WO2024016158A1 - 电池单体的端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体的端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024016158A1
WO2024016158A1 PCT/CN2022/106462 CN2022106462W WO2024016158A1 WO 2024016158 A1 WO2024016158 A1 WO 2024016158A1 CN 2022106462 W CN2022106462 W CN 2022106462W WO 2024016158 A1 WO2024016158 A1 WO 2024016158A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cap
electrode terminal
recess
battery cell
cap assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/106462
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李全国
叶永煌
刘倩
喻春鹏
孙婧轩
肖得隽
陈佳华
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280060936.6A priority Critical patent/CN117941134A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/106462 priority patent/WO2024016158A1/zh
Publication of WO2024016158A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024016158A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to an end cap assembly of a battery cell, a battery cell, a battery, and a power-consuming device.
  • Battery cells are widely used in electronic devices, such as mobile phones, laptops, battery cars, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, electric tools, etc.
  • the present application provides an end cover assembly of a battery cell, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can improve the energy density of the battery cell.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an end cover assembly of a battery cell, which includes an end cover and a first electrode terminal.
  • a first recess is provided on a side of the end cap away from the electrode assembly of the battery cell.
  • the first electrode terminal is provided on the end cover, and at least part of the first electrode terminal is accommodated in the first recess.
  • the first recess can provide an accommodation space for the first electrode terminal, thereby hiding at least part of the first electrode terminal, reducing the additional space occupied by the first electrode terminal, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell. And reduce the impact of the first electrode terminal on the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the end cap includes a first protrusion protruding from the bottom surface of the first recess, and the first electrode terminal is connected to the first protrusion.
  • the local strength of the end cap can be improved to reduce the deformation of the end cap during use.
  • the first electrode terminal and the first protrusion can share part of the space in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the first recess, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell and reducing the impact of the first electrode terminal on the energy density of the battery cell. .
  • the end cap further includes a second protrusion protruding from the bottom surface of the first recess, and the first recess is located between the first protrusion and the second protrusion.
  • the end cap assembly further includes a second electrode terminal connected to the second protruding portion, and at least a portion of the second electrode terminal is received in the first recessed portion.
  • the first recess can provide an accommodation space for the second electrode terminal, thereby hiding at least part of the second electrode terminal, reducing the additional space occupied by the second electrode terminal, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell. And reduce the impact of the second electrode terminal on the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the first convex part, the second convex part, the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal share part of the space in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the first recessed part, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell.
  • a second concave portion is further provided on the side of the end cap away from the electrode assembly.
  • the first convex portion protrudes from the bottom surface of the second concave portion.
  • the first concave portion and the second concave portion are respectively located on both sides of the first convex portion.
  • the end cap assembly further includes a second electrode terminal connected to the first protrusion, and at least part of the second electrode terminal is received in the second recess.
  • the second recess can provide an accommodation space for the second electrode terminal, thereby hiding at least part of the second electrode terminal, reducing the additional space occupied by the second electrode terminal, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell. And reduce the impact of the second electrode terminal on the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the first recess and the second recess are disposed along the first direction.
  • the size of the first recess along the first direction is L1
  • the size of the end cap along the first direction is L2
  • L1/L2 is 0.1-0.3.
  • the above technical solution limits the value of L1/L2 to 0.1-0.3 to balance the overcurrent capability and insulation of the first electrode terminal.
  • the size of the first convex portion protruding from the bottom surface of the first concave portion is 2 mm-7 mm.
  • the above technical solution limits the value of d1 to 2mm-7mm to balance the strength of the end cap and the energy density of the battery cell.
  • a third recess is provided on a side of the end cap facing the electrode assembly, and the third recess is formed on the end cap at a position corresponding to the first protrusion. A part of the first electrode terminal is accommodated in the third recess.
  • the third recess can be used to accommodate a part of the first electrode terminal, which can increase the internal space of the battery cell, thereby improving the space utilization and energy density of the battery cell.
  • the third recessed portion is formed on the end cap at a position corresponding to the first convex portion, so that the third recessed portion can have a greater depth and ensure the strength of the end cap in the area corresponding to the third recessed portion.
  • the end cap is provided with a through hole extending from a side of the first recess to a side of the third recess.
  • the first electrode terminal passes through the through hole.
  • the through hole allows the first electrode terminal to extend into the first recess after passing through the end cover, thereby reducing the additional space occupied by the first electrode terminal, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell, and Reduce the impact of the first electrode terminal on the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the first concave portion is located on one side of the first convex portion along the first direction.
  • the size of the portion of the first electrode terminal accommodated in the through hole along the second direction is W1
  • the size of the end cap along the second direction is W2
  • the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the thickness direction of the end cap.
  • W1 and W2 satisfy: 0.1 ⁇ W1/W2 ⁇ 0.8.
  • the above technical solution limits the value of W1/W2 to 0.1-0.8, so as to increase the flow area of the first electrode terminal as much as possible and improve the charge and discharge performance of the battery cell while meeting the sealing requirements and fixing requirements. Safety performance.
  • the end cap assembly further includes a first insulating member, the first insulating member is used to insulate and isolate the first electrode terminal from the hole wall of the through hole.
  • the first insulating member can insulate and isolate the first electrode terminal from the hole wall of the through hole, thereby reducing the risk of conduction between the end cap and the first electrode terminal and improving safety.
  • the first insulating member secures the first electrode terminal to the end cap.
  • the first insulating member can achieve insulation and fixation between the end cap and the first electrode terminal at the same time, thereby simplifying the structure of the end cap assembly.
  • At least part of the first insulating member is located between the first electrode terminal and the hole wall of the through hole to seal the through hole.
  • the first insulating member can play the role of insulation and sealing at the same time, thereby simplifying the structure of the end cover assembly.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the first insulating member is provided with a receiving groove, and a part of the end cap is received in the receiving groove.
  • the part of the end cover accommodated in the receiving groove can limit and fix the first insulating member, thereby limiting the relative movement of the first insulating member and the end cover, reducing the risk of the first insulating member detaching from the end cover, and improving safety.
  • the receiving groove surrounds the first electrode terminal.
  • the annular receiving groove can increase the connection area between the first insulating member and the end cover, and improve the connection strength between the first insulating member and the end cover.
  • the depth of the receiving groove is 0.5mm-3mm.
  • the above technical solution limits the depth h of the receiving groove to 0.5mm-3mm to balance the insulation between the end cap and the first electrode terminal and the connection strength between the first insulating member and the end cap.
  • the first electrode terminal is provided with a fuse zone.
  • the first insulating piece covers the fuse zone.
  • the fuse zone can fuse when the large current passes through, thus cutting off the circuit in time, reducing the risk of battery cell fire and explosion, and improving safety.
  • the fuse zone is blown, the first insulating member can wrap the metal remaining after the melting, reducing the risk of the two parts of the first electrode terminal overlapping again after being blown, and improving safety.
  • the first electrode terminal is provided with a plurality of fuse zones, and the plurality of fuse zones are spaced apart.
  • the time for the first electrode terminal to fuse can be shortened when an accident occurs to a battery cell, thus cutting off the circuit immediately, reducing the risk of battery cell fire and explosion, and improving safety.
  • the first electrode terminal is provided with a fuse via hole located between adjacent fuse areas, and the first insulating member includes an insulating post received in the fuse via hole.
  • the overcurrent area of each fuse zone can be reduced, so that the fuse zone can realize the overcurrent protection function.
  • the insulating pillar can separate the two parts of the first electrode terminal after they are fused, so as to reduce the risk of the two parts of the first electrode terminal reconnecting when the battery cell vibrates and improve safety.
  • the end cap assembly further includes an insulating plate at least partially located between the bottom surface of the first recess and the first electrode terminal.
  • the insulating plate can be used to insulate and isolate the bottom surface of the first recessed portion from the first electrode terminal to reduce the risk of the portion of the first electrode terminal accommodated in the first recessed portion coming into contact with the end cap, reduce the possibility of the end cap being electrified, and improve safety. sex.
  • the insulating plate connects the bottom surface of the first recess and the first electrode terminal.
  • the insulating plate can fix the first electrode terminal to the bottom surface of the first recess to improve the stability of the portion of the first electrode terminal accommodated in the first recess and reduce the risk of the portion of the first electrode terminal accommodated in the first recess shaking. , improve safety.
  • the insulating plate connects the first insulating member to improve insulation between the first electrode terminal and the end cap.
  • the end cap assembly further includes a second insulating member, and at least part of the second insulating member is accommodated in the third recess to insulate and isolate the bottom surface of the third recess from the first electrode terminal.
  • the second insulating member can insulate and isolate the bottom surface of the third recessed portion from the portion of the first electrode terminal accommodated in the third recessed portion, so as to lower the first electrode terminal and the end cover when the battery cell is subjected to external impact. Risk of conduction.
  • a third recess and a fourth recess are provided on the side of the end cap facing the electrode assembly.
  • the third recess is formed on the end cap at a position corresponding to the first protrusion.
  • the fourth recess is formed on the end cap. The position corresponding to the second convex part. A part of the first electrode terminal is accommodated in the third recess, and the second electrode terminal passes through the side wall of the second convex part so that a part of the second electrode terminal is accommodated in the fourth recess.
  • the third recessed portion and the fourth recessed portion can increase the internal space of the battery cell, thereby improving the space utilization and energy density of the battery cell.
  • the third recess is formed on the end cap at a position corresponding to the first convex part
  • the fourth recess is formed on the end cap at a position corresponding to the second convex part, so that the third recess and the fourth recess can have greater depth and ensure the strength of the end cap.
  • the end cap assembly further includes a second insulating member, the second insulating member includes a first insulating part and a second insulating part, the first insulating part is accommodated in the third recess and connects the bottom surface of the third recess with the first The electrode terminal is insulated and isolated, and the second insulating part is accommodated in the fourth recess and insulates and isolates the bottom surface of the fourth recess from the second electrode terminal.
  • the first insulating part can insulate and isolate the bottom surface of the third recessed part from the part of the first electrode terminal accommodated in the third recessed part, so as to lower the first electrode terminal and the end cover when the battery cell is subjected to external impact. Risk of conduction.
  • the second insulating part can insulate and isolate the bottom surface of the fourth recessed part from the part of the second electrode terminal accommodated in the fourth recessed part, so as to reduce the risk of conduction between the second electrode terminal and the end cap when the battery cell is subjected to external impact.
  • the second insulating member is integrally formed.
  • the first insulating part and the second insulating part are integrated and can be installed simultaneously on the end cover to simplify the assembly process of the end cover assembly.
  • the portion of the second insulating member received in the third recess includes a plurality of reinforcing ribs.
  • the reinforcing ribs can increase the strength of the first insulating part and reduce the risk of deformation and wear of the first insulating part during assembly.
  • the first recess penetrates the end cap along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the end cap. In the second direction, a portion of the first electrode terminal located outside the end cap extends beyond the end cap.
  • the electrode terminals of the battery cells can be directly connected, thus eliminating the traditional bus components for electrically connecting the electrode terminals, saving the space occupied by the bus components, and reducing assembly process and reduce costs.
  • the first electrode terminal is sheet-shaped.
  • the sheet-shaped first electrode terminal occupies less space and can be hidden in the first recess, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell and reducing the impact of the first electrode terminal on the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the sheet structure can also increase the connection area between the first electrode terminal and other components and improve the overcurrent capability.
  • the thickness direction of the first electrode terminal is parallel to the thickness direction of the end cap. In the thickness direction of the end cover, the first electrode terminal and the end cover share part of the space, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell and reducing the impact of the first electrode terminal on the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the first electrode terminal does not extend beyond the outer end surface of the end cap away from the electrode assembly.
  • the first electrode terminal does not increase the maximum size of the battery cell in the thickness direction, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell and reducing the impact of the first electrode terminal on the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the portion of the first electrode terminal located outside the end cap includes a first portion, a buffer portion, and a second portion connected in sequence, and the buffer portion is used to deform when the first portion and the second portion move relative to each other.
  • the buffer portion can deform to release the stress, thereby reducing the risk of failure of the connection portion between the first electrode terminal and other components.
  • the end cap is provided with a liquid injection hole; in the thickness direction of the end cover, the projection of the liquid injection hole does not overlap with the projection of the first electrode terminal.
  • the first electrode terminal is arranged away from the liquid injection hole to reduce the risk of interference between the first electrode terminal and the liquid injection equipment during the liquid injection process, reduce the obstruction of the electrolyte by the first electrode terminal, and improve the liquid injection efficiency.
  • the end cap assembly further includes a pressure relief mechanism disposed on the end cap; in the thickness direction of the end cap, the projection of the pressure relief mechanism does not overlap with the projection of the first electrode terminal.
  • the staggered arrangement of the pressure relief mechanism and the first electrode terminal can reduce the risk of the first electrode terminal blocking the pressure relief channel, reduce the first electrode terminal's obstruction of high-temperature and high-pressure substances, enable high-temperature and high-pressure substances to be released smoothly, and reduce safety risks.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, including a case, an electrode assembly, and an end cap assembly provided in any embodiment of the first aspect.
  • the housing has an opening.
  • the electrode assembly is accommodated in the housing and includes a first tab.
  • the end cap assembly is used to cover the opening, and the first tab is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a battery including a plurality of battery cells of the second aspect.
  • the end cap assembly further includes a second electrode terminal disposed on the end cap.
  • the plurality of battery cells includes a first battery cell and a second battery cell that are adjacently arranged; in the arrangement direction of the first battery cell and the second battery cell, the first electrode terminal of the first battery cell exceeds The end cap of the first battery cell overlaps and is connected to the first electrode terminal or the second electrode terminal of the second battery cell.
  • the electrode terminals of adjacent battery cells can be directly connected, thus eliminating the traditional bus components used to electrically connect the electrode terminals, saving the space occupied by the bus components, reducing assembly processes, and reducing costs.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device, including the battery cell of the second aspect, and the battery cell is used to provide electric energy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the battery cell shown in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the battery cell shown in Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic bottom view of the end cap assembly shown in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 7;
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 8 at circular frame C;
  • Figure 11 is an enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 8 at circular frame D;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the first insulating member of the end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a side view of the first insulating member shown in Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the first electrode terminal of the end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the first insulating member and the insulating plate shown in Figure 15;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the first electrode terminal shown in Figure 17;
  • Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram of the first electrode terminal of the end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the first electrode terminal of the end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic top view of the end cap assembly shown in Figure 21;
  • Figure 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the end cap assembly shown in Figure 22;
  • Figure 24 is an enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 23 at the circular frame E;
  • Figure 25 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • “Plural” appearing in this application means two or more (including two).
  • parallel includes not only the absolutely parallel situation, but also the roughly parallel situation that is conventionally recognized in engineering; at the same time, the term “perpendicular” includes not only the absolutely vertical situation, but also the roughly parallel situation that is conventionally recognized in engineering. vertical situation.
  • battery cells may include lithium-ion battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells or magnesium-ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode piece, a negative electrode piece and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the positive electrode current collector includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode tab.
  • the positive electrode current collector is coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode tab is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the cathode current collector can be aluminum, and the cathode active material layer includes cathode active materials.
  • the cathode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode piece includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode tab.
  • the negative electrode current collector is coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode tab is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode current collector may be made of copper, and the negative electrode active material layer may include a negative electrode active material.
  • the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the material of the isolator can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • the battery cell usually also includes a casing and an end cap assembly.
  • the casing has an opening, and the end cap assembly is used to cover the opening to enclose an internal cavity for the battery cell.
  • the internal cavity can be used to accommodate electrode components, electrolyte or other components.
  • the end cover assembly includes an end cover and an electrode terminal arranged on the end cover.
  • the end cover is used to cover the opening of the casing.
  • the electrode terminal is used to electrically connect the electrode assembly to the circuit outside the battery cell to realize charging and discharging of the electrode assembly. .
  • the electrode terminals typically protrude to the outside of the end cap.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a solution by forming a recess on the outside of the end cover.
  • the recess can provide a receiving space for the electrode terminal, thereby hiding at least part of the electrode terminal and reducing the additional space occupied by the electrode terminal. This further improves the space utilization of the battery cell and reduces the impact of the electrode terminals on the energy density of the battery cell.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, cell phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • Electric drills Electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • the following embodiments take the electrical device as a vehicle as an example.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery 2 is provided inside the vehicle 1 , and the battery 2 can be provided at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 2 may be used to power the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 2 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 3 and a motor 4.
