WO2023141839A1 - 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 - Google Patents

端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023141839A1
WO2023141839A1 PCT/CN2022/074118 CN2022074118W WO2023141839A1 WO 2023141839 A1 WO2023141839 A1 WO 2023141839A1 CN 2022074118 W CN2022074118 W CN 2022074118W WO 2023141839 A1 WO2023141839 A1 WO 2023141839A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cover
guide groove
end cap
electrode terminal
installation hole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/074118
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏华圣
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/074118 priority Critical patent/WO2023141839A1/zh
Priority to EP22922689.9A priority patent/EP4358284A1/en
Priority to CN202280027521.9A priority patent/CN117157824A/zh
Publication of WO2023141839A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023141839A1/zh
Priority to US18/416,943 priority patent/US20240154219A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/152—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0422—Cells or battery with cylindrical casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/176—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/559—Terminals adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round, elliptic or button cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular, to an end cover assembly, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • batteries are used more and more widely, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, electric aircraft, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes and electric tools, etc. superior.
  • the battery cell Since the battery cell is filled with electrolyte, the battery cell needs to meet the sealing requirements to prevent the electrolyte from leaking from the inside of the battery cell to the outside of the battery cell and cause a safety accident.
  • it is generally necessary to test the airtightness of the battery cells after the battery cells are assembled.
  • the sealing performance of the battery cell is tested to meet the use requirements, the battery cell may still leak after a period of use, which affects the safety of the battery cell.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an end cover assembly, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can effectively improve the safety of the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an end cap assembly, including: an end cap having a first installation hole penetrating through the end cap along the thickness direction of the end cap, and the end cap is used to close a battery cell
  • the housing the electrode terminal is partially penetrated in the first installation hole; the sealing member is at least partially located in the first installation hole to seal the electrode terminal and the end cover; the connecting member is connected to the The electrode terminal; the first insulator, including a body part and an extension part, along the thickness direction, the body part is located between the connecting part and the end cover, and the body part is provided with a The second installation hole through which the electrode terminal passes, the extension part is located on the outer periphery of the connection part and is surrounded by the edge of the body part; the first guide channel is formed between the extension part and the connection part Between, the first guide channel communicates with the second installation hole, so that the inside of the housing communicates with the outside of the housing when the seal fails.
  • the body part of the first insulating part is located between the connecting part and the end cover, and the extension part of the first insulating part is located at the outer periphery of the connecting part, and both the main body part and the extending part can function to separate the connecting part and the end cover
  • the effect is to increase the creepage height, so that the first insulating member has a good insulating effect on the connecting member and the end cover.
  • a first guide channel is formed between the extension part and the connector, and the first guide channel communicates with the second mounting hole.
  • the first guide channel is a first guide groove provided on the inner surface of the extension part.
  • the structure of the first guide channel of this structure is simple, easy to form, and will not affect the insulation performance of the extension.
  • one end of the first guide groove extends to an end of the extension portion away from the main body portion.
  • the first flow guide groove can be formed from the end of the extension part away from the body part toward the direction close to the body part, which reduces the difficulty of forming the first flow guide groove.
  • the length of the first diversion groove is increased, and the first diversion groove will form an outlet at the end of the extension part away from the body part, even if the connecting part partially exceeds the end of the extension part away from the body part, the first diversion groove smoothness.
  • the first guide channel is a first guide groove provided on the outer surface of the connector.
  • the structure of the first guide channel of this structure is simple and easy to form. Since the first flow guide channel is arranged on the outer surface of the connecting part, the strength of the extension part will not be reduced due to the arrangement of the first flow guide channel, and the service life of the first insulating part is improved.
  • one end of the first guide groove extends to an end of the connecting member away from the main body.
  • the forming difficulty of the first diversion groove is reduced, the length of the first diversion groove is increased, and the smoothness of the first diversion groove is ensured.
  • the end cover assembly further includes: a second flow guide channel formed between the body part and the connecting piece, the second flow guide channel is used to communicate with the first flow guide channel channel and the second mounting hole.
  • the second guide channel plays the role of connecting the first guide channel and the second installation hole.
  • the second guide channel is formed between the body part and the connecting piece, which can effectively shorten the connection between the first guide channel and the second installation hole. connection path.
  • the connecting member has a first surface facing the main body; the second flow guide channel is a second flow guide groove provided on the first surface.
  • the second diversion groove is provided with the connecting piece facing the first surface of the main body, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of forming the second diversion groove.
  • the connecting piece is provided in the second guide groove, the insulation performance of the main body portion of the first insulating piece will not be affected.
  • the connecting member is provided with a third installation hole through which the electrode terminal passes; the second guide groove extends to a wall of the third installation hole.
  • This structure makes the second flow guide groove communicate with the third installation hole, since the electrode terminal passes through the second installation hole and the third installation hole, the communication between the second flow guide groove and the second installation hole can improve the connection between the second flow guide groove and the third installation hole. The connection effect of the second mounting hole.
  • the body portion has a second surface facing the connecting piece; the second flow guiding channel is a second flow guiding groove disposed on the second surface. Since the second installation hole is provided on the body part, and the second diversion groove is arranged on the second surface of the body part facing the connector, it is easier to realize the communication between the second diversion groove and the second installation hole, and improve the connection between the second diversion groove and the first The connection effect of the second mounting hole.
  • the hole wall of the second installation hole is provided with a third diversion groove, and along the thickness direction, the third diversion groove runs through the body part, and the third diversion groove communicate with the second guide groove.
  • the third diversion groove plays the role of connecting the second diversion groove and the second installation hole, and the third diversion groove can increase the gap between the body part and the electrode terminal to ensure that the inside of the housing and the outside of the housing are sealed Good connectivity in case of failure.
  • the second diversion groove extends to the first diversion groove, so that the second diversion groove communicates with the first diversion groove. This structure realizes the direct communication between the second diversion groove and the first diversion groove, and shortens the communication path connecting the interior of the casing with the exterior of the casing.
  • the width of the first flow guide groove is greater than the width of the second flow guide groove.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including: a casing having an opening; the end cap assembly provided in any one embodiment of the first aspect above, the end cap is used to cover the opening, to close the housing.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including: the battery cell provided in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect above; and a box for accommodating the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery provided in any one embodiment of the third aspect above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell.
  • the manufacturing method includes: providing a casing having an opening; providing an end cap assembly, the end cap assembly including: an end cap, There is a first installation hole penetrating through the end cover along the thickness direction of the end cover, and the end cover is used to close the casing of the battery cell; the electrode terminal is partially penetrated in the first installation hole; the sealing a member at least partially located in the first mounting hole to seal the electrode terminal and the end cover; a connecting member connected to the electrode terminal; a first insulating member including a body portion and an extension portion along the In the thickness direction, the body part is located between the connector and the end cap, the body part is provided with a second installation hole for the electrode terminal to pass through, and the extension part is located on the connector
  • the outer periphery is surrounded by the edge of the body part; the first guide channel is formed between the extension part and the connecting piece, and the first guide channel communicates with the second installation hole to communicating the exterior of the housing
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell manufacturing equipment, the manufacturing equipment includes: a first providing device for providing a housing with an opening; a second providing device for providing An end cover assembly, the end cover assembly comprising: an end cover having a first installation hole penetrating through the end cover along the thickness direction of the end cover, the end cover is used to close the casing of the battery cell; an electrode terminal , partially pierced in the first installation hole; a sealing member, at least partially located in the first installation hole, to seal the electrode terminal and the end cover; a connecting member, connected to the electrode terminal; An insulator, including a body part and an extension part.
  • the body part is located between the connecting part and the end cover, and the body part is provided with a first hole for the electrode terminal to pass through.
  • the extension part is located on the outer periphery of the connection part and is surrounded by the edge of the body part; the first guide channel is formed between the extension part and the connection part, and the first guide channel is formed between the extension part and the connection part.
  • a flow guide channel communicates with the second mounting hole, so that when the sealing member fails, the outside of the housing communicates with the inside of the housing; an assembly device is used for closing the end cover on the opening.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the end cap assembly shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the end cap assembly shown in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connector and the first insulator provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connector and the first insulator provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the connector shown in Fig. 6;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the first insulating member shown in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a battery cell manufacturing equipment provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icons 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery unit; 21-housing; 22-electrode assembly; 23-end cover assembly; 230-end cover; 2301-first installation Hole; 231-electrode terminal; 232-seal; 233-connector; 2331-outer side; 2332-third installation hole; 2333-first surface; Two installation holes; 2341b-second surface; 2341c-third diversion groove; 2342-extended part; 2342a-inner side; 235-second insulating part; 1 diversion channel; 239-second diversion channel; 100-battery; 200-controller; 300-motor; 1000-vehicle; 2000-manufacturing equipment; 2100-first providing device; - Assembled device; Z-thickness direction.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length and width of the integrated device, are for illustrative purposes only, and should not constitute any limitation to the application .
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly includes a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece, and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell includes a casing, an electrode assembly and an end cap assembly, the electrode assembly is accommodated in the casing, and the end cap assembly covers one end of the casing.
  • the end cover of the end cover assembly will be provided with a mounting hole, and the electrode terminal electrically connected to the electrode assembly will extend through the mounting hole to the outside of the end cover (the side of the end cover away from the electrode assembly) , in order to prevent the electrolyte from leaking to the outside of the battery cell through the installation hole and cause installation accidents, a seal is generally provided in the installation hole, and the electrode terminal and the end cap are sealed by the seal.
  • the sealing performance of the battery cells meets the usage requirements, the battery cells still leak liquid after a period of use, which affects the safety of the battery cells.
  • the inventor further researched and found that when the seal failed, the insulator in the end cover assembly had a certain sealing effect on the end cover and the electrode terminal, resulting in a false seal of the battery cell.
