WO2024000747A1 - 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 - Google Patents

端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024000747A1
WO2024000747A1 PCT/CN2022/112036 CN2022112036W WO2024000747A1 WO 2024000747 A1 WO2024000747 A1 WO 2024000747A1 CN 2022112036 W CN2022112036 W CN 2022112036W WO 2024000747 A1 WO2024000747 A1 WO 2024000747A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cap
covering
output
fuse
end cover
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/112036
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑挺
李全坤
白璐璐
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280062224.8A priority Critical patent/CN117999700A/zh
Publication of WO2024000747A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024000747A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/583—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to current, e.g. fuses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, specifically, to an end cover assembly, a battery cell, a battery and electrical equipment.
  • Batteries are widely used in the field of new energy, such as electric vehicles, new energy vehicles, etc. New energy vehicles and electric vehicles have become a new development trend in the automobile industry. The development of battery technology must consider multiple design factors at the same time, such as energy density, cycle life, discharge capacity, charge and discharge rate and other performance parameters. In addition, battery safety also needs to be considered. However, current battery cells are prone to fire or even explosion when overloaded or short-circuited, and their safety is poor.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an end cover assembly, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which aims to improve the related technology in which battery cells are prone to fire or even explosion when overloaded or short-circuited, resulting in poor safety.
  • the problem is to provide an end cover assembly, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which aims to improve the related technology in which battery cells are prone to fire or even explosion when overloaded or short-circuited, resulting in poor safety.
  • inventions of the present application provide an end cover assembly.
  • the end cover assembly is used for a battery cell.
  • the battery cell includes a casing.
  • the end cover assembly includes an end cover, an electrode terminal and a connector.
  • the end cover is used to close the opening of the housing; the electrode terminal is provided on the end cover; the connector is located on the side of the end cover away from the housing, and the connector includes a connecting part, an output part and a fuse part,
  • the connection part is connected to the electrode terminal; the output part is used to output or input the electric energy of the battery cell; the fuse part connects the connection part and the output part.
  • the end cover assembly is provided with a connector on the side of the end cover away from the housing, and the connecting portion of the connector is connected to the electrode terminal, which will not affect the sealing performance between the electrode terminal and the end cover. Will increase the difficulty of sealing.
  • the connection part and the output part are connected by a fuse part. When the current passing through the fuse part is too large, the fuse part will melt itself, disconnecting the connection part and the output part to play a protective role. In addition, since the fuse part is located on the side of the end cover away from the housing, it will not come into contact with the electrolyte after fusing, and will not ignite the electrolyte, making it safer.
  • the end cover assembly includes an insulating member, and the insulating member at least partially covers the fuse part.
  • the insulating member at least partially covers the fuse part.
  • the external force can be transmitted to the insulating member to disperse the external force and reduce the possibility of the fuse part being damaged due to external force. sex.
  • the insulating member at least partially covers the fuse part, which reduces the contact area between the fuse part and the air, and can play a certain flame retardant role when the fuse part is blown.
  • the insulation parts can be made of flame-retardant materials to achieve better flame-retardant effect.
  • the insulating member is at least partially located between the end cover and the connecting member to insulate and isolate the connecting member from the end cover.
  • the connecting member and the end cover are insulated and isolated, thereby preventing the end cover from contacting the connecting member and causing a short circuit.
  • a recess is provided on the end cover, and at least a part of the insulating member is positioned and matched with the recess.
  • the insulating member is positioned by positioning and matching the insulating member with the recessed portion to prevent the insulating member from being displaced and thereby losing the coating effect on the fuse portion.
  • the insulating member includes a first covering part, a second covering part and a third covering part connected in sequence, and the first covering part covers the As for the fuse part, the second covering part covers the connecting part, and the third covering part covers the output part.
  • the first coating part covers the fuse part to increase the strength of the fuse part, reduce the possibility of the fuse part being damaged due to external force, and at the same time provide a flame retardant effect when the fuse part is blown.
  • the connecting part and the end cover are insulated and isolated, thereby preventing the connecting part from contacting the end cover and causing a short circuit.
  • the output part and the end cover are insulated and isolated, thereby preventing the output part from contacting the end cover and causing a short circuit.
  • the connecting part is covered by the second covering part and the output part is covered by the third covering part, when the output part is connected to the load, misconnection (that is, connecting the connecting part to the load) is less likely to occur.
  • the first covering part, the second covering part and the third covering part are connected in sequence, with good integrity, and can protect the connecting part, the fuse part and the output part, so that the connecting part is not easily damaged by external force. damage.
  • the end cover is provided with a recess, and at least one of the first covering part, the second covering part and the third covering part accommodated in the recess.
  • At least one of the first covering part, the second covering part and the third covering part is accommodated in the recessed part to position the insulating part and prevent the insulating part from being displaced.
  • the coating of the first coating part, the second coating part or the third coating part fails.
  • the first covering part, the second covering part and the third covering part are all accommodated in the recessed part.
  • the first covering part, the second covering part and the third covering part are all accommodated in the recess, which has a better positioning effect on the insulating part and the relative position of the insulating part and the end cover is not easy to change. Insulating parts can play a better insulation role.
  • the end cap partially protrudes along the thickness direction of the end cap to form a convex portion, the first covering portion is provided on the convex portion, and the third At least a part of the covering part is received in the recessed part.
  • a part of the end cover protrudes along the thickness direction to form a convex portion, and a recessed space is formed correspondingly on the side of the end cover opposite to the convex portion in the thickness direction.
  • the recessed space can accommodate components inside the battery cell. , which is conducive to improving the energy density of battery cells.
  • the first coating part is arranged on the convex part, so that the fuse part covered by the first coating part is also located on the convex part, and the fuse part does not need to be bent, which is beneficial to ensuring the strength of the fuse part. At least a part of the third covering portion is received in the recessed portion to facilitate positioning of the insulating member.
  • the output section includes a first connection section, an output section and a second connection section, and the first connection section is connected to the fuse section; the output section is used to Output or input the electric energy of the battery cell; the second connection section connects the first connection section and the output section, the output part forms a bend in the second connection section, and the first connection section
  • the third covering portion and the output portion extend in opposite directions at both ends of the second connecting portion; the portion of the third covering portion covering the output portion is received in the recessed portion.
  • the connecting part has a mounting hole for mounting the electrode terminal, and the second covering part corresponds to the mounting hole on a side away from the end cover.
  • a first escape hole is provided at the position.
  • the diameter of the first escape hole is 10 to 15 mm.
  • limiting the diameter of the first escape hole to 10 to 15 mm can ensure the avoidance of the connection device while also having a better covering effect, so that when connecting the output part to the load , it is less likely to cause misconnection (that is, connecting the connecting part to the load). If the diameter of the first escape hole is less than 10 mm, the second covering part may easily interfere with the connecting device, thereby affecting the connection effect or damaging the second covering part. If the diameter of the first escape hole is greater than 15mm, the second covering part cannot cover the connecting part well and cannot protect the connecting part. When connecting the output part to the load, misconnection (ie, connection) may easily occur. connected to the load).
  • the third covering part is provided with a second escape hole on a side away from the end cover, and the output part is at a position corresponding to the second escape hole. Form a connection area exposed to the outside world.
  • connection area is used to connect with the load to output the electric energy of the battery cell or to the battery.
  • the unit inputs electrical energy.
  • the connecting area is provided with a protruding portion, and the protruding portion is at least partially accommodated in the second escape hole.
  • the output part has a first surface facing away from the end cap, and the second covering part has a surface facing away from the end cap.
  • the second surface exceeds the first surface by 0.1 to 0.5mm.
  • the second surface exceed the first surface by 0.1 to 0.5 mm, it is not only convenient to wire or weld the busbar on the output part to electrically connect the load and the output part, but also to connect the output part and the load. It plays a fool-proof role when connecting, so that misconnection is less likely to occur (that is, connecting the connecting part to the load). It can also prevent to a certain extent the interference between the wire harness or busbar and the insulating parts after wiring or welding the busbar. If the height of the second surface beyond the first surface is less than 0.1mm, the convenience of wiring or welding the busbar on the output part will not be significantly improved, and the anti-fooling effect will be poor.
  • the wire harness or busbar After wiring or welding the busbar, the wire harness or busbar will It is still relatively easy for the rows and insulation parts to interfere. If the height of the second surface beyond the first surface is greater than 0.5 mm, the protruding height of the output part is too high and may easily interfere with other structures.
  • the insulating part is an injection molded part formed on the surface of the connecting part.
  • the insulating piece is injection molded on the surface of the connecting piece, so that the insulating piece can fit on the surface of the connecting piece, and the coating effect on the connecting piece is better.
  • the insulating part isolates the fuse part from the outside world, so that there is less or no air between the fuse part and the insulating part. In this way, when the fuse part is blown, it is difficult to burn due to the lack of air, and it is difficult to cause the end cover assembly to catch fire. Has higher security.
  • the output part, the connecting part and the fuse part are integrally formed.
  • the output part, the connecting part and the fuse part are integrally formed, so that the connection strength of the three parts is better.
  • the output part, the connecting part and the fuse part are integrally formed, which requires fewer and simpler processes than welding, which can reduce production costs.
  • the fuse portion is formed by thinning a groove or a through hole on the connecting piece.
  • a groove or a through hole is opened on the connecting piece for thinning.
  • the remaining part after thinning has a greater resistance.
  • the connecting piece passes current, the heat is greater in this position after thinning, making it easier to Fuse, thus forming a fuse part.
  • inventions of the present application further provide a battery cell.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly, a casing and the above-mentioned end cover assembly.
  • the casing has an accommodating space with an open end, and the accommodating space Used to accommodate the electrode assembly; the end cover is connected to the housing and closes the opening.
  • inventions of the present application further provide a battery.
  • the battery includes a box and the above-mentioned battery cell, and the battery cell is accommodated in the box.
  • embodiments of the present application further provide an electrical device, where the electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of an end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulator provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic top view of an end cap assembly according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view at position A-A in Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating member provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating member provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is an exploded view of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector (two through holes are opened to form a fuse portion) provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector (a through hole is opened to form a fuse portion) provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector (with grooves forming a fuse portion) provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icon 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery cell; 21-end cover assembly; 211-end cover; 2111-recess; 2112-third through hole; 2113-convex part ; 212-electrode terminal; 213-connector; 2131-connection part; 21311-mounting hole; 2132-fuse part; 2133-output part; 21331-protruding part; 21332-first surface; 21333-first connection section; 21334-output section; 21335-second connection section; 214-insulator; 2141-first covering part; 2142-second covering part; 21421-first escape hole; 21422-second through hole; 21423-th Two surfaces; 2143-third coating part; 21431-second escape hole; 215-seal; 216-insulator; 2161-first through hole; 2162-protrusion; 22-electrode assembly; 23-casing; 100 -Battery; 200-Controller; 300-Mot
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • “Plural” appearing in this application means two or more (including two).
  • battery cells may include lithium ion secondary battery cells, lithium ion primary battery cells, lithium sulfur battery cells, sodium lithium ion battery cells, sodium ion battery cells or magnesium ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the positive electrode current collector that is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode current collector that is coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the cathode current collector without coating the cathode active material layer serves as the cathode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode current collector that is coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive electrode lugs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode lugs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly may have a rolled structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • Batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. As battery application fields continue to expand, its market demand is also expanding.
