WO2023216829A1 - 电池单体、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023216829A1
WO2023216829A1 PCT/CN2023/089295 CN2023089295W WO2023216829A1 WO 2023216829 A1 WO2023216829 A1 WO 2023216829A1 CN 2023089295 W CN2023089295 W CN 2023089295W WO 2023216829 A1 WO2023216829 A1 WO 2023216829A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
current collecting
collecting member
welding
battery cell
area
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/089295
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程兴
伍永彬
史恺悦
吉元春
牛少军
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023216829A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023216829A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/528Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically, to a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a battery and a power device, which can effectively improve the performance and safety of the battery.
  • a battery cell including a case, an end cover, an electrode assembly, a first current collecting member and a second current collecting member;
  • the case has an opening; the end cover is closed in the opening; the electrode assembly is accommodated in the housing, and the electrode assembly has tabs; the first current collecting member and the second current collecting member are separately arranged, and the first current collecting member Connected to the tab, the second current collecting member is connected to the end cover; wherein, along the thickness direction of the end cover, the first current collecting member and the second current collecting member are stacked and Connected to each other, the second current collecting member is located on the side of the first current collecting member facing the end cover, and the projection of the second current collecting member is located within the outer edge of the first current collecting member.
  • the first current collecting member and the second current collecting member are overlapped and arranged between the electrode assembly and the end cover along the thickness direction of the end cover, and are connected to each other, so that between the first current collecting member and the electrode assembly The pole tabs are connected, and the electrical connection between the electrode assembly and the end cover can be achieved after the second current collecting member is connected to the end cover.
  • the projection of the second current collecting member in the thickness direction of the end cover is located within the outer edge of the first current collecting member.
  • the area of the first current collecting member is larger than the area of the second current collecting member, so that the battery cells
  • the second current collecting component and the end cover are required to be assembled and matched, so that the area size of the first current collecting component is not limited by the end cover, which is beneficial to reducing the distance between the first current collecting component and the end cover.
  • the connection difficulty between the pole lugs is difficult, and it is conducive to improving the connection area and connection stability between the first current collecting component and the pole lugs, which on the one hand can reduce the contact resistance between the first current collecting component and the pole lugs, and has It is conducive to reducing the charge and discharge rate of the battery cell to improve the performance of the battery cell.
  • it can reduce the phenomenon of local overcurrent between the first current collecting member and the tab, which is conducive to reducing the internal temperature of the battery cell. increase the risk to improve the safety of battery cells.
  • the area defined by the outer edge of the first current collecting member is S 1
  • the area defined by the outer edge of the second current collecting member is S 2 , satisfying, 0.6 ⁇ S 2 /S 1 ⁇ 0.9.
  • the first current collecting member and the second current collecting member are both circular; the outer diameter of the first current collecting member is D 1 , and the outer diameter of the second current collecting member is D 1 .
  • D 2 it satisfies that D 1 >D 2 .
  • the electrode assembly includes a main body, and the pole lug is protruding from an end of the main body facing the end cap, and the main body is a cylinder; wherein the outer diameter of the main body is For D 3 , it satisfies that, 0.1mm ⁇ D 3 -D 1 ⁇ 5mm, 5mm ⁇ D 3 -D 2 ⁇ 10mm.
  • the difference between the diameter of the main body of the electrode assembly and the diameter of the first current collecting member is 0.1 mm to 5 mm, on the one hand, it is possible to reduce the risk of the first current collecting member being too large due to the first current collecting member being too large.
  • the phenomenon of interference between the current collecting member and the housing can be alleviated.
  • the insufficient connection area between the first current collecting member and the pole caused by the first current collecting member being too small can be alleviated to ensure that the first current collecting member is connected to the pole.
  • the conductive area between the pole ears is 0.1 mm to 5 mm
  • the difference between the diameter of the first current collecting member and the diameter of the second current collecting member can be 5 mm to 10 mm, on the one hand, it can alleviate the second damage caused by the second current collecting member being too large during assembly.
  • the interference effect of the two current collecting members can reduce the phenomenon that the flow guide area between the second current collecting member and the first current collecting member is insufficient due to the second current collecting member being too small.
  • At least one first welding groove is provided on the surface of the first current collecting member facing the second current collecting member, and the first current collecting member is disposed A first welding area is formed at the position of the first welding groove, and the first welding area is welded to the tab.
  • a first welding groove is provided on the first current collecting member, and the position of the first welding groove forms a first welding zone for welding with the tab.
  • this structure is used to make the first welding zone
  • the groove can play a positioning role when the first current collecting member is welded to the tab, so as to facilitate welding and improve welding accuracy.
  • it is convenient to penetrate the first current collecting member during welding, which is beneficial to ensuring the welding quality.
  • the area defined by the outer edge of the first current collecting member is S 1
  • the total area of the first welding area of the first current collecting member is S 3 , satisfying, 0.05 ⁇ S 3 /S 1 ⁇ 0.3.
  • the ratio of the total area of the first welding area to the area of the first current collecting member at 0.05 to 0.3, on the one hand, the first welding area caused by the too small total area can be reduced.
  • the phenomenon that the welding area between the current collecting component and the pole lug is insufficient can alleviate the problem of the first current collecting component being connected to the second current collecting component caused by the first welding area occupying an excessively large area of the first current collecting component. Insufficient area.
  • the first welding groove extends in a radial direction of the first current collecting member.
  • the first welding groove can pass through the center position of the first current collecting member, that is to say, the first welding groove is The area can pass through the center of the first current collecting member, which is beneficial to increasing the welding area between the first current collecting member and the pole tab.
  • both ends of the first welding groove pass through the outer edge of the first current collecting member.
  • the first welding zone formed by the first welding groove can extend from the center position of the first current collecting member to the third
  • the outer edge of the current collecting component is thus conducive to ensuring the welding area and welding stability between the first current collecting component and the pole lug, thereby improving the flow guiding effect between the first current collecting component and the pole tab.
  • the first current collecting member is provided with a plurality of first welding grooves, the plurality of first welding grooves intersect at an intersection position, and the plurality of first welding grooves connect the first
  • the current collecting member is divided into a plurality of main body areas, the plurality of main body areas are spaced around the intersection position, and at least one of the main body areas is connected to the second current collecting member.
  • the first current collecting member of this structure can further The welding area between the first current collecting component and the pole tab is increased, and on the other hand, the main body area separated by the plurality of first welding grooves can be connected to the second current collecting component, which is beneficial to reducing the distance between the first current collecting component and the second current collecting component. Difficulty of connection between collecting components.
  • the intersection position is a center position of the first current collecting member.
  • the pole tabs can be connected to the first current collecting member at different positions in the radial direction of the first current collecting member.
  • the components are welded to increase the welding area and welding stability, which can effectively improve the flow conduction performance between the tab and the first current collecting component.
  • the intersection position is provided with a first central hole along the thickness of the end cap. Penetrating both sides of the first current collecting member, the diameter of the first central hole is equal to the groove width of the first welding groove.
  • a first center hole is opened at the intersection position where a plurality of first welding grooves intersect, and the diameter of the first center hole is the same as the width of the first welding groove, so that on the one hand, the electrolyte can be It has a certain guiding effect to improve the effect of the electrode assembly being wetted by the electrolyte. On the other hand, it is conducive to guiding and discharging the gas generated inside the battery cell or the smoke generated during welding through the first central hole and the first welding groove. To improve the performance of battery cells.
  • At least one of the main body regions is provided with a plurality of flow guide holes, and the flow guide holes penetrate both sides of the first current collecting member along the thickness direction of the end cover.
  • a flow guide hole is provided on the main body area of the first current collecting member, so that the flow guide hole can allow the electrolyte to enter into the tab along the axial direction of the electrode assembly, thereby facilitating the lifting of the electrolyte. Wetting effect on electrode components.
  • the area defined by the outer edge of the first current collecting member is S 1
  • the total area of the plurality of guide holes is S 4 , satisfying 0.2 ⁇ S 4 /S 1 ⁇ 0.5.
  • the ratio of the total area of the guide holes to the area of the first current collecting member at 0.2 to 0.5, on the one hand, it is possible to alleviate the damage to the electrolyte caused by the too small total area of the guide holes.
  • the phenomenon of poor flow diversion effect can reduce the risk of insufficient structural strength of the first current collecting member and insufficient welding area with the tab due to the diversion hole occupying too much area of the first current collecting member.
  • the diameter of the flow guide hole is D 4 , which satisfies 0.1mm ⁇ D 4 ⁇ 10mm.
  • the aperture of the guide hole between 0.1 mm and 10 mm, on the one hand, the risk of insufficient structural strength of the first current collecting member due to the excessive aperture of the guide hole can be reduced, and on the other hand, it can This reduces the difficulty in electrolyte passage due to too small aperture of the diversion hole.
  • first welding grooves there are two first welding grooves, and the two first welding grooves divide the first current collecting member into four main body areas, and the opposite ones of the four main body areas are Two of the main body areas are connected to the second current collecting member, and the other two opposite main body areas are provided with the flow guide holes.
  • two first welding grooves are provided on the first current collecting component, and the two welding grooves separate the first current collecting component into four main body areas, so that the two opposite main body areas are connected with the second
  • the current collecting components are connected, and the other two opposite main areas are provided with flow guide holes.
  • At least one second welding groove is provided on the surface of the second current collecting member facing the end cover.
  • a second welding zone is formed at the position of the two welding grooves, and the second welding zone is welded to the first current collecting member.
  • a second welding groove is provided on the second current collecting member, and the position of the second welding groove forms a second welding area that is welded to the first current collecting member.
  • the two welding grooves can play a positioning role when the second current collecting member and the first current collecting member are welded, so that the second current collecting member and the first current collecting member can be welded to each other, and on the other hand, it can penetrate the second current collecting member during welding.
  • the current collecting component is conducive to ensuring the welding quality between the second current collecting component and the first current collecting component.
  • a surface of the first current collecting member facing the second current collecting member is provided with a plurality of first welding grooves, and the plurality of first welding grooves intersect At the center of the first current collecting component, a plurality of first welding grooves divide the first current collecting component into a plurality of main body areas; wherein each of the second welding areas is welded to one of the The main body area, and the projection of each second welding groove in the thickness direction of the end cap is located in the corresponding main body area.
  • a plurality of first welding grooves are provided on the first current collecting member, and the plurality of welding grooves divide the first current collecting member into a plurality of main body areas, and the main body area can be connected with the second current collecting member.
  • the second welding area formed by the second welding groove is welded, so that the projection of the second welding groove in the thickness direction of the end cover is arranged in the corresponding main body area.
  • the area defined by the outer edge of the second current collecting member is S 2
  • the total area of the second welding area of the second current collecting member is S 5 , satisfying, 0.05 ⁇ S 5 /S 1 ⁇ 0.3.
  • the gap between the second current collecting member and the first current collecting member can be reduced.
