so The third insulating part is at least partially accommodated in the accommodation notch.
  • the third insulating part is at least partially disposed in the accommodation gap defined by the connecting part and the mounting part, which can reduce the height of the third insulating part protruding from the side of the end cover facing the housing.
  • the small third insulating portion occupies the internal space of the battery cell, which is beneficial to increasing the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the connecting part has a first surface facing away from the connecting piece, and the third insulating part does not protrude beyond the first surface in a direction away from the connecting piece. surface.
  • the third insulating part is prevented from occupying the internal space of the battery cell, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the third insulating part has a second surface facing away from the connecting member, and the second surface is flush with the first surface.
  • the accommodating notch just accommodates the third insulating part, and there is no need to make the depth of the accommodating notch too deep.
  • the thickness of the connecting part is also smaller, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the electrode terminal includes a main body part and a limiting part, the limiting part is surrounding the main body part, and the main body part is at least partially located on the installation In the hole, along the thickness direction, the limiting part is arranged opposite to the connecting part; the end cap assembly further includes a first sealing member, which is at least partially sealed and disposed between the connecting part and the connecting part. between the limiting parts.
  • the main body part is penetrated through the installation hole, and the limiting part is connected to the main body part.
  • the limiting part can resist the first sealing member to limit the main body part from being detached from the direction along the thickness direction toward the connecting piece. hole.
  • the small gap between the third insulating part and the connecting part may cause the electrolyte to leak out of the battery cell or other impurities to penetrate into the battery cell, so the first sealing member is at least partially sealed between the connecting part and the limiting part.
  • the first sealing member includes a first sealing part and a second sealing part, and the first sealing part is sealingly provided between the connecting part and the limiting part.
  • the second sealing part is sealingly arranged between the main body part and the second insulating part.
  • the first sealing part can seal the connecting part and the limiting part to prevent the electrolyte from leaking from between the connecting part and the limiting part or other impurities from entering the battery cell from between the connecting part and the limiting part.
  • the second sealing part can seal the main body part and the second insulating part to prevent other impurities from entering the battery cell from between the main body part and the second insulating part.
  • the second sealing part can seal the main body part and the second insulating part to prevent electrolyte leakage.
  • the second sealing part abuts against the connecting piece.
  • the first insulating part is located on a side of the end cap facing the inside of the battery cell, and the first insulating part is used to Insulation separates the end cap from the inside of the battery cell.
  • the end cover by disposing the first insulating portion on the side of the end cover facing the inside of the battery cell, the end cover can be insulated and isolated from the components inside the battery cell, and the end cover can be prevented from being separated from the components inside the battery cell. Short circuit occurs due to contact, which can alleviate the problem of fire or explosion accident of battery cells to a certain extent.
  • the end cover further includes a connecting part, the connecting part is surrounded by the mounting part, and the connecting part and the mounting part jointly define a receiving gap, so The third insulating part is at least partially accommodated in the accommodation notch.
  • the third insulating part is at least partially disposed in the accommodation gap defined by the connecting part and the mounting part, which can reduce the height of the third insulating part protruding from the side of the end cover away from the housing, reducing the Risk of interference with other components.
  • the connecting part has a third surface facing away from the housing, and the third insulating part does not protrude from the third surface in a direction away from the housing. surface.
  • the third insulating part has a fourth surface facing away from the housing, and the fourth surface is flush with the third surface.
  • the accommodating notch just accommodates the third insulating part, and there is no need to make the depth of the accommodating notch too deep.
  • the thickness of the connecting part is also smaller, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the end cap assembly further includes a second sealing member, and the second sealing member is at least partially sealingly disposed between the electrode terminal and the second insulating part.
  • the gap between the electrode terminal and the second insulating part may cause the electrolyte to leak out of the battery cell or other impurities to penetrate into the battery cell. Therefore, the second sealing member is at least partially sealed between the electrode terminal and the second insulating part. The electrode terminal and the second insulating part can be sealed between the second insulating parts, thereby reducing the risk of electrolyte leaking from the battery cell or other impurities entering the battery cell.
  • the end cap assembly further includes a connecting piece located on a side of the end cap away from the housing, and the connecting piece is connected to the electrode Terminal, the connecting piece is used to output the electric energy of the battery cell;
  • the end cover also includes a connecting part, the connecting part is surrounded by the mounting part;
  • the second sealing part includes a third sealing part and a fourth sealing part, the third sealing part is sealingly provided between the electrode terminal and the second insulating part, and the fourth sealing part is sealingly provided between the connecting piece and the connecting part.
  • the connecting piece can limit the position of the electrode terminal, and the connecting piece can resist the fourth sealing portion to prevent the electrode terminal from deviating from the connecting piece along the thickness direction. direction away from the mounting hole.
  • the connector can easily output the electric energy of the battery cell.
  • the third sealing part can seal the electrode terminal and the second insulating part to prevent the electrolyte from leaking from between the electrode terminal and the second insulating part.
  • the small gap between the third insulating part and the connecting part may cause other impurities to enter the battery cell from between the third insulating part and the connecting part.
  • the fourth sealing part can seal the connecting part and the connecting part.
  • the connecting part and the connecting part While sealing the connecting part and the connecting part, it also seals the third insulating part and the connecting part to prevent other impurities from entering the battery cell.
  • the third insulating part can seal the main body part and the second insulating part, thereby preventing other impurities from entering the battery. within the cell.
  • inventions of the present application further provide a battery cell.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly, a casing and the above-mentioned end cover assembly.
  • the casing has an accommodating space with an open end, and the accommodating space Used to accommodate the electrode assembly; the end cover is connected to the housing and closes the opening, and the electrode terminal is electrically connected to the electrode assembly.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide a battery, which includes a box and the above-mentioned battery cell, and the battery cell is accommodated in the box.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide an electrical device, where the electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic top view of an end cap provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view at position A-A in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of position B in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic top view of an end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view at position D-D in Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged view of position E in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic top view of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view at position F-F in Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is an enlarged view of the G position in Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic top view of an end cap provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view at the H-H position in Figure 14;
  • Figure 16 is an enlarged view of position I in Figure 15;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic top view of an end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view at the J-J position in Figure 17;
  • Figure 19 is an enlarged view of the K position in Figure 18.
  • Icon 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery cell; 21-end cover assembly; 211-end cover; 2111-mounting hole; 2112-installation part; 2113-connection part; 2114-accommodating gap; 212-electrode terminal; 2121-main part; 2122-limiting part; 213-insulator; 2131-first insulating part; 2132-second insulating part; 2133-third insulating part; 214-connection 215-first sealing part; 2151-first sealing part; 2152-second sealing part; 216-second sealing part; 2161-third sealing part; 2162-fourth sealing part; 22-electrode assembly; 23 -Casing; 100-battery; 200-controller; 300-motor; 1000-vehicle.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • “Plural” appearing in this application means two or more (including two).
  • battery cells may include lithium ion secondary battery cells, lithium ion primary battery cells, lithium sulfur battery cells, sodium lithium ion battery cells, sodium ion battery cells or magnesium ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on metal ions to move between the positive and negative plates to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the positive electrode current collector that is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode current collector that is coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the cathode current collector without coating the cathode active material layer serves as the cathode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode current collector that is coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly may have a rolled structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the inventor further studied and found that the electric energy of the battery cell is output or input through the electrode terminals provided on the end cover.
  • the end cover needs to be insulated from the electrode terminal to prevent the electrode terminal from contacting the end cover and causing a short circuit.
  • the insulation isolation effect between the electrode terminals and the end caps is poor, which leads to the opportunity for the electrode terminals and the end caps to come into contact and cause a short circuit, causing the battery cells to catch fire or explode.
  • inventions of the present application provide an end cap assembly.
  • the end cap assembly includes an end cap, an electrode terminal and an insulator.
  • the end cap has a mounting portion defining a mounting hole.
  • the electrode terminal is at least partially penetrated through the mounting hole.
  • the insulating member includes a first insulating part, a second insulating part and a third insulating part connected in sequence, the second insulating part is at least partially located in the mounting hole, and the first insulating part and the third insulating part are respectively located on the mounting part along the end cover. Both sides in the thickness direction to cover the mounting part.
  • the insulating member of the end cover assembly extends into the mounting hole from one side of the mounting portion along the thickness direction of the end cover, and extends out of the mounting hole from the other side of the mounting portion along the thickness direction of the end cover, so as to realize the installation of the mounting portion.
  • the second insulating part covers the inner wall of the mounting hole, so that the inner wall of the mounting hole is insulated from the electrode terminal, preventing the electrode terminal from contacting the inner wall of the mounting hole and causing a short circuit, thereby mitigating to a certain extent the risk of fire or battery cell fire. The problem of explosion accidents.
  • Power-consuming devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal Cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators and planers, etc.
  • the embodiments of this application impose no special restrictions on the above electrical equipment.
  • the electric equipment is the vehicle 1000 as an example.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 , and the battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300 .
  • the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to provide power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but also can be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a case 10 and battery cells 20 , and the battery cells 20 are accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the box 10 is used to provide an accommodation space for the battery cells 20, and the box 10 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12 , the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a space for accommodating the battery cells 20 of accommodation space.
  • the second part 12 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 may be a plate-like structure.
  • the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12 so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a receiving space.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 is covered with the open side of the second part 12.
  • the box 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • the battery 100 there may be a plurality of battery cells 20, and the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection.
  • Mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • the plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of the plurality of battery cells 20 can be accommodated in the box 10 ; of course, the battery 100 can also be a plurality of battery cells 20 First, the battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 10 .
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures.