  • the inventor further studied and found that existing battery cells are equipped with a fuse structure for overload protection, but the fuse structure is placed inside the battery cell. When the current passing through the fuse structure is too large and causes the fuse structure to fuse, the fuse structure can easily ignite the electrolyte, causing the battery cells to catch fire or even explode.
  • inventions of the present application provide an end cap assembly.
  • the end cap assembly includes an end cap, an electrode terminal and a connecting piece.
  • the end cap is used to close the opening of the housing, and the electrode terminal is arranged on the end cap.
  • the connecting piece is located on the side of the end cap facing away from the housing.
  • the connector includes a connecting part, an output part and a fuse part.
  • the connection part is connected to the electrode terminal, and the output part is used to output or input the electric energy of the battery cell.
  • the fuse part connects the connection part and the output part.
  • the fuse part of the end cover assembly is located on the side of the end cover away from the casing, that is, the fuse part is located outside the battery cell. In this way, when the current passing through the fuse part is too large, the fuse part will melt itself and play a protective role. Since the fuse is located on the side of the end cover away from the housing, it will not come into contact with the electrolyte after fusion and will not ignite the electrolyte, making it safer.
  • the end cover assembly is provided with a connector on the side of the end cover away from the housing, and the connecting portion of the connector is connected to the electrode terminal, which will not affect the sealing performance between the electrode terminal and the end cover, and will not increase the difficulty of sealing. .
  • Power-consuming devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal Cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators and planers, etc.
  • the embodiments of this application impose no special restrictions on the above electrical equipment.
  • the electric equipment is the vehicle 1000 as an example.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 , and the battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300 .
  • the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to provide power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but also can be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a case 10 and battery cells 20 , and the battery cells 20 are accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the box 10 is used to provide an accommodation space for the battery cells 20, and the box 10 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12 , the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a space for accommodating the battery cells 20 of accommodation space.
  • the second part 12 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 may be a plate-like structure.
  • the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12 so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a receiving space.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 is covered with the open side of the second part 12.
  • the box 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • the battery 100 there may be a plurality of battery cells 20, and the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection.
  • Mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • the plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of the plurality of battery cells 20 can be accommodated in the box 10 ; of course, the battery 100 can also be a plurality of battery cells 20 First, the battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 10 .
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures.
  • the battery 100 may further include a bus component for realizing electrical connections between multiple battery cells 20 .
  • Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery cell or a primary battery cell; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell or a magnesium-ion battery cell, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes the battery 100 .
  • the battery cell 20 includes an end cap assembly 21 , an electrode assembly 22 and a case 23 .
  • the end cover assembly 21 includes an end cover 211.
  • the end cover 211 refers to a component that covers the opening of the housing 23 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 211 may be adapted to the shape of the housing 23 to fit the housing 23 .
  • the end cap 211 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). In this way, the end cap 211 is less likely to deform when subjected to extrusion and collision, so that the battery cell 20 can have higher durability. Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved.
  • the end cap 211 can also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the housing 23 is a component used to cooperate with the end cover 211 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 20 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22 , electrolyte, and other components.
  • the housing 23 and the end cover 211 may be independent components, and an opening may be provided on the housing 23.
  • the end cover 211 covers the opening at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20.
  • the end cover 211 and the housing 23 can also be integrated.
  • the end cover 211 and the housing 23 can form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the inside of the housing 23 When, the end cover 211 is closed with the housing 23 again.
  • the housing 23 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 23 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the housing 23 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is a component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • One or more electrode assemblies 22 may be contained within the housing 23 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive electrode sheets and negative electrode sheets, and an isolation film is usually provided between the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets.
  • the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that contain active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 22 , and the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet that do not contain active material each constitute tabs.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located together at one end of the main body or respectively located at both ends of the main body. During the charging and discharging process of the battery 100, the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of the end cap assembly 21 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the end cover assembly 21 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the connector 213 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating member 214 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of the end cover assembly 21 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view at position A-A in Figure 8 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an end cover assembly 21.
  • the end cover assembly 21 is used for a battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a case 23.
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes an end cap 211 , an electrode terminal 212 and a connector 213 .
  • the end cap 211 is used to close the opening of the housing 23 , and the electrode terminal 212 is provided on the end cap 211 .
  • the connecting piece 213 is located on the side of the end cover 211 facing away from the housing 23 .
  • the connecting piece 213 includes a connecting part 2131, an output part 2133 and a fuse part 2132.
  • the connection part 2131 is connected to the electrode terminal 212
  • the output part 2133 is used to output or input the electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the fuse part 2132 connects the connection part 2131 and the output part 2133.
  • the electrode terminal 212 is a component for electrically connecting to the electrode assembly 22 for outputting or inputting electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the electrode terminal 212 is provided on the end cover 211.
  • the end cover 211 may have a third through hole 2112, and the electrode terminal 212 at least partially extends into the third through hole 2112.
  • the connector 213 is made of conductive material and is a conductive component.
  • the connector 213 is entirely located on the side of the end cover 211 away from the housing 23 , or in other words, the connector 213 is located on the side of the end cover 211 away from the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the connecting part 2131 is the part of the connecting piece 213 that is connected to the electrode terminal 212.
  • the connecting part 2131 is connected to the electrode terminal 212. On the one hand, it limits the connecting piece 213, and on the other hand, it enables the connecting piece 213 to receive the battery cell 20.
  • the electric energy is output or the electric energy is input into the battery cell 20 .
  • the connecting portion 2131 is provided with a mounting hole 21311, and the electrode terminal 212 extends into the mounting hole 21311 to connect with the connecting portion 2131.
  • the connecting portion 2131 is riveted to the electrode terminal 212 .
  • the fuse part 2132 is a component of the connector 213 that plays a fuse protection role.
  • the fuse part 2132 can fuse when the current passing through it is too large, thereby disconnecting the connection part 2131 and the output part 2133 to provide short-circuit protection or overload protection.
  • the output part 2133 is a part of the connector 213 for electrical connection with the load, so as to supply the electric energy of the battery cell 20 output or input from the electrode terminal 212 to the load.
  • the end cover assembly 21 is provided with a connector 213 on the side of the end cover 211 away from the housing 23.
  • the connecting portion 2131 of the connector 213 is connected to the electrode terminal 212, which will not affect the sealing performance between the electrode terminal 212 and the end cover 211. It will not increase the difficulty of sealing.
  • the connection part 2131 and the output part 2133 are connected through the fuse part 2132. When the current passing through the fuse part 2132 is too large, the fuse part 2132 will melt itself, disconnecting the connection part 2131 and the output part 2133 for protection.
  • the fuse portion 2132 since the fuse portion 2132 is located on the side of the end cover 211 away from the housing 23, it will not come into contact with the electrolyte after being fused, and will not ignite the electrolyte, which is safer.
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes a seal 215 that is sealingly disposed between the electrode terminal 212 and the end cap 211 to seal the electrode terminal 212 and the end cap 211 to prevent electrolyte from leaking from the electrode terminal 212 and the end cap 211 . Leakage between cover 211.
  • the sealing member 215 may be a sealant, a sealing gasket, a sealing sheet, or the like.
  • the electrode terminal 212 at least partially penetrates the sealing member 215 , and the sealing member 215 partially extends into the third through hole 2112 to seal the electrode terminal 212 with the inner wall of the third through hole 2112 .
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes an insulator 216 located on a side of the end cap 211 facing the housing 23.
  • the insulator 216 can be used to isolate the electrode assembly 22 from the end cap 211 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulator 216 may be plastic, rubber, or the like.
  • the insulator 216 is provided with a first through hole 2161 through which the power supply terminal 212 passes, so as to allow the electrode terminal 212 to pass through the insulator 216 and extend into the third through hole 2112.
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes an insulating member 214 that at least partially covers the fuse portion 2132 .
  • the insulating member 214 is made of a material with insulating properties, such as plastic or rubber. "The insulating member 214 at least partially covers the fuse part 2132" includes two solutions: the insulating member 214 covers a part of the fuse part 2132 and the insulating member 214 completely covers the fuse part 2132.
  • the insulating member 214 can insulate the end cover 211 from the fuse portion 2132 to avoid electrical connection between the end cover 211 and the fuse portion 2132. This causes the battery cell 20 to be short-circuited.
  • the insulating member 214 By at least partially covering the fuse portion 2132 with the insulating member 214, on the one hand, when the fuse portion 2132 is subjected to external force, the external force can be transmitted to the insulating member 214 to disperse the external force and reduce the possibility of the fuse portion 2132 being damaged due to external force. .
  • the insulating member 214 at least partially covers the fuse portion 2132, which reduces the contact area between the fuse portion 2132 and the air, and can provide a certain flame retardant effect when the fuse portion 2132 fuses.
  • the insulating member 214 can be made of flame-retardant material to achieve better flame-retardant effect.
  • the insulating member 214 is at least partially located between the end cover 211 and the connector 213 to insulate the connector 213 from the end cover 211 .
  • the insulating member 214 is at least partially located between the end cover 211 and the connecting member 213" includes two solutions: the insulating member 214 is entirely located between the end cover 211 and the connecting member 213, and the insulating member 214 is partially located between the end cover 211 and the connecting member 213. .
  • the insulating member 214 When the insulating member 214 is entirely located between the end cover 211 and the connecting member 213 , the insulating member 214 only covers the surface of the fuse portion 2132 facing the end cover 211 .
  • the projection of the insulating member 214 on the end cover 211 completely coincides with the projection of the connecting member 213 on the end cover 211.
  • the insulating member 214 has a better insulation effect and can be
  • the connector 213 is insulated from the end cover 211 to prevent the connector 213 from contacting the end cover 211 and causing a short circuit.
  • the insulating piece 214 When the insulating piece 214 is partially located between the end cover 211 and the connecting piece 213, the insulating piece 214 may cover other surfaces of the fuse part 2132 or may cover the connecting part 2131 and/or the output part 2133.
  • the connecting member 213 is insulated from the end cover 211, thereby preventing the end cover 211 from contacting the connecting member 213 and causing a short circuit.
  • the end cap 211 is provided with a recess 2111, and at least a part of the insulating member 214 is positioned and matched with the recess 2111.
  • the end cap 211 has an outer surface facing away from the housing 23 and an inner surface facing the housing 23.
  • the recess 2111 is recessed from the outer surface toward the inner surface.
  • the recess 2111 is a groove.
  • the third through hole 2112 is opened in the bottom surface of the recess 2111.
  • At least a part of the insulating member 214 is positioned and matched with the recess 2111 includes two solutions: a part of the insulating member 214 is positioned and matched with the recess 2111, and the entire insulating member 214 is positioned and matched with the recess 2111.
  • the contour of the recessed portion 2111 and the shape of the insulating member 214 can be roughly matched to achieve a better positioning effect.
  • At least a portion of the insulating member 214 is embedded in the recess 2111 to achieve positioning cooperation between the insulating member 214 and the recess 2111 .
  • the insulating member 214 extends into the third through hole 2112 and is attached to the wall of the third through hole 2112 .
  • the insulating member 214 can insulate the electrode terminal 212 and the end cover 211 to prevent the electrode terminal 212 from contacting the end cover 211 and causing a short circuit.
  • the position of the insulating member 214 can be restricted so that the insulating member 214 is not easily moved relative to the end cover 211 .
  • the insulating member 214 By positioning and matching the insulating member 214 with the recess 2111, the insulating member 214 is positioned to prevent the insulating member 214 from being displaced and thereby losing the covering effect on the fuse portion 2132.
  • the insulating member 214 includes a first covering portion 2141, a second covering portion 2142, and a third covering portion 2143 connected in sequence.
