WO2023197905A1 - 端盖组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备 - Google Patents

端盖组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023197905A1
WO2023197905A1 PCT/CN2023/086091 CN2023086091W WO2023197905A1 WO 2023197905 A1 WO2023197905 A1 WO 2023197905A1 CN 2023086091 W CN2023086091 W CN 2023086091W WO 2023197905 A1 WO2023197905 A1 WO 2023197905A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode terminal
battery
fixing member
fixing
end cap
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/086091
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈龙
林蹬华
郑于炼
王鹏
金海族
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023197905A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023197905A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543Terminals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to an end cap assembly, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an end cover assembly, a battery cell, a battery and electrical equipment, which can ensure the safety performance of the battery.
  • the present application provides an end cover assembly of a cell unit, including: an electrode terminal; a first fixing member that encloses a receiving space with openings at both ends in a first direction, at least Part of the electrode terminal is accommodated in the accommodation space, and a first insulating layer is provided on the surface of the first fixing part facing the accommodation space; a second fixing part is connected to the electrode terminal At least part of the surface of the first fixing part facing the first fixing part and the first fixing part; an end cover plate, the first end of the first fixing part in the first direction and the end cover plate Fixed connection to fix the electrode terminal to the end cover plate.
  • the electrode terminal and the first fixing part overlap due to problems such as mold aging or assembly deviation, they will be separated by the first insulating layer.
  • no electrical connection can be made, thereby avoiding short circuit problems on the end caps and ensuring the safety performance of the battery cells.
  • a surface of the electrode terminal connected to the second fixing member is provided with a second insulating layer.
  • the second insulating layer is provided on the electrode terminal, which can further improve the insulation performance between the two, so that the two will not be damaged due to problems such as mold aging or assembly deviation. In the case of overlapping, short circuit problems on the end caps can be avoided and the safety performance of the battery cells can be ensured.
  • the first end of the first fixing member is provided with a connecting portion, and the connecting portion is perpendicular to the first direction and connected to the end cover plate.
  • the provision of the connecting part can increase the contact area between the first fixing part and the end cover plate, so that the first fixing part can be placed on the end cover plate more stably, which facilitates the fixed connection between the first fixing part and the end cover plate.
  • the connecting portion is welded to the end cover plate.
  • the first fixing part and the end cover plate can be fixedly connected, and at the same time, the second fixing part and the electrode terminal can be fixed on the end cover plate, so that the electrode terminal is not easy to fall off from the end cover plate, ensuring that the battery cells are safety performance.
  • the first fixing member is provided with a platform portion at a second end in the first direction, and the platform portion is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the platform part can play a better role in fixing the connection between the first fixing part, the second fixing part and the electrode terminal, making it difficult for the three to separate, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • a surface of the electrode terminal connected to the second fixing member has a step structure, and at least part of the platform portion is disposed in a space formed by the step structure.
  • the step structure can cooperate with the platform part and be connected through the second fixing member.
  • the three When subjected to external force, the three provide a fixed connection structure with each other, making it difficult for the three to separate and ensuring the safety performance of the battery cells.
  • the first fixing member includes a main body portion, the main body portion is disposed between the connecting portion and the platform portion, and the main body portion is used to connect the connecting portion and the platform portion. , and together form the accommodation space.
  • the main body part can be combined with the connecting part and the platform part to form a ring structure to provide accommodating space for the electrode terminal, and the electrode terminal is fixed to the end cover plate through the second fixing member, so that the electrode terminal is not easy to fall off from the end cover plate, ensuring Safety performance of battery cells.
  • the diameter of the main body portion gradually decreases in a direction away from the interior of the battery cell.
  • This design can make the transition between the main part connected to the connecting part and the part connected to the platform part smoother, and is also conducive to the preparation of the first fixing part in the production process.
  • the first insulating layer is provided on the surface of the first fixing member.
  • the first fixing member is provided with at least one first through hole, the first through hole penetrates the wall of the first fixing member, and the second fixing member fills the first through hole. hole.