  • the controller 3 is used to control the battery 2 to provide power to the motor 4, for example, to meet the power requirements for starting, navigation and driving of the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 2 can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1, but also can be used as the driving power source of the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 2 includes a case 5 and a battery cell 6 , and the battery cell 6 is accommodated in the case 5 .
  • the box 5 is used to accommodate the battery cells 6, and the box 5 can be of various structures.
  • the box body 5 may include a first box body part 5a and a second box body part 5b.
  • the first box body part 5a and the second box body part 5b cover each other.
  • the first box body part 5a and the second box body part 5b cover each other.
  • the two box portions 5b jointly define an accommodating space 5c for accommodating the battery cells 6.
  • the second box part 5b can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first box part 5a is a plate-like structure.
  • the first box part 5a is covered with the open side of the second box part 5b to form a receiving space 5c.
  • the box body 5; the first box body part 5a and the second box body part 5b can also be a hollow structure with one side open, and the opening side of the first box body part 5a is covered with the opening side of the second box body part 5b , to form a box 5 having an accommodation space 5c.
  • the first box part 5a and the second box part 5b can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • a sealing member may also be provided between the first box part 5a and the second box part 5b, such as sealant, sealing ring, etc. .
  • the first box part 5a can also be called an upper box cover, and the second box part 5b can also be called a lower box.
  • the battery 2 there may be one battery cell 6 or a plurality of battery cells 6 . If there are multiple battery cells 6 , the multiple battery cells 6 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 6 are connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells 6 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of multiple battery cells 6 can be accommodated in the box 5; of course, multiple battery cells 6 can also be connected in series first. They are connected in parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 5 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structural view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 6 , which includes an electrode assembly 20 , a case 30 and an end cap assembly 10 .
  • the housing 30 has an opening 31 , the electrode assembly 20 is accommodated in the housing 30 , and the end cap assembly 10 is used to cover the opening 31 .
  • the housing 30 has a hollow structure.
  • the shape of the housing 30 can be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 20 . For example, if the electrode assembly 20 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a rectangular parallelepiped shell can be used; if the electrode assembly 20 has a cylindrical structure, a cylindrical shell can be used.
  • the housing 30 can be made of various materials.
  • the housing 30 can be made of metal or plastic.
  • the material of the housing 30 may be copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • one end of the housing 30 is provided with an opening, and the end cover assembly 10 is one and covers the opening.
  • both opposite ends of the housing 30 have openings, and there are two end cover assemblies 10 .
  • the two end cover assemblies 10 cover the openings at both ends of the housing 30 respectively.
  • the end cap assembly 10 includes an end cap 11 and a first electrode terminal 12 and a second electrode terminal 13 disposed on the end cap 11 .
  • the shape of the end cap 11 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 30 to fit the housing 30 .
  • the end cap 11 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). In this way, the end cap 11 is less likely to deform when subjected to extrusion and collision, so that the battery cell 6 can have higher durability. Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved.
  • the end cap 11 and the housing 30 enclose and form a receiving cavity for accommodating the electrode assembly 20 and the electrolyte.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 and the second electrode terminal 13 have opposite polarities. For example, if the first electrode terminal 12 is a positive terminal, the second electrode terminal 13 is a negative terminal; if the first electrode terminal 12 is a negative terminal, the second electrode terminal 13 is a positive terminal.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 and the second electrode terminal 13 are used to electrically connect the electrode assembly 20 to the circuit outside the battery cell 6 to realize charging and discharging of the electrode assembly 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 20 includes a positive electrode piece and a negative electrode piece.
  • the electrode assembly 20 generates electrical energy through oxidation and reduction reactions during the insertion/extraction of ions in the positive electrode piece and the negative electrode piece.
  • the electrode assembly 20 further includes an isolation film, which is used to insulate and isolate the positive electrode piece and the negative electrode piece.
  • the electrode assembly 20 may be a wound electrode assembly, a laminated electrode assembly, or other types of electrode assemblies.
  • the electrode assembly 20 may be formed by winding a positive electrode piece, a separation film, and a negative electrode piece.
  • the electrode assembly 20 includes a main body 23 and tabs extended from the main body 23 .
  • the main body part 23 may include a portion of the positive electrode plate coated with the active material layer, a portion of the negative electrode plate coated with the active material layer, and a separation film.
  • the active material in the active material layer is used to react electrochemically with the electrolyte to produce a charge and discharge process.
  • the plurality of tabs include first tabs 21 and second tabs 22 with opposite polarities.
  • the first tabs 21 and the second tabs 22 can be led out from the same end of the main body 23 , or they can be respectively led out from the main body 23 . Lead out from opposite ends.
  • the first tab 21 is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal 12
  • the second tab 22 is electrically connected to the second electrode terminal 13 .
  • the first tab 21 can be directly connected to the first electrode terminal 12 to achieve electrical connection between the first tab 21 and the first electrode terminal 12; the first tab 21 can also be indirectly connected to the first tab 21 through other conductive components.
  • An electrode terminal 12 is used to realize the electrical connection between the first tab 21 and the first electrode terminal 12 .
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the battery cell shown in Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structural view of the end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the end cap assembly 10 of the embodiment of the present application includes an end cap 11 and a first electrode terminal 12 .
  • a first recess 111 is provided on the side of the end cap 11 away from the electrode assembly 20 of the battery cell 6 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 is provided on the end cover 11 , and at least part of the first electrode terminal 12 is accommodated in the first recess 111 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 may be entirely accommodated in the first recess 111 , or may be only partially accommodated in the first recess 111 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 may be disposed on the side 111a of the first recess 111, the bottom surface 111b of the first recess 111, or other locations on the end cover 11. This is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 may be insulated from the end cap 11 , or may be electrically connected to the end cap 11 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 may be the positive terminal of the battery cell 6 or the negative terminal of the battery cell 6 .
  • the end cap 11 has an outer end surface 11a.
  • the outer end surface 11 a is the surface of the end cap 11 farthest from the main body 23 of the electrode assembly 20 ; in other words, in the thickness direction Z, the maximum distance between the outer end surface 11 a and the main body 23 It is greater than or equal to the maximum distance between other surfaces of the end cap 11 and the main body part 23 .
  • the first recess 111 is recessed relative to the outer end surface 11 a of the end cap 11 .
  • the shape of the first recess 111 there is no particular limitation on the shape of the first recess 111 .
  • the outer periphery of the first recess 111 may be in a semi-closed state or a closed state.
  • the first recess 111 may extend to one or more edges of the end cap 11 to open a portion of the outer circumference of the first recess 111 .
  • the outer periphery of the first recessed portion 111 is surrounded by the solid part of the end cover 11 , and the outer periphery of the first recessed portion 111 is in a closed state.
  • the first recess 111 can provide accommodating space for the first electrode terminal 12, thereby hiding at least part of the first electrode terminal 12, reducing the additional space occupied by the first electrode terminal 12, thereby increasing the battery cell capacity. This improves the space utilization of the body 6 and reduces the impact of the first electrode terminal 12 on the energy density of the battery cell 6 .
  • the end cap 11 includes a first protrusion 112 protruding from the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 , and the first electrode terminal 12 is connected to the first protrusion 112 .
  • the local strength of the end cap 11 can be improved to reduce the deformation of the end cap 11 during use.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 and the first protrusion 112 may share part of the space in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 , thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell 6 and reducing the impact of the first electrode terminal 12 on the battery cell. Effect of energy density of body 6.
  • the first protrusion 112 may be used to define the first recess 111 .
  • the outer end surface 11 a of the end cap 11 includes a top end surface 112 a of the first protrusion 112 , and the first recess 111 is recessed from the top end surface 112 a of the first protrusion 112 in a direction approaching the electrode assembly 20 .
  • the bottom surface 111b of the first recess 111 is flat.
  • the bottom surface 111b of the first recess 111 is perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the end cap 11 .
  • the end cap assembly 10 further includes a second electrode terminal 13 having a polarity opposite to the polarity of the first electrode terminal 12 .
  • the second electrode terminal 13 may be connected to the first protrusion 112 or other parts of the end cover 11 .
  • the second electrode terminal 13 may be accommodated in the first recess 111; alternatively, the second electrode terminal 13 may be completely located outside the first recess 111.
  • the end cap 11 further includes a second protrusion 113 protruding from the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 , and the first recess 111 is located between the first protrusion 112 and the second protrusion 113 .
  • the end cap assembly 10 further includes a second electrode terminal 13 connected to the second protrusion 113 , and at least part of the second electrode terminal 13 is received in the first recess 111 .
  • the first recess 111 can provide an accommodation space for the second electrode terminal 13, thereby hiding at least part of the second electrode terminal 13, reducing the additional space occupied by the second electrode terminal 13, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell 6. And reduce the influence of the second electrode terminal 13 on the energy density of the battery cell 6 .
  • the first convex part 112 , the second convex part 113 , the first electrode terminal 12 and the second electrode terminal 13 share part of the space in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface 111 b of the first recessed part 111 , thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell 6 Rate.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 is connected to the first protruding part 112, and the second electrode terminal 13 is connected to the second protruding part 113. This can increase the distance between the first electrode terminal 12 and the second electrode terminal 13 and reduce the Risk of continuity between terminal 12 and second electrode terminal 13.
  • the first protrusion 112 and the second protrusion 113 can increase the local strength of the end cap 11 to reduce the deformation of the end cap 11 during use.
  • first protrusion 112 and the second protrusion 113 together define a first recess 111 .
  • the size of the first convex part 112 protruding from the bottom surface 111b of the first recessed part 111 is greater than the size of the second convex part 113 protruding from the bottom surface 111b of the first recessed part 111; at this time,
  • the outer end surface 11a may be the top end surface 112a of the first protrusion 112.
  • the size of the first convex part 112 protruding from the bottom surface 111b of the first recessed part 111 is smaller than the size of the second convex part 113 protruding from the bottom surface 111b of the first recessed part 111; in this case , the outer end surface 11a may be the top end surface 113a of the second convex part 113.
  • the size of the first protrusion 112 protruding from the bottom surface 111b of the first recess 111 is equal to the size of the second protrusion 113 protruding from the bottom surface 111b of the first recess 111; at this time, the outer end surface 11a may include The top end surface 112a of the first convex part 112 and the top end surface 113a of the second convex part 113.
  • the first protrusions 112 and the second protrusions 113 are spaced apart along a first direction X, and the first direction X is perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the end cap 11 .
  • the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 accommodated in the first recess 111 and the portion of the second electrode terminal 13 accommodated in the first recess 111 are opposite and spaced apart along the first direction X.
  • the end cap 11 is provided with a liquid injection hole 114 .
  • the projection of the liquid injection hole 114 does not overlap with the projection of the first electrode terminal 12 .
  • the liquid injection hole 114 penetrates the end cover 11 to connect the spaces on both sides of the end cover 11 .
  • the liquid injection hole 114 can be used for injecting electrolyte. Specifically, during the production process of the battery cell 6 , the electrolyte can be injected into the interior of the casing 30 through the injection hole 114 .
  • the liquid injection hole 114 can also be used in other production processes of the battery cell 6 .
  • the generated gas inside the battery cell 6 can be extracted through the liquid injection hole 114 .
  • a sealing sheet (not shown) can be provided on the end cover 11 to seal the liquid injection hole 114 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 avoids the liquid injection hole 114, so as to reduce the risk of interference between the first electrode terminal 12 and the liquid injection equipment during the liquid injection process and reduce the obstruction of the electrolyte by the first electrode terminal 12. , improve injection efficiency.
  • the projection of the liquid injection hole 114 does not overlap with the projection of the second electrode terminal 13 .
  • the battery cell 6 further includes a pressure relief mechanism 14 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 may be an element or component that is activated when the battery cell 6 reaches certain conditions.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 may be an element or component that is activated to relieve the internal pressure and/or internal contents when the internal pressure or internal temperature of the battery cell 6 reaches a predetermined threshold.
  • This threshold design varies based on design requirements. The threshold may depend on one or more materials of the positive electrode piece, the negative electrode piece, the electrolyte and the separator in the battery cell 6 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 may take the form of an explosion-proof valve, an air valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, etc., and may specifically adopt a pressure-sensitive element or structure. That is, when the internal pressure of the battery cell 6 reaches a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism 14 The mechanism 14 acts or the weak area provided in the pressure relief mechanism 14 ruptures, thereby forming an opening or channel for the internal pressure to be released.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 may also adopt a temperature-sensitive element or structure, that is, when the internal temperature of the battery cell 6 reaches a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism 14 performs an action, thereby forming an opening or channel for internal pressure relief. .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 may also be a component that can be actively actuated. For example, the pressure relief mechanism 14 may be actuated when receiving a control signal from the battery.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 has an important impact on the safety of the battery cell 6 . For example, when short circuit, overcharge, etc. occur, thermal runaway may occur inside the battery cell 6 and the pressure may rise suddenly. In this case, the internal pressure can be released outward by actuating the pressure relief mechanism 14 to prevent the battery cell 6 from exploding or catching fire.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 can be provided on the end cover 11 or on the housing 30 , which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the end cap assembly 10 further includes a pressure relief mechanism 14 provided on the end cap 11 .
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 14 does not overlap with the projection of the first electrode terminal 12 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 and the end cover 11 can be two independently formed parts, and the two are fixedly connected by welding, bonding or other means. Alternatively, the pressure relief mechanism 14 and the end cover 11 may also be integrally formed.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 and the first electrode terminal 12 are staggered, which can reduce the risk of the first electrode terminal 12 blocking the pressure relief channel, reduce the obstruction of the first electrode terminal 12 to high-temperature and high-pressure substances, and enable high-temperature and high-pressure substances to flow smoothly Release to reduce safety risks.
  • the embodiments of the present application can also reduce the risk of the first electrode terminal 12 being melted by high-temperature and high-pressure substances.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 is provided on the housing 30 .
  • the embodiment of the present application can increase the distance between the pressure relief mechanism 14 and the first electrode terminal 12, thereby reducing the risk of other components connected to the first electrode terminal 12 being burned by high temperature and high pressure substances when the pressure relief mechanism 14 is activated.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 and the housing 30 can be two independently formed parts, and the two are fixedly connected by welding, bonding or other methods. Alternatively, the pressure relief mechanism 14 and the housing 30 may be integrally formed.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 is directly connected to the first tab 21 , thus eliminating the need for a conductive member for connecting the first electrode terminal 12 and the first tab 21 , thereby reducing the need for molding of the battery cell 6
  • the process reduces the parts of the battery cell 6 and increases the energy density of the battery cell 6 .
  • the first tab 21 is welded to the first tab 21 through ultrasonic welding, fusion welding or other methods.
  • the second electrode terminal 13 is directly connected to the second tab 22 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 does not exceed the outer end surface 11 a of the end cap 11 away from the electrode assembly 20 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 does not increase the maximum size of the battery cell 6 in the thickness direction Z, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell 6 and reducing the impact of the first electrode terminal 12 on the battery cell. 6 Effect of energy density.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic bottom view of the end cap assembly shown in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 8;
  • Figure 11 is the enlarged schematic diagram at the circular frame D of Figure 8.
  • the dimension d1 of the first protrusion 112 protruding from the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 is 2 mm to 7 mm.
  • d1 is 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm or 7mm.
  • the size d1 of the first protrusion 112 protruding from the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 is equal to the second protrusion 113 protruding from the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 size of.
  • a third recess 115 is provided on the side of the end cap 11 facing the electrode assembly 20 .
  • the third recess 115 is formed on the end cap 11 at a position corresponding to the first protrusion 112 .
  • a part of the first electrode terminal 12 is accommodated in the third recess 115 .
  • the third recess 115 can be used to accommodate a part of the first electrode terminal 12 and also increase the internal space of the battery cell 6 , thereby improving the space utilization and energy density of the battery cell 6 .
  • the third recess 115 is formed on the end cover 11 at a position corresponding to the first protrusion 112 , which allows the third recess 115 to have a greater depth and ensures the strength of the end cover 11 in the area corresponding to the third recess 115 .
  • the first tab 21 is received in the third recess 115 .
  • the third recess 115 can provide an accommodation space for the first tab 21 to improve the utilization of the internal space of the battery cell 6 .