  • the first covering part 2141 covers the fuse part 2132
  • the second covering part 2142 covers the connecting part 2131
  • the third covering part 2143 covers the output part 2133.
  • the first covering part 2141 is the part of the insulating member 214 that covers the fuse part 2132
  • the second covering part 2142 is the part of the insulating part 214 that covers the connecting part 2131
  • the third covering part 2143 is the part of the insulating part 214 that covers the connecting part 2131 . covering the output part 2133.
  • the first covering part 2141, the second covering part 2142 and the third covering part 2143 all have an insulating effect, and can respectively connect the fuse part 2132 and the end cover 211, the connecting part 2131 and the end cover 211, the output part 2133 and the end cover. 211 insulation isolation.
  • a second through hole 21422 is opened on the wall of the first covering part 2141 facing the end cover 211.
  • the second through hole 21422 is used for the power supply terminal 212 to pass through, so that the electrode terminal 212 can extend into the connecting part 2131.
  • the first covering part 2141 completely covers the fuse part 2132
  • the second covering part 2142 covers a part of the connecting part 2131
  • the second covering part 2142 covers the connecting part 2132
  • the surface of the connecting portion 2131 facing the end cover 211 also covers multiple side surfaces of the connecting portion 2131 and a portion of the surface of the connecting portion 2131 facing away from the end cover 211
  • the third covering portion 2143 covers a portion of the output portion 2133 (The third covering part 2143 covers the surface of the output part 2133 facing the end cover 211, and also covers multiple side surfaces of the output part 2133 and a part of the surface of the output part 2133 away from the end cover 211).
  • the first coating part 2141 covers the fuse part 2132 to increase the strength of the fuse part 2132 and reduce the possibility of the fuse part 2132 being damaged by external force. At the same time, it has a flame retardant effect when the fuse part 2132 is blown.
  • the second covering portion 2142 covers the connecting portion 2131 to insulate the connecting portion 2131 from the end cover 211 and prevent the connecting portion 2131 from contacting the end cover 211 and causing a short circuit.
  • the third covering part 2143 cover the output part 2133, the output part 2133 and the end cover 211 are insulated and isolated, thereby preventing the output part 2133 from contacting the end cover 211 and causing a short circuit.
  • the connecting part 2131 is covered by the second covering part 2142 and the output part 2133 is covered by the third covering part 2143, when the output part 2133 is connected to the load, misconnection is less likely to occur (ie, the connecting part 2131 is connected to load). Furthermore, the first covering part 2141, the second covering part 2142 and the third covering part 2143 are connected in sequence, with good integrity, and can protect the connecting part 2131, the fuse part 2132 and the output part 2133, making the connection Part 213 is not easily damaged by external force.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating member 214 provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • the first covering part 2141 completely covers the fuse part 2132
  • the second covering part 2142 covers a part of the connecting part 2131 (the second covering part 2142 covers a part of the connecting part 2131 facing the end cover 211 surface and multiple sides of the connecting portion 2131)
  • the third coating portion 2143 covers a portion of the output portion 2133 (the third coating portion 2143 covers the surface of the output portion 2133 facing the end cover 211 and multiple sides of the output portion 2133 side).
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating member 214 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the first covering part 2141 completely covers the fuse part 2132
  • the second covering part 2142 covers a part of the connecting part 2131 (the second covering part 2142 covers a part of the connecting part 2131 facing the end cover 211
  • the surface of the connecting portion 2131 also covers multiple side surfaces of the connecting portion 2131 and a portion of the surface of the connecting portion 2131 away from the end cover 211
  • the third covering portion 2143 covers a portion of the output portion 2133 (the third covering portion 2143 Covering the surface of the output part 2133 facing the end cover 211 and multiple side surfaces of the output part 2133).
  • first covering part 2141, the second covering part 2142 and the third covering part 2143 may also cover different surfaces of the fuse part 2132, the connecting part 2131 and the output part 2133 as needed.
  • the end cap 211 is provided with a recess 2111 , and at least one of the first covering part 2141 , the second covering part 2142 and the third covering part 2143 is received in the recess 2111 .
  • At least one of the first covering part 2141, the second covering part 2142 and the third covering part 2143 is accommodated in the recessed part 2111 includes the first covering part 2141, the second covering part 2142 and the third covering part One of the parts 2143 is accommodated in the recessed part 2111; two of the first covering part 2141, the second covering part 2142 and the third covering part 2143 are accommodated in the recessed part 2111; the first covering part 2141, the second covering part 2141 There are several solutions in which the covering part 2142 and the third covering part 2143 are both accommodated in the recessed part 2111.
  • the insulating member 214 By accommodating at least one of the first covering part 2141, the second covering part 2142 and the third covering part 2143 in the recessed part 2111, the insulating member 214 is positioned to prevent the insulating member 214 from being displaced.
  • the coating of the first coating part 2141, the second coating part 2142 or the third coating part 2143 fails.
  • the first cladding part 2141 , the second cladding part 2142 and the third cladding part 2143 are all received in the recess 2111 .
  • the first covering part 2141, the second covering part 2142 and the third covering part 2143 are all accommodated in the recessed part 2111.
  • the positioning effect of the insulating part 214 is better, and the relative position of the insulating part 214 and the end cover 211 is not easy to change. , the insulating member 214 can play a better insulating effect.
  • Figure 12 is an exploded view of the end cap assembly 21 provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the end cap assembly 21 provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector 213 provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the end cap 211 provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • the end cap 211 partially protrudes along the thickness direction of the end cap 211 to form a convex portion 2113, and the first covering portion 2141 is provided on the convex portion 2113. At least a part of the third covering part 2143 is received in the recessed part 2111.
  • the protruding portion 2113 protrudes from the outer surface of the end cap 211 , and a recessed space is formed on the inner surface of the end cap 211 at a position corresponding to the protruding portion 2113 .
  • the recessed space can accommodate internal components of the battery cell 20 .
  • a part of the end cap 211 protrudes along the thickness direction to form a convex portion 2113.
  • the side of the end cap 211 opposite to the convex portion 2113 in the thickness direction will form a recessed space.
  • the recessed space can accommodate the internal components of the battery cell 20. It is beneficial to increase the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first covering part 2141 is arranged on the convex part 2113, so that the fuse part 2132 covered by the first covering part 2141 is also located on the convex part 2113, and the fuse part 2132 does not need to be bent, which is beneficial to ensuring the strength of the fuse part 2132.
  • At least a portion of the third covering portion 2143 is received in the recessed portion 2111 to facilitate positioning of the insulating member 214 .
  • the insulator 216 partially protrudes along the thickness direction of the end cap 211 to form a protrusion 2162.
  • the protrusion direction of the protrusion 2162 is consistent with the protrusion direction of the protrusion 2113, and the protrusion 2162 extends into the recessed space.
  • the above-mentioned first through hole 2161 is opened on the protrusion 2162 .
  • the output portion 2133 includes a first connection section 21333, an output section 21334, and a second connection section 21335.
  • the first connection section 21333 is connected to the fuse part 2132
  • the output section 21334 is used to output or input the electric energy of the battery cell 20
  • the second connection section 21335 connects the first connection section 21333 and the output section 21334.
  • the output portion 2133 is bent at the second connecting section 21335, and the first connecting section 21333 and the output section 21334 extend in opposite directions at both ends of the second connecting section 21335.
  • the part of the third covering part 2143 covering the output section 21334 is received in the recess 2111 .
  • the first connection section 21333 is a part of the output part 2133 connected to the fuse part 2132.
  • the output section 21334 is a part of the output part 2133 that is connected to the load to output the electric energy of the battery cell 20 or to input electric energy to the battery cell 20 .
  • the second connection section 21335 is the part of the output part 2133 that connects the first connection section 21333 and the output section 21334.
  • the first connecting section 21333 and the output section 21334 are arranged in parallel.
  • the first connecting section 21333 extends from one end of the second connecting section 21335 in a direction away from the output section 21334.
  • the output section 21334 extends from the other end of the second connecting section 21335 in a direction away from the output section 21334.
  • the direction of the first connecting section 21333 extends.
  • the first connecting section 21333 extends to the left from one end of the second connecting section 21335 along the first connecting section 21333, and the output section 21334 extends to the right from the other end of the second connecting section 21335.
  • the connecting position of the first connecting section 21333 and the second connecting section 21335 is bent, and the connecting position of the second connecting section 21335 and the output section 21334 is bent, so that the first connecting section 21333 and the second connecting section 21335 are parallel at the same time. , connect the first connecting section 21333 and the second connecting section 21335.
  • the second connecting section 21335 By forming a bend in the second connecting section 21335, there is a gap between the first connecting section 21333 and the output section 21334 along the thickness direction of the end cover 211, so that the first connecting section 21333 can be connected to the fuse portion 2132, and the output section 21334 can be easily output.
  • the electrical energy of the battery cell 20 The portion of the third covering portion 2143 covering the output section 21334 is received in the recess 2111 to facilitate positioning of the insulating member 214 and prevent the insulating member 214 from being displaced and failing.
  • the shape of the third covering part 2143 matches the shape of the output part 2133 to achieve better covering effect.
  • connection portion 2131 has a mounting hole 21311 for mounting the electrode terminal 212 .
  • the second covering portion 2142 is provided with a first escape hole 21421 at a position corresponding to the mounting hole 21311 on the side away from the end cover 211 .
  • the mounting hole 21311 is a through hole or a blind hole opened in the connecting portion 2131 .
  • the electrode terminal 212 extends into the mounting hole 21311 to connect with the connecting portion 2131 .
  • the connection part 2131 and the electrode terminal 212 are caulked.
  • the first escape hole 21421 is a through hole opened on the side of the second covering portion 2142 away from the end cover 211 .
  • the first escape hole 21421 can expose a part of the connecting portion 2131 to facilitate the connection between the connecting portion 2131 and the electrode terminal 212 .
  • connection device By providing the first escape hole 21421, space is left for the connection device that connects the connection portion 2131 and the electrode terminal 212, so that the connection device passes through the first escape hole 21421 to connect the connection portion 2131 and the electrode terminal 212 together.
  • the diameter of the first escape hole 21421 is 10-15 mm.
  • the first escape hole 21421 is a circular hole, and the first escape hole 21421 is coaxially arranged with the mounting hole 21311.
  • the diameter of the first escape hole 21421 may be 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, etc.
  • Limiting the diameter of the first escape hole 21421 to 10 to 15 mm can ensure avoidance of the connection device and also has a better covering effect, making it less likely to cause errors when connecting the output part 2133 to the load.
  • Connect that is, connect the connecting part 2131 to the load.
  • the second covering part 2142 may easily interfere with the connecting device, thereby affecting the connection effect or damaging the second covering part 2142.
  • the diameter of the first escape hole 21421 is greater than 15 mm, the second covering part 2142 cannot cover the connecting part 2131 well and cannot protect the connecting part 2131.
  • Wrong connection that is, connecting the connecting part 2131 to the load).
  • the third covering part 2143 is provided with a second escape hole 21431 on the side away from the end cover 211, and the output part 2133 forms a connection area exposed to the outside world at a position corresponding to the second escape hole 21431.
  • the second escape hole 21431 is a through hole opened on the side of the third covering part 2143 away from the end cover 211.
  • the second escape hole 21431 can expose a part of the output part 2133 to facilitate the connection between the output part 2133 and the load.
  • connection area is the area in the output part 2133 that is exposed due to the opening of the second escape hole 21431.
  • the connection area can be used for wiring or welding bus bars to electrically connect the output part 2133 to the load.