  • it can alleviate the problem of insufficient connection area between the second current collecting component and the end cover caused by the excessively large area occupied by the second welding zone.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a battery, including a box and the above-mentioned battery cells; the battery cells are accommodated in the box.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide an electrical device, including the above-mentioned battery.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structure of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of the structure of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first current collecting component and the second current collecting component provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 6 is a top view of the first current collecting component provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a top view of the second current collecting component provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a top view of a second current collecting member connected to a first current collecting member according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icon 1000-vehicle; 100-battery; 10-box; 11-first box body; 12-second box body; 20-battery cell; 21-casing; 211-opening; 22-end cover; 221 -Insulation piece; 222-electrode terminal; 223-pressure relief mechanism; 23-electrode assembly; 231-pole lug; 232-main body; 2321-center channel; 24-first current collecting member; 241-first welding tank; 242-main body area; 243-first center hole; 244-diversion hole; 25-second current collecting member; 251-second center hole; 252-second welding groove; 200-controller; 300-motor; X - Thickness direction of end cap.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • “Plural” appearing in this application means two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium ion secondary batteries, lithium ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries or magnesium ion batteries, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells or multiple battery modules. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes a casing, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the casing is used to accommodate the electrode assembly and the electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode piece, a negative electrode piece and an isolation film. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the part of the positive electrode current collector that is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as a positive electrode tab to realize the operation through the positive electrode tab.
  • the electrical energy input or output of the positive pole piece is a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the part of the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as a negative electrode tab to realize the realization of the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon. In order to ensure that large currents can pass through without melting, the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly may have a rolled structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • Batteries have outstanding advantages such as high energy density, low environmental pollution, high power density, long service life, wide adaptability, and small self-discharge coefficient. They are an important part of the development of new energy today.
  • the battery cell is composed of a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a separator film which are assembled into an electrode assembly (bare cell) by winding or laminating, and then put into the case, then covered with an end cap, and finally injected with electrolyte. obtained later.
  • higher requirements have been put forward for battery performance and safety. Therefore, the performance and safety of the battery cells determine the performance and safety of the battery.
  • the tabs of the electrode assembly need to be connected to the end cap, so that the electrode assembly can be electrically connected to the end cap, so that the end cap can be used as the positive output pole or the negative output pole of the battery cell.
  • a current collecting plate is usually provided in the housing, and the current collecting pan is connected to the end cover and the tabs of the electrode assembly (the tabs are full tabs, and after being flattened Connected to the current collecting plate) to achieve electrical connection between the electrode assembly and the end cap.
  • the greater the feed amount for flattening the tab (that is, the larger the size of the tab being pressed down when flattened) will bring the benefit of a larger area of the tab.
  • the greater the feed amount for flattening will cause the tab to be flattened.
  • the welding with the current collecting plate becomes more difficult and will cause the welding stability between the tab and the current collecting plate.
  • a disk sleeve is set on the outer peripheral side of the current collecting plate. On the one hand, the current collecting plate is protected, and on the other hand, the current collecting plate can be increased. The diameter of the disk ensures that the outermost tab can be welded during welding.
  • the enlarged diameter can also push the welding area further toward the edge of the core, thereby reducing the internal resistance of the battery cell.
  • the current collecting plate with this structure will be affected by the interference of the end cover, resulting in a smaller area of the current collecting plate, making the welding between the current collecting plate and the tab still difficult, resulting in a problem between the current collecting plate and the electrode. It is very easy for the components to have false soldering between the tabs, which is not conducive to improving the connection stability between the current collecting plate and the tabs. On the one hand, it will still cause the contact resistance between the current collecting plate and the tabs of the electrode assembly.
  • the inventors designed a battery cell after in-depth research, including a casing, an end cap, an electrode assembly, and a first current collecting member. and a second collecting component.
  • the housing has an opening, and the end cover covers the opening.
  • the electrode assembly is accommodated in the housing and has tabs.
  • the first current collecting component and the second current collecting component are arranged separately.
  • the first current collecting component is connected to the tab, and the second current collecting component is connected to the end cover.
  • the first current collecting member and the second current collecting member are stacked and connected to each other.
  • the second current collecting member is located on the side of the first current collecting member facing the end cover, and the projection of the second current collecting member located within the outer edge of the first collecting member.
  • the first current collecting member and the second current collecting member are overlapped and arranged between the electrode assembly and the end cover along the thickness direction of the end cover and are connected to each other, so that between the first current collecting member and the end cover, The tabs of the electrode assembly are connected, and the second current collecting member is connected to the end cover to achieve electrical connection between the electrode assembly and the end cover.
  • the projection of the second current collecting member in the thickness direction of the end cover is located within the outer edge of the first current collecting member.
  • the area of the first current collecting member is larger than the area of the second current collecting member, so that the battery cells
  • the second current collecting component and the end cover are required to be assembled and matched, so that the area size of the first current collecting component is not limited by the end cover, which is beneficial to reducing the distance between the first current collecting component and the end cover.
  • the connection difficulty between the pole lugs is difficult, and it is conducive to improving the connection area and connection stability between the first current collecting component and the pole lugs, which on the one hand can reduce the contact resistance between the first current collecting component and the pole lugs, and has It is conducive to reducing the charge and discharge rate of the battery cell to improve the performance of the battery cell.
  • it can reduce the phenomenon of local overcurrent between the first current collecting member and the tab, which is conducive to reducing the internal temperature of the battery cell. increase the risk to improve the safety of battery cells.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in, but are not limited to, electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircrafts.
  • the power supply system of the electrical device can be composed of the battery cells and batteries disclosed in this application. In this way, the connection stability and reliability of the current collecting component and the electrode assembly can be effectively improved to improve the performance and performance of the battery cells. Use security.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source.
  • the electrical device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric vehicle, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys can include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • an electric device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application is used as an example.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 , and the battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300 .
  • the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to provide power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but also can be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the structure of the battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a case 10 and battery cells 20 , and the battery cells 20 are used to be accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the box 10 is used to provide an assembly space for the battery cells 20, and the box 10 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a first box body 11 and a second box body 12 .
  • the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 cover each other.
  • the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 share a common
  • An assembly space for accommodating the battery cells 20 is defined.
  • the second box body 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first box body 11 can be a plate-like structure.
  • the first box body 11 is covered with the open side of the second box body 12 so that the first box body 11 and the second box body 11 can be connected to each other.
  • the two box bodies 12 jointly define an assembly space; the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side cover of the first box body 11 is closed with the second box body 12 Open side.
  • the box 10 formed by the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • the battery 100 there may be a plurality of battery cells 20, and the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection.
  • Mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • Multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixedly connected in one Then, the whole composed of multiple battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box 10; of course, the battery 100 can also be in the form of a battery module in which multiple battery cells 20 are first connected in series or in parallel or mixed. Series, parallel or mixed connection forms a whole and is accommodated in the box 10 .
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures.
  • the battery 100 may further include a bus component for realizing electrical connections between multiple battery cells 20 .
  • Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes. For example, in FIG. 2 , the battery cell 20 is cylindrical.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of the structure of the battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 4 is a current collecting component provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • This application provides a battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a case 21, an end cover 22, an electrode assembly 23, a first current collecting member 24 and a second current collecting member 25.
  • the housing 21 has an opening 211 .
  • the end cap 22 covers the opening 211 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 is accommodated in the housing 21 , and has tabs 231 .
  • the first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 are provided separately.
  • the first current collecting member 24 is connected to the tab 231
  • the second current collecting member 25 is connected to the end cover 22 .
  • the projection of the second current collecting member 25 is located within the outer edge of the first current collecting member 24 .
  • the first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 are overlapped and arranged between the electrode assembly 23 and the end cover 22 along the thickness direction X of the end cover, and the first current collecting member 24 is smaller than the second current collecting member 24 .
  • the flow member 25 is further away from the end cap 22 .
  • the projection of the second current collecting member 25 is located within the outer edge of the first current collecting member 24, that is, along the thickness direction X of the end cover, the projection of the second current collecting member 25 falls within the outer edge of the first current collecting member 24. In other words, the area of the second current collecting member 25 is smaller than that of the first current collecting member 24 .
  • connection relationship between the first current collecting member 24 and the tab 231, between the first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25, and between the second current collecting member 25 and the end cover 22 may be Butt each other, or they can be welded to each other.
  • between the first current collecting member 24 and the tab 231 , between the first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 , and between the second current collecting member 25 and the end cover 22 They are all welded to each other.
  • the first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 may be made of multiple materials, such as copper, nickel or aluminum.
  • the thickness of the first current collecting member 24 and the thickness of the second current collecting member 25 are both between 0.1 mm and 5 mm.
  • the housing 21 may also be used to contain an electrolyte, such as an electrolytic solution.
  • the housing 21 can have various structural forms.
  • the housing 21 can also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • the electrode assembly 23 When assembling the battery cell 20, the electrode assembly 23 can be first placed into the case 21, and the electrolyte is filled into the case 21, and then the end cap 22 is closed with the opening 211 of the case 21 to form a sealed connection. A sealed space is formed for accommodating the electrode assembly 23 and the electrolyte.
  • the end cover 22 is welded to the housing 21 .
  • the end cover 22 is provided with an insulating member 221.
  • the insulating member 221 is located on the side of the end cover 22 facing the electrode assembly 23. During the assembly process of the battery cell 20, the insulating member 221 is used to cover the end cover 22 with the shell.
  • the opening 211 of the body 21 is covered on the outer peripheral side of the second current collecting member 25 to insulate, protect and install the second current collecting member 25 .
  • the material of the insulating member 221 may be rubber, plastic or silicone.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • the shape of the housing 21 can be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 23 . For example, if the electrode assembly 23 has a cylindrical structure, a cylindrical structure can be selected; if the electrode assembly 23 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a rectangular parallelepiped structure can be selected. For example, in FIG. 3 , the electrode assembly 23 has a cylindrical structure, and the housing 21 is a cylindrical housing 21 .
  • the housing 21 is a hollow structure with an opening 211 at one end.
  • the end cover 22 covers the opening 211 of the housing 21 and forms a sealing connection to form a seal for accommodating the electrode assembly 23 and the electrolyte. space.
  • the end cap 22 is provided with an electrode terminal 222, and the electrode terminal 222 is insulated from the end cap 22. That is, there is no current conduction between the electrode terminal 222 and the end cap 22.
  • the pole assembly 23 has pole tabs 231 at both ends in the thickness direction
  • One end of the battery cell 20 serves as the positive output electrode and the negative output electrode.
  • the tabs 231 and the electrode terminals 222 or the housing 21 can be directly connected, such as welding or abutting, or they can be connected through other components.
  • the tabs 231 are first welded or abutted with other components, and then connected to the electrode terminals 222 Or housing 21 for connection.
  • the second current collecting member 25 can be directly connected to the electrode terminal 222 of the end cover 22.
  • the second current collecting member 25 is directly welded or abutted with the electrode terminal 222 to achieve the connection between the second current collecting member 25 and the electrode terminal 222. Electrical connection between electrode terminals 222.
  • the second current collecting member 25 can also be indirectly connected to the electrode terminal 222 of the end cover 22. For example, after the second current collecting member 25 is welded or abutted with the adapter piece, the adapter piece is then welded or contacted with the electrode terminal 222. Abut.
