WO2023130228A1 - 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023130228A1
WO2023130228A1 PCT/CN2022/070164 CN2022070164W WO2023130228A1 WO 2023130228 A1 WO2023130228 A1 WO 2023130228A1 CN 2022070164 W CN2022070164 W CN 2022070164W WO 2023130228 A1 WO2023130228 A1 WO 2023130228A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
arc
battery cell
electrode assembly
peripheral wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/070164
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴怡祯
杨剑雄
李彦朋
李一鸣
左永涛
杜国栋
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280027510.0A priority Critical patent/CN117121274A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/070164 priority patent/WO2023130228A1/zh
Priority to EP22917706.8A priority patent/EP4300673A1/en
Publication of WO2023130228A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023130228A1/zh
Priority to US18/523,675 priority patent/US20240106039A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H01M50/169—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by welding, brazing or soldering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular, to a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a method and device for manufacturing the battery cell.
  • batteries are used more and more widely, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, electric aircraft, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes and electric tools, etc.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a manufacturing method and device for the battery cell, which can effectively improve the service life of the battery cell.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including: a casing with an opening; an electrode assembly with tabs, the electrode assembly is accommodated in the casing; an end cap is used to cover the The opening, the end cover includes: a first body part, used to connect the housing; a first end wall, in the thickness direction of the end cover, the first end wall is smaller than the first body part Farther away from the electrode assembly; a first peripheral wall, surrounding the edge of the first end wall, and connected to the first body part, the first peripheral wall and the first end wall are jointly defined Out of the first accommodation space, the first accommodation space is used to accommodate at least a part of the tab; wherein, the first peripheral wall includes a first arc wall, and the first arc wall is separated from the first The end wall extends to the first body portion along a first circular arc trajectory.
  • the first arc wall of the first peripheral wall extends from the first end wall to the first body part along the first arc track, so that the first end wall smoothly transitions to the first arc wall through the first arc wall.
  • the main body part improves the stress concentration caused by the right angle arrangement between the first peripheral wall and the first body part or the right angle arrangement between the first peripheral wall and the first end wall, and improves the connection position between the first peripheral wall and the first body part or the first
  • the damage resistance of the connection position between the peripheral wall and the first end wall improves the service life of the battery cells.
  • the outer surface of the first arc wall is tangent to the outer surface of the first body portion; and/or, the inner surface of the first arc wall is tangent to the inner surface of the first body portion Tangent.
  • the outer surface of the first arc wall is tangent to the outer surface of the first body part, and the inner surface of the first arc wall is tangent to the inner surface of the first body part, so that the first arc wall Stress concentration is less likely to occur at the connection position with the first body part, and the burst pressure at the connection position between the first arc wall and the first body part is increased.
  • the center of the first arc trajectory is located outside the battery cell.
  • the center of the first arc track is located outside the battery cell, so that the first arc wall is concave and bent toward the inside of the battery cell, reducing the space occupied by the end cover outside the battery cell, and at the same time making the first
  • the connection position between the arc wall and the first body part is relatively smooth, and stress concentration is not easy to occur at the connection position between the first arc wall and the first body part.
  • the central angle of the first arc wall is not greater than 90 degrees.
  • the central angle of the first arc wall is not greater than 90 degrees, so that the first end wall transitions to the first body part through the first arc wall more smoothly.
  • the first peripheral wall includes two first arc walls, and the two first arc walls are arranged along the width direction of the end cap.
  • the two first arc walls of the first peripheral wall are arranged along the width direction of the end cover, so that the two ends of the first end wall in the width direction of the end cover pass through the two first arc walls respectively.
  • the transition to the first body portion is smooth, and stress concentration is less likely to occur at the connection position between the first peripheral wall and the first body portion in the width direction of the end cover.
  • the two first arc walls are symmetrically distributed in the width direction.
  • the two first arc walls are symmetrically distributed in the width direction of the end cap, so that the shape and size of the two first arc walls are the same, so that the two first arc walls are closely aligned with the first body part.
  • the anti-damage capabilities of the connection positions of the two first arc walls and the end walls are basically the same.
  • the battery cell further includes: an insulator used to separate the end cap from the electrode assembly.
  • the insulator plays the role of separating the end cap and the electrode assembly, so as to reduce the risk of positive and negative short circuit caused by the contact between the tab of the electrode assembly and the end cap.
  • the insulator includes: a second body portion disposed on a side of the first body portion facing the electrode assembly in the thickness direction; a convex portion formed from the second body portion Extending into the first accommodating space in a direction away from the electrode assembly, a second accommodating space is formed inside the protrusion, and the second accommodating space is used to accommodate at least a part of the tab.
  • the protrusion of the insulator extends into the first accommodating space, reducing the overall size of the insulator and the end cap in the thickness direction of the end cap, making the structure of the insulator and the end cap more compact.
  • the interior of the convex part forms a second accommodation space, at least a part of the tab is accommodated in the second accommodation space, reducing the space occupied by the tab inside the housing, providing more space for the main body of the electrode assembly, and facilitating the lifting of the battery cell.
  • the energy density of the body is
  • the protruding portion includes: a second end wall, which is farther away from the electrode assembly than the second body portion in the thickness direction; a second peripheral wall surrounding Provided on the edge of the second end wall and connected to the second body part, the second peripheral wall and the second end wall jointly define the second accommodation space; wherein, the second peripheral wall It includes a second arc wall, the second arc wall corresponds to the first arc wall, and extends from the second end wall to the second body part along a second arc track to avoid The pole ear.
  • the second arc wall extends from the second end wall to the second body part along the second arc track, and the arc structure of the second arc wall can avoid the tab, reducing the pressure of the insulator against the tab. risk.
  • the second arc wall is attached to the first arc wall.
  • the second arc wall is attached to the first arc wall, so that the second arc wall and the first arc wall are more compact, and the joint limit between the second peripheral wall and the second end wall is increased.
  • the second accommodating space is more conducive to avoiding the tab by the second arc wall.
  • the second peripheral wall includes two second arc walls, the two second arc walls are arranged along the width direction of the end cap, and one of the second arc walls It is used to avoid the tab of the electrode assembly on one side in the width direction, and the other second arc wall is used to avoid the tab of the electrode assembly on the other side in the width direction.
  • the two second arc walls of the second peripheral wall can respectively avoid the tabs on both sides of the electrode assembly in the width direction of the end cover, so that the tabs on both sides of the electrode assembly in the width direction of the end cover are evenly spaced. Not easily squeezed by insulation.
  • the first body portion is welded to the housing.
  • the first body part and the casing are connected by welding, which can ensure the tightness between the first body part and the casing while ensuring the firmness of the connection between the first body part and the casing.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including: the battery cell provided in any one embodiment of the first aspect above; and a box for accommodating the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including the battery provided in any one embodiment of the second aspect above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell.
  • the manufacturing method includes: providing a casing having an opening; providing an electrode assembly having tabs; providing an end cap ; accommodate the electrode assembly in the housing; cover the end cover on the opening; wherein, the end cover includes: a first body portion for connecting the housing; a first end wall , in the thickness direction of the end cap, the first end wall is farther away from the electrode assembly than the first body part; the first peripheral wall is arranged around the edge of the first end wall, and Connected to the first body part, the first peripheral wall and the first end wall jointly define a first accommodation space, and the first accommodation space is used to accommodate at least a part of the tab; wherein, the The first peripheral wall includes a first arc wall, and the first arc wall extends from the first end wall to the first body portion along a first arc track.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery cell manufacturing equipment, the manufacturing equipment includes: a first providing device for providing a casing, the casing has an opening; a second providing device for An electrode assembly is provided, and the electrode assembly has tabs; a third providing device is used for providing an end cover; an assembly device is used for accommodating the electrode assembly in the casing; and is also used for closing the end cover in the opening; wherein, the end cover includes: a first body part, used to connect the housing; a first end wall, in the thickness direction of the end cover, the first end wall is smaller than the The first body part is farther away from the electrode assembly; the first peripheral wall surrounds the edge of the first end wall and is connected to the first body part, and the first peripheral wall and the first peripheral wall are connected to the first body part.
  • the end walls jointly define a first accommodating space, and the first accommodating space is used to accommodate at least a part of the tab; wherein, the first peripheral wall includes a first arc wall, and the first arc wall extends from The first end wall extends to the first body portion along a first circular arc trajectory.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery cell shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the end cap shown in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the insulator shown in Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a battery cell manufacturing equipment provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icons 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery unit; 21-housing; 22-electrode assembly; 221-ear; 221a-positive ear; 221b-negative ear ; 23-end cover; 231-first body portion; 232-first end wall; 233-first peripheral wall; 1 storage space; 24-insulator; 241-second body part; 242-convex part; 2421-second end wall; 2422-second peripheral wall; 2422a-second arc wall; -electrode terminal; 25a-positive electrode terminal; 25b-negative electrode terminal; 26-current collecting member; 27-pressure relief mechanism; 200-controller; 100-battery; 300-motor; 1000-vehicle; 2100-first providing device; 2200-second providing device; 2300-third providing device; 2400-assembling device; X-length direction; Y-width direction; Z-thickness direction.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length and width of the integrated device, are for illustrative purposes only, and should not constitute any limitation to the application .
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • a battery cell generally includes a casing, an electrode assembly, and an end cover.
  • the electrode assembly is accommodated in the casing, and the end cap covers the opening of the casing to form a closed space for accommodating the electrode assembly and electrolyte together with the casing. .
  • the end cap is partially formed with a convex structure. That is to say, the end cover includes a body part and a protrusion, the body part is connected to the housing so that the entire end cover covers the opening of the housing, and the protrusion protrudes from the outer surface of the body part.
  • An accommodating space is formed inside the convex hull.
  • the convex hull has a peripheral wall and an end wall, the peripheral wall is arranged around the edge of the end wall, and the end wall is connected to the main body through the peripheral wall. At least a part of the tab is accommodated in the accommodation space, so as to reduce the space occupied by the tab inside the shell, so as to make more space for the main part of the electrode assembly, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the energy density of the battery cell.
  • connection position between the peripheral wall of the convex hull and the body part and the connection position between the peripheral wall of the convex hull and the end wall are prone to cracking and damage when the internal pressure of the battery cell does not reach the burst pressure, affecting The service life of the battery cell.