  • the false sealing phenomenon of the battery cell makes the battery cell meet the sealing test requirements, but cannot meet the actual working condition requirements.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an end cover assembly, which includes an end cover, an electrode terminal, a sealing member, a connecting member, a first insulating member and a first conduction channel.
  • the end cover has a first installation hole penetrating through the end cover along the thickness direction of the end cover, and the end cover is used to close the casing of the battery unit.
  • the electrode terminal part passes through the first installation hole.
  • a seal is at least partially located within the first mounting hole to seal the electrode terminal and the end cap.
  • the connector is connected to the electrode terminal.
  • the first insulator includes a body part and an extension part. Along the thickness direction, the body part is located between the connector and the end cover.
  • the body part is provided with a second mounting hole through which the power supply terminal passes, and the extension part is located on the outer periphery of the connector. And it is surrounded by the edge of the main body.
  • the first flow guide channel is formed between the extension part and the connecting piece, and the first flow guide channel communicates with the second installation hole, so as to make the inside of the housing communicate with the outside of the housing when the seal fails.
  • a first flow guide channel is formed between the extension part and the connecting piece, and the first flow guide channel is communicated with the second mounting hole.
  • the setting of the first guide channel will not affect the sealing performance between the body part and the end cap, and the process of injecting the electrolyte into the battery cell Even if the electrolyte remains on the end cover, the electrolyte is not easy to enter the first installation hole through the gap between the body and the end cover, reducing the electrolyte into the first installation hole so that the electrode terminal and the end cover are electrically connected , which leads to the risk of electrification of the end cap and improves the safety of the battery cell.
  • the end cap assembly described in the embodiments of the present application is suitable for battery cells, batteries and electric equipment using batteries.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not impose special limitations on the above electric equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is a component for accommodating the battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 provides an accommodation space for the battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 may adopt various structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12 , and the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other to define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cells 20 .
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as cuboid, cylinder and so on.
  • the first part 11 can be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second part 12 can also be a hollow structure with one side open.
  • the open side of the second part 12 is covered with the open side of the first part 11 to form a box with accommodating space.
  • first part 11 is a hollow structure with one side open
  • second part 12 is a plate-like structure
  • the second part 12 covers the open side of the first part 11 to form a box body 10 with a receiving space.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be sealed by a sealing element, and the sealing element can be a sealing ring, a sealant, or the like.
  • the battery 100 there may be one or a plurality of battery cells 20 . If there are multiple battery cells 20 , the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a whole and accommodated in the box 10 . It is also possible that all the battery cells 20 are directly connected in series, parallel or mixed together, and then all the battery cells 20 are housed in the case 10 as a whole.
  • the battery 100 may further include a confluence component, through which the plurality of battery cells 20 may be electrically connected, so as to realize series connection, parallel connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the bus component may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 and an end cap assembly 23 .
  • the casing 21 is a component for accommodating the electrode assembly 22.
  • the casing 21 may be a hollow structure with an opening at one end, or a hollow structure with openings at opposite ends.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid and so on.
  • the housing 21 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is a part where electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 may include a positive electrode tab, a negative electrode tab, and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 22 may be a coiled structure formed by winding a positive pole piece, a separator and a negative pole piece, or a laminated structure formed by stacking a positive pole piece, a separator and a negative pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly 22 has a positive tab and a negative tab.
  • the positive tab can be the part of the positive pole piece that is not coated with the positive active material layer
  • the negative pole tab can be the part of the negative pole piece that is not coated with the negative active material layer.
  • the end cover assembly 23 is an assembly that covers the opening of the casing 21 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the housing 21 is a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end, then one end cap assembly 23 is provided correspondingly, and both the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab in the electrode assembly 22 can be electrically connected to the same end cap assembly 23; if the housing 21 is The opposite ends form a hollow structure with openings, and two end cap assemblies 23 can be provided correspondingly.
  • the tabs can be electrically connected to the two end cap assemblies 23 respectively.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the end cap assembly 23 shown in FIG. Two insulators 235 and other components.
  • the end cap 230 is a component that covers the opening of the casing 21 to close the casing 21 , and the end cap 230 and the casing 21 jointly define a containing space for accommodating the electrode assembly 22 and the electrolyte.
  • the shape of the end cap 230 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 21.
  • the housing 21 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure
  • the end cap 230 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure compatible with the housing 21.
  • the housing 21 is a cylinder.
  • the body structure, the end cover 230 is a circular plate-shaped structure suitable for the housing 21.
  • the material of the end cover 230 can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy and so on.
  • the electrode terminal 231 is mounted on the end cover 230 for outputting electric energy of the electrode terminal 231 .
  • the electrode terminal 231 is used for electrical connection with the tab of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the electrode terminal 231 and the tab of the electrode assembly 22 may be directly connected or indirectly connected.
  • the electrode terminal 231 is electrically connected to the tab through the current collecting member 236 .
  • Electrode terminals 231 there may be one or more electrode terminals 231 in the end cap assembly 23 .
  • the polarities of the two electrode terminals 231 may be the same or opposite. If the polarities of the two electrode terminals 231 are the same, the two electrode terminals 231 can be connected to the positive pole tab or the negative pole tab through a current collecting member 236; if the two electrode terminals 231 are opposite, one electrode terminal 231 can pass through a current collecting member 236 is connected to the positive electrode tab, and the other electrode terminal 231 can be connected to the negative electrode tab through another current collecting member 236 .
  • the sealing member 232 is a part for sealing the electrode terminal 231 and the end cap 230 to reduce the risk of the electrolyte inside the battery cell 20 leaking through the gap between the end cap 230 and the electrode terminal 231 .
  • the sealing member 232 may be a sealing ring sleeved on the outside of the electrode terminal 231, and the sealing member 232 may be made of rubber.
  • the connector 233 is a part that is connected to the electrode terminal 231 so as to facilitate the connection of the battery cell 20 to an external part.
  • the connecting piece 233 may be a riveting block for riveting the electrode terminal 231 and the end cover 230 .
  • the connecting member 233 may be made of metal, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, and the like. In the embodiment in which multiple battery cells 20 are connected in series, parallel or mixed through the confluence component, the confluence component can be connected with the connector 233 , such as welding.
  • the two electrode terminals 231 in the end cap 230 can be respectively connected to the two connecting pieces 233 , and an insulating component can be provided between the two connecting pieces 233 for insulation.
  • the first insulator 234 is a component that sets the outer side of the end cap 230 to insulate the connecting member 233 from the end cap 230 .
  • the outer side of the end cap 230 is the side of the end cap 230 away from the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the first insulating member 234 is made of insulating material, such as rubber, plastic or the like.
  • the second insulator 235 is disposed on the inner side of the end cap 230 to insulate the electrode assembly 22 from the end cap 230 .
  • the outer side of the end cap 230 is the side of the end cap 230 facing the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the second insulating member 235 is made of insulating material, such as rubber, plastic and the like.
  • the electrode terminal 231 when the electrode terminal 231 is riveted to the end cap 230 , the connector 233 , the first insulator 234 , the end cap 230 , the second insulator 235 and the current collecting member 236 pass through the electrode terminal 231 connected together.
  • the end cap assembly 23 may further include a pressure relief mechanism 237 disposed on the end cap 230 .
  • a pressure relief mechanism 237 may be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, a burst disk, or a pressure relief valve.
  • a liquid injection hole may also be provided on the end cover 230 to inject electrolyte into the battery 100 through the liquid injection hole.
  • the liquid injection hole and the pressure relief mechanism 237 can be arranged on the same end cover 230; the end cover assembly 23 in the battery cell 20 is two
  • the liquid injection hole and the pressure release mechanism 237 can be respectively provided on the two end caps 230 .
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the end cap assembly 23 shown in FIG. 233 , the first insulation 234 and the first guide channel 238 .
  • the end cover 230 has a first installation hole 2301 penetrating through the end cover 230 along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230 , and the end cover 230 is used to close the casing 21 of the battery cell 20 .
  • Part of the electrode terminal 231 passes through the first mounting hole 2301 .
  • the sealing member 232 is at least partially located in the first installation hole 2301 to seal the electrode terminal 231 and the end cap 230 .
  • the connector 233 is connected to the electrode terminal 231 .
  • the first insulator 234 includes a body part 2341 and an extension part 2342.
  • the body part 2341 is located between the connecting part 233 and the end cover 230.
  • the second installation hole 2341 a, the extension portion 2342 is located on the outer periphery of the connecting member 233 and is surrounded by the edge of the main body portion 2341 .
  • the first guide passage 238 is formed between the extension part 2342 and the connecting piece 233, and the first guide passage 238 communicates with the second installation hole 2341a, so that when the seal 232 fails, the inside of the housing 21 and the inside of the housing 21 can be connected. External connectivity.
  • the first installation holes 2301 on the end cap 230 correspond to the electrode terminals 231 one by one, and the second installation holes 2341 a on the body part 2341 also correspond to the electrode terminals 231 one to one.
  • the end cover 230 is correspondingly provided with two
  • a seal 232 is installed in the two first installation holes 2301 .
  • the extension part 2342 surrounds the edge of the body part 2341, and the extension part 2342 and the body part 2341 jointly define a receiving chamber, along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230, and the receiving chamber forms an opening at the end of the extension part 2342 away from the body part 2341 .
  • the connecting piece 233 can enter the accommodating cavity from the opening, so that the extending portion 2342 is located on the outer periphery of the connecting piece 233 .
  • the connecting piece 233 can be fully accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and can also be partially accommodated in the accommodating cavity. In FIG.
  • the connecting piece 233 in order to facilitate the connection of the connecting piece 233 to other components (such as the confluence component), the connecting piece 233 is partially accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and the connecting piece 233 partially exceeds the end of the extension portion 2342 away from the main body portion 2341 .
  • the shape of the receiving cavity can match the shape of the connecting piece 233 .
  • the connecting piece 233 is a rectangular block, and the accommodating cavity is a rectangular cavity.