  • the first through hole can not only limit the position of the first fixing part when using the mold, but also allow the first fixing part and the second fixing part to form a fixed connection structure to ensure the stability of the connection between the two and avoid external forces. Separate under action, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the battery cells.
  • At least one groove is provided on a surface of the electrode terminal connected to the second fixing part, and the second fixing part fills the groove.
  • the setting of the groove can not only limit the position of the electrode terminal, but also form a fixed connection structure between the electrode terminal and the second fixing member, strengthen the stability of the connection between the two, and avoid separation under the action of external force, thereby ensuring Safety performance of battery cells.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, including: a housing having a first opening for accommodating an electrode assembly; and the end cap assembly in the above embodiment for covering the first opening.
  • this application provides a battery, including: the battery in the above embodiment Cell; box body, the box body is used to accommodate the battery cell.
  • the present application provides an electrical device, including: the battery in the above embodiment, the battery being used to provide electrical energy for the electrical device.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cover assembly of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first fixing member provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic bottom structural view of the first fixing member provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of plane A-A in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode terminal provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a top structural schematic diagram of the end cover assembly in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of plane B-B in Figure 10;
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of part M in FIG. 11 .
  • the reference numbers in the specific implementation are as follows: 1-vehicle, 10-battery, 20-battery cell, 30-controller, 40-motor; 11-box 11, 111-first part, 112-second part, 200-battery module; 21-electrode terminal, 211-second insulation layer, 212-groove, 22-first fixing piece, 221-accommodating space, 222-first insulation layer, 223-first through hole, 224-connection part, 225-main part, 226-platform part, 23-second fixing part, 24-end cover plate; 31-electrode assembly, 32-casing 32 and 33-end cover. 34-battery box, 35-connecting member, 311a-the first pole, 312a-the second pole, 332-pressure relief mechanism; Y - first direction.
  • the battery cells may include lithium ion secondary batteries, lithium ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries or magnesium ion batteries, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical batteries Cells, prismatic battery cells and soft-pack battery cells are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the positive electrode current collector that is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector that is coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector without the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector that is coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • Fluid, the negative electrode current collector that is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film can be polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (polyethylene, PE).
  • the electrode assembly may have a rolled structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the battery may include multiple battery cells, wherein the multiple battery cells may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection.
  • Hybrid connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel connection.
  • multiple battery cells can be first connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery.
  • multiple battery cells can directly form a battery, or they can first form a battery module, and then the battery module can form a battery.
  • the battery is further installed in the electrical equipment to provide electrical energy to the electrical equipment.
  • a battery usually includes multiple battery cells, and the electrical connection between the multiple battery cells is often realized through a bus component inside the battery, such as parallel connection, series connection, or mixed connection.
  • the bus component can realize electrical connection between the battery cells by connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells.
  • the electrode terminal is also electrically connected to the electrode assembly of the battery cell to output the electric energy of the battery cell.
  • the electrode terminals may overlap with the metal fixing parts, and the electrode terminals may overlap with the metal fixing parts. If the fixing piece is connected to the end cover, the positive and negative poles of the battery cells will be short-circuited, causing great safety hazards to the use of the battery.
  • the present application provides an end cap assembly.
  • the electrode terminals on the end cap assembly are accommodated in the accommodation space enclosed by the first fixing part and are connected to the first fixing part through the second fixing part.
  • the first fixing part The fixing piece is used to connect with the end cover plate, and its surface facing the accommodation space is provided with an insulating layer.
  • Power-consuming devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • the embodiments of this application impose no special restrictions on the above electrical equipment.
  • the following embodiments take the electrical equipment as a vehicle as an example.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle.
  • the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or a new energy vehicle. Extended range vehicles, etc.
  • the interior of vehicle 1 can be equipped with horses
  • the controller 30 and the battery 10 are used.
  • the controller 30 is used to control the battery 10 to provide power to the motor 40.
  • the battery 10 may be disposed at the bottom, front or rear of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can be used to supply power to the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 and used in the circuit system of the vehicle 1 , for example, to meet the power requirements for starting, navigation, and operation of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 , but also can be used as a driving power source of the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery may include multiple battery cells, wherein the multiple battery cells may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection.
