WO2023142894A1 - 电池单体、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023142894A1
WO2023142894A1 PCT/CN2022/144194 CN2022144194W WO2023142894A1 WO 2023142894 A1 WO2023142894 A1 WO 2023142894A1 CN 2022144194 W CN2022144194 W CN 2022144194W WO 2023142894 A1 WO2023142894 A1 WO 2023142894A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
opening
end cap
end cover
connecting portion
cover
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/144194
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
雷育永
李川
郭志君
宋英俊
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023142894A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023142894A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular, to a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • Secondary batteries have outstanding advantages such as high energy density, low environmental pollution, high power density, long service life, wide application range, and small self-discharge coefficient. An important part of.
  • the battery cell of the secondary battery is assembled into an electrode assembly by winding or laminating the positive pole piece, the negative pole piece and the separator, then put it into the case, cover the end cap, and finally inject the electrolyte.
  • the casing and the end cap of the battery cell need to be welded with the tabs of the electrode assembly respectively, so as to realize the output and output of the electric energy of the battery cell, but, in the battery cell of this structure, the casing and the pole The welding of the lugs is difficult, resulting in high difficulty in assembling the battery cells and a long assembly time, which is not conducive to improving the production efficiency of the battery cells.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device, which can effectively improve the production efficiency of the battery cell.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, which includes a casing, an electrode assembly, a first end cap, and a second end cap; an accommodating cavity is formed inside the casing, and along a predetermined direction, the The accommodating cavity is respectively formed with a first opening and a second opening at both ends of the casing; the electrode assembly is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and the two ends of the electrode assembly in the preset direction are respectively formed with The first tab and the second tab; the first end cover is used to cover the first opening, and the first end cover is electrically connected to the first tab; the second end cover is used for Covering the second opening, and the second end cover is electrically connected to the second tab; wherein, the first opening is larger than the second opening, and the second end cover is configured from the The first opening covers the second opening after passing through the accommodating cavity.
  • a first opening and a second opening are respectively opened at both ends of the casing in a predetermined direction, and the first opening is set to be larger than the second opening, so that the second end cover can be opened from the first opening. After entering the accommodation cavity, the second opening is covered from the inside of the accommodation cavity.
  • the electrode assembly connected with the first end cover and the second end cover is inserted into the accommodating cavity from the first opening, so that the second end cover can cover the second opening,
  • the function of the first end cap and the second end cap being inserted into the shell at the same time can be realized, so that the first end cap and the second end cap can be connected to both ends of the casing at the same time during production and assembly, so as to complete the production of the battery cell Assembly can effectively reduce the difficulty of assembling the battery cells, shorten the assembly time, and help improve the production efficiency of the battery cells.
  • the electrode assembly since the electrode assembly has been assembled between the first tab and the first end cap and between the second tab and the second end cap before being assembled into the accommodating cavity of the casing, there is no need to extend the first tab or the second tab out of the housing and then connect with the first end cover and the second end cover, which is beneficial to shorten the distance between the first tab and the second tab of the electrode assembly
  • the length can effectively reduce the production cost of the battery cell, and can alleviate the redundancy of the first tab and the second tab.
  • the housing includes a connecting portion and a side wall;
  • the connecting portion is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the housing, and the connecting portion surrounds and forms the second opening;
  • the connecting portion A side wall is arranged around the outer periphery of the connecting portion, and along the preset direction, one end of the side wall is connected to the connecting portion, and the other end of the side wall surrounds the first opening; wherein, along In the preset direction, the connecting portion is configured to restrict the second end cover from detaching from the casing in a direction away from the first end cover from the second opening.
  • the casing is provided with a connecting portion and a side wall, and the side wall is provided around the connecting portion as an outer periphery to form an accommodating cavity for accommodating the electrode assembly.
  • the second opening is a structure enclosed by the connection part, and the connection part can restrict the second end cover from the housing, so that on the one hand, it can play a certain position-limiting effect on the second end cover, which is conducive to lifting the second end cover and
  • the structural stability between the shells on the other hand, can play a certain positioning and guiding role for the second end cover, so that the second end cover can be easily covered from the second opening in the accommodating cavity, which is beneficial to the second end cover. End caps are assembled.
  • At least part of the second end cap is inserted into the second opening to cover the second opening; along the predetermined direction, the second opening is at the connecting portion
  • a first sub-opening and a second sub-opening are respectively formed on both sides of the first sub-opening, the first sub-opening is closer to the first end cap than the second sub-opening, and the size of the first sub-opening is larger than
  • the size of the second sub-opening is such that the second end cap is restricted from detaching from the casing in a direction away from the first end cap from the second opening.
  • the second opening is respectively formed with a first sub-opening and a second sub-opening on both sides of the connecting part, and by setting the size of the first sub-opening to be larger than the size of the second sub-opening, the The structure realizes the restricting effect on the second end cap, so that the end cap can be inserted into the second opening from the first sub-opening, thereby facilitating the second end cap to cover the second opening from the accommodating cavity.
  • the connecting portion has an inner peripheral wall, the inner peripheral wall encloses and forms the second opening; the inner peripheral wall is formed with a first conical surface, and the first conical surface is in the preset direction It has opposite big end and small end, and the big end is closer to the first end cap than the small end; the outer peripheral side of the second end cap is formed with a second conical surface, and the first end cap is formed with a second conical surface.
  • the two conical surfaces cooperate with the first conical surface and abut against each other.
  • the hole wall of the second opening is formed with the structure of the first conical surface, and the large end of the first conical surface is relatively large.
  • the small end of the first conical surface is closer to the first end cap, so that the second conical surface formed on the outer peripheral side of the first end cap can abut against the first conical surface, thereby achieving
  • the function of restricting the second end cover from the shell is simple in structure and easy to realize, and the structure of the mutual cooperation between the first conical surface and the second conical surface can also guide the second end cover to a certain extent, so as to facilitate the first The second end cover is guided into the second opening, thereby improving the assembly efficiency between the second end cover and the housing.
  • the second opening includes a first hole segment and a second hole segment arranged in sequence along the preset direction and communicating with each other, the hole wall of the first hole segment is connected to the second hole segment.
  • the hole wall of the hole section, the hole wall of the first hole section is the first conical surface;
  • the second end cap includes a first part and a second part connected in sequence along the preset direction, and the first part
  • the second conical surface is formed on the outer peripheral side of the , and at least part of the second portion is accommodated in the second hole segment.
  • the first conical surface can be formed only by chamfering the first hole segment during processing, which is beneficial to reduce processing difficulty and facilitate processing and manufacturing.
  • the first conical surface extends to a side of the connecting portion away from the first end cap, and at a side of the connecting portion facing away from the first end cap One side forms the small end.
  • the small end of the first conical surface is set to be flush with the side of the connecting part away from the first end cap, so that the entire hole wall of the second opening is the structure of the first conical surface, and on the one hand, the first conical surface can be
  • the second end cover plays a better guiding role, facilitating the second end cover to be inserted into the second opening, and on the other hand, it is beneficial to improve the structural stability of the second end cover covering the second opening.
  • the connecting portion has a stepped surface, and at least part of the second end cap abuts against the stepped surface, so as to restrict the second end cap from the second opening to move away from the first An opening is directed away from the housing.
  • the structure is simple, and it is beneficial to Improve the limit ability of the second end cap.
  • the second opening includes a third hole segment and a fourth hole segment arranged in sequence along the predetermined direction and communicating with each other, the hole wall of the third hole segment and the fourth hole
  • the hole walls of the segments are connected by the step surface, the aperture diameter of the third hole segment is larger than the aperture diameter of the fourth hole segment, and the third hole segment is closer to the
  • the first end cover; the second end cover includes a third part and a fourth part, at least part of the third part is accommodated in the third hole segment and leans against the stepped surface, and the fourth part At least part of the portion is housed within said fourth bore segment.
  • the second opening as the third hole segment and the fourth hole segment arranged in sequence along the preset direction, and the aperture diameter of the third hole segment is larger than the aperture diameter of the fourth hole segment, so that in the third hole segment A stepped surface for the second end cover to abut against is formed between the hole wall of the hole section and the hole wall of the fourth hole section, and the stepped surface is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the connecting part, so as to realize the support of the second end cover.
  • the limit function of the cover, and the third part and the fourth part of the second end cover are correspondingly arranged in the third hole section and the fourth hole section. This structure is conducive to improving the distance between the second end cover and the connecting part. Assembly stability.
  • a side of the second end cap facing away from the first end cap is flush with a side of the connecting portion facing away from the first end cap.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a battery, including a box body and the above-mentioned battery cells; the battery cells are accommodated in the box body.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, including the above-mentioned battery, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structure of the battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the structure of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the electrode assembly and the insulating film provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view of A of the battery cell shown in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a housing provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a partial enlarged view of B of the housing shown in Fig. 9;
  • Fig. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second end cap provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a housing provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is a partial enlarged view of C of the housing shown in Fig. 12;
  • Fig. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second end cap provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing provided in some further embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 16 is a partial enlarged view at D of the housing shown in Fig. 15;
  • Fig. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second end cap provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a partial enlarged view at E of the battery cell shown in FIG. 7 .
  • Icons 1000-vehicle; 100-battery; 10-box; 11-first box body; 12-second box body; 20-battery unit; 21-housing; 211-accommodating cavity; 212-first opening ; 213-the second opening; 2131-the first hole section; 2132-the second hole section; 2133-the third hole section; 215-side wall; 22-electrode assembly; 221-first tab; 222-second tab; 23-first end cover; 231-first cover; 232-first electrode terminal; 233-first insulator; 24-second end cover; 241-second cover; 2411-second conical surface; 2412-first part; 2413-second part; 2414- 2415-fourth part; 242-second electrode terminal; 243-second insulating member; 25-insulating film; 200-controller; 300-motor; X-preset direction.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length and width of the integrated device, are for illustrative purposes only, and should not constitute any limitation to the application .
