WO2023133904A1 - 电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023133904A1
WO2023133904A1 PCT/CN2022/072426 CN2022072426W WO2023133904A1 WO 2023133904 A1 WO2023133904 A1 WO 2023133904A1 CN 2022072426 W CN2022072426 W CN 2022072426W WO 2023133904 A1 WO2023133904 A1 WO 2023133904A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode assembly
limiting
current collecting
battery cell
collecting member
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/072426
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
迟庆魁
蒲涛
邹洋
余文杰
柴志生
金海族
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP22919550.8A priority Critical patent/EP4369451A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/072426 priority patent/WO2023133904A1/zh
Priority to CN202280020419.6A priority patent/CN116964805A/zh
Publication of WO2023133904A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023133904A1/zh
Priority to US18/412,333 priority patent/US11984622B1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0404—Machines for assembling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/049—Processes for forming or storing electrodes in the battery container
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/152—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/474—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by their position inside the cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular, to a battery cell, a manufacturing method and equipment thereof, a battery and an electrical device.
  • Lithium-ion batteries have outstanding advantages such as high energy density, low environmental pollution, high power density, long service life, wide application range, and small self-discharge coefficient. An important part of.
  • the battery cell of a lithium-ion battery is assembled into an electrode assembly (bare cell) by winding or laminating the positive pole piece, the negative pole piece and the diaphragm, and then put into the case, then cover the end cap, and finally inject electrolytic obtained after liquid.
  • higher requirements are placed on the quality and safety of lithium-ion batteries.
  • the batteries in the prior art have relatively large potential safety hazards during later use, which is not conducive to the safety of consumers.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment thereof, a battery, and an electrical device, which can effectively reduce potential safety hazards of the battery during use.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including a casing, an end cover, an electrode assembly, and a current collecting member;
  • the casing has an opening, and the inner side of the casing is convexly provided with a first stop part; the end cover covers the opening;
  • the electrode assembly is accommodated in the casing, the electrode assembly is located on the side of the first limiting part away from the end cover, and the electrode assembly
  • the current collecting member is accommodated in the housing, and the The current collecting member includes a body part and a connection part connected to the body part, the body part is used to connect the tab, and the connection part is used to connect the first limiting part; wherein, the body The part includes a first welding area and a second welding area, the first welding area is located on the outer periphery of the second welding area, the first welding area and the second welding area are
  • the inner surface of the casing is convexly provided with a first limiting portion, and the electrode assembly and the end cap are respectively arranged on both sides of the first limiting portion, and the connecting portion of the current collecting member is connected to the first limiting portion.
  • the electrical connection between the electrode assembly and the casing is realized through the current collecting member.
  • the battery cell adopting this structure can effectively improve the connection reliability between the current collecting member and the casing. Thereby, it is beneficial to improve the electrical connection effect between the electrode assembly and the casing, and on the other hand, the connection position between the current collecting member and the casing can be built in, that is to say, through this structure, the connection between the current collecting member and the casing can be realized.
  • connection position between them is located on one side of the end cover, so that the impact on the sealing between the end cover and the housing of the housing can be reduced, so as to ensure the sealing effect between the end cover and the housing.
  • first welding zone and the second welding zone formed by separating the body part by the connecting part to the tab of the electrode assembly the connection relationship between the outer ring of the tab and the current collecting member can be effectively ensured.
  • it can effectively reduce the risk of polarization and lithium precipitation of the battery cell in the process of charging and discharging in the later cycle, so as to reduce the risk of the battery cell in the later stage.
  • the potential safety hazards in the use process are conducive to ensuring the safety of consumers.
  • the distance between the connection position of the connection portion and the body portion to the outer edge of the body portion is not less than 2 mm.
  • the distance from the connection position of the connection part and the body part to the outer edge of the body part to be greater than or equal to 2 mm, it can be ensured that the first welding zone located on the outer peripheral side of the second welding zone has enough space Welding with the tab to meet the weldable area of the first welding zone, which is beneficial to improve the problem that the outer ring of the tab cannot be welded with the current collecting member, so as to realize the connection between the outer ring of the tab and the current collecting member connect.
  • connection portion includes an extension section and a connection section; the extension section is connected to the body portion, the extension section extends from the body portion in a direction away from the electrode assembly, and the extension section The section is at least partly located on the inner peripheral side of the first limiting part; the connecting section is connected to the extension section, and at least part of the connecting section abuts against the first limiting part away from the electrode assembly One side is connected with the first limiting part.
  • connection part is provided with an extension section and a connection section.
  • extension section By arranging the extension section on the inner peripheral side of the first limiting part and connecting the connection section to one end of the extension section, the connection section can be placed against the
  • the first limiting part is connected to the first limiting part on the side away from the electrode assembly, so as to ensure the connection strength and connection stability between the current collecting member and the first limiting part of the housing, thereby facilitating the improvement of
  • the electrical connection effect between the current collecting member and the housing is beneficial to improving the service life of the battery cells.
  • the thickness of the extension section decreases gradually from one end connected to the main body part to one end connected to the connection section.
  • the current collecting member with this structure makes it easier to bend the extension section along the radial direction of the current collecting member toward the direction close to the first limiting portion, so that the connecting section can abut against the first limiting portion away from the electrode assembly.
  • the side is connected with the first limiting part, the structure is simple, and it is easy to realize and process.
  • the extension section extends along an arc trajectory from one end connected to the main body to one end connected to the connection section, and the center of the arc trajectory is located on the outer peripheral side of the extension section.
  • the extension section by arranging the extension section as a structure extending from one end connected to the body part to one end connected to the connection section in a circular arc track, that is to say, the extension section moves closer to the first The direction of the limiting portion is bent into a circular arc structure.
  • the extension section of this structure is convenient for processing and manufacturing, and on the other hand, it can reduce the risk of the extension section breaking during the bending process.
  • connection position of the connection section and the extension section is formed with a scoring groove for bending the connection section relative to the extension section.
  • connection section by forming a notch groove at the connection position of the connection section and the extension section, that is to say, a weak zone is formed between the connection section and the extension section, so that it is convenient for the connection section to extend along the radial direction of the current collecting member. Bending toward the direction close to the first limiting portion, so that the connecting section can abut against the side of the first limiting portion away from the electrode assembly and be connected with the first limiting portion, the structure is simple and easy to implement.
  • the extension direction of the extension section is consistent with the thickness direction of the main body portion.
  • both the first limiting portion and the connecting portion are annular structures arranged along the circumference of the current collecting member.
  • both the first limiting portion and the connecting portion as an annular structure extending along the circumferential direction of the current collecting member, it is beneficial to improve the structural strength of the first limiting portion and the connecting portion, thereby effectively improving the The service life of the battery cell.
  • the connecting section is provided with a plurality of notches, and the plurality of notches are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the current collecting member; along the circumferential direction of the current collecting member, the connecting section is A bending zone capable of bending toward the outer peripheral side of the extension section relative to the extension section is formed between two adjacent notches.
  • the connecting section by opening a plurality of notches on the connection section, and the plurality of notches are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the connection section, so that every two adjacent notches can be formed for connecting to the first stop.
  • the connecting section with this structure facilitates the connecting section to be connected to the side of the first limiting part away from the electrode assembly after being bent relative to the extending section, and on the other hand, it can effectively relieve the relative extension of the connecting section. Wrinkles appear after the segment is bent.
  • the connecting section is welded with the first limiting portion to form a weld mark, and along the circumferential direction of the current collecting member, the length of the weld mark is not less than that of the first limiting portion. half of the circumference.
  • the length of the welding mark formed by welding the connecting section and the first limiting part in the circumferential direction of the current collecting member is set to be greater than or equal to half of the circumference of the first limiting part, that is to say , the welding length between the connecting section and the first limiting part is not less than half of the circumference of the first limiting part, which is conducive to improving the connection stability and reliability between the connecting section and the first limiting part on the one hand, so as to Improve the service life and reliability of the battery cell, on the other hand, it can ensure the diversion area between the connecting section and the first limiting part, so as to reduce the overcurrent between the connecting section and the first limiting part and cause the battery There is a risk of temperature rise inside the cell.
  • a side of the first limiting portion away from the electrode assembly forms an abutting plane for the connecting section to abut against.
  • connection stability and diversion stability by arranging the side of the first limiting part away from the electrode assembly as an abutting plane, that is to say, setting the side of the first limiting part where the connecting section abuts and connects as a plane structure,
  • the first limiting part with this structure is convenient for the connecting section to abut and connect, and it is beneficial to increase the connection area and contact area between the connecting section and the first limiting part, so as to lift the connecting section and the first limiting part.
  • the battery cell further includes a limiting member; the limiting member is accommodated in the housing, and the limiting member is at least partially located between the inner surface of the housing and the body portion. between the outer surfaces to limit the radial movement of the body portion along the current collecting member.
  • the limiting member can play a certain limiting effect on the current collecting member, thereby restricting the relative flow of the current collecting member.
  • the casing moves radially to reduce the risk of the connecting part and the first limiting part falling off due to the movement of the current collecting member relative to the casing, which is beneficial to ensure the stability and reliability of the battery cell, and can Effectively improve the service life of battery cells.
  • the limiting member is in interference fit with the body portion.
  • this structure can effectively increase the firmness of the connection between the body part and the stopper on the one hand, so as to better limit the collection
  • the radial movement of the flow member relative to the casing can also limit the axial movement of the flow collection member relative to the casing.
  • the limiting member is at least partially located between the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the tab, and the limiting member has a positioning surface that fits with the outer surface of the tab. .
  • the limiter is provided with a positioning surface that fits with the outer peripheral surface of the pole lug, so as to realize the positioning fit between the limiter and the pole ear, so that the current collecting member can be positioned on the pole through the limiter.
  • the battery cell further includes a sealing member; the sealing member is located on the side of the first limiting portion away from the electrode assembly, and the sealing member is used to seal the end cap and the electrode assembly. the housing.
  • the battery cell is also provided with a seal for sealing the gap between the end cover and the casing, and the seal is arranged on the side of the first limiting part away from the electrode assembly, so as to realize the connection between the current collecting member and the electrode assembly.
  • the connection position of the housing is located on one side of the end cover, which is beneficial to reduce the interference caused by the connection position of the current collecting member and the housing on the sealing between the end cover and the housing, and thus helps to ensure the sealing between the end cover and the housing. between the sealing effect.
  • a roller groove is provided at a position corresponding to the first limiting portion on the outer surface of the housing.
  • the roll grooves are provided on the outer surface of the casing, so that during the process of forming the roll grooves, the casing can form the first stopper at the position corresponding to the roll grooves, so as to simplify the first
  • the molding process of the limiting part further facilitates the manufacture and processing of the first limiting part.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a battery, including a plurality of the above-mentioned battery cells.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device, including the above-mentioned battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell, including:
  • a housing is provided, the housing has an opening, and the inner side of the housing is convexly provided with a first limiting portion;
  • An electrode assembly is provided, one side of the electrode assembly has a tab;
  • a current collecting member comprising a body portion and a connection portion connected to the body portion;
  • the body part includes a first welding zone and a second welding zone
  • the first welding zone is located on the outer periphery of the second welding zone
  • the first welding zone and the second welding zone are connected by the part and the connection position of the body part, and the first welding zone and the second welding zone are both welded to the tab.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery cell manufacturing equipment, including a first providing device, a second providing device, a third providing device, a fourth providing device, a first assembling device, a second assembling device, The third assembling device and the fourth assembling device;
  • the first providing device is used to provide a casing, the casing has an opening, and the inner side of the casing is convexly provided with a first stopper;
  • the second providing The device is used to provide an end cap;
  • the third providing device is used to provide an electrode assembly, and one side of the electrode assembly has a tab;
  • the fourth providing device is used to provide a current collecting member, and the current collecting member includes a body part and the connection part connected to the body part;
  • the first assembly device is used to connect the body part to the tab;
  • the second assembly device is used to connect the electrode assembly and the current collector
  • the component is accommodated in the housing, and the electrode assembly is located on one side of the first limiting part;
  • the third assembly device is
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structure of the battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the structure of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of A of the battery cell shown in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a current collecting member provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a current collecting member provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of the B of the battery cell shown in Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a current collecting member provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a current collecting member provided by some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic block diagram of a manufacturing device for a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icons 1000-vehicle; 100-battery; 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery unit; 21-housing; 211-opening; 212-first limiting part; 2121 -Abut against plane; 213-Second limiting part; 214-Roll groove; 22-End cover; 23-Electrode assembly; ;2412-second welding area; 242-connection; 2421-extension; 2422-connection; 2423-notch groove; 2424-notch; 2000-manufacturing equipment; 2100-first providing device; 2200-second providing device; 2300-third providing device; 2400-fourth providing device; 2500-first assembling device; 2600- Second assembly device; 2700 - third assembly device; 2800 - fourth assembly device.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length and width of the integrated device, are for illustrative purposes only, and should not constitute any limitation to the application .
