WO2023025104A1 - 电池单体、电池以及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池以及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023025104A1
WO2023025104A1 PCT/CN2022/114022 CN2022114022W WO2023025104A1 WO 2023025104 A1 WO2023025104 A1 WO 2023025104A1 CN 2022114022 W CN2022114022 W CN 2022114022W WO 2023025104 A1 WO2023025104 A1 WO 2023025104A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tab
battery cell
cover
electrode terminal
electrode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/114022
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周文林
陈龙
郑于炼
李全坤
王鹏
郭志君
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2021/114156 external-priority patent/WO2023023917A1/zh
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2021/114155 external-priority patent/WO2023023916A1/zh
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP22860450.0A priority Critical patent/EP4293769A1/en
Priority to CN202280007865.3A priority patent/CN116636057A/zh
Publication of WO2023025104A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023025104A1/zh
Priority to US18/412,586 priority patent/US20240154218A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
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    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • H01M50/133—Thickness
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    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
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    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
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    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H01M50/169—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by welding, brazing or soldering
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    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
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    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
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    • H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
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    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
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    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
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    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/559—Terminals adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round, elliptic or button cells
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    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • Battery cells are widely used in electronic equipment, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes and electric tools, etc.
  • the battery cells may include nickel-cadmium battery cells, nickel-hydrogen battery cells, lithium-ion battery cells, secondary alkaline zinc-manganese battery cells, and the like.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can improve the safety of the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, which includes a casing, an electrode assembly, a first electrode terminal, and a cover plate.
  • the casing includes a cylinder body and a cover body formed integrally, and the cylinder body has an opening at an end away from the cover body.
  • the electrode assembly is accommodated in the casing and includes a first tab.
  • the first electrode terminal is arranged on the cover body and used for electrical connection with the first tab.
  • the cover plate is connected to the barrel and covers the opening.
  • the distance between the junction of the cylinder body and the cover plate and the first electrode terminal can be increased, so that the battery
  • the monomer is subjected to external impact, it reduces the impact on the connection between the cylinder body and the cover plate, reduces the risk of failure of the connection between the cover plate and the shell, reduces electrolyte leakage, and improves safety.
  • the cover plate is welded to the barrel.
  • welding can not only realize the connection between the cover plate and the cylinder body, but also improve the sealing performance of the joint between the cover plate and the cylinder body.
  • Installing the first electrode terminal on the cover body can increase the distance between the welding place of the cylinder body and the cover plate and the first electrode terminal, thereby reducing the welding of the cover plate and the cylinder body when the first electrode terminal is pulled by external force Therefore, the risk of cracking at the welding joint between the cover plate and the cylinder body is reduced, and the sealing performance is improved.
  • the cover plate is sealingly connected with the barrel through a seal.
  • the sealability of the battery cells can be improved by providing a sealing member between the cover plate and the barrel.
  • the first electrode terminal is used to connect with the first bus part of the battery.
  • the first electrode terminal is used as the output electrode of the battery cells, and can be connected to the first bus component, so as to realize the electrical connection between the battery cells.
  • the first confluence part may pull the first electrode terminal; the above technical solution arranges the first electrode terminal on the cover away from the cover to increase the connection between the cylinder and the cover and The distance between the first electrode terminals, so that when the battery cell is subjected to external impact, the impact on the connection between the cylinder body and the cover plate is reduced, the risk of failure of the connection between the cover plate and the shell is reduced, and the electrolyte leakage is reduced. , improve security.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a second tab, and the polarity of the second tab is opposite to that of the first tab.
  • the battery cell also includes a second electrode terminal electrically connected to the second tab, and the second electrode terminal is used for connecting with the second bus component of the battery.
  • the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal can be used as two output electrodes of the battery cell, so as to realize the electrical connection between the battery cell and an external circuit.
  • the second electrode terminal is disposed on the cover.
  • the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal are located at the same end of the battery cell, so that the first current flow component and the second current flow component can be assembled on the same side of the battery cell, which can simplify the assembly process, Improve the efficiency of assembling multiple battery cells into groups.
  • the second electrode terminal is arranged on the cover body away from the cover plate to increase the distance between the junction of the cylinder body and the cover plate and the second electrode terminal, thereby reducing the distance between the cylinder body and the cover plate when the battery cell is subjected to external impact.
  • the connection of the board is affected, reducing the risk of failure of the connection between the cover plate and the housing, reducing electrolyte leakage and improving safety.
  • both the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal protrude from the outer surface of the cover, so as to reduce the risk of the cover interfering with the busbar and simplify the connection process between the busbar and the electrode terminal.
  • both the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal are insulated from the cover.
  • the casing is not charged, thereby reducing the risk of electric leakage and improving safety.
  • the base material of the casing is aluminum.
  • the aluminum shell has a relatively small weight, which can increase the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the shell is not charged, so the aluminum shell is not easily corroded by the electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a body portion. Both the first tab and the second tab protrude from the end of the main body facing the cover, so as to reduce the distance between the first tab and the first electrode terminal and the distance between the second tab and the second electrode terminal.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a second tab, and the polarity of the second tab is opposite to that of the first tab.
  • the cover body is electrically connected to the second pole ear, and the cover body is used for connecting with the second current bus component of the battery.
  • the cover body and the first electrode terminal as the two output electrodes of the battery cell, the structure of the battery cell can be simplified and the overcurrent capability of the battery cell can be ensured.
  • the first electrode terminal and the cover are located at the same end of the battery cell, so that the first current-flow component and the second current-flow component can be assembled on the same side of the battery cell, which can simplify the assembly process and improve the assembly efficiency of multiple battery cells. group efficiency.
  • Attaching the second flow collecting part to the cover increases the distance between the junction of the cover plate and the barrel and the junction of the second flow collecting part and the cover, thereby reducing the size of the barrel when the battery cells are subjected to external impacts
  • the connection with the cover plate is affected, reducing the risk of failure of the connection between the cover plate and the housing, reducing electrolyte leakage, and improving safety.
  • the first tab is provided at the end of the electrode assembly facing the cover
  • the second tab is provided at the end of the electrode assembly facing the cover.
  • the cover is electrically connected to the second tab through the barrel.
  • the first tab and the second tab are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the electrode assembly, so that the distance between the first tab and the second tab can be increased, and the distance between the first tab and the second tab can be reduced.
  • the risk of dipole ear conduction improves safety.
  • the electrical connection between the cover and the second tab can be realized through the cylinder, and the parts connecting the cover and the second tab can be omitted; since the cover and the cylinder are of an integrated structure, the connection between the cover and the cylinder The resistance is small, thereby improving the overcurrent capability.
  • the second tab is a negative tab
  • the base material of the casing is steel
  • the casing is electrically connected to the negative pole tab, that is, the casing is in a low potential state.
  • the steel casing is not easily corroded by the electrolyte in a low potential state.
  • the cover body includes a body portion and a bent portion, and the bent portion is integrally connected to the cylinder body and the body portion.
  • the bent portion can release stress during the molding process of the shell, reduce stress concentration, and reduce the risk of cracking of the shell.
  • the thickness of the body portion is greater than the wall thickness of the barrel.
  • the body portion with a larger thickness can better support components such as the first electrode terminal; when the first electrode terminal is pulled by an external force, the body portion with a larger thickness is less deformed.
  • the barrel mainly separates the electrode assembly from the outside world, and can have a relatively small thickness, thereby reducing the weight of the battery as a whole and increasing energy density.
  • the cover body includes a receiving recess recessed from an outer surface of the body part in a direction facing the electrode assembly.
  • the bottom wall of the accommodating recess is provided with a first electrode lead-out hole, and the first electrode terminal is installed in the first electrode lead-out hole.
  • the size of the outer surface of the protruding body of the first electrode terminal can be reduced, so as to reduce the maximum size of the battery cell and increase the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the thickness D1 of the body part and the wall thickness D2 of the barrel satisfy: 0.1mm ⁇ D1-D2 ⁇ 2mm.
  • D1-D2 is too small, then the thickness of the body part is too small or the thickness of the cylinder is too large, and the thickness of the body part is too small to cause insufficient strength of the body part, and the thickness of the cylinder is too large to cause the weight of the cylinder to be too large , affecting the energy density. If D1-D2 is too large, the difference between the stretching amount of the main body part and the stretching amount of the barrel is too large during the stretching forming process of the casing, and the barrel is easily damaged during the stretching process. The above technical solution limits the value of D1-D2 to 0.1mm-2mm, which can make the strength of the casing meet the requirements and reduce the loss of the energy density of the battery cells.
  • the first electrode terminal includes a first concave portion and a first connection portion located at a bottom of the first concave portion.
  • the first connection part is used to realize the electrical connection with the first tab through the first welding part.
  • the thickness of the first connection part is reduced by opening the first concave part on the first electrode terminal, thereby reducing the welding power required for welding, reducing heat generation, reducing the risk of other components being burned, and improving safety.
  • the first welding part can reduce the resistance between the first electrode terminal and the first tab, and improve the overcurrent capability.
  • the first connecting portion is welded to the first tab to form the first welding portion.
  • the above technical solution can shorten the conductive path between the first electrode terminal and the first tab, reduce the resistance, and improve the energy density and overcurrent capability of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell further includes a current collecting member connected to the first tab.
  • the first connecting portion is welded to the current collecting member to form a first welding portion.
  • the current collecting member by providing the current collecting member, the difference in the current path between the parts at different positions of the first tab and the first electrode terminal can be reduced, and the uniformity of the current density of the first pole piece of the electrode assembly can be improved. , Reduce internal resistance and improve over-current capability.
  • the first electrode terminal includes a terminal body and a sealing plate
  • the terminal body includes a first recess and a first connecting portion
  • the first connecting portion is located on a side of the first recess facing the electrode assembly.
  • the sealing plate is connected to the terminal body and closes the opening of the first recess.
  • the sealing plate can protect the first connecting portion from the outside, reduce external impurities entering the first concave portion, reduce the risk of the first connecting portion being damaged by external impurities, and improve the sealing performance of the battery cell.
  • At least a portion of the sealing plate is received in the first recess.
  • the first recess can provide a receiving space for the sealing plate, thereby reducing the size of the sealing plate protruding from the main body of the terminal, reducing the space occupied by the first electrode terminal, and increasing the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the sealing plate protrudes from the surface of the terminal body away from the electrode assembly.
  • At least part of the sealing plate protrudes from the surface of the terminal body away from the electrode assembly, so as to reduce the risk of the terminal body interfering with the bonding of the sealing plate and the first bus component, and reduce the risk of false welding.
  • a gap is provided between the sealing plate and the first connecting portion.
  • the surface of the first welding portion is uneven, and if the sealing plate is pressed against the first welding portion, it will cause the sealing plate to shake during the assembly process and affect the sealing effect.
  • the above technical solution avoids the sealing plate from the first welding portion by setting a gap between the sealing plate and the first connecting portion, reduces the risk of direct contact between the sealing plate and the first welding portion, and reduces the risk of the sealing plate being in direct contact with the first welding portion, and reduces the Shake to ensure the sealing effect.
  • the first connecting portion is provided with a through hole for injecting electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a second tab, and the polarity of the second tab is opposite to that of the first tab.
  • the battery cell further includes a second electrode terminal disposed on the cover, and the second electrode terminal includes a second recess and a second connection portion located at the bottom of the second recess. The second connection part is used to realize the electrical connection with the second tab through the second welding part.
  • the thickness of the second connection part is reduced by opening the second concave part on the second electrode terminal, thereby reducing the welding power required for welding, reducing heat generation, reducing the risk of other components being burned, and improving safety.
  • the second welding part can reduce the resistance between the second electrode terminal and the second tab, and improve the overcurrent capability.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including a plurality of battery cells provided in any embodiment of the first aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery in the second aspect, and the battery is used to provide electric energy.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic explosion diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module shown in FIG. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic explosion diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the battery shown in Figure 4 at box A;
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the battery shown in FIG. 4 at block B;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a housing of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of Fig. 6 at the circle box C;
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first electrode terminal provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is an enlarged schematic view of Fig. 12 at block D;
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of batteries provided in other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic top view of battery cells provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of FIG. 15 .
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • parallel in this application includes not only the absolutely parallel situation, but also the roughly parallel situation that is generally recognized in engineering; at the same time, the "perpendicular” not only includes the absolutely vertical situation, but also includes the roughly parallel situation that is conventionally recognized in engineering. vertical case.
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary battery cells, lithium-ion primary battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells, or magnesium-ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly includes a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector; the positive electrode current collector includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode tab, and the positive electrode current collector is coated with a positive electrode active material layer , the positive electrode tab is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, the positive electrode active material layer includes the positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector; the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode tab, and the negative electrode current collector is coated with a negative electrode active material layer , the negative electrode tab is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, the negative electrode active material layer includes the negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the material of the spacer can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the battery cell also includes a casing and a cover plate, the casing has an opening, and the cover plate is used to cover the opening of the casing to form an accommodating space for accommodating the electrode assembly and the electrolyte surrounded by the casing.
  • the electrode assembly can be installed into the casing through the opening of the casing, and then the cover plate and the casing are connected to achieve sealing of the opening of the casing.
  • the battery cells are usually provided with electrode terminals, which are used to electrically connect the electrode assembly to an external circuit, so as to realize charging and discharging of the electrode assembly.
  • electrode terminals need to be connected to external members (for example, components such as current-flow components and detection harnesses). When the battery cell receives an external impact, the external member pulls the electrode terminal.
  • the electrode terminals are usually installed on the cover plate, limited by the size of the cover plate, the distance between the connection between the cover plate and the housing (such as the welding place) and the electrode terminal is small; when the electrode terminal is subjected to external components When pulled, the electrode terminals will exert force on the cover plate, and the force will be transmitted to the connection between the cover plate and the case, which may cause the connection between the cover plate and the case to fail, causing the risk of electrolyte leakage and causing safety hazards. Hidden danger.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a technical solution.
  • the distance between the connection between the cover plate and the case and the electrode terminal can be increased.
  • the impact on the connection between the cover plate and the shell is reduced, the risk of failure of the connection between the cover plate and the shell is reduced, and the safety is improved.
  • Electric devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and electric tools, and so on.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not impose special limitations on the above-mentioned electrical devices.
  • the electric device is taken as an example for description.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery 2 is arranged inside the vehicle 1 , and the battery 2 can be arranged at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 2 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 2 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 3 and a motor 4 , the controller 3 is used to control the battery 2 to supply power to the motor 4 , for example, for the starting, navigation and working power requirements of the vehicle 1 during driving.