  • Hybrid connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel connection.
  • Batteries may also be called battery packs.
  • multiple battery cells can be first connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery.
  • multiple battery cells can directly form a battery, or they can first form a battery module, and then the battery module can form a battery.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery 10 may include at least one battery module 200 .
  • the battery module 200 includes a plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the battery 10 may also include a box 11.
  • the inside of the box 11 is a hollow structure, and a plurality of battery cells 20 are accommodated in the box 11.
  • Figure 2 shows a possible implementation of the box 11 in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the box 11 may include two parts, here respectively referred to as the first part 111 and the second part 112. The first part 111 and the second part 112 are fastened together.
  • the shapes of the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be determined according to the combined shape of the battery module 200 , and at least one of the first part 111 and the second part 112 has an opening.
  • both the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be hollow rectangular parallelepipeds and each has only one open surface.
  • the opening of the first part 111 and the opening of the second part 112 are arranged oppositely, and the opening of the first part 111
  • the second part 112 and the second part 112 are interlocked to form the box 11 with a closed cavity.
  • first part 111 and the second part 112 may be a hollow rectangular parallelepiped with an opening, and the other may be plate-shaped to cover the opening.
  • the second part 112 is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped with only one open surface, and the first part 111 is plate-shaped. Then the first part 111 is covered at the opening of the second part 112 to form a box with a closed chamber. 11.
  • the chamber can be used to accommodate multiple battery cells 20 . Multiple battery cells 20 are connected in parallel or in series or in mixed combination and then placed in the box 11 formed after the first part 111 and the second part 112 are fastened together.
  • the battery 10 may also include other structures, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the battery 10 may further include a bus component, which is used to realize electrical connection between multiple battery cells 20 , such as parallel connection, series connection, or mixed connection.
  • the bus component can realize electrical connection between the battery cells 20 by connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells 20 .
  • the bus part may be fixed to the electrode terminal of the battery cell 20 by welding. The electric energy of the plurality of battery cells 20 can be further drawn out through the box 11 through the conductive mechanism.
  • the number of battery cells 20 in the battery module 200 can be set to any value. Multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, parallel or mixed connection to achieve larger capacity or power. Since the number of battery cells 20 included in each battery 10 may be large, in order to facilitate installation, the battery cells 20 are arranged in groups, and each group of battery cells 20 forms a battery module 200 . The number of battery cells 20 included in the battery module 200 is not limited and can be set according to requirements.
  • the battery 10 may include multiple battery modules 200, and the battery modules 200 may be connected in series, parallel or mixed connection.
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 20 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 includes one or more electrode assemblies 31 , a casing 32 and an end cover 33 .
  • Housing 32 and end cap 33 form a housing or battery compartment 34 .
  • the housing 32 is a component used to accommodate the electrode assembly 31.
  • the housing 32 may be a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end, or the housing 32 may be a hollow structure with openings formed at two opposite ends. If the housing 32 is a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end, the number of end caps 33 can be provided; if the housing 32 is a hollow structure with openings formed at opposite ends, the number of end caps 33 can be provided, and the two end caps can be provided. 33 respectively cover the openings at both ends of the housing 32 .
  • the housing 32 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • the housing 32 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, rectangular parallelepiped, etc.
  • the housing 32 is determined according to the combined shape of one or more electrode assemblies 31.
  • the housing 32 can be a hollow rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, or a cylinder, and one surface of the housing 32 has an opening to accommodate one or more electrodes.
  • Component 31 may be placed within housing 32 .
  • one of the planes of the housing 32 is an opening surface, that is, the plane There is no wall so that the inside and outside of the housing 32 are connected.
  • the housing 32 can be a hollow cylinder
  • the end surface of the housing 32 is an open surface, that is, the end surface does not have a wall so that the inside and outside of the housing 32 are connected.
  • the end cap 33 covers the opening and is connected with the housing 32 to form a closed cavity in which the electrode assembly 31 is placed.