  • the first guide channel 238 is formed between the extension part 2342 and the connecting part 233, the first guide channel 238 can be a guide groove provided on the inner surface 2342a of the extension part 2342, or can be provided on the outside of the connecting part 233
  • the flow guide groove on the side surface 2331 may also be a channel jointly formed by the flow guide groove on the inner surface 2342a of the extension part 2342 and the flow guide groove on the outer surface 2331 of the connecting piece 233, or it may be the inner surface of the extension part 2342 2342a and the outer surface 2331 of the connector 233, there is a channel formed by a gap, and the inner surface 2342a of the extension part 2342 is a rough surface and/or the outer surface 2331 of the connector 233 is a rough surface. aisle.
  • Both the first guide channel 238 and the second installation hole 2341a may be directly connected or indirectly connected.
  • only one second installation hole 2341a may be correspondingly provided with the first guide channel 238, or the two second installation holes 2341a are correspondingly provided with the first guide channel 238.
  • the body part 2341 of the first insulator 234 is located between the connector 233 and the end cover 230, and the extension part 2342 of the first insulator 234 is located on the outer periphery of the connector 233, the body part 2341 and the extension part Both 2342 can function to separate the connecting piece 233 and the end cover 230 and increase the creepage height, so that the first insulating member 234 has a good insulating effect on the connecting piece 233 and the end cover 230 .
  • a first guide channel 238 is formed between the extension part 2342 and the connecting piece 233, and the first guide channel 238 communicates with the second installation hole 2341a.
  • a testing medium can be injected into the battery cell 20. If the seal 232 fails, taking the missing seal 232 as an example, the testing medium will eventually flow out through the first guide channel 238. Therefore, it can be accurately judged that the sealing member 232 fails.
  • the arrangement of the first flow guide channel 238 will not affect the sealing performance between the body portion 2341 and the end cover 230, and the battery cell
  • the electrolyte solution is not easy to enter the first mounting hole 2301 through the gap between the body part 2341 and the end cover 230, reducing the electrolyte solution entering the first installation hole 2301.
  • the electrode terminal 231 is electrically connected to the end cover 230 in the installation hole 2301 , which causes the risk of charging the end cover 230 and improves the safety of the battery cell 20 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connector 233 and the first insulating member 234 provided by some embodiments of the present application. the first diversion tank.
  • the inner surface 2342a is a surface of the extension portion 2342 opposite to the connecting piece 233 and distributed along the circumferential direction of the connecting piece 233 , and the inner surface 2342a forms a cavity side wall of the accommodating cavity.
  • the first guide groove may be a straight groove, or may be a bent groove. If the first guide groove is a linear groove, the first guide groove may extend along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230 , or may be arranged at a non-zero angle with the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230 .
  • the cross section of the first diversion groove may be rectangular, arc-shaped, V-shaped or the like.
  • the two second installation holes 2341a can be correspondingly provided with two first guide grooves, In the direction in which the two second mounting holes 2341a are arranged, the two first guide grooves are located on both sides of the extension portion 2342 .
  • the first guide channel 238 is a first guide groove provided on the inner surface 2342a of the extension part 2342.
  • the first guide channel 238 of this structure is simple in structure, easy to form, and will not affect the extension. The insulation performance of the part 2342.
  • one end of the first guide groove extends to an end of the extension portion 2342 away from the main body portion 2341 .
  • the connecting piece 233 is partially accommodated in the receiving cavity, and the connecting piece 233 partially exceeds the end of the extension portion 2342 away from the main body portion 2341 .
  • the first guide groove is a linear groove extending along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230 .
  • the first diversion groove can be formed from the end of the extension part 2342 away from the main body part 2341 toward the direction close to the main body part 2341, which reduces the difficulty of forming the first diversion groove.
  • the length of the first diversion groove is increased, and the first diversion groove will form an outlet at the end of the extension part 2342 away from the body part 2341. The patency of the first diversion groove.
  • the first guide groove may not extend to the end of the extension part 2342 away from the main body part 2341.
  • the connecting part 233 may be completely accommodated in the accommodating cavity, so that the connecting part 233 does not Completely cover the first flow channel.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connector 233 and the first insulating member 234 provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • the first guide channel 238 is provided on the outer surface of the connector 233 2331's first diversion tank.
  • the outer surface 2331 is a surface opposite to the extension portion 2342 of the connecting member 233 and distributed in a circumferential direction.
  • the first guide groove may be a straight groove, or may be a bent groove. If the first guide groove is a linear groove, the first guide groove may extend along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230 , or may be arranged at a non-zero angle with the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230 .
  • the cross section of the first diversion groove may be rectangular, arc-shaped, V-shaped or the like.
  • the two second installation holes 2341a can be correspondingly provided with two first guide grooves, In the direction in which the two second installation holes 2341 a are arranged, the two first guide grooves are located on both sides of the connecting member 233 .
  • the first guide channel 238 is a first guide groove provided on the outer surface 2331 of the connecting member 233 , and the structure of the first guide channel 238 with this structure is simple and easy to shape. Since the first guide channel 238 is disposed on the outer surface 2331 of the connecting member 233 , the strength of the extension portion 2342 will not be reduced due to the arrangement of the first guide channel 238 , and the service life of the first insulating member 234 is improved.
  • one end of the first guide groove extends to an end of the connecting member 233 away from the main body portion 2341 .
  • the connecting piece 233 is partially accommodated in the receiving cavity, and the connecting piece 233 partially exceeds the end of the extension portion 2342 away from the main body portion 2341 .
  • the first guide groove is a linear groove extending along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230 .
  • one end of the first flow guide groove extends to the end of the connecting piece 233 away from the body part 2341, which reduces the difficulty of forming the first flow guide groove, increases the length of the first flow guide groove, and ensures that the first flow guide groove The smoothness of the launder.
  • the connecting piece 233 extends beyond the extended portion 2342 from one end of the body portion 2341
  • the first flow guide groove has a portion beyond the extension portion 2342 , which further ensures the smoothness of the first flow guide groove.
  • the end cap assembly 23 further includes a second flow guide channel 239 , the second flow guide channel 239 is formed between the body portion 2341 and the connecting piece 233 , and the second flow guide channel 239
  • the passage 239 is used to communicate with the first guide passage 238 and the second installation hole 2341a.
  • the first flow guide channel 238 is indirectly communicated with the second installation hole 2341 a through the second flow guide channel 239 .
  • the connecting piece 233 has a first surface 2333 facing the main body portion 2341
  • the first surface 2333 is the bottom surface of the receiving cavity
  • the main body portion 2341 has a second surface 2341b facing the connecting piece 233
  • the flow channel 239 can be a diversion groove arranged on the first surface 2333, or a diversion groove arranged on the second surface 2341b, or a diversion groove on the first surface 2333 and a diversion groove on the second surface 2341b.
  • the channels jointly formed by the guide grooves may also be channels formed by gaps between the first surface 2333 and the second surface 2341b, or the first surface 2333 may be a rough surface and/or the second surface 2341b may be a rough surface. formed irregular channels.
  • the second flow guide channel 239 plays a role of communicating with the first flow guide channel 238 and the second installation hole 2341a, and the second flow guide channel 239 is formed between the body part 2341 and the connecting piece 233, which can effectively The communication path connecting the first guide channel 238 and the second installation hole 2341a is shortened.
  • the connecting member 233 has a first surface 2333 facing the body portion 2341 , and the second guide channel 239 is the first surface provided on the first surface 2333 . Two diversion grooves.
  • first guide channel 238 is a first guide groove
  • first guide groove whether the first guide groove is provided on the inner surface 2342a of the extension part 2342 or the first guide groove is provided on the connecting member 233
  • Both the outer surface 2331 of the first surface 2333 and the second flow guiding channel 239 can be second flow guiding grooves arranged on the first surface 2333 .
  • the first guide channel 238 is a first guide groove provided on the inner surface 2342 a of the extension part 2342 .
  • the first surface 2333 of the connecting piece 233 may be a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230 .
  • the second guide grooves disposed on the first surface 2333 may be linear grooves or curved grooves. If the second guide groove is a linear groove, the second guide groove may extend along the direction Z perpendicular to the thickness of the end cover 230 .
  • the cross section of the second diversion groove may be rectangular, arc-shaped, V-shaped or the like.
  • the second guide groove on the first surface 2333 can be installed along the two second installation holes.
  • the arrangement direction of the holes 2341a extends to communicate with the first guide groove.
  • the connecting member 233 of the second diversion groove faces the first surface 2333 of the body part 2341 , which can effectively reduce the difficulty of forming the second diversion groove.
  • the connecting part 233 is provided in the second guide groove, the insulation performance of the main body part 2341 of the first insulating part 234 will not be affected.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the connector 233 shown in FIG. extending to the wall of the third mounting hole 2332 .
  • the second guide groove extends to the hole wall of the third installation hole 2332 , so that the second guide groove communicates with the third installation hole 2332 .
  • the second guide groove is a linear groove, one end of the second guide groove extends to the hole wall of the third installation hole 2332 , and the other end of the second guide groove extends to the outer surface 2331 of the connecting member 233 , To communicate with the first guide groove.
  • the communication between the second flow guide groove and the second installation hole 2341a can improve the communication effect between the second flow guide groove and the second installation hole 2341a.
  • the body portion 2341 has a second surface 2341b facing the connecting member 233, and the second guide channel 239 is the first channel disposed on the second surface 2341b. Two diversion grooves.
  • first guide channel 238 is a first guide groove
  • first guide groove whether the first guide groove is provided on the inner surface 2342a of the extension part 2342 or the first guide groove is provided on the connecting member 233
  • the outer surface 2331 of the second guide channel 239 can be a second guide groove provided on the second surface 2341b.
  • the first guide channel 238 is a first guide groove provided on the outer surface 2331 of the connecting member 233 .