  • the battery cell 20 is not limited to the above structure, and the battery cell 20 can also have other structures.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a shell 21 and two end caps 22.
  • the shell 21 is two opposite structures.
  • the end opening 211 has a hollow structure, and an end cover 22 is correspondingly covered with an opening 211 of the housing 21 and forms a sealed connection to form a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 23 and the electrolyte.
  • electrode terminals 222 are provided on both end caps 22 , and the two electrode terminals 222 are respectively used to connect with the two tabs 231 of the electrode assembly 23 , serving as the positive output electrode and the negative output electrode of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 may be provided only between one end cover 22 and the electrode assembly 23, or they may be provided between each end cover 22 and the electrode assembly 23.
  • the first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 are disposed between the electrode assemblies 23, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited here.
  • the electrode assembly 23 is a component that causes an electrochemical reaction in the battery cell 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 may include a positive electrode piece, a negative electrode piece, and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 23 may be a rolled structure formed by winding the positive electrode sheet, the isolation film and the negative electrode sheet, or may be a stacked structure formed by a stacked arrangement of the positive electrode sheet, the isolation film and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the electrode assembly 23 is a rolled structure formed by rolling a positive electrode piece, a separator film, and a negative electrode piece.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include a pressure relief mechanism 223 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 223 is installed on the end cover 22 or on the housing 21 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 223 is used to release the pressure inside the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a predetermined value.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 223 may be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, explosion-proof disk, air valve, pressure relief valve or safety valve.
  • the first current collecting member 24 and the electrode assembly By overlapping the first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 between the electrode assembly 23 and the end cover 22 along the thickness direction X of the end cover and connecting them to each other, the first current collecting member 24 and the electrode assembly
  • the tabs 231 of the electrode assembly 23 are connected, and the second current collecting member 25 is connected to the end cover 22 to achieve electrical connection between the electrode assembly 23 and the end cover 22 .
  • the projection of the second current collecting member 25 in the thickness direction area so that the battery cell 20 only needs to be assembled and matched with the second current collecting member 25 and the end cover 22 during the assembly process, so that the area size of the first current collecting member 24 is not limited by the end cover 22.
  • This is beneficial to reducing the difficulty of connection between the first current collecting member 24 and the tab 231, and is conducive to increasing the connection area and connection stability between the first current collecting member 24 and the tab 231, thereby reducing the
  • the contact resistance between the current collecting member 24 and the pole lug 231 is conducive to reducing the charge and discharge rate of the battery cell 20 to improve the performance of the battery cell 20.
  • it can reduce the contact resistance between the first current collecting member 24 and the pole.
  • the phenomenon of local overcurrent between the ears 231 is helpful to reduce the risk of internal temperature rise of the battery cell 20, thereby improving the safety of the battery cell 20.
  • the area defined by the outer edge of the first current collecting member 24 is S 1
  • the area defined by the outer edge of the second current collecting member 25 is S 2 , satisfying, 0.6 ⁇ S 2 /S 1 ⁇ 0.9.
  • the area ratio of the second current collecting member 25 to the first current collecting member 24 is 0.6 to 0.9, on the one hand, it is possible to reduce the damage to the end cover 22 caused by the excessive area of the second current collecting member 25 during assembly.
  • the interference effect of the second current collecting member 25 can be improved to improve the installation convenience between the end cover 22 and the second current collecting member 25.
  • it can alleviate the interference of the first collecting member due to the small area of the second current collecting member 25.
  • the flow guide area between the flow member 24 and the second flow collecting member 25 is too small.
  • both the first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 are circular, the outer diameter of the first current collecting member 24 is D 1 , and the second current collecting member 25 is circular.
  • the outer diameter of the member 25 is D 2 , which satisfies D 1 >D 2 .
  • first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 are both circular disc-shaped structures.
  • first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 can also have other structures. For example, oval, rectangle or triangle, etc.
  • both the first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 are arranged in a circular shape, manufacturing is facilitated and assembly difficulty is reduced.
  • the electrode assembly 23 includes a main body 232 .
  • the tabs 231 are protruding from an end of the main body 232 facing the end cover 22 .
  • the main body 232 is a cylinder.
  • the outer diameter of the main body 232 is D 3 , which satisfies 0.1mm ⁇ D 3 -D 1 ⁇ 5mm and 5mm ⁇ D 3 -D 2 ⁇ 10mm.
  • 0.1mm ⁇ D 3 -D 1 ⁇ 5mm that is, the diameter of the first current collecting member 24 is smaller than the diameter of the main body 232 by 0.1mm to 5mm, 5mm ⁇ D 3 -D 2 ⁇ 10mm, and the second current collecting member 25 The diameter is 5 mm to 10 mm smaller than the diameter of the first current collecting member 24 .
  • tabs 231 are protruding from both ends of the main body 232 .
  • the tabs 231 located at both ends of the main body 232 are respectively used to connect to the electrode terminals 222 on the end cover 22 and the case 21 to realize the battery cell.
  • the pole lug 231 is flattened with one end of the main body part 232 so that the pole lug 231 protrudes from one end of the main body part 232.
  • the flattened pole lug 231 has a cylindrical structure
  • the flattened rear pole lug 231 has a cylindrical structure.
  • the diameter of 231 is equal to the diameter of the main body portion 232 .
  • the difference between the diameter of the main body portion 232 of the electrode assembly 23 and the diameter of the first current collecting member 24 is set at 0.1 mm to 5 mm, on the one hand, it is possible to reduce the risk of the first current collecting member 24 being too large. 24 interferes with the housing 21. On the other hand, it can alleviate the situation that the connection area between the first current collecting member 24 and the tab 231 is insufficient due to the first current collecting member 24 being too small, so as to ensure that the first current collecting member 24 interferes with the housing 21.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of the first current collecting member 24 provided in some embodiments of the present application. Along the thickness direction The first welding area is welded to the tab 231 .
  • the first current collecting member 24 is formed with a first welding area at the position where the first welding groove 241 is provided, that is, the first current collecting member 24 is used for welding with the tab 231 at the position where the first welding groove 241 is located, that is to say, The bottom wall of the first welding groove 241 is welded to the tab 231, and the bottom wall of the first welding groove 241 is the first welding area.
  • the groove width of the first welding groove 241 is 2 mm to 10 mm, and the groove depth of the first welding groove 241 is 0.1 mm to 3 mm.
  • the first welding groove 241 is provided on the first current collecting member 24 , and the position of the first welding groove 241 forms a first welding area that is welded to the tab 231 .
  • this structure makes the first welding groove 241 It can play a positioning role when the first current collecting member 24 and the tab 231 are welded to facilitate welding and improve welding accuracy. On the other hand, it facilitates penetration of the first current collecting member 24 during welding, which is beneficial to ensuring welding quality.
  • the area defined by the outer edge of the first current collecting member 24 is S 1
  • the total area of the first welding area of the first current collecting member 24 is S 3 , which satisfies ,0.05 ⁇ S 3 /S 1 ⁇ 0.3.
  • 0.05 ⁇ S 3 /S 1 ⁇ 0.3 that is, the area occupied by the first welding groove 241 on the first current collecting member 24 is 5% to 30%.
  • the ratio of the total area of the first welding area to the area of the first current collecting member 24 is 0.05 to 0.3, on the one hand, it is possible to reduce the risk of the first welding area being too small, causing the first current collecting member 24 to be
  • the phenomenon that the welding area between the tabs 231 is insufficient can alleviate the problem of the first current collecting member 24 being connected to the second current collecting member 25 due to the first welding area occupying an excessively large area of the first current collecting member 24. Insufficient area.
  • the first welding groove 241 is along the radial direction of the first current collecting member 24 extend.
  • the radial direction of the first current collecting member 24 refers to the direction from the center position of the first current collecting member 24 to the edge of the first current collecting member 24 or from the edge of the first current collecting member 24 to the first current collecting member 24
  • the direction of the central position that is, the radial direction of the first current collecting member 24 runs through the central position of the first current collecting member 24 and is perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the end cover.
  • both ends of the first welding groove 241 extend through the outer edge of the first current collecting member 24 . That is to say, the first welding groove 241 extends from the center of the first current collecting member 24 to the first current collecting member 24 .
  • the outer edge of the flow member 24 By penetrating both ends of the first welding groove 241 through the outer edge of the first current collecting member 24 , the first welding area formed by the first welding groove 241 can extend from the center of the first current collecting member 24 to the first current collecting member 24 .
  • the outer edge of the current collecting member 24 is conducive to ensuring the welding area and welding stability between the first current collecting member 24 and the tab 231 to improve the flow guiding effect between the first current collecting member 24 and the tab 231 .
  • the first welding groove 241 By arranging the first welding groove 241 to extend along the radial direction of the first current collecting member 24, the first welding groove 241 can pass through the center position of the first current collecting member 24, that is to say, the first welding area can Passing through the center of the first current collecting member 24 is beneficial to increasing the welding area between the first current collecting member 24 and the tab 231 .
  • the first current collecting member 24 is provided with a plurality of first welding grooves 241 , and the plurality of first welding grooves 241 intersect at the intersection position.
  • 241 divides the first current collecting member 24 into a plurality of main body areas 242 , the plurality of main body areas 242 are spaced around the intersection positions, and at least one main body area 242 is connected to the second current collecting member 25 .
  • the plurality of first welding grooves 241 intersect at the intersection position. That is to say, the first current collecting member 24 has a plurality of first welding grooves on the side facing the second current collecting member 25 in the thickness direction X of the end cover. 241, and the plurality of welding grooves intersect at an intersection point, which is the intersection position, thereby dividing the side of the first current collecting member 24 facing the second current collecting member 25 in the thickness direction X of the end cover into multiple regions, That is, the main body area 242 , and the plurality of main body areas 242 are surrounding the intersection positions of the plurality of first welding grooves 241 .
  • first welding grooves 241 there are two first welding grooves 241, and the two welding grooves are perpendicular to each other.
  • the number of the first welding grooves 241 can also be three, four or five, and the angle between the multiple welding grooves can also be other angles, such as 60 degrees, 70 degrees or 80 degrees etc.
  • the first current collecting member 24 of this structure can further improve the performance of the first current collecting member 24.
  • the welding area between the current collecting member 24 and the tab 231, on the other hand, allows the main body area 242 separated by the plurality of first welding grooves 241 to be connected to the second current collecting member 25, which is conducive to reducing the size of the first current collecting member. 24 and the second current collecting member 25.
  • the intersection position is the center position of the first current collecting member 24 .
  • the intersection position is the center position of the first current collecting member 24 , that is, the plurality of first welding grooves 241 all extend along the radial direction of the first current collecting member 24 , so that the plurality of first welding grooves 241 intersect at the first current collecting member 24 .
  • the center position of the flow member 24 is the center position of the first current collecting member 24 , that is, the plurality of first welding grooves 241 all extend along the radial direction of the first current collecting member 24 , so that the plurality of first welding grooves 241 intersect at the first current collecting member 24 .
  • a first central hole 243 is provided at the intersection.