  • the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 located inside the end cap 11 is completely accommodated in the third recess 115 .
  • the end cap 11 is provided with a through hole 116 extending from the side 111 a of the first recess 111 to the side 115 a of the third recess 115 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 passes through the through hole 116 .
  • the through hole 116 may be a round hole, a square hole, a waist hole, or a hole in other shapes.
  • the through hole 116 forms openings on both the side surface 111 a of the first recessed portion 111 and the side surface 115 a of the third recessed portion 115 .
  • a wall with a certain thickness is formed between the side surface 111a of the first recessed part 111 and the side surface 115a of the third recessed part 115. This wall may be called a side wall of the first protruding part 112.
  • the through hole 116 penetrates the side wall of the first protrusion 112 .
  • the through hole 116 communicates with the spaces on both sides of the end cover 11 .
  • the space inside the end cover 11 refers to the space inside the battery cell 6 , that is, the accommodation space formed by the end cover 11 and the housing 30 for accommodating the electrolyte and the electrode assembly 20 .
  • the space outside the end cover 11 refers to the space outside the battery cell 6 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 can extend into the first recess 111 after passing through the end cover 11 , thereby reducing the additional space occupied by the first electrode terminal 12 and thereby increasing the space of the battery cell 6 utilization rate, and reduce the impact of the first electrode terminal 12 on the energy density of the battery cell 6 .
  • the first concave portion 111 is located on one side of the first convex portion 112 along the first direction X.
  • the size of the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 accommodated in the through hole 116 along the second direction Y is W1.
  • the size of the end cap 11 along the second direction Y is W2.
  • the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X and the end cap 11. Thickness direction Z.
  • W1 and W2 satisfy: 0.1 ⁇ W1/W2 ⁇ 0.8.
  • the inventor has limited the value of W1/W2 to 0.1-0.8 after research and testing, so as to increase the flow area of the electrode terminal as much as possible and improve the battery cell while meeting the sealing requirements and fixing requirements. 6 charge and discharge performance and safety performance.
  • the value of W1/W2 is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7 or 0.8.
  • the depth d2 of the third recess 115 is 2 mm-7 mm.
  • the larger d2 is and the larger d1 is, the larger the space occupied by the first protrusion 112 in the thickness direction Z is, and the lower the energy density of the battery cell 6 is.
  • the smaller d2 is, the smaller the size of the through hole 116 in the thickness direction Z is, the more difficult it is to install the first electrode terminal 12 to the end cover 11 , and the worse the overcurrent capability of the first electrode terminal 12 is.
  • the inventor limits the value of d2 to 2mm-7mm to balance the energy density of the battery cell 6 and the overcurrent performance of the first electrode terminal 12.
  • d2 is 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm or 7mm.
  • d1 is equal to d2.
  • a fourth recess 117 is also provided on the side of the end cap 11 facing the electrode assembly 20 .
  • the fourth recess 117 is formed on the end cap 11 at a position corresponding to the second protrusion 113 .
  • the second electrode terminal 13 passes through the side wall 1131 of the second protrusion 113 so that a part of the second electrode terminal 13 is received in the fourth recess 117 .
  • the side wall 1131 of the second convex part 113 is the part of the second convex part 113 located between the side surface 117a of the fourth recessed part 117 and the side surface 111a of the first recessed part 111.
  • At least part of the second tab 22 is received within the fourth recess 117 .
  • the depth of the fourth recess 117 is equal to the depth d2 of the third recess 115 .
  • the liquid injection hole 114 may be disposed on the top wall of the first protrusion 112 .
  • the top wall of the first protrusion 112 may be a portion of the first protrusion 112 located between the top surface 112a of the first protrusion 112 and the bottom surface 115b of the third recess 115.
  • the liquid injection hole 114 does not overlap with the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 accommodated in the third recess 115 , so as to reduce the number of the first electrode terminal 12 during the liquid injection process. Blocking of electrolyte.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 is provided on the bottom wall of the first recess 111 .
  • the bottom wall of the first recess 111 is a wall of the end cap 11 corresponding to the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 and having a certain thickness.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 14 and the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 accommodated in the first recess 111 do not overlap, and the pressure relief mechanism 14 and the portion of the second electrode terminal 13 accommodated in the first recess are not overlapped.
  • the parts of 111 do not overlap.
  • first electrode terminal 12 is sheet-shaped.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 has a sheet-like structure with a certain thickness.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 may be a sheet-like structure with a constant thickness, or may be a sheet-like structure with variable thickness.
  • the sheet-shaped first electrode terminal 12 occupies less space and can be hidden in the first recess 111 , thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell 6 and reducing the energy density of the first electrode terminal 12 to the battery cell 6 Impact.
  • the sheet structure can also increase the connection area between the first electrode terminal 12 and other components and improve the overcurrent capability.
  • the thickness direction Z of the first electrode terminal 12 is parallel to the thickness direction Z of the end cap 11 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 and the end cover 11 share part of the space, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell 6 and reducing the impact of the first electrode terminal 12 on the energy density of the battery cell 6. Influence.
  • the end cap assembly 10 further includes a first insulating member 15 , which is used to insulate and isolate the first electrode terminal 12 from the hole wall of the through hole 116 .
  • the first insulator 15 can insulate and isolate the first electrode terminal 12 from the hole wall of the through hole 116 to reduce the risk of conduction between the end cap 11 and the first electrode terminal 12 and improve safety.
  • At least part of the first insulating member 15 may be filled between the hole wall surface of the through hole 116 and the first electrode terminal 12 to insulate and isolate the first electrode terminal 12 from the hole wall surface of the through hole 116 .
  • the material of the first insulating member 15 may be plastic, ceramic or other insulating materials.
  • the first insulator 15 secures the first electrode terminal 12 to the end cap 11 .
  • the first insulating member 15 can be connected to the end cover 11 and the first electrode terminal 12 by bonding, snapping or other means to achieve fixation of the first electrode terminal 12 and the end cover 11 .
  • the first insulating member 15 is bonded to the end cover 11 and the first electrode terminal 12 to achieve the fixation of the first electrode terminal 12 and the end cover 11 .
  • the first insulating member 15 can achieve insulation and fixation between the end cap 11 and the first electrode terminal 12 at the same time, thereby simplifying the structure of the end cap assembly 10 .
  • At least part of the first insulating member 15 is located between the first electrode terminal 12 and the hole wall surface of the through hole 116 to seal the through hole 116 .
  • the first insulating member 15 is against the hole wall surface of the through hole 116 to form a sealing interface between the first insulating member 15 and the hole wall surface to achieve sealing of the through hole 116 .
  • the first insulating member 15 can play the role of insulation and sealing at the same time, thereby simplifying the structure of the end cover assembly 10 .
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the first insulating member of the end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 13 is a side view of the first insulating member shown in Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is an end cover provided by some embodiments of the present application Schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode terminal of the assembly.
  • the outer peripheral surface 151 of the first insulating member 15 is provided with a receiving groove 152 , and a part of the end cap 11 is received in the receiving groove 152 .
  • receiving groove 152 There may be one receiving groove 152 or multiple receiving grooves 152 .
  • there may be a plurality of receiving grooves 152 and the plurality of receiving grooves 152 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first insulating member 15 .
  • the end cap 11 can fill the receiving groove 152 or only fill a part of the receiving groove 152 .
  • the portion of the end cover 11 accommodated in the accommodating groove 152 can limit and fix the first insulating member 15 , thereby limiting the relative movement of the first insulating member 15 and the end cover 11 and reducing the risk of the first insulating member 15 detaching from the end cover 11 . risks and improve safety.
  • the bottom surface of the receiving groove 152 offsets the wall surface of the through hole 116 to achieve sealing of the through hole 116 .
  • the bottom surface of the receiving groove 152 is bonded to the wall surface of the through hole 116 .
  • the side surfaces of the receiving groove 152 are bonded to the end cover 11 to improve the connection strength between the first insulating member 15 and the end cover 11 .
  • the receiving groove 152 surrounds the first electrode terminal 12 .
  • the annular receiving groove 152 can increase the connection area between the first insulating member 15 and the end cover 11 and improve the connection strength between the first insulating member 15 and the end cover 11 .
  • the depth h of the receiving groove 152 is 0.5mm-3mm.
  • the inventor limited the depth h of the receiving groove 152 to 0.5mm-3mm to balance the insulation between the end cap 11 and the first electrode terminal 12 and the connection between the first insulating member 15 and the end cap 11 strength.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 is provided with a fuse zone 121 .
  • the first insulating member 15 covers the fuse area 121 .
  • holes, grooves, notches or other structures can be opened on the first electrode terminal 12 to reduce the local area of the first electrode terminal 12, thereby forming a fuse area 121 with a smaller flow area.
  • material processing may also be performed on a part of the first electrode terminal 12 to form a fuse zone 121 with a protective function on the first electrode terminal 12 .
  • the fuse zone 121 can fuse when the large current passes through, thereby cutting off the circuit in time, reducing the risk of fire and explosion of the battery cell, and improving safety.
  • the first insulating member 15 can wrap the metal remaining after the fusion, thereby reducing the risk of the two parts of the first electrode terminal 12 overlapping again after being fused, and improving safety.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 is provided with a plurality of fuse zones 121, and the plurality of fuse zones 121 are spaced apart.
  • the time for the first electrode terminal 12 to fuse can be shortened, thereby cutting off the circuit immediately, reducing the risk of fire and explosion of the battery cell, and improving safety.
  • each fuse zone 121 in the arrangement direction of the plurality of fuse zones 121, the size of each fuse zone 121 is 2 mm-10 mm.
  • the plurality of fuse areas 121 are spaced apart along the second direction Y.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 is provided with a fuse through hole 124 located between adjacent fuse areas 121 , and the first insulating member 15 includes an insulating post 153 received in the fuse through hole 124 .
  • fuse vias 124 There may be one or more fuse vias 124 , and correspondingly, there may be one or more insulating pillars 153 .
  • fuse vias 124 there are two fuse vias 124 and two insulating posts 153 .
  • the overcurrent area of each fuse zone 121 can be reduced, so that the fuse zone 121 can realize the overcurrent protection function.
  • the insulating pillar 153 can separate the two parts of the first electrode terminal 12 after it is fused, so as to reduce the risk of the two parts of the first electrode terminal 12 reconnecting when the battery cell 6 vibrates, and improve safety.
  • the first insulating member 15 may be formed by integral injection molding.
  • the end cap 11 and the first electrode terminal 12 can be fixed to the clamp first, and then insulating material is filled between the first electrode terminal 12 and the end cap 11 . The insulating material is cured to form the first insulating member 15 .
  • a third recess 115 and a fourth recess 117 are provided on the side of the end cap 11 facing the electrode assembly 20 .
  • the third recess 115 is formed at a position corresponding to the first protrusion 112 of the end cap 11 .
  • Four recessed portions 117 are formed on the end cover 11 at positions corresponding to the second protruding portions 113 .
  • a part of the first electrode terminal 12 is accommodated in the third recess 115 , and the second electrode terminal 13 passes through the side wall 1131 of the second convex part 113 so that a part of the second electrode terminal 13 is accommodated in the fourth recess 117 .
  • the third recess 115 and the fourth recess 117 can increase the internal space of the battery cell 6 , thereby improving the space utilization and energy density of the battery cell 6 .
  • the third recess 115 is formed on the end cover 11 at a position corresponding to the first protrusion 112
  • the fourth recess 117 is formed on the end cap 11 at a position corresponding to the second protrusion 113 , so that the third recess 115 and The fourth recess 117 has a greater depth and ensures the strength of the end cap 11 .
  • the second electrode terminal 13 is also fixed to the second protrusion 113 through an insulator.
  • the insulating member used to fix the second electrode terminal 13 may adopt the same structure as the first insulating member 15.
  • the end cap assembly 10 further includes a second insulating member 16 .
  • the second insulating member 16 includes a first insulating part 161 and a second insulating part 162 .
  • the first insulating part 161 is accommodated in the third recess 115 and disposes the second insulating part 162 .
  • the bottom surface 115 b of the three recessed portions 115 is insulated from the first electrode terminal 12 .
  • the second insulating portion 162 is accommodated in the fourth recessed portion 117 and insulates the bottom surface 117 b of the fourth recessed portion 117 from the second electrode terminal 13 .
  • the first insulating portion 161 can insulate and isolate the bottom surface 115b of the third recess 115 from the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 accommodated in the third recess 115, so as to reduce the distance between the first electrode terminal 12 and the first electrode terminal 12 when the battery cell 6 is subjected to an external impact. Risk of conduction of end cap 11.
  • the second insulating part 162 can insulate and isolate the bottom surface 117b of the fourth recessed part 117 from the part of the second electrode terminal 13 accommodated in the fourth recessed part 117, so as to reduce the contact between the second electrode terminal 13 and the second electrode terminal 13 when the battery cell 6 is subjected to an external impact. Risk of conduction of end cap 11.
  • the first insulating portion 161 is attached to the bottom surface 115b of the third recess 115 .
  • the first insulating part 161 is bonded to the bottom surface 115b of the third recessed part 115.
  • the second insulating portion 162 is attached to the bottom surface 117b of the fourth recess 117 .
  • the second insulating part 162 is bonded to the bottom surface 117b of the fourth recessed part 117.
  • the first insulating portion 161 also covers at least part of the side 115 a of the third recess 115 to reduce the risk of the end cap 11 being conductive with other components within the battery cell 6 .
  • the second insulating member 16 is formed in one piece.
  • the first insulating part 161 and the second insulating part 162 are integrated and can be installed simultaneously on the end cover 11 to simplify the assembly process of the end cover assembly 10 .
  • the second insulating member 16 further includes a third insulating part 163 .
  • the third insulating part 163 is provided on the side of the end cover 11 facing the electrode assembly 20 and connects the first insulating part 161 and the second insulating part 162 .
  • the first insulating part 161, the second insulating part 162 and the third insulating part 163 are integrally formed.
  • the first insulating part 161 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 1611 .
  • the reinforcing ribs 1611 can increase the strength of the first insulating part 161 and reduce the risk of deformation and wear of the first insulating part 161 during assembly.
  • the reinforcing rib 1611 is provided on a side of the first insulating portion 161 facing away from the bottom surface 115b of the third recess 115 .
  • the first tab 21 usually presses the first electrode terminal 12 to ensure that the first tab 21 and the first electrode terminal 12 are in close contact and reduce the risk of false welding.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 may be bent toward the bottom surface 115b of the third recess 115 when pressed.
  • the reinforcing ribs 1611 can support the first electrode terminal 12 to reduce the bending deformation of the first electrode terminal 12 and ensure stable contact between the first electrode terminal 12 and the first tab 21 .
  • the plurality of reinforcing ribs 1611 of the first insulating part 161 are arranged in parallel or crosswise.
  • a plurality of reinforcing ribs is also provided on the side of the second insulating portion 162 away from the bottom surface 117b of the fourth recessed portion 117 .
  • the third insulating part 163 is a flat plate structure.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the first insulating member and the insulating plate shown in FIG. 15 .
  • the end cap assembly 10 further includes an insulating plate 17 , at least partially located between the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 and the first electrode terminal 12 .
  • the insulating plate 17 may be entirely located between the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 and the first electrode terminal 12 , or may be only partially located between the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 and the first electrode terminal 12 .
  • the insulating plate 17 can be used to insulate and isolate the bottom surface 111b of the first recess 111 from the first electrode terminal 12 to reduce the risk of the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 accommodated in the first recess 111 coming into contact with the end cap 11 and reduce the risk of the end cap 11 11 Possibility of charging to improve safety.
  • the insulating plate 17 connects the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 and the first electrode terminal 12 .
  • the surface of the insulating plate 17 facing the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 is bonded to the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111
  • the surface of the insulating plate 17 facing the first electrode terminal 12 is bonded to the first electrode terminal 12 .
  • the insulating plate 17 can fix the first electrode terminal 12 to the bottom surface 111b of the first recess 111 to improve the stability of the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 accommodated in the first recess 111 and reduce the stability of the first electrode terminal 12 accommodated in the first recess 111 .
  • a recessed portion 111 eliminates the risk of shaking, improving safety.
  • the insulating plate 17 connects the first insulating member 15 to improve the insulation between the first electrode terminal 12 and the end cap 11 .