  • the second surface 2341b of the body part 2341 may be a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230 .
  • the second guide groove disposed on the second surface 2341b may be a straight groove, or may be a bent groove. If the second guide groove is a linear groove, the second guide groove may extend along the direction Z perpendicular to the thickness of the end cover 230 .
  • the cross section of the second diversion groove may be rectangular, arc-shaped, V-shaped or the like.
  • the second guide groove on the second surface 2341b can be installed along the two second installation holes.
  • the arrangement direction of the holes 2341a extends to communicate with the first guide groove.
  • the second installation hole 2341a is provided on the body part 2341, and the second guide groove is provided on the second surface 2341b of the body part 2341 facing the connector 233, it is easier to realize the second guide groove and the second installation.
  • the hole 2341a is connected to improve the communication effect between the second guide groove and the second installation hole 2341a.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the first insulator 234 shown in FIG. In the thickness direction Z, the third flow guide groove 2341c runs through the body part 2341, and the third flow guide groove 2341c communicates with the second flow guide groove.
  • the hole wall of the second installation hole 2341a can be provided with the third guide groove 2341c,
  • the second flow guide groove is communicated with the second installation hole 2341a through the third flow guide groove 2341c.
  • the hole wall of the second installation hole 2341a is provided with a plurality of third flow guide grooves 2341c, and the plurality of third flow guide grooves 2341c are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the second installation hole 2341a, and the second flow guide grooves and One of the third guide grooves 2341c is connected.
  • the third diversion groove 2341c plays the role of connecting the second diversion groove and the second installation hole 2341a, and the third diversion groove 2341c can increase the gap between the body part 2341 and the electrode terminal 231 to ensure that the inside of the housing 21 is in contact with the electrode terminal 231.
  • the outside of the housing 21 is in good communication when the seal 232 fails.
  • the second diversion groove extends to the first diversion groove, so as to realize the communication between the second diversion groove and the first diversion groove.
  • the second diversion groove is arranged on the first surface 2333 of the connector 233, one end of the second diversion groove extends to the first diversion groove, and the other end of the second diversion groove extends to to the wall of the third mounting hole 2332 .
  • the second diversion groove is arranged on the second surface 2341b of the body part 2341, one end of the second diversion groove extends to the first diversion groove, and the other end of the second diversion groove extends to the hole wall of the second mounting hole 2341a.
  • the second diversion groove extends to the first diversion groove, the second diversion groove is directly connected to the first diversion groove, and the communication path between the inside of the casing 21 and the outside of the casing 21 is shortened.
  • the second diversion groove and the first diversion groove can also be connected indirectly, for example, the connecting piece 233 is a rectangular block, the second diversion groove extends along the length direction of the connecting member 233, and the first diversion groove Located on one side of the extension part 2342 in the width direction of the connecting piece 233, in this case, there is a certain distance between the first flow guide groove and the second flow guide groove, then the first flow guide groove and the second flow guide groove can be located at one side. Other passages are set between the two diversion grooves to connect them.
  • the width of the first diversion groove is greater than the width of the second diversion groove.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 20, including a casing 21 and an end cover assembly 23 provided in any one of the above embodiments, the casing 21 has an opening, and the end cap 230 is used to cover the opening to close the casing 21 .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100 , including a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 provided in any one of the above embodiments, and the box body 10 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery 100 provided in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the electric device may be any of the above-mentioned devices using the battery 100 .
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an end cover assembly 23, including an end cover 230, an electrode terminal 231, a seal 232, a connecting member 233, and a first seal 232.
  • the first seal 232 includes a body part 2341 and the extension part 2342, along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230, the body part 2341 is located between the connector 233 and the end cover 230, the body part 2341 is provided with a second mounting hole 2341a through which the power supply terminal 231 passes, and the extension part 2342 is located on the outer periphery of the connecting member 233 and surrounds the edge of the main body portion 2341 .
  • the extension part 2342 is provided with a first guide channel 238
  • the connecting member 233 is provided with a second guide channel 239
  • the first guide channel 238 communicates with the second installation hole 2341 a through the second guide channel 239
  • the first guide channel 238 is a first guide groove disposed on the inner surface 2342 a of the extension portion 2342
  • the second guide groove is a second guide groove disposed on a surface of the connecting member 233 facing the main body portion 2341 .
  • the first flow guide channel 238 on the extension part 2342 communicates with the second installation hole 2341a on the body part 2341 through the second flow guide channel 239 on the body part 2341, when the seal 232 fails , will make the inside of the casing 21 communicate with the outside of the casing 21 , eliminate the false sealing phenomenon of the battery cell 20 , and improve the safety of the battery cell 20 .
  • FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell 20.
  • the manufacturing method includes:
  • the end cap assembly 23 includes an end cap 230 , an electrode terminal 231 , a sealing member 232 , a connecting member 233 , a first insulating member 234 and a first flow guiding channel 238 .
  • the end cover 230 has a first installation hole 2301 penetrating through the end cover 230 along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230 , and the end cover 230 is used to close the casing 21 of the battery cell 20 .
  • Part of the electrode terminal 231 passes through the first mounting hole 2301 .
  • the sealing member 232 is at least partially located in the first installation hole 2301 to seal the electrode terminal 231 and the end cap 230 .
  • the connector 233 is connected to the electrode terminal 231 .
  • the first insulator 234 includes a body part 2341 and an extension part 2342.
  • the body part 2341 is located between the connecting part 233 and the end cover 230.
  • the second installation hole 2341 a, the extension portion 2342 is located on the outer periphery of the connecting member 233 and is surrounded by the edge of the main body portion 2341 .
  • the first guide channel 238 is formed between the extension part 2342 and the connecting piece 233, and the first guide channel 238 communicates with the second installation hole 2341a, so that when the seal 232 fails, the outside of the housing 21 is connected to the outside of the housing 21. internal connectivity.
  • step S100 can be executed first, and then step S200 can be executed, or step S200 can be executed first, and then step S100 can be executed.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a battery cell 20 manufacturing equipment 2000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 20 manufacturing equipment 2000.
  • the manufacturing equipment 2000 includes a first The providing device 2100 , the second providing device 2200 and the assembling device 2300 .
  • the first providing device 2100 is used for providing the casing 21, and the casing 21 has an opening.
  • the second providing device 2200 is used to provide the end cover assembly 23, and the end cover assembly 23 includes an end cover 230, an electrode terminal 231, a sealing member 232, a connecting member 233, a first insulating member 234 and a first flow guiding channel 238.
  • the end cover 230 has a first installation hole 2301 penetrating through the end cover 230 along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230 , and the end cover 230 is used to close the casing 21 of the battery cell 20 . Part of the electrode terminal 231 passes through the first mounting hole 2301 .
  • the sealing member 232 is at least partially located in the first mounting hole 2301 to seal the electrode terminal 231 and the end cap 230 .
  • the connector 233 is connected to the electrode terminal 231 .
  • the first insulator 234 includes a body part 2341 and an extension part 2342. Along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 230, the body part 2341 is located between the connector 233 and the end cover 230.
  • the second installation hole 2341 a, the extension portion 2342 is located on the outer periphery of the connecting member 233 and is surrounded by the edge of the main body portion 2341 .
  • the first guide passage 238 is formed between the extension part 2342 and the connecting piece 233, and the first guide passage 238 communicates with the second installation hole 2341a, so that when the seal 232 fails, the outside of the housing 21 and the outside of the housing 21 can be connected. internal connectivity.