  • the first central hole 243 runs through both sides of the first current collecting member 24 along the thickness direction X of the end cover.
  • the diameter of the first central hole 243 is consistent with the first welding
  • the grooves 241 have equal groove widths.
  • a central channel 2321 is opened inside the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the central channel 2321 runs through both ends of the electrode assembly 23 along the thickness direction part 232 and penetrates through the tabs 231 located at both ends of the main body part 232.
  • a second central hole 251 is provided at the center of the second current collecting member 25.
  • the second central hole 251 penetrates both sides of the second current collecting member 25 along the thickness direction X of the end cover.
  • the central channel 2321, the first central hole 243 and The second central holes 251 are all connected to facilitate the entry of exhaust gas and electrolyte.
  • At least one main body area 242 is provided with a plurality of flow guide holes 244 , and the flow guide holes 244 penetrate both sides of the first current collection member 24 along the thickness direction X of the end cover. .
  • At least one main body area 242 is provided with a plurality of flow guide holes 244 , that is, at least one area of the first current collection member 24 separated by the first welding groove 241 is provided with a flow guide hole 244 .
  • the area defined by the outer edge of the first current collecting member 24 is S 1
  • the total area of the plurality of guide holes 244 is S 4 , satisfying 0.2 ⁇ S 4 /S 1 ⁇ 0.5. That is to say, the plurality of flow guide holes 244 occupy 20% to 50% of the area on the first current collecting member 24 .
  • the ratio of the total area of the guide holes 244 to the area of the first current collecting member 24 is set at 0.2 to 0.5, on the one hand, the diversion effect on the electrolyte caused by the too small total area of the guide holes 244 can be alleviated. On the other hand, it can reduce the risk of insufficient structural strength of the first current collecting member 24 and insufficient welding area with the tab 231 due to the guide hole 244 occupying too much area of the first current collecting member 24 .
  • the diameter of the guide hole 244 is D 4 , which satisfies 0.1mm ⁇ D 4 ⁇ 10mm.
  • first welding grooves 241 there are two first welding grooves 241 , and the two first welding grooves 241 divide the first current collecting member 24 into four main body areas 242 , and the four main body areas 242 are opposite to each other.
  • the two main body areas 242 are connected to the second current collecting member 25, and the other two opposite main body areas 242 are provided with flow guide holes 244.
  • Two first welding grooves 241 are provided on the first current collecting member 24, and the two welding grooves divide the first current collecting member 24 into four main body areas 242, so that the two opposite main body areas 242 are connected with the second collecting groove.
  • the current components 25 are connected, and the two opposite body areas 242 are provided with flow guide holes 244.
  • the two first welding grooves 241 are perpendicular to each other, and the two first welding grooves 241 both extend along the radial direction of the first current collecting member 24 .
  • the flow guide hole 244 can allow the electrolyte to enter into the tab 231 along the axial direction of the electrode assembly 23, thereby facilitating the lifting of the electrolyte. Wetting effect on the electrode assembly 23.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the second current collecting member 25 provided in some embodiments of the present application. Along the thickness direction area, the second welding area is welded to the first current collecting member 24.
  • the second current collecting member 25 is formed with a second welding zone at the position where the second welding groove 252 is provided, that is, the second current collecting member 25 is used for welding with the first current collecting member 24 at the position where the second welding groove 252 is located. That is to say, the bottom wall of the second welding groove 252 is welded to the first current collecting member 24, the bottom wall of the second welding groove 252 is the second welding area, and the bottom wall of the second welding groove 252 is used for welding to the first current collecting member 24.
  • the main body area 242 of the current collecting member 24 without the flow guide holes 244 is provided to realize the connection of the second current collecting member 25 to the first current collecting member 24 .
  • the second welding grooves 252 have an arc-shaped structure.
  • there are two second welding grooves 252 and the two second welding grooves 252 are along the center position (the second center) of the second current collecting member 25
  • the holes 251) are circumferentially spaced, and both ends of the second welding groove 252 extend to the outer edge of the second current collecting member 25.
  • the number of second welding grooves 252 provided on the second current collecting member 25 may also be three, four or five.
  • the length of the second welding groove 252 is 20 mm to 200 mm
  • the groove width of the second welding groove 252 is 3 mm to 10 mm
  • the groove depth of the second welding groove 252 is 0.1 mm to 3 mm.
  • the second welding groove 252 By providing the second welding groove 252 on the second current collecting member 25, and the position of the second welding groove 252 forms a second welding area welded to the first current collecting member 24, on the one hand, using this structure makes the second welding The groove 252 can play a positioning role when the second current collecting member 25 and the first current collecting member 24 are welded, so as to facilitate the welding of the second current collecting member 25 and the first current collecting member 24 to each other. On the other hand, it is convenient to pass through during welding. Through the second current collecting member 25, it is beneficial to ensure that the second current collecting member 25 and the first current collecting member 24 welding quality.
  • FIG. 8 is a top view of the second current collecting member 25 connected to the first current collecting member 24 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the plurality of first welding grooves 241 divide the first current collecting member 24 into a plurality of main body areas 242 .
  • Each second welding area is welded to a main body area 242 , and the projection of each second welding groove 252 in the thickness direction X of the end cap is located in the corresponding main body area 242 .
  • each second welding groove 252 in the thickness direction Correspondingly within a main body area 242.
  • the first current collecting member 24 is provided with two first welding grooves 241.
  • the two first welding grooves 241 divide the first current collecting member 24 into four main body areas 242.
  • the second current collecting member 242 is divided into four main body areas 242.
  • the member 25 is provided with two second welding grooves 252, and the two second welding grooves 252 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center position of the second current collecting member 25, so that the groove bottom walls (second welding grooves) of the two second welding grooves 252 area) can be welded to two opposite body areas 242 of the four body areas 242.
  • the area defined by the outer edge of the second current collecting member 25 is S 2
  • the total area of the second welding area of the second current collecting member 25 is S 5 , satisfying, 0.05 ⁇ S 5 /S 1 ⁇ 0.3. That is, the second welding groove 252 occupies 5% to 30% of the area of the second current collecting member 25 .
  • a plurality of first welding grooves 241 are provided on the first current collecting member 24, and the plurality of welding grooves divide the first current collecting member 24 into a plurality of main body areas 242.
  • the main body areas 242 can be connected with the second current collecting member 25.
  • the second welding area formed by the second welding groove 252 is welded, so that the projection of the second welding groove 252 in the thickness direction.
  • the welding difficulty between the current collecting member 25 and the first current collecting member 24 can be reduced, and the occurrence of the second current collecting member 25 and the first welding groove 241 of the first current collecting member 24 when welded to the first current collecting member 24 can be reduced. interference phenomenon.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a battery 100.
  • the battery 100 includes a case 10 and a battery cell 20 of any of the above solutions.
  • the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the case 10.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide an electrical device, including the battery 100 of any of the above solutions, and the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy for the electrical device.
  • the power-consuming device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using the battery 100 .
  • the present application provides a battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a case 21, an end cover 22, an electrode assembly 23, and a separately arranged third A current collecting member 24 and a second current collecting member 25 are provided.
  • the casing 21 has an opening 211, the end cap 22 covers the opening 211, and the electrode assembly 23 is accommodated in the casing 21.
  • the electrode assembly 23 has a tab 231 at one end in the thickness direction X of the end cap.
  • the first current collecting member 24 is connected to the tab 231, and the second current collecting member 25 is connected to the end cover 22.
  • the first current collecting member 24 and the second current collecting member 25 are stacked and connected to each other.
  • the electrode assembly 23 includes a main body 232.
  • the tab 231 is protruding from an end of the main body 232 facing the end cover 22.
  • the main body 232 is a cylinder.
  • the outer diameter of the portion 232 is D 3 , which satisfies 0.1mm ⁇ D 3 -D 1 ⁇ 5mm and 5mm ⁇ D 3 -D 2 ⁇ 10mm.
  • a first welding area is formed, and the first welding area is welded to the tab 231 .
  • the two first welding grooves 241 both extend along the radial direction of the first current collecting member 24 and penetrate the outer edge of the first current collecting member 24 .
  • the first welding grooves 241 are perpendicular to each other and intersect at the center of the first current collecting member 24 to divide the first current collecting member 24 into four main body areas 242, and two opposite main body areas 242 of the four main body areas 242 are connected.
  • the other two opposite body areas 242 are provided with flow guide holes 244.