  • the housing 32 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the housing 32 is a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end.
  • the wall of the casing 32 and the end cover 33 are both called the wall of the battery cell 20 .
  • the wall of the casing 32 includes a bottom wall and four side walls.
  • the housing 32 is filled with electrolyte, such as electrolyte solution.
  • the end cap 33 is a component that covers the opening of the case 32 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cover 33 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 32. As shown in FIG. 3, the housing 32 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the end cover 33 has a rectangular plate structure matching the housing 32.
  • the end cap 33 can also be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc. The material of the end cap 33 and the housing 32 can be the same or different.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include two electrode terminals 331 , and the two electrode terminals 331 may be disposed on the end cover 33 .
  • Two electrode terminals 331 are fixed on the plane where the end cap 33 is located, and the two electrode terminals 331 are the positive electrode terminal 331a and the negative electrode terminal 331b respectively.
  • Each electrode terminal 331 is provided with a corresponding connecting member 35 , which may also be called a current collecting member. It is located between the end cover 33 and the electrode assembly 31 and is used to electrically connect the electrode assembly 31 and the electrode terminal 331 .
  • the electrode assembly 31 is a component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • the electrode assembly 31 can be a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, etc. If the electrode assembly 31 has a cylindrical structure, the housing 32 can also have a cylindrical structure. If the electrode assembly 31 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the housing 32 can also have a rectangular parallelepiped structure. As shown in FIG. 3 , each electrode assembly 31 has a first tab 311a and a second tab 312a. The polarities of the first tab 311a and the second tab 312a are opposite. For example, when the first tab 311a is a positive tab, the second tab 312a is a negative tab.
  • the positive electrode tabs may be formed by stacking the portions of the positive electrode sheets that are not coated with the positive electrode active material layer
  • the negative electrode tabs may be formed by stacking the portions of the negative electrode sheets that are not coated with the negative electrode active material layers.
  • the first tab 311a of one or more electrode assemblies 31 is connected to one electrode terminal through one connecting member 35
  • the second tab 312a of one or more electrode assemblies 31 is connected to another electrode terminal through another connecting member 35.
  • the positive electrode terminal 331a is connected to the positive electrode tab through one connecting member 35
  • the negative electrode terminal 331b is connected to the negative electrode tab through another connecting member 35.
  • the battery cell 20 there may be one electrode assembly 31 in the case 32 , or there may be multiple electrode assemblies 31 .
  • there may be one electrode assembly 31 in the case 32 or there may be multiple electrode assemblies 31 .
  • four independent electrode assemblies 31 are provided in the battery cell 20 .
  • a pressure relief mechanism 332 may also be provided on the battery cell 20 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 332 is used to be activated to relieve the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 332 may have various possible pressure relief structures, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 332 may be a temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism configured to melt when the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 332 reaches a threshold; and/or the pressure relief mechanism 332 may be a pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism configured to rupture when the internal air pressure of the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 332 reaches a threshold value.
  • the battery cell 20 shown in FIG. 3 is only an example. In actual production, the shape of the battery cell 20 can be changed according to different requirements.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an end cap assembly, which can be applied to the end cap 33 of Figure 3 .
  • the end cover assembly may include an electrode terminal 21 , a first fixing part 22 , a second fixing part 23 and an end cover plate 24 .
  • the first fixing member 22 encloses an accommodating space 221 that is open at both ends in the first direction Y. At least part of the electrode terminal 21 is accommodated in the accommodating space 221.
  • the surface of the first fixing member 22 facing the accommodating space 221 is provided with a first Insulating layer 222.
  • the second fixing part 23 connects at least part of the surface of the electrode terminal 21 facing the first fixing part 22 and the first fixing part 22 .
  • the first end of the first fixing member 22 in the first direction Y is fixedly connected to the end cover plate 24 to fix the electrode terminal 21 to the end cover plate 24 .
  • the first fixing member 22 has an annular structure as a whole, and the annular structure can enclose a certain accommodation space 221 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first fixing member 22 .
  • the accommodation space 221 has openings at both ends in the first direction Y.