  • the insulating plate 17 and the first insulating member 15 are integrally formed.
  • the insulating plate 17 and the first insulating member 15 are integrally injection molded.
  • the insulating plate 17 is connected to the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 , the first electrode terminal 12 and the first insulating member 15 .
  • an insulating plate is also provided between the bottom surface 111 b of the first recess 111 and the second electrode terminal 13 .
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the first electrode terminal shown in FIG. 17 .
  • the first recess 111 penetrates the end cap 11 along the second direction Y, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the end cap 11 .
  • the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 located outside the end cap 11 extends beyond the end cap 11 .
  • the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 located inside the end cover 11 refers to the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 located in the accommodation space enclosed by the end cover 11 and the housing 30 .
  • the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 located outside the end cover 11 refers to the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 exposed to the external space of the battery cell 6 .
  • the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 of one battery cell 6 beyond the end cover 11 may be directly connected to the first electrode terminal 12 of the other battery cell 6 or
  • the second electrode terminal 13 is used to realize the series or parallel connection of the two battery cells 6 .
  • the electrode terminals of the battery cells 6 can be directly connected, thus eliminating the traditional bus components for electrically connecting the electrode terminals, saving the space occupied by the bus components, reducing the assembly process, and reducing the cost. cost.
  • the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 located outside the end cap 11 exceeds the end cap 11 by at least 10 mm, so that the connection area between the electrode terminals of adjacent battery cells 6 satisfies Require.
  • first electrode terminal 12 is generally L-shaped.
  • the portion of the second electrode terminal 13 located outside the end cap 11 also extends beyond the end cap 11.
  • the end cap 11 has two edges oppositely arranged along the second direction Y.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 extends toward and beyond one edge, and the second electrode terminal 13 extends toward and beyond the other edge.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 includes a tab connection portion 122, a fuse zone 121 and an outer connection portion 123. At least part of the tab connection portion 122 is located inside the end cover 11 and is used to connect with the first tab 21, At least part of the outer connection portion 123 is located outside the end cover 11 and is used to connect to other conductive structures.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram of the first electrode terminal of the end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 located outside the end cap includes a first portion 123a, a buffer portion 123b and a second portion 123c connected in sequence, and the buffer portion 123b is used to connect the first portion 123a to the first portion 123a. It deforms when moving relative to the second part 123c.
  • one of the first part 123a and the second part 123c may be used to connect the part of the first electrode terminal 12 located inside the end cover, and the other part may be used to connect to the electrode terminal of another battery cell.
  • the buffer portion 123b can deform to release the stress, so as to reduce the risk of failure of the connection portion between the first electrode terminal 12 and other components.
  • battery cells may expand during charging.
  • the expansion of the battery cells will stretch the first electrode terminal 12; the buffer portion 123b can release the stress through the shape to reduce the contact between the first electrode terminal 12 and other components (such as another battery). The risk of failure of the connection part of the single electrode terminal).
  • the first part 123a, the buffer part 123b and the second part 123c are sequentially arranged along the second direction Y.
  • one end of the second portion 123c away from the buffer portion 123b extends beyond the end cap.
  • the buffer portion 123b is bent into an arched structure.
  • the outer connection portion 123 includes a first portion 123a, a buffer portion 123b, and a second portion 123c.
  • the fuse area 121 is connected to the first part 123a.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the first electrode terminal of the end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 includes a tab connection portion 122 located inside the end cap, and the tab connection portion 122 is used to connect with the first tab 21 .
  • the tab connection part 122 may include two sub-connection parts 122a, and the two sub-connection parts 122a are respectively disposed at both ends of the tab connection part 122.
  • the battery cell may include a plurality of electrode assemblies, the first tabs of a part of the electrode assemblies may be connected to one sub-connection part 122a, and the first tabs of the remaining electrode assemblies may be connected to another sub-connection part 122a. 122a.
  • first electrode terminal 12 shown in FIG. 18 may also be provided with two sub-connection parts
  • first electrode terminal 12 shown in FIG. 19 may also be provided with two sub-connection parts.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic structural view of the end cover assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 22 is a schematic top view of the end cover assembly shown in Figure 21
  • Figure 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the end cover assembly shown in Figure 22
  • Figure 24 is an enlarged schematic diagram of Figure 23 at circular frame E.
  • a second recess 118 is also provided on the side of the end cover 11 away from the electrode assembly 20 , and the first protrusion 112 protrudes from the bottom surface 118 b of the second recess 118 .
  • a recessed portion 111 and a second recessed portion 118 are respectively located on both sides of the first protruding portion 112 .
  • the end cap assembly 10 further includes a second electrode terminal 13 connected to the first protrusion 112 , and at least part of the second electrode terminal 13 is received in the second recess 118 .
  • the second electrode terminal 13 may be entirely accommodated in the second recess 118 , or may be only partially accommodated in the second recess 118 .
  • the top end surface 112a of the first protrusion 112 may be the outer end surface of the end cap 11. Both the first recessed portion 111 and the second recessed portion 118 are recessed relative to the top end surface 112 a of the first convex portion 112 .
  • the second recess 118 can provide an accommodation space for the second electrode terminal 13, thereby hiding at least part of the second electrode terminal 13, reducing the additional space occupied by the second electrode terminal 13, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery cell 6. And reduce the influence of the second electrode terminal 13 on the energy density of the battery cell 6 .
  • the bottom surface 111b of the first recess 111 and the bottom surface 118b of the second recess 118 are flush.
  • the first recess 111 and the second recess 118 are disposed along the first direction X.
  • the size of the first recess 111 along the first direction X is L1
  • the size of the end cover 11 along the first direction X is L2
  • L1/L2 is 0.1-0.3.
  • the size of the second recess 118 along the first direction X is L3, and L3/L2 is 0.1-0.3.
  • L1 is equal to L3.
  • a third recess 115 is provided on the side of the end cap 11 facing the electrode assembly 20 .
  • the third recess 115 is formed on the end cap 11 at a position corresponding to the first protrusion 112 .
  • a part of the first electrode terminal 12 is accommodated in the third recess 115
  • a part of the second electrode terminal 13 is accommodated in the third recess 115 .
  • the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 accommodated in the third recess 115 and the portion of the second electrode terminal 13 accommodated in the third recess 115 are spaced apart along the first direction X.
  • the liquid injection hole 114 and the pressure relief mechanism 14 are provided on the top wall of the first protrusion 112 .
  • the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 accommodated in the third recess 115 neither overlaps the liquid injection hole 114 nor the pressure relief mechanism 14 . In some embodiments, in the thickness direction Z, the portion of the second electrode terminal 13 accommodated in the third recess 115 neither overlaps the liquid injection hole 114 nor the pressure relief mechanism 14 .
  • the end cap assembly 10 may use the first insulating member 15 shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the end cap assembly 10 further includes a second insulating member 16 , at least part of the second insulating member 16 is received in the third recess 115 to insulate the bottom surface 115 b of the third recess 115 from the first electrode terminal 12 .
  • the second insulator 16 can insulate and isolate the bottom surface 115b of the third recess 115 from the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 accommodated in the third recess 115, so as to reduce the distance between the first electrode terminal 12 and the first electrode terminal 12 when the battery cell 6 is subjected to an external impact. Risk of conduction of end cap 11.
  • the portion of the second insulating member 16 accommodated in the third recess 115 can also insulate the bottom surface 115 b of the third recess 115 from the second electrode terminal 13 .
  • the portion of the second insulating member 16 received in the third recess 115 includes a plurality of reinforcing ribs 1611 .
  • the reinforcing ribs 1611 can increase the strength of the second insulating component 16 and reduce the risk of deformation and wear of the second insulating component 16 during assembly.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • the end cap assembly 10 includes two insulating plates 17 . At least part of one insulating plate 17 is located between the bottom surface 111b of the first recess 111 and the first electrode terminal 12 and connects the bottom surface 111b of the first recess 111 and the first electrode terminal 12; at least part of the other insulating plate 17 is located on the second The bottom surface 118 b of the second recess 118 and the second electrode terminal 13 are connected between the bottom surface 118 b of the second recess 118 and the second electrode terminal 13 .
  • Figure 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • the first recess 111 passes through the end cover 11 along the second direction Y
  • the second recess 118 passes through the end cover 11 along the second direction Y.
  • the portion of the first electrode terminal 12 located outside the end cap 11 extends beyond the end cap 11; in other words, in the second direction Y, a portion of the first electrode terminal 12 extends to outside the first recess 111 .
  • the portion of the second electrode terminal 13 located outside the end cap 11 extends beyond the end cap 11; in other words, in the second direction Y, a portion of the second electrode terminal 13 extends to outside the second recess 118 .
  • the present application also provides a battery cell, which includes a case, an electrode assembly, and the end cap assembly of any of the above embodiments.
  • the housing has an opening.
  • the electrode assembly is contained in the housing and includes a first tab.
  • the end cap assembly is used to cover the opening, and the first tab is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal.
  • the present application also provides a battery including a plurality of battery cells according to any of the above embodiments.
  • Figure 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the plurality of battery cells 6 of the battery 2 may be sequentially arranged along the second direction Y.
  • the battery further includes a plurality of bus parts 7 , and the plurality of bus parts 7 connect a plurality of battery cells 6 in series, parallel or mixed connection.
  • the plurality of battery cells 6 includes adjacently arranged first battery cells 6a and second battery cells 6b.
  • the bus member 7 connects the first electrode terminal 12 of the first battery cell 6a to the second electrode terminal 13 of the second battery cell 6b to connect the first battery cell 6a and the second battery cell 6b. 6b in series.
  • the bus part 7 connects the first electrode terminal 12 of the first battery cell 6a to the first electrode terminal 12 of the first battery cell 6a to connect the first battery cell 6a and the second battery cell.
  • Body 6b is connected in parallel.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • the plurality of battery cells 6 include adjacently arranged first battery cells 6a and second battery cells 6b.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 of the first battery cell 6a exceeds the end cover 11 of the first battery cell 6a and is connected with the second battery cell 6b.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 or the second electrode terminal 13 are overlapped and connected.
  • overlapping means at least partially overlapping.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 of the first battery cell 6a extends beyond the end cap 11 of the first battery cell 6a and overlaps and connects with the first electrode terminal 12 of the second battery cell 6b such that the first The battery cell 6a and the second battery cell 6b are connected in parallel.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 of the first battery cell 6a extends beyond the end cap 11 of the first battery cell 6a and overlaps and connects with the second electrode terminal 13 of the second battery cell 6b, so that the One battery cell 6a and a second battery cell 6b are connected in series.
  • the electrode terminals of adjacent battery cells 6 can be directly connected, thus eliminating the traditional bus components for electrically connecting the electrode terminals, saving the space occupied by the bus components, reducing assembly processes, and reducing costs.
  • the first electrode terminal 12 of the first battery cell 6a is welded to the second electrode terminal 13 or the first electrode terminal 12 of the second battery cell 6b.
  • the present application also provides an electrical device, including the battery cell of any of the above embodiments, and the battery cell is used to provide electric energy.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an end cap assembly 10 , which includes an end cap 11 , a first electrode terminal 12 and a second electrode terminal 13 .
  • a first recess 111 is provided on the side of the end cap 11 away from the electrode assembly 20 of the battery cell 6 .
  • the end cap 11 further includes a first convex part 112 and a second convex part 113 protruding from the bottom surface 111 b of the first recessed part 111 , and the first recessed part 111 is located between the first convex part 112 and the second convex part 113 .
  • a third recess 115 and a fourth recess 117 are provided on the side of the end cap 11 facing the electrode assembly 20.
  • the third recess 115 is formed at a position corresponding to the first protrusion 112 of the end cap 11, and the fourth recess 117 is formed on the end cap 11.
  • the position of the cover 11 corresponding to the second protrusion 113 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 passes through the side wall of the first protrusion 112 , and a part of the first electrode terminal 12 is accommodated in the first recess 111 and a part is accommodated in the third recess 115 .
  • the second electrode terminal 13 passes through the side wall 1131 of the second protrusion 113 , and a part of the second electrode terminal 13 is accommodated in the first recess 111 and a part is accommodated in the fourth recess 117 .
  • embodiments of the present application provide an end cap assembly 10 , which includes an end cap 11 , a first electrode terminal 12 and a second electrode terminal 13 .
  • a first recess 111 , a first protrusion 112 and a second recess 118 are provided on the side of the end cap 11 away from the electrode assembly 20 of the battery cell 6 .
  • the first convex part 112 protrudes from the bottom surface 111b of the first recessed part 111 and the bottom surface 118b of the second recessed part 118.
  • the first recessed part 111 and the second recessed part 118 are respectively located on both sides of the first convex part 112.
  • a third recess 115 is provided on the side of the end cap 11 facing the electrode assembly 20 .
  • the third recess 115 is formed at a position corresponding to the first protrusion 112 of the end cap 11 .
  • the first electrode terminal 12 passes through the side wall of the first protrusion 112 close to the first recess 111 , and a part of the first electrode terminal 12 is accommodated in the first recess 111 and a part is accommodated in the third recess 115 .
  • the second electrode terminal 13 passes through the side wall of the first protrusion 112 close to the second recess 118 , and a part of the second electrode terminal 13 is accommodated in the second recess 118 and a part is accommodated in the third recess 115 .