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • a battery generally includes a case for enclosing one or more battery cells or a plurality of battery modules. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes a casing, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the casing is used to accommodate the electrode assembly and the electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly consists of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon. In order to ensure that a large current is passed without fusing, the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a stacked structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Batteries have outstanding advantages such as high energy density, low environmental pollution, high power density, long service life, wide application range, and small self-discharge coefficient. They are an important part of new energy development.
  • the battery cell of the battery is assembled into an electrode assembly (bare cell) by winding or laminating the positive pole piece, the negative pole piece and the separator, and then put it into the case, then cover the end cap, and finally inject the electrolyte owned.
  • the safety performance of the battery cell determines the safety of the battery during use.
  • the electrode assembly needs to be electrically connected to the casing, so that the casing can be used as the positive or negative output pole of the battery cell.
  • a current-collecting member is usually arranged in the housing, and the current-collecting member is connected to the case and the tab of the electrode assembly (the tab is a full tab, which is connected to the current-collecting member after kneading), so as to realize the connection between the electrode assembly and the electrode assembly. Electrical connections between housings.
  • protrusions are usually provided on the inner side wall of the housing, and bosses for welding with the protrusions are correspondingly provided on the current collecting member.
  • bosses for welding with the protrusions are correspondingly provided on the current collecting member.
  • the outer ring of the tab of the electrode assembly is not welded to the current-collecting member, so that there is a local overcurrent between the outer ring of the tab and the current-collecting member, resulting in a battery cell
  • the battery is very prone to polarization, and what is more, the phenomenon of lithium precipitation will occur, which will cause a greater safety hazard in the later use of the battery.
  • the battery cell includes A case, an end cap, an electrode assembly and a current collecting member.
  • the housing is provided with an opening, and the inner side of the housing is convexly provided with a first limiting portion.
  • the end cover covers the opening of the housing.
  • the electrode assembly is arranged in the casing, and is located on the side of the first limiting part away from the end cap.
  • the current collecting member is accommodated in the housing, and the current collecting member includes a main body and a connecting portion connected to the main body, the main body is connected to the tab of the electrode assembly, and the connecting portion is connected to the first limiting portion.
  • the body part includes a first welding zone and a second welding zone, the first welding zone and the second welding zone are bounded by the connection position of the connection part and the body part, and the first welding zone is located on the outer peripheral side of the second welding zone, and the second welding zone Both the first welding zone and the second welding zone are welded to the tabs of the electrode assembly.
  • the inner surface of the casing is convexly provided with a first limiting portion, and the electrode assembly and the end cap are respectively arranged on both sides of the first limiting portion, and the connecting portion of the current collecting member is connected to On the first limiting part, the electrical connection between the electrode assembly and the casing is realized through the current collecting member.
  • the battery cell adopting this structure can effectively improve the reliability of the connection between the current collecting member and the casing. property, which is beneficial to improve the electrical connection effect between the electrode assembly and the casing, on the other hand, it can realize the connection position between the current collecting member and the casing to be built in, that is to say, through this structure, the connection between the current collecting member and the casing can be realized.
  • the connection position between the housings is located on one side of the end cover, so that the impact on the sealing between the end cover and the housing of the housing can be reduced, so as to ensure the sealing effect between the end cover and the housing.
  • the connection relationship between the outer ring of the tab and the current collecting member can be effectively ensured, In order to reduce the phenomenon of local overcurrent between the outer ring of the tab and the current collecting member, it can effectively reduce the risk of polarization and lithium precipitation of the battery cell in the process of charging and discharging in the later cycle, so as to reduce the risk of the battery cell in the later stage.
  • the potential safety hazards in the use process are conducive to ensuring the safety of consumers.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electric devices such as vehicles, ships or aircrafts.
  • a power supply system composed of the battery cells and batteries disclosed in this application can be used to form the electrical device. In this way, the risk of polarization and lithium deposition of the battery cells can be effectively reduced, so as to improve the safety of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery as a power source.
  • the electric device can be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • a vehicle 1000 as an electric device according to an embodiment of the present application is taken as an example for description.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • the interior of the vehicle 1000 is provided with a battery 100 , and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the structure of the battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a case body 10 and a battery cell 20 for being housed in the case body 10 .
  • the box body 10 is used to provide an assembly space for the battery cells 20 , and the box body 10 may adopt various structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12, the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a assembly space.
  • the second part 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first part 11 can be a plate-like structure, and the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12, so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define an assembly space
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 is covered by the open side of the second part 12 .
  • the box body 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid and the like.
  • the battery 100 there may be multiple battery cells 20 , and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of a plurality of battery cells 20 is housed in the box 10; of course, the battery 100 can also be a plurality of battery cells 20
  • the battery modules are firstly connected in series or parallel or in combination, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series or in parallel or in combination to form a whole, which is accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may also include a bus component for realizing electrical connection between multiple battery cells 20 .
  • each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes. Exemplarily, in FIG. 2 , the battery cell 20 is cylindrical.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural exploded view of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 4 provides a battery cell 20 in some embodiments of the present application
  • 5 is a partial enlarged view at A of the battery cell 20 shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the present application provides a battery cell 20
  • the battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 , an end cover 22 , an electrode assembly 23 and a current collecting member 24 .
  • the casing 21 has an opening 211
  • a first limiting portion 212 protrudes from the inner surface of the casing 21 .
  • the end cap 22 covers the opening 211 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 is accommodated in the casing 21, the electrode assembly 23 is located on the side of the first limiting portion 212 away from the end cap 22, and the side of the electrode assembly 23 facing the end cap 22 has a tab 231, the first limiting portion 212 It is configured to restrict movement of the end cap 22 in a direction facing the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the current collecting member 24 is accommodated in the housing 21.
  • the current collecting member 24 includes a body portion 241 and a connection portion 242 connected to the body portion 241.
  • the body portion 241 is used to connect the tab 231, and the connection portion 242 is used to connect to the first limiter. Section 212.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the current collecting member 24 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the main body portion 241 includes a first welding area 2411 and a second welding area 2412, the first welding area 2411 is located on the outer periphery of the second welding area 2412, the first welding area 2411 and the second welding area 2412 are connected by the connection portion 242 and the main body portion 241 The connection position is divided, and both the first welding area 2411 and the second welding area 2412 are welded to the tab 231 .
  • the first welding area 2411 is located on the outer periphery of the second welding area 2412, and the first welding area 2411 and the second welding area 2412 are bounded by the connection position between the connection part 242 and the body part 241, that is, the body part 241 is formed with a uniform pole.
  • the two areas welded by the ear 231 are respectively the first welding area 2411 and the second welding area 2412, the first welding area 2411 and the second welding area 2412 are separated by the connection position between the connecting part 242 and the body part 241, and
  • the first welding area 2411 is located on the outer peripheral side of the connecting portion 242
  • the second welding area 2412 is located on the inner peripheral side of the connecting portion 242 .
  • both the first welding area 2411 and the second welding area 2412 of the body part 241 are welded to the tab 231 of the electrode assembly 23 by means of laser welding.
  • the body portion 241 of the current collecting member 24 is a circular disk-shaped structure.
  • the casing 21 can also be used to contain electrolyte, such as electrolyte solution.
  • the housing 21 can be in various structural forms.
  • the housing 21 may also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • the electrode assembly 23 When assembling the battery cell 20, the electrode assembly 23 can be put into the casing 21 first, and the electrolyte is filled into the casing 21, and then the end cap 22 is closed on the opening 211 of the casing 21 to form a sealed connection, so as to A sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 23 and electrolyte is formed.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid and so on.
  • the shape of the casing 21 can be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 has a cylindrical structure, it can be a cylindrical structure; if the electrode assembly 23 is a rectangular parallelepiped, it can be a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the end cap 22 can also be of various structures, for example, the end cap 22 is a plate-shaped structure, a hollow structure with an opening 211 at one end, and the like.
  • the electrode assembly 23 is a cylindrical structure
  • the casing 21 is a cylindrical casing 21 .
  • the battery cell 20 is not limited to the above-mentioned structure, and the battery cell 20 can also have other structures.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 and two end covers 22, and the casing 21 is two opposite
  • the side opening 211 has a hollow structure, and an end cap 22 is correspondingly covered with an opening 211 of the casing 21 to form a sealed connection, so as to form a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 23 and the electrolyte.
  • the housing 21 is a hollow structure with an opening 211 at one end, as shown in FIG.
  • both ends of the electrode assembly 23 have tabs 231 (respectively positive tabs and negative tabs), and one of the two tabs 231 passes through the current collecting member 24 and the case.
  • the body 21 is electrically connected, and the other is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 25 .
  • the tab 231 and the electrode terminal 25 can be directly connected, such as welding or abutting, or connected by other components.
  • the tab 231 is first welded or abutted with other components, and then welded or abutted with the electrode terminal 25 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 is a part where the electrochemical reaction occurs in the battery cell 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 may include a positive electrode tab, a negative electrode tab, and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 23 may be a coiled structure formed by winding the positive pole piece, separator and negative pole piece, or a laminated structure formed by stacking the positive pole piece, separator and negative pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly 23 is a wound structure formed by winding a positive pole piece, a separator, and a negative pole piece.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include a pressure relief mechanism, which is installed on the end cover 22 or on the casing 21 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism is used to release the pressure inside the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a predetermined value.
  • the pressure relief mechanism may be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, a burst disk, an air valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve.
  • the inner surface of the casing 21 is convexly provided with a first limiting portion 212, and the electrode assembly 23 and the end cap 22 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first limiting portion 212, and the connecting portion 242 of the current collecting member 24 is connected to the On the first limiting portion 212, the electrical connection between the electrode assembly 23 and the housing 21 is realized through the current collecting member 24.
  • the battery cell 20 adopting this structure can effectively improve the connection between the current collecting member 24 and the housing.
  • connection position between the current collecting member 24 and the housing 21 can be located on one side of the end cover 22, thereby reducing the impact on the seal between the end cover 22 of the housing 21 and the housing 21. , to ensure the sealing effect between the end cover 22 and the housing 21 .
  • first welding area 2411 and the second welding area 2412 formed by separating the body part 241 by the connecting part 242 are both welded to the tab 231 of the electrode assembly 23, so that the outer ring of the tab 231 and the current collecting function can be effectively ensured.
  • connection relationship between the components 24 is used to reduce the phenomenon of local overcurrent between the outer ring of the tab 231 and the current collecting component 24, thereby effectively reducing the polarization and analysis of the battery cell 20 during the later cycle charging and discharging.
  • the risk of lithium in order to reduce the potential safety hazards of the battery cell 20 in the later use process, is conducive to ensuring the safety of consumers.