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon. In order to ensure that a large current is passed without fusing, the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Batteries have outstanding advantages such as high energy density, low environmental pollution, high power density, long service life, wide application range, and small self-discharge coefficient. They are an important part of new energy development. With the continuous development of battery technology, the current demand for batteries is also increasing. Therefore, the improvement of battery production efficiency is extremely important.
  • the welding difficulty is relatively high, which leads to a long assembly time of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell is usually set as the shell and the two end caps.
  • both ends of the housing are provided with openings, and the two end caps are respectively covered on both ends of the housing, so that the tab at one end of the electrode assembly can be welded to one end cap, and then the end cap is welded to the One end of the shell, and then the pole lug at the other end of the electrode assembly is extended out of the shell and then welded to the electrode terminal of the other end cover, and finally the end cover is welded to the other end of the shell, which is beneficial to reduce the electrode assembly.
  • the difficulty of welding between the tab and the shell has a sequence, and it is necessary to complete the welding of one end cap to the shell before the other end cap can be welded to the shell.
  • the battery cell with this structure needs to extend the tab of the electrode assembly out of the casing before welding with the end cap, resulting in a longer tab of the electrode assembly, which is not conducive to reducing the production cost of the battery cell, and It is very easy to cause redundancy in the tabs.
  • the battery cell is provided with a casing, an electrode assembly, a first end cover and a second end cover build.
  • the casing has an accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity is respectively formed with a first opening and a second opening at two ends of the casing along a preset direction.
  • the electrode assembly is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and the two ends of the electrode assembly in a preset direction have a first tab and a second tab respectively.
  • the first end cover and the second end cover respectively cover the first opening and the second opening, and the first end cover and the second end cover are respectively electrically connected to the first tab and the second tab of the electrode assembly.
  • the first opening is larger than the second opening
  • the second end cover is configured to cover the second opening after passing through the receiving cavity from the first opening.
  • a first opening and a second opening are respectively opened at both ends of the housing in a predetermined direction, and the first opening is set to be larger than the second opening, so that the second end cover can be opened from the first opening. After the first opening enters the receiving cavity, the second opening is covered from the inside of the receiving cavity.
  • the first end cover and the second end cover can be connected to the electrodes respectively during production and assembly.
  • the electrode assembly connected with the first end cover and the second end cover is inserted into the accommodating cavity from the first opening, so that the second end cover can cover the second Opening, so that the first end cover and the second end cover can be simultaneously inserted into the shell, so that the first end cover and the second end cover can be welded to both ends of the shell at the same time during production and assembly to complete the battery cell
  • the production and assembly of the battery cells can effectively reduce the difficulty of assembling the battery cells, shorten the assembly time, and help improve the production efficiency of the battery cells.
  • the electrode assembly since the electrode assembly has been assembled between the first tab and the first end cap and between the second tab and the second end cap before being assembled into the accommodating cavity of the casing, there is no need to extend the first tab or the second tab out of the housing and then connect with the first end cover and the second end cover, which is beneficial to shorten the distance between the first tab and the second tab of the electrode assembly
  • the length can effectively reduce the production cost of the battery cell, and can alleviate the redundancy of the first tab and the second tab.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electric devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts.
  • a power supply system comprising the electric device can be composed of the battery cells and batteries disclosed in this application. In this way, it is beneficial to reduce the difficulty of assembling the battery cells, so as to improve the production efficiency of the battery cells.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery as a power source.
  • the electric device can be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • a vehicle 1000 as an electric device according to an embodiment of the present application is taken as an example for description.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • the interior of the vehicle 1000 is provided with a battery 100 , and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the structure of the battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is used to provide an assembly space for the battery cells 20
  • the box body 10 may adopt various structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a first box body 11 and a second box body 12, the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 cover each other, the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 share An assembly space for accommodating the battery cells 20 is defined.
  • the second box body 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first box body 11 can be a plate-shaped structure.
  • the two box bodies 12 define the assembly space jointly; open side.
  • the box body 10 formed by the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 may be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, and the like.
  • the battery 100 there may be one or a plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of a plurality of battery cells 20 is housed in the box 10; of course, the battery 100 can also be a plurality of battery cells 20
  • the battery modules are firstly connected in series or parallel or in combination, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series or in parallel or in combination to form a whole, which is accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may also include a bus component for realizing electrical connection between multiple battery cells 20 .
  • each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes.
  • FIG. 3 A structural schematic diagram of the housing 21 is provided.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 20 , and the battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 , a first end cap 23 and a second end cap 24 .
  • An accommodating cavity 211 is formed inside the casing 21 , and along a preset direction X, the accommodating cavity 211 is respectively formed with a first opening 212 and a second opening 213 at two ends of the casing 21 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 is accommodated in the housing cavity 211 , and the two ends of the electrode assembly 22 in the predetermined direction X are respectively formed with a first tab 221 and a second tab 222 (a positive tab and a negative tab).
  • the first end cover 23 is used to cover the first opening 212 , and the first end cover 23 is electrically connected to the first tab 221 .
  • the second end cover 24 is used to cover the second opening 213 , and the second end cover 24 is electrically connected to the second tab 222 .
  • the first opening 212 is larger than the second opening 213
  • the second end cap 24 is configured to cover the second opening 213 after passing through the receiving cavity 211 from the first opening 212 .
  • the second end cap 24 is configured to cover the second opening 213 after passing through the receiving chamber 211 from the first opening 212, that is, the size of the second end cap 24 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first opening 212 and the receiving chamber 211, so that the second The end cap 24 can cover the second opening 213 in the receiving cavity 211 after entering the receiving cavity 211 from the first opening 212 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 of the cover 23 and the second end cap 24 is inserted into the accommodating cavity 211 from the first opening 212, and the second end cap 24 is inserted into the second opening 213 to cover the second opening 213;
  • An end cap 23 and a second end cap 24 are respectively connected to two ends of the casing 21 to complete the assembly of the battery cell 20 .
  • first end cover 23 and the second end cover 24 may be connected to the housing 21 by means of welding, bonding or clamping.
  • the first end cover 23 and the second end cover 24 are respectively connected to two ends of the casing 21 by means of laser welding.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of connection between the electrode assembly 22 and the insulating film 25 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include an insulating film 25 covering the outer peripheral sides of the electrode assembly 22 , the first end cap 23 and the second end cap 24 along the circumferential direction of the electrode assembly 22 . That is to say, after the first end cover 23 and the second end cover 24 are respectively connected to the first tab 221 and the second tab 222 corresponding to the electrode assembly 22, then the insulating film 25 is coated on the first tab connected to the first tab.
  • the outer peripheral side of the electrode assembly 22 of the cover 23 and the second end cover 24 is a schematic diagram of connection between the electrode assembly 22 and the insulating film 25 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include an insulating film 25 covering the outer peripheral sides of the electrode assembly 22 , the first end cap 23 and the second end cap 24 along the circumferential direction of the electrode assembly 22 . That is to say, after the first end cover 23 and
  • this structure can play a certain role in fixing the electrode assembly 22, the first end cover 23 and the second end cover 24, so that the electrode assembly 22, the first end cover 23 and the second end cover 24 form a whole , so as to facilitate insertion into the housing cavity 211 of the housing 21 , and on the other hand, it can also play a certain insulating role between the electrode assembly 22 and the housing 21 .
  • the material of the insulating film 25 may be polyimide, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, or polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the first end cover 23 may include a first cover body 231 , a first electrode terminal 232 and a first insulator 233 .
  • the first cover 231 covers the first opening 212 .
  • the first electrode terminal 232 is insulated and installed on the first cover 231 , and the first electrode terminal 232 is used to electrically connect with the first tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22 to realize input and output of positive or negative electrodes of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the first insulator 233 is disposed on a side of the first cover 231 facing the second opening 213 in the predetermined direction X, and the first insulator 233 is used for insulating the first cover 231 and the first tab 221 .
  • the first electrode terminal 232 is insulated and installed on the first cover 231 , that is, the first electrode terminal 232 is installed on the first cover 231 , but the first electrode terminal 232 and the first cover 231 do not form a current conduction.
  • the first electrode terminal 232 is welded to the first tab 221 .
  • the first electrode terminal 232 can be directly welded to the first tab 221, or can be electrically connected to the first tab 221 through other components, for example, after the first tab 221 is welded to the current collecting member, the current collecting The component is then welded or abutted against the first electrode terminal 232 to realize the electrical connection between the first tab 221 and the first electrode terminal 232 .
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view of A of the battery cell 20 shown in FIG. 7
  • the first cover 231 has an abutment portion 2311 and an insertion portion 2312, the abutment portion 2311 abuts against and is connected to an end of the housing 21 away from the second end cover 24 in the preset direction X, and the insertion portion 2312 is connected to the abutment
  • the leaning portion 2311 faces a side of the second end cover 24 in the preset direction X, and the inserting portion 2312 is inserted into the first opening 212 .
  • the first insulator 233 is mounted on a side of the socket portion 2312 facing the second end cover 24 in the preset direction X. As shown in FIG.
  • the material of the first insulating member 233 may include plastic, rubber, plastic or silicone.
  • the second end cover 24 may include a second cover body 241 , a second electrode terminal 242 and a second insulator 243 .
  • the second cover 241 covers the second opening 213 and is connected to an end of the casing 21 away from the first opening 212 in the preset direction X.
  • the second electrode terminal 242 is insulated and installed on the second cover 241 , and the second electrode terminal 242 is used to electrically connect with the second tab 222 of the electrode assembly 22 to realize the input and output of the positive pole or the negative pole of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the second insulator 243 is disposed on a side of the second cover 241 facing the first opening 212 in the predetermined direction X, and the second insulator 243 is used to insulate and isolate the second cover 241 and the second tab 222 .