  • the battery 100 may further include a bus component for realizing electrical connections between multiple battery cells 20 .
  • Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery cell or a primary battery cell; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell or a magnesium-ion battery cell, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes the battery 100 .
  • the battery cell 20 includes an end cap assembly 21 , an electrode assembly 22 and a case 23 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes an end cap 211 , an electrode terminal 212 and an insulator 213 .
  • the end cap 211 refers to a component that covers the opening of the housing 23 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 211 may be adapted to the shape of the housing 23 to fit the housing 23 .
  • the end cap 211 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). In this way, the end cap 211 is less likely to deform when subjected to extrusion and collision, so that the battery cell 20 can have higher durability. Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved.
  • the end cap 211 can also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode terminal 212 is provided on the end cap 211 .
  • the electrode terminal 212 may be used to electrically connect with the electrode assembly 22 for outputting or inputting electrical energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 also includes a pressure relief mechanism (not shown in the figure).
  • the pressure relief mechanism is provided on the end cap 211 and is used to cause the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 to reach the detonation pressure. to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 20.
  • the housing 23 is a component used to cooperate with the end cover 211 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 20 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22 , electrolyte, and other components.
  • the housing 23 and the end cover 211 may be independent components, and an opening may be provided on the housing 23.
  • the end cover 211 covers the opening at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20.
  • the end cover 211 and the housing 23 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cover 211 and the housing 23 can form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the inside of the housing 23 , the end cover 211 is then closed with the housing 23 .
  • the housing 23 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 23 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the housing 23 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is a component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • One or more electrode assemblies 22 may be contained within the housing 23 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets, and an isolation film is usually provided between the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets.
  • the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that contain active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 22 , and the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that do not contain active material each constitute tabs.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located together at one end of the body part or respectively located at both ends of the body part.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the end cap assembly 21 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic top view of the end cap 211 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view at position A-A in Figure 5 .
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of position B in Figure 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of the end cap assembly 21 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view at position D-D in Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged view of position E in Figure 9.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an end cap assembly 21.
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes an end cap 211, an electrode terminal 212 and an insulator 213.
  • the end cap 211 is used to close the opening of the housing 23 .
  • the end cap 211 has a mounting portion 2112 that defines a mounting hole 2111 .
  • the electrode terminal 212 is at least partially inserted through the mounting hole 2111 .
  • the insulating member 213 includes a first insulating part 2131, a second insulating part 2132 and a third insulating part 2133 connected in sequence.
  • the second insulating part 2132 is at least partially located in the mounting hole 2111, and the first insulating part 2131 and the third insulating part 2133 They are respectively located on both sides of the mounting portion 2112 along the thickness direction of the end cover 211 to cover the mounting portion 2112 .
  • the thickness direction is the direction indicated by the double arrow C in Figure 7 or Figure 10 .
  • the mounting portion 2112 is a portion of the end cap 211 where the mounting hole 2111 is formed. Taking the end cap 211 as a plate-shaped structure as an example, the mounting portion 2112 is a portion of the end cap 211 surrounding the mounting hole 2111 .
  • the mounting hole 2111 is used to install the electrode terminal 212 so that the electrode terminal 212 can be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 22 and electrical equipment.
  • the electrode terminal 212 is at least partially inserted through the mounting hole 2111" means that the electrode terminal 212 may be only partially accommodated in the mounting hole 2111, or may be completely accommodated in the mounting hole 2111.
  • the insulating member 213 is made of a material with insulating properties, such as plastic or rubber.
  • the first insulating part 2131 , the second insulating part 2132 and the third insulating part 2133 are three parts connected in sequence on the insulating member 213 .
  • the first insulating part 2131 is located on one side of the mounting part 2112 along the thickness direction of the end cover 211.
  • the first insulating part 2131 and the second insulating part 2132 are arranged at an angle, so that the second insulating part 2132 extends into the mounting hole 2111.
  • the second insulating part 2132 and the third insulating part 2133 are arranged at an angle, so that the third insulating part 2133 extends to the other side of the mounting part 2112 along the thickness direction.
  • the insulating member 213 covers the mounting part 2112, and the second insulating part 2132 blocks the inner wall of the mounting hole 2111, so that the electrode terminal 212 cannot contact the inner wall of the mounting hole 2111, and the electrode terminal 212 is insulated from the end cover 211.
  • the insulating member 213 of the end cap assembly 21 extends into the mounting hole 2111 from one side of the mounting portion 2112 along the thickness direction of the end cap 211 , and extends from the other side of the mounting portion 2112 along the thickness direction of the end cap 211
  • the mounting hole 2111 covers the mounting part 2112, and the second insulating part 2132 blocks the inner wall of the mounting hole 2111, so that the inner wall of the mounting hole 2111 is insulated from the electrode terminal 212, and prevents the electrode terminal 212 from contacting the inner wall of the mounting hole 2111. This causes a short circuit, which alleviates the problem of fire or explosion accidents in the battery cell 20 to a certain extent.
  • the end cap assembly 21 further includes a connecting piece 214 located on a side of the end cap 211 facing away from the housing 23 .
  • the connecting piece 214 is connected to the electrode terminal 212 , and the connecting piece 214 is used to output the electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first insulating portion 2131 is at least partially located between the connecting member 214 and the end cover 211 to insulate and isolate the connecting member 214 and the end cover 211 .
  • the connector 214 is a component connected to one end of the electrode terminal 212 away from the housing 23 in the thickness direction.
  • the connecting member 214 is made of conductive material and has electrical conductivity.
  • the connecting member 214 can be a metal block.
  • the connecting piece 214 can be riveted with the electrode terminal 212 to output the electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first insulating portion 2131 may be partially located between the connecting member 214 and the end cover 211 , or may be completely located between the connecting member 214 and the end cover 211 .
  • the first insulating part 2131 insulates the connecting member 214 and the end cover 211 to prevent the connecting member 214 from contacting the end cover 211 and causing a short circuit.
  • the electrode terminal 212 can be limited, and the connecting piece 214 can resist the first insulating portion 2131 to prevent the electrode terminal 212 from deviating from the connecting piece along the thickness direction.
  • the direction of 214 is away from the mounting hole 2111.
  • the connecting member 214 can conveniently output the electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first insulating part 2131 is at least partially located between the connecting member 214 and the end cover 211, which can insulate and isolate the connecting member 214 and the end cover 211, prevent the connecting member 214 from contacting the end cover 211 and cause a short circuit, and relieve the battery cell stress to a certain extent. The problem of fire or explosion accident occurs in the body 20.
  • the end cap 211 further includes a connecting portion 2113 surrounding the mounting portion 2112.
  • the connecting portion 2113 and the mounting portion 2112 jointly define a receiving gap 2114.
  • the third insulating portion 2133 is at least partially received in the receiving notch 2114 .
  • the connecting portion 2113 is a portion of the end cap 211 that is immediately adjacent to the mounting portion 2112 and located outside the mounting portion 2112 .
  • the thickness of each position on the connecting part 2113 is the same (for example, the connecting part 2113 may have a plate-like structure), and the thickness of the connecting part 2113 may be greater than the thickness of the mounting part 2112.
  • one side of the connecting portion 2113 is flush with one side of the mounting portion 2112 , and the other side of the connecting portion 2113 exceeds the other side of the mounting portion 2112 .
  • one side of the connecting portion 2113 extends beyond one side of the mounting portion 2112
  • the other side of the connecting portion 2113 extends beyond the other side of the mounting portion 2112 .
  • the accommodation notch 2114 is an accommodation space surrounded by one side of the mounting portion 2112 along the thickness direction and the surface of the connecting portion 2113 close to the mounting portion 2112 .
  • the accommodating notch 2114 may be a groove-shaped structure on the end cover 211 .
  • the third insulating part 2133 By arranging the third insulating part 2133 at least partially in the receiving gap 2114 defined by the connecting part 2113 and the mounting part 2112, the height of the third insulating part 2133 protruding from the side of the end cover 211 facing the housing 23 can be reduced. Reducing the occupation of the internal space of the battery cell 20 by the third insulating part 2133 is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the accommodating notch 2114 is connected with the mounting hole 2111, so that the third insulating part 2133 can be directly accommodated in the accommodating notch 2114 without having to bypass the mounting part 2112.
  • the thickness of the connecting portion 2113 is smaller than the thickness of the mounting portion 2112 .
  • one side of the mounting portion 2112 is flush with one side of the connecting portion 2113, and the other side of the mounting portion 2112 exceeds the other side of the connecting portion 2113.
  • the accommodating gap 2114 is not connected to the mounting hole 2111, and the third insulating part 2133 needs to bypass the mounting part 2112 and extend into the accommodating gap 2114.
  • the connecting portion 2113 has a first surface facing away from the connecting member 214 , and the third insulating portion 2133 does not protrude from the first surface in a direction away from the connecting member 214 .
  • the third insulating part 2133 does not protrude from the first surface in the direction away from the connecting member 214” means that along the thickness direction, the distance from the surface of the third insulating part 2133 away from the connecting member 214 to the connecting member 214 is less than or equal to the first surface. distance to connector 214.
  • the third insulating portion 2133 By preventing the third insulating portion 2133 from protruding from the first surface in the direction away from the connector 214, the third insulating portion 2133 is prevented from occupying the internal space of the battery cell 20, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery cell 20.
  • the third insulating portion 2133 has a second surface facing away from the connector 214 along the thickness direction. The second surface is flush with the first surface.
  • the second surface specifically refers to the surface of the third insulating portion 2133 facing away from the connector 214 along the thickness direction. “The second surface is flush with the first surface” means that along the thickness direction, the distance from the second surface to the connecting member 214 is equal to the distance from the first surface to the connecting member 214 .