  • the distance between the connecting portion 242 and the body portion 241 and the outer edge of the body portion 241 is not less than 2mm.
  • the distance between the connection position between the connecting portion 242 and the main body portion 241 and the outer edge of the main body portion 241 is not less than 2 mm, that is, from the center position of the current collecting member 24 to the edge of the current collecting member 24
  • the distance between the connection position of the connecting portion 242 and the body portion 241 and the outer edge of the body portion 241 is greater than or equal to 2mm.
  • the distance between the connection position of the connection portion 242 and the body portion 241 and the outer edge of the body portion 241 is 5 mm.
  • connection position of the connecting portion 242 and the main body portion 241 By setting the distance between the connection position of the connecting portion 242 and the main body portion 241 to the outer edge of the main body portion 241 to be greater than or equal to 2mm, it can be ensured that the first welding area 2411 located on the outer peripheral side of the second welding area 2412 has enough space and The tab 231 is welded to meet the weldable area of the first welding zone 2411, which is beneficial to improve the problem that the outer ring of the tab 231 cannot be welded with the current collecting member 24, so as to realize the connection between the outer ring of the tab 231 and the current collecting member 24. Connections between members 24.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the current collecting member 24 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the connection part 242 includes an extension section 2421 and a connection section 2422 .
  • the extension section 2421 is connected to the body part 241 , and the extension section 2421 extends from the body part 241 in a direction away from the electrode assembly 23 , and the extension section 2421 is at least partially located on the inner peripheral side of the first limiting part 212 .
  • the connection section 2422 is connected to the extension section 2421 , at least part of the connection section 2422 abuts against the side of the first limiting portion 212 away from the electrode assembly 23 and is connected to the first limiting portion 212 .
  • connection section 2422 is connected to an end of the extension section 2421 away from the connection position between the extension section 2421 and the body part 241 in the extending direction, and the extension section 2421 extends out of the side of the first limiting part 212 away from the electrode assembly 23, so that The connection section 2422 can abut against and be connected to a side of the first limiting portion 212 away from the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the connecting section 2422 is connected to the first limiting part 212 to realize the electrical connection between the connecting section 2422 and the first limiting part 212, and the connecting section 2422 and the first limiting part 212 may be welded to each other , can also be in contact with each other, so that the connection section 2422 is electrically connected to the first limiting portion 212 , so as to realize the current conduction between the electrode assembly 23 and the casing 21 .
  • connection section 2422 is welded to the side of the first limiting portion 212 away from the electrode assembly 23 .
  • connection part 242 is provided with an extension section 2421 and a connection section 2422.
  • extension section 2421 By setting the extension section 2421 on the inner peripheral side of the first limiting part 212 and connecting the connection section 2422 to one end of the extension section 2421, the connection section 2422 can Abutting against the side of the first limiting portion 212 away from the electrode assembly 23 and connected to the first limiting portion 212, so as to ensure the connection strength and
  • the connection stability is beneficial to improve the electrical connection effect between the current collecting member 24 and the casing 21 , and to improve the service life of the battery cells 20 .
  • the thickness of the extension section 2421 gradually decreases from one end connected to the main body 241 to one end connected to the connection section 2422 .
  • the thickness of the extension section 2421 gradually decreases from one end connected to the body part 241 to one end connected to the connection section 2422, that is, the thickness of the extension section 2421 decreases from the end connected to the body part 241 to The closer it is to the connection section 2422, the smaller it will be.
  • the thickness of the end of the extension section 2421 connected to the main body 241 is twice the thickness of the end of the extension section 2421 connected to the connection section 2422 .
  • the thickness of the end of the extension section 2421 connected to the body part 241 is 0.4 mm
  • the thickness of the end of the extension section 2421 connected to the connection section 2422 is 0.2 mm.
  • the extension section 2421 is easier to approach the first limiting part along the radial direction of the current collecting member 24 212 is bent so that the connecting section 2422 can abut against the side of the first limiting portion 212 away from the electrode assembly 23 and connect with the first limiting portion 212 , which has a simple structure and is easy to realize and process.
  • the extension section 2421 extends from one end connected to the body part 241 to the end connected to the connection section 2422 along an arc track, and the center of the arc track is located in the extension section The peripheral side of 2421.
  • the extension section 2421 extends from one end connected to the body part 241 to one end connected to the connection section 2422 along a circular arc trajectory, that is, the extension section 2421 approaches the first stop part 212 along the radial direction of the current collecting member 24
  • the direction is bent into a circular arc structure, and the center of the circular arc structure is located on the side of the extension section 2421 close to the first stopper 212 in the radial direction of the current collecting member 24, that is to say, the cross section of the extension section 2421 is along the current collecting
  • the radial direction of the member 24 is folded toward the first limiting portion 212 .
  • extension section 2421 By arranging the extension section 2421 as a structure extending from one end connected to the main body 241 to one end connected to the connection section 2422 in a circular arc track, on the one hand, it facilitates processing and manufacturing, and on the other hand, it can reduce the bending time of the extension section 2421. Risk of breakage during the process.
  • Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell 20 provided in some other embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 9 is a B of the battery cell 20 shown in Fig. 8
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a current collecting member 24 provided by some other embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a current collecting member 24 provided by some other embodiments of this application.
  • a notch groove 2423 for bending the connecting section 2422 relative to the extending section 2421 is formed at the connecting position of the connecting section 2422 and the extending section 2421 .
  • connection position between the connection section 2422 and the extension section 2421 is formed with a score groove 2423 for the connection section 2422 to bend relative to the extension section 2421, that is, the outside surface of the connection part 242 is provided with a score groove 2423, and the score groove 2423 A weak zone is formed between the connection section 2422 and the extension section 2421 , that is to say, between the connection section 2422 and the extension section 2421 .
  • the depth of the scoring groove 2423 is 0.1 mm, and the scoring groove 2423 is a V-shaped groove.
  • the depth of the scoring groove 2423 may also be other depths, such as 0.08mm, 0.12mm, or 0.15mm.
  • the structure of the scoring groove 2423 may also be a U-shaped groove structure or the like.
  • the notch groove 2423 is formed at the connecting position of the connecting section 2422 and the extending section 2421, so that the connecting section 2422 is bent toward the first stopper 212 in the radial direction of the current collecting member 24 relative to the extending section 2421, so that the connection
  • the segment 2422 can abut against the side of the first limiting portion 212 away from the electrode assembly 23 and connect with the first limiting portion 212 , which has a simple structure and is easy to implement.
  • the extension direction of the extension section 2421 is consistent with the thickness direction of the main body portion 241 .
  • the thickness of the extension section 2421 remains constant from the end connected to the body part 241 to the end connected to the connection section 2422 .
  • the thickness of the extension section 2421 can also be set to a structure that gradually decreases from the end connected to the body part 241 to the end connected to the connection section 2422 .
  • extension direction of the extension section 2421 By setting the extension direction of the extension section 2421 to be consistent with the thickness direction of the body part 241 , it is convenient to process the scoring groove 2423 at the connection position of the extension section 2421 and the connection section 2422 , thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the current collecting member 24 .
  • both the first limiting portion 212 and the connecting portion 242 are annular structures arranged along the circumference of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the circumferential direction of the current collecting member 24 is the circumferential direction of the central position of the current collecting member 24 , that is, the first limiting portion 212 and the connecting portion 242 are both structures surrounding the central position of the current collecting member 24 .
  • both the first limiting portion 212 and the connecting portion 242 are arranged as an annular structure extending along the circumferential direction of the current collecting member 24, it is beneficial to improve the structural strength of the first limiting portion 212 and the connecting portion 242, thereby effectively improving the battery capacity.
  • the service life of monomer 20 By arranging both the first limiting portion 212 and the connecting portion 242 as an annular structure extending along the circumferential direction of the current collecting member 24, it is beneficial to improve the structural strength of the first limiting portion 212 and the connecting portion 242, thereby effectively improving the battery capacity. The service life of monomer 20.
  • connection section 2422 is provided with a plurality of notches 2424 , and the plurality of notches 2424 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the connecting section 2422 forms a bending area between every two adjacent notches 2424 that can be bent toward the outer peripheral side of the extending section 2421 relative to the extending section 2421 .
  • connection section 2422 forms a bending area between every two adjacent notches 2424, that is, the connection section 2422 is divided into A plurality of parts arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the current collecting member 24 , each part is a bending area that can be bent relative to the extension section 2421 , that is, the connecting section 2422 extends along the circumferential direction of the current collecting member 24 non-continuous structure.
  • the connecting section 2422 may also be six, seven, nine or ten.
  • connection section 2422 By opening a plurality of notches 2424 on the connection section 2422, and the plurality of notches 2424 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the connection section 2422, so that every two adjacent notches 2424 can be formed for connecting to the first stopper. 212, the connection section 2422 of this structure facilitates the connection of the connection section 2422 to the side of the first limiting part 212 away from the electrode assembly 23 after being bent relative to the extension section 2421 on the one hand, and on the other hand can effectively relieve the Wrinkles appear in the connecting section 2422 after being bent relative to the extending section 2421 .
  • the connecting section 2422 is welded with the first limiting portion 212 to form a weld mark, and the length of the weld mark is not less than half of the circumference of the first limiting portion 212 along the circumferential direction of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the length of the weld mark is not less than half of the circumference of the first limiting portion 212, that is, the total welding length between the connecting section 2422 and the first limiting portion 212 is at the current collecting point.
  • the circumferential direction of the component 24 is no less than half of the circumferential length of the first limiting portion 212 .
  • the length of the welding print formed after welding the connecting section 2422 and the first limiting part 212 in the circumferential direction of the current collecting member 24 is set to be greater than or equal to half of the circumference of the first limiting part 212, which is beneficial on the one hand Improve the connection stability and reliability between the connecting section 2422 and the first limiting part 212, so as to improve the service life and reliability of the battery cell 20;
  • the flow guide area is large, so as to reduce the risk of temperature rise inside the battery cell 20 due to excessive flow between the connecting section 2422 and the first limiting portion 212 .
  • the side of the first limiting portion 212 away from the electrode assembly 23 forms an abutment plane 2121 against which the connection section 2422 abuts.
  • the side of the first limiting portion 212 facing away from the electrode assembly 23 is formed with an abutment plane 2121 , that is, the side of the first limiting portion 212 where the connecting section 2422 abuts and connects is a planar structure.
  • the abutting plane 2121 , the body portion 241 and the connecting section 2422 are parallel to each other, and in the radial direction of the current collecting member 24 , the length of the connecting portion 242 connected to the abutting plane 2121 of the first limiting portion 212 is greater than or Equal to 1mm.
  • connection area and the contact area are used to improve the connection stability and flow guide stability between the connection section 2422 and the first limiting portion 212 .
  • the battery cell 20 may further include a limiting member 26 .
  • the limiting member 26 is accommodated in the housing 21 , and the limiting member 26 is at least partially located between the inner surface of the housing 21 and the outer surface of the body portion 241 to limit the radial movement of the body portion 241 along the current collecting member 24 .
  • the portion of the limiting member 26 located between the inner surface of the housing 21 and the outer surface of the body portion 241 is an annular structure extending along the circumference of the current collecting member 24, that is, the portion of the limiting member 26 facing the end cap 22 One side defines a first limiting groove for accommodating the body portion 241 of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the stopper 26 can also be of other structures, for example, the side of the stopper 26 facing the end cover 22 is protruded with a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions are arranged along the circumference of the current collecting member 24. The protrusions are arranged at intervals, and the protrusions extend between the inner side of the housing 21 and the outer side of the body part 241 .