  • connection area is used to connect with the load to output the electric energy of the battery cell 20 or to provide the battery cell with electricity. 20Input electrical energy.
  • a protruding portion 21331 is protruding from the connection area, and the protruding portion 21331 is at least partially received in the second escape hole 21431.
  • the protruding portion 21331 is a boss structure protruding in the connection area.
  • the protruding portion 21331 can be completely accommodated in the second escape hole 21431, or can extend from an end of the second escape hole 21431 away from the end cover 211.
  • the protruding portion 2133 By providing the protruding portion 21331, it is convenient to wire or weld the busbar to electrically connect the load to the protruding portion 21331 to output electric energy from the battery cell 20 or input electric energy to the battery cell 20.
  • the output part 2133 has a first surface 21332 facing away from the end cap 211
  • the second covering part 2142 has a second surface 21423 facing away from the end cap 211 .
  • the second surface 21423 exceeds the first surface 21332 by 0.1 ⁇ 0.5mm.
  • the first surface 21332 is the surface of the output part 2133 facing away from the end cap 211.
  • the distance between the first surface 21332 and the end cap 211 is farther than the distance from other surfaces of the output part 2133 to the end cap 211.
  • the surface of the protruding portion 21331 facing away from the end cap 211 is the surface of the output portion 2133 facing away from the end cap 211 .
  • the second surface 21423 is the surface of the second covering part 2142 that is away from the end cover 211. Along the thickness direction of the end cover 211, the distance between the second surface 21423 and the end cover 211 is longer than other surfaces of the second covering part 2142 to the end. Cover 211 is far away.
  • the second surface 21423 is located on the same plane as the surface of the first covering part 2141 away from the end cap 211 and the surface of the third covering part 2143 away from the end cap 211 . Then the first surface 21332 exceeds the surface of the first covering part 2141 away from the end cap 211 by 0.1-0.5 mm, and the first surface 21332 also exceeds the surface of the third covering part 2143 away from the end cap 211 by 0.1-0.5 mm.
  • the distance of the second surface 21423 beyond the first surface 21332 may be: 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, etc.
  • the second surface 21423 exceed the first surface 21332 by 0.1 ⁇ 0.5mm, it is not only convenient to wire or weld the busbar on the output part 2133 to electrically connect the load to the output part 2133, but also to connect the output part 2133 to the load. It plays a fool-proof role, so that misconnection is less likely to occur (that is, the connecting part 2131 is connected to the load), and it can also prevent to a certain extent interference between the wire harness or the busbar and the insulator 214 after wiring or welding the busbar.
  • the height of the second surface 21423 beyond the first surface 21332 is less than 0.1 mm, the convenience of wiring or welding the busbar on the output part 2133 will not be significantly improved, and the anti-fooling effect will be poor. After wiring or welding the busbar, It is still relatively easy for the wire harness or bus bar to interfere with the insulating member 214 . If the height of the second surface 21423 beyond the first surface 21332 is greater than 0.5 mm, the protruding height of the output part 2133 is too high and may easily interfere with other structures.
  • the insulating part 214 is an injection molded part formed on the surface of the connecting part 213 .
  • the insulating part 214 is an injection molded part formed on the surface of the connecting part 213" can also be understood as the connecting part 213 and the insulating part 214 are injection molded, so that the insulating part 214 covers the connecting part 213.
  • the connecting member 213 is made of conductive material.
  • the insulating member 214 is injection molded on the surface of the connecting member 213, so that the insulating member 214 can fit on the surface of the connecting member 213, and the coating effect on the connecting member 213 is better.
  • the insulating member 214 isolates the fuse part 2132 from the outside world, so that there is less or no air between the fuse part 2132 and the insulating part 214. In this way, when the fuse part 2132 is blown, combustion is less likely to occur due to the lack of air, and it is less likely to cause The end cover assembly 21 catches fire and has high safety.
  • the output part 2133, the connection part 2131 and the fuse part 2132 are integrally formed.
  • the output part 2133, the connecting part 2131 and the fuse part 2132 are integrally formed, so that the connection strength among the three is better.
  • the output part 2133, the connection part 2131 and the fuse part 2132 are integrally formed, which requires fewer and simpler processes than welding, and can reduce production costs.
  • the fuse portion 2132 is formed by thinning a groove or a through hole on the connecting member 213 .
  • the fuse portion 2132 is formed by opening a groove and thinning the connecting member 213 .
  • the groove surrounds the circumference of the connecting member 213, so that the entire circumference of the connecting member 213 is thinned, thereby forming the fuse portion 2132.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the connector 213 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the fuse portion 2132 is thinned and formed by opening two through holes on both sides of the connecting member 213 .
  • the two through holes here are opened on the edge of the connecting piece 213, which can be regarded as forming two gaps on the edge of the connecting piece 213.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector 213 (two through holes are opened to form a fuse portion 2132 ) provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the fuse portion 2132 is formed by opening two through holes in the middle of the connecting member 213 and thinning the portion 2132 .
  • two through holes are spaced apart in the middle of the connecting member 213 , and three spaced apart fuse portions 2132 are formed on the connecting member 213 .
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the connector 213 (a through hole is opened to form a fuse portion 2132) provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the fuse portion 2132 is formed by opening a through hole in the middle of the connecting member 213 and thinning it.
  • the through hole is opened in the middle of the connecting member 213, and two spaced apart fuse portions 2132 are formed on the connecting member 213.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram of the connector 213 (with grooves forming the fuse portion 2132) provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the fuse portion 2132 is formed by opening two grooves on the connecting member 213 and thinning them.
  • two grooves are respectively opened on the surface of the connecting member 213 facing the end cover 211 and the surface away from the end cover 211, so that the connecting member 213 is thinned, thereby forming the fuse portion 2132.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 includes an electrode assembly 22, a case 23 and the above-mentioned end cap assembly 21.
  • the housing 23 has an accommodating space open at one end, and the accommodating space is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the end cap 211 is connected to the housing 23 and closes the opening.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery 100.
  • the battery 100 includes a box 10 and the above-mentioned battery cells 20.
  • the battery cells 20 are accommodated in the box 10.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electrical device.
  • the electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery 100 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an end cover assembly 21.
  • the end cover assembly 21 is used for a battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a case 23.
  • the end cover assembly 21 includes an end cover 211, an electrode terminal 212 and a connector 213.
  • the end cover 211 is used to close the opening of the housing 23.
  • the electrode terminal 212 is provided on the end cover 211.
  • the connector 213 is located on the side of the end cover 211 away from the housing 23. one side.
  • the connector 213 includes a connection part 2131, an output part 2133 and a fuse part 2132.
  • the connection part 2131 is connected to the electrode terminal 212; the output part 2133 is used to output or input the electric energy of the battery cell 20.
  • the fuse part 2132 connects the connection part 2131 and the output part 2133.
  • the end cap assembly 21 includes an insulating member 214 that at least partially covers the fuse portion 2132 .
  • the insulating member 214 includes a first covering part 2141, a second covering part 2142 and a third covering part 2143 connected in sequence.
  • the first covering part 2141 covers the fuse part 2132
  • the second covering part 2142 covers the fuse part 2132.
  • the connecting part 2131 and the third covering part 2143 cover the output part 2133.
  • the end cap 211 is provided with a recess 2111, and the first covering part 2141, the second covering part 2142 and the third covering part 2143 are all received in the recess 2111.
  • the end cap 211 partially protrudes along the thickness direction of the end cap 211 to form a convex part 2113.
  • the first covering part 2141 is provided on the convex part 2113, and at least part of the third covering part 2143 is received in the recessed part 2111.
  • the output section 2133 includes a first connection section 21333, an output section 21334 and a second connection section 21335.
  • the first connection section 21333 is connected to the fuse section 2132; the output section 21334 is used to output or input the electric energy of the battery cell 20; the second connection section 21335 connects the first connecting section 21333 and the output section 21334.
  • the output part 2133 forms a bend in the second connecting section 21335.
  • the first connecting section 21333 and the output section 21334 extend in opposite directions at both ends of the second connecting section 21335. ;
  • the portion of the third covering portion 2143 covering the output section 21334 is accommodated in the recess 2111.
  • the output part 2133 has a first surface 21332 away from the end cover 211
  • the second covering part 2142 has a second surface 21423 away from the end cover 211
  • the second surface 21423 exceeds the first surface 21332 by 0.1 ⁇ 0.5mm.
  • the end cover assembly 21 is provided with a connector 213 on the side of the end cover 211 away from the housing 23.
  • the connecting portion 2131 of the connector 213 is connected to the electrode terminal 212, which will not affect the sealing performance between the electrode terminal 212 and the end cover 211. It will not increase the difficulty of sealing.
  • the connection part 2131 and the output part 2133 are connected through the fuse part 2132. When the current passing through the fuse part 2132 is too large, the fuse part 2132 will melt itself, disconnecting the connection part 2131 and the output part 2133 for protection.
  • the fuse portion 2132 since the fuse portion 2132 is located on the side of the end cover 211 away from the housing 23, it will not come into contact with the electrolyte after being fused, and will not ignite the electrolyte, which is safer.
  • the insulating member 214 By at least partially covering the fuse portion 2132 with the insulating member 214, on the one hand, when the fuse portion 2132 is subjected to external force, the external force can be transmitted to the insulating member 214 to disperse the external force and reduce the possibility of the fuse portion 2132 being damaged due to external force. .
  • the insulating member 214 at least partially covers the fuse portion 2132, which reduces the contact area between the fuse portion 2132 and the air, and can provide a certain flame retardant effect when the fuse portion 2132 is blown.
  • the insulating member 214 can be made of flame-retardant material to achieve better flame-retardant effect.
  • the first coating part 2141 covers the fuse part 2132 to increase the strength of the fuse part 2132 and reduce the possibility of the fuse part 2132 being damaged by external force. At the same time, it has a flame retardant effect when the fuse part 2132 is blown.
  • the second covering portion 2142 covers the connecting portion 2131 to insulate the connecting portion 2131 from the end cover 211 and prevent the connecting portion 2131 from contacting the end cover 211 and causing a short circuit.
  • the third covering part 2143 cover the output part 2133, the output part 2133 and the end cover 211 are insulated and isolated, thereby preventing the output part 2133 from contacting the end cover 211 and causing a short circuit.
  • the connecting part 2131 is covered by the second covering part 2142 and the output part 2133 is covered by the third covering part 2143, when the output part 2133 is connected to the load, misconnection is less likely to occur (ie, the connecting part 2131 is connected to load).
  • the first covering part 2141, the second covering part 2142 and the third covering part 2143 are connected in sequence, with good integrity, and can protect the connecting part 2131, the fuse part 2132 and the output part 2133, making the connection Part 213 is not easily damaged by external force.
  • the first covering part 2141, the second covering part 2142 and the third covering part 2143 are all accommodated in the recessed part 2111.
  • the positioning effect of the insulating part 214 is better, and the relative position of the insulating part 214 and the end cover 211 is not easy to change. , the insulating member 214 can play a better insulating effect.
  • a part of the end cap 211 protrudes along the thickness direction to form a convex portion 2113.
  • the side of the end cap 211 opposite to the convex portion 2113 in the thickness direction will form a recessed space.
  • the recessed space can accommodate the internal components of the battery cell 20. It is beneficial to increase the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first covering part 2141 is arranged on the convex part 2113, so that the fuse part 2132 covered by the first covering part 2141 is also located on the convex part 2113, and the fuse part 2132 does not need to be bent, which is beneficial to ensuring the strength of the fuse part 2132.