  • the receiving notch 2114 By making the first surface and the second surface flush, the receiving notch 2114 just accommodates the third insulating part 2133, and there is no need to make the depth of the receiving notch 2114 too deep. In this way, the thickness of the connecting portion 2113 is also smaller, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the electrode terminal 212 includes a main body part 2121 and a limiting part 2122 .
  • the limiting part 2122 is arranged around the main body part 2121 .
  • the main body portion 2121 is at least partially located within the mounting hole 2111 .
  • the limiting part 2122 and the connecting part 2113 are arranged oppositely.
  • the end cap assembly 21 further includes a first sealing member 215 , which is at least partially sealingly disposed between the connecting portion 2113 and the limiting portion 2122 .
  • the main body part 2121 is the main part where the electrode terminal 212 performs its function.
  • the main body part 2121 may be partially located in the mounting hole 2111, or may be completely located in the mounting hole 2111.
  • the limiting portion 2122 is connected to the main body portion 2121 and is surrounding the main body portion 2121 .
  • the limiting portion 2122 is used to abut with other components to limit the position of the main body portion 2121 and prevent the main body portion 2121 from escaping from the mounting hole 2111 .
  • the limiting part 2122 may be in an annular shape, and the inner side of the limiting part 2122 is connected to the main body part 2121.
  • the first sealing member 215 is a structure that can achieve a sealing function, such as sealant, sealing gasket or sealing sheet.
  • “Sealing arrangement” refers to an arrangement that enables the first sealing member 215 to perform a sealing function.
  • the first sealing member 215 can be interference-fitted between the connecting portion 2113 and the limiting portion 2122 .
  • the main part 2121 is passed through the mounting hole 2111, and the limiting part 2122 is connected to the main part 2121.
  • the limiting part 2122 can resist the first seal 215 to limit the direction of the main part 2121 from along the thickness direction toward the connecting member 214. Disengage from the mounting hole 2111.
  • the small gap between the third insulating part 2133 and the connecting part 2113 may cause the electrolyte to seep out from the battery cell 20 or other impurities to penetrate into the battery cell 20 , so the first seal 215 is at least partially sealed at the connection. Between the connecting part 2113 and the limiting part 2122, the connecting part 2113 and the limiting part 2122 can be sealed.
  • the connecting part 2113 and the limiting part 2122 are sealed, the third insulating part 2133 and the connecting part 2113 are also sealed, reducing the The risk of electrolyte leakage from the battery cell 20 or other impurities entering the battery cell 20 is eliminated.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic top view of the end cap assembly 21 provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view at position F-F in Fig. 11.
  • Figure 13 is an enlarged view of the G position in Figure 12.
  • the first seal 215 includes a first sealing part 2151 and a second sealing part 2152.
  • the first sealing part 2151 is sealingly provided between the connecting part 2113 and the limiting part 2122.
  • the second sealing part 2152 is sealingly provided between the main body part 2121 and the second insulating part 2132.
  • the first sealing part 2151 and the second sealing part 2152 may be directly connected together, or may be connected together through an intermediate connection part.
  • the first sealing part 2151 is at least partially located between the connecting part 2113 and the limiting part 2122 to seal the connecting part 2113 and the limiting part 2122.
  • the second sealing portion 2152 is at least partially located between the main body portion 2121 and the second insulating portion 2132 to seal the main body portion 2121 and the second insulating portion 2132 .
  • the second sealing part 2152 may have a cylindrical structure, and the second sealing part 2152 may be sleeved on the outside of the main body part 2121.
  • the first sealing part 2151 may have an annular structure, and the first sealing part 2151 is connected to the outer periphery of the second sealing part 2152. In this way, the first sealing part 2151 and the second sealing part 2152 are formed into a flange shape as a whole.
  • the first sealing part 2151 can seal the connecting part 2113 and the limiting part 2122 to prevent electrolyte from leaking from between the connecting part 2113 and the limiting part 2122 or other impurities from entering the battery cell from between the connecting part 2113 and the limiting part 2122 Within 20 years.
  • the second sealing part 2152 can seal the main body part 2121 and the second insulating part 2132 to prevent other impurities from entering the battery cell 20 from between the main body part 2121 and the second insulating part 2132.
  • the second sealing part 2152 can seal the main body part 2121 and the second insulating part 2132, thereby Prevent electrolyte leakage.
  • the second seal 2152 abuts the connector 214 .
  • one end of the second sealing portion 2152 is in contact with the connecting member 214 and has positive pressure interacting with the connecting member 214 .
  • the risk of other impurities entering between the main body portion 2121 and the second insulating portion 2132 can be reduced, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 20.
  • the first sealing member 215 is sealingly disposed between the third insulating part 2133 and the connecting part 2113 .
  • the first sealing member 215 can also seal the third insulating part 2133 and the connecting part 2113 to prevent the electrolyte from leaking from between the third insulating part 2133 and the connecting part 2113 or other impurities from leaking from the third insulating part 2133 and the connecting part 2113 into the battery cell 20.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic top view of the end cap 211 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view at the position H-H in Fig. 14.
  • Figure 16 is an enlarged view of position I in Figure 15.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic top view of the end cap assembly 21 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view at the J-J position in Figure 17 .
  • Figure 19 is an enlarged view of the K position in Figure 18.
  • the first insulating portion 2131 is located on a side of the end cover 211 facing the inside of the battery cell 20 , and the first insulating portion 2131 is used to insulate and isolate the end cover 211 from the inside of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first insulating portion 2131 is a portion of the insulating member 213 located on the side of the end cap 211 facing the inside of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first insulating portion 2131 is a portion of the insulating member 213 located on the side of the end cap 211 close to the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the inside of the battery cell 20 refers to the accommodation space surrounded by the end cover 211 and the casing 23 .
  • the accommodation space is used to place the electrode assembly 22 . Therefore, facing the inside of the battery cell 20 can also be understood as facing the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the end cover 211 and the internal components of the battery cell 20 can be insulated and isolated, thereby avoiding contact between the end cover 211 and the inside of the battery cell 20 .
  • the problem of fire or explosion accidents in the battery cell 20 can be alleviated to a certain extent.
  • the end cap 211 further includes a connecting portion 2113 surrounding the mounting portion 2112.
  • the connecting portion 2113 and the mounting portion 2112 jointly define a receiving gap 2114.
  • the third insulating portion 2133 is at least partially received in the receiving notch 2114 .
  • the connecting portion 2113 is a portion of the end cap 211 that is immediately adjacent to the mounting portion 2112 and located outside the mounting portion 2112 .
  • the thickness of each position on the connecting part 2113 is the same (for example, the connecting part 2113 may have a plate-like structure), and the thickness of the connecting part 2113 may be greater than the thickness of the mounting part 2112.
  • one side of the connecting portion 2113 is flush with one side of the mounting portion 2112 , and the other side of the connecting portion 2113 exceeds the other side of the mounting portion 2112 .
  • one side of the connecting portion 2113 extends beyond one side of the mounting portion 2112, and the other side of the connecting portion 2113 extends beyond the other side of the mounting portion 2112.
  • the accommodation notch 2114 is an accommodation space surrounded by one side of the mounting portion 2112 along the thickness direction and the surface of the connecting portion 2113 close to the mounting portion 2112 .
  • the accommodating notch 2114 may be a groove-shaped structure on the end cover 211 .
  • the height of the third insulating part 2133 protruding from the side of the end cover 211 away from the housing 23 can be reduced. Reduces the risk of interference with other components.
  • the accommodating notch 2114 is connected with the mounting hole 2111, so that the third insulating part 2133 can be directly accommodated in the accommodating notch 2114 without having to bypass the mounting part 2112.
  • the thickness of the connecting portion 2113 is smaller than the thickness of the mounting portion 2112 .
  • one side of the mounting portion 2112 is flush with one side of the connecting portion 2113 , and the other side of the mounting portion 2112 exceeds the other side of the connecting portion 2113 .
  • the accommodating gap 2114 is not connected to the mounting hole 2111, and the third insulating part 2133 needs to bypass the mounting part 2112 and extend into the accommodating gap 2114.
  • the connecting portion 2113 has a third surface facing away from the housing 23 , and the third insulating portion 2133 does not protrude from the third surface in a direction away from the housing 23 .
  • the third insulating part 2133 does not protrude from the third surface in the direction away from the housing 23” means that along the thickness direction, the distance from the surface of the third insulating part 2133 away from the housing 23 to the housing 23 is less than or equal to the third surface. distance to the housing 23.
  • the third insulating part 2133 has a fourth surface facing away from the housing 23 along the thickness direction.
  • the fourth surface is flush with the third surface.
  • the fourth surface specifically refers to the surface of the third insulating portion 2133 facing away from the housing 23 along the thickness direction. “The fourth surface is flush with the third surface” means that along the thickness direction, the distance from the fourth surface to the housing 23 is equal to the distance from the third surface to the housing 23 .
  • the receiving notch 2114 just accommodates the third insulating portion 2133, and there is no need to make the depth of the receiving notch 2114 too deep. In this way, the thickness of the connecting portion 2113 is also smaller, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 further includes a second sealing member 216 , which is at least partially sealingly disposed between the electrode terminal 212 and the second insulating portion 2132 .
  • the second sealing member 216 is a structure that can achieve a sealing function, such as sealant, sealing gasket or sealing sheet.
  • “Sealing arrangement” refers to an arrangement that enables the second sealing member 216 to perform a sealing function.