  • the material of the limiting member 26 may be polyimide, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride or polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the limiting member 26 By setting the limiting member 26 between the inner surface of the housing 21 and the outer surface of the body portion 241, the limiting member 26 can play a certain limiting effect on the current collecting member 24, thereby limiting the current collecting member 24 relative
  • the casing 21 moves radially to reduce the risk of the connection part 242 and the first limiting part 212 falling off due to the movement of the current collecting member 24 relative to the casing 21, which is beneficial to ensure the stability of the battery cell 20 in use and reliability, and can effectively improve the service life of the battery cells 20 .
  • the limiting member 26 is in interference fit with the main body portion 241 .
  • the limiting member 26 is in interference fit with the body portion 241, that is, the limiting member 26 is used to accommodate the groove wall of the first limiting groove of the body portion 241 of the current collecting member 24 and the body portion 241 in an interference fit, That is to say, in the radial direction of the current collecting member 24 , the diameter of the first limiting groove is smaller than the diameter of the main body portion 241 .
  • the diameter of the first limiting groove is less than 0.1 mm of the diameter of the main body portion 241 .
  • this structure can effectively increase the firmness of the connection between the body portion 241 and the limiting member 26, thereby better restricting the current collecting member.
  • 24 moves radially relative to the housing 21 , on the other hand, it can also limit the axial movement of the current collecting member 24 relative to the housing 21 .
  • the limiting member 26 is at least partially located between the inner surface of the housing 21 and the outer surface of the tab 231 , and the limiting member 26 has a Compatible positioning surface.
  • the limiting member 26 is at least partly located between the inner surface of the housing 21 and the outer surface of the tab 231, that is, the side of the limiting member 26 facing the electrode assembly 23 is provided with the first tab 231 for accommodating the electrode assembly 23.
  • Two limiting grooves, and the groove bottom wall of the second limiting groove is connected with the groove bottom wall of the first limiting groove, so that the body part 241 can be welded with the tab 231 .
  • the limiting member 26 has a positioning surface that matches the outer surface of the tab 231, that is, the shape of the side wall of the second limiting groove is the same as the shape of the outer surface of the tab 231, and the outer surface of the tab 231 is against the outer surface of the tab 231.
  • the limiter 26 is provided with a positioning surface that fits with the outer peripheral surface of the pole ear 231 to realize the positioning fit between the limiter 26 and the pole ear 231, so that the current collecting member 24 can be positioned on the pole through the limiter 26.
  • ear 231 so as to reduce the phenomenon of radial movement of the current collecting member 24 relative to the tab 231, thereby helping to reduce the risk of desoldering between the current collecting member 24 and the tab 231, so as to ensure the use of the battery cell 20 reliability.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include a sealing member 27 .
  • the sealing member 27 is located on the side of the first limiting portion 212 away from the electrode assembly 23 , and the sealing member 27 is used to seal the end cover 22 and the casing 21 .
  • the end cover 22 is located inside the housing 21, and at least part of the sealing member 27 is located between the outer surface of the end cover 22 and the inner surface of the housing 21, so that the end cover 22 is radially sealed by the sealing member 27, To seal the gap between the end cover 22 and the housing 21 .
  • the material of the sealing member 27 may be polyimide, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, or polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the housing 21 may also be provided with a second limiting portion 213 at one end of the opening 211, and the second limiting portion 213 is used to limit the separation of the end cap 22 from the housing in a direction away from the electrode assembly 23. 21, and the seal 27 is located between the first limiting portion 212 and the second limiting portion 213.
  • the second limiting portion 213 may be a flange structure in which the casing 21 is partially folded inward, and the second limiting portion 213 can be formed at the position of the opening 211 of the casing 21 by turning over the casing 21 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 and the current collecting member 24 can be accommodated in the casing 21 first, and the casing 21 is processed to form the first stopper 212, and then the end cap 22 Together with the sealing member 27 abut against the first limiting portion 212 , and finally the second limiting portion 213 is formed by turning over the housing 21 to limit the end cover 22 .
  • the section of the seal 27 is a U-shaped structure, and the end cover 22 is inserted into the U-shaped groove of the seal 27 along the radial direction of the current collecting member 24, so that the part of the seal 27 is located between the end cover 22 and the Between the first limiting portion 212 and between the end cover 22 and the second limiting portion 213 , this structure is beneficial to improve the sealing effect between the end cover 22 and the housing 21 .
  • the battery cell 20 is also provided with a seal 27 for sealing the gap between the end cover 22 and the casing 21, and the seal 27 is arranged on the side of the first limiting portion 212 away from the electrode assembly 23, so as to realize the current collecting member 24 and the housing 21 are located on one side of the end cover 22, which is beneficial to reduce the interference caused by the connection position of the current collecting member 24 and the housing 21 to the seal between the end cover 22 and the housing 21, and further It is beneficial to ensure the sealing effect between the end cover 22 and the housing 21 .
  • a roller groove 214 is provided at a position corresponding to the first limiting portion 212 on the outer surface of the housing 21 .
  • the roller groove 214 is a V-shaped groove, so as to form the first limiting portion 212 of a V-shaped structure.
  • the roller groove 214 may also be a U-shaped groove or the like.
  • the roller groove 214 may also be an annular structure extending along the circumference of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the housing 21 can form the first stopper 212 at the position corresponding to the roller groove 214, so as to simplify the first step.
  • the molding process of the limiting portion 212 further facilitates the manufacturing and processing of the first limiting portion 212 .
  • the present application also provides a battery 100 comprising a plurality of battery cells 20 of any one of the above schemes.
  • the present application also provides an electric device, including the battery 100 according to any of the above schemes, and the battery 100 is used to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • the electric device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using the battery 100 .
  • the present application provides a battery cell 20 , including a casing 21 , an end cap 22 , an electrode assembly 23 , a current collecting member 24 and a seal 27 .
  • the casing 21 has an opening 211 , and a first limiting portion 212 protrudes from the inner surface of the casing 21 , and the first limiting portion 212 is an annular structure extending along the circumferential direction of the casing 21 .
  • the end cap 22 covers the opening 211, and the electrode assembly 23 is accommodated in the housing 21.
  • the electrode assembly 23 and the end cap 22 are respectively located on both sides of the first stopper 212, and the side of the electrode assembly 23 facing the end cap 22 has
  • the tab 231 and the first limiting portion 212 are configured to limit the movement of the end cap 22 in a direction facing the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the current collecting member 24 includes a body portion 241 and a connection portion 242 connected to the body portion 241 , the body portion 241 is used for connecting the tab 231 , and the connection portion 242 is used for connecting the first limiting portion 212 .
  • the main body portion 241 includes a first welding zone 2411 and a second welding zone 2412, the first welding zone 2411 is located on the outer periphery of the second welding zone 2412, the first welding zone 2411 and the second welding zone 2412 are connected by the connecting portion 242 and the main body portion 241
  • the connection position is divided, the first welding zone 2411 and the second welding zone 2412 are welded to the tab 231, wherein, along the radial direction of the current collecting member 24, the connection position between the connection part 242 and the body part 241 is to the outer edge of the body part 241
  • the distance is not less than 2mm.
  • the connection part 242 includes an extension section 2421 and a connection section 2422.
  • the extension section 2421 is connected to the body part 241.
  • the thickness of the extension section 2421 gradually decreases from the end connected to the body part 241 to the end connected to the connection section 2422.
  • the extension section 2421 Extending from one end connected to the main body portion 241 to one end connected to the connection section 2422 along an arc track, the center of the arc track is located on the outer peripheral side of the extension section 2421 .
  • connection section 2422 is connected to the extension section 2421, and the connection section 2422 is welded to the side of the first limiting part 212 away from the electrode assembly 23, wherein the connection section 2422 is provided with a plurality of The notch 2424 , and the length of the connecting section 2422 welded to the first limiting portion 212 is greater than or equal to half of the circumference of the first limiting portion 212 in the circumferential direction of the current collecting member 24 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing the battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the manufacturing method includes:
  • S100 Provide a housing 21, the housing 21 has an opening 211, and the inner side of the housing 21 is convexly provided with a first limiting portion 212;
  • S400 Provide a current collecting member 24, the current collecting member 24 includes a body portion 241 and a connecting portion 242 connected to the body portion 241;
  • S800 Cover the end cap 22 on the opening 211, and position the end cap 22 on the side of the first limiting portion 212 away from the electrode assembly 23;
  • the body portion 241 includes a first welding zone 2411 and a second welding zone 2412, the first welding zone 2411 is located at the outer periphery of the second welding zone 2412, and the first welding zone 2411 and the second welding zone 2412 are connected to the body portion by the connecting portion 242.
  • the connection position of 241 is divided, and the first welding area 2411 and the second welding area 2412 are both welded to the tab 231 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a manufacturing device 2000 for the battery cell 20 , please refer to FIG. 13 , which is a schematic block diagram of the manufacturing device 2000 for the battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the manufacturing equipment 2000 includes a first providing device 2100, a second providing device 2200, a third providing device 2300, a fourth providing device 2400, a first assembling device 2500, a second assembling device 2600, a third assembling device 2700 and a fourth assembling device 2800.
  • the first providing device 2100 is used for providing the casing 21 , the casing 21 has an opening 211 , and a first limiting portion 212 protrudes from the inner side of the casing 21 .
  • the second providing device 2200 is used for providing the end cap 22 .
  • the third providing device 2300 is used for providing the electrode assembly 23 , and one side of the electrode assembly 23 has a tab 231 .
  • the fourth providing device 2400 is used for providing the current collecting member 24 , and the current collecting member 24 includes a body portion 241 and a connection portion 242 connected to the body portion 241 .
  • the first assembly device 2500 is used to connect the body part 241 to the tab 231 .
  • the second assembling device 2600 is used for accommodating the electrode assembly 23 and the current collecting member 24 in the casing 21 , and making the electrode assembly 23 located on one side of the first limiting portion 212 .
  • the third assembly device 2700 is used for connecting the connecting part 242 to the first limiting part 212 .
  • the fourth assembly device 2800 is used to cover the end cap 22 on the opening 211 , and make the end cap 22 located on the side of the first limiting portion 212 away from the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the body portion 241 includes a first welding zone 2411 and a second welding zone 2412, the first welding zone 2411 is located at the outer periphery of the second welding zone 2412, and the first welding zone 2411 and the second welding zone 2412 are connected to the body portion by the connecting portion 242.