  • connection position between the surrounding wall of the convex hull and the body part and the connection position between the surrounding wall of the convex part and the end wall are prone to cracking because the surrounding wall of the convex hull is arranged at right angles to the body part, and the surrounding wall of the convex hull and the end wall are arranged at right angles.
  • the end wall is arranged at right angles, so that the connection position between the surrounding wall of the convex shell and the main body and the connection position between the surrounding wall and the end wall are concentrated, and the bursting pressure is insufficient, which is prone to damage when the internal pressure of the battery cell does not reach the bursting pressure.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, in which at least a part of the peripheral wall of the end cap is configured as an arc wall, and the arc wall extends from the end wall of the end cap to the main body of the end cap along an arc track.
  • the end wall of the end cover transitions to the main body of the end cover through the arc of the arc wall, which improves the stress concentration caused by the right angle arrangement between the peripheral wall and the main body or the right angle arrangement between the peripheral wall and the end wall, and improves the strength of the peripheral wall.
  • the damage resistance of the connection position with the main body or the connection position between the peripheral wall and the end wall improves the service life of the battery cell.
  • the battery cells described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to batteries and electric devices using batteries.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not impose special limitations on the above electric equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is a component for accommodating the battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 provides an accommodation space for the battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 may adopt various structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12 , and the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other to define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cells 20 .
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as cuboid, cylinder and so on.
  • the first part 11 can be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second part 12 can also be a hollow structure with one side open.
  • the open side of the second part 12 is covered with the open side of the first part 11 to form a box with accommodating space.
  • first part 11 is a hollow structure with one side open
  • second part 12 is a plate-like structure
  • the second part 12 covers the open side of the first part 11 to form a box body 10 with a receiving space.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be sealed by a sealing element, and the sealing element can be a sealing ring, a sealant, or the like.
  • the battery 100 there may be one or a plurality of battery cells 20 . If there are multiple battery cells 20 , the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a whole and accommodated in the box 10 . It is also possible that all the battery cells 20 are directly connected in series, parallel or mixed together, and then all the battery cells 20 are housed in the case 10 as a whole.
  • the battery 100 may further include a confluence component, through which the plurality of battery cells 20 may be electrically connected, so as to realize series connection, parallel connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the bus component may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 , an end cap 23 and an insulator 24 .
  • the casing 21 is a component for accommodating the electrode assembly 22, and the casing 21 may be a hollow structure with an opening at one end, or a hollow structure with openings at opposite ends.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid and so on.
  • the housing 21 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is a part where electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 has a tab 221.
  • the tab 221 is divided into a positive tab 221a and a negative tab 221b.
  • the positive tab 221a and the negative tab 221b can be located on the same side of the electrode assembly 22, or can be located on opposite sides of the electrode assembly 22. sides.
  • the end cap 23 is a component that covers the opening of the casing 21 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 23 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 21.
  • the housing 21 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the end cap 23 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure compatible with the housing 21.
  • the housing 21 is a cylinder.
  • the body structure, the end cover 23 is a circular plate-shaped structure suitable for the housing 21.
  • the material of the end cap 23 can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy and the like.
  • Electrode terminals 25 may be provided on the end cap 23 , and the electrode terminals 25 are used to electrically connect with the tabs 221 to output the electric energy of the battery cells 20 .
  • the electrode terminal 25 may include a positive electrode terminal 25a and a negative electrode terminal 25b, the positive electrode terminal 25a is used for electrical connection with the positive electrode tab 221a, and the negative electrode terminal 25b is used for electrically connecting with the negative electrode tab 221b.
  • the positive electrode terminal 25 a and the negative electrode terminal 25 b may be disposed on the same end cap 23 , or may be disposed on different end caps 23 .
  • the casing 21 is a hollow structure with openings formed at both ends.
  • the casing 21 is a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end, and the end cap 23 in the battery cell 20 is one, and the negative electrode terminal 25 b and the positive electrode terminal 25 a can be arranged on the same end cap 23 superior.
  • the positive electrode terminal 25a and the positive tab 221a may be directly connected or indirectly connected, and the negative electrode terminal 25b and the negative tab 221b may be directly connected or indirectly connected.
  • the positive electrode terminal 25 a is electrically connected to the positive tab 221 a through a current collecting member 26
  • the negative electrode terminal 25 b is electrically connected to the negative tab 221 b through another current collecting member 26 .
  • a pressure relief mechanism 27 may also be provided on the end cover 23, and the pressure relief mechanism 27 is used to release the pressure inside the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 27 may be an explosion-proof valve, a burst-proof plate, a safety valve and other components. In the case of insufficient blasting pressure at a local position of the end cover 23, when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 does not reach the pressure relief threshold of the pressure relief mechanism 27, the position of the insufficient blasting pressure of the end cover 23 will rupture, affecting the battery cell. 20 service life. For the end cover 23, the stronger the anti-destructive capability at a certain position, the greater the burst pressure at this position.
  • the insulator 24 is a component that separates the end cap 23 from the electrode assembly 22.
  • the insulator 24 is used to realize the insulation isolation between the end cap 23 and the electrode assembly 22, and reduce the possibility of positive and negative short circuits caused by the contact between the tab 221 and the end cap 23. risk.
  • the insulator 24 can be made of insulating materials such as plastic and rubber.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery cell 20 shown in FIG. Cover 23.
  • the case 21 has an opening.
  • the electrode assembly 22 has tabs 221 , and the electrode assembly 22 is accommodated in the casing 21 .
  • the end cap 23 is used to cover the opening.
  • the end cap 23 includes a first body portion 231 , a first end wall 232 and a first peripheral wall 233 .
  • the first body part 231 is used for connecting the housing 21 .
  • the first end wall 232 is farther away from the electrode assembly 22 than the first body portion 231 .
  • the first peripheral wall 233 surrounds the edge of the first end wall 232 and is connected to the first body portion 231.
  • the first peripheral wall 233 and the first end wall 232 jointly define a first accommodation space 234.
  • the first accommodation space 234 It is used to accommodate at least a part of the tab 221 .
  • the first peripheral wall 233 includes a first arc wall 2331 , and the first arc wall 2331 extends from the first end wall 232 to the first body portion 231 along a first arc track.
  • the first body part 231 is the part where the end cover 23 is connected with the housing 21 , the first body part 231 can be welded with the housing 21 , and the welding track extends along the opening direction of the housing 21 .
  • the first body part 231 may be a plate-shaped structure, for example, the first body part 231 may be a circular plate, a rectangular plate, or the like. If the housing 21 is a cylindrical structure, the first body portion 231 may be a circular plate; if the housing 21 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the first body portion 231 may be a circular plate. Exemplarily, in FIG. 3 , the first body part 231 is a rectangular plate.
  • the first end wall 232 and the first peripheral wall 233 integrally form a convex hull protruding from the first body portion 231 , and the first body portion 231 , the first end wall 232 and the first peripheral wall 233 may be integrally formed.
  • the shapes of the first end wall 232 and the first peripheral wall 233 can be various, such as circular, rectangular and so on.
  • a part of the first peripheral wall 233 may be the first arc wall 2331 , or the entire first peripheral wall 233 may be the first arc wall 2331 .
  • the first peripheral wall 233 is the first arc wall 2331 as a whole; for another example, the first end wall 232 and the first peripheral wall 233 are both rectangular,
  • the first peripheral wall 233 has four walls located in different orientations, two walls are arranged opposite to each other in the length direction X of the end cover 23, and two walls are arranged in the width direction Y of the end cover 23, and one wall may be a first arc
  • the wall 2331 can also be two walls as the first arc wall 2331 , or three walls as the first arc wall 2331 , or four walls as the first arc wall 2331 .
  • the first arc wall 2331 extends from the first end wall 232 to the first body part 231 along the first arc track. It can be understood that the two ends of the first arc wall 2331 on the first arc track are respectively connected to the first The end wall 232 is connected to the first body part 231 .
  • the cross section of the first arc wall 2331 is arc-shaped, and the cross section of the first arc wall 2331 is a plane arranged along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23 .
  • the cross section of the first arc wall 2331 is along
  • the thickness direction Z of the end cap 23 is arranged perpendicular to the plane of the length direction X of the end cap 23 .
  • the first end wall 232 and the first peripheral wall 233 jointly define a first receiving space 234 for receiving at least a part of the tab 221 . It may be that only the positive pole tab 221a is accommodated in the first accommodation space 234, or only the negative pole tab 221b may be accommodated in the first accommodation space 234, or both the positive pole tab 221a and the negative pole tab 221b may be accommodated in the first accommodation space 234.
  • the positive pole tab 221a and the negative pole tab 221b are located at both ends of the electrode assembly 22 in the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23, and the positive pole tab 221a can be accommodated in the first accommodation space 234, or the negative pole tab 221b It is accommodated in the first accommodation space 234 .
  • the positive pole tab 221a and the negative pole tab 221b are located at the same end of the electrode assembly 22 in the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23, and the positive pole tab 221a and the negative pole tab 221b are both accommodated in the first housing Space 234 (not shown in FIG. 3 ).
  • the pressure relief mechanism 27 can be mounted on the first end wall 232 .
  • the positive electrode terminal 25 a and the negative electrode terminal 25 b can be disposed on the first end wall 232 or on the first body portion 231 .
  • both the positive electrode terminal 25 a and the negative electrode terminal 25 b are disposed on the first body portion 231 , and the protrusion is located between the positive electrode terminal 25 a and the negative electrode terminal 25 b.
  • the electrode terminal 25 positive electrode terminal 25a, negative electrode terminal 25b
  • the tab 221 positive tab 221a, negative tab 221b
  • the current collecting member The part 26 used to connect with the tab 221 is accommodated in the first accommodation space 234 .
  • the length direction X of the end cover 23 is the length direction X of the first body part 231
  • the width direction Y of the end cover 23 is the width direction Y of the first body part 231
  • the thickness of the end cover 23 The direction Z is the thickness direction Z of the first body portion 231 .
  • the first arc wall 2331 of the first peripheral wall 233 extends from the first end wall 232 to the first body portion 231 along the first arc track, so that the first end wall 232 passes through the first arc
  • the smooth transition of the wall 2331 to the first body part 231 improves the stress concentration caused by the right angle arrangement between the first peripheral wall 233 and the first body part 231 or the right angle arrangement between the first peripheral wall 233 and the first end wall 232, and improves the first
  • the damage resistance of the connection position between the peripheral wall 233 and the first body portion 231 or the connection position between the first peripheral wall 233 and the first end wall 232 improves the service life of the battery cell 20 .