  • the second seal 216 may be interference-fitted between the electrode terminal 212 and the second insulating portion 2132 .
  • the gap between the electrode terminal 212 and the second insulating portion 2132 may cause the electrolyte to leak out of the battery cell 20 or other impurities to penetrate into the battery cell 20 , so the second seal 216 is at least partially sealed at the electrode terminal. 212 and the second insulating part 2132 , the electrode terminal 212 and the second insulating part 2132 can be sealed, thereby reducing the risk of electrolyte leakage from the battery cell 20 or other impurities entering the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 further includes a connecting piece 214 , and the connecting piece 214 is located on a side of the end cap 211 away from the housing 23 .
  • the connecting piece 214 is connected to the electrode terminal 212 , and the connecting piece 214 is used to output the electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cap 211 also includes a connecting part 2113, and the connecting part 2113 is surrounded by the mounting part 2112.
  • the second sealing member 216 includes a third sealing portion 2161 and a fourth sealing portion 2162 .
  • the third sealing portion 2161 is sealingly provided between the electrode terminal 212 and the second insulating portion 2132 .
  • the fourth sealing portion 2162 is sealingly provided between the connecting piece 214 and the connecting portion 2113 .
  • the third sealing part 2161 and the fourth sealing part 2162 may be directly connected together, or may be connected together through an intermediate connection part 2113 .
  • the third sealing portion 2161 is at least partially located between the electrode terminal 212 and the second insulating portion 2132 to seal the electrode terminal 212 and the second insulating portion 2132.
  • the fourth sealing portion 2162 is at least partially located between the connecting portion 2113 and the connecting portion 2113 to seal the connecting piece 214 and the connecting portion 2113 .
  • the third sealing part 2161 may have a cylindrical structure, and the third sealing part 2161 may be sleeved on the outside of the electrode terminal 212 .
  • the fourth sealing part 2162 may have an annular structure, and the fourth sealing part 2162 is connected to the outer periphery of the third sealing part 2161. In this way, the third sealing part 2161 and the fourth sealing part 2162 have a flange shape as a whole.
  • the electrode terminal 212 can be limited, and the connecting piece 214 can resist the fourth sealing portion 2162 to prevent the electrode terminal 212 from deviating from the connecting piece along the thickness direction.
  • the direction of 214 is away from the mounting hole 2111.
  • the connecting member 214 can conveniently output the electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the third sealing part 2161 can seal the electrode terminal 212 and the second insulating part 2132 to prevent the electrolyte from leaking from between the electrode terminal 212 and the second insulating part 2132.
  • the fourth sealing part 2162 can seal the connecting part 214 and the connecting part 2113. While sealing the connecting part 2113 and the connecting part 214, it also seals the third insulating part 2133 and the connecting part 2113 to prevent other impurities from entering the battery cells.
  • the third insulating part 2133 can seal the main body part 2121 and the second insulating part 2132, thereby Prevent other impurities from entering the battery cell 20 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 includes an electrode assembly 22, a case 23 and the above-mentioned end cap assembly 21.
  • the housing 23 has an accommodating space open at one end, and the accommodating space is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the end cap 211 is connected to the housing 23 and closes the opening.
  • Electrode terminal 212 is electrically connected to electrode assembly 22 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery 100.
  • the battery 100 includes a box 10 and the above-mentioned battery cells 20.
  • the battery cells 20 are accommodated in the box 10.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electrical device.
  • the electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery 100 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an end cover assembly 21.
  • the end cover assembly 21 is used for a battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a case 23.
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes an end cap 211 , an electrode terminal 212 and an insulator 213 .
  • the end cap 211 is used to close the opening of the housing 23 .
  • the end cap 211 has a mounting portion 2112 that defines a mounting hole 2111 .
  • the electrode terminal 212 is at least partially inserted through the mounting hole 2111 .
  • the insulating member 213 includes a first insulating part 2131, a second insulating part 2132 and a third insulating part 2133 connected in sequence.
  • the second insulating part 2132 is at least partially located in the mounting hole 2111, and the first insulating part 2131 and the third insulating part 2133 They are respectively located on both sides of the mounting portion 2112 along the thickness direction of the end cover 211 to cover the mounting portion 2112 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 also includes a connector 214 , which is located on the side of the end cover 211 away from the housing 23 .
  • the connector 214 is connected to the electrode terminal 212 , and the connector 214 is used to output the electrical energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first insulating portion 2131 is at least partially located between the connecting member 214 and the end cover 211 to insulate and isolate the connecting member 214 and the end cover 211 .
  • the electrode terminal 212 includes a main body part 2121 and a limiting part 2122.
  • the limiting part 2122 is surrounding the main body part 2121.
  • the main body part 2121 is at least partially located in the mounting hole 2111.
  • the limiting part 2122 and the connecting part 2113 are arranged oppositely.
  • the end cap assembly 21 further includes a first sealing member 215 , which is at least partially sealingly disposed between the connecting portion 2113 and the limiting portion 2122 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 further includes a second sealing member 216 that is at least partially sealingly disposed between the electrode terminal 212 and the second insulating portion 2132 .
  • the insulating member 213 of the end cap assembly 21 extends into the mounting hole 2111 from one side of the mounting portion 2112 along the thickness direction of the end cap 211 , and extends from the other side of the mounting portion 2112 along the thickness direction of the end cap 211
  • the mounting hole 2111 covers the mounting part 2112, and the second insulating part 2132 blocks the inner wall of the mounting hole 2111, so that the inner wall of the mounting hole 2111 is insulated from the electrode terminal 212, and prevents the electrode terminal 212 from contacting the inner wall of the mounting hole 2111. This causes a short circuit, which alleviates the problem of fire or explosion accidents in the battery cell 20 to a certain extent.
  • the electrode terminal 212 can be limited, and the connecting piece 214 can resist the first insulating portion 2131 to prevent the electrode terminal 212 from deviating from the connecting piece along the thickness direction.
  • the direction of 214 is away from the mounting hole 2111.
  • the connecting member 214 can conveniently output the electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first insulating part 2131 is at least partially located between the connecting member 214 and the end cover 211, which can insulate and isolate the connecting member 214 and the end cover 211, prevent the connecting member 214 from contacting the end cover 211 and cause a short circuit, and relieve the battery cell stress to a certain extent. The problem of fire or explosion accident occurs in the body 20.
  • the main part 2121 is passed through the mounting hole 2111, and the limiting part 2122 is connected to the main part 2121.
  • the limiting part 2122 can resist the first seal 215 to limit the direction of the main part 2121 from along the thickness direction toward the connecting member 214. Disengage from the mounting hole 2111.
  • the small gap between the third insulating part 2133 and the connecting part 2113 may cause the electrolyte to seep out from the battery cell 20 or other impurities to penetrate into the battery cell 20 , so the first seal 215 is at least partially sealed at the connection. Between the connecting part 2113 and the limiting part 2122, the connecting part 2113 and the limiting part 2122 can be sealed.
  • the connecting part 2113 and the limiting part 2122 are sealed, the third insulating part 2133 and the connecting part 2113 are also sealed, reducing the The risk of electrolyte leakage from the battery cell 20 or other impurities entering the battery cell 20 is eliminated.
  • the end cover 211 and the internal components of the battery cell 20 can be insulated and isolated, thereby avoiding contact between the end cover 211 and the inside of the battery cell 20 .