  • the battery 2 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic explosion diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 2 includes a box body 5 and a battery cell (not shown in FIG. 2 ), and the battery cell is accommodated in the box body 5 .
  • the box body 5 is used to accommodate the battery cells, and the box body 5 may have various structures.
  • the box body 5 may include a first box body part 5a and a second box body part 5b, the first box body part 5a and the second box body part 5b cover each other, the first box body part 5a and the second box body part 5a
  • the two box parts 5b jointly define an accommodating space 5c for accommodating the battery cells.
  • the second box body part 5b can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first box body part 5a is a plate-shaped structure, and the first box body part 5a covers the opening side of the second box body part 5b to form an accommodating space 5c
  • the box body 5; the first box body portion 5a and the second box body portion 5b also can be a hollow structure with one side opening, and the opening side of the first box body portion 5a is covered on the opening side of the second box body portion 5b , to form a box body 5 with an accommodating space 5c.
  • the first box body part 5a and the second box body part 5b can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, and the like.
  • a sealant such as sealant, sealing ring, etc.
  • a sealant can also be arranged between the first box body part 5a and the second box body part 5b.
  • the first box part 5a covers the top of the second box part 5b
  • the first box part 5a can also be called an upper box cover
  • the second box part 5b can also be called a lower box.
  • the battery 2 there may be one or more battery cells. If there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the hybrid connection means that there are both series and parallel connections among the multiple battery cells.
  • a plurality of battery cells can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of a plurality of battery cells is accommodated in the box 5; of course, it is also possible to first connect a plurality of battery cells in series or parallel or
  • the battery modules 6 are formed by parallel connection, and multiple battery modules 6 are connected in series or in parallel or in series to form a whole, and are housed in the box body 5 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 3 there are multiple battery cells 7 , and the multiple battery cells 7 are connected in series, in parallel, or in parallel to form a battery module 6 .
  • a plurality of battery modules 6 are connected in series, in parallel or in parallel to form a whole, and accommodated in the box.
  • the plurality of battery cells 7 in the battery module 6 can be electrically connected through a bus component 8 to realize parallel connection, series connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 7 in the battery module 6 .
  • Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 5 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the battery shown in Fig. 4 at box A Schematic diagram
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the battery shown in FIG. 4 at box B.
  • a battery cell 7 in some embodiments of the present application includes an electrode assembly 10 , a casing 20 , a first electrode terminal 30 and a cover plate 40 .
  • the casing 20 includes a cylinder body 21 and a cover body 22 formed integrally.
  • the cylinder body 21 has an opening 211 at an end away from the cover body 22 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 is accommodated in the casing 20 and includes a first tab 11 .
  • the first electrode terminal 30 is disposed on the cover body 22 and used for electrical connection with the first tab 11 .
  • the cover plate 40 is connected to the cylinder body 21 and covers the opening 211 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 includes a first pole piece and a second pole piece with opposite polarities.
  • One of the first pole piece and the second pole piece is a positive pole piece, and the other is a negative pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly 10 generates electrical energy through oxidation and reduction reactions during intercalation/deintercalation of ions in the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly 10 further includes a separator, which is used to insulate and isolate the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the first pole piece, the second pole piece and the spacer are strip-shaped structures, and the first pole piece, the second pole piece and the spacer are wound around the central axis to form a wound structure.
  • the winding structure can be a cylindrical structure, a flat structure or other shapes.
  • the electrode assembly 10 may also be a laminated structure formed by stacking the first pole piece, the separator and the second pole piece.
  • the first tab 11 may be a portion of the first pole piece not coated with an active material layer.
  • the first tab 11 may be a positive tab or a negative tab.
  • the first electrode terminal 30 may be a positive terminal or a negative terminal.
  • the casing 20 is a hollow structure, and a space for accommodating the electrode assembly 10 is formed inside it.
  • the housing 20 can be in various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylinder, hexagonal prism and so on.
  • the shape of the case 20 may be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 10 . For example, if the electrode assembly 10 has a cylindrical structure, a cylindrical shell can be selected; if the electrode assembly 10 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a rectangular parallelepiped shell can be selected.
  • the housing 20 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the housing 20 may be positively charged, negatively charged, or uncharged.
  • the cylinder body 21 is disposed around the periphery of the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the cylinder body 21 can be a square cylinder, a cylinder, or other cylindrical structures, such as a hexagonal cylinder.
  • the cover 22 is connected to an end of the cylinder 21 away from the opening 211 .
  • the shape of the cover body 22 is adapted to the shape of the barrel body 21 .
  • the cylinder body 21 is a square cylinder, and the cover body 22 can be a square structure; for example, the cylinder body 21 is a cylinder, and the cover body 22 can be a circular structure.
  • the first electrode terminal 30 can be directly connected to the first tab 11 to realize the electrical connection between the first electrode terminal 30 and the first tab 11 .
  • the first electrode terminal 30 can be connected to the first tab 11 by bonding, abutting, clipping, welding or other methods.
  • the first electrode terminal 30 may also be indirectly connected to the first tab 11 through other conductive members, so as to realize the electrical connection between the first electrode terminal 30 and the first tab 11 .
  • the conductive member can be connected to the first tab 11 and the first electrode terminal 30 at the same time, so as to realize the electrical connection between the first electrode terminal 30 and the first tab 11 .
  • the first electrode terminal 30 can be used as an output electrode of the battery cell 7 , which can electrically connect the battery cell 7 with an external circuit, so as to realize charging and discharging of the battery cell 7 .
  • the first electrode terminal 30 is used to connect with the bus component, so as to realize the electrical connection between the battery cells 7 .
  • the first electrode terminal 30 may be insulated from the casing 20, or may be electrically connected to the casing 20, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, as long as the conduction between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece is avoided.
  • the shape of the cover plate 40 can be adapted to the shape of the barrel 21 to match the barrel 21 .
  • the cylinder body 21 is a square cylinder, and the cover plate 40 may be a square structure; for example, the cylinder body 21 is a cylinder, and the cover plate 40 may be a circular structure.
  • the cover plate 40 and the housing 20 can be two components provided separately, and the two can be connected together by welding, riveting, bonding, clamping or other means.
  • the joint between the cylinder body 21 and the cover plate 40 may refer to the area of the cylinder body 21 and the cover plate 40 for realizing the fixed connection between the two.
  • the joint between the cylinder body 21 and the cover plate 40 and the first electrode terminal can be enlarged. 30, thereby reducing the impact on the connection between the cylinder body 21 and the cover plate 40 when the battery cell 7 is subjected to external impact, reducing the risk of failure of the connection between the cover plate 40 and the casing 20, and reducing electrolysis Liquid leakage, improve safety.
  • the cover body 22 and the barrel body 21 are integrally formed, so that the connecting process of the cover body 22 and the barrel body 21 can be omitted.
  • housing 20 may be formed by a stretching process.
  • the cover plate 40 is welded to the cylinder body 21 .
  • the joint between the cover plate 40 and the cylinder body 21 may be a weld mark formed by welding the cover plate 40 and the cylinder body 21 .
  • Welding can not only realize the connection between the cover plate 40 and the cylinder body 21, but also improve the sealing of the joint between the cover plate 40 and the cylinder body 21.
  • Installing the first electrode terminal 30 on the cover body 22 can increase the distance between the welding part of the cover plate 40 and the cylinder body 21 and the first electrode terminal 30, so that when the first electrode terminal 30 is pulled by an external force, the cover plate can be reduced. 40 and the weld of the barrel 21 is affected, thereby reducing the risk of cracking at the weld of the cover plate 40 and the barrel 21 and improving the sealing performance.
  • the cover plate 40 is connected to the barrel 21 by laser welding.
  • the first electrode terminal 30 is used to connect with the first bus part 81 of the battery.
  • a plurality of battery cells 7 are electrically connected through a plurality of bus members.
  • the two output electrodes of the battery cell 7 are electrically connected to two bus components respectively; Corresponding to the first flow-combining component 81 .
  • the first bus component 81 may be connected to the first electrode terminal 30 by welding, bonding, riveting or other means, so as to realize the electrical connection between the first bus component 81 and the first electrode terminal 30 .
  • the first bus part 81 can connect the first electrode terminal 30 of one battery cell 7 to the output electrode of another battery cell 7 to connect the two battery cells 7 in series or in parallel.
  • the first electrode terminal 30 serves as the output electrode of the battery cells 7 and can be connected to the first bus member 81 so as to realize the electrical connection between the battery cells 7 .
  • the first confluence part 81 may pull the first electrode terminal 30; in the embodiment of the present application, the first electrode terminal 30 is arranged on the cover 22 away from the cover 40 to increase the size of the cylinder. 21 and the distance between the connection of the cover plate 40 and the first electrode terminal 30, so as to reduce the impact on the connection of the cylinder body 21 and the cover plate 40 when the battery cell 7 is subjected to external impact, and reduce the connection between the cover plate 40 and the cover plate 40.
  • the risk of connection failure between the casings 20 is reduced, the leakage of the electrolyte is reduced, and the safety is improved.
  • the electrode assembly 10 further includes a second tab 12 , and the polarity of the second tab 12 is opposite to that of the first tab 11 .
  • the cover body 22 is electrically connected to the second tab 12 , and the cover body 22 is used for connecting with the second bus part 82 of the battery.
  • the first tab 11 is the part of the first pole piece not coated with the active material layer
  • the second tab 12 is the part of the second pole piece not coated with the active material layer.
  • the electrode assembly 10 further includes a main body 13 , and the first tab 11 and the second tab 12 protrude from the main body 13 .
  • the main body portion 13 includes a portion of the first pole piece coated with an active material layer and a portion of the second pole piece coated with an active material layer.
  • the first tab 11 and the second tab 12 are used to lead out the current in the main body 13 .
  • the first tab 11 and the second tab 12 may protrude from the same side of the main body 13 , or may protrude from opposite sides respectively.
  • the second tab 12 may be directly electrically connected to the cover 22, or indirectly electrically connected to the cover 22 through one or more conductive structures.
  • the second tab 12 may be electrically connected to the cover 22 through the cylinder 21.
  • the second tab 12 can also be electrically connected to the cover 22 through the cover 40 and the cylinder 21 .
  • the first electrode terminal 30 is insulated from the cover 22 , the first electrode terminal 30 and the cover 22 may have different polarities, and the first electrode terminal 30 and the cover 22 may serve as different output electrodes.
  • the cover 22 is the negative output pole of the battery cell 7
  • the first electrode terminal 30 is the positive output pole of the battery cell 7
  • the cover 22 is the positive output pole of the battery cell 7
  • the first electrode terminal 30 is the negative output pole of the battery cell 7 .
  • the busbar component used for electrical connection with the cover body 22 of the battery cell 7 can be referred to as the second busbar component 82 corresponding to the battery cell 7 .
  • the second current-combining component 82 can be connected to the cover body 22 by welding, bonding or other methods, so as to realize the electrical connection between the second current-combining component 82 and the cover body 22 .
  • the first bussing part 81 connects the first electrode terminal 30 of one battery cell 7 and the cover 22 of another battery cell 7
  • the second bussing part 82 connects the cover 22 of the one battery cell 7 and the first electrode terminal 30 of another battery cell 7 , in this way, the first bussing part 81 and the second bussing part 82 connect the three battery cells 7 in series.
  • the cover body 22 and the first electrode terminal 30 as the two output electrodes of the battery cell 7 , the structure of the battery cell 7 can be simplified and the overcurrent capability of the battery cell 7 can be ensured.
  • the first electrode terminal 30 and the cover body 22 are located at the same end of the battery cell 7, so that the first confluence part 81 and the second confluence part 82 can be assembled on the same side of the battery cell 7, which can simplify the assembly process and improve the efficiency of the battery cell 7. The efficiency of assembling a battery cell 7 into a group.
  • the second confluence part 82 may pull the cover 22; connecting the second confluence part 82 to the cover 22 can increase the connection between the cover plate 40 and the barrel 21 and the second
  • the distance between the junction of the confluence part 82 and the cover 22 can reduce the impact on the junction of the cylinder 21 and the cover 40 when the battery cell 7 is subjected to an external impact, and reduce the distance between the cover 40 and the casing 20. The risk of failure of the connection between them reduces electrolyte leakage and improves safety.
  • the first tab 11 is disposed at the end of the electrode assembly 10 facing the cover 22
  • the second tab 12 is disposed at the end of the electrode assembly 10 facing the cover 40 .
  • the cover body 22 is electrically connected to the second tab 12 through the barrel body 21 .
  • the barrel 21 can be directly connected to the second tab 12 to realize the electrical connection between the barrel 21 and the second tab 12 .
  • the barrel 21 may also be connected to the second tab 12 through other conductive members, so as to realize the electrical connection between the barrel 21 and the second tab 12 .
  • the first tab 11 and the second tab 12 at opposite ends of the electrode assembly 10 can increase the distance between the first tab 11 and the second tab 12 and reduce the distance between the first tab 11 and the second tab.
  • the risk of conduction of the dipole ear 12 improves safety.
  • the electrical connection between the cover body 22 and the second pole lug 12 is realized through the cylinder body 21, and the parts connecting the cover body 22 and the second pole lug 12 can be omitted; due to the integrated structure of the cover body 22 and the cylinder body 21, the cover body The resistance at the connection between the body 22 and the cylinder body 21 is small, thereby improving the flow-through capacity.
  • the second tab 12 is a negative tab
  • the base material of the casing 20 is steel
  • the base material is the main component in the material composition of the casing 20 .
  • the casing 20 is electrically connected to the negative electrode tab, that is, the casing 20 is in a low potential state.
  • the steel casing 20 is not easily corroded by the electrolyte in a low potential state.
  • the electrode assembly 10 may be a cylinder.
  • the electrode assembly 10 has a central axis.
  • the central axis of the electrode assembly 10 is a virtual straight line.
  • the first pole piece, the second pole piece and the spacer can be wound based on the central axis.
  • the first tab 11 is wound in multiple turns around the central axis of the electrode assembly 10 , in other words, the first tab 11 includes multiple turns of the tab layer.
  • the first tab 11 is generally cylindrical, and there is a gap between two adjacent tab layers.
  • the first tab 11 can be processed to reduce the gap between the tab layers, so as to facilitate the connection of the first tab 11 with other components.