  • the connection position of 241 is divided, and the first welding area 2411 and the second welding area 2412 are both welded to the tab 231 .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池及用电装置，属于电池技术领域。电池单体包括壳体、端盖、电极组件和集流构件。壳体具有开口，壳体的内侧面凸设有第一限位部。端盖盖合于开口。电极组件和端盖分别位于第一限位部的两侧，电极组件面向端盖的一侧具有极耳。集流构件包括本体部和连接于本体部的连接部，连接部连接于第一限位部。本体部包括第一焊接区和第二焊接区，第一焊接区位于第二焊接区的外周，第一焊接区与第二焊接区以连接部与本体部的连接位置分界，第一焊接区和第二焊接区均焊接于所述极耳。这种结构的电池单体能够减少极耳外圈和集流构件之间出现局部过流的现象，以降低电池单体极化和析锂的风险。

Description

电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池及用电装置。
背景技术
锂离子电池具有能量密度高、环境污染小、功率密度大、使用寿命长、适应范围广、自放电系数小等突出的优点，是现今世界上应用最为广泛的电池之一，也是新能源发展的重要组成部分。锂离子电池的电池单体是由正极极片、负极极片和隔膜通过卷绕或者叠片等方式组装成电极组件(裸电芯)，之后装入壳体，再盖上端盖，最后注入电解液后得到的。但是，随着锂离子电池技术的不断发展，对锂离子电池的质量和使用安全等也提出了更高的要求。然而，现有技术中的电池在后期进行使用过程中存在较大的安全隐患，从而不利于消费者的使用安全。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池及用电装置，能够有效降低电池在使用过程中的安全隐患。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，包括壳体、端盖、电极组件和集流构件；所述壳体具有开口，所述壳体的内侧面凸设有第一限位部；所述端盖盖合于所述开口；所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内，所述电极组件位于所述第一限位部背离所述端盖的一侧，且所述电极组件面向所述端盖的一侧具有极耳，所述第一限位部被配置为限制所述端盖沿面向所述电极组件的方向移动；所述集流构件容纳于所述壳体内，所述集流构件包括本体部和连接于所述本体部的连接部，所述本体部用于连接所述极耳，所述连接部用于连接所述第一限位部；其中，所述本体部包括第一焊接区和第二焊接区，所述第一焊接区位于所述第二焊接区的外周，所述第一焊接区与所述第二焊接区以所述连接部与所述本体部的连接位置分界，所述第一焊接区和所述第二焊接区均焊接于所述极耳。
在上述技术方案中，壳体的内侧面凸设有第一限位部，通过将电极组件和端盖分别设置于第一限位部的两侧，且将集流构件的连接部连接于第一限位部上，以通过集流构件实现了电极组件与壳体之间的电连接，采用这种结构的电池单体一方面能够有效提高集流构件与壳体之间的连接可靠性，从而有利于提高电极组件与壳体之间的电连接效果，另一方面能够实现集流构件与壳体之间的连接位置内置，也就是说，通过这种结构能够实现集流构件与壳体之间的连接位置位于端盖的一侧，从而能够减小对壳体的端盖与壳体之间的密封造成的影响，以保证端盖与壳体之间的密封效果。此外，通过将本体部被连接部分隔形成的第一焊接区和第二焊接区均焊接于电极组件的极耳上，从而能够有效保证极耳的外圈与集流构件之间的连接关系，以减少极耳外圈和集流构件之间出现局部过流的现象，进而能够有效降低电池单体在后期循环充放电的过程中产生极化和析锂的风险，以减少电池单体在后期使用过程中存在的安全隐患，有利于保证消费者的使用安全。
在一些实施例中，沿所述集流构件的径向，所述连接部与所述本体部的连接位置到所述本体部的外边缘的距离不小于2mm。
在上述技术方案中，通过将连接部与本体部的连接位置到本体部的外边缘的距离设置为大于或等于2mm，从而能够保证位于第二焊接区外周侧的第一焊接区具有足够的空间与极耳进行焊接，以满足第一焊接区的可焊接区域，进而有利于改善极耳的外圈无法与集流构件进行焊接的问题，以实现极耳的外圈与集流构件之间的连接。
在一些实施例中，所述连接部包括延伸段和连接段；所述延伸段连接于所述本体部，所述延伸段从所述本体部沿背离所述电极组件的方向延伸，所述延伸段至少部分位于所述第一限位部的内周侧；所述连接段连接于所述延伸段，所述连接段的至少部分抵靠于所述第一限位部背离所述电极组件的一侧并与所述第一限位部相连。
在上述技术方案中，连接部设置有延伸段和连接段，通过将延伸段设置于第一限位部的内周侧，且将连接段连接于延伸段的一端，以实现连接段能够抵靠于第一限位部背离电极组件的一侧并与第一限位部相连，从而能够保证集流构件与壳体的第一限位部之间的连接强度和连接稳定性，进而有利于提高集流构件与壳体之间的电连接效果，且有利于提升电池单体的使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，沿所述延伸段的延伸方向，所述延伸段的厚度从连接于所述本体部的一端到连接于所述连接段的一端逐渐减小。
在上述技术方案中，通过将延伸段的厚度设置为从连接于本体部的一端到连接于连接段的一端逐渐减小，也就是说，延伸段的厚度在越靠近连接段时就越小，从而采用这种结构的集流构件使得延伸段更容易沿集流构件的径向往靠近第一限位部的方向弯折，以便于连接段能够抵靠于第一限位部背离电极组件的一侧并与第一限位部相连，结构简单，且便于实现和加工。
在一些实施例中，所述延伸段从连接于所述本体部的一端到连接于所述连接段的一端沿圆弧轨迹延伸，所述圆弧轨迹的圆心位于所述延伸段的外周侧。
在上述技术方案中，通过将延伸段设置为从连接于本体部的一端到连接于连接段的一端成圆弧轨迹延伸的结构，也就是说，延伸段沿集流构件的径向往靠近第一限位部的方向弯折成圆弧结构，这种结构的延伸段一方面便于加工和制造，另一方面能够降低延伸段在弯折的过程中出现断裂的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述连接段与所述延伸段的连接位置形成有供所述连接段相对所述延伸段弯折的刻痕槽。
在上述技术方案中，通过在连接段与延伸段的连接位置形成刻痕槽，也就是说，连接段与延伸段之间形成了薄弱区，从而便于连接段相对延伸段沿集流构件的径向往靠近第一限位部的方向弯折，以使连接段能够抵靠于第一限位部背离电极组件的一侧并与第一限位部相连，结构简单，且便于实现。
在一些实施例中，所述延伸段的延伸方向与所述本体部的厚度方向一致。
在上述技术方案中，通过将延伸段的延伸方向设置为与本体部的厚度方向一致，以便于在延伸段和连接段的连接位置加工刻痕槽，从而有利于降低集流构件的制造难度。
在一些实施例中，所述第一限位部和所述连接部均为沿所述集流构件的周向布置的环形结构。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第一限位部和连接部均设置为沿集流构件的周向延伸的环形结构，有利于提升第一限位部和连接部的结构强度，从而能够有效提升电池单体的使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，所述连接段开设有多个缺口，多个所述缺口沿所述集流构件的周向间隔排布；沿所述集流构件的周向，所述连接段在每相邻的两个所述缺口之间形成能够相对所述延伸段向所述延伸段的外周侧弯折的弯折区。
在上述技术方案中，通过在连接段上开设多个缺口，且多个缺口沿连接段的周向间隔布置，以使每相邻的两个缺口之间能够形成用于连接于第一限位部的弯折区，采用这种结构的连接段一方面便于连接段相对延伸段弯折后连接于第一限位部背离电极组件的一侧上，另一方面能够有效缓解连接段在相对延伸段弯折后出现褶皱的现象。
在一些实施例中，所述连接段与所述第一限位部焊接并形成焊印，沿所述集流构件的周向，所述焊印的长度不小于所述第一限位部的周长的一半。
在上述技术方案中，通过将连接段与第一限位部焊接后形成的焊印在集流构件的周向上的长度设置为大于或等于第一限位部的周长的一半，也就是说，连接段与第一限位部的焊接长度不小于第一限位部的周长的一半，从而一方面有利于提高连接段与第一限位部之间的连接稳定性和可靠性，以提升电池单体的使用寿命和使用可靠性，另一方面能够保证连接段与第一限位部的导流面积，以降低连接段与第一限位部之间因过流过大而导致电池单体的内部出现温升的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述第一限位部背离所述电极组件的一侧形成供所述连接段抵靠的抵靠平面。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第一限位部背离电极组件的一侧设置为抵靠平面，也就是说，第一限位部供连接段抵靠和连接的一侧设置为平面的结构，采用这种结构的第一限位部便于供连接段抵靠和连接，且有利于增加连接段与第一限位部之间的连接面积和接触面积，以提升连接段与第一限位部之间的连接稳定性和导流稳定性。
在一些实施例中，所述电池单体还包括限位件；所述限位件容纳于所述壳体内，所述限位件至少部分位于所述壳体的内侧面与所述本体部的外侧面之间，以限制所述本体部沿所述集流构件的径向移动。
在上述技术方案中，通过在壳体的内侧面与本体部的外侧面之间设置限位件，以通过限位件能够对集流构件起到一定的限位作用，从而限制集流构件相对壳体径向窜动，以降低集流构件因相对壳体窜动而导致连接部与第一限位部出现脱落的风险，进而有利于保证电池单体的使用稳定性和可靠性，且能够有效提升电池单体的使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，所述限位件与所述本体部过盈配合。
在上述技术方案中，通过将本体部和限位件之间设置为过盈配合，这种结构一方面能够有效增加本体部与限位件之间的连接牢固性，从而能够更好地限制集流构件相对壳体进行径向窜动，另一方面还能够对集流构件相对壳体进行轴向窜动起到一定的限制作用。
在一些实施例中，所述限位件至少部分位于所述壳体的内侧面与所述极耳的外侧面之间，所述限位件具有与所述极耳的外侧面相契合的定位面。
在上述技术方案中，限位件设置有与极耳的外周面相互契合的定位面，以实现限位件与极耳之间的定位配合，从而通过限位件能够将集流构件定位于极耳上，以减少集流构件相对极耳出现径向窜动的现象，进而有利于降低集流构件与极耳之间出现脱焊的风险，以保证电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中，所述电池单体还包括密封件；所述密封件位于所述第一限位部背离所述电极组件的一侧，所述密封件用于密封所述端盖和所述壳体。
在上述技术方案中，电池单体还设置有用于密封端盖与壳体之间的间隙的密封件，且密封件设置于第一限位部背离电极组件的一侧，以实现集流构件与壳体的连接位置位于端盖的一侧，从而有利于减小集流构件与壳体的连接位置对端盖与壳体之间的密封造成的干扰，进而有利于保证端盖与壳体之间的密封效果。
在一些实施例中，所述壳体的外侧面与所述第一限位部相对应的位置设置有辊槽。
在上述技术方案中，通过在壳体的外侧面上设置辊槽，从而使得在形成辊槽的过程中，壳体在与辊槽相对应的位置能够形成第一限位部，以简化第一限位部的成型工艺，进而便于对第一限位部进行制造和加工。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电池，包括多个上述的电池单体。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供一种用电装置，包括上述的电池。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电池单体的制造方法，包括：
提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口，所述壳体的内侧面凸设有第一限位部；
提供端盖；
提供电极组件，所述电极组件的一侧具有极耳；
提供集流构件，所述集流构件包括本体部和连接于所述本体部的连接部；
将所述本体部连接于所述极耳；
将所述电极组件和所述集流构件容纳于所述壳体内，并使所述电极组件位于所述第一限位部的一侧；
将所述连接部连接于所述第一限位部；
将所述端盖盖合于所述开口，并使所述端盖位于所述第一限位部背离所述电极组件的一侧；
其中，所述本体部包括第一焊接区和第二焊接区，所述第一焊接区位于所述第二焊接区的外周，所述第一焊接区与所述第二焊接区以所述连接部与所述本体部的连接位置分界，所述第一焊接区和所述第二焊接区均焊接于所述极耳。
第五方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电池单体的制造设备，包括第一提供装置、第二提供装置、第三提供装置、第四提供装置、第一组装装置、第二组装装置、第三组装装置和第四组装装置；所述第一提供装置用于提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口，所述壳体的内侧面凸设有第一限位部；所述第二提供装置用于提供端盖；所述第三提供装置用于提供电极组件，所述电极组件的一侧具有极耳；所述第四提供装置用于提供集流构件，所述集流构件包括本体部和连接于所述本体部的连接部；所述第一组装装置用于将所述本体部连接于所述极耳；所述第二组装装置用于将所述电极组件和所述集流构件容纳于所述壳体内，并使所述电极组件位于所述第一限位部的一侧；所述第三组装装置用于将所述连接部连接于所述第一限位部；所述第四组装装置用于将所述端盖盖合于所述开口，并使所述端盖位于所述第一限位部背离所述电极组件的一侧；其中，所述本体部包括第一焊接区和第二焊接区，所述第一焊接区位于所述第二焊接区的外周，所述第一焊接区与所述第二焊接区以所述连接部与所述本体部的连接位置分界，所述第一焊接区和所述第二焊接区均焊接于所述极耳。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构爆炸图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的结构爆炸图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供电池单体的剖面图；
图5为图4所示的电池单体的A处的局部放大图；
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的集流构件的结构示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的集流构件的剖面图；
图8为本申请又一些实施例提供的电池单体的剖面图；
图9为图8所示的电池单体的B处的局部放大图；
图10为本申请又一些实施例提供的集流构件的结构示意图；
图11为本申请又一些实施例提供的集流构件的剖面图；