  • first arc wall 2331 extends from the first end wall 232 to the first body portion 231 along the first arc track, which can increase the first accommodation space defined by the first peripheral wall 233 and the first end wall 232 together. 234 to accommodate more parts of the tab 221, which is beneficial to increase the energy density of the battery cell 20.
  • the outer surface of the first arc wall 2331 is tangent to the outer surface of the first body portion 231; and/or, the inner surface of the first arc wall 2331 is tangent to the inner surface of the first body portion 231 .
  • the outer surface of the first arc wall 2331 is the surface of the first arc wall 2331 facing the exterior of the battery cell 20
  • the inner surface of the first arc wall 2331 is the surface of the first arc wall 2331 facing the interior of the battery cell 20 .
  • the outer surface and the inner surface of the first arc wall 2331 are both arc surfaces.
  • the outer surface of the first body part 231 is the surface of the first body part 231 facing the outside of the battery cell 20
  • the inner surface of the first body part 231 is the surface of the first body part 231 facing the inside of the battery cell 20 .
  • the outer surface and the inner surface of the first body portion 231 are both planes.
  • the outer surface of the first arc wall 2331 is tangent to the outer surface of the first body portion 231
  • the inner surface of the first arc wall 2331 is tangent to the inner surface of the first body portion 231 .
  • the thickness of the first arc wall 2331 is equal to the thickness of the first body portion 231 .
  • the outer surface of the first arc wall 2331 is tangent to the outer surface of the first body portion 231, and the inner surface of the first arc wall 2331 is tangent to the inner surface of the first body portion 231, so that The connection position between the first arc wall 2331 and the first body portion 231 is less prone to stress concentration, and the burst pressure at the connection position between the first arc wall 2331 and the first body portion 231 is increased.
  • the center of the first arc trajectory is located outside the battery cell 20 .
  • the first peripheral wall 233 is a first arc wall 2331, and the center of the first arc track is located outside the battery cell 20, that is, the first arc
  • the axis of the wall 2331 is located outside the battery cell 20 .
  • the center of the first arc trajectory is located outside the battery cell 20 .
  • the first arc wall 2331 Since the center of the first arc track is located outside the battery cell 20, the first arc wall 2331 is concave and bent toward the inside of the battery cell 20, reducing the space occupied by the end cover 23 outside the battery cell 20, and at the same time making the second
  • the connection position between the first arc wall 2331 and the first body portion 231 is relatively smooth, and the connection position between the first arc wall 2331 and the first body portion 231 is less prone to stress concentration.
  • the center of the first arc track can also be located inside the battery cell 20 , so that the first arc wall 2331 is concave and curved toward the outside of the battery cell 20 .
  • the outer surface of the first arc wall 2331 may be tangent to the outer surface of the end wall, and the inner surface of the first arc wall 2331 may also be tangent to the inner surface of the end wall.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the end cap 23 shown in FIG. 4
  • the central angle ⁇ of the first arc wall 2331 is not greater than 90 degrees. That is to say, the central angle ⁇ of the first arc wall 2331 may be equal to 90 degrees or less than 90 degrees.
  • the central angle ⁇ of the first arc wall 2331 is the central angle ⁇ of the arc segment corresponding to the first arc wall 2331 on the first arc track.
  • the first arc wall 2331 has two ends on the first arc track, respectively a first end 2331a and a second end 2331b, the first end 2331a is connected to the first end wall 232, and the second end 2331b is connected to the first body portion 231 connection, the line connecting the first end 2331a and the center of the first arc track is the first line segment, the line connecting the second end 2331b and the center of the first arc track is the second line segment, the first line segment and the first line segment
  • the included angle between the two line segments is the central angle ⁇ of the first arc wall 2331 .
  • the central angle ⁇ of the first arc wall 2331 is not greater than 90 degrees, so that the first end wall 232 transitions to the first body portion 231 through the first arc wall 2331 more gently.
  • this structure can increase the first accommodation space 234 defined by the first peripheral wall 233 and the first end wall 232 to accommodate the battery cells. More parts of the ear 221 are beneficial to increase the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first peripheral wall 233 includes two first arc walls 2331 , and the two first arc walls 2331 are arranged along the width direction Y of the end cover 23 .
  • the first peripheral wall 233 includes two first arc walls 2331 arranged along the width direction Y of the end cover 23, that is, at least two walls of the first peripheral wall 233 arranged along the width direction Y of the end cover 23 are The first arc wall 2331 .
  • the two walls of the first peripheral wall 233 arranged in the length direction X of the end cover 23 may also be the first arc wall 2331, that is, the four walls of the first peripheral wall 233 Both are first arc walls 2331 .
  • the welding position between the first body portion 231 and the housing 21 is relatively close to the first peripheral wall 233, and the first body
  • the connection position between the first body part 231 and the first peripheral wall 233 is easily affected by the welding between the first body part 231 and the housing 21, so that the damage resistance of the connection position between the first body part 231 and the first peripheral wall 233 is even worse, making this position blast Not enough pressure.
  • the two walls of the first peripheral wall 233 arranged in the width direction Y of the end cover 23 are set as the first arc walls 2331, so that the first end wall 232 is arranged in the width direction Y of the end cover 23.
  • the two ends of Y are smoothly transitioned to the first body part 231 through two first arc walls 2331 respectively, and the first peripheral wall 233 is less prone to stress at the connection position with the first body part 231 in the width direction Y of the end cover 23 In other words, even if the connection position is affected by the welding between the first body part 231 and the casing 21 , it still has sufficient bursting pressure.
  • the two first arc walls 2331 are symmetrically distributed in the width direction Y of the end cover 23 .
  • the two first arc walls 2331 are distributed symmetrically with respect to the symmetry plane, and the symmetry plane is perpendicular to the width direction Y of the end cover 23 .
  • the two first arc walls 2331 are symmetrically distributed in the width direction Y of the end cover 23, so that the shape and size of the two first arc walls 2331 are the same, so that the two first arc walls
  • the damage resistance of the connection position between 2331 and the first body part 231 is basically the same, and the damage resistance of the connection position between the two first arc walls 2331 and the end wall is basically the same.
  • the battery cell 20 further includes an insulator 24 for separating the end cap 23 from the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the insulator 24 is disposed on the side of the end cap 23 facing the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the insulator 24 is made of insulating material, and the insulator 24 can be made of rubber, plastic or other materials.
  • the insulator 24 functions to separate the end cap 23 from the electrode assembly 22 , so as to reduce the risk of positive and negative short circuits caused by contact between the tabs 221 of the electrode assembly 22 and the end cap 23 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulator 24 shown in FIG. 4 , the insulator 24 includes a second body portion 241 and a protrusion 242 .
  • the second body portion 241 is disposed on a side of the first body portion 231 facing the electrode assembly 22 in the thickness direction Z.
  • the convex portion 242 extends from the second body portion 241 into the first accommodation space 234 in a direction away from the electrode assembly 22 , and a second accommodation space 243 is formed inside the protrusion 242 , and the second accommodation space 243 is used to accommodate the pole tab 221 at least partly.
  • the second body part 241 may be a plate-shaped structure, for example, the second body part 241 is a circular plate or a rectangular plate.
  • the second body portion 241 can also be a rectangular plate; when the first body portion 231 is a circular plate, the second body portion 241 can also be a rectangular plate.
  • the second body part 241 is located on the side of the first body part 231 facing the electrode assembly 22 in the thickness direction Z of the end cap 23 , and the second body part 241 can abut against the inner surface of the first body part 231 .
  • the protruding part 242 is a part of the end cap 23 protruding from the second body part 241 , and the protruding part 242 may have various shapes, such as a circle, a rectangle, and the like.
  • the shape of the protrusion 242 can be set according to the shape of the first peripheral wall 233 of the end cap 23 .
  • the convex portion 242 may be configured as a circular shape; for another example, if the first circumferential wall is rectangular, the convex portion 242 may be configured as a rectangular shape.
  • a second accommodating space 243 is formed inside the protruding portion 242 , and the opening of the second accommodating space 243 is formed on a side of the second body portion 241 facing the electrode assembly 22 in the thickness direction Z of the end cap 23 .
  • the second accommodation space 243 can accommodate at least a part of the tab 221 .
  • only the positive pole tab 221a may be accommodated in the second accommodation space 243, or only the negative pole tab 221b may be accommodated in the second accommodation space 243, or both the positive pole tab 221a and the negative pole tab 221b may be accommodated in the second accommodation space 243.
  • Inside the second accommodation space 243 .
  • the positive pole tab 221a and the negative pole tab 221b of the electrode assembly 22 are respectively located at both ends of the electrode assembly 22 in the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23, and the positive pole tab 221a may be accommodated in the second accommodation space 243, or The negative electrode tab 221b is accommodated in the second accommodation space 243 .
  • the positive pole tab 221a and the negative pole tab 221b of the electrode assembly 22 are located at the same end of the electrode assembly 22 in the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23, and the positive pole tab 221a and the negative pole tab 221b are both accommodated in the second accommodation space 243 Inside.
  • the protrusion 242 of the insulator 24 extends into the first accommodating space 234, reducing the overall size of the insulator 24 and the end cover 23 in the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23, so that the insulator 24 and the end cover 23 is more compact.
  • the interior of the protrusion 242 forms a second accommodation space 243, at least a part of the tab 221 is accommodated in the second accommodation space 243, reducing the space occupied by the tab 221 inside the casing 21, and providing more space for the main body of the electrode assembly 22.
  • the space is beneficial to increase the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the protrusion 242 includes a second end wall 2421 and a second peripheral wall 2422 .
  • the second end wall 2421 is further away from the electrode assembly 22 than the second body portion 241 .
  • the second peripheral wall 2422 surrounds the edge of the second end wall 2421 and is connected to the second body portion 241 .
  • the second peripheral wall 2422 and the second end wall 2421 together define a second receiving space 243 .
  • the second peripheral wall 2422 includes a second arc wall 2422a, the second arc wall 2422a corresponds to the first arc wall 2331, and extends from the second end wall 2421 to the second body portion 241 along a second arc track. , to avoid pole ear 221
  • a part of the second peripheral wall 2422 may be the second arc wall 2422a, or the entire second peripheral wall 2422 may be the second arc wall 2422a.