  • the first tab 11 can be flattened so that the end area of the first tab 11 away from the main body 13 is gathered and gathered together; One end of the main body part 13 forms a dense end surface, which reduces the gap between the tab layers and facilitates the connection of the first tab 11 with other components.
  • a conductive material may also be filled between two adjacent tab layers, so as to reduce the gap between the tab layers.
  • the second tab 12 is wound in multiple turns around the central axis of the electrode assembly 10 , and the second tab 12 includes multiple turns of tab layers.
  • the second tab 12 has also been smoothed to reduce the gap between the tab layers of the second tab 12 .
  • the second tab 12 is electrically connected to the barrel 21 through the cover plate 40 .
  • the battery cell 7 further includes an adapter part 51 , the adapter part 51 connects the cover plate 40 and the second tab 12 to electrically connect the second tab 12 to the cover plate 40 .
  • the second tab 12 is electrically connected to the cover body 22 through the adapter component 51 , the cover plate 40 and the cylinder body 21 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a casing of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the cover body 22 includes a body portion 2221 and a bent portion 223 , and the bent portion 223 is integrally connected to the cylinder body 21 and the body portion 2221 .
  • the thickness of the body part 2221 there is no limitation on the thickness of the body part 2221 , the thickness of the bent part 223 and the wall thickness of the barrel 21 , and the thicknesses of the three can be determined according to requirements.
  • the bending portion 223 surrounds the body portion 2221 and bends relative to the body portion 2221 .
  • the bent portion 223 can release stress during the molding process of the casing 20 , reduce stress concentration, and reduce the risk of the casing 20 breaking.
  • the cover body 22 is provided with a first electrode lead-out hole 221 , and the first electrode lead-out hole 221 penetrates the cover body 22 so as to lead out the electric energy in the electrode assembly 10 to the outside of the casing 20 .
  • the first electrode lead-out hole 221 penetrates through the cover body 22 along the thickness direction of the cover body 22 .
  • the first electrode lead-out hole 221 may be opened in the body portion 2221 , that is, the first electrode lead-out hole 221 is directly surrounded by the body portion 2221 .
  • the first electrode lead-out holes 221 may also be opened in other parts of the cover body 22 .
  • the first electrode terminal 30 is used to cooperate with the first electrode lead-out hole 221 to cover the first electrode lead-out hole 221 .
  • the first electrode terminal 30 may or may not extend into the first electrode lead-out hole 221 .
  • the first electrode terminal 30 is fixed to the cover 22 .
  • the first electrode terminal 30 can be integrally fixed on the outside of the cover body 22 , or can extend into the inside of the casing 20 through the first electrode lead-out hole 221 .
  • the cover 22 is electrically connected to the second tab 12 .
  • at least a part of the body part 2221 is used to connect to the second flow-combining component 82 .
  • the body part 2221 can be a plate-shaped structure.
  • the body portion 2221 having a plate-like structure can be better fitted to the second confluence member 82, so as to ensure the connection strength and flow area between the two.
  • the second current-combining component 82 can be connected to the body part 2221 by welding, bonding or other means, so as to realize the electrical connection between the second current-combining component 82 and the cover body 22 .
  • the body portion 2221 is an annular plate-like structure extending along the circumference of the first electrode extraction hole 221 to surround the first electrode extraction hole 221 .
  • the cylinder body 21 is cylindrical, the first electrode lead-out hole 221 is a circular hole, and the central axis of the cylinder body 21 is coincident with the central axis of the first electrode lead-out hole 221 .
  • the "coincident setting" does not require that the central axis of the cylinder body 21 and the central axis of the first electrode lead-out hole 221 are absolutely completely coincident, and there may be deviations allowed by the process.
  • the first electrode lead-out hole 221 is used to define the position of the first electrode terminal 30.
  • the central axis of the first electrode lead-out hole 221 coincides with the central axis of the cylinder body 21, so that at least part of the first electrode terminal 30 Located at the center of the cover body 22 .
  • the thickness of the body portion 2221 is greater than the wall thickness of the barrel 21 .
  • the body portion 2221 with a larger thickness can better support components such as the first electrode terminal 30 ; when the first electrode terminal 30 is pulled by an external force, the body portion 2221 with a larger thickness is less deformed.
  • the cylinder body 21 mainly separates the electrode assembly 10 from the outside world, and can have a relatively small thickness, so as to reduce the overall weight of the battery cell 7 and increase energy density.
  • the body portion 2221 can be used to connect to the second bus component 82 .
  • the body part 2221 needs to have a relatively large thickness to ensure the connection strength between the body part 2221 and the second busbar 82 .
  • the body part 2221 is welded to the second bus component 82 . If the thickness of the body portion 2221 is too small, the body portion 2221 is easily melted during the welding process; therefore, the body portion 2221 of the embodiment of the present application has a relatively large thickness.
  • the body portion 2221 is a flat plate structure with uniform thickness.
  • the body part 2221 has an inner surface 222a and an outer surface 222b oppositely disposed along its thickness direction, the inner surface 222a of the body part 2221 faces the electrode assembly 10, and the outer surface 222b of the body part 2221 faces away from the electrode assembly 10.
  • both the inner surface 222a and the outer surface 222b are planar.
  • the thickness D1 of the body part 2221 and the wall thickness D2 of the barrel 21 satisfy: 0.1mm ⁇ D1-D2 ⁇ 2mm.
  • the casing 20 can be formed by stretching a flat plate. If D1-D2 is greater than 2 mm, the stretching amount of the main body 2221 and the stretching amount of the barrel 21 are too different during the stretching process, and the barrel 21 is easily damaged during the stretching process.
  • the value of D1-D2 is 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm or 2mm.
  • the cover body 22 includes a receiving recess 2222 recessed from the outer surface 222b of the body part 2221 in a direction facing the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the bottom wall of the receiving recess 2222 is provided with a first electrode lead-out hole 221 , and the first electrode terminal 30 is installed in the first electrode lead-out hole 221 .
  • the body portion 2221 is disposed around the outer periphery of the receiving recess 2222 .
  • the first electrode lead-out hole 221 penetrates the bottom wall of the receiving recess 2222 and communicates the receiving recess 2222 with the inside of the casing 20 .
  • the size of the outer surface 222b of the protruding body portion 2221 of the first electrode terminal 30 can be reduced, thereby reducing the maximum size of the battery cell and increasing the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell 7 further includes a first insulating member 61, the accommodating recess 2222 is configured to accommodate at least a part of the first insulating member 61, and the part of the first insulating member 61 accommodated in the accommodating recess 2222 is attached to the The side wall and/or the bottom wall of the concave portion 2222 are accommodated.
  • the first electrode terminal 30 is fixed to the cover 22 .
  • the bottom wall of the accommodating recess 2222 can be used to cooperate with and fix the first electrode terminal 30 .
  • the first insulating member 61 is used to insulate at least part of the first electrode terminal 30 from the cover body 22 .
  • at least part of the first insulating member 61 is clamped between the bottom wall of the receiving recess 2222 and the first electrode terminal 30, so as to insulate and separate the bottom wall of the receiving recess 2222 from the first electrode terminal 30, and reduce the short circuit. risk.
  • a part of the first insulating member 61 can be accommodated in the receiving recess 2222 , or the whole of the first insulating member 61 can be accommodated in the receiving recess 2222 .
  • the part of the first insulating member 61 accommodated in the accommodation recess 2222 may be attached only to the side wall of the accommodation recess 2222, or may only be attached to the bottom wall of the accommodation recess 2222, or may be attached to the bottom wall of the accommodation recess 2222 at the same time. and side walls.
  • Attachment refers to attaching and contacting two components, and the two components may be attached and fixed, or just attached but not fixed.
  • the first electrode terminal 30 and the bottom wall of the accommodation recess 2222 sandwich the portion of the first insulating member 61 accommodated in the accommodation recess 2222 from both sides, and the portion of the first insulating member 61 accommodated in the accommodation recess 2222 is clamped. Attached to the bottom wall of the receiving recess 2222 under the action of holding force.
  • the portion of the first insulating member 61 accommodated in the accommodation recess 2222 may also be attached to the bottom wall of the accommodation recess 2222 by adhesive.
  • the first insulating member 61 can be positioned, which simplifies the assembly process.
  • the accommodating recess 2222 can accommodate at least part of the first insulating member 61, which can reduce the size of the first insulating member 61 and the first electrode terminal 30 protruding from the outer surface 222b of the body portion 2221 to reduce the maximum size of the battery cell 7. size, increasing energy density.
  • the outer surface 222b of the body part 2221 is exposed, which is not covered by the first electrode terminal 30 and the first insulating member 61 .
  • a cover protrusion 2223 protruding from the inner surface 222 a of the body part 2221 in a direction facing the electrode assembly 10 is formed on the cover 22 at a position opposite to the accommodating recess 2222 .
  • the thickness of the bottom wall of the receiving recess 2222 can be increased by providing the cover protrusion 2223, so as to improve the strength of the bottom wall of the receiving recess 2222, so that the bottom wall of the receiving recess 2222 can effectively support the first electrode terminal 30 .
  • the receiving recess 2222 and the cover protrusion 2223 may be formed by stamping the cover 22 .
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of FIG. 6 at circle C;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first electrode terminal provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the first electrode terminal 30 includes a first concave portion 31 and a first connecting portion 32 located at the bottom of the first concave portion 31 .
  • the first connecting portion 32 is used to realize electrical connection with the first tab 11 through the first welding portion W1.
  • the first recess 31 may be recessed from the side of the first electrode terminal 30 facing away from the electrode assembly 10 in a direction facing the electrode assembly 10 , or may be recessed from the side of the first electrode terminal 30 facing away from the electrode assembly 10 in a direction away from the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the first connection portion 32 is a portion of the first electrode terminal 30 corresponding to the bottom surface of the first concave portion 31 .
  • the first connecting portion 32 is welded with other components to form a first welding portion W1.
  • Current is conducted between the first electrode terminal 30 and the first tab 11 through the first welding portion W1.
  • the first connecting portion 32 may be directly welded to the first tab 11 to form the first welding portion W1.
  • a part of the first connection part 32 and a part of the first tab 11 melt to form a molten pool, and the molten pool solidifies to form the first welding part W1.
  • the first connecting portion 32 is welded to other components connected to the first tab 11 (such as a current collecting member described later) to form the first welding portion W1.
  • a part of the first connection part 32 and a part of the current collecting member melt to form a molten pool, and the molten pool solidifies to form the first welding part W1.
  • the shape of the first welding portion W1 may be straight, C-shaped, circular, spiral, V-shaped or other shapes. There may be one first welding part W1, or there may be a plurality of them.
  • the thickness of the first connection part 32 is reduced by opening the first concave part 31 on the first electrode terminal 30, thereby reducing the welding power required for welding, reducing heat generation, and reducing other components being burned risks and improve safety.
  • the first welding portion W1 can reduce the resistance between the first electrode terminal 30 and the first tab 11 and improve the overcurrent capability.
  • the welding equipment can irradiate a laser on the surface of the first connecting portion 32 facing the first concave portion 31, and the laser will melt a part of the first connecting portion 32 and a part of the components inside the first connecting portion 32 to form a molten pool , the first welded portion W1 is formed after the molten pool is solidified.
  • the battery cell 7 further includes a current collecting member 50 connected to the first tab 11 .
  • the first connecting portion 32 is welded to the current collecting member 50 to form a first welding portion W1.
  • the current collecting member 50 electrically connects the first tab 11 to the first electrode terminal 30 .
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the connection method between the first tab 11 and the current collecting member 50 , for example, the current collecting member 50 may be connected to the first tab 11 by welding, abutting or bonding.
  • the number of tab layers of the first tab 11 that can be directly connected to the first connecting portion 32 is limited, which affects the uniformity of the current density of the first tab 11 .
  • the connection area between the current collecting member 50 and the first tab 11 may be larger, and the current collecting member 50 may be connected to more tab layers.
  • the first electrode terminal 30 includes a terminal body 34 and a sealing plate 33
  • the terminal body 34 includes a first concave portion 31 and a first connecting portion 32
  • the first connecting portion 32 is located on the side of the first concave portion 31 facing the electrode assembly 10 side.
  • the sealing plate 33 is connected to the terminal body 34 and closes the opening of the first recess 31 .
  • the sealing plate 33 can be entirely located outside the first recess 31 , or partially accommodated in the first recess 31 , as long as the sealing plate 33 can close the opening of the first recess 31 .
  • the sealing plate 33 can protect the first connection portion 32 from the outside, reduce foreign impurities entering the first concave portion 31 , reduce the risk of the first connection portion 32 being damaged by external impurities, and improve the sealing performance of the battery cell 7 .
  • At least part of the sealing plate 33 is accommodated in the first recess 31 .
  • the sealing plate 33 may be entirely accommodated in the first concave portion 31 , or may be partially accommodated in the first concave portion 31 .
  • the first recess 31 can provide a receiving space for the sealing plate 33 , thereby reducing the size of the sealing plate 33 protruding from the terminal body 34 , reducing the space occupied by the first electrode terminal 30 , and increasing the energy density of the battery cell 7 .
  • the sealing plate 33 can be used to connect with the first bus part 81 of the battery. When it is necessary to weld the first confluence component 81 and the sealing plate 33, first attach the first confluence component 81 to the upper surface of the sealing plate 33 (that is, the outer surface of the sealing plate 33 away from the first connecting portion 32), and then weld The first flow-combining member 81 and the sealing plate 33 .
  • the sealing plate 33 protrudes from the surface of the terminal body 34 facing away from the electrode assembly 10 .
  • At least part of the sealing plate 33 protrudes from the surface of the terminal body 34 facing away from the electrode assembly 10 , so as to reduce the risk of the terminal body 34 interfering with the bonding between the sealing plate 33 and the first bus component 81 and reduce the risk of false welding.
  • a gap is provided between the sealing plate 33 and the first connecting portion 32 .
  • the gap can be used to avoid the first weld W1.
  • the surface of the first welding portion W1 is uneven. If the sealing plate 33 is pressed against the first welding portion W1, it will cause the sealing plate 33 to vibrate during the assembly process and affect the sealing effect.
  • a gap is provided between the sealing plate 33 and the first connecting portion 32 to avoid the sealing plate 33 and the first welding portion W1, thereby reducing the risk of direct contact between the sealing plate 33 and the first welding portion W1, and reducing The shaking of the sealing plate 33 during the assembly process ensures the sealing effect.