  • the gap between the electrode terminal 212 and the second insulating portion 2132 may cause the electrolyte to leak out of the battery cell 20 or other impurities to penetrate into the battery cell 20 , so the second seal 216 is at least partially sealed at the electrode terminal. 212 and the second insulating part 2132 , the electrode terminal 212 and the second insulating part 2132 can be sealed, thereby reducing the risk of electrolyte leakage from the battery cell 20 or other impurities entering the battery cell 20 .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备，涉及电池领域。端盖组件包括端盖、电极端子及绝缘件。端盖用于封闭壳体的开口。端盖具有安装部，安装部限定出安装孔。电极端子至少部分穿设于安装孔。绝缘件包括依次连接的第一绝缘部、第二绝缘部和第三绝缘部。第二绝缘部至少部分位于安装孔内，且第一绝缘部和第三绝缘部分别位于安装部沿端盖的厚度方向的两侧，以包覆安装部。该端盖组件的绝缘件从安装部沿着端盖的厚度方向的一侧伸入安装孔内，并从安装部沿着端盖的厚度方向的另一侧伸出安装孔，实现对安装部的包覆，第二绝缘部遮挡住安装孔的内壁，使得安装孔的内壁与电极端子绝缘隔离，避免电极端子与安装孔的内壁接触而导致短路。

Description

端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体而言，涉及一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备。
背景技术
电池在新能源领域应用甚广，例如电动汽车、新能源汽车等，新能源汽车、电动汽车已经成为汽车产业的发展新趋势。电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。但是，现有技术中电池的安全性不佳，偶尔会发生起火或者爆炸事故。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备，其旨在改善相关技术中电池的安全性不佳，偶尔会发生起火或者爆炸事故的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件，所述端盖组件用于电池单体，所述电池单体包括壳体，所述端盖组件包括端盖、电极端子及绝缘件，所述端盖用于封闭所述壳体的开口，所述端盖具有安装部，所述安装部限定出安装孔；所述电极端子至少部分穿设于所述安装孔；所述绝缘件包括依次连接的第一绝缘部、第二绝缘部和第三绝缘部，所述第二绝缘部至少部分位于所述安装孔内，且所述第一绝缘部和所述第三绝缘部分别位于所述安装部沿所述端盖的厚度方向的两侧，以包覆所述安装部。
在上述技术方案中，该端盖组件的绝缘件从安装部沿着端盖的厚度方向的一侧伸入安装孔内，并从安装部沿着端盖的厚度方向的另一侧伸出安装孔，实现对安装部的包覆，第二绝缘部遮挡住安装孔的内壁，使得安装孔的内壁与电极端子绝缘隔离，避免电极端子与安装孔的内壁接触而导致短路，从一定程度上缓解电池单体发生起火或者爆炸事故的问题。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖组件还包括连接件，所述连接件位于所述端盖背离所述壳体的一侧，所述连接件连接于所述电极端子，所述连接件用于输出所述电池单体的电能；其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一绝缘部至少部分位于所述连接件和所述端盖之间，以绝缘隔离所述连接件和所述端盖。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置连接件连接电极端子，一方面，能够对电极端子起到限位作用，连接件能够抵持于第一绝缘部，以防止电极端子从沿着厚度方向背离连接件的方向脱离安装孔。另一方面，连接件能够方便地输出电池单体的电能。第一绝缘部至少部分位于连接件和端盖之间，能够将连接件和端盖绝缘隔离，避免连接件与端盖接触而发生短路，从一定程度上缓解电池单体发生起火或者爆炸事故的问题。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖还包括连接部，所述连接部围设于所述安装部，所述连接部和所述安装部共同限定出容纳缺口，所述第三绝缘部至少部分容纳于所述容纳缺口。
在上述技术方案中，将第三绝缘部至少部分设置于连接部和安装部限定出的容纳缺口内，能够减小第三绝缘部凸出于端盖的朝向壳体的一侧的高度，减小第三绝缘部对电池单体内部空间的占用，有利于提升电池单体的能量密度。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述连接部具有背离所述连接件的第一表面，所述第三绝缘部沿背离所述连接件的方向不凸出于所述第一表面。
在上述技术方案中，通过使第三绝缘部沿背离连接件的方向不凸出于第一表面，避免第三绝缘部占用电池单体的内部空间，有利于提升电池单体的能量密度。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，沿所述厚度方向，所述第三绝缘部具有背离所述连接件的第二表面，所述第二表面与所述第一表面平齐。
在上述技术方案中，通过使第一表面与第二表面平齐，容纳缺口刚好容纳第三绝缘部，不需要使容纳缺口的深度过深。这样，连接部的厚度也较小，有利于提升电池单体的能量密度。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述电极端子包括主体部和限位部，所述限位部围设于所述主体部的周围，所述主体部至少部分位于所述安装孔内，沿所述厚度方向，所述限位部与所述连接部相对设置；所述端盖组件还包括第一密封件，所述第一密封件至少部分密封设置于所述连接部和所述限位部之间。
在上述技术方案中，主体部穿设于安装孔，限位部连接于主体部，限位部能够抵持于第一密封件，以限制主体部从沿着厚度方向朝向连接件的方向脱离安装孔。第三绝缘部和连接部之间的微小间隙可能会导致电解液从电池单体内渗出或其他杂质渗入电池单体内，因此将第一密封件至少部分密封设置于连接部和限位部之间，能够将连接部和限位部密封，在密封连接部和限位部的同时，也就密封了第三绝缘部和连接部，降低了电解液从电池单体内泄漏或者其他杂质进入到电池单体内的风险。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述第一密封件包括第一密封部和第二密封部，所述第一密封部密封设置于所述连接部和所述限位部之间，所述第二密封部密封设置于主体部和第二绝缘部之间。
在上述技术方案中，第一密封部能够将连接部和限位部密封，避免电解液从连接部与限位部之间泄漏或者其他杂质从连接部和限位部之间进入到电池单体内。进一步地，第二密封部能够将主体部和第二绝缘部密封，避免其他杂质从主体部和第二绝缘部之间进入到电池单体内。另外，即使第一密封部的密封部分失效，使得电解液进入到主体部和第二绝缘部之间，第二密封部也能够将主体部和第二绝缘部密封，从而防止电解液泄露。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述第二密封部抵靠于所述连接件。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第二密封部抵靠于连接件，可降低其他杂质进入到主体部和第二绝缘部之间的风险，提升电池单体的安全性能。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一绝缘部位于所述端盖的朝向所述电池单体内部的一侧，所述第一绝缘部用于绝缘隔离所述端盖和所述电池单体内部。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第一绝缘部设置于端盖的朝向电池单体内部的一侧，能够将端盖和电池单体内部的部件绝缘隔离，避免端盖与电池单体内部的部件接触而发生短路，从一定程度上缓解电池单体发生起火或者爆炸事故的问题。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖还包括连接部，所述连接部围设于所述安装部，所述连接部和所述安装部共同限定出容纳缺口，所述第三绝缘部至少部分容纳于所述容纳缺口。
在上述技术方案中，将第三绝缘部至少部分设置于连接部和安装部限定出的容纳缺口内，能够减小第三绝缘部凸出于端盖的背离壳体的一侧的高度，降低与其他部件发生干涉的风险。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述连接部具有背离所述壳体的第 三表面，所述第三绝缘部沿背离所述壳体的方向不凸出于所述第三表面。
在上述技术方案中，通过使第三绝缘部沿背离壳体的方向不凸出于第三表面，在一定程度上避免第三绝缘部与其他部件发生干涉，便于设置其他部件。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，沿所述厚度方向，所述第三绝缘部具有背离所述壳体的第四表面，所述第四表面与所述第三表面平齐。
在上述技术方案中，通过使第三表面与第四表面平齐，容纳缺口刚好容纳第三绝缘部，不需要使容纳缺口的深度过深。这样，连接部的厚度也较小，有利于提升电池单体的能量密度。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖组件还包括第二密封件，所述第二密封件至少部分密封设置于所述电极端子和所述第二绝缘部之间。
在上述技术方案中，电极端子和第二绝缘部之间的间隙可能会导致电解液从电池单体内渗出或其他杂质渗入电池单体内，因此将第二密封件至少部分密封设置于电极端子和第二绝缘部之间，能够将电极端子和第二绝缘部密封，降低了电解液从电池单体内泄漏或者其他杂质进入到电池单体内的风险。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖组件还包括连接件，所述连接件位于所述端盖背离所述壳体的一侧，所述连接件连接于所述电极端子，所述连接件用于输出所述电池单体的电能；所述端盖还包括连接部，所述连接部围设于所述安装部；所述第二密封件包括第三密封部和第四密封部，所述第三密封部密封设置于所述电极端子和所述第二绝缘部之间，所述第四密封部密封设置于所述连接件和所述连接部之间。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置连接件连接电极端子，一方面，能够对电极端子起到限位作用，连接件能够抵持于第四密封部，以防止电极端子从沿着厚度方向背离连接件的方向脱离安装孔。另一方面，连接件能够方便地输出电池单体的电能。第三密封部能够将电极端子和第二绝缘部密封，避免电解液从电极端子与第二绝缘部之间泄漏。进一步地，第三绝缘部和连接部之间的微小间隙可能会导致其他杂质从第三绝缘部和连接部之间进入到电池单体内。第四密封部能够将连接件和连接部密封，在密封连接部和连接件的同时，也就密封了第三绝缘部和连接部，避免其他杂质进入到电池单体内。另外，即使第四密封部的密封部分失效，使得其他杂质进入到主体部和第二绝缘部之间，第三绝缘部也能够将主体部和第二绝缘部密封，从而防止其他杂质进入到电池单体内。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种电池单体，所述电池单体包括电极组件、壳体和上述的端盖组件，所述壳体具有一端开口的容纳空间，所述容纳空间用于容纳所述电极组件；所述端盖连接于所述壳体并封闭所述开口，所述电极端子与所述电极组件电连接。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种电池，所述电池包括箱体和上述的电池单体，所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种用电设备，所述用电设备包括上述的电池。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖的俯视示意图；
图6为图5中A-A位置的剖视图；
图7为图6中B位置的放大图；
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的俯视示意图；
图9为图8中D-D位置的剖视图；
图10为图9中E位置的放大图；
图11为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的俯视示意图；