  • the second electrode terminal 242 is insulated and installed on the second cover 241 , that is, the second electrode terminal 242 is installed on the second cover 241 , but the second electrode terminal 242 and the second cover 241 do not form a current conduction.
  • the second electrode terminal 242 is welded to the second tab 222 .
  • the second electrode terminal 242 can be directly welded to the second tab 222, or can be electrically connected to the second tab 222 through other components, for example, after the second tab 222 is welded to the current collecting member, the current collecting The component is then welded or abutted against the second electrode terminal 242 to realize the electrical connection between the second tab 222 and the second electrode terminal 242 .
  • the material of the second insulating member 243 may include plastic, rubber, plastic or silicone.
  • the first cover 231 or the second cover 241 may also be provided with a liquid injection hole for injecting electrolyte into the casing 21 .
  • the casing 21 can also be used to accommodate electrolyte, such as electrolyte solution.
  • the housing 21 can be in various structural forms.
  • the housing 21 may also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid and so on.
  • the shape of the casing 21 can be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 22 . For example, if the electrode assembly 22 has a cylindrical structure, the shell 21 with a cylindrical structure can be selected; if the electrode assembly 22 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the shell 21 with a rectangular parallelepiped structure can be selected.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is a part where electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 may include a positive electrode tab, a negative electrode tab, and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 22 may be a coiled structure formed by winding a positive pole piece, a separator and a negative pole piece, or a laminated structure formed by stacking a positive pole piece, a separator and a negative pole piece.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the pressure inside the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a predetermined value.
  • the pressure relief mechanism can be installed on the first end cover 23 or on the second end cover 24 .
  • the battery cell 20 may also include two pressure relief mechanisms, and the pressure relief mechanisms are installed on the first end cover 23 and the second end cover 24 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism may be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, a burst disk, an air valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve.
  • Both ends of the housing 21 in the predetermined direction X are respectively provided with a first opening 212 and a second opening 213, and the first opening 212 is set to be larger than the second opening 213, so that the second end cover 24 can be opened from the first After the opening 212 enters the receiving chamber 211, the second opening 213 is covered from the inside of the receiving chamber 211.
  • the battery cell 20 with this structure can be assembled with the first end cover 23 and the second end cap first. After the cover 24 is respectively connected to the first tab 221 and the second tab 222 of the electrode assembly 22, the electrode assembly 22 connected with the first end cap 23 and the second end cap 24 is inserted into the container from the first opening 212.
  • the second end cap 24 can cover the second opening 213, so as to realize the function that the first end cap 23 and the second end cap 24 enter the shell at the same time, so that the first end cap can be put into the shell at the same time during production and assembly.
  • 23 and the second end cover 24 are connected to both ends of the housing 21 to complete the production and assembly of the battery cell 20, which can effectively reduce the difficulty of assembling the battery cell 20 and shorten the assembly time, which is conducive to improving the battery cell 20 production efficiency.
  • the electrode assembly 22 has completed the gap between the first tab 221 and the first end cap 23 and the second tab before being assembled into the housing cavity 211 of the housing 21 222 and the second end cover 24, so that there is no need to extend the first tab 221 or the second tab 222 out of the housing 21 and then connect with the first end cover 23 and the second end cover 24, which is conducive to shortening
  • the length of the first tab 221 and the second tab 222 of the electrode assembly 22 can effectively reduce the production cost of the battery cell 20 , and can alleviate the redundancy of the first tab 221 and the second tab 222 .
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the housing 21 provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 10 is the housing 21 shown in FIG. Partial enlarged view of B.
  • the housing 21 includes a connection portion 214 and a side wall 215 .
  • the connecting portion 214 is an annular structure extending along the circumferential direction of the housing 21 , and the connecting portion 214 encloses and forms the second opening 213 .
  • the side wall 215 surrounds the connecting portion 214 .
  • one end of the side wall 215 is connected to the connecting portion 214 , and the other end of the side wall 215 encloses the first opening 212 .
  • the connecting portion 214 is configured to restrict the second end cover 24 from the housing 21 from the second opening 213 in a direction away from the first end cover 23 .
  • the side wall 215 surrounds the outer periphery of the connecting portion 214, that is, the connecting portion 214 protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the side wall 215, that is, the side wall 215 covers the connecting portion 214 along the circumferential direction of the connecting portion 214. to form an accommodating cavity 211 for accommodating the electrode assembly 22 , and a first opening 212 is formed at the end of the side wall 215 away from the connecting portion 214 along the predetermined direction X.
  • the side wall 215 and the connecting portion 214 may be an integral structure or a split structure.
  • the second opening 213 formed on the connecting portion 214 can also be formed by punching or cutting;
  • the connecting portion 214 may be an annular plate-shaped structure extending along the circumference of the housing 21 , and the connecting portion 214 is welded to the inner peripheral surface of the side wall 215 .
  • the second opening 213 is a structure enclosed by the connection part 214, and the connection part 214 can restrict the second end cover 24 from the housing 21, so that on the one hand, it can limit the second end cover 24 to a certain extent, which is beneficial Improve the structural stability between the second end cover 24 and the housing 21, on the other hand, it can play a certain positioning and guiding role for the second end cover 24, so as to facilitate the alignment of the second end cover 24 from the accommodating cavity 211
  • the second opening 213 is covered to facilitate the assembly of the second end cover 24 .
  • the second end cap 24 is inserted into the second opening 213 to cover the second opening 213 .
  • the second opening 213 is respectively formed with a first sub-opening and a second sub-opening on both sides of the connecting portion 214, the first sub-opening is closer to the first end cap 23 than the second sub-opening, The size of the first sub-opening is larger than that of the second sub-opening, so as to limit the second end cover 24 from the housing 21 from the second opening 213 in a direction away from the first end cover 23 .
  • the second opening 213 is respectively formed with a first sub-opening and a second sub-opening on both sides of the connecting portion 214, and the first sub-opening is closer to the first end cap than the second sub-opening. 23.
  • the first sub-opening is larger than the second sub-opening, that is, the apertures at both ends of the second opening 213 in the predetermined direction X are different, and the aperture at one end close to the first end cap 23 is larger than the aperture at the other end.
  • the second opening 213 is respectively formed with a first sub-opening and a second sub-opening on both sides of the connecting portion 214.
  • the limiting function of the second end cap 24 is to enable the end cap to be inserted into the second opening 213 from the first sub-opening, thereby facilitating the second end cap 24 to cover the second opening 213 from the accommodating cavity 211 .
  • FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of the second end cap 24 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the connecting portion 214 has an inner peripheral wall that encloses the second opening 213 .
  • the inner peripheral wall is formed with a first conical surface 2141 .
  • the first conical surface 2141 has a large end and a small end opposite to each other in a predetermined direction X. The large end is closer to the first end cap 23 than the small end.
  • a second conical surface 2411 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the second end cap 24 , and the second conical surface 2411 and the first conical surface 2141 cooperate and abut against each other.
  • a first conical surface 2141 is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the connecting portion 214.
  • the first conical surface 2141 has a large end and a small end opposite to each other in the predetermined direction X, and the large end is closer to the first end than the small end.
  • the cover 23, that is, the hole wall of the second opening 213 is formed with a structure of a first conical surface 2141, and the large end of the first conical surface 2141 is closer to the first end cap 23 than the small end of the first conical surface 2141,
  • the second conical surface 2411 formed on the outer peripheral side of the second end cap 24 can abut against the first conical surface 2141 .
  • the second conical surface 2411 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the second cover body 241 of the second end cover 24 .
  • the function of restricting the second end cover 24 from the housing 21 is realized through this structure.
  • the structure is simple and easy to realize, and the first conical surface 2141
  • the structure cooperating with the second conical surface 2411 can also guide the second end cap 24 to a certain extent, so as to guide the second end cap 24 into the second opening 213, thereby facilitating the improvement of the second end cap 24. Assembly efficiency with the housing 21.
  • the welding laser will be blocked by the second conical surface 2411 of the second end cap 24, so that The phenomenon that the welding laser enters into the housing 21 through the gap between the second end cover 24 and the connecting portion 214 is effectively alleviated, thereby helping to reduce the risk of the electrode assembly 22 being burned by the welding laser.
  • the second opening 213 includes a first hole segment 2131 and a second hole segment 2132 arranged in sequence along the preset direction X and communicated with each other.
  • the hole wall of the hole section 2131 is connected to the hole wall of the second hole section 2132
  • the hole wall of the first hole section 2131 is a first conical surface 2141 .
  • the second end cap 24 includes a first part 2412 and a second part 2413 which are sequentially connected along a preset direction X.
  • a second conical surface 2411 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the first part 2412, and at least a part of the second part 2413 is accommodated in the second hole section.
  • the second cover body 241 of the second end cover 24 includes a first part 2412 and a second part 2413 connected in sequence, and in the predetermined direction X, the second part 2413 is connected to the part of the first part 2412 away from the second insulator 243 On one side, the second insulating member 243 is connected to a side of the first portion 2412 away from the second portion 2413 .
  • the first part 2412 and the second part 2413 are integrated.
  • the outer peripheral side of the first part 2412 of the second end cap 24 into a second conical surface 2411 that cooperates with the first conical surface 2141, and at least part of the second part 2413 is accommodated in the second hole section 2132, That is to say, a part of the second end cover 24 is located in the first hole section 2131, and another part is located in the second hole section 2132, so adopting this structure is conducive to improving the effect of the second end cover 24 covering the second opening 213, And it is beneficial to improve the assembly stability between the second end cover 24 and the connecting portion 214 .
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the housing 21 provided by some other embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 13 is a partial enlarged view of C of the housing 21 shown in FIG. 12 picture.