  • a side wall of the first recess 31 is provided with a stepped surface 311 , at least a part of the sealing plate 33 is accommodated in the first recess 31 , and the stepped surface 311 is used to support the sealing plate 33 .
  • the first recess 31 is a stepped recess with a large outside and a small inside.
  • the stepped surface 311 can support the sealing plate 33 and position the sealing plate 33 , thereby simplifying the assembly process and forming a gap between the sealing plate 33 and the first connecting portion 32 .
  • the sealing plate 33 is welded to the sidewall of the first recess 31 to close the opening of the first recess 31 .
  • the first connecting portion 32 is provided with a groove 324 recessed from the first outer surface 322 of the first connecting portion 32 along the direction facing the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the first connecting portion 32 has a first outer surface 322 and a first inner surface 321 oppositely disposed along its thickness direction, the first inner surface 321 faces the electrode assembly 10 , and the first outer surface 322 faces away from the electrode assembly 10 .
  • both the first outer surface 322 and the first inner surface 321 are planes.
  • the groove 324 is recessed relative to the first outer surface 322 in a direction facing the electrode assembly 10 .
  • a portion between the bottom surface of the groove 324 and the first inner surface 321 is used for welding with other components to form a first welding portion W1.
  • a groove 324 is provided on the first connecting portion 32 to form a stepped structure on the first connecting portion 32 .
  • a gap is formed between the first outer surface 322 and the bottom surface of the groove 324 .
  • the groove 324 is provided to form a gap between the first outer surface 322 and the bottom surface of the groove 324. In this way, the first outer surface 322 can be used to support external equipment, so as to connect the external equipment to the first welding part W1 spaced apart to reduce the risk of crushing external equipment.
  • the external device may be a liquid injection device, an air extraction device, a welding device or other devices for the battery cells 7 .
  • the first connecting portion 32 is provided with a through hole 323 for injecting electrolyte.
  • the through hole 323 can communicate the space outside the housing 20 with the inner space of the housing 20 .
  • the liquid injection head of the liquid injection device presses against the first connecting portion 32 , and then the liquid injection head injects electrolyte solution into the casing 20 through the through hole 323 .
  • the liquid injection head when injecting liquid, the liquid injection head is pressed against the first outer surface 322, the first outer surface 322 can support the liquid injection head, and cooperate with the liquid injection head to achieve sealing, reducing the electrolyte leakage to the battery cell 7 External risks.
  • the deformation of the casing 20 during the liquid injection process can be reduced, the structure of the battery cell 7 can be simplified, and the through hole can be reduced. 323 influence on the strength of the housing 20.
  • the sealing plate 33 is used to seal the through hole 323 . After the process related to the through hole 323 is completed, the sealing plate 33 is connected to the terminal body 34 to reduce the risk of electrolyte leakage through the through hole 323 and improve the sealing performance.
  • the through hole 323 can also be applied to other processes, such as a chemical formation process.
  • gas will be generated in the housing 20 , and the through hole 323 can also be used to communicate with an external negative pressure device to extract the gas in the housing 20 .
  • the terminal body 34 has a second outer surface 344 and a second inner surface 345 disposed opposite to each other.
  • the second inner surface 345 faces the electrode assembly 10
  • the second outer surface 344 faces away from the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the first recess 31 is recessed from the second outer surface 344 to the first outer surface 322 of the first connection portion 32 in a direction facing the electrode assembly 10 .
  • At least a portion of the sealing plate 33 protrudes from the second outer surface 344 of the terminal body 34 .
  • the first connecting portion 32 is disposed at one end of the terminal body 34 facing the electrode assembly 10 , and the first inner surface 321 of the first connecting portion 32 is flush with the second inner surface 345 .
  • the second inner surface 345 is a surface of the terminal body 34 facing the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the first inner surface 321 of the first connecting portion 32 constitutes a part of the second inner surface 345 .
  • the terminal body 34 can be fitted with the current collecting member 50 having a flat plate structure.
  • the first connecting portion 32 can be attached to the current collecting member 50 , so as to facilitate the welding of the first connecting portion 32 and the current collecting member 50 .
  • the terminal body 34 includes a columnar portion 341 , a first limiting portion 342 and a second limiting portion 343 , at least a part of the columnar portion 341 is located in the first electrode lead-out hole 221 , and the first concave portion 31 is disposed on the columnar portion.
  • the first limiting portion 342 and the second limiting portion 343 are connected and protrude from the outer wall of the columnar portion 341
  • the first limiting portion 342 and the second limiting portion 343 are respectively arranged on the outer side and the outer side of the cover body 22.
  • the inner side is used to clamp a part of the cover body 22 .
  • the first limiting part 342 is arranged on the outside of the cover body 22, which means that the first limiting part 342 is arranged on the side of the cover body 22 away from the electrode assembly 10; the second limiting part 343 is arranged on the inner side of the cover body 22, It means that the second limiting portion 343 is disposed on the side of the cover body 22 facing the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the first limiting portion 342 overlaps the cover 22
  • at least part of the second limiting portion 343 overlaps the cover 22 .
  • the columnar portion 341 passes through the first electrode lead-out hole 221 to connect the first limiting portion 342 and the second limiting portion 343 located on both sides of the cover body 22 respectively.
  • the first limiting portion 342 and the second limiting portion 343 clamp a part of the cover body 22 from both sides, so as to fix the terminal body 34 on the cover body 22 .
  • the first limiting portion 342 and the second limiting portion 343 can directly clamp the cover body 22 , or indirectly clamp the cover body 22 through other components.
  • the columnar portion 341 is cylindrical. Both the first limiting portion 342 and the second limiting portion 343 are annular structures surrounding the cylindrical portion 341 .
  • At least part of the first insulating member 61 is disposed between the first limiting portion 342 and the cover 22 .
  • at least part of the first insulating member 61 is disposed between the first limiting portion 342 and the bottom surface of the receiving recess 2222 .
  • the first insulating member 61 can insulate and isolate the first limiting portion 342 from the cover 22 .
  • the battery cell 7 further includes a second insulating member 62 , at least part of the second insulating member 62 is disposed between the second limiting portion 343 and the cover 22 .
  • at least part of the second insulating member 62 is disposed between the second limiting portion 343 and the top end surface of the cover protrusion 2223 .
  • the second insulating member 62 can insulate at least part of the second limiting portion 343 from the cover 22 .
  • both the first insulating member 61 and the second insulating member 62 are annular structures disposed around the columnar portion 341 .
  • the battery cell 7 further includes a sealing ring 63 sleeved on the columnar portion 341 and used to seal the first electrode lead-out hole 221 .
  • a part of the sealing ring 63 extends into the first electrode lead-out hole 221 to separate the hole wall of the first electrode lead-out hole 221 from the columnar portion 341 .
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • the first connecting portion 32 is welded to the first tab 11 to form a first welding portion W1 .
  • the battery cell 7 of the embodiment of the present application can omit the current collecting member, thereby simplifying the internal structure of the battery cell, shortening the conductive path between the first electrode terminal 30 and the first tab 11, reducing the resistance, and improving the battery cell.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided by other embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 13 is an enlarged schematic view of block D in FIG. 12 .
  • the cover plate 40 is sealingly connected with the cylinder body 21 through a sealing member 70 .
  • a sealing member 70 By providing the sealing member 70 between the cover plate 40 and the cylinder body 21, the sealing performance of the battery cell 7 can be improved.
  • the joint between the cover plate 40 and the cylinder body 21 may be a region where the cover plate 40 and the cylinder body 21 clamp the sealing member 70 together.
  • the cylinder body 21 includes a support portion 212 and a flange portion 213 , and the support portion 212 and the flange portion 213 are arranged along the axis X of the cylinder body 21 .
  • the cover plate 40 is clamped between the support portion 212 and the flange portion 213 to realize the fixing of the cover plate 40 .
  • the seal 70 wraps around the periphery of the cover plate 40 .
  • a part of the seal 70 is clamped between the support part 212 and the cover plate 40, and a part is clamped between the flange part 213 and the cover plate 40, thereby realizing the opening of the cylinder body 21 211 of the seal.
  • the cylinder body 21 is rolled from the outside to form an inwardly convex support portion 212 on the cylinder body 21 .
  • the cover plate 40 and the sealing member 70 covered on the cover plate 40 are put into the cylinder body 21, and then the end of the cylinder body 21 is bent by flanging process, so that the cylinder body 21 is formed Flange portion 213 .
  • the second tab 12 is electrically connected to the barrel 21 through an adapter component 51 .
  • the transition member 51 is welded to the support portion 212 of the cylinder 21 to electrically connect the cylinder 21 and the second tab 12 .
  • the seal 70 insulates the cover plate 40 from the barrel 21 .
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a battery provided by another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic top view of a battery cell provided by another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of FIG. 15 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 further includes a second tab 12 , and the polarity of the second tab 12 is opposite to that of the first tab 11 .
  • the battery cell 7 also includes a second electrode terminal 90 electrically connected to the second tab 12 , and the second electrode terminal 90 is used to connect to the second bus component 82 of the battery.
  • the second electrode terminal 90 may be provided on the cover body 22 or on the cover plate 40 .
  • the second electrode terminal 90 can be directly connected to the second tab 12 to realize the electrical connection between the second electrode terminal 90 and the second tab 12 .
  • the second electrode terminal 90 can be connected to the second tab 12 by bonding, abutting, clipping, welding or other methods.
  • the second electrode terminal 90 may also be indirectly connected to the second tab 12 through other conductive members, so as to realize the electrical connection between the second electrode terminal 90 and the second tab 12 .
  • the conductive member can be connected to the second tab 12 and the second electrode terminal 90 at the same time, so as to realize the electrical connection between the second electrode terminal 90 and the second tab 12 .
  • the busbar for electrical connection with the second electrode terminal 90 of the battery cell 7 may be referred to as the second busbar 82 corresponding to the battery cell 7 .
  • the second bus component 82 can be connected to the second electrode terminal 90 by welding, bonding or other means, so as to realize the electrical connection between the second bus component 82 and the second electrode terminal 90 .
  • the first bussing part 81 connects the first electrode terminal 30 of one battery cell 7 and the second electrode terminal 90 of another battery cell 7
  • the second bussing part 82 connects the second electrode terminal 90 of the one battery cell 7 .
  • Two electrode terminals 90 and the first electrode terminal 30 of another battery cell 7 in this way, the first busbar 81 and the second busbar 82 connect the three battery cells 7 in series.
  • the first electrode terminal 30 and the second electrode terminal 90 can be used as two output electrodes of the battery cell 7 to realize the electrical connection between the battery cell 7 and an external circuit.
  • the second electrode terminal 90 replaces the cover body 22 as the output electrode, which can reduce the welding stress on the cover body 22 and reduce the strength requirement for the casing 20 .
  • the second electrode terminal 90 is disposed on the cover 22 .
  • the first electrode terminal 30 and the second electrode terminal 90 are located at the same end of the battery cell 7, so that the first bus component 81 and the second bus component 82 can be assembled on the same side of the battery cell 7, which can simplify the assembly process, The efficiency of assembling a plurality of battery cells 7 into groups is improved.
  • the second electrode terminal 90 is arranged on the cover body 22 away from the cover plate 40 to increase the distance between the junction of the cylinder body 21 and the cover plate 40 and the second electrode terminal 90, so that the battery cell 7 is subjected to external impact At the same time, the impact on the connection between the cylinder body 21 and the cover plate 40 is reduced, the risk of failure of the connection between the cover plate 40 and the housing 20 is reduced, the electrolyte leakage is reduced, and the safety is improved.
  • the cover body 22 is further provided with a second electrode lead-out hole.
  • the second electrode terminal 90 is installed in the second electrode lead-out hole.
  • both the first electrode terminal 30 and the second electrode terminal 90 protrude from the outer surface of the cover body 22 to reduce the risk of the cover body 22 interfering with the bus component and simplify the connection process between the bus component and the electrode terminal.
  • both the first electrode terminal 30 and the second electrode terminal 90 are insulated from the cover 22 .
  • This embodiment can make the housing 20 uncharged, thereby reducing the risk of electric leakage and improving safety.
  • the base material of the casing 20 is aluminum.
  • the aluminum casing 20 has a relatively low weight, which can increase the energy density of the battery cells 7 .
  • the housing 20 is not charged, so the aluminum housing 20 is not easily corroded by the electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly 10 further includes a main body portion 13 . Both the first tab 11 and the second tab 12 protrude from the end of the main body 13 facing the cover 22 to reduce the distance between the first tab 11 and the first electrode terminal 30 and the distance between the second tab 12 and the second terminal. The distance between the two electrode terminals 90.
  • the first electrode terminal 30 includes a terminal body 34 and a sealing plate 33 .
  • the terminal body 34 includes a first concave portion 31 and a first connecting portion 32 , and the first connecting portion 32 is located on a side of the first concave portion 31 facing the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the sealing plate 33 is connected to the terminal body 34 and closes the opening of the first recess 31 .
  • a through hole for liquid injection may be opened on the cover body 22 or the cover plate 40 .
  • the through hole on the first connecting portion 32 can be omitted.
  • the sealing plate 33 of the first electrode terminal 30 may be retained or omitted.
  • the electrode assembly 10 further includes a second tab 12 , and the polarity of the second tab 12 is opposite to that of the first tab 11 .
  • the battery cell 7 further includes a second electrode terminal 90 disposed on the cover 22 , and the second electrode terminal 90 includes a second concave portion 91 and a second connection portion 92 at the bottom of the second concave portion 91 .
  • the second connecting portion 92 is used to realize electrical connection with the second tab 12 through the second welding portion W2.
  • the second connecting portion 92 may be directly welded to the second tab 12 to form the second welding portion W2.
  • a part of the second connection part 92 and a part of the second tab 12 melt to form a molten pool, and the molten pool solidifies to form the second welding part W2.
  • the second connecting portion 92 is welded to other components connected to the second tab 12 (such as another current collecting member 52 ) to form the second welding portion W2.
  • a part of the second connection part 92 and a part of the current collecting member 52 melt to form a molten pool, and the molten pool solidifies to form the second welded part W2.
  • the thickness of the second connection part 92 is reduced by opening the second concave part 91 on the second electrode terminal 90, thereby reducing the welding power required for welding, reducing heat generation, and reducing other components being burned risks and improve safety.
  • the second welding portion W2 can reduce the resistance between the second electrode terminal 90 and the second tab 12 and improve the overcurrent capability.
  • the second electrode terminal 90 may have the same structure as the first electrode terminal 30 .