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  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种电池单体、电池及用电装置,属于电池技术领域。其中,电池单体包括壳体、端盖、电极组件、分体设置的第一集流构件和第二集流构件。壳体具有开口。端盖盖合于开口。电极组件容纳于壳体内,电极组件具有极耳。第一集流构件连接于极耳,第二集流构件连接于端盖。沿端盖的厚度方向,第一集流构件与第二集流构件层叠设置且相互连接,第二集流构件位于第一集流构件面向端盖的一侧,且第二集流构件的投影位于第一集流构件的外边缘内。这种电池单体一方面能够降低第一集流构件与极耳的接触电阻,以降低电池单体的充放电倍率,另一方面能够减少第一集流构件与极耳之间出现局部过流的现象,以降低电池单体内部温升的风险。

Description

电池单体、电池及用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2022年5月13日提交的名称为“电池单体、电池及用电装置”的中国专利申请202210521640.1的优先权,该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种电池单体、电池及用电装置。
背景技术
近些年,新能源汽车有了飞跃式的发展,在电动汽车领域,动力电池作为电动汽车的动力源,起着不可替代的重要作用。随着新能源汽车的大力推广,对动力电池产品的需求也日益增长,其中,电池作为新能源汽车核心零部件不论在使用性能或使用安全等方面都有着较高的要求。电池的电池单体是由正极极片、负极极片和隔膜通过卷绕或者叠片等方式组装成电极组件(裸电芯),之后装入壳体,再盖上端盖,最后注入电解液后得到的。但是,现有技术中的电池在使用过程中存在使用性能较差且存在较大的安全隐患,从而不利于推广和使用。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体、电池及用电装置,能够有效提升电池的使用性能和使用安全性。
第一方面,本申请实施例提供一种电池单体,包括壳体、端盖、电极组件、第一集流构件和第二集流构件;所述壳体具有开口;所述端盖盖合于所述开口;所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内,所述电极组件具有极耳;所述第一集流构件和所述第二集流构件分体设置,所述第一集流构件连接于所述极耳,所述第二集流构件连接于所述端盖;其中,沿所述端盖的厚度方向,所述第一集流构件与所述第二集流构件层叠设置且相互连接,所述第二集流构件位于所述第一集流构件面向所述端盖的一侧,且所述第二集流构件的投影位于所述第一集流构件的外边缘内。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一集流构件和第二集流构件沿端盖的厚度方向重叠设置于电极组件和端盖之间,并相互连接,使得在第一集流构件与电极组件的极耳相连,且第二集流构件与端盖相连后能够实现电极组件与端盖之间的电连接。其中,第二集流构件在端盖的厚度方向上的投影位于第一集流构件的外边缘内,也就是说,第一集流构件的面积大于第二集流构件的面积,使得电池单体在装配的过程中只需第二集流构件与端盖进行组装配合即可,以使第一集流构件的面积大小不会受到端盖的局限,从而有利于降低第一集流构件与极耳之间的连接难度,且有利于提升第一集流构件与极耳之间的连接面积和连接稳定性,进而一方面能够降低第一集流构件与极耳之间的接触电阻,有利于降低电池单体的充放电倍率,以提升电池单体的使用性能,另一方面能够减少第一集流构件与极耳之间出现局部过流的现象,有利于降低电池单体存在内部温升的风险,以提升电池单体的使用安全性。
在一些实施例中,所述第一集流构件的外边缘限定的面积为S1,所述第二集流构件的外边缘限定的面积为S2,满足,0.6≤S2/S1≤0.9。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第二集流构件与第一集流构件的面积之比设置在0.6到0.9,从而一方面能够减少因第二集流构件的面积过大而导致端盖在装配时受到第二集流构件的干涉影响,以提升端盖与第二集流构件之间的安装便利性,另一方面能够缓解因第二集流构件的面积过小而造成第一集流构件与第二集流构件之间的导流面积过小的现象。
在一些实施例中,所述第一集流构件和所述第二集流构件均为圆形;所述第一集流构件的外径为D1,所述第二集流构件的外径为D2,满足,D1>D2
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一集流构件和第二集流构件均设置为圆形,从而便于制造,且有利于降低装配难度。
在一些实施例中,所述电极组件包括主体部,所述极耳凸设于所述主体部面向所述端盖的一端,所述主体部为圆柱体;其中,所述主体部的外径为D3,满足,0.1mm≤D3-D1≤5mm,5mm≤D3-D2≤10mm。
在上述技术方案中,通过将电极组件的主体部的直径与第一集流构件的直径的差值设置在0.1mm到5mm,一方面能够减少因第一集流构件过大而造成第一集流构件与壳体产生干涉的现象,另一方面能够缓解因第一集流构件过小而造成第一集流构件与极耳之间的连接面积不足的情况,以保证第一集流构件与极耳之间的导流面积。同样的,通过将第一集流构件的直径与第二集流构件的直径的差值设置在5mm到10mm,一方面能够缓解因第二集流构件过大而造成端盖在装配时受到第二集流构件的干涉影响,另一方面能够减少因第二集流构件过小而导致第二集流构件与第一集流构件之间的导流面积不足的现象。
在一些实施例中,沿所述端盖的厚度方向,所述第一集流构件面向所述第二集流构件的表面设置有至少一个第一焊接槽,所述第一集流构件在设置所述第一焊接槽的位置形成有第一焊接区,所述第一焊接区与所述极耳焊接。
在上述技术方案中,通过在第一集流构件上开设有第一焊接槽,且第一焊接槽所在的位置形成与极耳焊接的第一焊接区,采用这种结构一方面使得第一焊接槽在第一集流构件与极耳焊接时能够起到定位的作用,以便于焊接和提高焊接精度,另一方面便于在焊接时穿透第一集流构件,有利于保证焊接质量。
在一些实施例中,所述第一集流构件的外边缘限定的面积为S1,所述第一集流构件的所述第一焊接区的总面积为S3,满足,0.05≤S3/S1≤0.3。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一焊接区的总面积与第一集流构件的面积之比设置在0.05到0.3,从而一方面能够减少因第一焊接区的总面积过小而导致第一集流构件与极耳之间的焊接面积不足的现象,另一方面能够缓解因第一焊接区占用第一集流构件的面积过大而造成第一集流构件供第二集流构件连接的区域不足的情况。
在一些实施例中,所述第一焊接槽沿所述第一集流构件的径向延伸。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一焊接槽设置为沿第一集流构件的径向延伸,从而使得第一焊接槽能够穿过第一集流构件的中心位置,也就是说,第一焊接区能够穿过第一集流构件的中心位置,进而有利于增加第一集流构件与极耳之间的焊接面积。
在一些实施例中,所述第一焊接槽的两端均贯穿所述第一集流构件的外边缘。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一焊接槽的两端均贯穿第一集流构件的外边缘,使得第一焊接槽形成的第一焊接区能够从第一集流构件的中心位置延伸至第一集流构件的外边缘,从而有利于保证第一集流构件与极耳之间的焊接面积和焊接稳定性,以提升第一集流构件与极耳之间的导流效果。
在一些实施例中,所述第一集流构件设置有多个所述第一焊接槽,多个所述第一焊接槽相交于相交位置,多个所述第一焊接槽将所述第一集流构件分隔为多个主体区,多个所述主体区围绕所述相交位置间隔设置,至少一个所述主体区连接于所述第二集流构件。
在上述技术方案中,通过在第一集流构件上设置有多个第一焊接槽,且多个第一焊接槽相较于一个相交位置,这种结构的第一集流构件一方面能够进一步提升第一集流构件与极耳之间的焊接面积,另一方面使得多个第一焊接槽分隔出来的主体区能够与第二集流构件相连,有利于降低第一集流构件与第二集流构件之间的连接难度。
在一些实施例中,所述相交位置为所述第一集流构件的中心位置。
在上述技术方案中,通过将多个第一焊接槽相交于第一集流构件的中心位置,从而有利于保证极耳在第一集流构件的径向上的不同位置均能够与第一集流构件焊接,以提升焊接面积和焊接稳定性,进而能够有效提高极耳与第一集流构件之间的导流性能。
在一些实施例中,所述相交位置设置有第一中心孔,所述第一中心孔沿所述端盖的厚度方 向贯穿所述第一集流构件的两侧,所述第一中心孔的直径与所述第一焊接槽的槽宽相等。
在上述技术方案中,通过在多个第一焊接槽相交的相交位置开设有第一中心孔,且第一中心孔的直径与第一焊接槽的宽度相同,从而一方面能够对电解液起到一定的引导作用,以提升电极组件被电解液浸润的效果,另一方面有利于通过第一中心孔和第一焊接槽对电池单体内部产生的气体或焊接时产生的烟气进行引导排放,以提升电池单体的使用性能。
在一些实施例中,至少一个所述主体区设置有多个导流孔,所述导流孔沿所述端盖的厚度方向贯穿所述第一集流构件的两侧。
在上述技术方案中,通过在第一集流构件的主体区上设置有导流孔,以使导流孔能够允许电解液沿电极组件的轴向进入到极耳中,从而有利于提升电解液对电极组件的浸润效果。
在一些实施例中,所述第一集流构件的外边缘限定的面积为S1,多个所述导流孔的总面积为S4,满足,0.2≤S4/S1≤0.5。
在上述技术方案中,通过将导流孔的总面积与第一集流构件的面积的比值设置在0.2到0.5,从而一方面能够缓解因导流孔的总面积过小而造成对电解液的导流效果不好的现象,另一方面能够降低因导流孔占用第一集流构件过多的面积而导致第一集流构件的结构强度不足和与极耳焊接面积不足的风险。
在一些实施例中,所述导流孔的孔径为D4,满足,0.1mm≤D4≤10mm。
在上述技术方案中,通过将导流孔的孔径设置在0.1mm到10mm,一方面能够降低因导流孔的孔径过大而导致第一集流构件的结构强度不足的风险,另一方面能够减少因导流孔的孔径过小而造成电解液通过难度较大的现象。
在一些实施例中,所述第一焊接槽为两个,两个所述第一焊接槽将所述第一集流构件分隔为四个所述主体区,四个所述主体区中相对的两个所述主体区连接于所述第二集流构件,相对的另外两个所述主体区设置有所述导流孔。
在上述技术方案中,通过在第一集流构件上设置两个第一焊接槽,且两个焊接槽将第一集流构件分隔成四个主体区,使得相对的两个主体区与第二集流构件相连,另外相对的两个主体区设置导流孔,这种结构简单,便于实现,且有利于降低第一集流构件的加工难度和电池单体的装配难度。
在一些实施例中,沿所述端盖的厚度方向,所述第二集流构件面向所述端盖的表面设置有至少一个第二焊接槽,所述第二集流构件在设置所述第二焊接槽的位置形成有第二焊接区,所述第二焊接区与所述第一集流构件焊接。
在上述技术方案中,通过在第二集流构件上设置第二焊接槽,且第二焊接槽所在的位置形成与第一集流构件焊接的第二焊接区,采用这种结构一方面使得第二焊接槽在第二集流构件与第一集流构件焊接时能够起到定位的作用,以便于第二集流构件与第一集流构件相互焊接,另一方面便于焊接时穿透第二集流构件,有利于保证第二集流构件与第一集流构件之间的焊接质量。
在一些实施例中,沿所述端盖的厚度方向,所述第一集流构件面向所述第二集流构件的表面设置有多个第一焊接槽,多个所述第一焊接槽相交于所述第一集流构件的中心位置,多个所述第一焊接槽将所述第一集流构件分隔为多个主体区;其中,每个所述第二焊接区焊接于一个所述主体区,且每个所述第二焊接槽在所述端盖的厚度方向上的投影位于对应的所述主体区内。
在上述技术方案中,第一集流构件上设置有多个第一焊接槽,且多个焊接槽将第一集流构件分隔为多个主体区,主体区能够与第二集流构件上的第二焊接槽形成的第二焊接区进行焊接,从而通过将第二焊接槽在端盖的厚度方向上的投影设置于对应的主体区内,这种结构有利于降低第二集流构件与第一集流构件之间的焊接难度,且能够减少第二集流构件在焊接于第一集流构件上时与第一集流构件的第一焊接槽出现干涉的现象。
在一些实施例中,所述第二集流构件的外边缘限定的面积为S2,所述第二集流构件的所述第二焊接区的总面积为S5,满足,0.05≤S5/S1≤0.3。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第二焊接区的总面积与第二集流构件的面积的比值设置在0.05到0.3,一方面能够减少因第二集流构件与第一集流构件之间的连接面积过小而造成导流不足的现象,另一方面能够缓解因第二焊接区占用的面积过大而导致第二集流构件与端盖之间的连接面积不足的情况。
第二方面,本申请实施例还提供一种电池,包括箱体和上述的电池单体;电池单体容纳于箱体内。
第三方面,本申请实施例还提供一种用电装置,包括上述的电池。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图;
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构爆炸图;
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的结构爆炸图;
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的局部剖视图;
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的第一集流构件与第二集流构件的连接示意图;
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的第一集流构件的俯视图;
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的第二集流构件的俯视图;
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的第二集流构件连接于第一集流构件的俯视图。