  • At least a portion of the third covering portion 2143 is received in the recessed portion 2111 to facilitate positioning of the insulating member 214 .
  • the second connecting section 21335 By forming a bend in the second connecting section 21335, there is a gap between the first connecting section 21333 and the output section 21334 along the thickness direction of the end cover 211, so that the first connecting section 21333 can be connected to the fuse portion 2132, and the output section 21334 can be easily output.
  • the electrical energy of the battery cell 20 The portion of the third covering portion 2143 covering the output section 21334 is received in the recess 2111 to facilitate positioning of the insulating member 214 and prevent the insulating member 214 from being displaced and failing.
  • the second surface 21423 exceed the first surface 21332 by 0.1 ⁇ 0.5mm, it is not only convenient to wire or weld the busbar on the output part 2133 to electrically connect the load to the output part 2133, but also to connect the output part 2133 to the load. It plays a fool-proof role, so that misconnection is less likely to occur (that is, the connecting part 2131 is connected to the load), and it can also prevent to a certain extent interference between the wire harness or the busbar and the insulator 214 after wiring or welding the busbar.
  • the height of the second surface 21423 beyond the first surface 21332 is less than 0.1 mm, the convenience of wiring or welding the busbar on the output part 2133 will not be significantly improved, and the anti-fooling effect will be poor. After wiring or welding the busbar, It is still relatively easy for the wire harness or bus bar to interfere with the insulating member 214 . If the height of the second surface 21423 beyond the first surface 21332 is greater than 0.5 mm, the protruding height of the output part 2133 is too high and may easily interfere with other structures.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备，涉及电池领域。端盖组件包括端盖、电极端子及连接件。端盖用于封闭壳体的开口。电极端子设置于端盖。连接件位于端盖背离壳体的一侧。连接件包括连接部、输出部及熔断部。连接部与电极端子连接。输出部用于输出或输入电池单体的电能。熔断部连接连接部及输出部。端盖组件通过在端盖的背离壳体的一侧设置连接件，连接件的连接部与电极端子连接，不会影响电极端子与端盖的密封性。连接部和输出部通过熔断部连接，在通过熔断部的电流过大时熔断部会自行熔断，将连接部和输出部断开而起到保护作用。因熔断部位于端盖的背离壳体的一侧，其熔断后不会与电解液接触，不会引燃电解液，更安全。

Description

端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有2022年07月01日提交的名称为“端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备”的中国专利申请(申请号：2022216686656)的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体而言，涉及一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备。
背景技术
电池在新能源领域应用甚广，例如电动汽车、新能源汽车等，新能源汽车、电动汽车已经成为汽车产业的发展新趋势。电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。然而，目前的电池单体在过载或短路时容易发生起火，甚至爆炸，安全性较差。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备，其旨在改善相关技术中电池单体在过载或短路时容易发生起火，甚至爆炸，安全性较差的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件，所述端盖组件用于电池单体，电池单体包括壳体，所述端盖组件包括端盖、电极端子及连接件，所述端盖用于封闭壳体的开口；所述电极端子设置于端盖；所述连接件位于端盖背离壳体的一侧，所述连接件包括连接部、输出部和熔断部，所述连接部与电极端子连接；所述输出部用于输出或输入电池单体的电能；所述熔断部连接连接部及输出部。
在上述技术方案中，该端盖组件通过在端盖的背离壳体的一侧设置连接件，连接件的连接部与电极端子连接，不会对电极端子与端盖的密封性造成影响，不会增加密封难度。连接部和输出部通过熔断部连接，在通过熔断部的电流过大时熔断部会自行熔断，将连接部和输出部断开而起到保护作用。另外，由于熔断部位于端盖的背离壳体的一侧，其熔断后不会与电解液接触，不会引燃电解液，更加安全。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖组件包括绝缘件，所述绝缘件至少部分包覆于所述熔断部。
在上述技术方案中，通过绝缘件至少部分包覆于熔断部，一方面，在熔断部受外力时，可以将外力传递至绝缘件，以分散外力，降低熔断部因受外力而被破坏的可能性。另一方面，绝缘件至少部分包覆于熔断部，减少了熔断部与空气的接触面积，在熔断部发生熔断时，能够起到一定的阻燃作用。另外，绝缘件可以采用阻燃材料制成，以达到更好的阻燃作用。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述绝缘件至少部分位于所述端盖和所述连接件之间，以将所述连接件与所述端盖绝缘隔离。
在上述技术方案中，通过使绝缘件至少部分位于端盖和连接件之间，使得连接件与端盖绝缘隔离，避免端盖与连接件接触而发生短路。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖上设有凹部，所述绝缘件的至少一部分与所述凹部定位配合。
在上述技术方案中，通过将绝缘件与凹部定位配合，以对绝缘件进行定位，避免绝缘件发生移位，而失去对熔断部的包覆效果。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述绝缘件包括依次连接的第一包覆部、第二包覆部和第三包覆部，所述第一包覆部包覆于所述熔断部，所述第二包覆部包覆于所述连接部，所述第三包覆部包覆于所述输出部。
在上述技术方案中，通过第一包覆部包覆熔断部，提升熔断部的强度，降低熔断部因受外力而被破坏的可能性，同时在熔断部熔断时起到阻燃效果。通过第二包覆部包覆连接部，使连接部与端盖绝缘隔离，避免连接部与端盖接触而发生短路。通过使第三包覆部包覆输出部，使得输 出部与端盖绝缘隔离，避免输出部与端盖接触而发生短路。另外，由于连接部被第二包覆部包覆，输出部被第三包覆部包覆，在将输出部与负载连接时，不易发生错接(即将连接部连接于负载)。再者，第一包覆部、第二包覆部和第三包覆部依次连接，整体性好，能够对连接部、熔断部和输出部起到保护作用，使得连接件不易因受外力而损坏。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖上设有凹部，所述第一包覆部、所述第二包覆部和所述第三包覆部中的至少一者容纳于所述凹部。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第一包覆部、第二包覆部和第三包覆部中的至少一者容纳于凹部，以对绝缘件进行定位，避免绝缘件发生移位，而使第一包覆部、第二包覆部或第三包覆部的包覆失效。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述第一包覆部、所述第二包覆部和所述第三包覆部均容纳于所述凹部。
在上述技术方案中，将第一包覆部、第二包覆部和第三包覆部均容纳于凹部内，对绝缘件的定位效果较好，绝缘件与端盖的相对位置不易变化，绝缘件能够起到较好的绝缘作用。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述端盖局部沿所述端盖的厚度方向凸出形成凸部，所述第一包覆部设置于所述凸部，所述第三包覆部的至少一部分容纳于所述凹部。
在上述技术方案中，端盖的局部沿其厚度方向凸出形成凸部，端盖在其厚度方向上与凸部相对的一侧将对应形成凹陷空间，凹陷空间能够容纳电池单体内部的部件，有利于提升电池单体的能量密度。将第一包覆部设置于凸部，这样第一包覆部包覆的熔断部也位于凸部上，熔断部无需发生折弯，有利于保证熔断部的强度。第三包覆部至少一部分容纳于凹部，以便于定位绝缘件。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述输出部包括第一连接段、输出段和第二连接段，所述第一连接段与所述熔断部连接；所述输出段用于输出或输入所述电池单体的电能；所述第二连接段连接所述第一连接段及所述输出段，所述输出部在所述第二连接段形成折弯，所述第一连接段和所述输出段在所述第二连接段的两端沿着相背的方向延伸；所述第三包覆部包覆所述输出段的部分容纳于所述凹部。
在上述技术方案中，通过在第二连接段形成折弯使得沿着端盖的厚度方向第一连接段和输出段存在落差，以便于使第一连接段连接至熔断部，输出段便于输出电池单体的电能。第三包覆部包覆输出段的部分容纳于凹部，以便于对绝缘件进行定位，防止绝缘件移位而失效。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述连接部具有安装所述电极端子的安装孔，所述第二包覆部在背离所述端盖的一侧与所述安装孔对应的位置设有第一避让孔。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置第一避让孔，为连接连接部和电极端子的连接设备留出空间，以便于连接设备穿过第一避让孔将连接部和电极端子连接在一起。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述第一避让孔的直径为10～15mm。
在上述技术方案中，将第一避让孔的直径限制在10～15mm(包括10mm和15mm)能够保证避让连接设备的同时，还具有较好的包覆效果，使得在将输出部与负载连接时，不易发生错接(即将连接部连接于负载)。若第一避让孔的直径小于10mm，则第二包覆部容易与连接设备相干涉，从而影响连接效果或者损伤第二包覆部。若第一避让孔的直径大于15mm，则第二包覆部不能很好地包覆连接部，无法对连接部起到保护效果，在将输出部与负载连接时，容易发生错接(即将连接部连接于负载)。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述第三包覆部在背离所述端盖的一侧设有第二避让孔，所述输出部在对应所述第二避让孔的位置形成暴露于外界的连接区。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置第二避让孔，使得输出部与第二避让孔对应的位置暴露于外界而形成连接区，连接区用于与负载连接，以输出电池单体的电能或者向电池单体输入电能。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述连接区凸设有凸出部，所述凸出部至少部分容纳于所述第二避让孔内。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置凸出部，便于接线或焊接汇流排，以将负载与凸出部电连接，以输出电池单体的电能或者向电池单体输入电能。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述输出部具有背离所述端盖的第一表面，所述第二包覆部具有背离所述端盖的第二表面，所述第二表面超出于所述第一表面0.1～0.5mm。
在上述技术方案中，通过使第二表面超出于第一表面0.1～0.5mm，既便于在输出部上 接线或焊接汇流排，以将负载与输出部电连接，又能够在将输出部与负载连接时起到防呆作用，从而不易发生错接(即将连接部连接于负载)，还能够在一定程度上防止接线或焊接汇流排后，线束或汇流排与绝缘件发生干涉。若第二表面超出于第一表面的高度小于0.1mm，则对在输出部上接线或焊接汇流排的便利程度提升不明显，防呆效果也较差，接线或焊接汇流排后，线束或者汇流排与绝缘件还是较为容易干涉。若第二表面超出于第一表面的高度大于0.5mm，则输出部凸出的高度过高，容易与其他结构发生干涉。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述绝缘件为成型于所述连接件的表面的注塑件。
在上述技术方案中，将绝缘件注塑成型于连接件的表面，使得绝缘件能够贴合于连接件表面，对连接件的包覆效果较好。同时，绝缘件隔绝了熔断部与外界，使得熔断部与绝缘件之间的空气较少或没有空气，这样，在熔断部熔断时，由于缺少空气而不易发生燃烧，不易引起端盖组件起火，具有较高的安全性。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述输出部、所述连接部和所述熔断部一体成型。
在上述技术方案中，将输出部、连接部和熔断部一体成型，使得三者连接的强度较好。另外，将输出部、连接部和熔断部一体成型，相比于焊接而言，工序更少，更为简单，能够降低生产成本。
作为本申请实施例的一种可选技术方案，所述熔断部为在所述连接件上开设凹槽或通孔减薄形成。