  • the first conical surface 2141 extends to a side of the connecting portion 214 away from the first end cap 23 , and forms a small end on a side of the connecting portion 214 away from the first end cap 23 .
  • the first conical surface 2141 extends to the side of the connecting portion 214 away from the first end cap 23, and forms the small end of the first conical surface on the side of the connecting portion 214 away from the first end cap 23, that is, the small end is in contact with the first end cap 23.
  • a side of the connecting portion 214 facing away from the first end cap 23 is flush, that is, the entire hole wall of the second opening 213 is the first conical surface 2141 .
  • FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of the second end cap 24 provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • the entire outer peripheral side of the second cover body 241 of the second end cover 24 is the structure of the second conical surface 2411 .
  • the first conical surface 2141 By extending the first conical surface 2141 to the side of the connecting portion 214 away from the first end cap 23, and forming the small end of the first conical surface on the side of the connecting portion 214 away from the first end cap 23, so that the second The entire hole wall of the opening 213 is the structure of the first conical surface 2141, and on the one hand, the first conical surface 2141 can play a better guiding role for the second end cap 24, so that the second end cap 24 can be inserted into the second opening. 213 , on the other hand, it is beneficial to improve the structural stability of the second end cover 24 covering the second opening 213 .
  • this structure is beneficial to further reduce the laser welding when the second end cover 24 and the connecting portion 214 are welded.
  • the phenomenon that the gap between the second end cap 24 and the connecting portion 214 enters into the casing 21 reduces the risk of welding the electrode assembly 22 by the laser burn.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the housing 21 provided by some further embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 16 is a partial enlargement of the part D of the housing 21 shown in Fig. 15 picture.
  • the connecting portion 214 has a stepped surface 2142 , and at least part of the second end cover 24 abuts against the stepped surface 2142 to restrict the second end cover 24 from the housing 21 from the second opening 213 away from the first opening 212 .
  • the structure is simple, and it is beneficial Improve the ability to limit the second end cap 24 .
  • FIG. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view of the second end cap 24 provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • the second opening 213 includes a third hole segment 2133 and a fourth hole segment 2134 arranged in sequence along the predetermined direction X and communicating with each other.
  • the hole wall of the third hole segment 2133 and the hole wall of the fourth hole segment 2134 pass through the step surface 2142 Connected, the diameter of the third hole section 2133 is greater than the diameter of the fourth hole section 2134 , and the third hole section 2133 is closer to the first end cover 23 than the fourth hole section 2134 .
  • the second end cap 24 includes a third part 2414 and a fourth part 2415, at least part of the third part 2414 is accommodated in the third hole section 2133 and abuts against the stepped surface 2142, at least part of the fourth part 2415 is accommodated in the fourth Inside the hole section 2134.
  • the second cover body 241 of the second end cover 24 includes a third part 2414 and a fourth part 2415 connected in sequence, and in the preset direction X, the fourth part 2415 is connected to the third part 2414 away from the second insulator 243, the second insulator 243 is connected to the side of the third part 2414 away from the fourth part 2415, and the outer peripheral side of the third part 2414 protrudes from the outer peripheral side of the fourth part 2415, so that the third part 2414 can resist Lean on the stepped surface 2142 .
  • the third part 2414 and the fourth part 2415 are of an integral structure.
  • a stepped surface 2142 for the second end cover 24 to abut against is formed between the hole wall of the hole section 2133 and the hole wall of the fourth hole section 2134 .
  • the stepped surface 2142 is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the connecting portion 214 .
  • the welding laser will be blocked by the third part 2414 of the second end cover 24, so that it can effectively
  • the phenomenon that the welding laser enters into the housing 21 through the gap between the second end cover 24 and the connecting portion 214 is alleviated, thereby reducing the risk of the welding laser burning the electrode assembly 22 .
  • FIG. 18 is a partial enlarged view at E of the battery cell 20 shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the side of the second end cap 24 facing away from the first end cap 23 is flush with the side of the connecting portion 214 facing away from the first end cap 23 .
  • the side of the second end cap 24 away from the first end cap 23 is flush with the side of the connecting portion 214 away from the first end cap 23, that is, the second cover body 241 of the second end cap 24 is inserted into the second opening.
  • the end surface of the portion 213 is flush with the side of the connecting portion 214 facing away from the first end cover 23 in the preset direction X. As shown in FIG.
  • this structure facilitates the connection of the second end cap 24 to the connecting portion 214, it is beneficial to ensure the connection quality and structural stability between the second end cover 24 and the connecting portion 214, and is convenient for processing.
  • this structure is convenient for welding the second end cover 24 to the connecting portion 214, which is beneficial to lifting the second end cover 24.
  • the welding quality between the end cap 24 and the connecting portion 214 is beneficial to lifting the second end cover 24.
  • the size of the connecting portion 214 protruding from the inner peripheral surface of the side wall 215 is 2mm-5mm, and the size of the second opening 213
  • the radial direction is perpendicular to the preset direction X.
  • the size of the connecting portion 214 protruding from the inner peripheral surface of the side wall 215 is 2mm-5mm, that is, along the radial direction of the second opening 213, the connecting portion 214 protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the side wall 215 to the second opening 213
  • the center position is extended, and the extension length is 2mm-5mm.
  • this structure facilitates the welding of the second end cap 24 to the connecting portion 214 on the one hand, and on the other hand can effectively reduce the poor welding quality between the second end cap 24 and the connecting portion 214 caused by the too small size of the connecting portion 214. risks of.
  • the present application also provides a battery 100 , including a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 according to any of the above schemes.
  • the battery cells 20 are accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the present application also provides an electric device, including the battery 100 according to any of the above schemes, and the battery 100 is used to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • the electric device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using the battery 100 .
  • the present application provides a battery cell 20, including a casing 21, an electrode assembly 22, a first end cap 23 and a second end cap twenty four.
  • the housing 21 has an accommodating cavity 211 formed therein, and the accommodating cavity 211 is respectively formed with a first opening 212 and a second opening 213 at two ends of the housing 21 along a preset direction X, and the first opening 212 is larger than the second opening 213 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 is accommodated in the housing cavity 211 , and the two ends of the electrode assembly 22 in the predetermined direction X are respectively formed with a first tab 221 and a second tab 222 .
  • the first end cover 23 is used to cover the first opening 212 , and the first end cover 23 is electrically connected to the first tab 221 .
  • the second end cover 24 is used to cover the second opening 213, and the second end cover 24 is electrically connected to the second tab 222.
  • the second end cover 24 is configured to cover the second opening 212 after passing through the receiving cavity 211. Opening 213 .
  • the housing 21 includes a connecting portion 214 and a side wall 215.
  • the connecting portion 214 is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the housing 21.
  • the inner peripheral wall of the connecting portion 214 encloses a second opening 213.
  • the second opening 213 includes a The first hole segment 2131 and the second hole segment 2132 are arranged in sequence in the predetermined direction X and communicate with each other.
  • the hole wall of the first hole segment 2131 is connected to the hole wall of the second hole segment 2132.
  • the hole wall of the first hole segment 2131 A first conical surface 2141 is formed.
  • the first conical surface 2141 has a large end and a small end opposite to each other in a predetermined direction X, and the large end is closer to the first end cap 23 than the small end.
  • the second end cap 24 is inserted into the second opening 213, and the side of the second end cap 24 away from the first end cap 23 is flush with the side of the connecting portion 214 away from the first end cap 23, and the second end cap 24
  • a second conical surface 2411 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the second conical surface 2411 and the first conical surface 2141 cooperates and abuts against each other.