图标:1000-车辆;100-电池;10-箱体;11-第一箱本体;12-第二箱本体;20-电池单体;21-壳体;211-开口;22-端盖;221-绝缘件;222-电极端子;223-泄压机构;23-电极组件;231-极耳;232-主体部;2321-中心通道;24-第一集流构件;241-第一焊接槽;242-主体区;243-第一中心孔;244-导流孔;25-第二集流构件;251-第二中心孔;252-第二焊接槽;200-控制器;300-马达;X-端盖的厚度方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义,本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同;本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本申请;本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象,而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着,结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例,也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领 域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”,仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况。另外,本申请中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中,相同的附图标记表示相同的部件,并且为了简洁,在不同实施例中,省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解,附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸,以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明,而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中,电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等,本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等,本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种:柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体,本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如,本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体或多个电池模块的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括壳体、电极组件和电解液,壳体用于容纳电极组件和电解液。电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层,正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面,未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体的部分作为正极极耳,以通过正极极耳实现正极极片的电能输入或输出。以锂离子电池为例,正极集流体的材料可以为铝,正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层,负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面,未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体的部分作为负极极耳,以通过负极极耳实现负极极片的电能输入或输出。负极集流体的材料可以为铜,负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断,正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起,负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。
隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene,聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene,聚乙烯)等。此外,电极组件可以是卷绕式结构,也可以是叠片式结构,本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池具有能量密度高、环境污染小、功率密度大、使用寿命长、适应范围广、自放电系数小等突出的优点,是现今新能源发展的重要组成部分。电池的电池单体是由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜通过卷绕或者叠片等方式组装成电极组件(裸电芯),之后装入壳体,再盖上端盖,最后注入电解液后得到的。但是,随着电池技术的不断发展,对电池的使用性能和使用安全性等也提出了更高的要求。因此,电池单体的使用性能和使用安全性决定了电池的性能和安全性。
发明人发现,对于一般的电池单体而言,电极组件的极耳需要与端盖相连,使得电极组件能够与端盖电连接,以将端盖作为电池单体的正输出极或负输出极,为了便于电极组件的极耳与端盖进行电连接,通常采用在壳体内设置集流盘,集流盘连接于端盖和电极组件的极耳(极耳为全极耳,在揉平后与集流盘相连),以实现电极组件与端盖之间的电连接。其中,极耳揉平的进给量越大(即极耳被揉平下压的尺寸越大)会带来极耳的面积越大的益处,但是,揉平进给量越大会导致极耳与集流盘之间的焊接难度加大,且会导致极耳与集流盘之间的焊接稳定性。在现有技术中,为了保证电极组件与端盖之间的电连接效果,通过在集流盘的外周侧套设盘套,一方面对集流盘进行保护,另一方面能够加大集流盘的直径,保证焊接的时候能够焊接到最外面的极耳,同时加大后的直径也能够将焊接区域往卷芯边缘进一步推进,从而能够降低电池单体的内阻。但是,这种结构的集流盘会受到端盖的干涉影响,以造成集流盘的面积较小,使得集流盘与极耳之间的焊接难度依旧较大,从而在集流盘与电极组件的极耳之间极容易出现虚焊的现象,不利于提升集流盘与极耳之间的连接稳定性,进而一方面依旧会导致集流盘与电极组件的极耳之间的接触电阻较大,以导致电池单体的充放电倍率较高,不利于提升电池单体的使用性能,另一方面在使用过程中集流盘与电极组 件的极耳之间容易出现局部过流的现象,以造成电池单体存在内部温升的风险,不利于提升电池单体的使用安全性。
基于上述考虑,为了解决电池单体存在使用性能和使用安全性较低的问题,发明人经过深入研究,设计了一种电池单体,包括壳体、端盖、电极组件、第一集流构件和第二集流构件。壳体具有开口,端盖盖合于开口。电极组件容纳于壳体内,电极组件具有极耳。第一集流构件和第二集流构件为分体设置,第一集流构件连接于极耳,第二集流构件连接于端盖。沿端盖的厚度方向,第一集流构件与第二集流构件层叠设置且相互连接,第二集流构件位于第一集流构件面向端盖的一侧,且第二集流构件的投影位于第一集流构件的外边缘内。
在上述的电池单体中,通过将第一集流构件和第二集流构件沿端盖的厚度方向重叠设置于电极组件和端盖之间,并相互连接,使得在第一集流构件与电极组件的极耳相连,且第二集流构件与端盖相连后能够实现电极组件与端盖之间的电连接。其中,第二集流构件在端盖的厚度方向上的投影位于第一集流构件的外边缘内,也就是说,第一集流构件的面积大于第二集流构件的面积,使得电池单体在装配的过程中只需第二集流构件与端盖进行组装配合即可,以使第一集流构件的面积大小不会受到端盖的局限,从而有利于降低第一集流构件与极耳之间的连接难度,且有利于提升第一集流构件与极耳之间的连接面积和连接稳定性,进而一方面能够降低第一集流构件与极耳之间的接触电阻,有利于降低电池单体的充放电倍率,以提升电池单体的使用性能,另一方面能够减少第一集流构件与极耳之间出现局部过流的现象,有利于降低电池单体存在内部温升的风险,以提升电池单体的使用安全性。
本申请实施例公开的电池单体可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池单体、电池等组成该用电装置的电源系统,这样,能够有效提升集流构件与电极组件的连接稳定性和可靠性,以提升电池单体的使用性能和使用安全性。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置,用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中,电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具,例如,游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等,航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明,以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1,图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车,新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100,电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电,例如,电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300,控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电,例如,用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中,电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源,还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源,代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2,图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的结构爆炸图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20,电池单体20用于容纳于箱体10内。其中,箱体10用于为电池单体20提供装配空间,箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中,箱体10可以包括第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12,第一箱本体11与第二箱本体12相互盖合,第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的装配空间。第二箱本体12可以为一端开放的空心结构,第一箱本体11可以为板状结构,第一箱本体11盖合于第二箱本体12的开放侧,以使第一箱本体11与第二箱本体12共同限定出装配空间;第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12也可以是均为一侧开放的空心结构,第一箱本体11的开放侧盖合于第二箱本体12的开放侧。当然,第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状,比如,圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池100中,电池单体20可以是多个,多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联,混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一 起,再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内;当然,电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式,多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体,并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构,例如,该电池100还可以包括汇流部件,用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中,每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池;还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池,但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。示例性的,在图2中,电池单体20为圆柱形。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参照图3、图4和图5,图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的结构爆炸图,图4为本申请一些实施例提供的集流构件的结构爆炸图,图5为本申请一些实施例提供的第一集流构件24与第二集流构件25的连接示意图。本申请提供了一种电池单体20,电池单体20包括壳体21、端盖22、电极组件23、第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25。壳体21具有开口211。端盖22盖合于开口211。电极组件23容纳于壳体21内,电极组件23具有极耳231。第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25分体设置,第一集流构件24连接于极耳231,第二集流构件25连接于端盖22。其中,沿端盖的厚度方向X,第一集流构件24与第二集流构件25层叠设置且相互连接,第二集流构件25位于第一集流构件24面向端盖22的一侧,且第二集流构件25的投影位于第一集流构件24的外边缘内。
其中,沿端盖的厚度方向X,第一集流构件24与第二集流构件25层叠设置且相互连接,第二集流构件25位于第一集流构件24面向端盖22的一侧,也就是说,第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25沿端盖的厚度方向X重叠布置于电极组件23与端盖22之间,且第一集流构件24相较于第二集流构件25更远离于端盖22。
第二集流构件25的投影位于第一集流构件24的外边缘内,即沿端盖的厚度方向X,第二集流构件25的投影落在第一集流构件24的外边缘限定的区域内,也就是说,第二集流构件25的面积小于第一集流构件24。
可选地,第一集流构件24与极耳231之间、第一集流构件24与第二集流构件25之间以及第二集流构件25与端盖22之间的连接关系可以是相互抵接,也可以是相互焊接。示例性的,在本实施例中,第一集流构件24与极耳231之间、第一集流构件24与第二集流构件25之间以及第二集流构件25与端盖22之间均为相互焊接。
示例性的,第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25的材质也可以为多种,比如,铜、镍或铝等。其中,第一集流构件24的厚度和第二集流构件25的厚度均在0.1mm到5mm。