图12为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造方法的流程示意图；
图13为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造设备的示意性框图。
图标：1000-车辆；100-电池；10-箱体；11-第一部分；12-第二部分；20-电池单体；21-壳体；211-开口；212-第一限位部；2121-抵靠平面；213-第二限位部；214-辊槽；22-端盖；23-电极组件；231-极耳；24-集流构件；241-本体部；2411-第一焊接区；2412-第二焊接区；242-连接部；2421-延伸段；2422-连接段；2423-刻痕槽；2424-缺口；25-电极端子；26-限位件；27-密封件；200-控制器；300-马达；2000-制造设备；2100-第一提供装置；2200-第二提供装置；2300-第三提供装置；2400-第四提供装置；2500-第一组装装置；2600-第二组装装置；2700-第三组装装置；2800-第四组装装置。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体或多个电池模块的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括壳体、电极组件和电解液，壳体用于容纳电极组件和电解液。电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。
隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组 件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池具有能量密度高、环境污染小、功率密度大、使用寿命长、适应范围广、自放电系数小等突出的优点，是新能源发展的重要组成部分。电池的电池单体是由正极极片、负极极片和隔膜通过卷绕或者叠片等方式组装成电极组件(裸电芯)，之后装入壳体，再盖上端盖，最后注入电解液后得到的。但是，随着电池技术的不断发展，对电池的质量和使用安全等也提出了更高的要求。因此，电池单体的安全性能决定了电池在使用过程中的安全性。
发明人发现，对于一般的电池单体而言，电极组件需要与壳体电连接，以使壳体作为电池单体的正输出极或负输出极，为了便于电极组件的极耳与壳体进行电连接，通常采用在壳体内设置集流构件，集流构件连接于壳体和电极组件的极耳(极耳为全极耳，在揉平后与集流构件相连)，以实现电极组件与壳体之间的电连接。在现有技术中，为了保证电极组件与壳体之间的电连接效果，通常在壳体的内侧壁上设置凸起，且在集流构件上对应设置用于与凸起焊接的凸台，以保证电极组件与壳体之间的电连接效果，且能够实现集流构件与壳体之间的焊印内置，从而能够减小焊印对壳体的端盖与壳体之间的密封影响。但是，在这种结构的电池单体中，电极组件的极耳外圈未与集流构件进行焊接，从而使得极耳外圈和集流构件之间存在局部过流的现象，以导致电池单体在后期循环充放电的过程中极容易出现极化现象，更甚者会出现析锂的现象，进而造成电池单体在后期使用过程中存在较大的安全隐患。
基于上述考虑，为了解决电池单体在后期使用过程中存在较大的安全隐患，从而不利于消费者的使用安全的问题，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种电池单体，电池单体包括壳体、端盖、电极组件和集流构件。壳体设置有开口，且壳体的内侧面凸设有第一限位部。端盖盖合于壳体的开口处。电极组件设置于壳体内，且位于第一限位部背离端盖的一侧。集流构件容纳于壳体内，集流构件包括本体部和连接于本体部的连接部，本体部连接于电极组件的极耳，连接部连接于第一限位部。其中，本体部包括第一焊接区和第二焊接区，第一焊接区和第二焊接区以连接部与本体部的连接位置分界，且第一焊接区位于第二焊接区的外周侧，第一焊接区和第二焊接区均焊接于电极组件的极耳。
在上述的电池单体中，壳体的内侧面凸设有第一限位部，通过将电极组件和端盖分别设置于第一限位部的两侧，且将集流构件的连接部连接于第一限位部上，以通过集流构件实现了电极组件与壳体之间的电连接，采用这种结构的电池单体一方面能够有效提高集流构件与壳体之间的连接可靠性，从而有利于提高电极组件与壳体之间的电连接效果，另一方面能够实现集流构件与壳体之间的连接位置内置，也就是说，通过这种结构能够实现集流构件与壳体之间的连接位置位于端盖的一侧，从而能够减小对壳体的端盖与壳体之间的密封造成的影响，以保证端盖与壳体之间的密封效果。
此外，通过将本体部被连接部分隔形成的第一焊接区和第二焊接区均焊接于电极组件的极耳上，从而能够有效保证极耳的外圈与集流构件之间的连接关系，以减少极耳外圈和集流构件之间出现局部过流的现象，进而能够有效降低电池单体在后期循环充放电的过程中产生极化和析锂的风险，以减少电池单体在后期使用过程中存在的安全隐患，有利于保证消费者的使用安全。
本申请实施例公开的电池单体可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池单体、电池等组成该用电装置的电源系统，这样，能够有效降低电池单体出现极化和析锂的风险，以提升电池的使用安全性。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的结构爆炸图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20用于容纳于箱体10内。其中，箱体10用于为电池单体20提供装配空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，第一部分11和第二部分12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的装配空间。第二部分12可以为一端开放的空心结构，第一部分11可以为板状结构，第一部分11盖合于第二部分12的开放侧，以使第一部分11与第二部分12共同限定出装配空间；第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是均为一侧开放的空心结构，第一部分11的开放侧盖合于第二部 分12的开放侧。当然，第一部分11和第二部分12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。示例性的，在图2中，电池单体20为圆柱形。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图3、图4和图5，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的结构爆炸图，图4为本申请一些实施例提供电池单体20的剖面图，图5为图4所示的电池单体20的A处的局部放大图。本申请提供了一种电池单体20，电池单体20包括壳体21、端盖22、电极组件23和集流构件24。壳体21具有开口211，壳体21的内侧面凸设有第一限位部212。端盖22盖合于开口211。电极组件23容纳于壳体21内，电极组件23位于第一限位部212背离端盖22的一侧，且电极组件23面向端盖22的一侧具有极耳231，第一限位部212被配置为限制端盖22沿面向电极组件23的方向移动。集流构件24容纳于壳体21内，集流构件24包括本体部241和连接于本体部241的连接部242，本体部241用于连接极耳231，连接部242用于连接第一限位部212。其中，如图6所示，图6为本申请一些实施例提供的集流构件24的结构示意图。本体部241包括第一焊接区2411和第二焊接区2412，第一焊接区2411位于第二焊接区2412的外周，第一焊接区2411与第二焊接区2412以连接部242与本体部241的连接位置分界，第一焊接区2411和第二焊接区2412均焊接于极耳231。
其中，第一焊接区2411位于第二焊接区2412的外周，第一焊接区2411与第二焊接区2412以连接部242与本体部241的连接位置分界，即本体部241上形成有均与极耳231焊接的两个区域，两个区域分别为第一焊接区2411和第二焊接区2412，第一焊接区2411和第二焊接区2412被连接部242与本体部241的连接位置分隔，且第一焊接区2411位于连接部242的外周侧，第二焊接区2412位于连接部242的内周侧。
示例性的，本体部241的第一焊接区2411和第二焊接区2412均采用激光焊接的方式焊接于电极组件23的极耳231上。
示例性的，集流构件24的本体部241为圆形盘状结构。
可选地，壳体21还可以用于容纳电解质，例如电解液。壳体21可以是多种结构形式。壳体21的材质也可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
在组装电池单体20时，可先将电极组件23放入壳体21内，并向壳体21内填充电解质，再将端盖22盖合于壳体21的开口211并形成密封连接，以形成用于容纳电极组件23和电解质的密封空间。
壳体21可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体21的形状可根据电极组件23的具体形状来确定。比如，若电极组件23为圆柱体结构，则可选用为圆柱体结构；若电极组件23为长方体结构，则可选用长方体结构。当然，端盖22也可以是多种结构，比如，端盖22为板状结构、一端开口211的空心结构等。示例性的，在图3中，电极组件23为圆柱形结构，则壳体21为圆柱形壳体21。
可理解的，电池单体20并不仅仅局限于上述结构，电池单体20也可以是其他结构，比如，电池单体20包括壳体21和两个端盖22，壳体21为相对的两侧开口211的空心结构，一个端盖22对应盖合于壳体21的一个开口211处并形成密封连接，以形成用于容纳电极组件23和电解质的密封空间。在壳体21为一端开口211的空心结构的实施例中，参见图4所示，壳体21背离端盖22的一端可以设置电极端子25，电极端子25与壳体21绝缘连接，即电极端子25与壳体21未形成电流导通，电极组件23的两端均具有极耳231(分别为正极极耳和负极极耳)，两个极耳231中的一者通过集流构件24与壳体21电连接，另一者与电极端子25电连接。当然，极耳231与电极端子25可以直接连接，比如焊接或抵接，也可以通过其他部件连接，比如，极耳231先与其他部件焊接或抵接后，再与电极端子25焊接或抵接。
电极组件23是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件23可以包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜。电极组件23可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构，也可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过层叠布置形成的层叠式结构。示例性的，在图3中，电极组件23为由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构。
在一些实施例中，电池单体20还可以包括泄压机构，泄压机构安装于端盖22上，也可以安装于壳体21上。泄压机构用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到预定值时泄放电池单体20内部的压力。
示例性的，泄压机构可以是诸如防爆阀、防爆片、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等部件。
壳体21的内侧面凸设有第一限位部212，通过将电极组件23和端盖22分别设置于第一限位部212的两侧，且将集流构件24的连接部242连接于第一限位部212上，以通过集流构件24实现了电极组件23与壳体21之 间的电连接，采用这种结构的电池单体20一方面能够有效提高集流构件24与壳体21之间的连接可靠性，从而有利于提高电极组件23与壳体21之间的电连接效果，另一方面能够实现集流构件24与壳体21之间的连接位置内置，也就是说，通过这种结构能够实现集流构件24与壳体21之间的连接位置位于端盖22的一侧，从而能够减小对壳体21的端盖22与壳体21之间的密封造成的影响，以保证端盖22与壳体21之间的密封效果。此外，通过将本体部241被连接部242分隔形成的第一焊接区2411和第二焊接区2412均焊接于电极组件23的极耳231上，从而能够有效保证极耳231的外圈与集流构件24之间的连接关系，以减少极耳231外圈和集流构件24之间出现局部过流的现象，进而能够有效降低电池单体20在后期循环充放电的过程中产生极化和析锂的风险，以减少电池单体20在后期使用过程中存在的安全隐患，有利于保证消费者的使用安全。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图5和图6所示，沿集流构件24的径向，连接部242与本体部241的连接位置到本体部241的外边缘的距离不小于2mm。
其中，在集流构件24的径向上，连接部242与本体部241的连接位置和本体部241的外边缘的间距不小于2mm，即从集流构件24的中心位置指向集流构件24的边缘的方向上或从集流构件24的边缘指向集流构件24的中心位置的方向上，连接部242与本体部241的连接位置和本体部241的外边缘之间的距离大于或等于2mm。
示例性的，沿集流构件24的径向，连接部242与本体部241的连接位置到本体部241的外边缘的距离为5mm。
通过将连接部242与本体部241的连接位置到本体部241的外边缘的距离设置为大于或等于2mm，从而能够保证位于第二焊接区2412外周侧的第一焊接区2411具有足够的空间与极耳231进行焊接，以满足第一焊接区2411的可焊接区域，进而有利于改善极耳231的外圈无法与集流构件24进行焊接的问题，以实现极耳231的外圈与集流构件24之间的连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图5和图6，并请进一步参照图7，图7为本申请一些实施例提供的集流构件24的剖面图。连接部242包括延伸段2421和连接段2422。延伸段2421连接于本体部241，延伸段2421从本体部241沿背离电极组件23的方向延伸，延伸段2421至少部分位于第一限位部212的内周侧。连接段2422连接于延伸段2421，连接段2422的至少部分抵靠于第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧并与第一限位部212相连。
其中，连接段2422连接于延伸段2421的延伸方向上远离延伸段2421与本体部241的连接位置的一端，且延伸段2421延伸出第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧，以使连接段2422能够抵靠并连接于第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧。