  • the second electrode terminal 90 also includes a terminal body and a sealing plate.
  • the battery cells 7 may be square battery cells.
  • the cylinder body 21 can be a square cylinder.
  • the cover body 22 may be rectangular, and the electrode assembly 10 may be flat.
  • the first electrode lead-out hole and the second electrode lead-out hole may be respectively disposed close to both ends of the cover body 22 along its length direction.
  • a battery including a plurality of battery cells in any one of the above embodiments.
  • an electric device including the battery in any one of the above embodiments, and the battery is used to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • the electrical device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using battery cells.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a cylindrical battery cell 7 , which includes an electrode assembly 10 , a casing 20 , a first electrode terminal 30 , a current collecting member 50 and a cover plate 40 .
  • the casing 20 includes a cylinder body 21 and a cover body 22 formed integrally.
  • the cylinder body 21 has an opening 211 at an end away from the cover body 22 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 is accommodated in the casing 20 and includes a first tab 11 and a second tab 12 .
  • the polarity of the second tab 12 is opposite to that of the first tab 11 .
  • the first tab 11 is disposed at one end of the electrode assembly 10 facing the cover 22
  • the second tab 12 is disposed at one end of the electrode assembly 10 facing the cover 40 .
  • the cover plate 40 is connected to the cylinder body 21 and covers the opening.
  • the cover body 22 is electrically connected to the second tab 12 through the barrel body 21 .
  • the first electrode terminal 30 includes a terminal body 34 and a sealing plate 33 , and the terminal body 34 includes a first recess 31 and a first connection portion 32 at the bottom of the first recess 31 .
  • the current collecting member 50 is welded to the first tab 11 and the first connecting portion 32 to electrically connect the terminal body 34 to the first tab 11 .
  • At least part of the sealing plate 33 is accommodated in the first recess 31 and closes the opening of the first recess 31 .
  • the sealing plate 33 is welded to the terminal main body 34 .

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池单体、电池以及用电装置。电池单体包括壳体、电极组件、第一电极端子以及盖板。壳体包括一体形成的筒体和盖体，筒体在背离盖体的一端具有开口。电极组件容纳于壳体内且包括第一极耳。第一电极端子设置于盖体并用于与第一极耳电连接。盖板连接于筒体并盖合开口。将第一电极端子安装到盖体，可增大筒体和盖板的连接处与第一电极端子之间的间距，从而在电池单体受到外部冲击时减小筒体和盖板的连接处受到的影响，降低盖板与壳体之间的连接失效的风险，减少电解液泄露，提高安全性。

Description

电池单体、电池以及用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有：于2021年08月23日提交的名称为“电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置”、国际申请号为PCT/CN2021/114156申请的优先权，以及于2021年08月23日提交的名称为“电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置”、国际申请号为PCT/CN2021/114155申请的优先权；两件申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种电池单体、电池以及用电装置。
背景技术
电池单体广泛用于电子设备，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等等。电池单体可以包括镉镍电池单体、氢镍电池单体、锂离子电池单体和二次碱性锌锰电池单体等。
如何提高电池单体的安全性，是电池技术中的一个研究方向。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池单体、电池以及用电装置，其能提高电池单体的安全性。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体，其包括壳体、电极组件、第一电极端子以及盖板。壳体包括一体形成的筒体和盖体，筒体在背离盖体的一端具有开口。电极组件容纳于壳体内且包括第一极耳。第一电极端子设置于盖体并用于与第一极耳电连接。盖板连接于筒体并盖合开口。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第一电极端子安装到盖体且盖板盖合于筒体的开口，可增大筒体和盖板的连接处与第一电极端子之间的间距，从而在电池单体受到外部冲击时减小对筒体和盖板的连接处的影响，降低盖板与壳体之间的连接失效的风险，减少电解液泄露，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，盖板焊接于筒体。
在上述技术方案中，焊接既可以实现盖板与筒体的连接，还能改善盖板和筒体连接处的密封性。将第一电极端子安装于盖体，可增大筒体和盖板的焊接处与第一电极端子之间的间距，从而在第一电极端子受到外力拉扯时，减小盖板和筒体的焊接处 受到的影响，从而降低盖板和筒体的焊接处开裂的风险，提高密封性。
在一些实施例中，盖板通过密封件与筒体密封连接。
在上述技术方案中，通过在盖板和筒体之间设置密封件，可提高电池单体的密封性。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子用于与电池的第一汇流部件连接。第一电极端子作为电池单体的输出电极，可与第一汇流部件连接，以便于实现电池单体之间的电连接。
在电池单体受到外部冲击时，第一汇流部件可能会拉扯第一电极端子；上述技术方案将第一电极端子设置在远离盖板的盖体上，以增大筒体和盖板的连接处与第一电极端子之间的间距，从而在电池单体受到外部冲击时减小筒体和盖板的连接处受到的影响，降低盖板与壳体之间的连接失效的风险，减少电解液泄露，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，电极组件还包括第二极耳，第二极耳的极性与第一极耳的极性相反。电池单体还包括与第二极耳电连接的第二电极端子，第二电极端子用于与电池的第二汇流部件连接。
在上述技术方案中，第一电极端子和第二电极端子可作为电池单体的两个输出电极，以实现电池单体与外部电路的电连接。
在一些实施例中，第二电极端子设置于盖体。
在上述技术方案中，第一电极端子和第二电极端子位于电池单体的同一端，这样，第一汇流部件和第二汇流部件可以装配到电池单体的同一侧，这样可以简化装配工艺，提高多个电池单体装配成组的效率。将第二电极端子设置在远离盖板的盖体上，以增大筒体和盖板的连接处与第二电极端子之间的间距，从而在电池单体受到外部冲击时减小筒体和盖板的连接处受到的影响，降低盖板与壳体之间的连接失效的风险，减少电解液泄露，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子和第二电极端子均凸出于盖体的外表面，以降低盖体干涉汇流部件的风险，简化汇流部件与电极端子的连接工艺。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子和第二电极端子均与盖体绝缘。
在上述技术方案中，壳体不带电，从而降低漏电风险，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，壳体的基体材质为铝。
在上述技术方案中，铝制的壳体具有较小的重量，这样可以提高电池单体的能量密度。壳体不带电，所以铝制的壳体不易被电解液腐蚀。
在一些实施例中，电极组件还包括主体部。第一极耳和第二极耳均从主体部面向盖体的端部伸出，以减小第一极耳与第一电极端子的距离以及第二极耳与第二电极端子的距离。
在一些实施例中，电极组件还包括第二极耳，第二极耳的极性与第一极耳的极性相反。盖体电连接于第二极耳，且盖体用于与电池的第二汇流部件连接。
在上述技术方案中，通过将盖体和第一电极端子作为电池单体的两个输出电极，可以简化电池单体的结构，并保证电池单体的过流能力。第一电极端子和盖体位于电池单体的同一端，这样，第一汇流部件和第二汇流部件可以装配到电池单体的同一侧， 这样可以简化装配工艺，提高多个电池单体装配成组的效率。将第二汇流部件连接到盖体，可增大盖板和筒体的连接处与第二汇流部件和盖体的连接处之间的间距，从而在电池单体受到外部冲击时减小筒体和盖板的连接处受到的影响，降低盖板与壳体之间的连接失效的风险，减少电解液泄露，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，第一极耳设于电极组件面向盖体的一端，第二极耳设于电极组件面向盖板的一端。盖体通过筒体电连接于第二极耳。
在上述技术方案中，将第一极耳和第二极耳分别设于电极组件相对的两端，可以增大第一极耳和第二极耳之间的间距，降低第一极耳和第二极耳导通的风险，提高安全性。通过筒体实现盖体与第二极耳的电连接，可以省去将盖体和第二极耳连接的部件；由于盖体和筒体为一体式结构，所以盖体和筒体连接处的电阻较小，从而提升过流能力。
在一些实施例中，第二极耳为负极极耳，壳体的基体材质为钢。
壳体与负极极耳电连接，即壳体处于低电位状态。在上述技术方案中，钢制的壳体在低电位状态下不易被电解液腐蚀。
在一些实施例中，盖体包括本体部和弯折部，弯折部一体连接于筒体和本体部。
在上述技术方案中，弯折部可以在壳体的成型过程中释放应力，减小应力集中，降低壳体破裂的风险。
在一些实施例中，本体部的厚度大于筒体的壁厚。
在上述技术方案中，具有较大厚度的本体部可以更好的支撑第一电极端子等构件；在第一电极端子受到外力拉扯时，具有较大厚度的本体部的变形较小。筒体主要是将电极组件与外界隔开，其可以具有相对较小的厚度，从而减小电池单体整体的重量，提高能量密度。
在一些实施例中，盖体包括从本体部的外表面沿面向电极组件的方向凹陷的容纳凹部。容纳凹部的底壁设有第一电极引出孔，第一电极端子安装于第一电极引出孔。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置容纳凹部，可以减小第一电极端子的凸出本体部的外表面的尺寸，以减小电池单体的最大尺寸，提高电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，本体部的厚度D1和筒体的壁厚D2满足：0.1毫米≤D1-D2≤2毫米。
如果D1-D2过小，那么本体部的厚度偏小或者筒体的厚度偏大，本体部的厚度偏小会造成本体部的强度不足，而筒体的厚度偏大会造成筒体的重量偏大，影响能量密度。如果D1-D2过大，那么在壳体拉伸成型过程中，本体部的拉伸量和筒体的拉伸量差异过大，筒体容易在拉伸过程中破损。上述技术方案将D1-D2的值限定在0.1mm-2mm，可使壳体的强度满足要求，并降低电池单体的能量密度的损失。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子包括第一凹部和位于第一凹部底部的第一连接部。第一连接部用于通过第一焊接部实现与第一极耳的电连接。
在上述技术方案中，通过在第一电极端子上开设第一凹部来减小第一连接部的厚度，从而减小焊接所需的焊接功率，减少产热，降低其它构件被烧伤的风险，提高安全性。第一焊接部可以减小第一电极端子和第一极耳之间的电阻，提高过流能力。
在一些实施例中，第一连接部焊接于第一极耳，以形成第一焊接部。
上述技术方案可缩短第一电极端子与第一极耳之间的导电路径，减小电阻，提升电池单体的能量密度和过流能力。
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括连接于第一极耳的集流构件。第一连接部焊接于集流构件，以形成第一焊接部。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置集流构件，可减小第一极耳不同位置的部分与第一电极端子之间的电流路径的差异，提高电极组件的第一极片的电流密度的均匀性，降低内阻，提高过流能力。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子包括端子主体和密封板，端子主体包括第一凹部和第一连接部，第一连接部位于第一凹部面向电极组件的一侧。密封板连接于端子主体并封闭第一凹部的开口。
在上述技术方案中，密封板可以从外侧保护第一连接部，减少进入第一凹部的外部杂质，降低第一连接部被外部杂质损伤的风险，提高电池单体的密封性能。
在一些实施例中，密封板的至少部分容纳于第一凹部。
在上述技术方案中，第一凹部能够为密封板提供容纳空间，从而减小密封板凸出端子主体的尺寸，降低第一电极端子占用的空间，提高电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，密封板凸出于端子主体背离电极组件的表面。
在上述技术方案中，密封板的至少部分凸出于端子主体背离电极组件的表面，以降低端子主体干涉密封板和第一汇流部件的贴合的风险，降低虚焊风险。
在一些实施例中，密封板与第一连接部之间设有间隙。
第一焊接部的表面凹凸不平，如果密封板抵压在第一焊接部上，将会导致密封板在装配过程中晃动，影响密封效果。上述技术方案通过在密封板与第一连接部之间设置间隙，以将密封板与第一焊接部避开，降低密封板与第一焊接部直接接触的风险，减小密封板在装配过程中的晃动，保证密封效果。
在一些实施例中，第一连接部设有用于注入电解液的通孔。
在上述技术方案中，通过在第一电极端子的第一连接部上开设用于注入电解液的通孔，可减小壳体在注液过程中的变形，简化电池单体的结构，降低通孔对壳体强度的影响。
在一些实施例中，电极组件还包括第二极耳，第二极耳的极性与第一极耳的极性相反。电池单体还包括设于盖体的第二电极端子，第二电极端子包括第二凹部和位于第二凹部底部的第二连接部。第二连接部用于通过第二焊接部实现与第二极耳的电连接。