图12为图11中F-F位置的剖视图；
图13为图12中G位置的放大图；
图14为本申请又一些实施例提供的端盖的俯视示意图；
图15为图14中H-H位置的剖视图；
图16为图15中I位置的放大图；
图17为本申请又一些实施例提供的端盖组件的俯视示意图；
图18为图17中J-J位置的剖视图；
图19为图18中K位置的放大图。
图标：10-箱体；11-第一部分；12-第二部分；20-电池单体；21-端盖组件；211-端盖；2111-安装孔；2112-安装部；2113-连接部；2114-容纳缺口；212-电极端子；2121-主体部；2122-限位部；213-绝缘件；2131-第一绝缘部；2132-第二绝缘部；2133-第三绝缘部；214-连接件；215-第一密封件；2151-第一密封部；2152-第二密封部；216-第二密封件；2161-第三密封部；2162-第四密封部；22-电极组件；23-壳体；100-电池；200-控制器；300-马达；1000-车辆。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。但是，现有技术中电池的安全性不佳，偶尔会发生起火或者爆炸事故。
发明人进一步研究发现，电池单体的电能是通过设置在端盖上的电极端子输出或输入的，端盖需要与电极端子绝缘，以避免电极端子与端盖接触而造成短路。然而，现有技术中，对电极端子和端盖的绝缘隔离效果较差，导致电极端子和端盖有机会接触而造成短路，使得电池单体发生起火或者爆炸事故。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种端盖组件，端盖组件包括端盖、电极端子及绝缘件。端盖具有安装部，安装部限定出安装孔。电极端子至少部分穿设于安装孔。绝缘件包括依次连接的第一绝缘部、第二绝缘部和第三绝缘部，第二绝缘部至少部分位于安装孔内，且第一绝缘部和第三绝缘部分别位于安装部沿端盖的厚度方向的两侧，以包覆安装部。
该端盖组件的绝缘件从安装部沿着端盖的厚度方向的一侧伸入安装孔内，并从安装部沿着端盖的厚度方向的另一侧伸出安装孔，实现对安装部的包覆，第二绝缘 部遮挡住安装孔的内壁，使得安装孔的内壁与电极端子绝缘隔离，避免电极端子与安装孔的内壁接触而导致短路，从一定程度上缓解电池单体发生起火或者爆炸事故的问题。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。其中，箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，第一部分11和第二部分12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第二部分12可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分11可以为板状结构，第一部分11盖合于第二部分12的开口侧，以使第一部分11与第二部分12共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分11的开口侧盖合于第二部分12的开口侧。当然，第一部分11和第二部分12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池单体或一次电池单体；还可以是锂硫电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的分解结构示意图。电池单体20是指组成电池100的最小单元。如图3，电池单体20包括有端盖组件21、电极组件22以及壳体23。
端盖组件21包括端盖211、电极端子212及绝缘件213。其中，端盖211是 指盖合于壳体23的开口处以将电池单体20的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖211的形状可以与壳体23的形状相适应以配合壳体23。可选地，端盖211可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖211在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体20能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖211的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。电极端子212设置于端盖211。电极端子212可以用于与电极组件22电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能。在一些实施例中，端盖组件21还包括泄压机构(图中未示出)，泄压机构设置于端盖211，泄压机构用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到起爆压力时打开，以泄放电池单体20的内部压力。
壳体23是用于配合端盖211以形成电池单体20的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件22、电解液以及其他部件。壳体23和端盖211可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体23上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖211盖合开口以形成电池单体20的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖211和壳体23一体化，具体地，端盖211和壳体23可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体23的内部时，再使端盖211盖合壳体23。壳体23可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体23的形状可以根据电极组件22的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体23的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件22是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体23内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件22。电极组件22主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔离膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件22的本体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于本体部的一端或是分别位于本体部的两端。在电池100的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接电极端子212以形成电流回路。
请参照图4、图5、图6、图7、图8、图9和图10，图4为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的结构示意图。图5为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖211的俯视示意图。图6为图5中A-A位置的剖视图。图7为图6中B位置的放大图。图8为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的俯视示意图。图9为图8中D-D位置的剖视图。图10为图9中E位置的放大图。本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件21，端盖组件21包括端盖211、电极端子212及绝缘件213。端盖211用于封闭壳体23的开口。端盖211具有安装部2112，安装部2112限定出安装孔2111。电极端子212至少部分穿设于安装孔2111。绝缘件213包括依次连接的第一绝缘部2131、第二绝缘部2132和第三绝缘部2133，第二绝缘部2132至少部分位于安装孔2111内，且第一绝缘部2131和第三绝缘部2133分别位于安装部2112沿端盖211的厚度方向的两侧，以包覆安装部2112。
厚度方向为图7或图10中双箭头C所指示的方向。
安装部2112是端盖211上形成安装孔2111的部分。以端盖211为板状结构为例，安装部2112是端盖211上环绕安装孔2111的部分。安装孔2111用于安装电极端子212，使得电极端子212能够与电极组件22及用电设备电连接。
“电极端子212至少部分穿设于安装孔2111”是指电极端子212既可以只有一部分容纳于安装孔2111内，也可以是完全容纳于安装孔2111内。
绝缘件213为具有绝缘特性的材质制得，例如塑胶或橡胶等。第一绝缘部2131、第二绝缘部2132和第三绝缘部2133是绝缘件213上依次连接的三个部分。其 中，第一绝缘部2131位于安装部2112沿着端盖211厚度方向的一侧，第一绝缘部2131和第二绝缘部2132呈夹角布置，使得第二绝缘部2132伸入到安装孔2111内，第二绝缘部2132和第三绝缘部2133呈夹角布置，使得第三绝缘部2133延伸至安装部2112沿着厚度方向的另一侧。这样，绝缘件213包覆住安装部2112，第二绝缘部2132遮挡住安装孔2111的内壁，使得电极端子212与不能与安装孔2111的内壁接触，电极端子212与端盖211绝缘隔离。
该端盖组件21的绝缘件213从安装部2112沿着端盖211的厚度方向的一侧伸入安装孔2111内，并从安装部2112沿着端盖211的厚度方向的另一侧伸出安装孔2111，实现对安装部2112的包覆，第二绝缘部2132遮挡住安装孔2111的内壁，使得安装孔2111的内壁与电极端子212绝缘隔离，避免电极端子212与安装孔2111的内壁接触而导致短路，从一定程度上缓解电池单体20发生起火或者爆炸事故的问题。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件21还包括连接件214，连接件214位于端盖211背离壳体23的一侧。连接件214连接于电极端子212，连接件214用于输出电池单体20的电能。其中，沿厚度方向，第一绝缘部2131至少部分位于连接件214和端盖211之间，以绝缘隔离连接件214和端盖211。
连接件214是连接于电极端子212沿厚度方向背离壳体23的一端的部件。连接件214为导电材料制成，具有导电性，例如，连接件214可以为金属块。连接件214可以与电极端子212铆接，以输出电池单体20的电能。
第一绝缘部2131既可以是部分位于连接件214和端盖211之间，也可以是完全位于连接件214和端盖211之间。第一绝缘部2131将连接件214和端盖211绝缘隔离，以避免连接件214与端盖211接触而发生短路。
通过设置连接件214连接电极端子212，一方面，能够对电极端子212起到限位作用，连接件214能够抵持于第一绝缘部2131，以防止电极端子212从沿着厚度方向背离连接件214的方向脱离安装孔2111。另一方面，连接件214能够方便地输出电池单体20的电能。第一绝缘部2131至少部分位于连接件214和端盖211之间，能够将连接件214和端盖211绝缘隔离，避免连接件214与端盖211接触而发生短路，从一定程度上缓解电池单体20发生起火或者爆炸事故的问题。
在一些实施例中，端盖211还包括连接部2113，连接部2113围设于安装部2112，连接部2113和安装部2112共同限定出容纳缺口2114。第三绝缘部2133至少部分容纳于容纳缺口2114。
连接部2113是端盖211上紧邻安装部2112且位于安装部2112外侧的部分。连接部2113上各位置的厚度相同(例如连接部2113可以为板状结构)，连接部2113的厚度可以大于安装部2112的厚度。在本实施例中，沿着厚度方向上，连接部2113的一侧面与安装部2112的一侧面相平齐，连接部2113的另一侧面超出于安装部2112的另一侧面。在另一些实施例中，沿着厚度方向上，连接部2113的一侧面超出于安装部2112的一侧面，连接部2113的另一侧面超出于安装部2112的另一侧面。
容纳缺口2114是安装部2112沿厚度方向的一侧面与连接部2113靠近安装部2112的表面围成的容纳空间。容纳缺口2114可以是端盖211上的槽型结构。
将第三绝缘部2133至少部分设置于连接部2113和安装部2112限定出的容纳缺口2114内，能够减小第三绝缘部2133凸出于端盖211的朝向壳体23的一侧的高度，减小第三绝缘部2133对电池单体20内部空间的占用，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。
在本实施例中，容纳缺口2114与安装孔2111连通，这样，第三绝缘部2133可以直接容纳于容纳缺口2114内，而不必绕过安装部2112。