可选地,壳体21还可以用于容纳电解质,例如电解液。壳体21可以是多种结构形式。壳体21的材质也可以是多种,比如,铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
在组装电池单体20时,可先将电极组件23放入壳体21内,并向壳体21内填充电解质,再将端盖22盖合于壳体21的开口211并形成密封连接,以形成用于容纳电极组件23和电解质的密封空间。示例性的,端盖22焊接于壳体21。
其中,端盖22上设置有绝缘件221,绝缘件221位于端盖22面向电极组件23的一侧,在电池单体20的装配过程中,绝缘件221用于在端盖22盖合于壳体21的开口211时包覆于第二集流构件25的外周侧,以对第二集流构件25起到绝缘保护和安装定位的作用。示例性的,绝缘件221的材质可以为橡胶、塑胶或硅胶等。
壳体21可以是多种形状,比如,圆柱体、长方体等。壳体21的形状可根据电极组件23的具体形状来确定。比如,若电极组件23为圆柱体结构,则可选用为圆柱体结构;若电极组件23为长方体结构,则可选用长方体结构。示例性的,在图3中,电极组件23为圆柱形结构,则壳体21为圆柱形壳体21。
示例性的,在图3中,壳体21为一端开口211的空心结构,端盖22盖合于壳体21的开口211并形成密封连接,以形成用于容纳电极组件23和电解液的密封空间。端盖22上设置有电极端子222,电极端子222与端盖22绝缘连接,即电极端子222与端盖22之间未形成电流导通,电 极组件23在端盖的厚度方向X上的两端均具有极耳231(分别为正极极耳和负极极耳),两个极耳231分别连接于电极端子222和壳体21远离端盖22的一端,以作为电池单体20的正输出极和负输出极。当然,极耳231与电极端子222或壳体21可以直接连接,比如焊接或抵接,也可以通过其他部件连接,比如,极耳231先与其他部件焊接或抵接后,再与电极端子222或壳体21进行连接。
其中,沿端盖的厚度方向X,电极组件23面向端盖22的一端的极耳231连接于第一集流构件24,第二集流构件25连接于端盖22的电极端子222。需要说明的是,第二集流构件25可以与端盖22的电极端子222直接相连,比如,第二集流构件25直接与电极端子222焊接或抵接,以实现第二集流构件25与电极端子222之间的电连接。当然,第二集流构件25也可以与端盖22的电极端子222间接相连,比如,第二集流构件25与转接片焊接或抵接后,转接片再与电极端子222相互焊接或抵接。
可理解的,电池单体20并不仅仅局限于上述结构,电池单体20也可以是其他结构,比如,电池单体20包括壳体21和两个端盖22,壳体21为相对的两端开口211的空心结构,一个端盖22对应盖合于壳体21的一个开口211处并形成密封连接,以形成用于容纳电极组件23和电解质的密封空间。在壳体21为两端开口211的空心结构的实施例中,两个端盖22上均设置有电极端子222,两个电极端子222分别用于与电极组件23的两个极耳231相连接,以作为电池单体20的正输出极和负输出极。此外,在这种结构的电池单体20中,可以只在一个端盖22与电极组件23之间设置第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25,也可以在每个端盖22与电极组件23之间均设置第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25,本申请实施例在此不做限定。
需要说明的是,电极组件23是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件23可以包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜。电极组件23可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构,也可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过层叠布置形成的层叠式结构。示例性的,在图3中,电极组件23为由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构。
在一些实施例中,在图3中,电池单体20还可以包括泄压机构223,泄压机构223安装于端盖22上,也可以安装于壳体21上。泄压机构223用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到预定值时泄放电池单体20内部的压力。
示例性的,泄压机构223可以是诸如防爆阀、防爆片、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等部件。
通过将第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25沿端盖的厚度方向X重叠设置于电极组件23和端盖22之间,并相互连接,使得在第一集流构件24与电极组件23的极耳231相连,且第二集流构件25与端盖22相连后能够实现电极组件23与端盖22之间的电连接。其中,第二集流构件25在端盖的厚度方向X上的投影位于第一集流构件24的外边缘内,也就是说,第一集流构件24的面积大于第二集流构件25的面积,使得电池单体20在装配的过程中只需第二集流构件25与端盖22进行组装配合即可,以使第一集流构件24的面积大小不会受到端盖22的局限,从而有利于降低第一集流构件24与极耳231之间的连接难度,且有利于提升第一集流构件24与极耳231之间的连接面积和连接稳定性,进而一方面能够降低第一集流构件24与极耳231之间的接触电阻,有利于降低电池单体20的充放电倍率,以提升电池单体20的使用性能,另一方面能够减少第一集流构件24与极耳231之间出现局部过流的现象,有利于降低电池单体20存在内部温升的风险,以提升电池单体20的使用安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第一集流构件24的外边缘限定的面积为S1,第二集流构件25的外边缘限定的面积为S2,满足,0.6≤S2/S1≤0.9。
其中,0.6≤S2/S1≤0.9,即在端盖的厚度方向X,第二集流构件25的投影限定的区域的面积与第一集流构件24的投影限定的区域的面积之比在60%到90%。
通过将第二集流构件25与第一集流构件24的面积之比设置在0.6到0.9,从而一方面能够减少因第二集流构件25的面积过大而导致端盖22在装配时受到第二集流构件25的干涉影响,以提升端盖22与第二集流构件25之间的安装便利性,另一方面能够缓解因第二集流构件25的面积过小而造成第一集流构件24与第二集流构件25之间的导流面积过小的现象。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参照图4和图5,第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25均为圆形,第一集流构件24的外径为D1,第二集流构件25的外径为D2,满足,D1>D2
其中,第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25均为圆形盘状结构,当然,在其他实施例中,第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25还可以为其他结构,比如,椭圆形、矩形或三角形等。
通过将第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25均设置为圆形,从而便于制造,且有利于降低装配难度。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请参见图3和图4,电极组件23包括主体部232,极耳231凸设于主体部232面向端盖22的一端,主体部232为圆柱体。其中,主体部232的外径为D3,满足,0.1mm≤D3-D1≤5mm,5mm≤D3-D2≤10mm。
其中,0.1mm≤D3-D1≤5mm,即第一集流构件24的直径比主体部232的直径小0.1mm到5mm,5mm≤D3-D2≤10mm,第二集流构件25的直径比第一集流构件24的直径小5mm到10mm。
可选地,主体部232的两端均凸设有极耳231,位于主体部232的两端的极耳231分别用于与端盖22上的电极端子222和壳体21相连,以实现电池单体20的电能的输入或输出。
需要说明的是,极耳231揉平与主体部232的一端,以实现极耳231凸出于主体部232的一端,揉平后的极耳231呈圆柱状结构,且揉平的后极耳231的直径与主体部232的直径相等。
通过将电极组件23的主体部232的直径与第一集流构件24的直径的差值设置在0.1mm到5mm,一方面能够减少因第一集流构件24过大而造成第一集流构件24与壳体21产生干涉的现象,另一方面能够缓解因第一集流构件24过小而造成第一集流构件24与极耳231之间的连接面积不足的情况,以保证第一集流构件24与极耳231之间的导流面积。同样的,通过将第一集流构件24的直径与第二集流构件25的直径的差值设置在5mm到10mm,一方面能够缓解因第二集流构件25过大而造成端盖22在装配时受到第二集流构件25的干涉影响,另一方面能够减少因第二集流构件25过小而导致第二集流构件25与第一集流构件24之间的导流面积不足的现象。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请参照图4和图5,并请进一步参照图6,图6为本申请一些实施例提供的第一集流构件24的俯视图。沿端盖的厚度方向X,第一集流构件24面向第二集流构件25的表面设置有至少一个第一焊接槽241,第一集流构件24在设置第一焊接槽241的位置形成有第一焊接区,第一焊接区与极耳231焊接。
第一集流构件24在设置第一焊接槽241的位置形成有第一焊接区,即第一集流构件24在第一焊接槽241所在的位置用于与极耳231焊接,也就是说,第一焊接槽241的槽底壁焊接于极耳231,第一焊接槽241的槽底壁为第一焊接区。
其中,第一焊接槽241的槽宽为2mm到10mm,第一焊接槽241的槽深为0.1mm到3mm。
通过在第一集流构件24上开设有第一焊接槽241,且第一焊接槽241所在的位置形成与极耳231焊接的第一焊接区,采用这种结构一方面使得第一焊接槽241在第一集流构件24与极耳231焊接时能够起到定位的作用,以便于焊接和提高焊接精度,另一方面便于在焊接时穿透第一集流构件24,有利于保证焊接质量。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请参见图6所示,第一集流构件24的外边缘限定的面积为S1,第一集流构件24的第一焊接区的总面积为S3,满足,0.05≤S3/S1≤0.3。
其中,0.05≤S3/S1≤0.3,即第一焊接槽241在第一集流构件24上占用的面积为5%到30%。
通过将第一焊接区的总面积与第一集流构件24的面积之比设置在0.05到0.3,从而一方面能够减少因第一焊接区的总面积过小而导致第一集流构件24与极耳231之间的焊接面积不足的现象,另一方面能够缓解因第一焊接区占用第一集流构件24的面积过大而造成第一集流构件24供第二集流构件25连接的区域不足的情况。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请参见图6所示,第一焊接槽241沿第一集流构件24的径向 延伸。
其中,第一集流构件24的径向是指从第一集流构件24的中心位置指向第一集流构件24的边缘或从第一集流构件24的边缘指向第一集流构件24的中心位置的方向,也就是说,第一集流构件24的径向贯穿第一集流构件24的中心位置,且垂直于端盖的厚度方向X。
在一些实施例中,第一焊接槽241的两端均贯穿第一集流构件24的外边缘,也就是说,第一焊接槽241从第一集流构件24的中心位置延伸至第一集流构件24的外边缘。通过将第一焊接槽241的两端均贯穿第一集流构件24的外边缘,使得第一焊接槽241形成的第一焊接区能够从第一集流构件24的中心位置延伸至第一集流构件24的外边缘,从而有利于保证第一集流构件24与极耳231之间的焊接面积和焊接稳定性,以提升第一集流构件24与极耳231之间的导流效果。
通过将第一焊接槽241设置为沿第一集流构件24的径向延伸,从而使得第一焊接槽241能够穿过第一集流构件24的中心位置,也就是说,第一焊接区能够穿过第一集流构件24的中心位置,进而有利于增加第一集流构件24与极耳231之间的焊接面积。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请继续参见图6所示,第一集流构件24设置有多个第一焊接槽241,多个第一焊接槽241相交于相交位置,多个第一焊接槽241将第一集流构件24分隔为多个主体区242,多个主体区242围绕相交位置间隔设置,至少一个主体区242连接于第二集流构件25。
其中,多个第一焊接槽241相交于相交位置,也就是说,第一集流构件24在端盖的厚度方向X上面向第二集流构件25的一侧开设有多个第一焊接槽241,且多个焊接槽相交于一个交点,该交点为相交位置,从而将第一集流构件24在端盖的厚度方向X上面向第二集流构件25的一侧分隔为多个区域,即主体区242,且多个主体区242围设于多个第一焊接槽241的相交位置的周围。
示例性的,在图6中,第一焊接槽241为两个,且两个焊接槽相互垂直。当然,在其他实施例中,第一焊接槽241也可以为三个、四个或五个等,且多个焊接槽之间的夹角也可以为其他角度,比如,60度、70度或80度等。
通过在第一集流构件24上设置有多个第一焊接槽241,且多个第一焊接槽241相较于一个相交位置,这种结构的第一集流构件24一方面能够进一步提升第一集流构件24与极耳231之间的焊接面积,另一方面使得多个第一焊接槽241分隔出来的主体区242能够与第二集流构件25相连,有利于降低第一集流构件24与第二集流构件25之间的连接难度。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请继续参见图6所示,相交位置为第一集流构件24的中心位置。
其中,相交位置为第一集流构件24的中心位置,即多个第一焊接槽241均沿第一集流构件24的径向延伸,从而使得多个第一焊接槽241相交于第一集流构件24的中心位置。
在一些实施例中,相交位置设置有第一中心孔243,第一中心孔243沿端盖的厚度方向X贯穿第一集流构件24的两侧,第一中心孔243的直径与第一焊接槽241的槽宽相等。通过在多个第一焊接槽241相交的相交位置开设有第一中心孔243,且第一中心孔243的直径与第一焊接槽241的宽度相同,从而一方面能够对电解液起到一定的引导作用,以提升电极组件23被电解液浸润的效果,另一方面有利于通过第一中心孔243和第一焊接槽241对电池单体20内部产生的气体或焊接时产生的烟气进行引导排放,以提升电池单体20的使用性能。