  • the convex portion 242 is circular, and the second peripheral wall 2422 is a second arc wall 2422a as a whole; for another example, the convex portion 242 is rectangular, and the second peripheral wall 2422 has four walls located in different directions, and one wall can be the second arc wall 2422a.
  • the second arc wall 2422a may also be the second arc wall 2422a for multiple walls.
  • the second arc wall 2422a corresponds to the first arc wall 2331 , that is, the second arc wall 2422a corresponds to the first arc wall 2331 one by one.
  • the first peripheral wall 233 has a wall that is the first circular arc wall 2331, and then the second peripheral wall 2422 has a wall that is the second circular arc wall 2422a; arc wall 2331, the second peripheral wall 2422 has two walls which are the second arc wall 2422a.
  • the second arc wall 2422a extends from the second end wall 2421 to the second body part 241 along the second arc track. It can be understood that the two ends of the second arc wall 2422a on the second arc track are respectively connected to the second The end wall 2421 is connected to the second body part 241 .
  • the cross-section of the second arc wall 2422 a is arc-shaped, and the cross-section of the second arc wall 2422 a is a plane arranged along the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23 .
  • the convex part 242 Taking the convex part 242 as a rectangle, and the wall on one side of the second peripheral wall 2422 in the width direction Y of the end cover 23 is the second arc wall 2422a as an example, the cross section of the second arc wall 2422a is along the end cover 23
  • the thickness direction Z is arranged and perpendicular to the plane of the length direction X of the end cap 23 .
  • the second arc track and the first arc track are set concentrically.
  • the tab 221 may be inserted into the main body of the electrode assembly 22 , piercing the separator and causing a short circuit between positive and negative electrodes.
  • the second arc wall 2422a extends from the second end wall 2421 to the second body portion 241 along the second arc track, the arc structure of the second arc wall 2422a can avoid the tab 221, The risk of the insulating member 24 pressing the tab 221 can be effectively reduced.
  • the second arc wall 2422 a is attached to the first arc wall 2331 .
  • the second arc wall 2422a body is attached to the first arc wall 2331, that is, the outer surface of the second arc wall 2422a is attached to the inner surface of the first arc wall 2331, so that the contour of the second arc wall 2422a is consistent with the first arc wall 2331.
  • the contour of an arc wall 2331 is matched.
  • the second body portion 241 can also be attached to the first body portion 231, and the second end wall 2421 can also be attached to the first end wall. 232.
  • the second arc wall 2422a is attached to the first arc wall 2331, so that the second arc wall 2422a and the first arc wall 2331 are more compact, and the distance between the second peripheral wall 2422 and the second
  • the second accommodating space 243 jointly defined by the end walls 2421 is more conducive to avoiding the tab 221 by the second arc wall 2422a.
  • the second peripheral wall 2422 includes two second arc walls 2422a, the two second arc walls 2422a are arranged along the width direction Y of the end cover 23, and one second arc The wall 2422a is used to avoid the tab 221 on one side of the electrode assembly 22 in the width direction Y, and the other second arc wall 2422a is used to avoid the tab 221 on the other side of the electrode assembly 22 in the width direction Y.
  • the second peripheral wall 2422 includes two second arc walls 2422a arranged along the width direction Y of the end cover 23, that is, at least two walls of the second peripheral wall 2422 arranged along the width direction Y of the end cover 23 are the second Arc wall 2422a.
  • the two walls of the second peripheral wall 2422 arranged in the longitudinal direction X of the end cover 23 may also be the second arc walls 2422a. It can be understood that the two walls of the second peripheral wall 2422 in the width direction Y of the end cover 23 are the second arc walls 2422a, then the two walls of the first peripheral wall 233 in the width direction Y correspond to the first arc Wall 2331.
  • the two second arc walls 2422 a of the second peripheral wall 2422 respectively correspond to the tabs 221 on both sides of the avoidance electrode assembly 22 .
  • a second arc wall 2422a is used to avoid one side of the electrode assembly 22 in the width direction Y
  • the positive pole tab 221a and the negative pole tab 221b, and another second arc wall 2422a is used to avoid the positive pole tab 221a and the negative pole tab 221b on the other side of the electrode assembly 22 in the width direction Y.
  • the two second arc walls 2422a of the second peripheral wall 2422 can respectively avoid the tabs 221 on both sides of the electrode assembly 22 in the width direction Y of the end cover 23, so that the electrode assembly 22 is located at the end cover 23.
  • the tabs 221 on both sides in the width direction Y are not easily squeezed by the insulating member 24 .
  • the first body portion 231 is welded to the casing 21 .
  • the weld mark where the first body part 231 is welded to the housing 21 is located at the edge of the first body part 231 , and the weld mark extends along the circumferential direction of the opening of the housing 21 .
  • the first body part 231 is connected to the housing 21 by welding, which ensures the tightness between the first body part 231 and the housing 21 while ensuring the firmness of the connection between the first body part 231 and the housing 21 .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100 , including a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 provided in any one of the above embodiments, and the box body 10 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery 100 provided in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a prismatic battery cell, which includes a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 , an end cap 23 and an insulator 24 , the electrode assembly 22 is housed in the casing 21 , and the end cap 23 The insulator 24 is welded to the opening of the casing 21 to separate the end cap 23 and the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the end cover 23 includes a first body portion 231, a first end wall 232 and a first peripheral wall 233.
  • the first peripheral wall 233 is surrounded by the edge of the first end wall 232 and connected to the first body portion 231.
  • the wall 233 and the first end wall 232 jointly define a first receiving space 234 .
  • the first peripheral wall 233 includes two first arc walls 2331, the first arc walls 2331 extend from the first end wall 232 to the first body portion 231 along a first arc track, and the center of the first arc track is located in a square Outside the battery cell, two first arc walls 2331 are arranged along the width direction Y of the end cover 23 .
  • the insulator 24 includes a second body portion 241, a second end wall 2421 and a second peripheral wall 2422.
  • the second peripheral wall 2422 surrounds the edge of the second end wall 2421 and is connected to the second body portion 241.
  • the second end wall 2421 and the second peripheral wall 2422 are accommodated in the first accommodation space 234 , the second peripheral wall 2422 and the second end wall 2421 together define a second accommodation space 243 , and the second accommodation space 243 is used to accommodate at least a part of the tab 221 .
  • the second peripheral wall 2422 includes two second arc walls 2422a, the second arc walls 2422a are attached to the first arc wall 2331, the two second arc walls 2422a are arranged in the width direction Y of the end cover 23, two The second arc wall 2422 a is used to respectively avoid the tabs 221 on both sides of the electrode assembly 22 in the width direction Y of the end cover 23 .
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell 20.
  • the manufacturing method includes:
  • the end cover 23 includes a first body portion 231 , a first end wall 232 and a first peripheral wall 233 .
  • the first body part 231 is used for connecting the housing 21 .
  • the first end wall 232 is farther away from the electrode assembly 22 than the first body portion 231 .
  • the first peripheral wall 233 surrounds the edge of the first end wall 232 and is connected to the first body portion 231.
  • the first peripheral wall 233 and the first end wall 232 together define a first accommodation space 234.
  • the first accommodation space 234 It is used to accommodate at least a part of the tab 221 .
  • the first peripheral wall 233 includes a first arc wall 2331 , and the first arc wall 2331 extends from the first end wall 232 to the first body portion 231 along a first arc track.
  • step S100, step S200 and step S300 are not limited, for example, step S300 may be performed first, then step S200, and then step S100.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a battery cell 20 manufacturing equipment 2000 provided in some embodiments of the present application. Embodiments of the present application also provide a battery cell 20 manufacturing equipment 2000.
  • the manufacturing equipment 2000 includes the first A providing device 2100 , a second providing device 2200 , a third providing device 2300 and an assembling device 2400 .
  • the first providing device 2100 is used for providing the casing 21, and the casing 21 has an opening.
  • the second providing device 2200 is used to provide the electrode assembly 22, and the electrode assembly 22 has a tab 221.
  • the third providing device 2300 is used for providing the end cap 23 .
  • the assembling device 2400 is used for accommodating the electrode assembly 22 in the casing 21; the assembling device 2400 is also used for covering the end cap 23 on the opening.
  • the end cover 23 includes a first body portion 231 , a first end 2331 a cover and a first peripheral wall 233 .
  • the first body part 231 is used for connecting the housing 21 .
  • the first end wall 232 is farther away from the electrode assembly 22 than the first body portion 231 .
  • the first peripheral wall 233 surrounds the edge of the first end wall 232 and is connected to the first body portion 231.
  • the first peripheral wall 233 and the first end wall 232 together define a first accommodation space 234.
  • the first accommodation space 234 It is used to accommodate at least a part of the tab 221 .