在另一些实施例中，连接部2113的厚度小于安装部2112的厚度。例如，沿 着厚度方向上，安装部2112的一侧面与连接部2113的一侧面相平齐，安装部2112的另一侧面超出于连接部2113的另一侧面。此时，容纳缺口2114与安装孔2111不连通，第三绝缘部2133需绕过安装部2112并延伸至容纳缺口2114内。
请参照图10，在一些实施例中，连接部2113具有背离连接件214的第一表面，第三绝缘部2133沿背离连接件214的方向不凸出于第一表面。
“第三绝缘部2133沿背离连接件214的方向不凸出于第一表面”是指沿厚度方向，第三绝缘部2133背离连接件214的表面到连接件214的距离小于或等于第一表面到连接件214的距离。
通过使第三绝缘部2133沿背离连接件214的方向不凸出于第一表面，避免第三绝缘部2133占用电池单体20的内部空间，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，沿厚度方向，第三绝缘部2133具有背离连接件214的第二表面。第二表面与第一表面平齐。
第二表面特指沿厚度方向，第三绝缘部2133背离连接件214的表面。“第二表面与第一表面平齐”是指沿厚度方向，第二表面到连接件214的距离等于第一表面到连接件214的距离。
通过使第一表面与第二表面平齐，容纳缺口2114刚好容纳第三绝缘部2133，不需要使容纳缺口2114的深度过深。这样，连接部2113的厚度也较小，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。
请参照图10，在一些实施例中，电极端子212包括主体部2121和限位部2122，限位部2122围设于主体部2121的周围。主体部2121至少部分位于安装孔2111内。沿厚度方向，限位部2122与连接部2113相对设置。端盖组件21还包括第一密封件215，第一密封件215至少部分密封设置于连接部2113和限位部2122之间。
主体部2121是电极端子212发挥其作用的主要部分。主体部2121可以部分位于安装孔2111内，也可以完全位于安装孔2111内。
限位部2122连接于主体部2121，且围设于主体部2121的周围，限位部2122用于与其他部件相抵接，以限制主体部2121的位置，阻止主体部2121脱离安装孔2111。例如，限位部2122可以呈圆环状，限位部2122的内侧连接于主体部2121。
第一密封件215为能够实现密封作用的结构，如密封胶、密封垫或密封片等。
“密封设置”也即能够使第一密封件215发挥密封作用的设置方式。例如，可使第一密封件215过盈配合于连接部2113和限位部2122之间。
主体部2121穿设于安装孔2111，限位部2122连接于主体部2121，限位部2122能够抵持于第一密封件215，以限制主体部2121从沿着厚度方向朝向连接件214的方向脱离安装孔2111。第三绝缘部2133和连接部2113之间的微小间隙可能会导致电解液从电池单体20内渗出或其他杂质渗入电池单体20内，因此将第一密封件215至少部分密封设置于连接部2113和限位部2122之间，能够将连接部2113和限位部2122密封，在密封连接部2113和限位部2122的同时，也就密封了第三绝缘部2133和连接部2113，降低了电解液从电池单体20内泄漏或者其他杂质进入到电池单体20内的风险。
请参照图11、图12和图13，图11为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的俯视示意图。图12为图11中F-F位置的剖视图。图13为图12中G位置的放大图。在另一些实施例中，第一密封件215包括第一密封部2151和第二密封部2152，第一密封部2151密封设置于连接部2113和限位部2122之间。第二密封部2152密封设置于主体部2121和第二绝缘部2132之间。
第一密封部2151和第二密封部2152可以是直接连接在一起，也可以是通过 中间连接部连接在一起。其中，第一密封部2151至少部分位于连接部2113和限位部2122之间，以密封连接部2113和限位部2122。第二密封部2152至少部分位于主体部2121和第二绝缘部2132之间，以密封主体部2121和第二绝缘部2132。
第二密封部2152可以呈筒状结构，第二密封部2152可以套设于主体部2121的外侧。第一密封部2151可以呈环状结构，第一密封部2151连接于第二密封部2152的外周。这样，第一密封部2151和第二密封部2152整体呈法兰状。
第一密封部2151能够将连接部2113和限位部2122密封，避免电解液从连接部2113与限位部2122之间泄漏或者其他杂质从连接部2113和限位部2122之间进入到电池单体20内。进一步地，第二密封部2152能够将主体部2121和第二绝缘部2132密封，避免其他杂质从主体部2121和第二绝缘部2132之间进入到电池单体20内。另外，即使第一密封部2151的密封部分失效，使得电解液进入到主体部2121和第二绝缘部2132之间，第二密封部2152也能够将主体部2121和第二绝缘部2132密封，从而防止电解液泄露。
在一些实施例中，第二密封部2152抵靠于连接件214。
沿厚度方向，第二密封部2152的一端与连接件214相接触，并且与连接件214具有相互作用的正压力。
通过将第二密封部2152抵靠于连接件214，可降低其他杂质进入到主体部2121和第二绝缘部2132之间的风险，提升电池单体20的安全性能。
在另一些实施例中，第一密封件215密封设置于第三绝缘部2133与连接部2113之间。这样，第一密封件215同样能够将第三绝缘部2133和连接部2113密封，避免电解液从第三绝缘部2133与连接部2113之间泄漏或者其他杂质从第三绝缘部2133和连接部2113之间进入到电池单体20内。
请参照图14、图15、图16、图17、图18和图19，图14为本申请又一些实施例提供的端盖211的俯视示意图。图15为图14中H-H位置的剖视图。图16为图15中I位置的放大图。图17为本申请又一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的俯视示意图。图18为图17中J-J位置的剖视图。图19为图18中K位置的放大图。在又一些实施例中，沿厚度方向，第一绝缘部2131位于端盖211的朝向电池单体20内部的一侧，第一绝缘部2131用于绝缘隔离端盖211和电池单体20内部。
第一绝缘部2131是绝缘件213中位于端盖211的朝向电池单体20内部的一侧的部分。换句话说，第一绝缘部2131是绝缘件213中位于端盖211的靠近电极组件22的一侧的部分。
电池单体20的内部是指端盖211与壳体23围成的容纳空间。该容纳空间用于放置电极组件22，因此，朝向电池单体20的内部也可以理解为朝向电极组件22。
通过将第一绝缘部2131设置于端盖211的朝向电池单体20内部的一侧，能够将端盖211和电池单体20内部的部件绝缘隔离，避免端盖211与电池单体20内部的部件接触而发生短路，从一定程度上缓解电池单体20发生起火或者爆炸事故的问题。
在一些实施例中，端盖211还包括连接部2113，连接部2113围设于安装部2112，连接部2113和安装部2112共同限定出容纳缺口2114。第三绝缘部2133至少部分容纳于容纳缺口2114。
连接部2113是端盖211上紧邻安装部2112且位于安装部2112外侧的部分。连接部2113上各位置的厚度相同(例如连接部2113可以为板状结构)，连接部2113的厚度可以大于安装部2112的厚度。在本实施例中，沿着厚度方向上，连接部2113的一侧面与安装部2112的一侧面相平齐，连接部2113的另一侧面超出于安装部2112的另一侧面。在另一些实施例中，沿着厚度方向上，连接部2113的一侧面超出于 安装部2112的一侧面，连接部2113的另一侧面超出于安装部2112的另一侧面。
容纳缺口2114是安装部2112沿厚度方向的一侧面与连接部2113靠近安装部2112的表面围成的容纳空间。容纳缺口2114可以是端盖211上的槽型结构。
将第三绝缘部2133至少部分设置于连接部2113和安装部2112限定出的容纳缺口2114内，能够减小第三绝缘部2133凸出于端盖211的背离壳体23的一侧的高度，降低与其他部件发生干涉的风险。
在本实施例中，容纳缺口2114与安装孔2111连通，这样，第三绝缘部2133可以直接容纳于容纳缺口2114内，而不必绕过安装部2112。
在另一些实施例中，连接部2113的厚度小于安装部2112的厚度。例如，沿着厚度方向上，安装部2112的一侧面与连接部2113的一侧面相平齐，安装部2112的另一侧面超出于连接部2113的另一侧面。此时，容纳缺口2114与安装孔2111不连通，第三绝缘部2133需绕过安装部2112并延伸至容纳缺口2114内。
在一些实施例中，连接部2113具有背离壳体23的第三表面，第三绝缘部2133沿背离壳体23的方向不凸出于第三表面。
“第三绝缘部2133沿背离壳体23的方向不凸出于第三表面”是指沿厚度方向，第三绝缘部2133背离壳体23的表面到壳体23的距离小于或等于第三表面到壳体23的距离。
通过使第三绝缘部2133沿背离壳体23的方向不凸出于第三表面，在一定程度上避免第三绝缘部2133与其他部件发生干涉，便于设置其他部件。
在一些实施例中，沿厚度方向，第三绝缘部2133具有背离壳体23的第四表面。第四表面与第三表面平齐。
第四表面特指沿厚度方向，第三绝缘部2133背离壳体23的表面。“第四表面与第三表面平齐”是指沿厚度方向，第四表面到壳体23的距离等于第三表面到壳体23的距离。
通过使第三表面与第四表面平齐，容纳缺口2114刚好容纳第三绝缘部2133，不需要使容纳缺口2114的深度过深。这样，连接部2113的厚度也较小，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。
请参照图19，在又一些实施例中，端盖组件21还包括第二密封件216，第二密封件216至少部分密封设置于电极端子212和第二绝缘部2132之间。
第二密封件216为能够实现密封作用的结构，如密封胶、密封垫或密封片等。
“密封设置”也即能够使第二密封件216发挥密封作用的设置方式。例如，可使第二密封件216过盈配合于电极端子212和第二绝缘部2132之间。
电极端子212和第二绝缘部2132之间的间隙可能会导致电解液从电池单体20内渗出或其他杂质渗入电池单体20内，因此将第二密封件216至少部分密封设置于电极端子212和第二绝缘部2132之间，能够将电极端子212和第二绝缘部2132密封，降低了电解液从电池单体20内泄漏或者其他杂质进入到电池单体20内的风险。
请参照图19，在又一些实施例中，端盖组件21还包括连接件214，连接件214位于端盖211背离壳体23的一侧。连接件214连接于电极端子212，连接件214用于输出电池单体20的电能。端盖211还包括连接部2113，连接部2113围设于安装部2112。第二密封件216包括第三密封部2161和第四密封部2162，第三密封部2161密封设置于电极端子212和第二绝缘部2132之间。第四密封部2162密封设置于连接件214和连接部2113之间。
第三密封部2161和第四密封部2162可以是直接连接在一起，也可以是通过中间连接部2113连接在一起。其中，第三密封部2161至少部分位于电极端子212和 第二绝缘部2132之间，以密封电极端子212和第二绝缘部2132。第四密封部2162至少部分位于连接部2113和连接部2113之间，以密封连接件214和连接部2113。
第三密封部2161可以呈筒状结构，第三密封部2161可以套设于电极端子212的外侧。第四密封部2162可以呈环状结构，第四密封部2162连接于第三密封部2161的外周。这样，第三密封部2161和第四密封部2162整体呈法兰状。
通过设置连接件214连接电极端子212，一方面，能够对电极端子212起到限位作用，连接件214能够抵持于第四密封部2162，以防止电极端子212从沿着厚度方向背离连接件214的方向脱离安装孔2111。另一方面，连接件214能够方便地输出电池单体20的电能。第三密封部2161能够将电极端子212和第二绝缘部2132密封，避免电解液从电极端子212与第二绝缘部2132之间泄漏。进一步地，第三绝缘部2133和连接部2113之间的微小间隙可能会导致其他杂质从第三绝缘部2133和连接部2113之间进入到电池单体20内。第四密封部2162能够将连接件214和连接部2113密封，在密封连接部2113和连接件214的同时，也就密封了第三绝缘部2133和连接部2113，避免其他杂质进入到电池单体20内。另外，即使第四密封部2162的密封部分失效，使得其他杂质进入到主体部2121和第二绝缘部2132之间，第三绝缘部2133也能够将主体部2121和第二绝缘部2132密封，从而防止其他杂质进入到电池单体20内。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池单体20，电池单体20包括电极组件22、壳体23和上述的端盖组件21。壳体23具有一端开口的容纳空间，容纳空间用于容纳电极组件22。端盖211连接于壳体23并封闭开口。电极端子212与电极组件22电连接。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池100，电池100包括箱体10和上述的电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。