可选地，连接段2422连接于第一限位部212，以实现连接段2422与第一限位部212之间的电连接，连接段2422和第一限位部212之间可以是相互焊接，也可以是相互接触，以使连接段2422与第一限位部212形成电连接，从而实现电极组件23与壳体21之间电流导通。
示例性的，连接段2422焊接于第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧。
连接部242设置有延伸段2421和连接段2422，通过将延伸段2421设置于第一限位部212的内周侧，且将连接段2422连接于延伸段2421的一端，以实现连接段2422能够抵靠于第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧并与第一限位部212相连，从而能够保证集流构件24与壳体21的第一限位部212之间的连接强度和连接稳定性，进而有利于提高集流构件24与壳体21之间的电连接效果，且有利于提升电池单体20的使用寿命。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图6和图7所示，沿延伸段2421的延伸方向，延伸段2421的厚度从连接于本体部241的一端到连接于连接段2422的一端逐渐减小。
其中，沿延伸段2421的延伸方向，延伸段2421的厚度从连接于本体部241的一端到连接于连接段2422的一端逐渐减小，即延伸段2421的厚度从连接于本体部241的一端在越靠近连接段2422时就越小。
可选地，延伸段2421连接于本体部241的一端的厚度为延伸段2421连接于连接段2422的一端的厚度的两倍。示例性的，延伸段2421连接于本体部241的一端的厚度为0.4mm，延伸段2421连接于连接段2422的一端的厚度为0.2mm。
通过将延伸段2421的厚度设置为从连接于本体部241的一端到连接于连接段2422的一端逐渐减小，从而使得延伸段2421更容易沿集流构件24的径向往靠近第一限位部212的方向弯折，以便于连接段2422能够抵靠于第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧并与第一限位部212相连，结构简单，且便于实现和加工。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请继续参见图6和图7，延伸段2421从连接于本体部241的一端到连接于连接段2422的一端沿圆弧轨迹延伸，圆弧轨迹的圆心位于延伸段2421的外周侧。
在上述描述中，延伸段2421从连接于本体部241的一端到连接于连接段2422的一端沿圆弧轨迹延伸，即延伸段2421沿集流构件24的径向往靠近第一限位部212的方向弯折成圆弧结构，且圆弧结构的圆心在集流构件24的径向上位于延伸段2421靠近第一限位部212的一侧，也就是说，延伸段2421的截面为沿集流构件24的径向往靠近第一限位部212的方向翻折的结构。
通过将延伸段2421设置为从连接于本体部241的一端到连接于连接段2422的一端成圆弧轨迹延伸的结构，一方面便于加工和制造，另一方面能够降低延伸段2421在弯折的过程中出现断裂的风险。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图8-图11所示，图8为本申请又一些实施例提供的电池单体20的剖面图，图9为图8所示的电池单体20的B处的局部放大图，图10为本申请又一些实施例提供的集流构件24的结构示意图，图11为本申请又一些实施例提供的集流构件24的剖面图。连接段2422与延伸段2421的连接位置形成有供连接段2422相对延伸段2421弯折的刻痕槽2423。
其中，连接段2422与延伸段2421的连接位置形成有供连接段2422相对延伸段2421弯折的刻痕槽2423，即连接部242的外侧面上开设有刻痕槽2423，且刻痕槽2423位于连接段2422和延伸段2421的连接位置处，也就是说，连接段2422与延伸段2421之间形成了薄弱区。
示例性的，在图9中，刻痕槽2423的深度为0.1mm，且刻痕槽2423为V型槽。当然，在其他实施例中，刻痕槽2423的深度也可以为其他深度，比如，0.08mm、0.12mm、或0.15mm等。同样的，在其他实施例中，刻痕槽2423的结构也可以为U型槽结构等。
通过在连接段2422与延伸段2421的连接位置形成刻痕槽2423，以便于连接段2422相对延伸段2421沿集流构件24的径向往靠近第一限位部212的方向弯折，从而使得连接段2422能够抵靠于第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧并与第一限位部212相连，结构简单，且便于实现。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图11所示，延伸段2421的延伸方向与本体部241的厚度方向一致。
示例性的，沿延伸段2421的延伸方向，延伸段2421的厚度从连接于本体部241的一端到连接于连接段2422的一端保持不变。当然，在一些实施例中，也可以将延伸段2421的厚度设置为从连接于本体部241的一端到连接于连接段2422的一端逐渐减小的结构。
通过将延伸段2421的延伸方向设置为与本体部241的厚度方向一致，以便于在延伸段2421和连接段2422的连接位置加工刻痕槽2423，从而有利于降低集流构件24的制造难度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图5和图6所示，第一限位部212和连接部242均为沿集流构件24的周向布置的环形结构。
其中，集流构件24的周向为以集流构件24的中心位置的圆周方向，即第一限位部212和连接部242均为以集流构件24的中心位置环绕的结构。
通过将第一限位部212和连接部242均设置为沿集流构件24的周向延伸的环形结构，有利于提升第一限位部212和连接部242的结构强度，从而能够有效提升电池单体20的使用寿命。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图6所示，连接段2422开设有多个缺口2424，多个缺口2424沿集流构件24的周向间隔排布。沿集流构件24的周向，连接段2422在每相邻的两个缺口2424之间形成能够相对延伸段2421向延伸段2421的外周侧弯折的弯折区。
其中，沿集流构件24的周向，连接段2422在每相邻的两个缺口2424之间形成有弯折区，即通过开设于连接段2422上的多个缺口2424将连接段2422分隔为沿集流构件24的周向间隔布置的多个部分，每个部分即为能够相对延伸段2421进行弯折的弯折区，也就是说，连接段2422为沿集流构件24的周向延伸的非连续结构。
示例性的，在图6中，连接段2422上开设有八个缺口2424，八个缺口2424沿集流构件24的周向均匀且间隔排布。当然，在其他实施例中，设置于连接段2422上的缺口2424的数量也可以为六个、七个、九个或十个等。
通过在连接段2422上开设多个缺口2424，且多个缺口2424沿连接段2422的周向间隔布置，以使每相邻的两个缺口2424之间能够形成用于连接于第一限位部212的弯折区，采用这种结构的连接段2422一方面便于连接段2422相对延伸段2421弯折后连接于第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧上，另一方面能够有效缓解连接段2422在相对延伸段2421弯折后出现褶皱的现象。
进一步地，连接段2422与第一限位部212焊接并形成焊印，沿集流构件24的周向，焊印的长度不小于第一限位部212的周长的一半。
在上述描述中，沿集流构件24的周向，焊印的长度不小于第一限位部212的周长的一半，即连接段2422与第一限位部212的焊接总长度在集流构件24的周向上不小于第一限位部212的周长的一半。
通过将连接段2422与第一限位部212焊接后形成的焊印在集流构件24的周向上的长度设置为大于或等于第一限位部212的周长的一半，从而一方面有利于提高连接段2422与第一限位部212之间的连接稳定性和可靠性，以提升电池单体20的使用寿命和使用可靠性，另一方面能够保证连接段2422与第一限位部212的导流面积，以降低连接段2422与第一限位部212之间因过流过大而导致电池单体20的内部出现温升的风险。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图5和图6所示，第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧形成供连接 段2422抵靠的抵靠平面2121。
其中，第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧形成有抵靠平面2121，也就是说，第一限位部212供连接段2422抵靠和连接的一侧为平面的结构。
可选地，抵靠平面2121、本体部241以及连接段2422相互平行，且在集流构件24的径向上，连接部242连接于第一限位部212的抵靠平面2121上的长度大于或等于1mm。
通过将第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧设置为抵靠平面2121，从而便于供连接段2422抵靠和连接，且有利于增加连接段2422与第一限位部212之间的连接面积和接触面积，以提升连接段2422与第一限位部212之间的连接稳定性和导流稳定性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图3、图4和图5所示，电池单体20还可以包括限位件26。限位件26容纳于壳体21内，限位件26至少部分位于壳体21的内侧面与本体部241的外侧面之间，以限制本体部241沿集流构件24的径向移动。
可选地，限位件26位于壳体21的内侧面与本体部241的外侧面之间的部分为沿集流构件24的周向延伸的环形结构，即限位件26面向端盖22的一侧开设有用于容纳集流构件24的本体部241的第一限位槽。当然，在其他实施例中，限位件26也可以为其他结构，比如，限位件26面向端盖22的一侧凸设有多个凸起，多个凸起沿集流构件24的周向间隔布置，且凸起延伸至壳体21的内侧面与本体部241的外侧面之间。
示例性的，限位件26的材质可以为聚酰亚胺、聚乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯或聚四氟乙烯等。
通过在壳体21的内侧面与本体部241的外侧面之间设置限位件26，以通过限位件26能够对集流构件24起到一定的限位作用，从而限制集流构件24相对壳体21径向窜动，以降低集流构件24因相对壳体21窜动而导致连接部242与第一限位部212出现脱落的风险，进而有利于保证电池单体20的使用稳定性和可靠性，且能够有效提升电池单体20的使用寿命。
进一步地，限位件26与本体部241过盈配合。
在上述描述中，限位件26与本体部241过盈配合，即限位件26用于容纳集流构件24的本体部241的第一限位槽的槽壁与本体部241过盈配合，也就是说，在集流构件24的径向上，第一限位槽的直径小于本体部241的直径。
示例性的，第一限位槽的直径小于本体部241的直径的0.1mm。
通过将本体部241和限位件26之间设置为过盈配合，这种结构一方面能够有效增加本体部241与限位件26之间的连接牢固性，从而能够更好地限制集流构件24相对壳体21进行径向窜动，另一方面还能够对集流构件24相对壳体21进行轴向窜动起到一定的限制作用。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图5所示，限位件26至少部分位于壳体21的内侧面与极耳231的外侧面之间，限位件26具有与极耳231的外侧面相契合的定位面。
其中，限位件26至少部分位于壳体21的内侧面与极耳231的外侧面之间，即限位件26面向电极组件23的一侧开设有用于容纳电极组件23的极耳231的第二限位槽，且第二限位槽的槽底壁与第一限位槽的槽底壁贯通，以使本体部241能够与极耳231焊接。限位件26具有与极耳231的外侧面相契合的定位面，即第二限位槽的槽侧壁的形状与极耳231的外侧面的形状相同，且极耳231的外侧面抵靠于第二限位槽的槽侧壁上。
限位件26设置有与极耳231的外周面相互契合的定位面，以实现限位件26与极耳231之间的定位配合，从而通过限位件26能够将集流构件24定位于极耳231上，以减少集流构件24相对极耳231出现径向窜动的现象，进而有利于降低集流构件24与极耳231之间出现脱焊的风险，以保证电池单体20的使用可靠性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图3、图4和图5所示，电池单体20还可以包括密封件27。密封件27位于第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧，密封件27用于密封端盖22和壳体21。
其中，端盖22位于壳体21的内部，且密封件27的至少部分位于端盖22的外侧面与壳体21的内侧面之间，从而通过密封件27对端盖22进行径向密封，以密封端盖22和壳体21之间的间隙。
示例性的，密封件27的材质可以为聚酰亚胺、聚乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯或聚四氟乙烯等。
可选地，在图5中，壳体21在开口211的一端还可以设置有第二限位部213，第二限位部213用于限制端盖22沿背离电极组件23的方向脱离壳体21，且密封件27位于第一限位部212和第二限位部213之间。
示例性的，第二限位部213可以是壳体21局部向内翻折的翻边结构，通过翻折壳体21的方式则可以在壳体21的开口211位置形成第二限位部213。在组装电池单体20的过程中，可先将电极组件23和集流构件24容纳于壳体21内，在对壳体21进行加工，以形成第一限位部212，再将端盖22和密封件27整体抵靠于第一限位部212，最后再通过翻折壳体21的方式形成第二限位部213，以限制端盖22。
示例性的，密封件27的截面为U型结构，且端盖22沿集流构件24的径向插设于密封件27的U型槽内，以使密封件27的部分位于端盖22与第一限位部212之间和端盖22与第二限位部213之间，这种结构有利于提高端盖22与壳体21之间的密封效果。
电池单体20还设置有用于密封端盖22与壳体21之间的间隙的密封件27，且密封件27设置于第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧，以实现集流构件24与壳体21的连接位置位于端盖22的一侧，从而有利于减小集流构件24与壳体21的连接位置对端盖22与壳体21之间的密封造成的干扰，进而有利于保证端盖22与壳体21之间的密封效果。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图4和图5所示，壳体21的外侧面与第一限位部212相对应的位置设置有辊槽214。
示例性的，辊槽214为V型槽，以形成V型结构的第一限位部212。在其他实施例中，辊槽214也可以为U型槽等。
在第一限位部212为沿集流构件24的周向延伸的环形结构的实施例中，辊槽214也可以为沿集流构件24的周向延伸的环形结构。