  • the assembly device 2300 is used to close the end cap 230 to the opening.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备，属于电池技术领域。端盖组件包括端盖、电极端子、密封件、连接件、第一绝缘件和第一导流通道。端盖具有第一安装孔，端盖用于封闭电池单体的壳体。电极端子部分穿设于第一安装孔内。密封件至少部分位于第一安装孔内。连接件连接于电极端子。第一绝缘件包括本体部和延伸部，本体部位于连接件和端盖之间，本体部上设有供电极端子穿过的第二安装孔，延伸部位于连接件的外周，且围设于本体部的边缘。第一导流通道形成于延伸部与连接件之间，并与第二安装孔连通。在密封件失效时，将使得壳体的内部与壳体的外部连通，消除电池单体假密封现象，提高电池单体的安全性。

Description

端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备。
背景技术
随着新能源技术的发展，电池的应用越来越广泛，例如应用于手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等上。
由于电池单体内部装有电解液，电池单体需要满足密封性要求，以防止电解液从电池单体内部泄露至电池单体外部造成安全事故。为确保电池单体的密封性达到使用要求，在电池单体组装完成后，一般需要对电池单体的密封性进行检测。对于一般的电池单体而言，在对电池单体的密封性进行检测达到使用要求的情况下，电池单体在使用一段时间后仍然可能出现漏液的情况，影响电池单体的安全性。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备，能够有效提高电池单体的安全性。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种端盖组件，包括：端盖，具有沿所述端盖的厚度方向贯穿所述端盖的第一安装孔，所述端盖用于封闭电池单体的壳体；电极端子，部分穿设于所述第一安装孔内；密封件，至少部分位于所述第一安装孔内，以密封所述电极端子和所述端盖；连接件，连接于所述电极端子；第一绝缘件，包括本体部和延伸部，沿所述厚度方向，所述本体部位于所述连接件和所述端盖之间，所述本体部上设有供所述电极端子穿过的第二安装孔，所述延伸部位于所述连接件的外周，且围设于所述本体部的边缘；第一导流通道，形成于所述延伸部与所述连接件之间，所述第一导流通道与所述第二安装孔连通，以在所述密封件失效时使得壳体的内部与壳体的外部连通。
上述技术方案中，第一绝缘件的本体部位于连接件和端盖之间，且第一绝缘件的延伸部位于连接件的外周，本体部和延伸部均可以起到分隔连接件和端盖作用，增大爬电高度，使得第一绝缘件对连接件和端盖起到很好的绝缘效果。延伸部与连接件之间形成有第一导流通道，且第一导流通道与第二安装孔连通，在密封件失效时，将使得壳体的内部与壳体的外部连通，消除电池单体假密封现象，提高电池单体的安全性。
在一些实施例中，所述第一导流通道为设置于所述延伸部的内侧面的第一导流槽。这种结构的第一导流通道结构简单，便于成型，并不会影响延伸部的绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一导流槽的一端延伸至所述延伸部背离所述本体部的一端。在成型时，可以从延伸部背离本体部的一端向靠近本体部的方向成型第一导流槽，降低了第一导流槽的成型难度。此外，增长了第一导流槽的长度，第一导流槽在延伸部背离本体部的一端将形成出口，即使连接件局部超出延伸部背离本体部的一端，也能够保证第一导流槽的畅通性。
在一些实施例中，所述第一导流通道为设置于所述连接件的外侧面的第一导流槽。这种结构的第一导流通道结构简单，便于成型。由于第一导流通道设置于连接件的外侧面，不会因设置第一导流通道而降低延伸部的强度，提高了第一绝缘件的使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一导流槽的一端延伸至所述连接件背离所述本体部的一端。降低第一导流槽的成型难度，增长了第一导流槽的长度，保证第一导流槽的畅通性。
在一些实施例中，所述端盖组件还包括：第二导流通道，形成于所述本体部与所述连接件之间，所述第二导流通道用于连通所述第一导流通道和所述第二安装孔。第二导流通道起到连通第 一导流通道和第二安装孔的作用，第二导流通道形成于本体部与连接件之间，能够有效缩短连通第一导流通道和第二安装孔的连通路径。
在一些实施例中，沿所述厚度方向，所述连接件具有面向所述本体部的第一面；所述第二导流通道为设置于所述第一面的第二导流槽。第二导流槽设置连接件面向本体部的第一面，能够有效降低第二导流槽的成型难度。此外，由于第二导流槽设置连接件，不会影响第一绝缘件的本体部的绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，所述连接件上设有供所述电极端子穿过的第三安装孔；所述第二导流槽延伸至所述第三安装孔的孔壁。这种结构使得第二导流槽与第三安装孔连通，由于电极端子穿过第二安装孔和第三安装孔，第二导流槽与第二安装孔连通能够提高第二导流槽与第二安装孔的连通效果。
在一些实施例中，沿所述厚度方向，所述本体部具有面向所述连接件的第二面；所述第二导流通道为设置于所述第二面的第二导流槽。由于第二安装孔设置本体部上，第二导流槽设置于本体部面向连接件的第二面，更容易实现第二导流槽与第二安装孔连通，提高第二导流槽与第二安装孔的连通效果。
在一些实施例中，所述第二安装孔的孔壁上设有第三导流槽，沿所述厚度方向，所述第三导流槽贯穿所述本体部，所述第三导流槽与所述第二导流槽连通。第三导流槽起到连通第二导流槽和第二安装孔的作用，第三导流槽能够增大本体部与电极端子之间的间隙，保证壳体内部与壳体外部在密封件失效时良好连通。
在一些实施例中，所述第二导流槽延伸至所述第一导流槽，以实现所述第二导流槽与所述第一导流槽连通。这种结构实现第二导流槽与第一导流槽直接连通，缩短连通壳体内部与壳体外部的连通路径。
在一些实施例中，所述第一导流槽的宽度大于所述第二导流槽的宽度。这种结构能够保证第一导流槽与第二导流槽具有足够大的重叠区域，保证第一导流槽和第二导流槽连通位置的宽度，降低因制造误差造成第一导流槽和第二导流槽出现较大的错位，而导致第一导流槽和第二导流槽连通位置较窄的风险。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，包括：壳体，具有开口；上述第一方面任意一个实施例提供的端盖组件，所述端盖用于盖合于所述开口，以封闭所述壳体。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池，包括：上述第二方面任意一个实施例提供的电池单体；箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，包括上述第三方面任意一个实施例提供的电池。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的制造方法，所述制造方法包括：提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；提供端盖组件，所述端盖组件包括：端盖，具有沿所述端盖的厚度方向贯穿所述端盖的第一安装孔，所述端盖用于封闭电池单体的壳体；电极端子，部分穿设于所述第一安装孔内；密封件，至少部分位于所述第一安装孔内，以密封所述电极端子和所述端盖；连接件，连接于所述电极端子；第一绝缘件，包括本体部和延伸部，沿所述厚度方向，所述本体部位于所述连接件和所述端盖之间，所述本体部上设有供所述电极端子穿过的第二安装孔，所述延伸部位于所述连接件的外周，且围设于所述本体部的边缘；第一导流通道，形成于所述延伸部与所述连接件之间，所述第一导流通道与所述第二安装孔连通，以在所述密封件失效时使得壳体的外部与壳体的内部连通；将所述端盖盖合于所述开口。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的制造设备，所述制造设备包括：第一提供装置，用于提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；第二提供装置，用于提供端盖组件，所述端盖组件包括：端盖，具有沿所述端盖的厚度方向贯穿所述端盖的第一安装孔，所述端盖用于封闭电池单体的壳体；电极端子，部分穿设于所述第一安装孔内；密封件，至少部分位于所述第一安装孔内，以密封所述电极端子和所述端盖；连接件，连接于所述电极端子；第一绝缘件，包括本体部和延伸部，沿 所述厚度方向，所述本体部位于所述连接件和所述端盖之间，所述本体部上设有供所述电极端子穿过的第二安装孔，所述延伸部位于所述连接件的外周，且围设于所述本体部的边缘；第一导流通道，形成于所述延伸部与所述连接件之间，所述第一导流通道与所述第二安装孔连通，以在所述密封件失效时使得壳体的外部与壳体的内部连通；组装装置，用于将所述端盖盖合于所述开口。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸图；
图4为图3所示的端盖组件的爆炸图；
图5为图4所示的端盖组件的剖视图；
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的连接件与第一绝缘件的连接示意图；
图7为本申请另一些实施例提供的连接件与第一绝缘件的连接示意图；
图8为图6所示的连接件的结构示意图；
图9为图6所示的第一绝缘件的结构示意图；
图10为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造方法的流程图；
图11为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造设备的示意性框图。
图标：10-箱体；11-第一部分；12-第二部分；20-电池单体；21-壳体；22-电极组件；23-端盖组件；230-端盖；2301-第一安装孔；231-电极端子；232-密封件；233-连接件；2331-外侧面；2332-第三安装孔；2333-第一面；234-第一绝缘件；2341-本体部；2341a-第二安装孔；2341b-第二面；2341c-第三导流槽；2342-延伸部；2342a-内侧面；235-第二绝缘件；236-集流构件；237-泄压机构；238-第一导流通道；239-第二导流通道；100-电池；200-控制器；300-马达；1000-车辆；2000-制造设备；2100-第一提供装置；2200-第二提供装置；2300-组装装置；Z-厚度方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相 连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
发明人注意到，对于一般的电池单体来说，电池单体包括壳体、电极组件和端盖组件，电极组件容纳于壳体内，端盖组件盖合于壳体的一端。为方便引出电池单体内部的电能，端盖组件的端盖上会设置安装孔，与电极组件电连接的电极端子穿过安装孔延伸至端盖的外侧(端盖背离电极组件的一侧)，为了防止电解液通过安装孔泄露至电池单体外部造成安装事故，一般会在安装孔内设置密封件，通过密封件来密封电极端子和端盖。
在电池单体组装完成后，一般需要对电池单体的密封性进行检测，以确保电池单体的密封性达到使用要求。但发明人发现，在对电池单体的密封性进行检测达到使用要求的情况下，电池单体在使用一段时间后仍然会出现漏液的情况，影响电池单体的安全性。
发明人进一步研究发现，在密封件失效时，端盖组件中起到绝缘作用的绝缘件对端盖和电极端子起到一定的密封作用，造成了电池单体假密封现象。在进行密封性检测时，由于电池单体未处于实际使用工况，电池单体的假密封现象使得电池单体能够达到密封性检测要求，但无法满足实际使用工况需求。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种端盖组件，其包括端盖、电极端子、密封件、连接件、第一绝缘件和第一导通通道。端盖具有沿端盖的厚度方向贯穿端盖的第一安装孔，端盖用于封闭电池单体的壳体。电极端子部分穿设于第一安装孔内。密封件至少部分位于第一安装孔内，以密封电极端子和端盖。连接件连接于电极端子。第一绝缘件包括本体部和延伸部，沿厚度方向，本体部位于连接件和端盖之间，本体部上设有供电极端子穿过的第二安装孔，延伸部位于连接件的外周，且围设于本体部的边缘。第一导流通道形成于延伸部与连接件之间，第一导流通道与第二安装孔连通， 以在密封件失效时使得壳体的内部与壳体的外部连通。