在上述技术方案中，通过在第二电极端子上开设第二凹部来减小第二连接部的厚度，从而减小焊接所需的焊接功率，减少产热，降低其它构件被烧伤的风险，提高安全性。第二焊接部可以减小第二电极端子和第二极耳之间的电阻，提高过流能力。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，包括多个第一方面任一实施例提供的电池单体。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电装置，包括第二方面的电池，电池用 于提供电能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸示意图；
图3为图2所示的电池模块的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的局部剖视示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸示意图；
图6为图4所示的电池在方框A处的放大示意图；
图7为图4所示的电池在方框B处的放大示意图；
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的壳体的局部剖视示意图；
图9为图6在圆框C处的放大示意图；
图10为本申请一些实施例提供的第一电极端子的剖视示意图；
图11为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池单体的局部剖视示意图；
图12为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池单体的剖视示意图；
图13为图12在方框D处的放大示意图；
图14为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；
图15为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池单体的俯视示意图；
图16为图15沿线E-E作出的剖视示意图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中术语“平行”不仅包括绝对平行的情况，也包括了工程上常规认知的大致平行的情况；同时，“垂直”也不仅包括绝对垂直的情况，还包括工程上常规认知的大致垂直的情况。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和正极极耳，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极极耳未涂覆正极活性物质层。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和负极极耳，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极极耳未涂覆负极活性物质层。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。隔离件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。
电池单体还包括壳体和盖板，壳体具有开口，盖板用于盖合壳体的开口，以与 壳体围合形成用于容纳电极组件和电解液的容纳空间。在装配时，可经由壳体的开口将电极组件安装到壳体内，然后再连接盖板和壳体，以实现壳体的开口的密封。
为了将电极组件中的电能引出，电池单体通常还设置有电极端子，电极端子用于将电极组件电连接到外部电路，以实现电极组件的充放电。
在电池中，电极端子需要与外部构件(例如汇流部件、检测线束等部件)连接。在电池单体受到外部冲击时，外部构件会拉扯电极端子。在相关技术中，电极端子通常安装在盖板上，受盖板尺寸的限制，盖板和壳体的连接处(例如焊接处)与电极端子之间的间距较小；当电极端子受到外部构件的拉扯时，电极端子会对盖板施加作用力，作用力传导至盖板和壳体的连接处，可能会造成盖板与壳体之间的连接失效，引发电解液泄露的风险，造成安全隐患。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种技术方案，通过将电极端子安装到壳体的远离盖板的一端，可增大盖板和壳体的连接处与电极端子之间的间距，在电池单体受到外部冲击时减小盖板和壳体的连接处受到的影响，降低造成盖板与壳体之间的连接失效的风险，提高安全性。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电装置。
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图。如图1所示，车辆1的内部设置有电池2，电池2可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池2可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池2可以作为车辆1的操作电源。
车辆1还可以包括控制器3和马达4，控制器3用来控制电池2为马达4供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池2不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸示意图。如图2所示，电池2包括箱体5和电池单体(图2未示出)，电池单体容纳于箱体5内。
箱体5用于容纳电池单体，箱体5可以是多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体5可以包括第一箱体部5a和第二箱体部5b，第一箱体部5a与第二箱体部5b相互盖合，第一箱体部5a和第二箱体部5b共同限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳空间5c。第二箱体部5b可以是一端开口的空心结构，第一箱体部5a为板状结构，第一箱体部5a盖合于第二箱体部5b的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间5c的箱体5；第一箱体部5a和第二 箱体部5b也均可以是一侧开口的空心结构，第一箱体部5a的开口侧盖合于第二箱体部5b的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间5c的箱体5。当然，第一箱体部5a和第二箱体部5b可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
为提高第一箱体部5a与第二箱体部5b连接后的密封性，第一箱体部5a与第二箱体部5b之间也可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。
假设第一箱体部5a盖合于第二箱体部5b的顶部，第一箱体部5a亦可称之为上箱盖，第二箱体部5b亦可称之为下箱体。
在电池2中，电池单体可以是一个，也可以是多个。若电池单体为多个，多个电池单体之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体构成的整体容纳于箱体5内；当然，也可以是多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块6，多个电池模块6再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体5内。
图3为图2所示的电池模块的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，电池单体7为多个，多个电池单体7先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块6。多个电池模块6再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。
电池模块6中的多个电池单体7之间可通过汇流部件8电连接，以实现电池模块6中的多个电池单体7的并联或串联或混联。汇流部件可为一个或多个，各汇流部件8用于将至少两个电池单体电连接。
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的局部剖视示意图；图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸示意图；图6为图4所示的电池在方框A处的放大示意图；图7为图4所示的电池在方框B处的放大示意图。
如图4至图7所示，本申请一些实施例的电池单体7包括电极组件10、壳体20、第一电极端子30和盖板40。壳体20包括一体形成的筒体21和盖体22，筒体21在背离盖体22的一端具有开口211。电极组件10容纳于壳体20内且包括第一极耳11。第一电极端子30设置于盖体22并用于与第一极耳11电连接。盖板40连接于筒体21并盖合开口211。
电极组件10包括极性相反的第一极片和第二极片。第一极片和第二极片中的一者为正极极片，另一者为负极极片。示例性地，电极组件10通过离子在正极极片和负极极片中的嵌入/脱出时的氧化和还原反应来产生电能。可选地，电极组件10还包括隔离件，隔离件用于将第一极片和第二极片绝缘隔离。
在一些示例中，第一极片、第二极片和隔离件均为带状结构，第一极片、第二极片和隔离件绕中心轴线卷绕为一体并形成卷绕结构。卷绕结构可以为圆柱状结构、扁平状结构或其它形状的结构。在另一些示例中，电极组件10也可以是由第一极片、隔离件和第二极片通过层叠布置形成的叠片式结构。
第一极耳11可为第一极片的未涂覆活性物质层的部分。第一极耳11可以为正极极耳，也可以是负极极耳。对应地，第一电极端子30可以是正极端子，也可以是负极端子。
壳体20为空心结构，其内部形成用于容纳电极组件10的空间。壳体20可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。壳体20的形状可根据电极组件10的具体形状来确定。比如，若电极组件10为圆柱体结构，则可选用为圆柱体壳体；若电极组件10为长方体结构，则可选用长方体壳体。
壳体20的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
壳体20可以带正电、可以带负电、也可以不带电。
筒体21环绕电极组件10的外周设置。筒体21可以是方筒，还可为圆筒，也可以是其它筒状结构，例如六棱筒。
盖体22连接于筒体21的背离开口211的一端。盖体22的形状与筒体21的形状相适配。例如，筒体21为方筒，盖体22可为方形结构；例如，筒体21为圆筒，盖体22可为圆形结构。
第一电极端子30可以直接连接于第一极耳11，以实现第一电极端子30与第一极耳11的电连接。示例性地，第一电极端子30可通过粘接、抵接、卡接、焊接或其它方式连接于第一极耳11。
可替代地，第一电极端子30也可通过其它导电构件间接地连接于第一极耳11，以实现第一电极端子30与第一极耳11的电连接。示例性地，导电构件可同时连接于第一极耳11和第一电极端子30，以实现第一电极端子30与第一极耳11的电连接。
第一电极端子30可作为电池单体7的一个输出电极，其可将电池单体7与外电路电连接，以实现电池单体7的充放电。可选地，第一电极端子30用于与汇流部件连接，以实现电池单体7之间的电连接。
第一电极端子30可以绝缘地设置于壳体20，也可以电连接于壳体20，本申请实施例对此不作限制，只要避免正极极片和负极极片导通即可。
盖板40的形状可以与筒体21的形状相适应以配合筒体21。例如，筒体21为方筒，盖板40可为方形结构；例如，筒体21为圆筒，盖板40可为圆形结构。
盖板40和壳体20可以为分开提供的两个构件，两者可通过焊接、铆接、粘接、卡接或其它方式连接在一起。筒体21和盖板40的连接处可以指筒体21和盖板40的用于实现两者固定连接的区域。
在本申请实施例中，通过将第一电极端子30安装到盖体22且盖板40盖合于筒体21的开口211，可增大筒体21和盖板40的连接处与第一电极端子30之间的间距，从而在电池单体7受到外部冲击时减小筒体21和盖板40的连接处受到的影响，降低盖板40与壳体20之间的连接失效的风险，减少电解液泄露，提高安全性。
在本申请实施例中，盖体22与筒体21为一体成型结构，可以省去盖体22和筒体21的连接工序。
在一些实施例中，壳体20可通过拉伸工艺成型。
在一些实施例中，盖板40焊接于筒体21。示例性地，盖板40和筒体21的连接处可为盖板40和筒体21焊接所形成的焊印。
焊接既可以实现盖板40与筒体21的连接，还能改善盖板40和筒体21连接处 的密封性。将第一电极端子30安装于盖体22，可增大盖板40和筒体21的焊接处与第一电极端子30的间距，从而在第一电极端子30受到外力拉扯时，减小盖板40和筒体21的焊接处受到的影响，从而降低盖板40和筒体21的焊接处开裂的风险，提高密封性。
在一些实施例中，盖板40通过激光焊接与筒体21相连。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子30用于与电池的第一汇流部件81连接。
在电池中，多个电池单体7通过多个汇流部件电连接。示例性地，电池单体7的两个输出电极分别与两个汇流部件电连接；用于与电池单体7的第一电极端子30电连接的汇流部件可称之为与该电池单体7对应的第一汇流部件81。
第一汇流部件81可通过焊接、粘接、铆接或其它方式连接到第一电极端子30，以实现第一汇流部件81和第一电极端子30的电连接。
示例性地，第一汇流部件81可将一个电池单体7的第一电极端子30连接到另一个电池单体7的输出电极，以将这两个电池单体7串联或并联。
第一电极端子30作为电池单体7的输出电极，可与第一汇流部件81连接，以便于实现电池单体7之间的电连接。
在电池单体7受到外部冲击时，第一汇流部件81可能会拉扯第一电极端子30；本申请实施例将第一电极端子30设置在远离盖板40的盖体22上，以增大筒体21和盖板40的连接处与第一电极端子30之间的间距，从而在电池单体7受到外部冲击时减小筒体21和盖板40的连接处受到的影响，降低盖板40与壳体20之间的连接失效的风险，减少电解液泄露，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，电极组件10还包括第二极耳12，第二极耳12的极性与第一极耳11的极性相反。盖体22电连接于第二极耳12，且盖体22用于与电池的第二汇流部件82连接。
第一极耳11为第一极片的未涂覆活性物质层的部分，第二极耳12为第二极片的未涂覆活性物质层的部分。
示例性地，电极组件10还包括主体部13，第一极耳11和第二极耳12凸出于主体部13。主体部13包括第一极片的涂覆有活性物质层的部分和第二极片的涂覆有活性物质层的部分。第一极耳11和第二极耳12用于将主体部13中的电流引出。
第一极耳11和第二极耳12可以从主体部13的同一侧伸出，也可以分别从相反的两侧延伸出。
第二极耳12可以直接电连接于盖体22，也可以通过一个或多个导电结构间接地电连接于盖体22，比如，第二极耳12可以通过筒体21电连接于盖体22；再比如，第二极耳12也可通过盖板40和筒体21电连接于盖体22。
第一电极端子30绝缘设置于盖体22，第一电极端子30和盖体22可以具有不同的极性，第一电极端子30和盖体22可以作为不同的输出电极。
在第二极耳12为负极极耳、第一极耳11为正极极耳时，盖体22为电池单体7的负输出极，而第一电极端子30为电池单体7的正输出极。在第二极耳12为正极极耳、第一极耳11为负极极耳时，盖体22为电池单体7的正输出极，而第一电极端子 30为电池单体7的负输出极。
用于与电池单体7的盖体22电连接的汇流部件可称之为与该电池单体7对应的第二汇流部件82。第二汇流部件82可通过焊接、粘接或其它方式连接到盖体22，以实现第二汇流部件82和盖体22的电连接。
示例性地，第一汇流部件81连接一个电池单体7的第一电极端子30和另一个电池单体7的盖体22，而第二汇流部件82连接该一个电池单体7的盖体22和再一个电池单体7的第一电极端子30，这样，第一汇流部件81和第二汇流部件82将三个电池单体7串联。
在本实施例中，通过将盖体22和第一电极端子30作为电池单体7的两个输出电极，可以简化电池单体7的结构，并保证电池单体7的过流能力。第一电极端子30和盖体22位于电池单体7的同一端，这样，第一汇流部件81和第二汇流部件82可以装配到电池单体7的同一侧，这样可以简化装配工艺，提高多个电池单体7装配成组的效率。
在电池单体7受到外部冲击时，第二汇流部件82可能会拉扯盖体22；将第二汇流部件82连接到盖体22，可增大盖板40和筒体21的连接处与第二汇流部件82和盖体22的连接处之间的间距，从而在电池单体7受到外部冲击时减小筒体21和盖板40的连接处受到的影响，降低盖板40与壳体20之间的连接失效的风险，减少电解液泄露，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，第一极耳11设于电极组件10面向盖体22的一端，第二极耳12设于电极组件10面向盖板40的一端。盖体22通过筒体21电连接于第二极耳12。
筒体21可以和第二极耳12直接连接，以实现筒体21与第二极耳12的电连接。可替代地，筒体21也可通过其它导电构件连接于第二极耳12，以实现筒体21与第二极耳12的电连接。
将第一极耳11和第二极耳12分别设于电极组件10相对的两端，可以增大第一极耳11和第二极耳12之间的间距，降低第一极耳11和第二极耳12导通的风险，提高安全性。通过筒体21实现盖体22与第二极耳12的电连接，可以省去将盖体22和第二极耳12连接的部件；由于盖体22和筒体21为一体式结构，所以盖体22和筒体21连接处的电阻较小，从而提升过流能力。
在一些实施例中，第二极耳12为负极极耳，壳体20的基体材质为钢。
基体材质是壳体20的材质组成中的主要成分。