  • the first peripheral wall 233 includes a first arc wall 2331 , and the first arc wall 2331 extends from the first end wall 232 to the first body portion 231 along a first arc track.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备，属于电池技术领域。电池单体包括壳体、电极组件和端盖。电极组件容纳于壳体内。端盖用于盖合于壳体的开口。端盖包括第一本体部、第一端壁和第一周壁。第一本体部用于连接壳体。第一端壁较第一本体部更远离于电极组件。第一周壁围设于第一端壁的边缘，并连接于第一本体部，第一周壁与第一端壁共同限定出第一容纳空间，第一容纳空间用于容纳电极组件的极耳的至少一部分。其中，第一周壁包括第一圆弧壁，第一圆弧壁从第一端壁沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至第一本体部。提高了第一周壁与第一本体部的连接位置或第一周壁与第一端壁的连接位置的抗破坏能力，提高电池单体的使用寿命。

Description

电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备。
背景技术
随着新能源技术的发展，电池的应用越来越广泛，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等等。
在电池单体中，既需要考虑电池单体的安全性，也需要考虑电池单体性能问题，比如电池单体的使用寿命。因此，如何提升电池单体的使用寿命是电池技术中一个亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备，能够有效提高电池单体的使用寿命。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，包括：壳体，具有开口；电极组件，具有极耳，所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内；端盖，用于盖合于所述开口，所述端盖包括：第一本体部，用于连接所述壳体；第一端壁，在所述端盖的厚度方向上，所述第一端壁较所述第一本体部更远离于所述电极组件；第一周壁，围设于所述第一端壁的边缘，并连接于所述第一本体部，所述第一周壁与所述第一端壁共同限定出第一容纳空间，所述第一容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分；其中，所述第一周壁包括第一圆弧壁，所述第一圆弧壁从所述第一端壁沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至所述第一本体部。
上述技术方案中，第一周壁的第一圆弧壁从第一端壁沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至第一本体部，使得第一端壁通过第一圆弧壁圆滑的过渡至第一本体部，改善第一周壁与第一本体部直角布置或第一周壁与第一端壁直角布置而带来的应力集中，提高第一周壁与第一本体部的连接位置或第一周壁与第一端壁的连接位置的抗破坏能力，提高电池单体的使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，所述第一圆弧壁的外表面与所述第一本体部的外表面相切；和/或，所述第一圆弧壁的内表面与第一本体部的内表面相切。
上述技术方案中，通过第一圆弧壁的外表面与第一本体部的外表面相切，以及第一圆弧壁的内表面与第一本体部的内表面相切，使得第一圆弧壁与第一本体部的连接位置不易出现应力集中的情况，增大第一圆弧壁与第一本体部的连接位置的爆破压力。
在一些实施例中，所述第一圆弧轨迹的圆心位于所述电池单体的外部。
上述技术方案中，第一圆弧轨迹的圆心位于电池单体的外部，使得第一圆弧壁向电池单体内部的方向凹陷弯曲，减少端盖占用电池单体外部的空间，同时使得第一圆弧壁与第一本体部的连接位置较为平滑，第一圆弧壁与第一本体部的连接位置不易出现应力集中的情况。
在一些实施例中，所述第一圆弧壁的圆心角不大于90度。
上述技术方案中，第一圆弧壁的圆心角不大于90度，使得第一端壁通过第一圆弧壁更为平缓的过渡至第一本体部。
在一些实施例中，所述第一周壁包括两个所述第一圆弧壁，两个所述第一圆弧壁沿所述端盖的宽度方向排布。
上述技术方案中，第一周壁的两个第一圆弧壁沿端盖的宽度方向排布，使得第一端壁在端盖的宽度方向上的两端分别通过两个第一圆弧壁圆滑过渡至第一本体部，第一周壁在端盖的宽度方向上与第一本体部的连接位置不易出现应力集中。
在一些实施例中，两个所述第一圆弧壁在所述宽度方向上对称分布。
上述技术方案中，两个第一圆弧壁在端盖的宽度方向上对称分布，使得两个第一圆弧壁的形状、大小均相同，使得两个第一圆弧壁与第一本体部的连接位置的抗破坏能力基本相同，以及两个第一圆弧壁与端壁的连接位置的抗破坏能力基本相同。
在一些实施例中，所述电池单体还包括：绝缘件，所述绝缘件用于分隔所述端盖和所述电极组件。
上述技术方案中，绝缘件起到分隔端盖和电极组件的作用，以降低因电极组件的极耳与端盖接触，而造成正负极短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述绝缘件包括：第二本体部，在所述厚度方向上设置于所述第一本体部面向所述电极组件的一侧；凸部，从所述第二本体部沿背离所述电极组件的方向延伸至所述第一容纳空间内，所述凸部的内部形成有第二容纳空间，所述第二容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分。
上述技术方案中，绝缘件的凸部延伸至第一容纳空间内，减少绝缘件和端盖整体在端盖的厚度方向上的尺寸，使得绝缘件与端盖的结构更为紧凑。凸部的内部形成第二容纳空间，极耳的至少一部分容纳于第二容纳空间内，减少极耳占用壳体内部的空间，以为电极组件的主体部分提供更多的空间，有利于提升电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，所述凸部包括：第二端壁，在所述厚度方向上，所述第二端壁较所述第二本体部更远离于所述电极组件；第二周壁，围设于所述第二端壁的边缘，并连接于所述第二本体部，所述第二周壁与所述第二端壁共同限定出所述第二容纳空间；其中，所述第二周壁包括第二圆弧壁，所述第二圆弧壁与所述第一圆弧壁相对应，且从所述第二端壁沿第二圆弧轨迹延伸至所述第二本体部，以避让所述极耳。
上述技术方案中，第二圆弧壁从第二端壁沿第二圆弧轨迹延伸至第二本体部，第二圆弧壁的圆弧结构能够避让极耳，降低绝缘件挤压极耳的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述第二圆弧壁贴合于所述第一圆弧壁。
上述技术方案中，第二圆弧壁贴合于第一圆弧壁，使得第二圆弧壁和第一圆弧壁更为紧凑，增大了第二周壁与所述第二端壁共同限定出的第二容纳空间，更有利于第二圆弧壁避让极耳。
在一些实施例中，所述第二周壁包括两个所述第二圆弧壁，两个所述第二圆弧壁沿所述端盖的宽度方向排布，一个所述第二圆弧壁用于避让电极组件在所述宽度方向上一侧的极耳，另一个所述第二圆弧壁用于避让电极组件在所述宽度方向上另一侧的极耳。
上述技术方案中，第二周壁的两个第二圆弧壁能够分别避让电极组件在端盖的宽度方向上两侧的极耳，使得电极组件在端盖的宽度方向上两侧的极耳均不易受到绝缘件挤压。
在一些实施例中，所述第一本体部焊接于所述壳体。
上述技术方案中，第一本体部与壳体通过焊接的方式连接，在保证第一本体部与壳体连接后的牢固性的同时，能够确保第一本体部与壳体之间的密封性。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池，包括：上述第一方面任意一个实施例提供的电池单体；箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，包括上述第二方面任意一个实施例提供的电池。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的制造方法，所述制造方法包括：提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；提供电极组件，所述电极组件具有极耳；提供端盖；将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内；将所述端盖盖合于所述开口；其中，所述端盖包括：第一本体部，用于连接所述壳体；第一端壁，在所述端盖的厚度方向上，所述第一端壁较所述第一本体部更远离于所述电极组件；第一周壁，围设于所述第一端壁的边缘，并连接于所述第一本体部，所述第一周壁与所述第一端壁共 同限定出第一容纳空间，所述第一容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分；其中，所述第一周壁包括第一圆弧壁，所述第一圆弧壁从所述第一端壁沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至所述第一本体部。
第五方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电池单体的制造设备，所述制造设备包括：第一提供装置，用于提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；第二提供装置，用于提供电极组件，所述电极组件具有极耳；第三提供装置，用于提供端盖；组装装置，用于将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内；还用于将所述端盖盖合于所述开口；其中，所述端盖包括：第一本体部，用于连接所述壳体；第一端壁，在所述端盖的厚度方向上，所述第一端壁较所述第一本体部更远离于所述电极组件；第一周壁，围设于所述第一端壁的边缘，并连接于所述第一本体部，所述第一周壁与所述第一端壁共同限定出第一容纳空间，所述第一容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分；其中，所述第一周壁包括第一圆弧壁，所述第一圆弧壁从所述第一端壁沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至所述第一本体部。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸图；
图4为图3所示的电池单体的局部剖视图；
图5为图4所示的端盖的剖视图；
图6为图4所示的绝缘件的结构示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造方法的流程图；
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造设备的示意性框图。
图标：10-箱体；11-第一部分；12-第二部分；20-电池单体；21-壳体；22-电极组件；221-极耳；221a-正极极耳；221b-负极极耳；23-端盖；231-第一本体部；232-第一端壁；233-第一周壁；2331-第一圆弧壁；2331a-第一端；2331b-第二端；234-第一容纳空间；24-绝缘件；241-第二本体部；242-凸部；2421-第二端壁；2422-第二周壁；2422a-第二圆弧壁；243-第二容纳空间；25-电极端子；25a-正极电极端子；25b-负极电极端子；26-集流构件；27-泄压机构；200-控制器；100-电池；300-马达；1000-车辆；2000-制造设备；2100-第一提供装置；2200-第二提供装置；2300-第三提供装置；2400-组装装置；X-长度方向；Y-宽度方向；Z-厚度方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在 本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
目前，电池单体一般包括壳体、电极组件和端盖，电极组件容纳于壳体内，端盖盖合于壳体的开口，以与壳体共同形成用于容纳电极组件和电解液的密闭空间。
为提高电池单体的能量密度，端盖局部形成凸包结构。即端盖包括本体部和凸包，本体部连接于壳体，以使整个端盖盖合于壳体的开口，凸包凸出于本体部的外表面。凸包内部形成有容纳空间，凸包具有周壁和端壁，周壁围设于端壁的边缘，端壁与本体部通过周壁连接。极耳的至少一部分容纳于容纳空间内，以减小极耳占用壳体内部的空间，以为电极组件的主体部分腾让出更多的空间，以达到提高电池单体的能量密度的目的。
发明人注意到，在这样的电池单体中，凸包的周壁与本体部的连接位置以及凸包的周壁与端壁的连接位置容易在电池单体内部压力未达到爆破压力时开裂破坏，影响电池单体的使用寿命。
发明人进一步研究发现，凸包的周壁与本体部的连接位置以及凸部的周壁与端壁的连接位置容易出现开裂的原因在于，凸包的周壁与本体部直角布置，以及凸包的周壁与端壁直角布置，使得凸包的周壁与本体部的连接位置以及周壁与端壁的连接位置应力集中，爆破压力不足，容易出现在电池单体内部压力未达到爆破压力时破坏。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，将端盖的周壁的至少一部分设置为圆弧壁，圆弧壁从端盖的端壁沿圆弧轨迹延伸至端盖的本体部。
在这样的电池单体中，端盖的端壁通过圆弧壁圆弧过渡至端盖的本体部，改善周壁与本体部直角布置或周壁与端壁直角布置而带来的应力集中，提高周壁与本体部的连接位置或周壁与端壁 的连接位置的抗破坏能力，提高电池单体的使用寿命。