在上述技术方案中，在连接件上开设凹槽或者通孔进行减薄，减薄后剩余的部分由于电阻更大，在连接件通过电流时，减薄后的这个位置热量更大，更容易熔断，从而形成了熔断部。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种电池单体，所述电池单体包括电极组件、壳体及上述的端盖组件，所述壳体具有一端开口的容纳空间，所述容纳空间用于容纳所述电极组件；所述端盖连接于所述壳体并封闭所述开口。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种电池，所述电池包括箱体及上述的电池单体，所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种用电设备，所述用电设备包括上述的电池。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的爆炸图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的连接件的结构示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的绝缘件的结构示意图；
图8为本申请一些实施例提供端盖组件的俯视示意图；
图9为图8中A-A位置的剖视图；
图10为本申请另一些实施例提供的绝缘件的结构示意图；
图11为本申请又一些实施例提供的绝缘件的结构示意图；
图12为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的爆炸图；
图13为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；
图14为本申请另一些实施例提供的连接件的结构示意图；
图15为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖的结构示意图；
图16为本申请又一些实施例提供的连接件的结构示意图；
图17为本申请一些实施例提供的连接件(开两个通孔形成熔断部)的结构示意图；
图18为本申请一些实施例提供的连接件(开一个通孔形成熔断部)的结构示意图；
图19为本申请一些实施例提供的连接件(开凹槽形成熔断部)的结构示意图。
图标：10-箱体；11-第一部分；12-第二部分；20-电池单体；21-端盖组件；211-端盖；2111-凹部；2112-第三通孔；2113-凸部；212-电极端子；213-连接件；2131-连接部；21311-安装孔；2132-熔断部；2133-输出部；21331-凸出部；21332-第一表面；21333-第一连接段；21334-输出段；21335-第二连接段；214-绝缘件；2141-第一包覆部；2142-第二包覆部；21421-第一避让孔；21422-第二通孔；21423-第二表面；2143-第三包覆部；21431-第二避让孔；215-密封件；216-绝缘体；2161-第一通孔；2162-凸起；22-电极组件；23-壳体；100-电池；200-控制器；300-马达；1000-车辆。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极 集流体作为负极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，电池的应用越加广泛。电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。然而，目前的电池单体在过载或短路时容易发生起火，甚至爆炸，安全性较差。
发明人进一步研究发现，现有的电池单体设置有用于过载保护的熔断结构，但是熔断结构置于电池单体的内部。当通过熔断结构的电流过大而导致熔断结构熔断时，熔断结构容易引燃电解液，从而导致电池单体发生起火，甚至爆炸。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种端盖组件，端盖组件包括端盖、电极端子及连接件。端盖用于封闭壳体的开口，电极端子设置于端盖。连接件位于端盖背离壳体的一侧。连接件包括连接部、输出部和熔断部。连接部与电极端子连接，输出部用于输出或输入电池单体的电能。熔断部连接连接部及输出部。
该端盖组件的熔断部位于端盖的背离壳体的一侧，也即熔断部位于电池单体的外部，这样，在通过熔断部的电流过大时熔断部会自行熔断而起到保护作用，由于熔断部位于端盖的背离壳体的一侧，其熔断后不会与电解液接触，不会引燃电解液，更加安全。
另外，该端盖组件通过在端盖的背离壳体的一侧设置连接件，连接件的连接部与电极端子连接，不会对电极端子与端盖的密封性造成影响，不会增加密封难度。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的爆炸图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。其中，箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，第一部分11和第二部分12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第二部分12可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分11可以为板状结构，第一部分11盖合于第二部分12的开口侧，以使第一部分11与第二部分12共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分11的开口侧盖合于第二部分12的开口侧。当然，第一部分11和第二部分12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混 联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池单体或一次电池单体；还可以是锂硫电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体，但不局限于此。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的分解结构示意图。电池单体20是指组成电池100的最小单元。如图3，电池单体20包括有端盖组件21、电极组件22以及壳体23。
端盖组件21包括端盖211，端盖211是指盖合于壳体23的开口处以将电池单体20的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖211的形状可以与壳体23的形状相适应以配合壳体23。可选地，端盖211可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖211在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体20能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖211的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
壳体23是用于配合端盖211以形成电池单体20的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件22、电解液以及其他部件。壳体23和端盖211可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体23上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖211盖合开口以形成电池单体20的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖211和壳体23一体化，具体地，端盖211和壳体23可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体23的内部时，再使端盖211盖合壳体23。壳体23可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体23的形状可以根据电极组件22的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体23的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件22是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体23内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件22。电极组件22主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔离膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件22的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池100的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应。
请参照图4、图5、图6、图7、图8和图9，图4为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的爆炸图。图5为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的结构示意图。图6为本申请一些实施例提供的连接件213的结构示意图。图7为本申请一些实施例提供的绝缘件214的结构示意图。图8为本申请一些实施例提供端盖组件21的俯视示意图。图9为图8中A-A位置的剖视图。本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件21，端盖组件21用于电池单体20，电池单体20包括壳体23。端盖组件21包括端盖211、电极端子212及连接件213。端盖211用于封闭壳体23的开口，电极端子212设置于端盖211。连接件213位于端盖211背离壳体23的一侧。连接件213包括连接部2131、输出部2133和熔断部2132。连接部2131与电极端子212连接，输出部2133用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能。熔断部2132连接连接部2131及输出部2133。
电极端子212是用于与电极组件22电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能的部件。电极端子212设置于端盖211，例如，端盖211上可以开设有第三通孔2112，电极端子212至少部分伸入第三通孔2112内。
连接件213是由导电材质制成的，具有导电性的部件。连接件213整体位于端盖211的背离壳体23的一侧，或者说连接件213位于端盖211的背离电极组件22的一侧。
连接部2131是连接件213中与电极端子212连接的部分，连接部2131与电极端子212连接，一方面对连接件213进行了限位，另一方面，使得连接件213能够接收电池单体20的输出的电能或者向电池单体20内输入电能。可选地，连接部2131上开设有安装孔21311，电极端子212伸入到安装孔21311内，以与连接部2131连接。例如，连接部2131铆接于电极端子212。
熔断部2132是连接件213中起到熔断保护作用的部件。熔断部2132能够在通过其的电流过大时熔断，从而将连接部2131和输出部2133断开，起到短路保护或者过载保护作用。
输出部2133是连接件213中用于与负载电连接的部分，以将电极端子212输出或输入的电池单体20的电能供给负载。
该端盖组件21通过在端盖211的背离壳体23的一侧设置连接件213，连接件213的连接部2131与电极端子212连接，不会对电极端子212与端盖211的密封性造成影响，不会增加密封难度。连接部2131和输出部2133通过熔断部2132连接，在通过熔断部2132的电流过大时熔断部2132会自行熔断，将连接部2131和输出部2133断开而起到保护作用。另外，由于熔断部2132位于端盖211的背离壳体23的一侧，其熔断后不会与电解液接触，不会引燃电解液，更加安全。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件21包括密封件215，密封件215密封设置于电极端子212和端盖211之间，以密封电极端子212和端盖211，避免电解液从电极端子212和端盖211之间泄漏。示例性地，密封件215可以为密封胶、密封垫或密封片等。可选地，电极端子212至少部分穿设于密封件215，密封件215部分伸入到第三通孔2112内，以将电极端子212与第三通孔2112的内壁密封。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件21包括绝缘体216，绝缘体216位于端盖211的朝向壳体23的一侧，绝缘体216可以用于隔离电极组件22与端盖211，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘体216可以是塑料、橡胶等。可选地，绝缘体216上开设有供电极端子212穿设的第一通孔2161，以允许电极端子212穿过绝缘体216并伸入到第三通孔2112内。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件21包括绝缘件214，绝缘件214至少部分包覆于熔断部2132。
绝缘件214为具有绝缘特性的材质制得，例如塑胶或橡胶等。“绝缘件214至少部分包覆于熔断部2132”包括绝缘件214包覆熔断部2132的一部分和绝缘件214完全包覆熔断部2132这两种方案。
当绝缘件214包覆熔断部2132的部分位于端盖211和熔断部2132之间时，绝缘件214可以使端盖211与熔断部2132绝缘隔离，以避免端盖211和熔断部2132电连接，导致电池单体20短路的情况发生。
通过绝缘件214至少部分包覆于熔断部2132，一方面，在熔断部2132受外力时，可以将外力传递至绝缘件214，以分散外力，降低熔断部2132因受外力而被破坏的可能性。另一方面，绝缘件214至少部分包覆于熔断部2132，减少了熔断部2132与空气的接触面积，在熔断部2132发生熔断时，能够起到一定的阻燃作用。另外，绝缘件214可以采用阻燃材料制成，以达到更好的阻燃作用。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件214至少部分位于端盖211和连接件213之间，以将连接件213与端盖211绝缘隔离。
“绝缘件214至少部分位于端盖211和连接件213之间”包括绝缘件214全部位于端盖211和连接件213之间以及绝缘件214部分位于端盖211和连接件213之间两种方案。
当绝缘件214全部位于端盖211和连接件213之间时，绝缘件214仅包覆熔断部2132朝向端盖211的表面。可选地，沿着端盖211的厚度方向，绝缘件214在端盖211的投影与连接件213在端盖211的投影完全重合，此时，绝缘件214具有较好的绝缘效果，可以将连接件213与端盖211绝缘隔离，避免连接件213与端盖211接触而发生短路。
当绝缘件214部分位于端盖211和连接件213之间时，绝缘件214可以包覆熔断部2132的其他表面或者可以包覆连接部2131和/或输出部2133。
通过使绝缘件214至少部分位于端盖211和连接件213之间，使得连接件213与端盖211绝缘隔离，避免端盖211与连接件213接触而发生短路。
在一些实施例中，端盖211上设有凹部2111，绝缘件214的至少一部分与凹部2111定位配合。
端盖211具有背离壳体23的外表面和朝向壳体23的内表面，凹部2111从外表面向靠近内表面的方向凹陷。示例性的，凹部2111为凹槽。第三通孔2112开设于凹部2111的底面。