  • the side wall 215 surrounds the connecting portion 214 . Along the preset direction X, one end of the side wall 215 is connected to the connecting portion 214 , and the other end of the side wall 215 encloses the first opening 212 .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种电池单体、电池及用电装置，属于电池技术领域。其中，电池单体包括壳体、电极组件、第一端盖和第二端盖。壳体的内部形成有容纳腔，沿预设方向，容纳腔在壳体的两端分别形成有第一开口和第二开口。电极组件容纳于容纳腔内，电极组件在预设方向上的两端分别形成有第一极耳和第二极耳。第一端盖用于遮盖第一开口，且第一端盖电连接于第一极耳。第二端盖用于遮盖第二开口，且第二端盖电连接于第二极耳。第一开口大于第二开口，第二端盖被配置为从第一开口经过容纳腔后遮盖于第二开口。这种结构的电池单体能够实现第一端盖和第二端盖同时入壳，从而能够同时将第一端盖和第二端盖连接于壳体，以缩短装配时间，有利于提高装配效率。

Description

电池单体、电池及用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2022年1月28日提交的名称为“电池单体、电池及用电装置”的中国专利申请202220243014.6的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电池单体、电池及用电装置。
背景技术
二次电池具有能量密度高、环境污染小、功率密度大、使用寿命长、适应范围广、自放电系数小等突出的优点，是现今世界上应用最为广泛的电池之一，也是新能源发展的重要组成部分。二次电池的电池单体是由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜通过卷绕或者叠片等方式组装成电极组件，之后装入壳体、再盖上端盖，最后注入电解液得到的。其中，电池单体的壳体和端盖需要分别与电极组件的极耳进行焊接，以实现电池单体的电能的输出和输出，但是，在这种结构的电池单体中，壳体与极耳的焊接难度较高，导致电池单体的装配难度高，且装配时间较长，从而不利于提高电池单体的生产效率。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体、电池及用电装置，能够有效提高电池单体的生产效率。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，包括壳体、电极组件、第一端盖和第二端盖；所述壳体的内部形成有容纳腔，沿预设方向，所述容纳腔在所述壳体的两端分别形成有第一开口和第二开口；所述电极组件容纳于所述容纳腔内，所述电极组件在所述预设方向上的两端分别形成有第一极耳和第二极耳；所述第一端盖用于遮盖所述第一开口，且所述第一端盖电连接于所述第一极耳；所述第二端盖用于遮盖所述第二开口，且所述第二端盖电连接于所述第二极耳；其中，所述第一开口大于所述第二开口，所述第二端盖被配置为从所述第一开口经过所述容纳腔后遮盖于所述第二开口。
在上述技术方案中，壳体在预设方向上的两端分别开设有第一开口和第二开口，并将第一开口设置为大于第二开口，以使第二端盖能够从第一开口进入至容纳腔内后，从容纳腔的内部对第二开口进行遮盖，采用这种结构的电池单体在进行生产装配时能够先将第一端盖和第二端盖分别连接于电极组件的第一极耳和第二极耳上后，再将连接有第一端盖和第二端盖的电极组件从第一开口插入至容纳腔内，以使第二端盖能够遮盖第二开口，从而能够实现第一端盖和第二端盖同时入壳的功能，使得在生产装配时能够同时将第一端盖和第二端盖连接于壳体的两端，以完成电池单体的生产装配，进而能够有效降低电池单体的装配难度，且能够缩短装配时间，有利于提高电池单体的生产效率。此外，在这种结构的电池单体中，由于电极组件在装配入壳体的容纳腔内之前已经完成了第一极耳与第一端盖之间以及第二极耳与第二端盖之间的连接，从而无需将第一极耳或第二极耳延伸出壳体后再与第一端盖和第二端盖相连，有利于缩短电极组件的第一极耳和第二极耳的长度，进而能够有效降低电池单体的生产成本，且能够缓解第一极耳和第二极耳出现冗余的现象。
在一些实施例中，所述壳体包括连接部和侧壁；所述连接部为沿所述壳体的周向延伸的环形结构，所述连接部围合形成所述第二开口；所述侧壁围设在所述连接部的外周，沿所述预设方向，所述侧壁的一端与所述连接部相连，所述侧壁的另一端围成所述第一开口；其中，沿所述预设方向，所述连接部被配置为限制所述第二端盖从所述第二开口向背离所述第一端盖的方向脱离所述壳体。
在上述技术方案中，壳体设置有连接部和侧壁，侧壁围设在连接部为外周，以形成用于容纳电极组件的容纳腔。第二开口为连接部围合形成的结构，且连接部能够限制第二端盖脱离壳体，从而一方面能够对第二端盖起到一定的限位作用，有利于提升第二端盖与壳体之间的结构稳定性， 另一方面能够对第二端盖起到一定的定位和引导作用，从而便于将第二端盖从容纳腔内对第二开口进行遮盖，有利于对第二端盖进行装配。
在一些实施例中，所述第二端盖的至少部分插设于所述第二开口内，以遮盖所述第二开口；沿所述预设方向，所述第二开口在所述连接部的两侧分别形成有第一子开口和第二子开口，所述第一子开口相较于所述第二子开口更靠近于所述第一端盖，所述第一子开口的尺寸大于所述第二子开口的尺寸，以限制所述第二端盖从所述第二开口向背离所述第一端盖的方向脱离所述壳体。
在上述技术方案中，第二开口在连接部的两侧分别形成有第一子开口和第二子开口，通过将第一子开口的尺寸设置为大于第二子开口的尺寸，从而通过这种结构实现了对第二端盖的限制作用，以使端盖能够从第一子开口插入第二开口内，进而便于第二端盖从容纳腔内对第二开口进行遮盖。
在一些实施例中，所述连接部具有内周壁，所述内周壁围合形成所述第二开口；所述内周壁形成有第一圆锥面，所述第一圆锥面在所述预设方向上具有相对的大端和小端，所述大端相较于所述小端更靠近于所述第一端盖；所述第二端盖的外周侧形成有第二圆锥面，所述第二圆锥面与所述第一圆锥面相互配合且相互抵靠。
在上述技术方案中，通过在连接部的内周壁上形成有第一圆锥面，也就是说，第二开口的孔壁形成有第一圆锥面的结构，且第一圆锥面的大端相较于第一圆锥面的小端更靠近于所述第一端盖，以使第一端盖的外周侧形成的第二圆锥面能够抵靠于第一圆锥面上，从而通过这种结构实现了限制第二端盖脱离壳体的功能，结构简单，便于实现，且通过第一圆锥面和第二圆锥面相互配合的结构还能够对第二端盖起到一定的导向作用，以便于将第二端盖引导至第二开口内，从而有利于提高第二端盖与壳体之间的装配效率。
在一些实施例中，所述第二开口包括沿所述预设方向依次排布且相互连通的第一孔段和第二孔段，所述第一孔段的孔壁连接于所述第二孔段的孔壁，所述第一孔段的孔壁为所述第一圆锥面；所述第二端盖包括沿所述预设方向依次连接的第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分的外周侧形成有所述第二圆锥面，所述第二部分的至少部分容纳于所述第二孔段内。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第二开口设置为沿预设方向依次排布的第一孔段和第二孔段，且将第一孔段的孔壁设置成第一圆锥面的结构，从而在加工时只需对第一孔段进行倒角工艺即可形成第一圆锥面，进而有利于降低加工难度，以便于加工和制造。此外，通过将第二端盖的第一部分的外周侧形成与第一圆锥面相互配合的第二圆锥面，且将第二部分的至少部分容纳于第二孔段内，也就是说，第二端盖的一部分位于第一孔段内，另一部分位于第二孔段内，从而采用这种结构有利于提升第二端盖遮盖第二开口的效果，且有利于提升第二端盖与连接部之间的装配稳定性。
在一些实施例中，沿所述预设方向，所述第一圆锥面延伸至所述连接部背离所述第一端盖的一侧，并在所述连接部背离所述第一端盖的一侧形成所述小端。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第一圆锥面延伸至连接部背离第一端盖的一侧，并在连接部背离第一端盖的一侧上形成第一圆锥面的小端，也就是说，将第一圆锥面的小端设置为与连接部背离第一端盖的一侧平齐，从而使得第二开口的整个孔壁均为第一圆锥面的结构，进而一方面使得第一圆锥面能够对第二端盖起到较好的导向作用，便于第二端盖插设于第二开口内，另一方面有利于提高第二端盖遮盖于第二开口的结构稳定性。
在一些实施例中，所述连接部具有台阶面，所述第二端盖的至少部分抵靠于所述台阶面，以限制所述第二端盖从所述第二开口向背离所述第一开口的方向脱离所述壳体。
在上述技术方案中，通过在连接部设置台阶面，以使第二端盖的至少部分能够抵靠在台阶面上，从而实现限制第二端盖脱离壳体的功能，结构简单，且有利于提升对第二端盖的限位能力。
在一些实施例中，所述第二开口包括沿所述预设方向依次排布且相互连通的第三孔段和第四孔段，所述第三孔段的孔壁和所述第四孔段的孔壁通过所述台阶面相连，所述第三孔段的孔径大于所述第四孔段的孔径，且所述第三孔段相较于所述第四孔段更靠近于所述第一端盖；所述第二端盖包括第三部分和第四部分，所述第三部分的至少部分容纳于所述第三孔段内并抵靠于所述台阶 面，所述第四部分的至少部分容纳于所述第四孔段内。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第二开口设置为沿预设方向依次排布的第三孔段和第四孔段，且第三孔段的孔径大于第四孔段的孔径，从而在第三孔段的孔壁和第四孔段的孔壁之间形成用于供第二端盖抵靠的台阶面，且台阶面为沿连接部的周向延伸的环形结构，以实现对第二端盖的限位功能，并将第二端盖的第三部分和第四部分对应设置于第三孔段和第四孔段内，这种结构有利于提升第二端盖与连接部之间的装配稳定性。
在一些实施例中，沿所述预设方向，所述第二端盖背离所述第一端盖的一侧与所述连接部背离所述第一端盖的一侧平齐。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第二端盖背离第一端盖的一侧设置为与连接部背离第一端盖的一侧平齐，也就是说，第二端盖插设于第二开口的部分的端面与连接部在预设方向上背离第一端盖的一侧平齐，采用这种结构便于将第二端盖连接于连接部上，有利于保证第二端盖与连接部之间的连接质量和结构稳定性，且便于加工。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电池，包括箱体和上述的电池单体；所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供一种用电装置，包括上述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构爆炸图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的结构爆炸图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的壳体的结构示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件与绝缘膜的连接示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的剖面图；
图8为图7所示的电池单体的A处的局部放大图；
图9为本申请一些实施例提供的壳体的剖面图；
图10为图9所示的壳体的B处的局部放大图；
图11为本申请一些实施例提供的第二端盖的局部剖面图；
图12为本申请又一些实施例提供的壳体的剖面图；
图13为图12所示的壳体的C处的局部放大图；