本申请实施例描述的电池单体适用于电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图，车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。
车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的结构示意图，电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。
其中，箱体10是容纳电池单体20的部件，箱体10为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，以限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第一部分11和第二部分12可以是多种形状，比如，长方体、圆柱体等。第一部分11可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12也可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12的开放侧盖合于第一部分11的开放侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体10。也可以是第一部分11为一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12为板状结构，第二部分12盖合于第一部分11的开放侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体10。第一部分11与第二部分12可以通过密封元件来实现密封，密封元件可以是密封圈、密封胶等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是一个、也可以是多个。若电池单体20为多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。也可以是所有电池单体20之间直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将所有电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内。
在一些实施例中，电池100还可以包括汇流部件，多个电池单体20之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现多个电池单体20的串联或并联或混联。汇流部件可以是金属导体，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的爆炸图，电池单体20包括壳体21、电极组件22、端盖23和绝缘件24。
壳体21是用于容纳电极组件22的部件，壳体21可以是一端形成开口的空心结构，也可以是相对的两端形成开口的空心结构。壳体21可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体21的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
电极组件22是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件22具有极耳221，极耳221分为正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b，正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b可以位于电极组件22的同一侧，也可以分别位于电极组件22相对的两侧。
端盖23是盖合于壳体21的开口以将电池单体20的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的部件。端 盖23的形状可以与壳体21的形状相适配，比如，壳体21为长方体结构，端盖23为与壳体21相适配的长方形板状结构，再如，壳体21为圆柱体结构，端盖23为与壳体21相适配的圆形板状结构。端盖23的材质也可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
端盖23上可以设置电极端子25，电极端子25用于与极耳221电连接，以输出电池单体20的电能。电极端子25可以包括正极电极端子25a和负极电极端子25b，正极电极端子25a用于与正极极耳221a电连接，负极电极端子25b用于与负极极耳221b电连接。正极电极端子25a和负极电极端子25b可以设置于同一端盖23上，也可以设置于不同端盖23上。比如，壳体21为两端形成开口的空心结构，电池单体20中的端盖23为两个，两个端盖23对应盖合于壳体21的两个开口，负极电极端子25b设置于一个端盖23，正极电极端子25a设置于另一个端盖23上。再如，如图3所示，壳体21为一端形成开口的空心结构，电池单体20中的端盖23为一个，负极电极端子25b和正极电极端子25a则可以设置在同一个端盖23上。
正极电极端子25a与正极极耳221a可以直接连接，也可以间接连接，负极电极端子25b与负极极耳221b可以直接连接，也可以间接连接。示例性的，正极电极端子25a通过一个集流构件26与正极极耳221a电连接，负极电极端子25b通过另一个集流构件26与负极极耳221b电连接。
端盖23上还可以设置泄压机构27，泄压机构27用于在电池单体20内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放电池单体20内部的压力。泄压机构27可以是防爆阀、防爆片、安全阀等部件。在端盖23的局部位置出现爆破压力不足的情况下，容易出现在电池单体20内部压力未达到泄压机构27的泄压阈值时，端盖23爆破压力不足的位置破裂，影响电池单体20的使用寿命。对于端盖23而言，其某一位置的抗破坏能力越强，该位置的爆破压力就越大。
绝缘件24是将端盖23与电极组件22分隔的部件，通过绝缘件24来实现端盖23与电极组件22绝缘隔离，降低因极耳221与端盖23接触，而造成正负极短路的风险。绝缘件24可以是诸如塑料、橡胶等绝缘材质。
请参照图3和图4，图4为图3所示的电池单体20的局部剖视图，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20，电池单体20包括壳体21、电极组件22和端盖23。壳体21具有开口。电极组件22具有极耳221，电极组件22容纳于壳体21内。端盖23用于盖合于开口。端盖23包括第一本体部231、第一端壁232和第一周壁233。第一本体部231用于连接壳体21。在端盖23的厚度方向Z上，第一端壁232较第一本体部231更远离于电极组件22。第一周壁233围设于第一端壁232的边缘，并连接于第一本体部231，第一周壁233与第一端壁232共同限定出第一容纳空间234，第一容纳空间234用于容纳极耳221的至少一部分。其中，第一周壁233包括第一圆弧壁2331，第一圆弧壁2331从第一端壁232沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至第一本体部231。
第一本体部231为端盖23与壳体21连接的部分，第一本体部231可以与壳体21焊接，焊接轨迹沿壳体21的开口方向延伸。第一本体部231可以板状结构，比如，第一本体部231可以是圆形板、长方形板等。若壳体21为圆柱体结构，第一本体部231则可以是圆形板；若壳体21为长方体结构，第一本体部231则可以是圆形板。示例性的，在图3中，第一本体部231为长方形板。
第一端壁232和第一周壁233整体形成凸出于第一本体部231的凸包，第一本体部231、第一端壁232和第一周壁233三者可以是一体成型结构。第一端壁232和第一周壁233的形状可以是多种，比如圆形、长方形等。可以是第一周壁233的一部分为第一圆弧壁2331，也可以是第一周壁233整体为第一圆弧壁2331。比如，第一端壁232和第一周壁233为圆形，则第一周壁233整体为第一圆弧壁2331；再如，第一端壁232和第一周壁233均为长方形，第一周壁233具有位于不同方位的四个壁，两个壁在端盖23的长度方向X相对设置，两个壁在端盖23的宽度方向Y布置，可以是一个壁为第一圆弧壁2331，也可以是两个壁为第一圆弧壁2331，也可以是三个壁为第一圆弧壁2331，也可以是四个壁为第一圆弧壁2331。
第一圆弧壁2331从第一端壁232沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至第一本体部231，可理解的，第一圆弧壁2331在第一圆弧轨迹上的两端分别与第一端壁232和第一本体部231连接。第一圆弧壁2331的横截面为圆弧形，第一圆弧壁2331的横截面为沿端盖23的厚度方向Z布置的平面。以第 一周壁233为长方形，且第一周壁233在端盖23的宽度方向Y上的一侧的壁为第一圆弧壁2331为例，第一圆弧壁2331的横截面为沿端盖23的厚度方向Z布置且垂直于端盖23的长度方向X的平面。
第一端壁232和第一周壁233共同限定出第一容纳空间234，第一容纳空间234用于容纳极耳221的至少一部分。可以是只有正极极耳221a容纳于第一容纳空间234内，也可以是只有负极极耳221b容纳于第一容纳空间234内，也可以是正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b均容纳于第一容纳空间234内。比如，正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b分别位于电极组件22在端盖23厚度方向Z上的两端，可以是正极极耳221a容纳于第一容纳空间234内，也可以是负极极耳221b容纳于第一容纳空间234内。再如，如图3所示，正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b均位于电极组件22在端盖23厚度方向Z上的同一端，正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b均容纳于第一容纳空间234(图3未示出)内。
在端盖23上设有泄压机构27的实施例中，泄压机构27可以安装于第一端壁232。在端盖23设有正极电极端子25a和负极电极端子25b的实施例中，正极电极端子25a和负极电极端子25b可以设置于第一端壁232，也可以设置于第一本体部231。示例性的，在图3中，正极电极端子25a和负极电极端子25b均设置于第一本体部231，凸包位于正极电极端子25a和负极电极端子25b之间。
如图4所示，在电极端子25(正极电极端子25a、负极电极端子25b)通过集流构件26与极耳221(正极极耳221a、负极极耳221b)连接的实施例中，集流构件26用于与极耳221连接的部分容纳于第一容纳空间234内。
在本申请实施例中，端盖23的长度方向X即为第一本体部231的长度方向X，端盖23的宽度方向Y即为第一本体部231的宽度方向Y，端盖23的厚度方向Z即为第一本体部231的厚度方向Z。
在本申请实施例中，第一周壁233的第一圆弧壁2331从第一端壁232沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至第一本体部231，使得第一端壁232通过第一圆弧壁2331圆滑的过渡至第一本体部231，改善第一周壁233与第一本体部231直角布置或第一周壁233与第一端壁232直角布置而带来的应力集中，提高第一周壁233与第一本体部231的连接位置或第一周壁233与第一端壁232的连接位置的抗破坏能力，提高电池单体20的使用寿命。
此外，第一圆弧壁2331从第一端壁232沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至第一本体部231，能够增大第一周壁233与第一端壁232共同限定出的第一容纳空间234，以容纳极耳221更多的部分，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，第一圆弧壁2331的外表面与第一本体部231的外表面相切；和/或，第一圆弧壁2331的内表面与第一本体部231的内表面相切。
第一圆弧壁2331的外表面为第一圆弧壁2331面向电池单体20外部的表面，第一圆弧壁2331的内表面为第一圆弧壁2331面向电池单体20内部的表面。以第一周壁233为长方形为例，第一圆弧壁2331的外表面和内表面均为圆弧面。
第一本体部231的外表面为第一本体部231面向电池单体20外部的表面，第一本体部231的内表面为第一本体部231面向电池单体20内部的表面。以第一本体部231为长方形板为例，第一本体部231的外表面和内表面均为平面。
示例性的，在图4中，第一圆弧壁2331的外表面与第一本体部231的外表面相切，且第一圆弧壁2331的内表面与第一本体部231的内表面相切。第一圆弧壁2331的厚度与第一本体部231的厚度相等。
在本实施例中，通过第一圆弧壁2331的外表面与第一本体部231的外表面相切，以及第一圆弧壁2331的内表面与第一本体部231的内表面相切，使得第一圆弧壁2331与第一本体部231的连接位置不易出现应力集中的情况，增大第一圆弧壁2331与第一本体部231的连接位置的爆破压力。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图4，第一圆弧轨迹的圆心位于电池单体20的外部。