“绝缘件214的至少一部分与凹部2111定位配合”包括绝缘件214的一部分与凹部2111定位配合和绝缘件214的整体与凹部2111定位配合两种方案。
其中，当绝缘件214的整体与凹部2111定位配合时，凹部2111的轮廓与绝缘件214的形状可以大致匹配，以便取得较好的定位效果。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件214的至少一部分嵌设于凹部2111，实现绝缘件214与凹部2111的定位配合。
请参照图4和图9，在一些实施例中，绝缘件214伸入到第三通孔2112内，并贴合于第三通孔2112的孔壁。一方面，绝缘件214能够将电极端子212与端盖211绝缘，避免电极端子212与端盖211接触而发生短路。另一方面，能够限制绝缘件214的位置，使得绝缘件214不易与端盖211发生相对移动。
通过将绝缘件214与凹部2111定位配合，以对绝缘件214进行定位，避免绝缘件214发生移位，而失去对熔断部2132的包覆效果。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件214包括依次连接的第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143。第一包覆部2141包覆于熔断部2132，第二包覆部2142包覆于连接部2131，第三包覆部2143包覆于输出部2133。
第一包覆部2141是绝缘件214中包覆熔断部2132的部分，第二包覆部2142是绝缘件214中包覆连接部2131的部分，第三包覆部2143是绝缘件214中包覆输出部2133的部分。第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143均具有绝缘作用，能够分别将熔断部2132与端盖211、连接部2131与端盖211、输出部2133与端盖211绝缘隔离。
其中，第一包覆部2141的朝向端盖211的壁面上开设有第二通孔21422，第二通孔21422用于供电极端子212穿过，以便于电极端子212伸入到连接部2131的安装孔21311内。
请参照图7和图9，在一些实施例中，第一包覆部2141完全包覆熔断部2132，第二包覆部2142包覆连接部2131的一部分(第二包覆部2142包覆连接部2131的朝向端盖211的表面，还包覆连接部2131的多个侧面以及包覆连接部2131的背离端盖211的表面的一部分)，第三包覆部2143包覆输出部2133的一部分(第三包覆部2143包覆输出部2133的朝向端盖211的表面，还包覆输出部2133的多个侧面以及包覆输出部2133的背离端盖211的表面的一部分)。
通过第一包覆部2141包覆熔断部2132，提升熔断部2132的强度，降低熔断部2132因受外力而被破坏的可能性，同时在熔断部2132熔断时起到阻燃效果。通过第二包覆部2142包覆连接部2131，使连接部2131与端盖211绝缘隔离，避免连接部2131与端盖211接触而发生短路。通过使第三包覆部2143包覆输出部2133，使得输出部2133与端盖211绝缘隔离，避免输出部2133与端盖211接触而发生短路。另外，由于连接部2131被第二包覆部2142包覆，输出部2133被第三包覆部2143包覆，在将输出部2133与负载连接时，不易发生错接(即将连接部2131连接于负载)。再者，第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143依次连接，整体性好，能够对连接部2131、熔断部2132和输出部2133起到保护作用，使得连接件213不易因受外力而损坏。
请参照图10，图10为本申请另一些实施例提供的绝缘件214的结构示意图。在另一些实施例中，第一包覆部2141完全包覆熔断部2132，第二包覆部2142包覆连接部2131的一部分(第二包覆部2142包覆连接部2131的朝向端盖211的表面以及连接部2131的多个侧面)，第三包覆部2143包覆输出部2133的一部分(第三包覆部2143包覆输出部2133的朝向端盖211的表面以及输出部2133的多个侧面)。
请参照图11，图11为本申请又一些实施例提供的绝缘件214的结构示意图。在又一些实施例中，第一包覆部2141完全包覆熔断部2132，第二包覆部2142包覆连接部2131的一部分(第二包覆部2142包覆连接部2131的朝向端盖211的表面，还包覆连接部2131的多个侧面以及包覆连接部2131的背离端盖211的表面的一部分)，第三包覆部2143包覆输出部2133的一部分(第三包覆部2143包覆输出部2133的朝向端盖211的表面以及输出部2133的多个侧面)。
当然，根据需要第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143也可以包覆熔断部2132、连接部2131和输出部2133的不同表面。
在一些实施例中，端盖211上设有凹部2111，第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143中的至少一者容纳于凹部2111。
“第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143中的至少一者容纳于凹部2111”包括第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143中的一者容纳于凹部2111；第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143中的两者容纳于凹部2111；第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143均容纳于凹部2111这几种方案。
通过将第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143中的至少一者容纳于凹 部2111，以对绝缘件214进行定位，避免绝缘件214发生移位，而使第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142或第三包覆部2143的包覆失效。
在一些实施例中，第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143均容纳于凹部2111。
将第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143均容纳于凹部2111内，对绝缘件214的定位效果较好，绝缘件214与端盖211的相对位置不易变化，绝缘件214能够起到较好的绝缘作用。
请参照图12、图13、图14和图15，图12为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的爆炸图。图13为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件21的结构示意图。图14为本申请另一些实施例提供的连接件213的结构示意图。图15为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖211的结构示意图。在一些实施例中，端盖211局部沿端盖211的厚度方向凸出形成凸部2113，第一包覆部2141设置于凸部2113。第三包覆部2143的至少一部分容纳于凹部2111。
凸部2113凸设于端盖211的外表面，在端盖211的内表面与凸部2113相应的位置形成有凹陷空间，凹陷空间能够容纳电池单体20内部的部件。
端盖211的局部沿其厚度方向凸出形成凸部2113，端盖211在其厚度方向上与凸部2113相对的一侧将对应形成凹陷空间，凹陷空间能够容纳电池单体20内部的部件，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。将第一包覆部2141设置于凸部2113，这样第一包覆部2141包覆的熔断部2132也位于凸部2113上，熔断部2132无需发生折弯，有利于保证熔断部2132的强度。第三包覆部2143至少一部分容纳于凹部2111，以便于定位绝缘件214。
在一些实施例中，绝缘体216局部沿端盖211的厚度方向凸出形成凸起2162，凸起2162的凸出方向与凸部2113的凸出方向一致，凸起2162伸入到凹陷空间内。凸起2162上开设有上述的第一通孔2161。
在一些实施例中，输出部2133包括第一连接段21333、输出段21334和第二连接段21335。第一连接段21333与熔断部2132连接，输出段21334用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能，第二连接段21335连接第一连接段21333及输出段21334。输出部2133在第二连接段21335形成折弯，第一连接段21333和输出段21334在第二连接段21335的两端沿着相背的方向延伸。第三包覆部2143包覆输出段21334的部分容纳于凹部2111。
第一连接段21333是输出部2133中与熔断部2132连接的部分。输出段21334是输出部2133中与负载连接，以输出电池单体20的电能或者向电池单体20输入电能的部分。第二连接段21335则是输出部2133中连接第一连接段21333和输出段21334的部分。
第一连接段21333和输出段21334平行设置，第一连接段21333从第二连接段21335的一端沿着背离输出段21334的方向延伸，输出段21334从第二连接段21335的另一端沿着背离第一连接段21333的方向延伸。例如，第一连接段21333沿着第一连接段21333从第二连接段21335的一端向左延伸，输出段21334从第二连接段21335的另一端向右延伸。
第一连接段21333和第二连接段21335的连接位置发生折弯，第二连接段21335和输出段21334的连接位置发生折弯，以使得第一连接段21333和第二连接段21335平行的同时，将第一连接段21333和第二连接段21335连接。
通过在第二连接段21335形成折弯使得沿着端盖211的厚度方向第一连接段21333和输出段21334存在落差，以便于使第一连接段21333连接至熔断部2132，输出段21334便于输出电池单体20的电能。第三包覆部2143包覆输出段21334的部分容纳于凹部2111，以便于对绝缘件214进行定位，防止绝缘件214移位而失效。
在一些实施例中，第三包覆部2143的形状与输出部2133的形状相匹配，以取得较好的包覆效果。
在一些实施例中，连接部2131具有安装电极端子212的安装孔21311。第二包覆部2142在背离端盖211的一侧与安装孔21311对应的位置设有第一避让孔21421。
安装孔21311是开设于连接部2131的通孔或盲孔。电极端子212伸入到安装孔21311内，以与连接部2131连接。例如，连接部2131与电极端子212铆接。
第一避让孔21421是开设于第二包覆部2142背离端盖211的一侧的通孔，第一避让孔21421能够显露出连接部2131的一部分，以便于连接连接部2131与电极端子212。
通过设置第一避让孔21421，为连接连接部2131和电极端子212的连接设备留出空 间，以便于连接设备穿过第一避让孔21421将连接部2131和电极端子212连接在一起。
在一些实施例中，第一避让孔21421的直径为10～15mm。
第一避让孔21421为圆孔，第一避让孔21421与安装孔21311同轴布置。
第一避让孔21421的直径可以为10mm、11mm、12mm、13mm、14mm、15mm等。
将第一避让孔21421的直径限制在10～15mm(包括10mm和15mm)能够保证避让连接设备的同时，还具有较好的包覆效果，使得在将输出部2133与负载连接时，不易发生错接(即将连接部2131连接于负载)。若第一避让孔21421的直径小于10mm，则第二包覆部2142容易与连接设备相干涉，从而影响连接效果或者损伤第二包覆部2142。若第一避让孔21421的直径大于15mm，则第二包覆部2142不能很好地包覆连接部2131，无法对连接部2131起到保护效果，在将输出部2133与负载连接时，容易发生错接(即将连接部2131连接于负载)。
在一些实施例中，第三包覆部2143在背离端盖211的一侧设有第二避让孔21431，输出部2133在对应第二避让孔21431的位置形成暴露于外界的连接区。
第二避让孔21431是开设于第三包覆部2143背离端盖211的一侧的通孔，第二避让孔21431能够显露出输出部2133的一部分，以便于输出部2133与负载连接。
连接区则是输出部2133中因开设第二避让孔21431而被显露的区域，连接区可以用于接线或焊接汇流排，以将输出部2133与负载电连接。
通过设置第二避让孔21431，使得输出部2133与第二避让孔21431对应的位置暴露于外界而形成连接区，连接区用于与负载连接，以输出电池单体20的电能或者向电池单体20输入电能。
在一些实施例中，连接区凸设有凸出部21331，凸出部21331至少部分容纳于第二避让孔21431内。
凸出部21331为凸设于连接区的凸台结构。凸出部21331可以完全容纳于第二避让孔21431内，也可以伸出第二避让孔21431的背离端盖211的一端。
通过设置凸出部21331，便于接线或焊接汇流排，以将负载与凸出部21331电连接，以输出电池单体20的电能或者向电池单体20输入电能。
在一些实施例中，沿端盖211的厚度方向，输出部2133具有背离端盖211的第一表面21332，第二包覆部2142具有背离端盖211的第二表面21423。第二表面21423超出于第一表面21332 0.1～0.5mm。
第一表面21332是输出部2133的背离端盖211的表面，沿着端盖211的厚度方向，第一表面21332与端盖211的距离比输出部2133的其他表面到端盖211的距离远。例如，在连接区凸设有凸出部21331的实施例中，凸出部21331的背离端盖211的表面即为输出部2133的背离端盖211的表面。
第二表面21423是第二包覆部2142的背离端盖211的表面，沿着端盖211的厚度方向，第二表面21423与端盖211的距离比第二包覆部2142的其他表面到端盖211的距离远。
在本实施例中，第二表面21423与第一包覆部2141背离端盖211的表面、第三包覆部2143背离端盖211的表面位于同一平面。则第一表面21332超出于第一包覆部2141背离端盖211的表面0.1～0.5mm，第一表面21332还超出于第三包覆部2143背离端盖211的表面0.1～0.5mm。
沿着端盖211的厚度方向，第二表面21423超出于第一表面21332的距离可以为：0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm等。
通过使第二表面21423超出于第一表面21332 0.1～0.5mm，既便于在输出部2133上接线或焊接汇流排，以将负载与输出部2133电连接，又能够在将输出部2133与负载连接时起到防呆作用，从而不易发生错接(即将连接部2131连接于负载)，还能够在一定程度上防止接线或焊接汇流排后，线束或汇流排与绝缘件214发生干涉。若第二表面21423超出于第一表面21332的高度小于0.1mm，则对在输出部2133上接线或焊接汇流排的便利程度提升不明显，防呆效果也较差，接线或焊接汇流排后，线束或者汇流排与绝缘件214还是较为容易干涉。若第二表面21423超出于第一表面21332的高度大于0.5mm，则输出部2133凸出的高度过高，容易与其他结构发生干涉。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件214为成型于连接件213的表面的注塑件。
“绝缘件214为成型于连接件213的表面的注塑件”也可以理解为连接件213与绝缘件214注塑成型，以使绝缘件214包覆于连接件213。但需要强调的是，连接件213为导电材质。