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置。端盖组件包括端盖和第一电极端子。端盖背离电池单体的电极组件的一侧设有第一凹部。第一电极端子设置于端盖，第一电极端子的至少部分容纳于第一凹部。第一凹部可以为第一电极端子提供容纳空间，从而将第一电极端子的至少部分隐藏，减小第一电极端子额外占用的空间，进而提高电池单体的空间利用率，并降低第一电极端子对电池单体的能量密度的影响。

Description

电池单体的端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种电池单体的端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置。
背景技术
电池单体广泛用于电子设备，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等等。
如何提高电池单体的能量密度，是电池技术中的一个研究方向。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池单体的端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置，其能提高电池单体的能量密度。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体的端盖组件，其包括端盖和第一电极端子。端盖背离电池单体的电极组件的一侧设有第一凹部。第一电极端子设置于端盖，第一电极端子的至少部分容纳于第一凹部。
上述技术方案中，第一凹部可以为第一电极端子提供容纳空间，从而将第一电极端子的至少部分隐藏，减小第一电极端子额外占用的空间，进而提高电池单体的空间利用率，并降低第一电极端子对电池单体的能量密度的影响。
在一些实施方式中，端盖包括凸出于第一凹部的底面的第一凸部，第一电极端子连接于第一凸部。
上述技术方案中，通过设置第一凸部，可以提高端盖局部的强度，以减小端盖在使用过程中的变形。第一电极端子和第一凸部可以在垂直于第一凹部的底面的方向上共用部分的空间，从而提高电池单体的空间利用率，降低第一电极端子对电池单体的能量密度的影响。
在一些实施方式中，端盖还包括凸出于第一凹部的底面的第二凸部，第一凹部位于第一凸部和第二凸部之间。端盖组件还包括连接于第二凸部的第二电极端子，第二电极端子的至少部分容纳于第一凹部。
上述技术方案中，第一凹部可以为第二电极端子提供容纳空间，从而将第二电极端子的至少部分隐藏，减小第二电极端子额外占用的空间，进而提高电池单体的空间利用率，并降低第二电极端子对电池单体的能量密度的影响。第一凸部、第二凸部、第一电极端子以及第二电极端子在垂直于第一凹部的底面的方向上共用部分的空间，从而提高电池单体的空间利用率。
在一些实施方式中，端盖背离电极组件的一侧还设有第二凹部，第一凸部凸出于第二凹部的底面，第一凹部和第二凹部分别位于第一凸部的两侧。端盖组件还包括连接于第一凸部的第二电极端子，第二电极端子的至少部分容纳于第二凹部。
上述技术方案中，第二凹部可以为第二电极端子提供容纳空间，从而将第二电极端子的至少部分隐藏，减小第二电极端子额外占用的空间，进而提高电池单体的空间利用率，并降低第二电极端子对电池单体的能量密度的影响。
在一些实施方式中，第一凹部和第二凹部沿第一方向设置。第一凹部沿第一方向的尺寸为L1，端盖沿第一方向的尺寸为L2，L1/L2为0.1-0.3。
L1/L2的值越小，第一电极端子容纳于第一凹部的部分的尺寸越小，第一电极端子的过流能力越差；L1/L2的值越大，第一凸部的尺寸越小，第一电极端子与第二电极端子的间距越小，越不利于第一电极端子的固定和绝缘。上述技术方案将L1/L2的值限定为0.1-0.3，以平衡第一电极端子的过流能力和绝缘。
在一些实施方式中，在端盖的厚度方向上，第一凸部凸出于第一凹部的底面的尺寸为2mm-7mm。
d1的值越小，第一凸部对端盖的加强作用越差；d1的值越大，第一凸部在厚度方向上占用的空间也越大。上述技术方案将d1的值限定在2mm-7mm，以平衡端盖的强度和电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施方式中，端盖面向电极组件的一侧设有第三凹部，第三凹部形成于端盖的与第一凸部相对应的位置。第一电极端子的一部分容纳于第三凹部。
上述技术方案中，第三凹部既可用于容纳第一电极端子的一部分，可以增大电池单体的内部空间，进而提高电池单体的空间利用率和能量密度。第三凹部形成于端盖的与第一凸部相对应的位置，这样可以使第三凹部具有更大的深度，并保证端盖在与第三凹部对应的区域的强度。
在一些实施方式中，端盖设有通孔，通孔从第一凹部的侧面延伸至第三凹部的侧面。第一电极端子穿过通孔。
上述技术方案中，通孔可以使第一电极端子在穿出端盖后伸入到第一凹部内，从而减小第一电极端子额外占用的空间，进而提高电池单体的空间利用率，并降低第一电极端子对电池单体的能量密度的影响。
在一些实施方式中，第一凹部位于第一凸部沿第一方向的一侧。第一电极端子容纳于通孔的部分沿第二方向的尺寸为W1，端盖沿第二方向的尺寸为W2，第二方向垂直于第一方向和端盖的厚度方向。W1和W2满足：0.1≤W1/W2≤0.8。
W1/W2的值越大，通孔沿第二方向的尺寸越大，通孔密封的难度也越高，第一电极端子与端盖之间的固定要求也越高。如果W1/W2的值过大，造成通孔的密封易失效、第一电极端子易晃动，引发安全隐患。W1/W2的值越小，第一电极端子的过流面积也越小；如果W1/W2的值过小，易造成第一电极端子电阻偏大、产热较高。上述技术方案将W1/W2的值限定在0.1-0.8，以在满足密封要求和固定要求的前提下，尽可能的增大第一电极端子的过流面积，改善电池单体的充放电性能和安全性能。
在一些实施方式中，端盖组件还包括第一绝缘件，第一绝缘件用于将第一电极 端子与通孔的孔壁面绝缘隔离。第一绝缘件可以将第一电极端子与通孔的孔壁面绝缘隔离，以降低端盖与第一电极端子导通的风险，提高安全性。
在一些实施方式中，第一绝缘件将第一电极端子固定于端盖。第一绝缘件能够同时实现端盖与第一电极端子之间的绝缘和固定，从而简化端盖组件的结构。
在一些实施方式中，第一绝缘件的至少部分位于第一电极端子与通孔的孔壁面之间，以密封通孔。第一绝缘件能够同时起到绝缘和密封的作用，从而简化端盖组件的结构。
在一些实施方式中，第一绝缘件的外周面设有容纳槽，端盖的一部分容纳于容纳槽。端盖的容纳于容纳槽的部分可以对第一绝缘件进行限位和固定，从而限制第一绝缘件与端盖的相对移动，降低第一绝缘件脱离端盖的风险，提高安全性。
在一些实施方式中，容纳槽环绕第一电极端子一周。环形的容纳槽可以增大第一绝缘件与端盖之间的连接面积，提高第一绝缘件与端盖之间的连接强度。
在一些实施方式中，容纳槽的深度为0.5mm-3mm。
容纳槽的深度h越小，端盖插入容纳槽的部分也越小，第一绝缘件与端盖之间的连接强度越低；容纳槽的深度h越大，第一绝缘件的位于端盖与第一电极端子之间的部分的厚度也就越小，端盖与第一电极端子绝缘失效的风险也越高。上述技术方案将容纳槽的深度h限定在0.5mm-3mm，以平衡端盖与第一电极端子之间的绝缘以及第一绝缘件与端盖之间的连接强度。
在一些实施方式中，第一电极端子设有熔断区。第一绝缘件包覆熔断区。当电池单体因意外情况而产生大电流时，熔断区可以在大电流经过时熔断，从而及时切断电路，降低电池单体起火爆炸的风险，提高安全性。当熔断区熔断时，第一绝缘件可以包裹熔断残留的金属，降低第一电极端子熔断后的两部分再次搭接的风险，提高安全性。
在一些实施方式中，第一电极端子设有多个熔断区，多个熔断区间隔设置。通过设置多个熔断区，可以在电池单体出现意外时缩短第一电极端子熔断的时间，从而时切断电路，降低电池单体起火爆炸的风险，提高安全性。
在一些实施方式中，第一电极端子设有位于相邻的熔断区之间的熔断通孔，第一绝缘件包括容纳于熔断通孔内的绝缘柱。
上述技术方案中，通过在第一电极端子上开设熔断通孔，可以减小各熔断区的过流面积，以使熔断区能够实现过流保护的功能。绝缘柱可以将第一电极端子熔断后的两部分隔开，以降低第一电极端子的两部分在电池单体震动时重新搭接的风险，提高安全性。
在一些实施方式中，端盖组件还包括绝缘板，绝缘板的至少部分位于第一凹部的底面和第一电极端子之间。绝缘板可用于将第一凹部的底面与第一电极端子绝缘隔离，以降低第一电极端子的容纳于第一凹部的部分与端盖接触的风险，减小端盖带电的可能性，提高安全性。
在一些实施方式中，绝缘板连接第一凹部的底面和第一电极端子。绝缘板可以将第一电极端子固定到第一凹部的底面，以提高第一电极端子的容纳于第一凹部的部 分的稳定性，降低第一电极端子的容纳于第一凹部的部分晃动的风险，提高安全性。
在一些实施方式中，绝缘板连接第一绝缘件，以提高第一电极端子和端盖之间的绝缘性。
在一些实施方式中，端盖组件还包括第二绝缘件，第二绝缘件的至少部分容纳于第三凹部，以将第三凹部的底面与第一电极端子绝缘隔离。
上述技术方案中，第二绝缘件可以将第三凹部的底面与第一电极端子的容纳于第三凹部的部分绝缘隔离，以在电池单体受到外部冲击时，降低第一电极端子与端盖导通的风险。
在一些实施方式中，端盖面向电极组件的一侧设有第三凹部和第四凹部，第三凹部形成于端盖的与第一凸部相对应的位置，第四凹部形成于端盖的与第二凸部相对应的位置。第一电极端子的一部分容纳于第三凹部，第二电极端子穿过第二凸部的侧壁以使第二电极端子的一部分容纳于第四凹部。
上述技术方案中，第三凹部和第四凹部可以增大电池单体的内部空间，进而提高电池单体的空间利用率和能量密度。第三凹部形成于端盖的与第一凸部相对应的位置，第四凹部形成于端盖的与第二凸部相对应的位置，这样可以使第三凹部和第四凹部具有更大的深度，并保证端盖的强度。
在一些实施方式中，端盖组件还包括第二绝缘件，第二绝缘件包括第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部，第一绝缘部容纳于第三凹部并将第三凹部的底面与第一电极端子绝缘隔离，第二绝缘部容纳于第四凹部并将第四凹部的底面与第二电极端子绝缘隔离。
上述技术方案中，第一绝缘部可以将第三凹部的底面与第一电极端子的容纳于第三凹部的部分绝缘隔离，以在电池单体受到外部冲击时，降低第一电极端子与端盖导通的风险。第二绝缘部可以将第四凹部的底面与第二电极端子的容纳于第四凹部的部分绝缘隔离，以在电池单体受到外部冲击时，降低第二电极端子与端盖导通的风险。
在一些实施方式中，第二绝缘件一体成型。第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部连为一体，两者可以同步安装到端盖，以简化端盖组件的装配工艺。
在一些实施方式中，第二绝缘件的容纳于第三凹部的部分包括多个加强筋。加强筋可以增大第一绝缘部的强度，减小第一绝缘部在装配过程中变形、磨损的风险。
在一些实施方式中，第一凹部沿第二方向贯通端盖，第二方向垂直于端盖的厚度方向。在第二方向上，第一电极端子的位于端盖外侧的部分超出端盖。
上述技术方案中，在多个电池单体装配成组时，电池单体的电极端子可以直接连接，从而省去传统的用于电连接电极端子的汇流部件，节省汇流部件占用的空间，减少装配工序，降低成本。
在一些实施方式中，第一电极端子为片状。片状的第一电极端子占用的空间较小，且能够隐藏在第一凹部内，从而提高电池单体的空间利用率，并降低第一电极端子对电池单体的能量密度的影响。片状结构还能够增大第一电极端子与其它构件的连接面积，提高过流能力。
在一些实施方式中，第一电极端子的厚度方向平行于端盖的厚度方向。在端盖的厚度方向上，第一电极端子和端盖共用部分的空间，从而提高电池单体的空间利用 率，降低第一电极端子对电池单体的能量密度的影响。
在一些实施方式中，沿端盖的厚度方向，第一电极端子不超出端盖的背离电极组件的外端面。第一电极端子不会在厚度方向上增大电池单体的最大尺寸，从而提高电池单体的空间利用率，降低第一电极端子对电池单体的能量密度的影响。
在一些实施方式中，第一电极端子的位于端盖外侧的部分包括依次连接的第一部分、缓冲部以及第二部分，缓冲部用于在第一部分和第二部分相对移动时变形。在第一电极端子受力时，缓冲部可通过变形来释放应力，以降低第一电极端子与其它部件的连接部位失效的风险。
在一些实施方式中，端盖设有注液孔；在端盖的厚度方向上，注液孔的投影与第一电极端子的投影不重叠。第一电极端子避开注液孔设置，以在注液的过程中，降低第一电极端子与注液设备干涉的风险，减少第一电极端子对电解液的阻挡，提高注液效率。
在一些实施方式中，端盖组件还包括设置于端盖的泄压机构；在端盖的厚度方向上，泄压机构的投影与第一电极端子的投影不重叠。泄压机构和第一电极端子错开设置，可降低第一电极端子遮挡泄压通道的风险，减少第一电极端子对高温高压物质的阻挡，使高温高压物质能够顺畅泄放，降低安全风险。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体，包括壳体、电极组件以及第一方面任一实施方式提供的端盖组件。壳体具有开口。电极组件容纳于壳体内且包括第一极耳。端盖组件用于盖合开口，第一极耳电连接于第一电极端子。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，包括多个第二方面的电池单体。
在一些实施方式中，端盖组件还包括设置于端盖的第二电极端子。多个电池单体包括相邻设置的第一电池单体和第二电池单体；在第一电池单体和第二电池单体的排列方向上，第一电池单体的第一电极端子超出第一电池单体的端盖并与第二电池单体的第一电极端子或第二电极端子重叠并连接。
上述技术方案中，相邻的电池单体的电极端子可以直接连接，从而省去传统的用于电连接电极端子的汇流部件，节省汇流部件占用的空间，减少装配工序，降低成本。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电装置，包括第二方面的电池单体，电池单体用于提供电能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的立体结构示意图；
图4为图3所示的电池单体的爆炸示意图；
图5为图3所示的电池单体的剖视示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的立体结构示意图
图7为图6所示的端盖组件的仰视示意图；
图8为图7沿线A-A作出的剖视示意图；
图9为图7沿线B-B作出的剖视示意图；
图10为图8在圆框C处的放大示意图；
图11为图8在圆框D处的放大示意图；
图12为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的第一绝缘件的结构示意图；
图13为图12所示的第一绝缘件的侧视图；
图14为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的第一电极端子的结构示意图；
图15为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；
图16为图15所示的第一绝缘件和绝缘板的结构示意图；
图17为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；
图18为图17所示的第一电极端子的结构示意图；
图19为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的第一电极端子的结构示意图；
图20为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的第一电极端子的结构示意图；
图21为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；
图22为图21所示的端盖组件的俯视示意图；
图23为图22所示的端盖组件的剖视示意图；
图24为图23在圆框E处的放大示意图；
图25为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；
图26为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；
图27为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；
图28为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书 及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中术语“平行”不仅包括绝对平行的情况，也包括了工程上常规认知的大致平行的情况；同时，“垂直”也不仅包括绝对垂直的情况，还包括工程上常规认知的大致垂直的情况。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和正极极耳，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极极耳未涂覆正极活性物质层。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和负极极耳，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极极耳未涂覆负极活性物质层。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。隔离件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚 丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。
电池单体通常还包括壳体和端盖组件，壳体具有开口，端盖组件用于盖合开口，以围合形成用于电池单体的内部空腔，内部空腔可用于容纳电极组件、电解液或其它部件。
端盖组件包括端盖和设置于端盖的电极端子，端盖用于盖合壳体的开口，电极端子用于将电极组件与电池单体外部的电路电连接，以实现电极组件的充放电。为了便于与电池单体外部的导电构件电连接，电极端子通常凸出到端盖的外部。
发明人注意到，在相关技术中，凸出于端盖的电极端子会额外占用空间，增大电池单体的外形尺寸，进而影响电池单体的能量密度。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种方案，其通过在端盖的外侧形成凹部，凹部可以为电极端子提供容纳空间，从而将电极端子的至少部分隐藏，减小电极端子额外占用的空间，进而提高电池单体的空间利用率，并降低电极端子对电池单体的能量密度的影响。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于使用电池的用电装置。
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图。
如图1所示，车辆1的内部设置有电池2，电池2可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池2可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池2可以作为车辆1的操作电源。
车辆1还可以包括控制器3和马达4，控制器3用来控制电池2为马达4供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池2不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸示意图。
如图2所示，电池2包括箱体5和电池单体6，电池单体6容纳于箱体5内。
箱体5用于容纳电池单体6，箱体5可以是多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体5可以包括第一箱体部5a和第二箱体部5b，第一箱体部5a与第二箱体部5b相互盖合，第一箱体部5a和第二箱体部5b共同限定出用于容纳电池单体6的容纳空间5c。第二箱体部5b可以是一端开口的空心结构，第一箱体部5a为板状结构，第一箱体部5a盖合于第二箱体部5b的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间5c的箱体5；第一箱体部5a和第 二箱体部5b也均可以是一侧开口的空心结构，第一箱体部5a的开口侧盖合于第二箱体部5b的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间5c的箱体5。当然，第一箱体部5a和第二箱体部5b可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
为提高第一箱体部5a与第二箱体部5b连接后的密封性，第一箱体部5a与第二箱体部5b之间也可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。
假设第一箱体部5a盖合于第二箱体部5b的顶部，第一箱体部5a亦可称之为上箱盖，第二箱体部5b亦可称之为下箱体。
在电池2中，电池单体6可以是一个，也可以是多个。若电池单体6为多个，多个电池单体6之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体6中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体6之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体6构成的整体容纳于箱体5内；当然，也可以是多个电池单体6先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体5内。