以第一周壁233为长方形为例，第一周壁233中的至少一个壁为第一圆弧壁2331，第一圆弧轨迹的圆心位于电池单体20的外部，即，第一圆弧壁2331的轴线位于电池单体20的外部。
在第一圆弧壁2331的外表面与第一本体部231的外表面相切；和/或，第一圆弧壁2331的内表面与第一本体部231的内表面相切的实施例中，第一圆弧轨迹的圆心位于电池单体20的外部。
由于第一圆弧轨迹的圆心位于电池单体20的外部，使得第一圆弧壁2331向电池单体20内部的方向凹陷弯曲，减少端盖23占用电池单体20外部的空间，同时使得第一圆弧壁2331与第一本体部231的连接位置较为平滑，第一圆弧壁2331与第一本体部231的连接位置不易出现应力集中的情况。
在其他实施例中，第一圆弧轨迹的圆心也可以位于电池单体20的内部，使得第一圆弧壁2331向电池单体20外部的方向凹陷弯曲。在这种情况下，第一圆弧壁2331的外表面可以与端壁的外表面相切，第一圆弧壁2331的内表面也可以与端壁的内表面相切。
在一些实施例中，请参照图5，图5为图4所示的端盖23的剖视图，第一圆弧壁2331的圆心角α不大于90度。也就是说，第一圆弧壁2331的圆心角α可以等于90度，也可以小于90度。
第一圆弧壁2331的圆心角α为第一圆弧壁2331在第一圆弧轨迹上对应的圆弧段的圆心角α。第一圆弧壁2331在第一圆弧轨迹上具有两端，分别为第一端2331a和第二端2331b，第一端2331a与第一端壁232连接，第二端2331b与第一本体部231连接，第一端2331a与第一圆弧轨迹的圆心的连线为第一线段，第二端2331b与第一圆弧轨迹的圆心的连线为第二线段，第一线段与第二线段之间的夹角即为第一圆弧壁2331的圆心角α。
在本实施例中，第一圆弧壁2331的圆心角α不大于90度，使得第一端壁232通过第一圆弧壁2331更为平缓的过渡至第一本体部231。在第一圆弧壁2331的轴线位于电池单体20的外部的情况下，这种结构能够增大第一周壁233与第一端壁232共同限定出的第一容纳空间234，以容纳极耳221更多的部分，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，请参照图4和图5，第一周壁233包括两个第一圆弧壁2331，两个第一圆弧壁2331沿端盖23的宽度方向Y排布。
第一周壁233包括沿端盖23的宽度方向Y排布的两个第一圆弧壁2331，即第一周壁233中至少有沿端盖23的宽度方向Y排布的两个壁为第一圆弧壁2331。以第一周壁233为长方形为例，第一周壁233在端盖23长度方向X上排布的两个壁也可以是第一圆弧壁2331，即第一周壁233的四个壁均为第一圆弧壁2331。
在第一本体部231与壳体21焊接的情况下，在端盖23的宽度方向Y上，第一本体部231与壳体21的焊接位置距离第一周壁233相对较近，第一本体部231与第一周壁233连接位置容易受到第一本体部231与壳体21焊接的影响，使得第一本体部231与第一周壁233连接位置的抗破坏能力更差，使得该位置爆破压力不足。
而在本实施例中，将第一周壁233在端盖23的宽度方向Y上排布的两个壁设置为第一圆弧壁2331，使得第一端壁232在端盖23的宽度方向Y上的两端分别通过两个第一圆弧壁2331圆滑过渡至第一本体部231，第一周壁233在端盖23的宽度方向Y上与第一本体部231的连接位置不易出现应力集中，该连接位置即使受到第一本体部231与壳体21焊接的影响，也具有足够的爆破压力。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图5，两个第一圆弧壁2331在端盖23的宽度方向Y上对称分布。
两个第一圆弧壁2331关于对称平面对称分布，该对称平面与端盖23的宽度方向Y垂直。
在本实施例中，两个第一圆弧壁2331在端盖23的宽度方向Y上对称分布，使得两个第一 圆弧壁2331的形状、大小均相同，使得两个第一圆弧壁2331与第一本体部231的连接位置的抗破坏能力基本相同，以及两个第一圆弧壁2331与端壁的连接位置的抗破坏能力基本相同。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图4，电池单体20还包括绝缘件24，绝缘件24用于分隔端盖23和电极组件22。
绝缘件24设于端盖23面向电极组件22的一侧，绝缘件24为绝缘材质，绝缘件24可以是橡胶、塑料等材质。
绝缘件24起到分隔端盖23和电极组件22的作用，以降低因电极组件22的极耳221与端盖23接触，而造成正负极短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，请参照图4和图6，图6为图4所示的绝缘件24的结构示意图，绝缘件24包括第二本体部241和凸部242。第二本体部241在厚度方向Z上设置于第一本体部231面向电极组件22的一侧。凸部242从第二本体部241沿背离电极组件22的方向延伸至第一容纳空间234内，凸部242的内部形成有第二容纳空间243，第二容纳空间243用于容纳极耳221的至少一部分。
第二本体部241可以是板状结构，比如，第二本体部241为圆形板、长方形板。在第一本体部231为长方形板的情况下，第二本体部241也可以为长方形板；在第一本体部231为圆形板的情况下，第二本体部241也可以为长方形板。第二本体部241在端盖23的厚度方向Z上位于第一本体部231面向电极组件22的一侧，第二本体部241可以抵靠于第一本体部231的内表面。
凸部242为端盖23凸出于第二本体部241的部分，凸部242的形状可以是多种，比如圆形、长方形等。凸部242的形状可以根据端盖23的第一周壁233的形状设置。比如，第一圆周壁为圆形，则凸部242可以设置为圆形；再如，第一圆周壁为长方形，则凸部242可以设置为长方形。
凸部242内部形成第二容纳空间243，第二容纳空间243的开口位置形成于第二本体部241在端盖23的厚度方向Z上面向电极组件22的一侧。第二容纳空间243能够容纳极耳221的至少一部分。当然，可以是只有正极极耳221a容纳于第二容纳空间243内，也可以是只有负极极耳221b容纳于第二容纳空间243内，也可以是正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b均容纳于第二容纳空间243内。比如，电极组件22的正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b分别位于电极组件22在端盖23厚度方向Z上的两端，可以是正极极耳221a容纳于第二容纳空间243内，也可以是负极极耳221b容纳于第二容纳空间243内。再如，电极组件22的正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b均位于电极组件22在端盖23厚度方向Z上的同一端，正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b均容纳于第二容纳空间243内。
在本实施例中，绝缘件24的凸部242延伸至第一容纳空间234内，减少绝缘件24和端盖23整体在端盖23的厚度方向Z上的尺寸，使得绝缘件24与端盖23的结构更为紧凑。凸部242的内部形成第二容纳空间243，极耳221的至少一部分容纳于第二容纳空间243内，减少极耳221占用壳体21内部的空间，以为电极组件22的主体部分提供更多的空间，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图4，凸部242包括第二端壁2421和第二周壁2422。在厚度方向Z上，第二端壁2421较第二本体部241更远离于电极组件22。第二周壁2422围设于第二端壁2421的边缘，并连接于第二本体部241，第二周壁2422与第二端壁2421共同限定出第二容纳空间243。其中，第二周壁2422包括第二圆弧壁2422a，第二圆弧壁2422a与第一圆弧壁2331相对应，且从第二端壁2421沿第二圆弧轨迹延伸至第二本体部241，以避让极耳221
可以是第二周壁2422的一部分为第二圆弧壁2422a，也可以是第二周壁2422整体为第二圆弧壁2422a。比如，凸部242为圆形，第二周壁2422整体为第二圆弧壁2422a；再如，凸部242为长方形，第二周壁2422具有位于不同方位的四个壁，可以是一个壁为第二圆弧壁2422a，也可以是多个壁均为第二圆弧壁2422a。
第二圆弧壁2422a与第一圆弧壁2331相对应，即第二圆弧壁2422a与第一圆弧壁2331一 一对应。比如，第一周壁233有一个壁为第一圆弧壁2331，则第二周壁2422有一个壁为第二圆弧壁2422a；再如，第一周壁233有两个壁为第一圆弧壁2331，则第二周壁2422有两个壁为第二圆弧壁2422a。
第二圆弧壁2422a从第二端壁2421沿第二圆弧轨迹延伸至第二本体部241，可理解的，第二圆弧壁2422a在第二圆弧轨迹上的两端分别与第二端壁2421和第二本体部241连接。第二圆弧壁2422a的横截面为圆弧形，第二圆弧壁2422a的横截面为沿端盖23的厚度方向Z布置的平面。以凸部242为长方形，且第二周壁2422在端盖23的宽度方向Y上的一侧的壁为第二圆弧壁2422a为例，第二圆弧壁2422a的横截面为沿端盖23的厚度方向Z布置且垂直于端盖23的长度方向X的平面。
示例性的，第二圆弧轨迹和第一圆弧轨迹同心设置。
对于一般的电池单体20而言，若绝缘件24挤压极耳221，可能会造成极耳221插入电极组件22的主体部分内，刺破隔离膜，造成正负极短路。
而在本实施例中，由于第二圆弧壁2422a从第二端壁2421沿第二圆弧轨迹延伸至第二本体部241，第二圆弧壁2422a的圆弧结构能够避让极耳221，能够有效降低绝缘件24挤压极耳221的风险。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图4，第二圆弧壁2422a贴合于第一圆弧壁2331。
第二圆弧壁2422a体贴合于第一圆弧壁2331，即第二圆弧壁2422a的外表面与第一圆弧壁2331的内表面贴合，使得第二圆弧壁2422a的轮廓与第一圆弧壁2331的轮廓相适配。
在第二圆弧壁2422a贴合于第一圆弧壁2331的情况下，第二本体部241也可以贴合于第一本体部231，第二端壁2421也可以贴合于第一端壁232。
在本实施例中，第二圆弧壁2422a贴合于第一圆弧壁2331，使得第二圆弧壁2422a和第一圆弧壁2331更为紧凑，增大了第二周壁2422与第二端壁2421共同限定出的第二容纳空间243，更有利于第二圆弧壁2422a避让极耳221。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图4，第二周壁2422包括两个第二圆弧壁2422a，两个第二圆弧壁2422a沿端盖23的宽度方向Y排布，一个第二圆弧壁2422a用于避让电极组件22在宽度方向Y上一侧的极耳221，另一个第二圆弧壁2422a用于避让电极组件22在宽度方向Y上另一侧的极耳221。
第二周壁2422包括沿端盖23的宽度方向Y排布的两个第二圆弧壁2422a，即第二周壁2422中至少有沿端盖23的宽度方向Y排布的两个壁为第二圆弧壁2422a。以凸部242为长方形为例，第二周壁2422在端盖23长度方向X上排布的两个壁也可以是第二圆弧壁2422a。可理解的，第二周壁2422在端盖23宽度方向Y上的两个壁为第二圆弧壁2422a，那么，第一周壁233在宽度方向Y上的两个壁对应为第一圆弧壁2331。
在宽度方向Y上，第二周壁2422的两个第二圆弧壁2422a分别对应避让电极组件22两侧的极耳221。以正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b位于电极组件22在端盖23的厚度方向Z上的同一端为例，一个第二圆弧壁2422a用于避让电极组件22在宽度方向Y上的一侧的正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b，另一个第二圆弧壁2422a用于避让电极组件22在宽度方向Y上的另一侧的正极极耳221a和负极极耳221b。
在本实施例中，第二周壁2422的两个第二圆弧壁2422a能够分别避让电极组件22在端盖23的宽度方向Y上两侧的极耳221，使得电极组件22在端盖23的宽度方向Y上两侧的极耳221均不易受到绝缘件24挤压。
在一些实施例中，第一本体部231焊接于壳体21。
第一本体部231与壳体21焊接的焊印位于第一本体部231的边缘位置，该焊印沿着壳体21的开口的周向延伸。
第一本体部231与壳体21通过焊接的方式连接，在保证第一本体部231与壳体21连接后的牢固性的同时，能够确保第一本体部231与壳体21之间的密封性。
本申请实施例提供一种电池100，包括箱体10和上述任意一个实施例提供的电池单体20，箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。
本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，包括上述任意一个实施例提供的电池100。
此外，请参照图4，本申请实施例提供一种方形电池单体，其包括壳体21、电极组件22、端盖23和绝缘件24，电极组件22容纳于壳体21内，端盖23焊接于壳体21的开口，绝缘件24用于分隔端盖23和电极组件22。