将绝缘件214注塑成型于连接件213的表面，使得绝缘件214能够贴合于连接件213 表面，对连接件213的包覆效果较好。同时，绝缘件214隔绝了熔断部2132与外界，使得熔断部2132与绝缘件214之间的空气较少或没有空气，这样，在熔断部2132熔断时，由于缺少空气而不易发生燃烧，不易引起端盖组件21起火，具有较高的安全性。
在一些实施例中，输出部2133、连接部2131和熔断部2132一体成型。
将输出部2133、连接部2131和熔断部2132一体成型，使得三者连接的强度较好。另外，将输出部2133、连接部2131和熔断部2132一体成型，相比于焊接而言，工序更少，更为简单，能够降低生产成本。
在一些实施例中，熔断部2132为在连接件213上开设凹槽或通孔减薄形成。
请参照图6，在一些实施例中，熔断部2132为在连接件213上开设凹槽减薄形成。这里凹槽环绕于连接件213的周向，使得绕着连接件213的一周均被减薄，从而形成了熔断部2132。
请参照图16，图16为本申请又一些实施例提供的连接件213的结构示意图。在又一些实施例中，熔断部2132为在连接件213的两侧开设两个通孔减薄形成。这里的两个通孔开设于连接件213的边缘，可以看作在连接件213的边缘形成两个缺口。
请参照图17，图17为本申请一些实施例提供的连接件213(开两个通孔形成熔断部2132)的结构示意图。在一些实施例中，熔断部2132为在连接件213的中部开设两个通孔减薄形成。在该实施例中，两个通孔间隔地开设于连接件213的中部，在连接件213上形成了三个间隔布置的熔断部2132。
请参照图18，图18为本申请一些实施例提供的连接件213(开一个通孔形成熔断部2132)的结构示意图。在一些实施例中，熔断部2132为在连接件213的中部开设一个通孔减薄形成。在该实施例中，通孔开设于连接件213的中部，在连接件213上形成了两个间隔布置的熔断部2132。
请参照图19，图19为本申请一些实施例提供的连接件213(开凹槽形成熔断部2132)的结构示意图。在一些实施例中，熔断部2132为在连接件213上开设两个凹槽减薄形成。这里两个凹槽分别开设于连接件213的朝向端盖211的表面及背离端盖211的表面，使得连接件213减薄，从而形成了熔断部2132。
在连接件213上开设凹槽或者通孔进行减薄，减薄后剩余的部分由于电阻更大，在连接件213通过电流时，减薄后的这个位置热量更大，更容易熔断，从而形成了熔断部2132。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池单体20，电池单体20包括电极组件22、壳体23及上述的端盖组件21。壳体23具有一端开口的容纳空间，容纳空间用于容纳电极组件22。端盖211连接于壳体23并封闭开口。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池100，电池100包括箱体10及上述的电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。
本申请实施例还提供了一种用电设备，用电设备包括上述的电池100。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图4～图15。
本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件21，端盖组件21用于电池单体20，电池单体20包括壳体23。端盖组件21包括端盖211、电极端子212及连接件213，端盖211用于封闭壳体23的开口，电极端子212设置于端盖211，连接件213位于端盖211背离壳体23的一侧。连接件213包括连接部2131、输出部2133和熔断部2132，连接部2131与电极端子212连接；输出部2133用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能。熔断部2132连接连接部2131及输出部2133。端盖组件21包括绝缘件214，绝缘件214至少部分包覆于熔断部2132。绝缘件214包括依次连接的第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143，第一包覆部2141包覆于熔断部2132，第二包覆部2142包覆于连接部2131，第三包覆部2143包覆于输出部2133。端盖211上设有凹部2111，第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143均容纳于凹部2111。
端盖211局部沿端盖211的厚度方向凸出形成凸部2113，第一包覆部2141设置于凸部2113，第三包覆部2143的至少一部分容纳于凹部2111。输出部2133包括第一连接段21333、输出段21334和第二连接段21335，第一连接段21333与熔断部2132连接；输出段21334用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能；第二连接段21335连接第一连接段21333及输出段21334，输出部2133在第二连接段21335形成折弯，第一连接段21333和输出段21334在第二连接段21335的两端沿着相背的方向延伸；第三包覆部2143包覆输出段21334的部分容纳于凹部2111。
沿端盖211的厚度方向，输出部2133具有背离端盖211的第一表面21332，第二包覆部2142具有背离端盖211的第二表面21423，第二表面21423超出于第一表面21332 0.1～0.5mm。
该端盖组件21通过在端盖211的背离壳体23的一侧设置连接件213，连接件213的连接部2131与电极端子212连接，不会对电极端子212与端盖211的密封性造成影响，不会增加密封难度。连接部2131和输出部2133通过熔断部2132连接，在通过熔断部2132的电流过大时熔断部2132会自行熔断，将连接部2131和输出部2133断开而起到保护作用。另外，由于熔断部2132位于端盖211的背离壳体23的一侧，其熔断后不会与电解液接触，不会引燃电解液，更加安全。通过绝缘件214至少部分包覆于熔断部2132，一方面，在熔断部2132受外力时，可以将外力传递至绝缘件214，以分散外力，降低熔断部2132因受外力而被破坏的可能性。另一方面，绝缘件214至少部分包覆于熔断部2132，减少了熔断部2132与空气的接触面积，在熔断部2132发生熔断时，能够起到一定的阻燃作用。另外，绝缘件214可以采用阻燃材料制成，以达到更好的阻燃作用。
通过第一包覆部2141包覆熔断部2132，提升熔断部2132的强度，降低熔断部2132因受外力而被破坏的可能性，同时在熔断部2132熔断时起到阻燃效果。通过第二包覆部2142包覆连接部2131，使连接部2131与端盖211绝缘隔离，避免连接部2131与端盖211接触而发生短路。通过使第三包覆部2143包覆输出部2133，使得输出部2133与端盖211绝缘隔离，避免输出部2133与端盖211接触而发生短路。另外，由于连接部2131被第二包覆部2142包覆，输出部2133被第三包覆部2143包覆，在将输出部2133与负载连接时，不易发生错接(即将连接部2131连接于负载)。再者，第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143依次连接，整体性好，能够对连接部2131、熔断部2132和输出部2133起到保护作用，使得连接件213不易因受外力而损坏。将第一包覆部2141、第二包覆部2142和第三包覆部2143均容纳于凹部2111内，对绝缘件214的定位效果较好，绝缘件214与端盖211的相对位置不易变化，绝缘件214能够起到较好的绝缘作用。
端盖211的局部沿其厚度方向凸出形成凸部2113，端盖211在其厚度方向上与凸部2113相对的一侧将对应形成凹陷空间，凹陷空间能够容纳电池单体20内部的部件，有利于提升电池单体20的能量密度。将第一包覆部2141设置于凸部2113，这样第一包覆部2141包覆的熔断部2132也位于凸部2113上，熔断部2132无需发生折弯，有利于保证熔断部2132的强度。第三包覆部2143至少一部分容纳于凹部2111，以便于定位绝缘件214。通过在第二连接段21335形成折弯使得沿着端盖211的厚度方向第一连接段21333和输出段21334存在落差，以便于使第一连接段21333连接至熔断部2132，输出段21334便于输出电池单体20的电能。第三包覆部2143包覆输出段21334的部分容纳于凹部2111，以便于对绝缘件214进行定位，防止绝缘件214移位而失效。
通过使第二表面21423超出于第一表面21332 0.1～0.5mm，既便于在输出部2133上接线或焊接汇流排，以将负载与输出部2133电连接，又能够在将输出部2133与负载连接时起到防呆作用，从而不易发生错接(即将连接部2131连接于负载)，还能够在一定程度上防止接线或焊接汇流排后，线束或汇流排与绝缘件214发生干涉。若第二表面21423超出于第一表面21332的高度小于0.1mm，则对在输出部2133上接线或焊接汇流排的便利程度提升不明显，防呆效果也较差，接线或焊接汇流排后，线束或者汇流排与绝缘件214还是较为容易干涉。若第二表面21423超出于第一表面21332的高度大于0.5mm，则输出部2133凸出的高度过高，容易与其他结构发生干涉。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种端盖组件，用于电池单体，所述电池单体包括壳体，其中，所述端盖组件包括：
    端盖，用于封闭所述壳体的开口；
    电极端子，设置于所述端盖；
    连接件，位于所述端盖背离所述壳体的一侧，所述连接件包括：
    连接部，与所述电极端子连接；
    输出部，用于输出或输入所述电池单体的电能；
    熔断部，连接所述连接部及所述输出部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖组件包括绝缘件，所述绝缘件至少部分包覆于所述熔断部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述端盖组件，其中，所述绝缘件至少部分位于所述端盖和所述连接件之间，以将所述连接件与所述端盖绝缘隔离。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖上设有凹部，所述绝缘件的至少一部分与所述凹部定位配合。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述端盖组件，其中，所述绝缘件包括依次连接的第一包覆部、第二包覆部和第三包覆部，所述第一包覆部包覆于所述熔断部，所述第二包覆部包覆于所述连接部，所述第三包覆部包覆于所述输出部。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖上设有凹部，所述第一包覆部、所述第二包覆部和所述第三包覆部中的至少一者容纳于所述凹部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述端盖组件，其中，所述第一包覆部、所述第二包覆部和所述第三包覆部均容纳于所述凹部。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述端盖组件，其中，所述端盖局部沿所述端盖的厚度方向凸出形成凸部，所述第一包覆部设置于所述凸部，所述第三包覆部的至少一部分容纳于所述凹部。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述端盖组件，其中，所述输出部包括：
    第一连接段，与所述熔断部连接；
    输出段，用于输出或输入所述电池单体的电能；
    第二连接段，连接所述第一连接段及所述输出段，所述输出部在所述第二连接段形成折弯，所述第一连接段和所述输出段在所述第二连接段的两端沿着相背的方向延伸；
    所述第三包覆部包覆所述输出段的部分容纳于所述凹部。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述端盖组件，其中，所述连接部具有安装所述电极端子的安装孔，所述第二包覆部在背离所述端盖的一侧与所述安装孔对应的位置设有第一避让孔。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述端盖组件，其中，所述第一避让孔的直径为10～15mm。
  12. 根据权利要求5所述端盖组件，其中，所述第三包覆部在背离所述端盖的一侧设有第二避让孔，所述输出部在对应所述第二避让孔的位置形成暴露于外界的连接区。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述端盖组件，其中，所述连接区凸设有凸出部，所述凸出部至少部分容纳于所述第二避让孔内。
  14. 根据权利要求5所述端盖组件，其中，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述输出部具有背离所述端盖的第一表面，所述第二包覆部具有背离所述端盖的第二表面，所述第二表面超出于所述第一表面0.1～0.5mm。
  15. 根据权利要求5-13任一项所述端盖组件，其中，所述绝缘件为成型于所述连接件的表面的注塑件。
  16. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述端盖组件，其中，所述输出部、所述连接部和所述熔断部一体成型。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述端盖组件，其中，所述熔断部为在所述连接件上开设凹槽或通孔减薄形成。
  18. 一种电池单体，其中，包括：
    电极组件；
    壳体，具有一端开口的容纳空间，所述容纳空间用于容纳所述电极组件；
    根据权利要求1-17任一项所述的端盖组件，所述端盖连接于所述壳体并封闭所述开口。
  19. 一种电池，其中，包括：
    箱体；
    如权利要求18所述的电池单体，所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
  20. 一种用电设备，其中，包括如权利要求19所述的电池。
PCT/CN2022/112036 2022-07-01 2022-08-12 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 WO2024000747A1 (zh)

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CN107134559A (zh) * 2016-02-29 2017-09-05 三洋电机株式会社 二次电池以及电池组
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CN213989012U (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-08-17 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 一种电池顶盖及动力电池
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CN107134559A (zh) * 2016-02-29 2017-09-05 三洋电机株式会社 二次电池以及电池组
CN109075304A (zh) * 2016-04-26 2018-12-21 三星Sdi株式会社 具有隔膜的可再充电电池
CN109285974A (zh) * 2017-07-20 2019-01-29 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 二次电池顶盖组件及二次电池
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