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的立体结构示意图；图4为图3所示的电池单体的爆炸示意图。
如图3和图4所示，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体6，其包括电极组件20、壳体30和端盖组件10。壳体30具有开口31，电极组件20容纳于壳体30内，端盖组件10用于盖合开口31。
壳体30为空心结构。壳体30的形状可根据电极组件20的具体形状来确定。比如，若电极组件20为长方体结构，则可选用长方体壳体；若电极组件20为圆柱结构，则可选用圆柱壳体。
壳体30的材质可以是多种，比如，壳体30的材质可以是金属或塑料。可选地，壳体30的材质可以是铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
在一些实施例中，壳体30的一端设置有开口，端盖组件10为一个并盖合于开口。在另一些实施例中，壳体30相对的两端均具有开口，端盖组件10设置为两个，两个端盖组件10分别盖合于壳体30两端的开口。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件10包括端盖11和设置于端盖11的第一电极端子12和第二电极端子13。端盖11的形状可以与壳体30的形状相适应以配合壳体30。可选地，端盖11可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖11在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体6能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。
端盖11和壳体30围合形成用于容纳电极组件20和电解液的容纳腔。
第一电极端子12和第二电极端子13的极性相反。例如，若第一电极端子12为正极端子，则第二电极端子13为负极端子；若第一电极端子12为负极端子，则第二电极端子13为正极端子。
第一电极端子12和第二电极端子13用于将电极组件20与电池单体6外部的电路电连接，以实现电极组件20的充放电。
电极组件20包括正极极片和负极极片。示例性地，电极组件20通过离子在正极极片和负极极片中的嵌入/脱出时的氧化和还原反应来产生电能。
可选地，电极组件20还包括隔离膜，隔离膜用于将正极极片和负极极片绝缘隔离。
电极组件20可以是卷绕式电极组件、叠片式电极组件或其它类型的电极组件。示例性地，电极组件20可以是通过卷绕正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片形成。
电极组件20包括主体部23和从主体部23引出的极耳。示例性地，主体部23可以包括正极极片的涂覆有活性物质层的部分、负极极片的涂覆有活性物质层的部分和隔离膜。活性物质层中的活性物质用于与电解液等发生电化学反应，以产生充放电过程。
极耳可设置为多个。多个极耳包括极性相反的第一极耳21和第二极耳22，第一极耳21和第二极耳22可以从主体部23的同一端引出，也可以分别从主体部23的相反的两端引出。示例性地，第一极耳21电连接于第一电极端子12，第二极耳22电连接于第二电极端子13。
第一极耳21可以直接连接于第一电极端子12，以实现第一极耳21和第一电极端子12之间的电连接；第一极耳21也可通过其它导电构件间接地连接于第一电极端子12，以实现第一极耳21和第一电极端子12之间的电连接。
图5为图3所示的电池单体的剖视示意图；图6为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的立体结构示意图。
如图5和图6所示，本申请实施例的端盖组件10包括端盖11和第一电极端子12。端盖11背离电池单体6的电极组件20的一侧设有第一凹部111。第一电极端子12设置于端盖11，且第一电极端子12的至少部分容纳于第一凹部111。
第一电极端子12可以整体容纳于第一凹部111，也可以仅部分容纳于第一凹部111。
第一电极端子12可以设置于第一凹部111的侧面111a，可以设置于第一凹部111的底面111b，还可以设置于端盖11的其它位置，本申请实施例对此不作限制。
第一电极端子12可以与端盖11绝缘，也可以与端盖11电连接。
第一电极端子12可以是电池单体6的正极端子，也可以是电池单体6的负极端子。
示例性地，端盖11具有外端面11a。在端盖11的厚度方向Z上，外端面11a为端盖11的最远离电极组件20的主体部23的表面；换言之，在厚度方向Z上，外端面11a与主体部23之间的最大距离大于或等于端盖11的其它表面与主体部23之间的最大距离。第一凹部111相对于端盖11的外端面11a凹陷。
本实施例对第一凹部111的形状不作特别的限制。第一凹部111的外周可呈半封闭状态或封闭状态。示例性地，第一凹部111可延伸至端盖11的一个或多个边缘，以使第一凹部111的外周的一部分打开。可替代地，第一凹部111外周被端盖11的实体部分环绕，第一凹部111的外周呈封闭状态。
在本申请实施例中，第一凹部111可以为第一电极端子12提供容纳空间，从而将第一电极端子12的至少部分隐藏，减小第一电极端子12额外占用的空间，进而提高电池单体6的空间利用率，并降低第一电极端子12对电池单体6的能量密度的影响。
在一些实施例中，端盖11包括凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b的第一凸部112，第一电极端子12连接于第一凸部112。
通过设置第一凸部112，可以提高端盖11局部的强度，以减小端盖11在使用过程中的变形。第一电极端子12和第一凸部112可以在垂直于第一凹部111的底面111b的方向上共用部分的空间，从而提高电池单体6的空间利用率，降低第一电极端子12对电池单体6的能量密度的影响。
第一凸部112可用于限定第一凹部111。示例性地，端盖11的外端面11a包括第一凸部112的顶端面112a，第一凹部111从第一凸部112的顶端面112a沿靠近电极组件20的方向凹陷。
在一些实施例中，第一凹部111的底面111b为平面。示例性地，第一凹部111的底面111b垂直于端盖11的厚度方向Z。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件10还包括第二电极端子13，第二电极端子13的极性与第一电极端子12的极性相反。
第二电极端子13可以连接于第一凸部112，也可以连接于端盖11的其它部分。
第二电极端子13可以容纳于第一凹部111；可替代地，第二电极端子13也可以完全位于第一凹部111外。
在一些实施例中，端盖11还包括凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b的第二凸部113，第一凹部111位于第一凸部112和第二凸部113之间。端盖组件10还包括连接于第二凸部113的第二电极端子13，第二电极端子13的至少部分容纳于第一凹部111。
第一凹部111可以为第二电极端子13提供容纳空间，从而将第二电极端子13的至少部分隐藏，减小第二电极端子13额外占用的空间，进而提高电池单体6的空间利用率，并降低第二电极端子13对电池单体6的能量密度的影响。
第一凸部112、第二凸部113、第一电极端子12以及第二电极端子13在垂直于第一凹部111的底面111b的方向上共用部分的空间，从而提高电池单体6的空间利用率。
第一电极端子12连接于第一凸部112，第二电极端子13连接于第二凸部113，这样可以增大第一电极端子12和第二电极端子13之间的间距，降低第一电极端子12和第二电极端子13导通的风险。
第一凸部112和第二凸部113可以提高端盖11局部的强度，以减小端盖11在使用过程中的变形。
在一些实施例中，第一凸部112和第二凸部113共同限定出第一凹部111。
在一些示例中，在厚度方向Z上，第一凸部112凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b的尺寸大于第二凸部113凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b的尺寸；此时，外端面11a可为第一凸部112的顶端面112a。在另一些示例中，在厚度方向Z上，第一凸部112凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b的尺寸小于第二凸部113凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b的尺寸；此时，外端面11a可为第二凸部113的顶端面113a。在又一些示例中，第一凸部112凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b的尺寸等于第二凸部113凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b的尺寸；此时，外端面11a可包括第一凸部112的顶端面112a 和第二凸部113的顶端面113a。
在一些实施例中，第一凸部112和第二凸部113沿第一方向X间隔设置，第一方向X垂直于端盖11的厚度方向Z。第一电极端子12容纳于第一凹部111的部分和第二电极端子13容纳于第一凹部111的部分沿第一方向X相对并间隔设置。
在一些实施例中，端盖11设有注液孔114。在端盖11的厚度方向Z上，注液孔114的投影与第一电极端子12的投影不重叠。
注液孔114贯通端盖11，以将端盖11内外两侧的空间连通。注液孔114可用于注入电解液。具体地，在电池单体6的生产过程中，可通过注液孔114向壳体30的内部注入电解液。
当然，注液孔114也可用于电池单体6的其它生产工艺。示例性地，在电池单体6化成的过程中，可通过注液孔114抽出电池单体6内部的产气。
当与注液孔114相关的所有工艺完成后，可在端盖11上设置密封片(未示出)，以密封注液孔114。
本申请实施例使第一电极端子12避开注液孔114，以在注液的过程中，降低第一电极端子12与注液设备干涉的风险，减少第一电极端子12对电解液的阻挡，提高注液效率。
在一些实施例中，在端盖11的厚度方向Z上，注液孔114的投影与第二电极端子13的投影不重叠。
在一些实施例中，电池单体6还包括泄压机构14。
泄压机构14可以是在电池单体6达到一定条件时致动的元件或部件。示例性地，泄压机构14可以是在电池单体6的内部压力或内部温度达到预定阈值时致动以泄放内部压力和/或内部物质的元件或部件。该阈值设计根据设计需求不同而不同。该阈值可能取决于电池单体6中的正极极片、负极极片、电解液和隔离件中一种或几种的材料。
泄压机构14可以采用诸如防爆阀、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等的形式，并可以具体采用压敏元件或构造，即，当电池单体6的内部压力达到预定阈值时，泄压机构14执行动作或者泄压机构14中设有的薄弱区破裂，从而形成可供内部压力泄放的开口或通道。可替代地，泄压机构14也可采用温敏元件或构造，即当电池单体6的内部温度达到预定阈值时，泄压机构14执行动作，从而形成可供内部压力泄放的开口或通道。可替代地，泄压机构14也可为能够主动致动的部件，示例性地，泄压机构14可以在接收到电池的控制信号时致动。
泄压机构14对电池单体6的安全性有着重要影响。例如，当发生短路、过充等现象时，可能会导致电池单体6内部发生热失控从而压力骤升。这种情况下通过泄压机构14致动可以将内部压力向外释放，以防止电池单体6爆炸、起火。
泄压机构14可以设置在端盖11上，也可以设置在壳体30上，本申请实施例对此不作限制。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件10还包括设置于端盖11的泄压机构14。在端盖11的厚度方向Z上，泄压机构14的投影与第一电极端子12的投影不重叠。
泄压机构14和端盖11可为两个独立成型的部件，两者通过焊接、粘接或其它方式固定连接。可替代地，泄压机构14和端盖11也可一体成型。
当电池单体6热失控时，电池单体6内部产生的高温高压物质经由泄压机构14形成的通道向外泄放。本申请实施例将泄压机构14和第一电极端子12错开，可降低第一电极端子12遮挡泄压通道的风险，减少第一电极端子12对高温高压物质的阻挡，使高温高压物质能够顺畅泄放，降低安全风险。本申请实施例还能够降低高温高压物质将第一电极端子12熔断的风险。
在另一些实施例中，泄压机构14设置在壳体30上。本申请实施例可以增大泄压机构14和第一电极端子12的距离，在泄压机构14致动时降低连接于第一电极端子12的其它部件被高温高压物质烧伤的风险。
泄压机构14和壳体30可为两个独立成型的部件，两者通过焊接、粘接或其它方式固定连接。可替代地，泄压机构14和壳体30也可一体成型。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子12直接连接于第一极耳21，这样可以省去用于连接第一电极端子12和第一极耳21的导电构件，从而减少电池单体6的成型工序，减少电池单体6的零部件，提高电池单体6的能量密度。可选地，第一极耳21通过超声波焊接、熔融焊接或其它方式焊接于第一极耳21。
在一些实施例中，第二电极端子13直接连接于第二极耳22。
在一些实施例中，沿端盖11的厚度方向Z，第一电极端子12不超出端盖11的背离电极组件20的外端面11a。
在本申请实施例中，第一电极端子12不会在厚度方向Z上增大电池单体6的最大尺寸，从而提高电池单体6的空间利用率，降低第一电极端子12对电池单体6的能量密度的影响。
图7为图6所示的端盖组件的仰视示意图；图8为图7沿线A-A作出的剖视示意图；图9为图7沿线B-B作出的剖视示意图；图10为图8在圆框C处的放大示意图；图11为图8在圆框D处的放大示意图。
如图5至图11所示，在一些实施例中，在端盖11的厚度方向Z上，第一凸部112凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b的尺寸d1为2mm-7mm。
d1的值越小，第一凸部112对端盖11的加强作用越差；d1的值越大，第一凸部112在厚度方向Z上占用的空间也越大。发明人将d1的值限定在2mm-7mm，以平衡端盖11的强度和电池单体6的能量密度。
示例性地，d1为2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm、6mm或7mm。
在一些实施例中，在端盖11的厚度方向Z上，第一凸部112凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b的尺寸d1等于第二凸部113凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，端盖11面向电极组件20的一侧设有第三凹部115，第三凹部115形成于端盖11的与第一凸部112相对应的位置。第一电极端子12的一部分容纳于第三凹部115。
第三凹部115既可用于容纳第一电极端子12的一部分，还可以增大电池单体6的内部空间，进而提高电池单体6的空间利用率和能量密度。第三凹部115形成于端盖 11的与第一凸部112相对应的位置，这样可以使第三凹部115具有更大的深度，并保证端盖11在与第三凹部115对应的区域的强度。
在一些实施例中，第一极耳21的至少部分容纳于第三凹部115。第三凹部115可以为第一极耳21提供容纳空间，以提高电池单体6内部空间的利用率。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子12的位于端盖11内侧的部分完全容纳于第三凹部115。
在一些实施例中，端盖11设有通孔116，通孔116从第一凹部111的侧面111a延伸至第三凹部115的侧面115a。第一电极端子12穿过通孔116。
通孔116可为圆孔、方孔、腰孔或其它形状的孔。
通孔116在第一凹部111的侧面111a和第三凹部115的侧面115a均形成开口。第一凹部111的侧面111a和第三凹部115的侧面115a之间形成具有一定厚度的壁，这个壁可以称之为第一凸部112的侧壁。通孔116贯通第一凸部112的侧壁。
通孔116连通端盖11内外两侧的空间。端盖11内侧的空间指的是电池单体6内部的空间，即端盖11和壳体30围合形成的用于容纳电解液和电极组件20的容纳空间。端盖11外侧的空间指的是电池单体6外部的空间。
通过设置通孔116，可以使第一电极端子12在穿出端盖11后伸入到第一凹部111内，从而减小第一电极端子12额外占用的空间，进而提高电池单体6的空间利用率，并降低第一电极端子12对电池单体6的能量密度的影响。
在一些实施例中，第一凹部111位于第一凸部112沿第一方向X的一侧。第一电极端子12容纳于通孔116的部分沿第二方向Y的尺寸为W1，端盖11沿第二方向Y的尺寸为W2，第二方向Y垂直于第一方向X和端盖11的厚度方向Z。W1和W2满足：0.1≤W1/W2≤0.8。
W1/W2的值越大，通孔116沿第二方向Y的尺寸越大，通孔116密封的难度也越高，第一电极端子12与端盖11之间的固定要求也越高。如果W1/W2的值过大，造成通孔116的密封易失效、第一电极端子12易晃动，引发安全隐患。W1/W2的值越小，第一电极端子12的过流面积也越小；如果W1/W2的值过小，易造成第一电极端子12电阻偏大、产热较高。
鉴于此，发明人经过研究和试验，将W1/W2的值限定在0.1-0.8，以在满足密封要求和固定要求的前提下，尽可能的增大电极端子的过流面积，改善电池单体6的充放电性能和安全性能。
示例性地，W1/W2的值为0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7或0.8。
在一些实施例中，在厚度方向Z上，第三凹部115的深度d2为2mm-7mm。
d2越大，d1也越大，第一凸部112在厚度方向Z上占用的空间越大，电池单体6的能量密度越低。d2越小，通孔116在厚度方向Z上的尺寸也越小，第一电极端子12安装到端盖11的难度越高，第一电极端子12的过流能力也越差。
发明人将d2的值限定在2mm-7mm，以平衡电池单体6的能量密度和第一电极端子12的过流性能。
示例性地，d2为2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm、6mm或7mm。
在一些实施例中，d1等于d2。
在一些实施例中，端盖11面向电极组件20的一侧还设有第四凹部117，第四凹部117形成于端盖11的与第二凸部113相对应的位置。第二电极端子13穿过第二凸部113的侧壁1131以使第二电极端子13的一部分容纳于第四凹部117。
第二凸部113的侧壁1131为第二凸部113的位于第四凹部117的侧面117a和第一凹部111的侧面111a之间的部分。
在一些实施例中，第二极耳22的至少部分容纳于第四凹部117内。
在一些实施例中，在端盖11的厚度方向Z上，第四凹部117的深度等于第三凹部115的深度d2。
在一些实施例中，注液孔114可设置于第一凸部112的顶壁。第一凸部112的顶壁可为第一凸部112的位于第一凸部112的顶端面112a和第三凹部115的底面115b之间的部分。
在一些实施例中，在端盖11的厚度方向Z上，注液孔114与第一电极端子12的容纳于第三凹部115的部分不重叠，以在注液过程中减少第一电极端子12对电解液的遮挡。
在一些实施例中，泄压机构14设于第一凹部111的底壁上。第一凹部111的底壁即为端盖11的与第一凹部111的底面111b对应且具有一定厚度的壁。
在一些实施例中，在厚度方向Z上，泄压机构14与第一电极端子12的容纳于第一凹部111的部分不重叠，泄压机构14与第二电极端子13的容纳于第一凹部111的部分不重叠。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子12为片状。
第一电极端子12为具有一定厚度的片状结构。第一电极端子12可以是等厚度的片状结构，也可以是变厚度的片状结构。
片状的第一电极端子12占用的空间较小，且能够隐藏在第一凹部111内，从而提高电池单体6的空间利用率，并降低第一电极端子12对电池单体6的能量密度的影响。片状结构还能够增大第一电极端子12与其它构件的连接面积，提高过流能力。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子12的厚度方向Z平行于端盖11的厚度方向Z。
在端盖11的厚度方向Z上，第一电极端子12和端盖11共用部分的空间，从而提高电池单体6的空间利用率，降低第一电极端子12对电池单体6的能量密度的影响。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件10还包括第一绝缘件15，第一绝缘件15用于将第一电极端子12与通孔116的孔壁面绝缘隔离。
第一绝缘件15可以将第一电极端子12与通孔116的孔壁面绝缘隔离，以降低端盖11与第一电极端子12导通的风险，提高安全性。
示例性地，第一绝缘件15的至少部分可填充在通孔116的孔壁面和第一电极端子12之间，以将第一电极端子12与通孔116的孔壁面绝缘隔离。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘件15的材质可为塑料、陶瓷或其它绝缘材料。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘件15将第一电极端子12固定于端盖11。
第一绝缘件15可通过粘接、卡接或其它方式连接于端盖11和第一电极端子12， 以实现第一电极端子12和端盖11的固定。示例性地，第一绝缘件15粘接于端盖11和第一电极端子12，以实现第一电极端子12和端盖11的固定。