  • the electrode terminal 21 can be placed in the accommodation space 221 through the openings at both ends.
  • the first direction Y can be perpendicular to the end cover plate 24 . Only part of the electrode terminal 21 may be accommodated in the accommodation space 221 , while other parts may be accommodated in a space beyond the accommodation space 221 through openings at both ends.
  • the second fixing part 23 is a component that fixedly connects the electrode terminal 21 and the first fixing part 22 .
  • the second fixing part 23 may be made of plastic, and the electrode terminal 21 and the first fixing part 22 may be connected by injection molding. Specifically, when assembling the end cap assembly, you can First, use a mold to place the electrode terminal 21 and the first fixing part 22 at a preset position on the mold, and then injection mold the gap between the electrode terminal 21 and the first fixing part 22. After the injection molded part is solidified, the second fixing part 23 is formed. Then the second fixing part 23 can fixedly connect the electrode terminal 21 and the first fixing part 22 .
  • the first fixing part 22 is fixedly connected to the end cover plate 24. After the first fixing part 22, the second fixing part 23 and the electrode terminal 21 have been formed into a fixedly connected whole through the mold, the first fixing part 22 can be connected to the end cover plate 24 through the mold.
  • the fixed connection of the cover plate 24 makes the electrode terminal 21 and the second fixing part 23 also fixedly connected with the end cover plate 24 .
  • the part of the first fixing part 22 fixedly connected to the end cover 24 may be the first fixing part 22 in the first direction.
  • the first fixing member 22 can be made of metal and is disposed at a reserved position on the end cover 24 , with the first end in contact with the end cover 24 , and at the first end.
  • the first fixing part 22 is fixedly connected to the end cover plate 24 by welding at the edge.
  • the electrode terminal 21 When the electrode terminal 21 is accommodated in the accommodating space 221 , it usually does not contact the first fixing member 22 to prevent the electrode terminal 21 from being connected to the end cover 24 , causing the electric energy generated by the electrode assembly inside the battery cell 20 to be output by the electrode terminal 21 , through the end cover plate 24 and the electrode terminal 21 of the opposite electrode, a short circuit problem occurs. However, due to problems such as mold aging or assembly deviation, there is still a risk that the electrode terminal 21 comes into contact with the first fixing member 22 . Therefore, the first insulating layer 222 is provided on the first fixing member 22 in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first insulating layer 222 is disposed on the surface of the first fixing member 22 facing the accommodating space 221. Since the electrode terminal 21 is accommodated in the accommodating space 221, the surface of the first fixing member 22 facing the accommodating space 221 is also the easiest to contact with the electrode terminal. 21Contact surface. Providing the first insulating layer 222 on the surface can prevent conduction between the electrode terminal 21 and the first fixing member 22 .
  • the first insulating layer 222 provided on the first fixing member 22 can be seen with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic bottom view of the first fixing member 22 shown in FIG. 5
  • FIG. 7 is the A-A plane in FIG. 6 schematic cross-section diagram.
  • the shaded portions are provided with the first insulating layer 222 .
  • the shaded portions and bolded portions are provided with the first insulating layer 222 .
  • the first insulating layer 222 can be an insulating material sprayed on the surface of the first fixing part 22, such as Teflon, insulating paint, etc.; it can also be an insulating material pasted on the surface of the first fixing part 22, for example Such as blue glue, etc.; it can also be an insulating layer formed by oxidation treatment, such as conventional oxidation treatment, anodizing treatment, etc.
  • first insulating layer 222 By providing the first insulating layer 222 on the surface of the first fixing part 22 facing the accommodation space 221, even if the electrode terminal 21 and the first fixing part 22 overlap due to problems such as mold aging or assembly deviation, the two will be protected by the second insulating layer 222.
  • An insulating layer 222 separates and prevents electrical connection, thereby avoiding short circuit problems on the end caps and ensuring the safety performance of the battery cells 20 .
  • the surface of the electrode terminal 21 connected to the second fixing member 23 is provided with a second insulating layer 211 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrode terminal 21 , in which the shaded portion is the portion where the second insulating layer 211 is provided on the electrode terminal 21 .