在这样的端盖组件中，延伸部与连接件之间形成有第一导流通道，且第一导流通道与第二安装孔连通，在密封件失效时，将使得壳体的内部与壳体的外部连通，消除电池单体假密封现象，提高电池单体的安全性。
此外，由于第一导流通道形成于延伸部与连接件之间，第一导流通道的设置不会影响本体部与端盖之间的密封性能，在向电池单体内部注入电解液的过程中，即使端盖上残留有电解液，电解液也不易通过本体部与端盖之间的间隙进入到第一安装孔内，降低电解液进入第一安装孔内使得电极端子与端盖电连接，而导致端盖带电的风险，提高电池单体的安全性。
本申请实施例描述的端盖组件适用于电池单体、电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图，车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。
车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸图，电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。
其中，箱体10是容纳电池单体20的部件，箱体10为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，以限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第一部分11和第二部分12可以是多种形状，比如，长方体、圆柱体等。第一部分11可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12也可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12的开放侧盖合于第一部分11的开放侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体10。也可以是第一部分11为一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12为板状结构，第二部分12盖合于第一部分11的开放侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体10。第一部分11与第二部分12可以通过密封元件来实现密封，密封元件可以是密封圈、密封胶等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是一个、也可以是多个。若电池单体20为多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。也可以是所有电池单体20之间直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将所有电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内。
在一些实施例中，电池100还可以包括汇流部件，多个电池单体20之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现多个电池单体20的串联或并联或混联。汇流部件可以是金属导体，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的爆炸图，电池单体20包括壳体21、电极组件22和端盖组件23。
壳体21是用于容纳电极组件22的部件，壳体21可以是一端形成开口的空心结构，壳体21也可以是相对的两端形成开口的空心结构。壳体21可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体21的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
电极组件22是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件22可以包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜。电极组件22可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构，也可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过层叠布置形成的叠片式结构。电极组件22具有正极极耳和负极极耳，正极极耳可以是正极极片上未涂覆正极活性物质层的部分，负极极耳可以是负极极片上未涂覆负极活性物质层的部分。
端盖组件23是盖合于壳体21的开口以将电池单体20的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的组件。电池单体20中，端盖组件23可以是一个，也可以是两个。若壳体21为一端形成开口的空心结构，则端盖组件23对应设置一个，电极组件22中的正极极耳和负极极耳均可以与同一个端盖组件23电连接；若壳体21为相对的两端形成开口的空心结构，则端盖组件23则可对应设置两个，两个端盖组件23分别盖合于壳体21的两个开口，电极组件22中的正极极耳和负极极耳可以分别与两个端盖组件23电连接。
请参照图4，图4为图3所示的端盖组件23的爆炸图，端盖组件23可以包括端盖230、电极端子231、密封件232、连接件233、第一绝缘件234、第二绝缘件235以及其他部件。
端盖230是盖合于壳体21的开口以将壳体21封闭的部件，端盖230与壳体21共同限定出用于容纳电极组件22、电解液的容纳空间。端盖230的形状可以与壳体21的形状相适配，比如，壳体21为长方体结构，端盖230为与壳体21相适配的矩形板状结构，再如，壳体21为圆柱体结构，端盖230为与壳体21相适配的圆形板状结构。端盖230的材质也可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
电极端子231安装于端盖230，用于输出电极端子231的电能。电极端子231用于与电极组件22的极耳电连接。电极端子231与电极组件22的极耳可以直接连接，也可以是间接连接。示例性的，电极端子231与极耳通过集流构件236电连接。
端盖组件23中的电极端子231可以是一个，也可以是多个。以端盖组件23中的电极端子231为两个为例，两个电极端子231的极性可以相同，也可以相反。若两个电极端子231极性相同，两个电极端子231可以通过一个集流构件236与正极极耳或负极极耳连接；若两个电极端子231相反，一个电极端子231可以通过一个集流构件236与正极极耳连接，另一个电极端子231可以通过另一个集流构件236与负极极耳连接。
密封件232是用于密封电极端子231和端盖230的部分，以降低电池单体20内部的电解液通过端盖230与电极端子231之间的间隙漏出的风险。密封件232可以是套设于电极端子231外侧的密封圈，密封件232可以是橡胶材质。
连接件233是与电极端子231连接以便于电池单体20与外部部件连接的部件。连接件233可以是实现电极端子231与端盖230铆接的铆接块。连接件233可以是金属材质，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。在多个电池单体20通过汇流部件实现串联、并联或混联的实施例中，汇流部件可以与连接件233连接，比如焊接。
在端盖组件23中的电极端子231为两个的实施例中，端盖组件23中的连接件233可以是一个，也可以是两个。若端盖组件23中的连接件233为两个，则一个电极端子231对应与一个连接件233连接；如图4所示，若端盖组件23中的连接件233为一个，两个电极端子231则与同一个连接件233连接，即两个电极端子231共用一个连接件233。在端盖组件23中的两个电极端子231极性相同的情况下，两个电极端子231则可共用一个连接件233。在端盖230中的两个电极端子231极性相反的情况下，两个电极端子231则可分别连接于两个连接件233，两个连接件233之间可以设置绝缘部件进行绝缘。
第一绝缘件234是设置端盖230的外侧将连接件233与端盖230绝缘隔离的部件，端盖230的外侧即为端盖230背离电极组件22的一侧。第一绝缘件234为绝缘材质，比如，橡胶、塑料等。
第二绝缘件235是设置于端盖230的内侧将电极组件22与端盖230绝缘隔离的部件，端盖230的外侧即为端盖230面向电极组件22的一侧。第二绝缘件235为绝缘材质，比如，橡胶、塑料等。
示例性的，如图4所示，电极端子231铆接于端盖230的情况下，连接件233、第一绝缘件234、端盖230、第二绝缘件235和集流构件236通过电极端子231连接在一起。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件23还可以包括泄压机构237，泄压机构237设置于端盖230上。在电池单体20内部的压力或温度达到阈值时，通过泄压机构237泄放电池单体20内部的压力。泄压机构237可以是诸如防爆阀、防爆片、泄压阀等部件。
在一些实施例中，端盖230上还可以设置注液孔，以通过注液孔向电池100内部注入电解液。在电池单体20中的端盖组件23为一个的实施例中，可以将注液孔和泄压机构237设置于同一个端盖230上；在电池单体20中的端盖组件23为两个的实施例中，可以将注液孔和泄压机构237分别设置于两个端盖230上。
请参照图5，图5为图4所示的端盖组件23的剖视图，本申请实施例提供一种端盖组件23，端盖组件23包括端盖230、电极端子231、密封件232、连接件233、第一绝缘件234和第一导流通道238。端盖230具有沿端盖230的厚度方向Z贯穿端盖230的第一安装孔2301，端盖230用于封闭电池单体20的壳体21。电极端子231部分穿设于第一安装孔2301内。密封件232至少部分位于第一安装孔2301内，以密封电极端子231和端盖230。连接件233连接于电极端子231。第一绝缘件234包括本体部2341和延伸部2342，沿端盖230的厚度方向Z，本体部2341位于连接件233和端盖230之间，本体部2341上设有供电极端子231穿过的第二安装孔2341a，延伸部2342位于连接件233的外周，且围设于本体部2341的边缘。第一导流通道238形成于延伸部2342与连接件233之间，第一导流通道238与第二安装孔2341a连通，以在密封件232失效时使得壳体21的内部与壳体21的外部连通。
端盖230上的第一安装孔2301与电极端子231一一对应，本体部2341上的第二安装孔2341a与电极端子231也一一对应。如图5所示，以端盖组件23的电极端子231为两个，两个电极端子231的极性相同，两个电极端子231共用一个连接件233为例，端盖230上对应设置有两个第一安装孔2301，本体部2341上也对应设置有两个第二安装孔2341a。其中，两个第一安装孔2301内均安装有密封件232。
延伸部2342围设于本体部2341的边缘，延伸部2342和本体部2341共同限定出一容纳腔，沿端盖230的厚度方向Z，容纳腔在延伸部2342背离本体部2341的一端形成开口部。连接件233能够从开口部进入容纳腔内，以使延伸部2342位于连接件233的外周。连接件233可以完全容纳于容纳腔内，也可以部分容纳于容纳腔内。在图5中，为了便于连接件233与其他部件(如汇流部件)连接，连接件233部分容纳于容纳腔内，连接件233局部超出延伸部2342背离本体部2341的一端。容纳腔的形状可以与连接件233的形状相适配。示例性的，连接件233为矩形块，容纳腔为矩形腔。
第一导流通道238形成于延伸部2342与连接件233之间，第一导流通道238可以是设置于延伸部2342的内侧面2342a的导流槽，也可以是设置于连接件233的外侧面2331上的导流槽，也可以是延伸部2342的内侧面2342a上的导流槽和连接件233的外侧面2331上的导流槽共同形成的通道，也可以是延伸部2342的内侧面2342a与连接件233的外侧面2331之间存在间隙所形成的通道，也可以是延伸部2342的内侧面2342a为粗糙面和/或连接件233的外侧面2331为粗糙面而形成的不规则的通道。
第一导流通道238与第二安装孔2341a两者可以是直接连通，也可以是间接连通。在端盖组件23的电极端子231为两个，且本体部2341上对应设置有两个第二安装孔2341a的实施例中，可以是只有一个第二安装孔2341a对应设置有第一导流通道238，也可以是两个第二安装孔2341a均对应设置有第一导流通道238。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，密封件232未安装到位或安装孔内并未安装密封件232或密封件232存在缺陷等，均属于密封件232失效的情况。