第一绝缘件15能够同时实现端盖11与第一电极端子12之间的绝缘和固定，从而简化端盖组件10的结构。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘件15的至少部分位于第一电极端子12与通孔116的孔壁面之间，以密封通孔116。
第一绝缘件15与通孔116的孔壁面相抵，以在第一绝缘件15和孔壁面之间形成密封界面，实现通孔116的密封。
第一绝缘件15能够同时起到绝缘和密封的作用，从而简化端盖组件10的结构。
图12为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的第一绝缘件的结构示意图；图13为图12所示的第一绝缘件的侧视图；图14为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的第一电极端子的结构示意图。
请一并参照图7至图13，在一些实施例中，第一绝缘件15的外周面151设有容纳槽152，端盖11的一部分容纳于容纳槽152。
容纳槽152可以为一个，也可以为多个。示例性地，容纳槽152可以为多个，多个容纳槽152沿第一绝缘件15的周向间隔设置。
端盖11可以将容纳槽152填满，也可以仅填充容纳槽152的一部分。
端盖11的容纳于容纳槽152的部分可以对第一绝缘件15进行限位和固定，从而限制第一绝缘件15与端盖11的相对移动，降低第一绝缘件15脱离端盖11的风险，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，容纳槽152的底面与通孔116的孔壁面相抵，以实现通孔116的密封。
在一些实施例中，容纳槽152的底面粘接于通孔116的孔壁面。
在一些实施例中，容纳槽152的侧面粘接于端盖11，以提高第一绝缘件15与端盖11之间的连接强度。
在一些实施例中，容纳槽152环绕第一电极端子12一周。环形的容纳槽152可以增大第一绝缘件15与端盖11之间的连接面积，提高第一绝缘件15与端盖11之间的连接强度。
在一些实施例中，容纳槽152的深度h为0.5mm-3mm。
容纳槽152的深度h越小，端盖11插入容纳槽152的部分也越小，第一绝缘件15与端盖11之间的连接强度越低；容纳槽152的深度h越大，第一绝缘件15的位于端盖11与第一电极端子12之间的部分的厚度也就越小，端盖11与第一电极端子12绝缘失效的风险也越高。
发明人经过研究和试验，将容纳槽152的深度h限定在0.5mm-3mm，以平衡端盖11与第一电极端子12之间的绝缘以及第一绝缘件15与端盖11之间的连接强度。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子12设有熔断区121。第一绝缘件15包覆熔断区121。
熔断区121可以是一个或多个。
本申请实施例可以通过在第一电极端子12上开设孔、槽、缺口或其它结构，以减小第一电极端子12局部的面积，从而形成过流面积较小的熔断区121。可替代地，本申请实施例也可以在第一电极端子12的局部进行材料处理，以在第一电极端子12上形成具有防护功能的熔断区121。
当电池单体6因意外情况(例如短路)而产生大电流时，熔断区121可以在大电流经过时熔断，从而及时切断电路，降低电池单体起火爆炸的风险，提高安全性。当熔断区121熔断时，第一绝缘件15可以包裹熔断残留的金属，降低第一电极端子12熔断后的两部分再次搭接的风险，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子12设有多个熔断区121，多个熔断区121间隔设置。
通过设置多个熔断区121，可以在电池单体出现意外时缩短第一电极端子12熔断的时间，从而时切断电路，降低电池单体起火爆炸的风险，提高安全性。
具体地，当电池单体出现短路时，某个熔断区121熔断后，电流只能经由其它熔断区121流动，这样会缩短其它熔断区121熔断的时间。
在一些实施例中，在多个熔断区121的布置方向上，各熔断区121的尺寸为2mm-10mm。
在一些实施例中，多个熔断区121沿第二方向Y间隔设置。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子12设有位于相邻的熔断区121之间的熔断通孔124，第一绝缘件15包括容纳于熔断通孔124内的绝缘柱153。
熔断通孔124可为一个或多个，对应地，绝缘柱153可为一个或多个。示例性地，熔断通孔124和绝缘柱153均为两个。
通过在第一电极端子12上开设熔断通孔124，可以减小各熔断区121的过流面积，以使熔断区121能够实现过流保护的功能。绝缘柱153可以将第一电极端子12熔断后的两部分隔开，以降低第一电极端子12的两部分在电池单体6震动时重新搭接的风险，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘件15可通过一体注塑的方式形成。示例性地，可先将端盖11和第一电极端子12固定到夹具上，然后再在第一电极端子12和端盖11之间填充绝缘材料，绝缘材料固化后形成第一绝缘件15。
在一些实施例中，端盖11面向电极组件20的一侧设有第三凹部115和第四凹部117，第三凹部115形成于端盖11的与第一凸部112相对应的位置，第四凹部117形成于端盖11的与第二凸部113相对应的位置。第一电极端子12的一部分容纳于第三凹部115，第二电极端子13穿过第二凸部113的侧壁1131以使第二电极端子13的一部分容纳于第四凹部117。
第三凹部115和第四凹部117可以增大电池单体6的内部空间，进而提高电池单体6的空间利用率和能量密度。第三凹部115形成于端盖11的与第一凸部112相对应的位置，第四凹部117形成于端盖11的与第二凸部113相对应的位置，这样可以使第三凹部115和第四凹部117具有更大的深度，并保证端盖11的强度。
在一些实施例中，第二电极端子13也通过绝缘件固定于第二凸部113。示例性 地，用于固定第二电极端子13的绝缘件可与第一绝缘件15采用相同的结构。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件10还包括第二绝缘件16，第二绝缘件16包括第一绝缘部161和第二绝缘部162，第一绝缘部161容纳于第三凹部115并将第三凹部115的底面115b与第一电极端子12绝缘隔离，第二绝缘部162容纳于第四凹部117并将第四凹部117的底面117b与第二电极端子13绝缘隔离。
第一绝缘部161可以将第三凹部115的底面115b与第一电极端子12的容纳于第三凹部115的部分绝缘隔离，以在电池单体6受到外部冲击时，降低第一电极端子12与端盖11导通的风险。第二绝缘部162可以将第四凹部117的底面117b与第二电极端子13的容纳于第四凹部117的部分绝缘隔离，以在电池单体6受到外部冲击时，降低第二电极端子13与端盖11导通的风险。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘部161附接于第三凹部115的底面115b。示例性地，第一绝缘部161粘接于第三凹部115的底面115b。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘部162附接于第四凹部117的底面117b。示例性地，第二绝缘部162粘接于第四凹部117的底面117b。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘部161还覆盖第三凹部115的侧面115a的至少部分，以降低端盖11与电池单体6内的其它构件导通的风险。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘件16一体成型。
第一绝缘部161和第二绝缘部162连为一体，两者可以同步安装到端盖11，以简化端盖组件10的装配工艺。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘件16还包括第三绝缘部163，第三绝缘部163设于端盖11面向电极组件20的一侧并连接第一绝缘部161和第二绝缘部162。
示例性地，第一绝缘部161、第二绝缘部162以及第三绝缘部163一体成型。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘部161设有多个加强筋1611。加强筋1611可以增大第一绝缘部161的强度，减小第一绝缘部161在装配过程中变形、磨损的风险。
示例性地，加强筋1611设于第一绝缘部161背向第三凹部115的底面115b的一侧。在焊接第一极耳21和第一电极端子12时，第一极耳21通常会抵压第一电极端子12，以保证第一极耳21和第一电极端子12紧密接触，降低虚焊风险。第一电极端子12受压时可能会朝向第三凹部115的底面115b弯折。加强筋1611可以支撑第一电极端子12，以减小第一电极端子12的弯折变形，使第一电极端子12和第一极耳21稳定接触。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘部161的多个加强筋1611平行设置或交叉设置。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘部162背离第四凹部117的底面117b的一侧也设有多个加强筋。
在一些实施例中，第三绝缘部163为平板结构。
图15为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；图16为图15所示的第一绝缘件和绝缘板的结构示意图。
如图15和图16所示，在一些实施例中，端盖组件10还包括绝缘板17，绝缘板17的至少部分位于第一凹部111的底面111b和第一电极端子12之间。
绝缘板17可以整体位于第一凹部111的底面111b和第一电极端子12之间，也可以仅部分位于第一凹部111的底面111b和第一电极端子12之间。
绝缘板17可用于将第一凹部111的底面111b与第一电极端子12绝缘隔离，以降低第一电极端子12的容纳于第一凹部111的部分与端盖11接触的风险，减小端盖11带电的可能性，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，绝缘板17连接第一凹部111的底面111b和第一电极端子12。示例性地，绝缘板17面向第一凹部111的底面111b的表面粘接于第一凹部111的底面111b，绝缘板17面向第一电极端子12的表面粘接于第一电极端子12。
绝缘板17可以将第一电极端子12固定到第一凹部111的底面111b，以提高第一电极端子12的容纳于第一凹部111的部分的稳定性，降低第一电极端子12的容纳于第一凹部111的部分晃动的风险，提高安全性。
在一些实施例中，绝缘板17连接第一绝缘件15，以提高第一电极端子12和端盖11之间的绝缘性。
在一些实施例中，绝缘板17和第一绝缘件15一体成型。可选地，绝缘板17和第一绝缘件15通过一体注塑成型。
在一些实施例中，绝缘板17连接于第一凹部111的底面111b、第一电极端子12以及第一绝缘件15。
在一些实施例中，第一凹部111的底面111b和第二电极端子13之间也设有绝缘板。
图17为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；图18为图17所示的第一电极端子的结构示意图。
如图17和图18所示，在一些实施例中，第一凹部111沿第二方向Y贯通端盖11，第二方向Y垂直于端盖11的厚度方向Z。在第二方向Y上，第一电极端子12的位于端盖11外侧的部分超出端盖11。
在本申请实施例中，第一电极端子12的位于端盖11内侧的部分指的是：第一电极端子12的位于由端盖11和壳体30围合形成的容纳空间中的部分。第一电极端子12的位于端盖11外侧的部分指的是：第一电极端子12的露出到电池单体6的外部空间的部分。
当两个电池单体6沿第二方向Y排布时，一个电池单体6的第一电极端子12超出端盖11的部分可以直接连接于另一个电池单体6的第一电极端子12或第二电极端子13，以实现两个电池单体6的串联或并联。
在多个电池单体6装配成组时，电池单体6的电极端子可以直接连接，从而省去传统的用于电连接电极端子的汇流部件，节省汇流部件占用的空间，减少装配工序，降低成本。
在一些实施例中，在第二方向Y上，第一电极端子12的位于端盖11外侧的部分至少超出端盖10mm，以使相邻的电池单体6的电极端子之间的连接面积满足要求。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子12大体呈L形。
在一些实施例中，在第二方向Y上，第二电极端子13的位于端盖11外侧的部 分也超出端盖11。
在一些实施例中，端盖11具有沿第二方向Y相对设置的两个边缘。第一电极端子12朝向一个边缘延伸并超出这一个边缘，第二电极端子13朝向另一个边缘并超出这另一个边缘。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子12包括极耳连接部122、熔断区121和外连接部123，极耳连接部122的至少部分位于端盖11内侧并用于与第一极耳21连接，外连接部123的至少部分位于端盖11外侧并用于与其它导电结构相连。
图19为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的第一电极端子的结构示意图。
如图19所示，在一些实施例中，第一电极端子12的位于端盖外侧的部分包括依次连接的第一部分123a、缓冲部123b以及第二部分123c，缓冲部123b用于在第一部分123a和第二部分123c相对移动时变形。
示例性地，第一部分123a和第二部分123c的一者可用于连接第一电极端子12的位于端盖内侧的部分，另一者用于与另一个电池单体的电极端子相连。
在第一电极端子12受力时，缓冲部123b可通过变形来释放应力，以降低第一电极端子12与其它部件的连接部位失效的风险。
示例性地，电池单体在充电的过程中会出现膨胀。当多个电池单体排列成组时，电池单体的膨胀会拉伸第一电极端子12；缓冲部123b可以通过形来释放应力，以降低第一电极端子12与其它部件(例如另一个电池单体的电极端子)的连接部位失效的风险。
在一些实施例中，第一部分123a、缓冲部123b和第二部分123c沿第二方向Y依次设置。
在一些实施例中，在第二方向Y上，第二部分123c远离缓冲部123b的一端超出端盖。
在一些实施例中，缓冲部123b弯折为拱形结构。
在一些实施例中，外连接部123包括第一部分123a、缓冲部123b和第二部分123c。熔断区121连接于第一部分123a。
图20为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的第一电极端子的结构示意图。
如图20所示，在一些实施例中，第一电极端子12包括位于端盖内侧的极耳连接部122，极耳连接部122用于与第一极耳21连接。
在一些实施例中，极耳连接部122可包括两个子连接部122a，两个子连接部122a分别设置于极耳连接部122的两端。
示例性地，电池单体可包括多个电极组件，一部分的电极组件的第一极耳可连接于一个子连接部122a，剩余部分的电极组件的第一极耳可连接于另一个子连接部122a。
示例性地，图18所示的第一电极端子12也可设有两个子连接部，图19所示的第一电极端子12也可设有两个子连接部。
图21为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图；图22为图21所示的端盖组件的俯视示意图；图23为图22所示的端盖组件的剖视示意图；图24为图23 在圆框E处的放大示意图。
如图21至图24所示，在一些实施例中，端盖11背离电极组件20的一侧还设有第二凹部118，第一凸部112凸出于第二凹部118的底面118b，第一凹部111和第二凹部118分别位于第一凸部112的两侧。端盖组件10还包括连接于第一凸部112的第二电极端子13，第二电极端子13的至少部分容纳于第二凹部118。
第二电极端子13可以整体容纳于第二凹部118，也可以仅部分容纳于第二凹部118。
示例性地，第一凸部112的顶端面112a可为端盖11的外端面。第一凹部111和第二凹部118均相对于第一凸部112的顶端面112a凹陷。
第二凹部118可以为第二电极端子13提供容纳空间，从而将第二电极端子13的至少部分隐藏，减小第二电极端子13额外占用的空间，进而提高电池单体6的空间利用率，并降低第二电极端子13对电池单体6的能量密度的影响。
在一些实施例中，第一凹部111的底面111b和第二凹部118的底面118b齐平。
在一些实施例中，第一凹部111和第二凹部118沿第一方向X设置。第一凹部111沿第一方向X的尺寸为L1，端盖11沿第一方向X的尺寸为L2，L1/L2为0.1-0.3。
L1/L2的值越小，第一电极端子12容纳于第一凹部111的部分的尺寸越小，第一电极端子12的过流能力越差；L1/L2的值越大，第一凸部112的尺寸越小，第一电极端子12与第二电极端子13的间距越小，越不利于第一电极端子12的固定和绝缘。
本申请将L1/L2的值限定为0.1-0.3，以平衡第一电极端子12的过流能力和绝缘。
在一些实施例中，第二凹部118沿第一方向X的尺寸为L3，L3/L2为0.1-0.3。可选地，L1等于L3。
在一些实施例中，端盖11面向电极组件20的一侧设有第三凹部115，第三凹部115形成于端盖11的与第一凸部112相对应的位置。第一电极端子12的一部分容纳于第三凹部115，第二电极端子13的一部分容纳于第三凹部115。
在一些实施例中，第一电极端子12的容纳于第三凹部115的部分和第二电极端子13容纳于第三凹部115的部分沿第一方向X间隔设置。
在一些实施例中，注液孔114和泄压机构14设置于第一凸部112的顶壁。
在一些实施例中，在厚度方向Z上，第一电极端子12的容纳于第三凹部115的部分既不与注液孔114重叠，也不与泄压机构14重叠。在一些实施例中，在厚度方向Z上，第二电极端子13的容纳于第三凹部115的部分既不与注液孔114重叠，也不与泄压机构14重叠。
在一些实施例中，在第一方向X上，第一电极端子12背离第一凸部112的一端不超出端盖11，第二电极端子13背离第一凸部112的一端不超出端盖11。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件10可采用图12所示的第一绝缘件15。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件10还包括第二绝缘件16，第二绝缘件16的至少部分容纳于第三凹部115，以将第三凹部115的底面115b与第一电极端子12绝缘隔离。
第二绝缘件16可以将第三凹部115的底面115b与第一电极端子12的容纳于第 三凹部115的部分绝缘隔离，以在电池单体6受到外部冲击时，降低第一电极端子12与端盖11导通的风险。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘件16的容纳于第三凹部115的部分还可将第三凹部115的底面115b与第二电极端子13绝缘隔离。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘件16的容纳于第三凹部115的部分包括多个加强筋1611。加强筋1611可以增大第二绝缘件16的强度，减小第二绝缘件16在装配过程中变形、磨损的风险。
图25为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图。
如图25所示，在一些实施例中，端盖组件10包括两个绝缘板17。一个绝缘板17的至少部分位于第一凹部111的底面111b和第一电极端子12之间并连接第一凹部111的底面111b和第一电极端子12；另一个绝缘板17的至少部分位于第二凹部118的底面118b和第二电极端子13之间并连接第二凹部118的底面118b和第二电极端子13。
图26为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图。
如图26所示，在一些实施例中，第一凹部111沿第二方向Y贯通端盖11，第二凹部118沿第二方向Y贯通端盖11。
在一些实施例中，在第二方向Y上，第一电极端子12的位于端盖11外侧的部分超出端盖11；换言之，在第二方向Y上，第一电极端子12的一部分伸出到第一凹部111外。
在一些实施例中，在第二方向Y上，第二电极端子13的位于端盖11外侧的部分超出端盖11；换言之，在第二方向Y上，第二电极端子13的一部分伸出到第二凹部118外。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种电池单体，其包括壳体、电极组件以及以上任一实施例的端盖组件。壳体具有开口。电极组件容纳于壳体内且包括第一极耳。端盖组件用于盖合开口，第一极耳电连接于第一电极端子。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种电池，包括多个以上任一实施例的电池单体。
图27为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图。
如图27所示，在一些实施例中，电池2的多个电池单体6可沿第二方向Y依次布置。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括多个汇流部件7，多个汇流部件7将多个电池单体6串联、并联或混联。
在一些实施例中，多个电池单体6包括相邻设置的第一电池单体6a和第二电池单体6b。在一些示例中，汇流部件7将第一电池单体6a的第一电极端子12连接于第二电池单体6b的第二电极端子13，以将第一电池单体6a和第二电池单体6b串联。在另一些示例中，汇流部件7将第一电池单体6a的第一电极端子12连接于第一电池单体6a的第一电极端子12，以将第一电池单体6a和第二电池单体6b并联。