可选地,在图4中,电极组件23的内部开设有中心通道2321,中心通道2321沿端盖的厚度方向X贯穿电极组件23的两端,其中,中心通道2321设置于电极组件23的主体部232上,且贯穿位于主体部232两端的极耳231。第二集流构件25的中心位置开设有第二中心孔251,第二中心孔251沿端盖的厚度方向X贯穿第二集流构件25的两侧,中心通道2321、第一中心孔243和第二中心孔251均连通,以便于排气和电解液进入。
通过将多个第一焊接槽241相交于第一集流构件24的中心位置,从而有利于保证极耳231在第一集流构件24的径向上的不同位置均能够与第一集流构件24焊接,以提升焊接面积和焊 接稳定性,进而能够有效提高极耳231与第一集流构件24之间的导流性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请参见图6所示,至少一个主体区242设置有多个导流孔244,导流孔244沿端盖的厚度方向X贯穿第一集流构件24的两侧。
其中,至少一个主体区242设置有多个导流孔244,即第一集流构件24被第一焊接槽241分隔的区域中的至少一个区域设置有导流孔244。
可选地,第一集流构件24的外边缘限定的面积为S1,多个导流孔244的总面积为S4,满足,0.2≤S4/S1≤0.5。也就是说,多个导流孔244在第一集流构件24上占用的面积为20%到50%。
通过将导流孔244的总面积与第一集流构件24的面积的比值设置在0.2到0.5,从而一方面能够缓解因导流孔244的总面积过小而造成对电解液的导流效果不好的现象,另一方面能够降低因导流孔244占用第一集流构件24过多的面积而导致第一集流构件24的结构强度不足和与极耳231焊接面积不足的风险。
其中,导流孔244的孔径为D4,满足,0.1mm≤D4≤10mm。通过将导流孔244的孔径设置在0.1mm到10mm,一方面能够降低因导流孔244的孔径过大而导致第一集流构件24的结构强度不足的风险,另一方面能够减少因导流孔244的孔径过小而造成电解液通过难度较大的现象。
在一些实施例中,如图6所示,第一焊接槽241为两个,两个第一焊接槽241将第一集流构件24分隔为四个主体区242,四个主体区242中相对的两个主体区242连接于第二集流构件25,相对的另外两个主体区242设置有导流孔244。
通过在第一集流构件24上设置两个第一焊接槽241,且两个焊接槽将第一集流构件24分隔成四个主体区242,使得相对的两个主体区242与第二集流构件25相连,另外相对的两个主体区242设置导流孔244,这种结构简单,便于实现,且有利于降低第一集流构件24的加工难度和电池单体20的装配难度。
示例性的,两个第一焊接槽241相互垂直,且两个第一焊接槽241均沿第一集流构件24的径向延伸。
通过在第一集流构件24的主体区242上设置有导流孔244,以使导流孔244能够允许电解液沿电极组件23的轴向进入到极耳231中,从而有利于提升电解液对电极组件23的浸润效果。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参照图4和图5,并请进一步参照图7,图7为本申请一些实施例提供的第二集流构件25的俯视图。沿端盖的厚度方向X,第二集流构件25面向端盖22的表面设置有至少一个第二焊接槽252,第二集流构件25在设置第二焊接槽252的位置形成有第二焊接区,第二焊接区与第一集流构件24焊接。
第二集流构件25在设置第二焊接槽252的位置形成有第二焊接区,即第二集流构件25在第二焊接槽252所在的位置用于与第一集流构件24焊接,也就是说,第二焊接槽252的槽底壁焊接于第一集流构件24,第二焊接槽252的槽底壁为第二焊接区,第二焊接槽252的槽底壁用于焊接于第一集流构件24未设置导流孔244的主体区242上,以实现第二集流构件25连接于第一集流构件24。
示例性的,第二焊接槽252为圆弧形结构,在图7中,第二焊接槽252为两个,两个第二焊接槽252沿第二集流构件25的中心位置(第二中心孔251)周向间隔布置,且第二焊接槽252的两端均延伸至第二集流构件25的外边缘。当然,在其他实施例中,第二集流构件25上设置的第二焊接槽252也可以为三个、四个或五个等。
可选地,第二焊接槽252的长度为20mm到200mm,第二焊接槽252的槽宽为3mm到10mm,第二焊接槽252的槽深为0.1mm到3mm。
通过在第二集流构件25上设置第二焊接槽252,且第二焊接槽252所在的位置形成与第一集流构件24焊接的第二焊接区,采用这种结构一方面使得第二焊接槽252在第二集流构件25与第一集流构件24焊接时能够起到定位的作用,以便于第二集流构件25与第一集流构件24相互焊接,另一方面便于焊接时穿透第二集流构件25,有利于保证第二集流构件25与第一集流构件24 之间的焊接质量。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参照图6和图7,并请进一步参照图8,图8为本申请一些实施例提供的第二集流构件25连接于第一集流构件24的俯视图。沿端盖的厚度方向X,第一集流构件24面向第二集流构件25的表面设置有多个第一焊接槽241,多个第一焊接槽241相交于第一集流构件24的中心位置,多个第一焊接槽241将第一集流构件24分隔为多个主体区242。其中,每个第二焊接区焊接于一个主体区242,且每个第二焊接槽252在端盖的厚度方向X上的投影位于对应的主体区242内。
其中,每个第二焊接槽252在端盖的厚度方向X上的投影位于对应的主体区242内,即一个第二焊接槽252在端盖的厚度方向X上的投影所限定的区域落入对应的一个主体区242内。
示例性的,第一集流构件24上设置有两个第一焊接槽241,两个第一焊接槽241将第一集流构件24分隔为四个主体区242,同样的,第二集流构件25上设置有两个第二焊接槽252,两个第二焊接槽252以第二集流构件25的中心位置对称布置,以使两个第二焊接槽252的槽底壁(第二焊接区)能够焊接于四个主体区242中相对的两个主体区242。
在一些实施例中,第二集流构件25的外边缘限定的面积为S2,第二集流构件25的第二焊接区的总面积为S5,满足,0.05≤S5/S1≤0.3。也就是说,第二焊接槽252占用第二集流构件25的面积为5%到30%。通过将第二焊接区的总面积与第二集流构件25的面积的比值设置在0.05到0.3,一方面能够减少因第二集流构件25与第一集流构件24之间的连接面积过小而造成导流不足的现象,另一方面能够缓解因第二焊接区占用的面积过大而导致第二集流构件25与端盖22之间的连接面积不足的情况。
第一集流构件24上设置有多个第一焊接槽241,且多个焊接槽将第一集流构件24分隔为多个主体区242,主体区242能够与第二集流构件25上的第二焊接槽252形成的第二焊接区进行焊接,从而通过将第二焊接槽252在端盖的厚度方向X上的投影设置于对应的主体区242内,这种结构有利于降低第二集流构件25与第一集流构件24之间的焊接难度,且能够减少第二集流构件25在焊接于第一集流构件24上时与第一集流构件24的第一焊接槽241出现干涉的现象。
根据本申请的一些实施例,本申请实施例还提供了一种电池100,电池100包括箱体10和以上任一方案的电池单体20,电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。
根据本申请的一些实施例,本申请实施例还提供了一种用电装置,包括以上任一方案的电池100,并且电池100用于为用电装置提供电能。
用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池100的设备或系统。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图3至图8所示,本申请提供了一种电池单体20,电池单体20包括壳体21、端盖22、电极组件23、分体设置的第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25。壳体21具有开口211,端盖22盖合于开口211,电极组件23容纳于壳体21内,电极组件23在端盖的厚度方向X上的一端具有极耳231。第一集流构件24连接于极耳231,第二集流构件25连接于端盖22,沿端盖的厚度方向X,第一集流构件24与第二集流构件25层叠设置且相互连接,第二集流构件25位于第一集流构件24面向端盖22的一侧,且第二集流构件25的投影位于第一集流构件24的外边缘内。第一集流构件24和第二集流构件25均为圆形,电极组件23包括主体部232,极耳231凸设于主体部232面向端盖22的一端,主体部232为圆柱体,主体部232的外径为D3,满足,0.1mm≤D3-D1≤5mm,5mm≤D3-D2≤10mm。其中,沿端盖的厚度方向X,第一集流构件24面向第二集流构件25的表面设置有两个第一焊接槽241,第一集流构件24在设置第一焊接槽241的位置形成有第一焊接区,第一焊接区与极耳231焊接,两个第一焊接槽241均沿第一集流构件24的径向延伸并贯穿第一集流构件24的外边缘,两个第一焊接槽241相互垂直且相交于第一集流构件24的中心位置,以将第一集流构件24分隔为四个主体区242,四个主体区242中相对的两个主体区242连接于第二集流构件25,相对的另外两个主体区242设置有导流孔244。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说, 本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电池单体,包括:
    壳体,具有开口;
    端盖,盖合于所述开口;
    电极组件,容纳于所述壳体内,所述电极组件具有极耳;以及
    分体设置的第一集流构件和第二集流构件,所述第一集流构件连接于所述极耳,所述第二集流构件连接于所述端盖;
    其中,沿所述端盖的厚度方向,所述第一集流构件与所述第二集流构件层叠设置且相互连接,所述第二集流构件位于所述第一集流构件面向所述端盖的一侧,且所述第二集流构件的投影位于所述第一集流构件的外边缘内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一集流构件的外边缘限定的面积为S1,所述第二集流构件的外边缘限定的面积为S2,满足,0.6≤S2/S1≤0.9。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一集流构件和所述第二集流构件均为圆形;
    所述第一集流构件的外径为D1,所述第二集流构件的外径为D2,满足,D1>D2
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体,其中,所述电极组件包括主体部,所述极耳凸设于所述主体部面向所述端盖的一端,所述主体部为圆柱体;
    其中,所述主体部的外径为D3,满足,0.1mm≤D3-D1≤5mm,5mm≤D3-D2≤10mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池单体,其中,沿所述端盖的厚度方向,所述第一集流构件面向所述第二集流构件的表面设置有至少一个第一焊接槽,所述第一集流构件在设置所述第一焊接槽的位置形成有第一焊接区,所述第一焊接区与所述极耳焊接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一集流构件的外边缘限定的面积为S1,所述第一集流构件的所述第一焊接区的总面积为S3,满足,0.05≤S3/S1≤0.3。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一焊接槽沿所述第一集流构件的径向延伸。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一焊接槽的两端均贯穿所述第一集流构件的外边缘。
  9. 根据权利要求5-8任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一集流构件设置有多个所述第一焊接槽,多个所述第一焊接槽相交于相交位置,多个所述第一焊接槽将所述第一集流构件分隔为多个主体区,多个所述主体区围绕所述相交位置间隔设置,至少一个所述主体区连接于所述第二集流构件。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池单体,其中,所述相交位置为所述第一集流构件的中心位置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池单体,其中,所述相交位置设置有第一中心孔,所述第一中心孔沿所述端盖的厚度方向贯穿所述第一集流构件的两侧,所述第一中心孔的直径与所述第一焊接槽的槽宽相等。
  12. 根据权利要求9-11任一项所述的电池单体,其中,至少一个所述主体区设置有多个导流孔,所述导流孔沿所述端盖的厚度方向贯穿所述第一集流构件的两侧。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一集流构件的外边缘限定的面积为S1,多个所述导流孔的总面积为S4,满足,0.2≤S4/S1≤0.5。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的电池单体,其中,所述导流孔的孔径为D4,满足,0.1mm≤D4≤10mm。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一焊接槽为两个,两个所述第一焊接槽将所述第一集流构件分隔为四个所述主体区,四个所述主体区中相对的两个所述主体区连接于所述第二集流构件,相对的另外两个所述主体区设置有所述导流孔。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15任一项所述的电池单体,其中,沿所述端盖的厚度方向,所述第二集流构件面向所述端盖的表面设置有至少一个第二焊接槽,所述第二集流构件在设置所述第二焊接槽的位置形成有第二焊接区,所述第二焊接区与所述第一集流构件焊接。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池单体,其中,沿所述端盖的厚度方向,所述第一集流构件面向 所述第二集流构件的表面设置有多个第一焊接槽,多个所述第一焊接槽相交于所述第一集流构件的中心位置,多个所述第一焊接槽将所述第一集流构件分隔为多个主体区;
    其中,每个所述第二焊接区焊接于一个所述主体区,且每个所述第二焊接槽在所述端盖的厚度方向上的投影位于对应的所述主体区内。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的电池单体,其中,所述第二集流构件的外边缘限定的面积为S2,所述第二集流构件的所述第二焊接区的总面积为S5,满足,0.05≤S5/S1≤0.3。
  19. 一种电池,包括:
    箱体;以及
    根据权利要求1-18任一项所述的电池单体,所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
  20. 一种用电装置,包括根据权利要求19所述的电池。
PCT/CN2023/089295 2022-05-13 2023-04-19 电池单体、电池及用电装置 WO2023216829A1 (zh)

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