在本申请实施例中，第一绝缘件234的本体部2341位于连接件233和端盖230之间，且第一绝缘件234的延伸部2342位于连接件233的外周，本体部2341和延伸部2342均可以起到分隔连接件233和端盖230作用，增大爬电高度，使得第一绝缘件234对连接件233和端盖230起到很好的绝缘效果。
延伸部2342与连接件233之间形成有第一导流通道238，且第一导流通道238与第二安装孔2341a连通，在密封件232失效时，将使得壳体21的内部与壳体21的外部连通，消除电池单体20假密封现象，提高电池单体20的安全性。
在检测电池单体20的密封性时，可以向电池单体20内部注入检测介质，若密封件232失效，以漏装密封件232为例，检测介质将最终通过第一导流通道238流出，从而准确判断出密封件232失效。
此外，由于第一导流通道238形成于延伸部2342与连接件233之间，第一导流通道238的设置不会影响本体部2341与端盖230之间的密封性能，在向电池单体20内部注入电解液的过程中，即使端盖230上残留有电解液，电解液也不易通过本体部2341与端盖230之间的间隙进入到第一安装孔2301内，降低电解液进入第一安装孔2301内使得电极端子231与端盖230电连接，而导致端盖230带电的风险，提高电池单体20的安全性。
在一些实施例中，请参照图6，图6为本申请一些实施例提供的连接件233与第一绝缘件234的连接示意图，第一导流通道238为设置于延伸部2342的内侧面2342a的第一导流槽。
内侧面2342a为延伸部2342与连接件233相对且沿着连接件233的周向分布的表面，内侧面2342a形成容纳腔的腔侧壁。在本实施例中，第一导流槽可以是直线型槽，以可以是弯折型槽。若第一导流槽为直线型槽，第一导流槽可以沿端盖230厚度方向Z延伸，也可以与端盖230的厚度方向Z呈非零夹角设置。第一导流槽的横截面可以是矩形、圆弧形、V形等。
在端盖组件23的电极端子231为两个，且本体部2341上对应设有两个第二安装孔2341a的情况下，两个第二安装孔2341a可以对应设置两个第一导流槽，在两个第二安装孔2341a的排布方向上，两个第一导流槽位于延伸部2342的两侧。
在本实施例中，第一导流通道238为设置于延伸部2342的内侧面2342a的第一导流槽，这种结构的第一导流通道238结构简单，便于成型，并不会影响延伸部2342的绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图6，沿端盖230的厚度方向Z，第一导流槽的一端延伸至延伸部2342背离本体部2341的一端。
示例性的，连接件233部分容纳于容纳腔内，连接件233局部超出延伸部2342背离本体部2341的一端。第一导流槽为沿端盖230的厚度方向Z延伸的直线型槽。
在成型时，可以从延伸部2342背离本体部2341的一端向靠近本体部2341的方向成型第一导流槽，降低了第一导流槽的成型难度。此外，增长了第一导流槽的长度，第一导流槽在延伸部2342背离本体部2341的一端将形成出口，即使连接件233局部超出延伸部2342背离本体部2341的一端，也能够保证第一导流槽的畅通性。
在其他实施例中，第一导流槽也可以未延伸至延伸部2342背离本体部2341的一端，在这种情况下，可以将连接件233完全容纳于容纳腔内，使得连接件233并未完全覆盖第一导流槽。
在一些实施例中，请参照图7，图7为本申请另一些实施例提供的连接件233与第一绝缘件234的连接示意图，第一导流通道238为设置于连接件233的外侧面2331的第一导流槽。
外侧面2331为连接件233与延伸部2342相对且周向分布的表面。在本实施例中，第一导流槽可以是直线型槽，以可以是弯折型槽。若第一导流槽为直线型槽，第一导流槽可以沿端盖230厚度方向Z延伸，也可以与端盖230的厚度方向Z呈非零夹角设置。第一导流槽的横截面可以是矩形、圆弧形、V形等。
在端盖组件23的电极端子231为两个，且本体部2341上对应设有两个第二安装孔2341a的情况下，两个第二安装孔2341a可以对应设置两个第一导流槽，在两个第二安装孔2341a的排布 方向上，两个第一导流槽位于连接件233的两侧。
在本实施例中，第一导流通道238为设置于连接件233的外侧面2331的第一导流槽，这种结构的第一导流通道238结构简单，便于成型。由于第一导流通道238设置于连接件233的外侧面2331，不会因设置第一导流通道238而降低延伸部2342的强度，提高了第一绝缘件234的使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图7，沿端盖230的厚度方向Z，第一导流槽的一端延伸至连接件233背离本体部2341的一端。
示例性的，连接件233部分容纳于容纳腔内，连接件233局部超出延伸部2342背离本体部2341的一端。第一导流槽为沿端盖230的厚度方向Z延伸的直线型槽。
在本实施例中，第一导流槽的一端延伸至连接件233背离本体部2341的一端，降低了第一导流槽的成型难度，增长了第一导流槽的长度，保证第一导流槽的畅通性。此外，在连接件233超延伸部2342背离本体部2341的一端的情况下，第一导流槽具有超出延伸部2342的部分，进一步保证了第一导流槽的畅通性。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图6和图7，端盖组件23还包括第二导流通道239，第二导流通道239形成于本体部2341与连接件233之间，第二导流通道239用于连通第一导流通道238和第二安装孔2341a。
可理解的是，第一导流通道238通过第二导流通道239与第二安装孔2341a间接连通。沿端盖230的厚度方向Z，连接件233具有面向本体部2341的第一面2333，第一面2333为容纳腔的底面，本体部2341具有面向连接件233的第二面2341b，第二导流通道239可以是设置于第一面2333的导流槽，也可以是设置于第二面2341b上的导流槽，也可以是第一面2333上的导流槽和第二面2341b上的导流槽共同形成的通道，也可以是第一面2333与第二面2341b之间存在间隙所形成的通道，也可以是第一面2333为粗糙面和/或第二面2341b为粗糙面而形成的不规则通道。
在本实施例中，第二导流通道239起到连通第一导流通道238和第二安装孔2341a的作用，第二导流通道239形成于本体部2341与连接件233之间，能够有效缩短连通第一导流通道238和第二安装孔2341a的连通路径。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图6，沿端盖230的厚度方向Z，连接件233具有面向本体部2341的第一面2333，第二导流通道239为设置于第一面2333的第二导流槽。
需要说明的是，在第一导流通道238为第一导流槽的情况下，无论是第一导流槽设置于延伸部2342的内侧面2342a，还是第一导流槽设置于连接件233的外侧面2331，第二导流通道239均可以是设置于第一面2333的第二导流槽。示例性的，在图6中，第一导流通道238为设置于延伸部2342的内侧面2342a的第一导流槽。
示例性的，连接件233的第一面2333可以是垂直于端盖230的厚度方向Z的平面。
在本实施例中，设置于第一面2333的第二导流槽可以是直线型槽，以可以是弯折型槽。若第二导流槽为直线型槽，第二导流槽可以沿垂直于端盖230厚度方向Z延伸。第二导流槽的横截面可以是矩形、圆弧形、V形等。
在端盖组件23的电极端子231为两个，且本体部2341上对应设有两个第二安装孔2341a的情况下，第一面2333上的第二导流槽可以沿两个第二安装孔2341a的排布方向延伸，以与第一导流槽连通。
在本实施例中，第二导流槽设置连接件233面向本体部2341的第一面2333，能够有效降低第二导流槽的成型难度。此外，由于第二导流槽设置连接件233，不会影响第一绝缘件234的本体部2341的绝缘性能。
在一些实施例中，请参照图8，图8为图6所示的连接件233的结构示意图，连接件233上设有供电极端子231穿过的第三安装孔2332，第二导流槽延伸至第三安装孔2332的孔壁。
第二导流槽延伸至第三安装孔2332的孔壁，使得第二导流槽与第三安装孔2332连通。示例性的，第二导流槽为直线型槽，第二导流槽的一端延伸至第三安装孔2332的孔壁，第二导流槽的另一端延伸至连接件233的外侧面2331，以与第一导流槽连通。
由于电极端子231穿过第二安装孔2341a和第三安装孔2332，第二导流槽与第二安装孔2341a连通能够提高第二导流槽与第二安装孔2341a的连通效果。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图7，沿端盖230的厚度方向Z，本体部2341具有面向连接件233的第二面2341b，第二导流通道239为设置于第二面2341b的第二导流槽。
需要说明的是，在第一导流通道238为第一导流槽的情况下，无论是第一导流槽设置于延伸部2342的内侧面2342a，还是第一导流槽设置于连接件233的外侧面2331，第二导流通道239均可以是设置于第二面2341b的第二导流槽。示例性的，在图7中，第一导流通道238为设置于连接件233的外侧面2331的第一导流槽。
示例性的，本体部2341的第二面2341b可以是垂直于端盖230的厚度方向Z的平面。
在本实施例中，设置于第二面2341b的第二导流槽可以是直线型槽，以可以是弯折型槽。若第二导流槽为直线型槽，第二导流槽可以沿垂直于端盖230厚度方向Z延伸。第二导流槽的横截面可以是矩形、圆弧形、V形等。
在端盖组件23的电极端子231为两个，且本体部2341上对应设有两个第二安装孔2341a的情况下，第二面2341b上的第二导流槽可以沿两个第二安装孔2341a的排布方向延伸，以与第一导流槽连通。
在本实施例中，由于第二安装孔2341a设置本体部2341上，第二导流槽设置于本体部2341面向连接件233的第二面2341b，更容易实现第二导流槽与第二安装孔2341a连通，提高第二导流槽与第二安装孔2341a的连通效果。
在一些实施例中，请参照图9，图9为图6所示的第一绝缘件234的结构示意图，第二安装孔2341a的孔壁上设有第三导流槽2341c，沿端盖230的厚度方向Z，第三导流槽2341c贯穿本体部2341，第三导流槽2341c与第二导流槽连通。
需要说明的是，无论第二导流槽设置于连接件233的第一面2333，还是设置于本体部2341的第二面2341b，第二安装孔2341a的孔壁均可以设置第三导流槽2341c，以通过第三导流槽2341c将第二导流槽与第二安装孔2341a连通。
示例性的，第二安装孔2341a的孔壁上设置有多个第三导流槽2341c，多个第三导流槽2341c沿第二安装孔2341a的周向间隔分布，第二导流槽与其中一个第三导流槽2341c连通。
第三导流槽2341c起到连通第二导流槽和第二安装孔2341a的作用，第三导流槽2341c能够增大本体部2341与电极端子231之间的间隙，保证壳体21内部与壳体21外部在密封件232失效时良好连通。
在一些实施例中，请参照图6和图7，第二导流槽延伸至第一导流槽，以实现第二导流槽与第一导流槽连通。
请参照图6，在第二导流槽设置于连接件233的第一面2333的实施例中，第二导流槽的一端延伸至第一导流槽，第二导流槽的另一端延伸至第三安装孔2332的孔壁。请参照图7，在第二导流槽设置于本体部2341的第二面2341b的实施例中，第二导流槽的一端延伸至第一导流槽，第二导流槽的另一端延伸至第二安装孔2341a的孔壁。
在本实施例中，由于第二导流槽延伸至第一导流槽，实现第二导流槽与第一导流槽直接连通，缩短连通壳体21内部与壳体21外部的连通路径。
在其他实施例中，第二导流槽与第一导流槽也可以间接连通，比如，连接件233为矩形块，第二导流槽沿连接件233的长度方向延伸，第一导流槽位于延伸部2342在连接件233的宽度方向上的一侧，在这种情况下，第一导流槽和第二导流槽之间则存在一定距离，则可以在第一导流 槽和第二导流槽之间设置其他通道，以将两者连通。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图6和图7，第一导流槽的宽度大于第二导流槽的宽度。这种结构能够保证第一导流槽与第二导流槽具有足够大的重叠区域，保证第一导流槽和第二导流槽连通位置的宽度，降低因制造误差造成第一导流槽和第二导流槽出现较大的错位，而导致第一导流槽和第二导流槽连通位置较窄的风险。