图14为本申请又一些实施例提供的第二端盖的局部剖面图；
图15为本申请再一些实施例提供的壳体的结构示意图；
图16为图15所示的壳体的D处的局部放大图；
图17为本申请再一些实施例提供的第二端盖的局部剖面图；
图18为图7所示的电池单体的E处的局部放大图。
图标：1000-车辆；100-电池；10-箱体；11-第一箱本体；12-第二箱本体；20-电池单体；21-壳体；211-容纳腔；212-第一开口；213-第二开口；2131-第一孔段；2132-第二孔段；2133-第三孔段；2134-第四孔段；214-连接部；2141-第一圆锥面；2142-台阶面；215-侧壁；22-电极组件；221-第一极耳；222-第二极耳；23-第一端盖；231-第一盖体；2311-抵靠部；2312-插接部；232-第一电极端子；233-第一绝缘件；24-第二端盖；241-第二盖体；2411-第二圆锥面；2412-第一部分；2413-第二部分；2414-第三部分；2415-第四部分；242-第二电极端子；243-第二绝缘件；25-绝缘膜；200-控制器；300-马达；X-预设方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质 层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。
隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池具有能量密度高、环境污染小、功率密度大、使用寿命长、适应范围广、自放电系数小等突出的优点，是新能源发展的重要组成部分。随着电池技术的不断发展，当下对电池的需求量也越来越多，因此，电池的生产效率的提高显得极为重要。
发明人发现，提高电池的生产效率需要先提升电池单体的生产效率，而电池单体的电极组件在装入壳体内后，电池单体受限于电极组件的极耳与壳体之间的焊接难度较高，导致电池单体的装配时间较长，为了降低电池的电池单体的装配难度和装配时间，在现有技术中，通常将电池单体设置为壳体和两个端盖的结构，壳体的两端均开设有开口，两个端盖分别盖合于壳体的两端，以使电极组件一端的极耳能够与一个端盖进行焊接后，再将该端盖焊接于壳体的一端，之后将电极组件另一端的极耳伸出壳体后与另一个端盖的电极端子进行焊接，最后将该端盖焊接于壳体的另一端，从而有利于降低电极组件的极耳与壳体之间的焊接难度。但是，采用这种结构的电池单体的两个端盖与壳体的焊接具有先后顺序，需要先完成一个端盖于壳体的焊接后才能够将另一个端盖与壳体进行焊接，从而不利于提高电池单体的生产效率。此外，这种结构的电池单体需要将电极组件的极耳延伸出壳体后才能与端盖进行焊接，从而导致电极组件的极耳较长，进而不利于降低电池单体的生产成本，且极容易造成极耳出现冗余的现象。
基于以上考虑，为了解决电池单体的生产效率较低的问题，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种电池单体，电池单体设置有壳体、电极组件、第一端盖和第二端盖。壳体具有容纳腔，且容纳腔沿预设方向在壳体的两端分别形成有第一开口和第二开口。电极组件容纳于容纳腔内，且电极组件在预设方向上的两端分别具有第一极耳和第二极耳。第一端盖和第二端盖分别遮盖于第一开口和第二开口，且第一端盖和第二端盖分别电连接于电极组件的第一极耳和第二极耳。其中，第一开口大于第二开口，第二端盖被配置为从第一开口经过容纳腔后遮盖于第二开口。
在上述的电池单体中，壳体在预设方向上的两端分别开设有第一开口和第二开口，并将第一开口设置为大于第二开口，以使第二端盖能够从第一开口进入至容纳腔内后，从容纳腔的内部对第二开口进行遮盖，采用这种结构的电池单体在进行生产装配时能够先将第一端盖和第二端盖分别连接于电极组件的第一极耳和第二极耳上后，再将连接有第一端盖和第二端盖的电极组件从第一开口插入至容纳腔内，以使第二端盖能够遮盖第二开口，从而能够实现第一端盖和第二端盖同时入壳的功能，使得在生产装配时能够同时将第一端盖和第二端盖焊接于壳体的两端，以完成电池单体的生产装配，进而能够有效降低电池单体的装配难度，且能够缩短装配时间，有利于提高电池单体的生产效率。
此外，在这种结构的电池单体中，由于电极组件在装配入壳体的容纳腔内之前已经完成了第一极耳与第一端盖之间以及第二极耳与第二端盖之间的连接，从而无需将第一极耳或第二极耳延伸出壳体后再与第一端盖和第二端盖相连，有利于缩短电极组件的第一极耳和第二极耳的长度，进而能够有效降低电池单体的生产成本，且能够缓解第一极耳和第二极耳出现冗余的现象。
本申请实施例公开的电池单体可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池单体、电池等组成该用电装置的电源系统。这样，有利于降低电池单体的装配难度，以提升电池单体的生产效率。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2和图3，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的结构爆炸图，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的结构示意图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。其中，箱体10用于为电池单体20提供装配空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12，第一箱本体11与第二箱本体12相互盖合，第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的装配空间。第二箱本体12可以为一端开放的空心结构，第一箱本体11可以为板状结构，第一箱本体11盖合于第二箱本体12的开放侧，以使第一箱本体11与第二箱本体12共同限定出装配空间；第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12也可以是均为一侧开放的空心结构，第一箱本体11的开放侧盖合于第二箱本体12的开放侧。当然，第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以为一个，也可以为多个。当电池单体20为多个时，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
根据本申请的一些实施例中，参照图3，并请进一步参照图4和图5，图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的结构爆炸图，图5为本申请一些实施例提供的壳体21的结构示意图。本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体20，电池单体20包括壳体21、电极组件22、第一端盖23和第二端盖24。壳体21的内部形成有容纳腔211，沿预设方向X，容纳腔211在壳体21的两端分别形成有第一开口212和第二开口213。电极组件22容纳于容纳腔211内，电极组件22在预设方向X上的两端分别形成有第一极耳221和第二极耳222(正极极耳和负极极耳)。第一端盖23用于遮盖第一开口212，且第一端盖23电连接于第一极耳221。第二端盖24用于遮盖第二开口213，且第二端盖24电连接于第二极耳222。其中，第一开口212大于第二开口213，第二端盖24被配置为从第一开口212经过容纳腔211后遮盖于第二开口213。
其中，第二端盖24被配置为从第一开口212经过容纳腔211后遮盖于第二开口213，即第二端盖24的尺寸小于第一开口212和容纳腔211的内径，使得第二端盖24能够从第一开口212进入容纳腔211内后，在容纳腔211内对第二开口213进行遮盖。在对电池单体20进行装配时，先将第一端盖23和第二端盖24分别连接于电极组件22对应的第一极耳221和第二极耳222；再将连接有第一端盖23和第二端盖24的电极组件22从第一开口212插入至容纳腔211内，并使第二端盖24插设于第二开口213内，以遮盖第二开口213；之后将第一端盖23和第二端盖24分别连接于壳体21的两端，以完成电池单体20的装配。
可选地，第一端盖23和第二端盖24可以采用焊接、粘接或卡接等方式连接于壳体21。示例性的，第一端盖23和第二端盖24采用激光焊接的方式分别连接于壳体21的两端。
在一些实施例中，请参见图6，图6为本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件22与绝缘膜25的连接示意图。电池单体20还可以包括绝缘膜25，绝缘膜25沿电极组件22的周向包覆于电极组件22、第一端盖23和第二端盖24的外周侧。也就是说，当第一端盖23和第二端盖24分别连接 于电极组件22对应的第一极耳221和第二极耳222后，再将绝缘膜25包覆于连接有第一端盖23和第二端盖24的电极组件22的外周侧。采用这种结构一方面能够对电极组件22、第一端盖23和第二端盖24起到一定的固定作用，以使电极组件22、第一端盖23和第二端盖24形成一个整体，从而便于插入壳体21的容纳腔211内，另一方面还能够对电极组件22和壳体21之间起到一定的绝缘隔离作用。
示例性的，绝缘膜25的材质可以为聚酰亚胺、聚乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯或聚四氟乙烯等。
参见图4，在一些实施例中，第一端盖23可以包括第一盖体231、第一电极端子232和第一绝缘件233。第一盖体231遮盖于第一开口212。第一电极端子232绝缘安装于第一盖体231上，第一电极端子232用于与电极组件22的第一极耳221电连接，以实现电极组件22的正极或负极的输入和输出。第一绝缘件233设置于第一盖体231在预设方向X上面向第二开口213的一侧，第一绝缘件233用于绝缘隔离第一盖体231和第一极耳221。
其中，第一电极端子232绝缘安装于第一盖体231上，即第一电极端子232安装于第一盖体231上，但是第一电极端子232与第一盖体231未形成电流导通。
示例性的，第一电极端子232焊接于第一极耳221。其中，第一电极端子232可以为直接与第一极耳221进行焊接，也可以通过其他部件与第一极耳221进行电连接，比如，第一极耳221焊接于集流构件之后，集流构件再与第一电极端子232进行焊接或抵接，以实现第一极耳221与第一电极端子232之间的电连接。
可选地，参见图7和图8，图7为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的剖面图，图8为图7所示的电池单体20的A处的局部放大图。第一盖体231具有抵靠部2311和插接部2312，抵靠部2311抵靠并连接于壳体21在预设方向X上远离第二端盖24的一端，插接部2312连接于抵靠部2311在预设方向X上面向第二端盖24的一侧，插接部2312插设于第一开口212内。第一绝缘件233安装于插接部2312在预设方向X上面向第二端盖24的一侧。
示例性的，第一绝缘件233的材质可以包括塑胶、橡胶、塑料或硅胶等。
在图4中，第二端盖24可以包括第二盖体241、第二电极端子242和第二绝缘件243。第二盖体241遮盖于第二开口213，并连接于壳体21在预设方向X上远离第一开口212的一端。第二电极端子242绝缘安装于第二盖体241上，第二电极端子242用于与电极组件22的第二极耳222电连接，以实现电极组件22的正极或负极的输入和输出。第二绝缘件243设置于第二盖体241在预设方向X上面向第一开口212的一侧，第二绝缘件243用于绝缘隔离第二盖体241和第二极耳222。
其中，第二电极端子242绝缘安装于第二盖体241上，即第二电极端子242安装于第二盖体241上，但是第二电极端子242与第二盖体241未形成电流导通。