图28为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图。
如图28所示，在一些实施例中，多个电池单体6包括相邻设置的第一电池单体 6a和第二电池单体6b。在第一电池单体6a和第二电池单体6b的排列方向上，第一电池单体6a的第一电极端子12超出第一电池单体6a的端盖11并与第二电池单体6b的第一电极端子12或第二电极端子13重叠并连接。
在实施例中，重叠指的是至少部分地重叠。
在一些示例中，第一电池单体6a的第一电极端子12超出第一电池单体6a的端盖11并与第二电池单体6b的第一电极端子12重叠并连接，以使第一电池单体6a和第二电池单体6b并联。在另一些示例中，第一电池单体6a的第一电极端子12超出第一电池单体6a的端盖11并与第二电池单体6b的第二电极端子13重叠并连接，以使第一电池单体6a和第二电池单体6b串联。
在本申请实施例中，相邻的电池单体6的电极端子可以直接连接，从而省去传统的用于电连接电极端子的汇流部件，节省汇流部件占用的空间，减少装配工序，降低成本。
在一些实施例中，第一电池单体6a的第一电极端子12焊接于第二电池单体6b的第二电极端子13或第一电极端子12。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，包括以上任一实施例的电池单体，电池单体用于提供电能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图7至图11，本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件10，其包括端盖11、第一电极端子12和第二电极端子13。
端盖11背离电池单体6的电极组件20的一侧设有第一凹部111。端盖11还包括凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b的第一凸部112和第二凸部113，第一凹部111位于第一凸部112和第二凸部113之间。端盖11面向电极组件20的一侧设有第三凹部115和第四凹部117，第三凹部115形成于端盖11的与第一凸部112相对应的位置，第四凹部117形成于端盖11的与第二凸部113相对应的位置。
第一电极端子12穿过第一凸部112的侧壁，且第一电极端子12的一部分容纳于第一凹部111，一部分容纳于第三凹部115。第二电极端子13穿过第二凸部113的侧壁1131，且第二电极端子13的一部分容纳于第一凹部111，一部分容纳于第四凹部117。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参照图21至图24，本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件10，其包括端盖11、第一电极端子12和第二电极端子13。
端盖11背离电池单体6的电极组件20的一侧设有第一凹部111、第一凸部112和第二凹部118。第一凸部112凸出于第一凹部111的底面111b和第二凹部118的底面118b，第一凹部111和第二凹部118分别位于第一凸部112的两侧。
端盖11面向电极组件20的一侧设有第三凹部115，第三凹部115形成于端盖11的与第一凸部112相对应的位置。
第一电极端子12穿过第一凸部112的靠近第一凹部111的侧壁，且第一电极端子12的一部分容纳于第一凹部111，一部分容纳于第三凹部115。第二电极端子13穿过第一凸部112的靠近第二凹部118的侧壁，且第二电极端子13的一部分容纳于第二凹部118，一部分容纳于第三凹部115。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (36)

  1. 一种电池单体的端盖组件，包括：
    端盖，所述端盖背离电池单体的电极组件的一侧设有第一凹部；以及
    第一电极端子，设置于所述端盖，所述第一电极端子的至少部分容纳于所述第一凹部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖包括凸出于所述第一凹部的底面的第一凸部，所述第一电极端子连接于所述第一凸部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖还包括凸出于所述第一凹部的底面的第二凸部，所述第一凹部位于所述第一凸部和所述第二凸部之间；
    所述端盖组件还包括连接于所述第二凸部的第二电极端子，所述第二电极端子的至少部分容纳于所述第一凹部。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖背离所述电极组件的一侧还设有第二凹部，所述第一凸部凸出于所述第二凹部的底面，所述第一凹部和所述第二凹部分别位于所述第一凸部的两侧；
    所述端盖组件还包括连接于所述第一凸部的第二电极端子，所述第二电极端子的至少部分容纳于所述第二凹部。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一凹部和所述第二凹部沿第一方向设置；
    所述第一凹部沿所述第一方向的尺寸为L1，所述端盖沿所述第一方向的尺寸为L2，L1/L2为0.1-0.3。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，在所述端盖的厚度方向上，所述第一凸部凸出于所述第一凹部的底面的尺寸为2mm-7mm。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖面向所述电极组件的一侧设有第三凹部，所述第三凹部形成于所述端盖的与所述第一凸部相对应的位置；
    所述第一电极端子的一部分容纳于所述第三凹部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖设有通孔，所述通孔从所述第一凹部的侧面延伸至所述第三凹部的侧面；
    所述第一电极端子穿过所述通孔。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的端盖组件，其中，
    所述第一凹部位于所述第一凸部沿第一方向的一侧；
    所述第一电极端子容纳于所述通孔的部分沿第二方向的尺寸为W1，所述端盖沿所述第二方向的尺寸为W2，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向和所述端盖的厚度方向；
    W1和W2满足：0.1≤W1/W2≤0.8。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的端盖组件，还包括第一绝缘件，所述第一绝缘件用于将所述第一电极端子与所述通孔的孔壁面绝缘隔离。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一绝缘件将所述第一电极端 子固定于所述端盖。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一绝缘件的至少部分位于所述第一电极端子与所述通孔的孔壁面之间，以密封所述通孔。
  13. 根据权利要求10-12任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一绝缘件的外周面设有容纳槽，所述端盖的一部分容纳于所述容纳槽。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的端盖组件，其中，所述容纳槽环绕所述第一电极端子一周。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的端盖组件，其中，所述容纳槽的深度为0.5mm-3mm。
  16. 根据权利要求10-15任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一电极端子设有熔断区；
    所述第一绝缘件包覆所述熔断区。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一电极端子设有多个所述熔断区，多个所述熔断区间隔设置。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一电极端子设有位于相邻的所述熔断区之间的熔断通孔，所述第一绝缘件包括容纳于所述熔断通孔内的绝缘柱。
  19. 根据权利要求10-18任一项所述的端盖组件，还包括绝缘板，所述绝缘板的至少部分位于所述第一凹部的底面和所述第一电极端子之间。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的端盖组件，其中，所述绝缘板连接所述第一凹部的底面和所述第一电极端子，和/或，所述绝缘板连接所述第一绝缘件。
  21. 根据权利要求7-20任一项所述的端盖组件，还包括第二绝缘件，所述第二绝缘件的至少部分容纳于所述第三凹部，以将所述第三凹部的底面与所述第一电极端子绝缘隔离。
  22. 根据权利要求3所述的端盖组件，其中，
    所述端盖面向所述电极组件的一侧设有第三凹部和第四凹部，所述第三凹部形成于所述端盖的与所述第一凸部相对应的位置，所述第四凹部形成于所述端盖的与所述第二凸部相对应的位置；
    所述第一电极端子的一部分容纳于所述第三凹部，所述第二电极端子穿过所述第二凸部的侧壁以使所述第二电极端子的一部分容纳于第四凹部。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的端盖组件，还包括第二绝缘件，所述第二绝缘件包括第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部，所述第一绝缘部容纳于所述第三凹部并将所述第三凹部的底面与所述第一电极端子绝缘隔离，所述第二绝缘部容纳于所述第四凹部并将所述第四凹部的底面与所述第二电极端子绝缘隔离。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第二绝缘件一体成型。
  25. 根据权利要求21、23或24所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第二绝缘件的容纳于所述第三凹部的部分包括多个加强筋。
  26. 根据权利要求1-25任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一凹部沿第二方向贯通所述端盖，所述第二方向垂直于所述端盖的厚度方向；
    在所述第二方向上，所述第一电极端子的位于所述端盖外侧的部分超出所述端盖。
  27. 根据权利要求1-26任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一电极端子为片状。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一电极端子的厚度方向平行于所述端盖的厚度方向。
  29. 根据权利要求1-28任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，沿所述端盖的厚度方向，所述第一电极端子不超出所述端盖的背离所述电极组件的外端面。
  30. 根据权利要求1-29任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述第一电极端子的位于所述端盖外侧的部分包括依次连接的第一部分、缓冲部以及第二部分，所述缓冲部用于在所述第一部分和所述第二部分相对移动时变形。
  31. 根据权利要求1-30任一项所述的端盖组件，其中，所述端盖设有注液孔；在所述端盖的厚度方向上，所述注液孔的投影与所述第一电极端子的投影不重叠。
  32. 根据权利要求1-31任一项所述的端盖组件，还包括设置于所述端盖的泄压机构；在所述端盖的厚度方向上，所述泄压机构的投影与所述第一电极端子的投影不重叠。
  33. 一种电池单体，包括：
    壳体，具有开口；
    电极组件，容纳于所述壳体内且包括第一极耳；以及
    根据权利要求1-32任一项所述的端盖组件，用于盖合所述开口，所述第一极耳电连接于所述第一电极端子。
  34. 一种电池，包括多个根据权利要求33所述的电池单体。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的电池，其中，
    所述端盖组件还包括设置于所述端盖的第二电极端子；
    多个所述电池单体包括相邻设置的第一电池单体和第二电池单体；在所述第一电池单体和所述第二电池单体的排列方向上，所述第一电池单体的所述第一电极端子超出所述第一电池单体的所述端盖并与所述第二电池单体的所述第一电极端子或所述第二电极端子重叠并连接。
  36. 一种用电装置，包括根据权利要求33所述的电池单体，所述电池单体用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/106462 2022-07-19 2022-07-19 电池单体的端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置 WO2024016158A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202280060936.6A CN117941134A (zh) 2022-07-19 2022-07-19 电池单体的端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置
PCT/CN2022/106462 WO2024016158A1 (zh) 2022-07-19 2022-07-19 电池单体的端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/106462 WO2024016158A1 (zh) 2022-07-19 2022-07-19 电池单体的端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024016158A1 true WO2024016158A1 (zh) 2024-01-25

Family

ID=89616742

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/106462 WO2024016158A1 (zh) 2022-07-19 2022-07-19 电池单体的端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117941134A (zh)
WO (1) WO2024016158A1 (zh)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002334685A (ja) * 2001-05-09 2002-11-22 Alps Electric Co Ltd 電池蓋体
JP4198773B2 (ja) * 1998-01-30 2008-12-17 株式会社ジーエス・ユアサコーポレーション 鉛蓄電池
CN110797478A (zh) * 2018-08-01 2020-02-14 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 二次电池
CN111370601A (zh) * 2020-04-14 2020-07-03 广东国光电子有限公司 锂离子电池
CN215869575U (zh) * 2021-05-31 2022-02-18 中创新航科技股份有限公司 电池盖板组件及电池
CN215989120U (zh) * 2021-07-29 2022-03-08 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 方形电池单体、电池及用电设备

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4198773B2 (ja) * 1998-01-30 2008-12-17 株式会社ジーエス・ユアサコーポレーション 鉛蓄電池
JP2002334685A (ja) * 2001-05-09 2002-11-22 Alps Electric Co Ltd 電池蓋体
CN110797478A (zh) * 2018-08-01 2020-02-14 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 二次电池
CN111370601A (zh) * 2020-04-14 2020-07-03 广东国光电子有限公司 锂离子电池
CN215869575U (zh) * 2021-05-31 2022-02-18 中创新航科技股份有限公司 电池盖板组件及电池
CN215989120U (zh) * 2021-07-29 2022-03-08 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 方形电池单体、电池及用电设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN117941134A (zh) 2024-04-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP2022543185A (ja) 電池、その関連装置、製造方法及び製造機器
CN114122635A (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备
CN112736363B (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电装置、制备电池单体的方法及设备
WO2023050835A1 (zh) 端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置
CN114175378B (zh) 电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和装置
WO2022006903A1 (zh) 电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和装置
WO2023137976A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
WO2023098258A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
WO2023050631A1 (zh) 端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置
US20220320677A1 (en) Battery cell and manufacturing method and system therefor, battery and electric device
WO2023025108A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
CN216389437U (zh) 集流构件、电池单体、电池及用电设备
EP4092818A1 (en) Battery box body, battery, electric device, method and apparatus for preparing box body
WO2022247292A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
WO2023133735A1 (zh) 电池、用电设备、制备电池的方法和设备
WO2022199152A1 (zh) 电极组件、电池单体、电池以及用电设备
WO2023044634A1 (zh) 电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和装置
CN115715438A (zh) 电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置
WO2022006896A1 (zh) 电池及其相关装置、制备方法和制备设备
WO2024032195A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池和用电装置
WO2023197905A1 (zh) 端盖组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备
WO2023025104A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
WO2023173429A1 (zh) 电池单体及其制造方法和制造设备、电池、用电设备
WO2024016158A1 (zh) 电池单体的端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置
KR20230110440A (ko) 배터리의 박스 본체, 배터리, 전기 장치, 배터리 제조 방법 및 장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22951436

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202280060936.6

Country of ref document: CN