壳体20与负极极耳电连接，即壳体20处于低电位状态。钢制的壳体20在低电位状态下不易被电解液腐蚀。
在一些实施例中，电极组件10可为圆柱体。
电极组件10具有中心轴线。电极组件10的中心轴线是一条虚拟的直线。第一极片、第二极片和隔离件可以中心轴线为基准进行卷绕。
在一些实施例中，第一极耳11环绕电极组件10的中心轴线卷绕为多圈，换言之，第一极耳11包括多圈极耳层。在卷绕完成后，第一极耳11大体为柱体状，相邻的两圈极耳层之间留有缝隙。本申请实施例可以对第一极耳11进行处理，以减小极耳层 间的缝隙，便于第一极耳11与其它部件连接。例如，本申请实施例可对第一极耳11进行揉平处理，以使第一极耳11的远离主体部13的端部区域收拢、集合在一起；揉平处理在第一极耳11远离主体部13的一端形成致密的端面，减小极耳层间的缝隙，便于第一极耳11与其它部件连接。可替代地，本申请实施例也可以在相邻的两圈极耳层之间填充导电材料，以减小极耳层间的缝隙。
在一些实施例中，第二极耳12环绕电极组件10的中心轴线卷绕为多圈，第二极耳12包括多圈极耳层。示例性地，且第二极耳12也经过了揉平处理，以减小第二极耳12的极耳层间的缝隙。
在一些实施例中，第二极耳12通过盖板40电连接到筒体21。
在一些实施例中，电池单体7还包括转接部件51，转接部件51连接盖板40和第二极耳12，以将第二极耳12电连接于盖板40。具体地，第二极耳12通过转接部件51、盖板40和筒体21电连接于盖体22。
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的壳体的局部剖视示意图。
请一并参照图5至图8，在一些实施例中，盖体22包括本体部2221和弯折部223，弯折部223一体连接于筒体21和本体部2221。
本实施例对本体部2221的厚度、弯折部223的厚度以及筒体21的壁厚不作限制，三者的厚度可以根据需求确定。
弯折部223环绕本体部2221一周并相对于本体部2221弯折。
在本申请实施例中，弯折部223可以在壳体20的成型过程中释放应力，减小应力集中，降低壳体20破裂的风险。
在一些实施例中，盖体22设有第一电极引出孔221，第一电极引出孔221贯通盖体22，以便于电极组件10中的电能引出到壳体20的外部。示例性地，第一电极引出孔221沿盖体22的厚度方向贯通盖体22。
第一电极引出孔221可以开设于本体部2221，即第一电极引出孔221直接由本体部2221围合而成。可替代地，第一电极引出孔221也可以开设于盖体22的其它部分。
第一电极端子30用于与第一电极引出孔221配合，以覆盖第一电极引出孔221。第一电极端子30可以伸入第一电极引出孔221，也可以不伸入第一电极引出孔221。第一电极端子30固定于盖体22。第一电极端子30可以整体固定在盖体22的外侧，也可以通过第一电极引出孔221伸入到壳体20的内部。
在一些实施例中，盖体22电连接于第二极耳12。可选地，本体部2221至少一部分用于连接第二汇流部件82。
本体部2221可为板状结构。具有板状结构的本体部2221可以更好的与第二汇流部件82贴合，从而保证两者之间的连接强度和过流面积。
第二汇流部件82可通过焊接、粘接或其它方式连接到本体部2221，以实现第二汇流部件82和盖体22的电连接。
在一些实施例中，本体部2221为环形的板状结构，其沿着第一电极引出孔221的周向延伸，以围绕第一电极引出孔221。
在一些实施例中，筒体21为圆筒状，第一电极引出孔221为圆孔，筒体21的中心轴和第一电极引出孔221的中心轴重合设置。“重合设置”并不要求筒体21的中心轴和第一电极引出孔221的中心轴绝对地完全重合，可以存在工艺允许的偏差。
第一电极引出孔221用于限定第一电极端子30的位置，本实施例将第一电极引出孔221的中心轴与筒体21的中心轴重合设置，可以使第一电极端子30的至少部分位于盖体22的中心位置。这样，当多个电池单体7装配成组时，可以降低对第一电极端子30的位置精度的要求，简化装配工艺，提高装配效率。
在一些实施例中，本体部2221的厚度大于筒体21的壁厚。
具有较大厚度的本体部2221可以更好的支撑第一电极端子30等构件；在第一电极端子30受到外力拉扯时，具有较大厚度的本体部2221的变形较小。筒体21主要是将电极组件10与外界隔开，其可以具有相对较小的厚度，从而减小电池单体7整体的重量，提高能量密度。
在一些实施例中，本体部2221可用于连接第二汇流部件82。本体部2221需要具有较大的厚度，以保证本体部2221和第二汇流部件82之间的连接强度。
示例性地，本体部2221焊接于第二汇流部件82。如果本体部2221的厚度过小，那么本体部2221容易在焊接的过程中被熔穿；因此，本申请实施例的本体部2221具有较大的厚度。
在一些实施例中，本体部2221为厚度均匀的平板结构。
在一些实施例中，本体部2221具有沿自身厚度方向相对设置的内表面222a和外表面222b，本体部2221的内表面222a面向电极组件10，本体部2221的外表面222b背向电极组件10。可选地，内表面222a和外表面222b均为平面。
在一些实施例中，本体部2221的厚度D1和筒体21的壁厚D2满足：0.1毫米≤D1-D2≤2毫米。
如果D1-D2小于0.1mm，那么本体部2221的厚度偏小或者筒体21的厚度偏大，本体部2221的厚度偏小会造成本体部2221的强度不足，而筒体21的厚度偏大会造成筒体21的重量偏大，影响能量密度。壳体20可使用平板拉伸而成。如果D1-D2大于2mm，那么在拉伸成型过程中，本体部2221的拉伸量和筒体21的拉伸量差异过大，筒体21容易在拉伸过程中破损。
发明人在经过深入的研究和大量的实验之后发现，将D1-D2的值限定在0.1mm-2mm，可使壳体20的强度满足要求，并降低电池单体7的能量密度的损失。
可选地，D1-D2的值为0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm、0.5mm、0.8mm、1mm、1.2mm、1.5mm、1.8mm或2mm。
在一些实施例中，盖体22包括从本体部2221的外表面222b沿面向电极组件10的方向凹陷的容纳凹部2222。容纳凹部2222的底壁设有第一电极引出孔221，第一电极端子30安装于第一电极引出孔221。
本体部2221环绕容纳凹部2222的外周设置。第一电极引出孔221贯穿容纳凹部2222的底壁，并将容纳凹部2222与壳体20的内部连通。
通过设置容纳凹部2222，可以减小第一电极端子30的凸出本体部2221的外表 面222b的尺寸，进而减小电池单体的最大尺寸，提高电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，电池单体7还包括第一绝缘构件61，容纳凹部2222被配置为容纳第一绝缘构件61的至少一部分，第一绝缘构件61容纳于容纳凹部2222内的部分附接于容纳凹部2222的侧壁和/或底壁。
第一电极端子30固定于盖体22。示例性地，容纳凹部2222的底壁可用于与第一电极端子30配合固定。
第一绝缘构件61用于将第一电极端子30的至少部分与盖体22绝缘隔开。示例性地，第一绝缘构件61的至少部分夹持于容纳凹部2222的底壁和第一电极端子30之间，以将容纳凹部2222的底壁和第一电极端子30绝缘隔开，降低短路风险。
本实施例既可以是第一绝缘构件61的一部分容纳于容纳凹部2222内，也可以是第一绝缘构件61整体容纳于容纳凹部2222内。
第一绝缘构件61容纳于容纳凹部2222内的部分可以仅附接于容纳凹部2222的侧壁，也可以仅附接于容纳凹部2222的底壁，还可以同时附接于容纳凹部2222的底壁和侧壁。
“附接”是指将两个构件贴附接触，两个构件之间可以是贴附并固定，也可以仅是贴附而不固定。例如，第一电极端子30和容纳凹部2222的底壁从两侧夹持第一绝缘构件61的容纳于容纳凹部2222内的部分，第一绝缘构件61的容纳于容纳凹部2222内的部分在夹持力的作用下附接在容纳凹部2222的底壁。当然，第一绝缘构件61的容纳于容纳凹部2222内的部分也可以通过粘接剂附接在容纳凹部2222的底壁。
本实施例通过设置容纳凹部2222，可以对第一绝缘构件61进行定位，简化装配工艺。容纳凹部2222能够容纳第一绝缘构件61的至少部分，这样能够减小第一绝缘构件61和第一电极端子30凸出本体部2221的外表面222b的尺寸，以减小电池单体7的最大尺寸，提高能量密度。
在一些实施例中，本体部2221的外表面222b露出，其未被第一电极端子30和第一绝缘构件61覆盖。
在一些实施例中，盖体22上与容纳凹部2222相对的位置形成有从本体部2221的内表面222a沿面向电极组件10的方向凸出的盖体凸部2223。本实施例通过设置盖体凸部2223，可以增大容纳凹部2222的底壁的厚度，以提高容纳凹部2222的底壁的强度，使容纳凹部2222的底壁能够有效地支撑第一电极端子30。
在一些实施例中，容纳凹部2222和盖体凸部2223可通过冲压盖体22形成。
图9为图6在圆框C处的放大示意图；图10为本申请一些实施例提供的第一电极端子的剖视示意图。
请一并参照图6至图10，在一些实施例中，第一电极端子30包括第一凹部31和位于第一凹部31底部的第一连接部32。第一连接部32用于通过第一焊接部W1实现与第一极耳11的电连接。
第一凹部31可以从第一电极端子30背离电极组件10的一侧沿面向电极组件10的方向凹陷，也可以从第一电极端子30面向电极组件10的一侧沿背离电极组件10的方向凹陷。
第一连接部32为第一电极端子30的与第一凹部31的底面相对应的部分。
第一连接部32与其它部件焊接以形成第一焊接部W1。电流通过第一焊接部W1在第一电极端子30和第一极耳11之间传导。
在一些示例中，第一连接部32可以直接焊接于第一极耳11，以形成第一焊接部W1。例如，第一连接部32的一部分和第一极耳11的一部分熔化并形成熔池，熔池凝固后形成第一焊接部W1。
在另一些可替代地示例中，第一连接部32焊接于与第一极耳11相连的其它部件(例如后述的集流构件)，以形成第一焊接部W1。例如，第一连接部32的一部分和集流构件的一部分熔化并形成熔池，熔池凝固后形成第一焊接部W1。
本申请实施例对第一焊接部W1的形状、位置、深度以及数量不作特殊限制。例如，第一焊接部W1的形状可以是直线形、C形、环形、螺旋形、V形或其它形状。第一焊接部W1可以为一个，也可以为多个。
在本申请实施例中，通过在第一电极端子30上开设第一凹部31来减小第一连接部32的厚度，从而减小焊接所需的焊接功率，减少产热，降低其它构件被烧伤的风险，提高安全性。第一焊接部W1可以减小第一电极端子30和第一极耳11之间的电阻，提高过流能力。
示例性地，焊接设备可在第一连接部32的面向第一凹部31的表面照射激光，激光将第一连接部32的一部分和位于第一连接部32内侧的部件的一部分熔化并形成熔池，熔池凝固后形成第一焊接部W1。
在一些实施例中，电池单体7还包括连接于第一极耳11的集流构件50。第一连接部32焊接于集流构件50，以形成第一焊接部W1。
集流构件50将第一极耳11电连接于第一电极端子30。本申请实施例不限制第一极耳11和集流构件50的连接方式，例如，集流构件50可以通过焊接、抵接或粘接等方式连接于第一极耳11。
受第一连接部32的尺寸限制，第一极耳11的能够直接与第一连接部32相连的极耳层的个数有限，影响第一极片的电流密度的均匀性。相较于第一电极端子30，集流构件50与第一极耳11之间可具有较大的连接面积，集流构件50可以和更多的极耳层连接。通过设置集流构件50，可减小第一极耳11不同位置的部分与第一电极端子30之间的电流路径的差异，提高电极组件10的第一极片的电流密度的均匀性，降低内阻，提高过流能力。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子30包括端子主体34和密封板33，端子主体34包括第一凹部31和第一连接部32，第一连接部32位于第一凹部31面向电极组件10的一侧。密封板33连接于端子主体34并封闭第一凹部31的开口。
密封板33可以整体位于第一凹部31的外侧，也可以部分地容纳于第一凹部31内，只要密封板33能够封闭第一凹部31的开口即可。
密封板33可以从外侧保护第一连接部32，减少进入第一凹部31的外部杂质，降低第一连接部32被外部杂质损伤的风险，提高电池单体7的密封性能。
在一些实施例中，密封板33的至少部分容纳于第一凹部31。
密封板33可以整体容纳于第一凹部31内，也可以部分地容纳于第一凹部31内。
第一凹部31能够为密封板33提供容纳空间，从而减小密封板33凸出端子主体34的尺寸，降低第一电极端子30占用的空间，提高电池单体7的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，密封板33可用于与电池的第一汇流部件81连接。当需要焊接第一汇流部件81和密封板33时，先将第一汇流部件81贴合到密封板33的上表面(即密封板33的背离第一连接部32的外表面)，然后再焊接第一汇流部件81和密封板33。
在一些实施例中，密封板33凸出于端子主体34背离电极组件10的表面。
密封板33的至少部分凸出于端子主体34背离电极组件10的表面，以降低端子主体34干涉密封板33和第一汇流部件81的贴合的风险，降低虚焊风险。
在一些实施例中，密封板33与第一连接部32之间设有间隙。间隙可用于避让第一焊接部W1。
第一焊接部W1的表面凹凸不平，如果密封板33抵压在第一焊接部W1上，将会导致密封板33在装配过程中晃动，影响密封效果。本实施例通过在密封板33与第一连接部32之间设置间隙，以将密封板33与第一焊接部W1避开，降低密封板33与第一焊接部W1直接接触的风险，减小密封板33在装配过程中的晃动，保证密封效果。
在一些实施例中，第一凹部31的侧壁上设置有台阶面311，密封板33至少一部分容纳于第一凹部31，并且台阶面311用于支撑密封板33。
第一凹部31是外大内小的台阶式凹部。
在装配密封板33时，台阶面311可以支撑密封板33并对密封板33进行定位，从而简化装配工艺，并在密封板33与第一连接部32之间形成间隙。
在一些实施例中，密封板33焊接于第一凹部31的侧壁，以封闭第一凹部31的开口。
在一些实施例中，第一连接部32上设有从第一连接部32的第一外表面322沿面向电极组件10的方向凹陷的凹槽324。
第一连接部32具有沿自身厚度方向相对设置的第一外表面322和第一内表面321，第一内表面321面向电极组件10，第一外表面322背向电极组件10。可选地，第一外表面322和第一内表面321均为平面。凹槽324相对于第一外表面322沿面向电极组件10的方向凹陷。
凹槽324的底面和第一内表面321之间的部分用于与其它部件焊接并形成第一焊接部W1。
本实施例通过在第一连接部32上开设凹槽324，以在第一连接部32上形成台阶结构。第一外表面322和凹槽324的底面之间形成间隙。
在电池单体7的生产过程中，外部设备需要与第一连接部32配合。第一焊接部W1的表面凹凸不平，如果外部设备压合在第一焊接部W1上，外部设备容易被第一焊接部W1压伤。本实施例通过设置凹槽324，以在第一外表面322和凹槽324的底面之间形成间隙，这样，第一外表面322可用于支撑外部设备，以将外部设备与第一焊接部 W1隔开，降低外部设备被压伤的风险。
示例性地，外部设备可为注液设备、抽气设备、焊接设备或其它用于电池单体7的设备。
在一些实施例中，第一连接部32设有用于注入电解液的通孔323。
通孔323可以为一个，也可以为多个。
在电池单体7的成型过程中，通孔323可将壳体20外侧的空间与壳体20的内部空间连通。当需要注液时，注液设备的注液头抵压在第一连接部32上，然后注液头通过通孔323向壳体20内注入电解液。
示例性地，在注液时，注液头抵压在第一外表面322上，第一外表面322可以支撑注液头，并与注液头配合实现密封，降低电解液泄漏到电池单体7外部的风险。
通过在第一电极端子30的第一连接部32上开设用于注入电解液的通孔323，可减小壳体20在注液过程中的变形，简化电池单体7的结构，降低通孔323对壳体20强度的影响。
在一些实施例中，密封板33用于密封通孔323。在与通孔323相关的工艺完成后，将密封板33连接到端子主体34，以降低电解液经由通孔323泄露的风险，提高密封性能。
在一些实施例中，通孔323还可应用于其它工序，例如化成工序。
在电池单体7的化成工序中，壳体20内会产生气体，通孔323也可用于与外部负压设备连通，以抽出壳体20内的气体。
在一些实施例中，端子主体34具有相对设置的第二外表面344和第二内表面345。第二内表面345面向电极组件10，第二外表面344背离电极组件10。第一凹部31从第二外表面344沿面向电极组件10的方向凹陷至第一连接部32的第一外表面322。密封板33的至少部分凸出于端子主体34的第二外表面344。
在一些实施例中，第一连接部32设于端子主体34面向电极组件10的一端，第一连接部32的第一内表面321与第二内表面345齐平设置。
第二内表面345为端子主体34的面向电极组件10的表面。第一连接部32的第一内表面321构成第二内表面345的一部分。这样，端子主体34可以与具有平板结构的集流构件50配合。本实施例只要将集流构件50贴合于第二内表面345，即可实现第一连接部32与集流构件50贴合，以便于实现第一连接部32和集流构件50的焊接。
在一些实施例中，端子主体34包括柱状部341、第一限位部342和第二限位部343，柱状部341至少一部分位于第一电极引出孔221内，第一凹部31设于柱状部341，第一限位部342和第二限位部343均连接并凸出于柱状部341的外侧壁，第一限位部342和第二限位部343分别设于盖体22的外侧和内侧，并用于夹持盖体22的一部分。