本申请实施例还提供了一种用电设备，用电设备包括上述的电池100。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图4～图19。
本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件21，端盖组件21用于电池单体20，电池单体20包括壳体23。端盖组件21包括端盖211、电极端子212及绝缘件213。端盖211用于封闭壳体23的开口，端盖211具有安装部2112，安装部2112限定出安装孔2111。电极端子212至少部分穿设于安装孔2111。绝缘件213包括依次连接的第一绝缘部2131、第二绝缘部2132和第三绝缘部2133，第二绝缘部2132至少部分位于安装孔2111内，且第一绝缘部2131和第三绝缘部2133分别位于安装部2112沿端盖211的厚度方向的两侧，以包覆安装部2112。
端盖组件21还包括连接件214，连接件214位于端盖211背离壳体23的一侧，连接件214连接于电极端子212，连接件214用于输出电池单体20的电能。其中，沿厚度方向，第一绝缘部2131至少部分位于连接件214和端盖211之间，以绝缘隔离连接件214和端盖211。电极端子212包括主体部2121和限位部2122，限位部2122围设于主体部2121的周围，主体部2121至少部分位于安装孔2111内。沿厚度方向，限位部2122与连接部2113相对设置。端盖组件21还包括第一密封件215，第一密封件215至少部分密封设置于连接部2113和限位部2122之间。
沿厚度方向，第一绝缘部2131位于端盖211的朝向电池单体20内部的一侧，第一绝缘部2131用于绝缘隔离端盖211和电池单体20内部。端盖组件21还包括第二密封件216，第二密封件216至少部分密封设置于电极端子212和第二绝缘部2132之间。
该端盖组件21的绝缘件213从安装部2112沿着端盖211的厚度方向的一侧伸入安装孔2111内，并从安装部2112沿着端盖211的厚度方向的另一侧伸出安装孔 2111，实现对安装部2112的包覆，第二绝缘部2132遮挡住安装孔2111的内壁，使得安装孔2111的内壁与电极端子212绝缘隔离，避免电极端子212与安装孔2111的内壁接触而导致短路，从一定程度上缓解电池单体20发生起火或者爆炸事故的问题。
通过设置连接件214连接电极端子212，一方面，能够对电极端子212起到限位作用，连接件214能够抵持于第一绝缘部2131，以防止电极端子212从沿着厚度方向背离连接件214的方向脱离安装孔2111。另一方面，连接件214能够方便地输出电池单体20的电能。第一绝缘部2131至少部分位于连接件214和端盖211之间，能够将连接件214和端盖211绝缘隔离，避免连接件214与端盖211接触而发生短路，从一定程度上缓解电池单体20发生起火或者爆炸事故的问题。主体部2121穿设于安装孔2111，限位部2122连接于主体部2121，限位部2122能够抵持于第一密封件215，以限制主体部2121从沿着厚度方向朝向连接件214的方向脱离安装孔2111。第三绝缘部2133和连接部2113之间的微小间隙可能会导致电解液从电池单体20内渗出或其他杂质渗入电池单体20内，因此将第一密封件215至少部分密封设置于连接部2113和限位部2122之间，能够将连接部2113和限位部2122密封，在密封连接部2113和限位部2122的同时，也就密封了第三绝缘部2133和连接部2113，降低了电解液从电池单体20内泄漏或者其他杂质进入到电池单体20内的风险。
通过将第一绝缘部2131设置于端盖211的朝向电池单体20内部的一侧，能够将端盖211和电池单体20内部的部件绝缘隔离，避免端盖211与电池单体20内部的部件接触而发生短路，从一定程度上缓解电池单体20发生起火或者爆炸事故的问题。电极端子212和第二绝缘部2132之间的间隙可能会导致电解液从电池单体20内渗出或其他杂质渗入电池单体20内，因此将第二密封件216至少部分密封设置于电极端子212和第二绝缘部2132之间，能够将电极端子212和第二绝缘部2132密封，降低了电解液从电池单体20内泄漏或者其他杂质进入到电池单体20内的风险。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种端盖组件，用于电池单体，所述电池单体包括壳体，其中，所述端盖组件包括：
    端盖，用于封闭所述壳体的开口，所述端盖具有安装部，所述安装部限定出安装孔；
    电极端子，至少部分穿设于所述安装孔；
    绝缘件，包括依次连接的第一绝缘部、第二绝缘部和第三绝缘部，所述第二绝缘部至少部分位于所述安装孔内，且所述第一绝缘部和所述第三绝缘部分别位于所述安装部沿所述端盖的厚度方向的两侧，以包覆所述安装部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖组件还包括：
    连接件，位于所述端盖背离所述壳体的一侧，所述连接件连接于所述电极端子，所述连接件用于输出所述电池单体的电能；
    沿所述厚度方向，所述第一绝缘部至少部分位于所述连接件和所述端盖之间，以绝缘隔离所述连接件和所述端盖。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖还包括连接部，所述连接部围设于所述安装部，所述连接部和所述安装部共同限定出容纳缺口，所述第三绝缘部至少部分容纳于所述容纳缺口。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述端盖组件，其中，所述连接部具有背离所述连接件的第一表面，所述第三绝缘部沿背离所述连接件的方向不凸出于所述第一表面。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述端盖组件，其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述第三绝缘部具有背离所述连接件的第二表面，所述第二表面与所述第一表面平齐。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述端盖组件，其中，所述电极端子包括主体部和限位部，所述限位部围设于所述主体部的周围，所述主体部至少部分位于所述安装孔内，沿所述厚度方向，所述限位部与所述连接部相对设置；
    所述端盖组件还包括第一密封件，所述第一密封件至少部分密封设置于所述连接部和所述限位部之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述端盖组件，其中，所述第一密封件包括第一密封部和第二密封部，所述第一密封部密封设置于所述连接部和所述限位部之间，所述第二密封部密封设置于主体部和第二绝缘部之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述端盖组件，其中，所述第二密封部抵靠于所述连接件。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述端盖组件，其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一绝缘部位于所述端盖的朝向所述电池单体内部的一侧，所述第一绝缘部用于绝缘隔离所述端盖和所述电池单体内部。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖还包括连接部，所述连接部围设于所述安装部，所述连接部和所述安装部共同限定出容纳缺口，所述第三绝缘部至少部分容纳于所述容纳缺口。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述端盖组件，其中，所述连接部具有背离所述壳体的第三表面，所述第三绝缘部沿背离所述壳体的方向不凸出于所述第三表面。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述端盖组件，其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述第三绝缘部具有背离所述壳体的第四表面，所述第四表面与所述第三表面平齐。
  13. 根据权利要求1、9-12任一项所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖组件还包括第二密封件，所述第二密封件至少部分密封设置于所述电极端子和所述第二绝缘部之间。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖组件还包括连接件，所述 连接件位于所述端盖背离所述壳体的一侧，所述连接件连接于所述电极端子，所述连接件用于输出所述电池单体的电能；
    所述端盖还包括连接部，所述连接部围设于所述安装部；
    所述第二密封件包括第三密封部和第四密封部，所述第三密封部密封设置于所述电极端子和所述第二绝缘部之间，所述第四密封部密封设置于所述连接件和所述连接部之间。
  15. 一种电池单体，其中，包括：
    电极组件；
    壳体，具有一端开口的容纳空间，所述容纳空间用于容纳所述电极组件；
    根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的端盖组件，所述端盖连接于所述壳体并封闭所述开口，所述电极端子与所述电极组件电连接。
  16. 一种电池，其中，包括：
    箱体；
    如权利要求15所述的电池单体，所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
  17. 一种用电设备，其中，包括如权利要求16所述的电池。
PCT/CN2022/106099 2022-07-15 2022-07-15 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 WO2024011629A1 (zh)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001135357A (ja) * 1999-11-10 2001-05-18 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 密閉型電池
CN202651222U (zh) * 2012-05-22 2013-01-02 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种盖板组件、含有该盖板组件的单体电池及电池组
CN107658395A (zh) * 2017-09-15 2018-02-02 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 一种锂离子电池
CN210167389U (zh) * 2019-07-24 2020-03-20 东莞百思利新能源科技有限公司 二次电池顶盖
CN216120664U (zh) * 2021-10-20 2022-03-22 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电装置
CN216903143U (zh) * 2022-01-28 2022-07-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001135357A (ja) * 1999-11-10 2001-05-18 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 密閉型電池
CN202651222U (zh) * 2012-05-22 2013-01-02 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种盖板组件、含有该盖板组件的单体电池及电池组
CN107658395A (zh) * 2017-09-15 2018-02-02 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 一种锂离子电池
CN210167389U (zh) * 2019-07-24 2020-03-20 东莞百思利新能源科技有限公司 二次电池顶盖
CN216120664U (zh) * 2021-10-20 2022-03-22 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电装置
CN216903143U (zh) * 2022-01-28 2022-07-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电装置

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