示例性的，第二电极端子242焊接于第二极耳222。其中，第二电极端子242可以为直接与第二极耳222进行焊接，也可以通过其他部件与第二极耳222进行电连接，比如，第二极耳222焊接于集流构件之后，集流构件再与第二电极端子242进行焊接或抵接，以实现第二极耳222与第二电极端子242之间的电连接。
示例性的，第二绝缘件243的材质可以包括塑胶、橡胶、塑料或硅胶等。
在一些实施例中，第一盖体231或第二盖体241上还可以设置有用于向壳体21内注入电解液的注液孔。
本实施例中，壳体21还可用于容纳电解质，例如电解液。壳体21可以是多种结构形式。壳体21的材质也可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
壳体21可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体21的形状可根据电极组件22的具体形状来确定。比如，若电极组件22为圆柱体结构，则可选用为圆柱体结构的壳体21；若电极组件22为长方体结构，则可选用长方体结构的壳体21。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，容纳于壳体21内的电极组件22可以是一个，也可以 是多个。示例性的，在图4中，电极组件22为两个，两个电极组件22层叠布置。
电极组件22是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件22可以包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜。电极组件22可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构，也可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过层叠布置形成的层叠式结构。
在一些实施例中，电池单体20还可以包括泄压机构，泄压机构用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到预定值时泄放电池单体20内部的压力。
其中，泄压机构可以安装于第一端盖23上，也可以安装于第二端盖24上。当然，电池单体20还可以包括两个泄压机构，第一端盖23和第二端盖24上均安装有泄压机构。
示例性的，泄压机构可以是诸如防爆阀、防爆片、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等部件。
壳体21在预设方向X上的两端分别开设有第一开口212和第二开口213，并将第一开口212设置为大于第二开口213，以使第二端盖24能够从第一开口212进入至容纳腔211内后，从容纳腔211的内部对第二开口213进行遮盖，采用这种结构的电池单体20在进行生产装配时能够先将第一端盖23和第二端盖24分别连接于电极组件22的第一极耳221和第二极耳222上后，再将连接有第一端盖23和第二端盖24的电极组件22从第一开口212插入至容纳腔211内，以使第二端盖24能够遮盖第二开口213，从而能够实现第一端盖23和第二端盖24同时入壳的功能，使得在生产装配时能够同时将第一端盖23和第二端盖24连接于壳体21的两端，以完成电池单体20的生产装配，进而能够有效降低电池单体20的装配难度，且能够缩短装配时间，有利于提高电池单体20的生产效率。此外，在这种结构的电池单体20中，由于电极组件22在装配入壳体21的容纳腔211内之前已经完成了第一极耳221与第一端盖23之间以及第二极耳222与第二端盖24之间的连接，从而无需将第一极耳221或第二极耳222延伸出壳体21后再与第一端盖23和第二端盖24相连，有利于缩短电极组件22的第一极耳221和第二极耳222的长度，进而能够有效降低电池单体20的生产成本，且能够缓解第一极耳221和第二极耳222出现冗余的现象。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图5，并请进一步参照图9和图10，图9为本申请一些实施例提供的壳体21的剖面图，图10为图9所示的壳体21的B处的局部放大图。壳体21包括连接部214和侧壁215。连接部214为沿壳体21的周向延伸的环形结构，连接部214围合形成第二开口213。侧壁215围设在连接部214的外周，沿预设方向X，侧壁215的一端与连接部214相连，侧壁215的另一端围成第一开口212。其中，沿预设方向X，连接部214被配置为限制第二端盖24从第二开口213向背离第一端盖23的方向脱离壳体21。
其中，侧壁215围设在连接部214的外周，即连接部214凸设于侧壁215的内周面上，也就是说，侧壁215沿连接部214的周向包覆于连接部214的外周，以形成用于容纳电极组件22的容纳腔211，并沿预设方向X在侧壁215远离连接部214的一端形成第一开口212。
可选地，侧壁215与连接部214可以是一体式结构，也可以是分体式结构。当侧壁215与连接部214为一体式结构时，连接部214上形成的第二开口213也可采用冲压或切割的工艺形成；当侧壁215与连接部214为分体式结构时，连接部214可以为沿壳体21的周向延伸的环形板状结构，且连接部214焊接于侧壁215的内周面上。
第二开口213为连接部214围合形成的结构，且连接部214能够限制第二端盖24脱离壳体21，从而一方面能够对第二端盖24起到一定的限位作用，有利于提升第二端盖24与壳体21之间的结构稳定性，另一方面能够对第二端盖24起到一定的定位和引导作用，从而便于将第二端盖24从容纳腔211内对第二开口213进行遮盖，有利于对第二端盖24进行装配。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图10所示，第二端盖24的至少部分插设于第二开口213内，以遮盖第二开口213。沿预设方向X，第二开口213在连接部214的两侧分别形成有第一子开口和第二子开口，第一子开口相较于第二子开口更靠近于第一端盖23，第一子开口的尺寸大于第二子开口的尺寸，以限制第二端盖24从第二开口213向背离第一端盖23的方向脱离壳体21。
其中，沿预设方向X，第二开口213在连接部214的两侧分别形成有第一子开口和第二子 开口，第一子开口相较于第二子开口更靠近于第一端盖23，第一子开口大于第二子开口，即第二开口213在预设方向X上的两端的孔径不同，靠近第一端盖23的一端的孔径大于另一端的孔径。
第二开口213在连接部214的两侧分别形成有第一子开口和第二子开口，通过将第一子开口的尺寸设置为大于第二子开口的尺寸，从而通过这种结构实现了对第二端盖24的限制作用，以使端盖能够从第一子开口插入第二开口213内，进而便于第二端盖24从容纳腔211内对第二开口213进行遮盖。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图10，并请进一步参照图11，图11为本申请一些实施例提供的第二端盖24的局部剖面图。连接部214具有内周壁，内周壁围合形成第二开口213。内周壁形成有第一圆锥面2141，第一圆锥面2141在预设方向X上具有相对的大端和小端，大端相较于小端更靠近于第一端盖23。第二端盖24的外周侧形成有第二圆锥面2411，第二圆锥面2411与第一圆锥面2141相互配合且相互抵靠。
其中，连接部214的内周壁上形成有第一圆锥面2141，第一圆锥面2141在预设方向X上具有相对的大端和小端，大端相较于小端更靠近于第一端盖23，即第二开口213的孔壁形成有第一圆锥面2141的结构，且第一圆锥面2141的大端相较于第一圆锥面2141的小端更靠近于第一端盖23，以使第二端盖24的外周侧形成的第二圆锥面2411能够抵靠于第一圆锥面2141上。
示例性的，第二圆锥面2411设置于第二端盖24的第二盖体241的外周侧上。
通过在连接部214的内周壁上形成有第一圆锥面2141，从而通过这种结构实现了限制第二端盖24脱离壳体21的功能，结构简单，便于实现，且通过第一圆锥面2141和第二圆锥面2411相互配合的结构还能够对第二端盖24起到一定的导向作用，以便于将第二端盖24引导至第二开口213内，从而有利于提高第二端盖24与壳体21之间的装配效率。
此外，在第二端盖24为采用激光焊接的方式连接于壳体21的连接部214上的实施例中，焊接的激光会受到第二端盖24的第二圆锥面2411的阻挡，从而能够有效缓解焊接的激光通过第二端盖24与连接部214之间的间隙进入至壳体21内的现象，进而有利于降低焊接的激光烧伤电极组件22的风险。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请继续参见图10和图11所示，第二开口213包括沿预设方向X依次排布且相互连通的第一孔段2131和第二孔段2132，第一孔段2131的孔壁连接于第二孔段2132的孔壁，第一孔段2131的孔壁为第一圆锥面2141。第二端盖24包括沿预设方向X依次连接的第一部分2412和第二部分2413，第一部分2412的外周侧形成有第二圆锥面2411，第二部分2413的至少部分容纳于第二孔段2132内。
其中，第二端盖24的第二盖体241包括依次连接的第一部分2412和第二部分2413，且在预设方向X上，第二部分2413连接于第一部分2412背离第二绝缘件243的一侧，第二绝缘件243连接于第一部分2412背离第二部分2413的一侧。
示例性的，第一部分2412和第二部分2413为一体式结构。
通过将第二开口213设置为沿预设方向X依次排布的第一孔段2131和第二孔段2132，且将第一孔段2131的孔壁设置成第一圆锥面2141的结构，从而在加工时只需对第一孔段2131进行倒角工艺即可形成第一圆锥面2141，进而有利于降低加工难度，以便于加工和制造。此外，通过将第二端盖24的第一部分2412的外周侧形成与第一圆锥面2141相互配合的第二圆锥面2411，且将第二部分2413的至少部分容纳于第二孔段2132内，也就是说，第二端盖24的一部分位于第一孔段2131内，另一部分位于第二孔段2132内，从而采用这种结构有利于提升第二端盖24遮盖第二开口213的效果，且有利于提升第二端盖24与连接部214之间的装配稳定性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图12和图13，图12为本申请又一些实施例提供的壳体21的剖面图，图13为图12所示的壳体21的C处的局部放大图。沿预设方向X，第一圆锥面2141延伸至连接部214背离第一端盖23的一侧，并在连接部214背离第一端盖23的一侧形成小端。
其中，第一圆锥面2141延伸至连接部214背离第一端盖23的一侧，并在连接部214背离第一端盖23的一侧上形成第一圆锥面的小端，即小端与连接部214背离第一端盖23的一侧平齐， 也就是说，第二开口213的整个孔壁均为第一圆锥面2141。
对应的，参见图14所示，图14为本申请又一些实施例提供的第二端盖24的局部剖面图。第二端盖24的第二盖体241的整个外周侧均为第二圆锥面2411的结构。
通过将第一圆锥面2141延伸至连接部214背离第一端盖23的一侧，并在连接部214背离第一端盖23的一侧上形成第一圆锥面的小端，从而使得第二开口213的整个孔壁均为第一圆锥面2141的结构，进而一方面使得第一圆锥面2141能够对第二端盖24起到较好的导向作用，便于第二端盖24插设于第二开口213内，另一方面有利于提高第二端盖24遮盖于第二开口213的结构稳定性。
此外，在第二端盖24为采用激光焊接的方式连接于壳体21的连接部214上的实施例中，这种结构有利于进一步减少第二端盖24与连接部214进行焊接时的激光通过第二端盖24与连接部214之间的间隙进入至壳体21内的现象，以降低焊接的激光烧伤电极组件22的风险。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图15和图16，图15为本申请再一些实施例提供的壳体21的结构示意图，图16为图15所示的壳体21的D处的局部放大图。连接部214具有台阶面2142，第二端盖24的至少部分抵靠于台阶面2142，以限制第二端盖24从第二开口213向背离第一开口212的方向脱离壳体21。