端盖23包括第一本体部231、第一端壁232和第一周壁233，第一周壁233围设于第一端壁232的边缘，并连接于第一本体部231，第一周壁233与第一端壁232共同限定出第一容纳空间234。第一周壁233包括两个第一圆弧壁2331，第一圆弧壁2331从第一端壁232沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至第一本体部231，第一圆弧轨迹的圆心位于方形电池单体的外部，两个第一圆弧壁2331沿端盖23的宽度方向Y排布。绝缘件24包括第二本体部241、第二端壁2421和第二周壁2422，第二周壁2422围设于第二端壁2421的边缘，并连接于第二本体部241，第二端壁2421和第二周壁2422容纳于第一容纳空间234内，第二周壁2422与第二端壁2421共同限定出第二容纳空间243，第二容纳空间243用于容纳极耳221的至少一部分。第二周壁2422包括两个第二圆弧壁2422a，第二圆弧壁2422a贴合于第一圆弧壁2331，两个第二圆弧壁2422a端盖23的宽度方向Y排布，两个第二圆弧壁2422a用于分别避让电极组件22在端盖23的宽度方向Y上两侧的极耳221。
在这样的方形电池单体中，第一周壁233在端盖23的宽度方向Y上与第一本体部231的连接位置不易出现应力集中，降低端盖23因与壳体21焊接产生应力集中对端盖23带来的影响，提高电池单体20的使用寿命。绝缘件24的第二圆弧壁2422a能够避让电极组件22在端盖23的宽度方向Y上两侧的极耳221，降低绝缘件24挤压极耳221的风险。
请参照图7，图7为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的制造方法的流程图，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20的制造方法，制造方法包括：
S100：提供壳体21，壳体21具有开口；
S200：提供电极组件22，电极组件22具有极耳221；
S300：提供端盖23；
S400：将电极组件22容纳于壳体21内；
S500：将端盖23盖合于壳体21的开口。
其中，端盖23包括第一本体部231、第一端壁232和第一周壁233。第一本体部231用于连接壳体21。在端盖23的厚度方向Z上，第一端壁232较第一本体部231更远离于电极组件22。第一周壁233围设于第一端壁232的边缘，并连接于第一本体部231，第一周壁233与第一端壁232共同限定出第一容纳空间234，第一容纳空间234用于容纳极耳221的至少一部分。第一周壁233包括第一圆弧壁2331，第一圆弧壁2331从第一端壁232沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至第一本体部231。
在上述方法中，并不限制步骤S100、步骤S200和步骤S300，比如，可以先执行步骤S300，再执行步骤S200，再执行步骤S100。
需要说明的是，通过上述各实施例提供的制造方法制造的电池单体20的相关结构，可参见前述各实施例提供的电池单体20，在此不再赘述。
请参照图8，图8为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的制造设备2000的示意性框图，本申请实施例还提供一种电池单体20的制造设备2000，制造设备2000包括第一提供装置2100、第二提供装置2200、第三提供装置2300和组装装置2400。
第一提供装置2100用于提供壳体21，壳体21具有开口。第二提供装置2200用于提供电 极组件22，电极组件22具有极耳221。第三提供装置2300用于提供端盖23。组装装置2400用于将电极组件22容纳于壳体21内；组装装置2400还用于将端盖23盖合于开口。
其中，端盖23包括第一本体部231、第一端2331a盖和第一周壁233。第一本体部231用于连接壳体21。在端盖23的厚度方向Z上，第一端壁232较第一本体部231更远离于电极组件22。第一周壁233围设于第一端壁232的边缘，并连接于第一本体部231，第一周壁233与第一端壁232共同限定出第一容纳空间234，第一容纳空间234用于容纳极耳221的至少一部分。第一周壁233包括第一圆弧壁2331，第一圆弧壁2331从第一端壁232沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至第一本体部231。
需要说明的是，通过上述实施例提供的制造设备2000制造的电池单体20的相关结构，可参见前述各实施例提供的电池单体20，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种电池单体，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体，具有开口；
    电极组件，具有极耳，所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内；
    端盖，用于盖合于所述开口，所述端盖包括：
    第一本体部，用于连接所述壳体；
    第一端壁，在所述端盖的厚度方向上，所述第一端壁较所述第一本体部更远离于所述电极组件；
    第一周壁，围设于所述第一端壁的边缘，并连接于所述第一本体部，所述第一周壁与所述第一端壁共同限定出第一容纳空间，所述第一容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分；
    其中，所述第一周壁包括第一圆弧壁，所述第一圆弧壁从所述第一端壁沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至所述第一本体部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述第一圆弧壁的外表面与所述第一本体部的外表面相切；和/或，所述第一圆弧壁的内表面与第一本体部的内表面相切。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述第一圆弧轨迹的圆心位于所述电池单体的外部。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述第一圆弧壁的圆心角不大于90度。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述第一周壁包括两个所述第一圆弧壁，两个所述第一圆弧壁沿所述端盖的宽度方向排布。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池单体，其特征在于，两个所述第一圆弧壁在所述宽度方向上对称分布。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述电池单体还包括：
    绝缘件，所述绝缘件用于分隔所述端盖和所述电极组件。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述绝缘件包括：
    第二本体部，在所述厚度方向上设置于所述第一本体部面向所述电极组件的一侧；
    凸部，从所述第二本体部沿背离所述电极组件的方向延伸至所述第一容纳空间内，所述凸部的内部形成有第二容纳空间，所述第二容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述凸部包括：
    第二端壁，在所述厚度方向上，所述第二端壁较所述第二本体部更远离于所述电极组件；
    第二周壁，围设于所述第二端壁的边缘，并连接于所述第二本体部，所述第二周壁与所述第二端壁共同限定出所述第二容纳空间；
    其中，所述第二周壁包括第二圆弧壁，所述第二圆弧壁与所述第一圆弧壁相对应，且从所述第二端壁沿第二圆弧轨迹延伸至所述第二本体部，以避让所述极耳。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述第二圆弧壁贴合于所述第一圆弧壁。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述第二周壁包括两个所述第二圆弧壁，两个所述第二圆弧壁沿所述端盖的宽度方向排布，一个所述第二圆弧壁用于避让电极组件在所述宽度方向上一侧的极耳，另一个所述第二圆弧壁用于避让电极组件在所述宽度方向上另一侧的极耳。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述第一本体部焊接于所述壳体。
  13. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1-12任一项所述的电池单体；
    箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体。
  14. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求13所述的电池。
  15. 一种电池单体的制造方法，其特征在于，所述制造方法包括：
    提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；
    提供电极组件，所述电极组件具有极耳；
    提供端盖；
    将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内；
    将所述端盖盖合于所述开口；
    其中，所述端盖包括：
    第一本体部，用于连接所述壳体；
    第一端壁，在所述端盖的厚度方向上，所述第一端壁较所述第一本体部更远离于所述电极组件；
    第一周壁，围设于所述第一端壁的边缘，并连接于所述第一本体部，所述第一周壁与所述第一端壁共同限定出第一容纳空间，所述第一容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分；
    其中，所述第一周壁包括第一圆弧壁，所述第一圆弧壁从所述第一端壁沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至所述第一本体部。
  16. 一种电池单体的制造设备，其特征在于，所述制造设备包括：
    第一提供装置，用于提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；
    第二提供装置，用于提供电极组件，所述电极组件具有极耳；
    第三提供装置，用于提供端盖；
    组装装置，用于将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内；还用于将所述端盖盖合于所述开口；
    其中，所述端盖包括：
    第一本体部，用于连接所述壳体；
    第一端壁，在所述端盖的厚度方向上，所述第一端壁较所述第一本体部更远离于所述电极组件；
    第一周壁，围设于所述第一端壁的边缘，并连接于所述第一本体部，所述第一周壁与所述第一端壁共同限定出第一容纳空间，所述第一容纳空间用于容纳所述极耳的至少一部分；
    其中，所述第一周壁包括第一圆弧壁，所述第一圆弧壁从所述第一端壁沿第一圆弧轨迹延伸至所述第一本体部。
PCT/CN2022/070164 2022-01-04 2022-01-04 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 WO2023130228A1 (zh)

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CN1323455A (zh) * 1998-08-21 2001-11-21 永备电池有限公司 具有减压机构的电池结构
CN103370809A (zh) * 2011-03-25 2013-10-23 松下电器产业株式会社 硬币型电池
CN110350112A (zh) * 2019-07-23 2019-10-18 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 二次电池
KR20200052738A (ko) * 2018-11-07 2020-05-15 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 이차 전지
CN113228384A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2021-08-06 松下知识产权经营株式会社 电池及其制造方法
CN214706073U (zh) * 2021-06-24 2021-11-12 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池壳体、电池和电子器件

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1323455A (zh) * 1998-08-21 2001-11-21 永备电池有限公司 具有减压机构的电池结构
CN103370809A (zh) * 2011-03-25 2013-10-23 松下电器产业株式会社 硬币型电池
KR20200052738A (ko) * 2018-11-07 2020-05-15 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 이차 전지
CN113228384A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2021-08-06 松下知识产权经营株式会社 电池及其制造方法
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CN214706073U (zh) * 2021-06-24 2021-11-12 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池壳体、电池和电子器件

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