第一限位部342设于盖体22的外侧，指的是第一限位部342设于盖体22背离电极组件10的一侧；第二限位部343设于盖体22的内侧，指的是第二限位部343设于盖体22面向电极组件10的一侧。
在盖体22的厚度方向上，第一限位部342的至少部分与盖体22重叠，第二限位部343的至少部分与盖体22重叠。柱状部341从第一电极引出孔221穿过，以连接 分别位于盖体22两侧的第一限位部342和第二限位部343。
第一限位部342和第二限位部343从两侧夹持盖体22的一部分，以将端子主体34固定到盖体22上。第一限位部342和第二限位部343可以直接夹持盖体22，也可以通过其它构件间接地夹持盖体22。
可选地，柱状部341为圆柱状。第一限位部342和第二限位部343均为环绕柱状部341的环形结构。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘构件61的至少部分设于第一限位部342和盖体22之间。示例性地，第一绝缘构件61的至少部分设于第一限位部342和容纳凹部2222的底面之间。第一绝缘构件61能够将第一限位部342与盖体22绝缘隔离。
在一些实施例中，电池单体7还包括第二绝缘构件62，第二绝缘构件62的至少部分设于第二限位部343和盖体22之间。示例性地，第二绝缘构件62的至少部分设于第二限位部343和盖体凸部2223的顶端面之间。
第二绝缘构件62能够将第二限位部343的至少部分与盖体22绝缘隔离。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘构件61和第二绝缘构件62均为环绕柱状部341设置的环形结构。
在一些实施例中，电池单体7还包括密封圈63，密封圈63套设在柱状部341上并用于密封第一电极引出孔221。可选地，密封圈63的一部分延伸到第一电极引出孔221内，以将第一电极引出孔221的孔壁和柱状部341隔开。
图11为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池单体的局部剖视示意图。
如图11所示，在一些实施例中，第一连接部32焊接于第一极耳11，以形成第一焊接部W1。
本申请实施例的电池单体7可以省去集流构件，从而简化电池单体的内部结构，缩短第一电极端子30与第一极耳11之间的导电路径，减小电阻，提升电池单体7的能量密度和过流能力。
图12为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池单体的剖视示意图；图13为图12在方框D处的放大示意图。
如图12和图13所示，在一些实施例中，盖板40通过密封件70与筒体21密封连接。通过在盖板40和筒体21之间设置密封件70，可提高电池单体7的密封性。
示例性地，盖板40和筒体21的连接处可为盖板40和筒体21的共同夹持密封件70的区域。
在一些实施例中，筒体21包括支撑部212和翻边部213，支撑部212和翻边部213沿筒体21的轴向X布置。在筒体21的轴向X上，盖板40的至少部分夹持于支撑部212和翻边部213之间，以实现盖板40的固定。
在一些实施例中，密封件70包覆盖板40的外周。在筒体21的轴向X上，密封件70的一部分夹持于支撑部212和盖板40之间，一部分夹持于翻边部213和盖板40之间，从而实现筒体21的开口211的密封。
在一些实施例中，在将电极组件10放入壳体20内之后，从外侧辊压筒体21，以在筒体21上形成内凸的支撑部212。在支撑部212成型后，将盖板40和包覆在盖板 40上的密封件70放入筒体21内，然后通过翻边工艺弯折筒体21的端部，以使筒体21形成翻边部213。
在一些实施例中，第二极耳12通过转接部件51电连接于筒体21。
在一些实施例中，转接部件51焊接于筒体21的支撑部212，以将筒体21和第二极耳12电连接。
在一些实施例中，密封件70将盖板40和筒体21绝缘隔离。
图14为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；图15为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池单体的俯视示意图；图16为图15沿线E-E作出的剖视示意图。
如图14至图16所示，在一些实施例中，电极组件10还包括第二极耳12，第二极耳12的极性与第一极耳11的极性相反。电池单体7还包括与第二极耳12电连接的第二电极端子90，第二电极端子90用于与电池的第二汇流部件82连接。
第二电极端子90可以设置于盖体22，也可以设置于盖板40。
第二电极端子90可以直接连接于第二极耳12，以实现第二电极端子90与第二极耳12的电连接。示例性地，第二电极端子90可通过粘接、抵接、卡接、焊接或其它方式连接于第二极耳12。
可替代地，第二电极端子90也可通过其它导电构件间接地连接于第二极耳12，以实现第二电极端子90与第二极耳12的电连接。示例性地，导电构件可同时连接于第二极耳12和第二电极端子90，以实现第二电极端子90与第二极耳12的电连接。
用于与电池单体7的第二电极端子90电连接的汇流部件可称之为与该电池单体7对应的第二汇流部件82。第二汇流部件82可通过焊接、粘接或其它方式连接到第二电极端子90，以实现第二汇流部件82和第二电极端子90的电连接。
示例性地，第一汇流部件81连接一个电池单体7的第一电极端子30和另一个电池单体7的第二电极端子90，而第二汇流部件82连接该一个电池单体7的第二电极端子90和再一个电池单体7的第一电极端子30，这样，第一汇流部件81和第二汇流部件82将三个电池单体7串联。
第一电极端子30和第二电极端子90可作为电池单体7的两个输出电极，以实现电池单体7与外部电路的电连接。
第二电极端子90替代盖体22作为输出电极，可以减少盖体22上的焊接应力，降低对壳体20的强度要求。
在一些实施例中，第二电极端子90设置于盖体22。
第一电极端子30和第二电极端子90位于电池单体7的同一端，这样，第一汇流部件81和第二汇流部件82可以装配到电池单体7的同一侧，这样可以简化装配工艺，提高多个电池单体7装配成组的效率。将第二电极端子90设置在远离盖板40的盖体22上，以增大筒体21和盖板40的连接处与第二电极端子90之间的间距，从而在电池单体7受到外部冲击时减小筒体21和盖板40的连接处受到的影响，降低盖板40与壳体20之间的连接失效的风险，减少电解液泄露，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，盖体22上还设有第二电极引出孔。第二电极端子90安装于第二电极引出孔。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子30和第二电极端子90均凸出于盖体22的外表面，以降低盖体22干涉汇流部件的风险，简化汇流部件与电极端子的连接工艺。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子30和第二电极端子90均与盖体22绝缘。
本实施例可以使壳体20不带电，从而降低漏电风险，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，壳体20的基体材质为铝。铝制的壳体20具有较小的重量，这样可以提高电池单体7的能量密度。壳体20不带电，所以铝制的壳体20不易被电解液腐蚀。
在一些实施例中，电极组件10还包括主体部13。第一极耳11和第二极耳12均从主体部13面向盖体22的端部伸出，以减小第一极耳11与第一电极端子30的距离以及第二极耳12与第二电极端子90的距离。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子30包括端子主体34和密封板33。端子主体34包括第一凹部31和第一连接部32，第一连接部32位于第一凹部31面向电极组件10的一侧。密封板33连接于端子主体34并封闭第一凹部31的开口。
在一些可替代的实施例中，可以在盖体22或盖板40上开设用于注液的通孔。对应地，第一连接部32上的通孔可以省去。第一电极端子30的密封板33可以保留，也可以省去。
在一些实施例中，电极组件10还包括第二极耳12，第二极耳12的极性与第一极耳11的极性相反。电池单体7还包括设于盖体22的第二电极端子90，第二电极端子90包括第二凹部91和位于第二凹部91底部的第二连接部92。第二连接部92用于通过第二焊接部W2实现与第二极耳12的电连接。
在一些示例中，第二连接部92可以直接焊接于第二极耳12，以形成第二焊接部W2。例如，第二连接部92的一部分和第二极耳12的一部分熔化并形成熔池，熔池凝固后形成第二焊接部W2。
在另一些可替代地示例中，第二连接部92焊接于与第二极耳12相连的其它部件(例如另一个集流构件52)，以形成第二焊接部W2。例如，第二连接部92的一部分和集流构件52的一部分熔化并形成熔池，熔池凝固后形成第二焊接部W2。
在本申请实施例中，通过在第二电极端子90上开设第二凹部91来减小第二连接部92的厚度，从而减小焊接所需的焊接功率，减少产热，降低其它构件被烧伤的风险，提高安全性。第二焊接部W2可以减小第二电极端子90和第二极耳12之间的电阻，提高过流能力。
在一些实施例中，第二电极端子90可与第一电极端子30采用相同的结构。换言之，第二电极端子90也包括端子主体和密封板。
在一些实施例中，电池单体7可为方形电池单体。示例性地，筒体21可为方筒。
在一些实施例中，盖体22可为长方形，电极组件10呈扁平状。第一电极引出孔和第二电极引出孔可分别靠近盖体22沿自身的长度方向的两端设置。
根据本申请的一些实施例，还提供了一种电池，包括多个以上任一实施例的电池单体。
根据本申请的一些实施例，还提供了一种用电装置，包括以上任一实施例的电池，电池用于为用电装置提供电能。用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池单体的设备或系统。
参照图4至图10，本申请实施例提供了一种圆柱状的电池单体7，电池单体7包括电极组件10、壳体20、第一电极端子30、集流构件50和盖板40。壳体20包括一体形成的筒体21和盖体22，筒体21在背离盖体22的一端具有开口211。电极组件10容纳于壳体20内且包括第一极耳11和第二极耳12。第二极耳12的极性与第一极耳11的极性相反。第一极耳11设于电极组件10面向盖体22的一端，第二极耳12设于电极组件10面向盖板40的一端。
盖板40连接于筒体21并盖合开口。盖体22通过筒体21电连接于第二极耳12。
第一电极端子30包括端子主体34和密封板33，端子主体34包括第一凹部31和位于第一凹部31底部的第一连接部32。集流构件50焊接于第一极耳11和第一连接部32，以将端子主体34与第一极耳11电连接。密封板33的至少部分容纳于第一凹部31并封闭第一凹部31的开口。密封板33焊接于端子主体34。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种电池单体，包括：
    壳体，包括一体形成的筒体和盖体，所述筒体在背离所述盖体的一端具有开口；
    电极组件，容纳于所述壳体内且包括第一极耳；
    第一电极端子，设置于所述盖体并用于与所述第一极耳电连接；以及
    盖板，连接于所述筒体并盖合所述开口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述盖板焊接于所述筒体。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述盖板通过密封件与所述筒体密封连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一电极端子用于与电池的第一汇流部件连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电极组件还包括第二极耳，所述第二极耳的极性与所述第一极耳的极性相反；
    所述电池单体还包括与所述第二极耳电连接的第二电极端子，所述第二电极端子用于与电池的第二汇流部件连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二电极端子设置于所述盖体。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一电极端子和所述第二电极端子均凸出于所述盖体的外表面。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一电极端子和所述第二电极端子均与所述盖体绝缘。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体，其中，所述壳体的基体材质为铝。
  10. 根据权利要求5-9任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电极组件还包括主体部，所述第一极耳和所述第二极耳均从所述主体部面向所述盖体的端部伸出。
  11. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电极组件还包括第二极耳，所述第二极耳的极性与所述第一极耳的极性相反；
    所述盖体电连接于所述第二极耳，且所述盖体用于与电池的第二汇流部件连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一极耳设于所述电极组件面向所述盖体的一端，所述第二极耳设于所述电极组件面向所述盖板的一端；
    所述盖体通过所述筒体电连接于所述第二极耳。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二极耳为负极极耳，所述壳体的基体材质为钢。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述盖体包括本体部和弯折部，所述弯折部一体连接于所述筒体和所述本体部。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池单体，其中，所述本体部的厚度大于所述筒体的壁厚。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的电池单体，其中，所述盖体包括从所述本体部的 外表面沿面向所述电极组件的方向凹陷的容纳凹部；
    所述容纳凹部的底壁设有第一电极引出孔，所述第一电极端子安装于所述第一电极引出孔。
  17. 根据权利要求14-16任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述本体部的厚度D1和所述筒体的壁厚D2满足：0.1毫米≤D1-D2≤2毫米。
  18. 根据权利要求1-17任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一电极端子包括第一凹部和位于所述第一凹部底部的第一连接部；
    所述第一连接部用于通过第一焊接部实现与所述第一极耳的电连接。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一连接部焊接于所述第一极耳，以形成所述第一焊接部。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的电池单体，还包括连接于所述第一极耳的集流构件；
    所述第一连接部焊接于所述集流构件，以形成所述第一焊接部。
  21. 根据权利要求18-20任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一电极端子包括端子主体和密封板，所述端子主体包括所述第一凹部和所述第一连接部，所述第一连接部位于所述第一凹部面向所述电极组件的一侧；
    所述密封板连接于所述端子主体并封闭所述第一凹部的开口。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的电池单体，其中，所述密封板的至少部分容纳于所述第一凹部。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的电池单体，其中，所述密封板凸出于所述端子主体背离所述电极组件的表面。
  24. 根据权利要求21-23任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述密封板与所述第一连接部之间设有间隙。
  25. 根据权利要求18-24任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一连接部设有用于注入电解液的通孔。
  26. 根据权利要求18-25任一项所述的电池单体，其中，
    所述电极组件还包括第二极耳，所述第二极耳的极性与所述第一极耳的极性相反；
    所述电池单体还包括设于所述盖体的第二电极端子，所述第二电极端子包括第二凹部和位于所述第二凹部底部的第二连接部；
    所述第二连接部用于通过第二焊接部实现与所述第二极耳的电连接。
  27. 一种电池，包括多个根据权利要求1-26中任一项所述的电池单体。
  28. 一种用电装置，包括根据权利要求27所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/114022 2021-08-23 2022-08-22 电池单体、电池以及用电装置 WO2023025104A1 (zh)

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