通过在连接部214设置台阶面2142，以使第二端盖24的至少部分能够抵靠在台阶面2142上，从而实现限制第二端盖24脱离壳体21的功能，结构简单，且有利于提升对第二端盖24的限位能力。
进一步地，参照图16，并请进一步参照图17，图17为本申请再一些实施例提供的第二端盖24的局部剖面图。第二开口213包括沿预设方向X依次排布且相互连通的第三孔段2133和第四孔段2134，第三孔段2133的孔壁和第四孔段2134的孔壁通过台阶面2142相连，第三孔段2133的孔径大于第四孔段2134的孔径，且第三孔段2133相较于第四孔段2134更靠近于第一端盖23。第二端盖24包括第三部分2414和第四部分2415，第三部分2414的至少部分容纳于第三孔段2133内并抵靠于台阶面2142，第四部分2415的至少部分容纳于第四孔段2134内。
其中，第二端盖24的第二盖体241包括依次连接的第三部分2414和第四部分2415，且在预设方向X上，第四部分2415连接于第三部分2414背离第二绝缘件243的一侧，第二绝缘件243连接于第三部分2414背离第四部分2415的一侧，第三部分2414的外周侧凸出于第四部分2415的外周侧，使得第三部分2414能够抵靠于台阶面2142上。
示例性的，第三部分2414和第四部分2415为一体式结构。
通过将第二开口213设置为沿预设方向X依次排布的第三孔段2133和第四孔段2134，且第三孔段2133的孔径大于第四孔段2134的孔径，从而在第三孔段2133的孔壁和第四孔段2134的孔壁之间形成用于供第二端盖24抵靠的台阶面2142，且台阶面2142为沿连接部214的周向延伸的环形结构，以实现对第二端盖24的限位功能，并将第二端盖24的第三部分2414和第四部分2415对应设置于第三孔段2133和第四孔段2134内，这种结构有利于提升第二端盖24与连接部214之间的装配稳定性。
此外，在第二端盖24为采用激光焊接的方式连接于壳体21的连接部214上的实施例中，焊接的激光会受到第二端盖24的第三部分2414的阻挡，从而能够有效缓解焊接的激光通过第二端盖24与连接部214之间的间隙进入至壳体21内的现象，进而有利于降低焊接的激光烧伤电极组件22的风险。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图18，图18为图7所示的电池单体20的E处的局部放大图。沿预设方向X，第二端盖24背离第一端盖23的一侧与连接部214背离第一端盖23的一侧平齐。
其中，第二端盖24背离第一端盖23的一侧与连接部214背离第一端盖23的一侧平齐，即第二端盖24的第二盖体241插设于第二开口213的部分的端面与连接部214在预设方向X上背离第一端盖23的一侧平齐。
通过将第二端盖24背离第一端盖23的一侧设置为与连接部214背离第一端盖23的一侧平齐，从而采用这种结构便于将第二端盖24连接于连接部214上，有利于保证第二端盖24与连接部214之间的连接质量和结构稳定性，且便于加工。
此外，在第二端盖24为采用焊接的方式连接于壳体21的连接部214上的实施例中，这种结构便于将第二端盖24焊接于连接部214上，有利于提升第二端盖24与连接部214之间的焊接质量。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请继续参见图18所示，沿第二开口213的径向，连接部214凸出于侧壁215的内周面的尺寸为2mm-5mm，第二开口213的径向垂直于预设方向X。
在上述描述中，连接部214凸出于侧壁215的内周面的尺寸为2mm-5mm，即沿第二开口213的径向，连接部214从侧壁215的内周面向第二开口213的中心位置延伸，且延伸长度为2mm-5mm。
在第二端盖24为采用焊接的方式连接于壳体21的连接部214上的实施例中，通过将连接部214的尺寸设置为凸出于侧壁215的内周面2mm到5mm，这种结构一方面便于将第二端盖24焊接于连接部214上，另一方面能够有效降低因连接部214的尺寸太小而导致第二端盖24与连接部214之间的焊接质量不佳的风险。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种电池100，包括箱体10和以上任一方案的电池单体20。电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，包括以上任一方案的电池100，并且电池100用于为用电装置提供电能。
用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池100的设备或系统。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参见图3-图11以及图18所示，本申请提供了一种电池单体20，包括壳体21、电极组件22、第一端盖23和第二端盖24。壳体21的内部形成有容纳腔211，且容纳腔211沿预设方向X在壳体21的两端分别形成有第一开口212和第二开口213，第一开口212大于第二开口213。电极组件22容纳于容纳腔211内，电极组件22在预设方向X上的两端分别形成有第一极耳221和第二极耳222。第一端盖23用于遮盖第一开口212，且第一端盖23电连接于第一极耳221。第二端盖24用于遮盖第二开口213，且第二端盖24电连接于第二极耳222，第二端盖24被配置为从第一开口212经过容纳腔211后遮盖于第二开口213。其中，壳体21包括连接部214和侧壁215，连接部214为沿壳体21的周向延伸的环形结构，连接部214的内周壁围合形成第二开口213，第二开口213包括沿预设方向X依次排布且相互连通的第一孔段2131和第二孔段2132，第一孔段2131的孔壁连接于第二孔段2132的孔壁，第一孔段2131的孔壁形成有第一圆锥面2141，第一圆锥面2141在预设方向X上具有相对的大端和小端，大端相较于小端更靠近于第一端盖23。第二端盖24插设于第二开口213内，且第二端盖24背离第一端盖23的一侧与连接部214背离第一端盖23的一侧平齐，第二端盖24的外周侧形成有第二圆锥面2411，第二圆锥面2411与第一圆锥面2141相互配合且相互抵靠。侧壁215围设在连接部214的外周，沿预设方向X，侧壁215的一端与连接部214相连，侧壁215的另一端围成第一开口212。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电池单体，包括：
    壳体，所述壳体的内部形成有容纳腔，沿预设方向，所述容纳腔在所述壳体的两端分别形成有第一开口和第二开口；
    电极组件，所述电极组件容纳于所述容纳腔内，所述电极组件在所述预设方向上的两端分别形成有第一极耳和第二极耳；
    第一端盖，所述第一端盖用于遮盖所述第一开口，且所述第一端盖电连接于所述第一极耳；以及
    第二端盖，所述第二端盖用于遮盖所述第二开口，且所述第二端盖电连接于所述第二极耳；
    其中，所述第一开口大于所述第二开口，所述第二端盖被配置为从所述第一开口经过所述容纳腔后遮盖于所述第二开口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述壳体包括：
    连接部，所述连接部为沿所述壳体的周向延伸的环形结构，所述连接部围合形成所述第二开口；
    侧壁，所述侧壁围设在所述连接部的外周，沿所述预设方向，所述侧壁的一端与所述连接部相连，所述侧壁的另一端围成所述第一开口；
    其中，沿所述预设方向，所述连接部被配置为限制所述第二端盖从所述第二开口向背离所述第一端盖的方向脱离所述壳体。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二端盖的至少部分插设于所述第二开口内，以遮盖所述第二开口；
    沿所述预设方向，所述第二开口在所述连接部的两侧分别形成有第一子开口和第二子开口，所述第一子开口相较于所述第二子开口更靠近于所述第一端盖，所述第一子开口的尺寸大于所述第二子开口的尺寸，以限制所述第二端盖从所述第二开口向背离所述第一端盖的方向脱离所述壳体。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接部具有内周壁，所述内周壁围合形成所述第二开口；
    所述内周壁形成有第一圆锥面，所述第一圆锥面在所述预设方向上具有相对的大端和小端，所述大端相较于所述小端更靠近于所述第一端盖；
    所述第二端盖的外周侧形成有第二圆锥面，所述第二圆锥面与所述第一圆锥面相互配合且相互抵靠。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二开口包括沿所述预设方向依次排布且相互连通的第一孔段和第二孔段，所述第一孔段的孔壁连接于所述第二孔段的孔壁，所述第一孔段的孔壁为所述第一圆锥面；
    所述第二端盖包括沿所述预设方向依次连接的第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分的外周侧形成有所述第二圆锥面，所述第二部分的至少部分容纳于所述第二孔段内。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述预设方向，所述第一圆锥面延伸至所述连接部背离所述第一端盖的一侧，并在所述连接部背离所述第一端盖的一侧形成所述小端。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接部具有台阶面，所述第二端盖的至少部分抵靠于所述台阶面，以限制所述第二端盖从所述第二开口向背离所述第一开口的方向脱离所述壳体。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二开口包括沿所述预设方向依次排布且相互连通的第三孔段和第四孔段，所述第三孔段的孔壁和所述第四孔段的孔壁通过所述台阶面相连，所述第三孔段的孔径大于所述第四孔段的孔径，且所述第三孔段相较于所述第四孔段更靠近于所述第一端盖；
    所述第二端盖包括第三部分和第四部分，所述第三部分的至少部分容纳于所述第三孔段内并抵靠于所述台阶面，所述第四部分的至少部分容纳于所述第四孔段内。
  9. 根据权利要求3-8任一项所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述预设方向，所述第二端盖背离所述第一端盖的一侧与所述连接部背离所述第一端盖的一侧平齐。
  10. 一种电池，包括：
    箱体；以及
    根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电池单体，所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
  11. 一种用电装置，包括根据权利要求10所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/144194 2022-01-28 2022-12-30 电池单体、电池及用电装置 WO2023142894A1 (zh)

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CN115832575A (zh) * 2022-09-28 2023-03-21 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 箱体、电池及用电装置

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