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20，包括壳体21和上述任意一个实施例提供的端盖组件23，壳体21具有开口，端盖230用于盖合于开口，以封闭壳体21。
本申请实施例提供一种电池100，包括箱体10和上述任意一个实施例提供的电池单体20，箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。
本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，包括上述任意一个实施例提供的电池100。
用电设备可以是上述任一应用电池100的设备。
此外，请参照图5，本申请实施例提供一种端盖组件23，包括端盖230、电极端子231、密封件232、连接件233和第一密封件232，第一密封件232包括本体部2341和延伸部2342，沿端盖230的厚度方向Z，本体部2341位于连接件233和端盖230之间，本体部2341上设有供电极端子231穿过的第二安装孔2341a，延伸部2342位于连接件233的外周，且围设于本体部2341的边缘。延伸部2342上设有第一导流通道238，连接件233上设有第二导流通道239，第一导流通道238和第二安装孔2341a通过第二导流通道239连通。其中，第一导流通道238为设置于延伸部2342的内侧面2342a的第一导流槽，第二导流槽为设置于连接件233面向本体部2341的表面的第二导流槽。
在这样的端盖组件23中，延伸部2342上第一导流通道238通过本体部2341上的第二导流通道239与本体部2341上的第二安装孔2341a连通，在密封件232失效时，将使得壳体21的内部与壳体21的外部连通，消除了电池单体20假密封现象，提高电池单体20的安全性。
请参照图10，图10为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的制造方法的流程图，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20的制造方法，制造方法包括：
S100：提供壳体21，壳体21具有开口。
S200：提供端盖组件23，端盖组件23包括端盖230、电极端子231、密封件232、连接件233、第一绝缘件234和第一导流通道238。端盖230具有沿端盖230的厚度方向Z贯穿端盖230的第一安装孔2301，端盖230用于封闭电池单体20的壳体21。电极端子231部分穿设于第一安装孔2301内。密封件232至少部分位于第一安装孔2301内，以密封电极端子231和端盖230。连接件233连接于电极端子231。第一绝缘件234包括本体部2341和延伸部2342，沿端盖230的厚度方向Z，本体部2341位于连接件233和端盖230之间，本体部2341上设有供电极端子231穿过的第二安装孔2341a，延伸部2342位于连接件233的外周，且围设于本体部2341的边缘。第一导流通道238形成于延伸部2342与连接件233之间，第一导流通道238与第二安装孔2341a连通，以在密封件232失效时使得壳体21的外部与壳体21的内部连通。
S300：将端盖组件23的端盖230盖合于壳体21的开口。
在上述方法中，并不限制步骤S100和步骤S200的先后顺序。可以先执行步骤S100，再执行步骤S200，也可以先执行步骤S200，再执行步骤S100。
需要说明的是，通过上述各实施例提供的制造方法制造的电池单体20的相关结构，可参见前述各实施例提供的电池单体20，在此不再赘述。
请参照图11，图11为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的制造设备2000的示意性框图，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20的制造设备2000，制造设备2000包括第一提供装置2100、第二提供装置2200和组装装置2300。
第一提供装置2100用于提供壳体21，壳体21具有开口。第二提供装置2200用于提供端 盖组件23，端盖组件23包括端盖230、电极端子231、密封件232、连接件233、第一绝缘件234和第一导流通道238。端盖230具有沿端盖230的厚度方向Z贯穿端盖230的第一安装孔2301，端盖230用于封闭电池单体20的壳体21。电极端子231部分穿设于第一安装孔2301内。密封件232至少部分位于第一安装孔2301内，以密封电极端子231和端盖230。连接件233连接于电极端子231。第一绝缘件234包括本体部2341和延伸部2342，沿端盖230的厚度方向Z，本体部2341位于连接件233和端盖230之间，本体部2341上设有供电极端子231穿过的第二安装孔2341a，延伸部2342位于连接件233的外周，且围设于本体部2341的边缘。第一导流通道238形成于延伸部2342与连接件233之间，第一导流通道238与第二安装孔2341a连通，以在密封件232失效时使得壳体21的外部与壳体21的内部连通。组装装置2300用于将端盖230盖合于开口。
需要说明的是，通过上述实施例提供的制造设备2000制造的电池单体20的相关结构，可参见前述各实施例提供的电池单体20，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种端盖组件，包括：
    端盖，具有沿所述端盖的厚度方向贯穿所述端盖的第一安装孔，所述端盖用于封闭电池单体的壳体；
    电极端子，部分穿设于所述第一安装孔内；
    密封件，至少部分位于所述第一安装孔内，以密封所述电极端子和所述端盖；
    连接件，连接于所述电极端子；
    第一绝缘件，包括本体部和延伸部，沿所述厚度方向，所述本体部位于所述连接件和所述端盖之间，所述本体部上设有供所述电极端子穿过的第二安装孔，所述延伸部位于所述连接件的外周，且围设于所述本体部的边缘；
    第一导流通道，形成于所述延伸部与所述连接件之间，所述第一导流通道与所述第二安装孔连通，以在所述密封件失效时使得壳体的内部与壳体的外部连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一导流通道为设置于所述延伸部的内侧面的第一导流槽。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的端盖组件，其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一导流槽的一端延伸至所述延伸部背离所述本体部的一端。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一导流通道为设置于所述连接件的外侧面的第一导流槽。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的端盖组件，其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一导流槽的一端延伸至所述连接件背离所述本体部的一端。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖组件还包括：
    第二导流通道，形成于所述本体部与所述连接件之间，所述第二导流通道用于连通所述第一导流通道和所述第二安装孔。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的端盖组件，其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述连接件具有面向所述本体部的第一面；
    所述第二导流通道为设置于所述第一面的第二导流槽。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的端盖组件，其中，所述连接件上设有供所述电极端子穿过的第三安装孔；
    所述第二导流槽延伸至所述第三安装孔的孔壁。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的端盖组件，其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述本体部具有面向所述连接件的第二面；
    所述第二导流通道为设置于所述第二面的第二导流槽。
  10. 根据权利要求7-9任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第二安装孔的孔壁上设有第三导流槽，沿所述厚度方向，所述第三导流槽贯穿所述本体部，所述第三导流槽与所述第二导流槽连通。
  11. 根据权利要求7-9任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第二导流槽延伸至所述第一导流槽，以实现所述第二导流槽与所述第一导流槽连通。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一导流槽的宽度大于所述第二导流槽的宽度。
  13. 一种电池单体，包括：
    壳体，具有开口；
    权利要求1-12任一项所述的端盖组件，所述端盖用于盖合于所述开口，以封闭所述壳体。
  14. 一种电池，包括：
    权利要求13所述的电池单体；
    箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体。
  15. 一种用电设备，包括权利要求14所述的电池。
  16. 一种电池单体的制造方法，所述制造方法包括：
    提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；
    提供端盖组件，所述端盖组件包括：
    端盖，具有沿所述端盖的厚度方向贯穿所述端盖的第一安装孔，所述端盖用于封闭电池单体的壳体；
    电极端子，部分穿设于所述第一安装孔内；
    密封件，至少部分位于所述第一安装孔内，以密封所述电极端子和所述端盖；
    连接件，连接于所述电极端子；
    第一绝缘件，包括本体部和延伸部，沿所述厚度方向，所述本体部位于所述连接件和所述端盖之间，所述本体部上设有供所述电极端子穿过的第二安装孔，所述延伸部位于所述连接件的外周，且围设于所述本体部的边缘；
    第一导流通道，形成于所述延伸部与所述连接件之间，所述第一导流通道与所述第二安装孔连通，以在所述密封件失效时使得壳体的外部与壳体的内部连通；
    将所述端盖盖合于所述开口。
  17. 一种电池单体的制造设备，所述制造设备包括：
    第一提供装置，用于提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；
    第二提供装置，用于提供端盖组件，所述端盖组件包括：
    端盖，具有沿所述端盖的厚度方向贯穿所述端盖的第一安装孔，所述端盖用于封闭电池单体的壳体；
    电极端子，部分穿设于所述第一安装孔内；
    密封件，至少部分位于所述第一安装孔内，以密封所述电极端子和所述端盖；
    连接件，连接于所述电极端子；
    第一绝缘件，包括本体部和延伸部，沿所述厚度方向，所述本体部位于所述连接件和所述端盖之间，所述本体部上设有供所述电极端子穿过的第二安装孔，所述延伸部位于所述连接件的外周，且围设于所述本体部的边缘；
    第一导流通道，形成于所述延伸部与所述连接件之间，所述第一导流通道与所述第二安装孔连通，以在所述密封件失效时使得壳体的外部与壳体的内部连通；
    组装装置，用于将所述端盖盖合于所述开口。
PCT/CN2022/074118 2022-01-26 2022-01-26 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 WO2023141839A1 (zh)

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CN109428017A (zh) * 2017-08-30 2019-03-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 二次电池以及电池模组
CN208848940U (zh) * 2018-08-21 2019-05-10 深圳市瑞德丰精密制造有限公司 一种电池顶盖
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