通过在壳体21的外侧面上设置辊槽214，从而使得在形成辊槽214的过程中，壳体21在与辊槽214相对应的位置能够形成第一限位部212，以简化第一限位部212的成型工艺，进而便于对第一限位部212进行制造和加工。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种电池100，包括多个以上任一方案的电池单体20。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，包括以上任一方案的电池100，并且电池100用于为用电装置提供电能。
用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池100的设备或系统。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参见图3-图7所示，本申请提供了一种电池单体20，包括壳体21、端盖22、电极组件23、集流构件24和密封件27。壳体21具有开口211，且壳体21的内侧面凸设有第一限位部212，第一限位部212为沿壳体21的周向延伸的环形结构。端盖22盖合于开口211，电极组件23容纳于壳体21内，电极组件23和端盖22分别位于第一限位部212的两侧，且电极组件23面向端盖22的一侧具有极耳231，第一限位部212被配置为限制端盖22沿面向电极组件23的方向移动。集流构件24包括本体部241和连接于本体部241的连接部242，本体部241用于连接极耳231，连接部242用于连接第一限位部212。本体部241包括第一焊接区2411和第二焊接区2412，第一焊接区2411位于第二焊接区2412的外周，第一焊接区2411与第二焊接区2412以连接部242与本体部241的连接位置分界，第一焊接区2411和第二焊接区2412均焊接于极耳231，其中，沿集流构件24的径向，连接部242与本体部241的连接位置到本体部241的外边缘的距离不小于2mm。连接部242包括延伸段2421和连接段2422，延伸段2421连接于本体部241，延伸段2421的厚度从连接于本体部241的一端到连接于连接段2422的一端逐渐减小，且延伸段2421从连接于本体部241的一端到连接于连接段2422的一端沿圆弧轨迹延伸，圆弧轨迹的圆心位于延伸段2421的外周侧。连接段2422连接于延伸段2421，且连接段2422焊接于第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧，其中，连接段2422开设有沿集流构件24的周向间隔排布的多个缺口2424，且连接段2422焊接于第一限位部212的长度在集流构件24的周向上大于或等于第一限位部212的周长的一半。
本申请实施例还提供一种电池单体20的制造方法，请参照图12，图12为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的制造方法的流程示意图。该制造方法包括：
S100：提供壳体21，壳体21具有开口211，壳体21的内侧面凸设有第一限位部212；
S200：提供端盖22；
S300：提供电极组件23，电极组件23的一侧具有极耳231；
S400：提供集流构件24，集流构件24包括本体部241和连接于本体部241的连接部242；
S500：将本体部241连接于极耳231；
S600：将电极组件23和集流构件24容纳于壳体21内，并使电极组件23位于第一限位部212的一侧；
S700：将连接部242连接于第一限位部212；
S800：将端盖22盖合于开口211，并使端盖22位于第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧；
其中，本体部241包括第一焊接区2411和第二焊接区2412，第一焊接区2411位于第二焊接区2412的外周，第一焊接区2411与第二焊接区2412以连接部242与本体部241的连接位置分界，第一焊接区2411和第二焊接区2412均焊接于极耳231。
需要说明的是，通过上述各实施例提供的制造方法制造的电池单体20的相关结构，可参见前述各实施例 提供的电池单体20，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种电池单体20的制造设备2000，请参照图13，图13为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的制造设备2000的示意性框图。制造设备2000包括第一提供装置2100、第二提供装置2200、第三提供装置2300、第四提供装置2400、第一组装装置2500、第二组装装置2600、第三组装装置2700和第四组装装置2800。
第一提供装置2100用于提供壳体21，壳体21具有开口211，壳体21的内侧面凸设有第一限位部212。第二提供装置2200用于提供端盖22。第三提供装置2300用于提供电极组件23，电极组件23的一侧具有极耳231。第四提供装置2400用于提供集流构件24，集流构件24包括本体部241和连接于本体部241的连接部242。第一组装装置2500用于将本体部241连接于极耳231。第二组装装置2600用于将电极组件23和集流构件24容纳于壳体21内，并使电极组件23位于第一限位部212的一侧。第三组装装置2700用于将连接部242连接于第一限位部212。第四组装装置2800用于将端盖22盖合于开口211，并使端盖22位于第一限位部212背离电极组件23的一侧。其中，本体部241包括第一焊接区2411和第二焊接区2412，第一焊接区2411位于第二焊接区2412的外周，第一焊接区2411与第二焊接区2412以连接部242与本体部241的连接位置分界，第一焊接区2411和第二焊接区2412均焊接于极耳231。
需要说明的是，通过上述实施例提供的制造设备2000制造的电池单体20的相关结构，可参见前述各实施例提供的电池单体20，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电池单体，包括：
    壳体，所述壳体具有开口，所述壳体的内侧面凸设有第一限位部；
    端盖，所述端盖盖合于所述开口；
    电极组件，所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内，所述电极组件位于所述第一限位部背离所述端盖的一侧，且所述电极组件面向所述端盖的一侧具有极耳，所述第一限位部被配置为限制所述端盖沿面向所述电极组件的方向移动；以及
    集流构件，所述集流构件容纳于所述壳体内，所述集流构件包括本体部和连接于所述本体部的连接部，所述本体部用于连接所述极耳，所述连接部用于连接所述第一限位部；
    其中，所述本体部包括第一焊接区和第二焊接区，所述第一焊接区位于所述第二焊接区的外周，所述第一焊接区与所述第二焊接区以所述连接部与所述本体部的连接位置分界，所述第一焊接区和所述第二焊接区均焊接于所述极耳。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述集流构件的径向，所述连接部与所述本体部的连接位置到所述本体部的外边缘的距离不小于2mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接部包括：
    延伸段，所述延伸段连接于所述本体部，所述延伸段从所述本体部沿背离所述电极组件的方向延伸，所述延伸段至少部分位于所述第一限位部的内周侧；
    连接段，所述连接段连接于所述延伸段，所述连接段的至少部分抵靠于所述第一限位部背离所述电极组件的一侧并与所述第一限位部相连。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述延伸段的延伸方向，所述延伸段的厚度从连接于所述本体部的一端到连接于所述连接段的一端逐渐减小。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其中，所述延伸段从连接于所述本体部的一端到连接于所述连接段的一端沿圆弧轨迹延伸，所述圆弧轨迹的圆心位于所述延伸段的外周侧。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接段与所述延伸段的连接位置形成有供所述连接段相对所述延伸段弯折的刻痕槽。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体，其中，所述延伸段的延伸方向与所述本体部的厚度方向一致。
  8. 根据权利要求3-7任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一限位部和所述连接部均为沿所述集流构件的周向布置的环形结构。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接段开设有多个缺口，多个所述缺口沿所述集流构件的周向间隔排布；
    沿所述集流构件的周向，所述连接段在每相邻的两个所述缺口之间形成能够相对所述延伸段向所述延伸段的外周侧弯折的弯折区。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接段与所述第一限位部焊接并形成焊印，沿所述集流构件的周向，所述焊印的长度不小于所述第一限位部的周长的一半。
  11. 根据权利要求3-10任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一限位部背离所述电极组件的一侧形成供所述连接段抵靠的抵靠平面。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括：
    限位件，所述限位件容纳于所述壳体内，所述限位件至少部分位于所述壳体的内侧面与所述本体部的外侧面之间，以限制所述本体部沿所述集流构件的径向移动。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池单体，其中，所述限位件与所述本体部过盈配合。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的电池单体，其中，所述限位件至少部分位于所述壳体的内侧面与所述极耳的外侧面之间，所述限位件具有与所述极耳的外侧面相契合的定位面。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括：
    密封件，所述密封件位于所述第一限位部背离所述电极组件的一侧，所述密封件用于密封所述端盖和所述壳体。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述壳体的外侧面与所述第一限位部相对应的位置设置有辊槽。
  17. 一种电池，包括多个根据权利要求1-16任一项所述的电池单体。
  18. 一种用电装置，包括根据权利要求17所述的电池。
  19. 一种电池单体的制造方法，包括：
    提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口，所述壳体的内侧面凸设有第一限位部；
    提供端盖；
    提供电极组件，所述电极组件的一侧具有极耳；
    提供集流构件，所述集流构件包括本体部和连接于所述本体部的连接部；
    将所述本体部连接于所述极耳；
    将所述电极组件和所述集流构件容纳于所述壳体内，并使所述电极组件位于所述第一限位部的一侧；
    将所述连接部连接于所述第一限位部；
    将所述端盖盖合于所述开口，并使所述端盖位于所述第一限位部背离所述电极组件的一侧；
    其中，所述本体部包括第一焊接区和第二焊接区，所述第一焊接区位于所述第二焊接区的外周，所述第一焊接区与所述第二焊接区以所述连接部与所述本体部的连接位置分界，所述第一焊接区和所述第二焊接区均焊接于所述极耳。
  20. 一种电池单体的制造设备，包括：
    第一提供装置，所述第一提供装置用于提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口，所述壳体的内侧面凸设有第一限位部；
    第二提供装置，所述第二提供装置用于提供端盖；
    第三提供装置，所述第三提供装置用于提供电极组件，所述电极组件的一侧具有极耳；
    第四提供装置，所述第四提供装置用于提供集流构件，所述集流构件包括本体部和连接于所述本体部的连接部；
    第一组装装置，所述第一组装装置用于将所述本体部连接于所述极耳；
    第二组装装置，所述第二组装装置用于将所述电极组件和所述集流构件容纳于所述壳体内，并使所述电极组件位于所述第一限位部的一侧；
    第三组装装置，所述第三组装装置用于将所述连接部连接于所述第一限位部；以及
    第四组装装置，所述第四组装装置用于将所述端盖盖合于所述开口，并使所述端盖位于所述第一限位部背离所述电极组件的一侧；
    其中，所述本体部包括第一焊接区和第二焊接区，所述第一焊接区位于所述第二焊接区的外周，所述第一焊接区与所述第二焊接区以所述连接部与所述本体部的连接位置分界，所述第一焊接区和所述第二焊接区均焊接于所述极耳。
PCT/CN2022/072426 2022-01-17 2022-01-17 电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池及用电装置 WO2023133904A1 (zh)

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CN112820948A (zh) * 2021-02-26 2021-05-18 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 一种圆柱形锂离子电池
CN113258124A (zh) * 2021-07-06 2021-08-13 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备

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US20120070721A1 (en) * 2009-05-31 2012-03-22 Lei Han Lithium ion battery
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CN112820948A (zh) * 2021-02-26 2021-05-18 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 一种圆柱形锂离子电池
CN113258124A (zh) * 2021-07-06 2021-08-13 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备

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