  • the electrode terminal 21 is not directly connected to the first fixing part 22 under ideal conditions, but is indirectly connected to the first fixing part 22 through the second fixing part 23.
  • the second fixing part 23 is connected to the first fixing part 23. There can also be a certain insulation effect between the component 22 and the electrode terminal 21.
  • the second insulating layer 211 is provided on the surface of the electrode terminal 21 connected to the second fixing member 23, so that the second insulating layer 211 can be insulated.
  • the layer 211 serves the same insulating function as the second fastener 23 .
  • the second insulating layer 211 is provided on the electrode terminal 21 , which can further improve the insulation performance between the two, so that the two will not be damaged due to mold aging or assembly deviation. In the case of overlapping due to migration or other problems, short circuit problems on the end caps can be avoided and the safety performance of the battery cells 20 can be ensured.
  • the first end of the first fixing member 22 is provided with a connecting portion 224 , and the connecting portion 224 is perpendicular to the first direction Y and connected to the end cover 24 .
  • the first end is the part of the first fixing member 22 that is connected to the end cover plate 24.
  • a connecting portion 224 is provided at the first end.
  • the connecting part 224 is perpendicular to the first direction Y, or in other words, the connecting part 224 is parallel to the end cover plate 24, so that the first fixing part 22 can be placed on the end cover plate 24 relatively stably for subsequent fixed connection between the two. deal with.
  • the provision of the connecting portion 224 can increase the contact area between the first fixing part 22 and the end cover plate 24, so that the first fixing part 22 can be placed on the end cover plate 24 more stably, which helps the first fixing part 22 to be placed on the end cover plate 24 more stably.
  • the fixed component 22 is fixedly connected to the end cover plate 24 .
  • the connecting portion 224 is welded to the end cover plate 24 .
  • the connecting part 224 and the end cover plate 24 can be welded, so that the first fixing part 22 and the end cover plate 24 can be fixedly connected.
  • the connecting portion 224 provides a welding space for welding between the connecting portion 224 and the end cover plate 24 .
  • the connecting portion 224 can be connected to the end cover plate 24 at an end perpendicular to the first direction Y and away from the accommodating space 221 . welding.
  • the first fixing part 22 and the end cover plate 24 can be fixedly connected.
  • the second fixing part 23 and the electrode terminal 21 can be fixed on the end cover plate 24, so that the electrode terminal 21 is not easily removed from the end cover plate 24. It falls off to ensure the safety performance of the battery cell 20 .
  • the first fixing member 22 is provided with a platform portion 226 at the second end in the first direction Y, and the platform portion 226 is perpendicular to the first direction Y.
  • the second end is the end of the first fixing member 22 away from the inside of the battery cell 20 in the first direction Y.
  • the platform portion 226 is perpendicular to the first direction Y. In a possible implementation, the platform portion 226 can be parallel to the connection Department 224.
  • the platform portion 226 can fix the second fixing member 23 and the electrode terminal 21 in the first direction Y. When the electrode terminal 21 or the second fixing member 23 receives a force in the first direction Y, it can be blocked by the platform portion 226 And will not be easily separated under the action of force.
  • the platform part 226 can better fix the connection between the first fixing part 22 , the second fixing part 23 and the electrode terminal 21 , making it difficult for the three to separate, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the battery cell 20 .
  • the surface of the electrode terminal 21 connected to the second fixing member 23 has a step structure, and at least part of the platform portion 226 is disposed in the space formed by the step structure.
  • the step structure is provided on the surface of the electrode terminal 21 connected to the second fixing member 23 , and this surface can also be regarded as a part of the side surface of the electrode terminal 21 .
  • the step structure can form a certain space, and in one embodiment of the present application, the space can accommodate at least part of the platform portion 226 of the first fixing member 22 .
  • a certain gap between the platform portion 226 and the electrode terminal 21 should be maintained as much as possible. That is, the platform portion 226 does not need to be connected to the step structure.
  • Surfaces parallel to the first direction Y and surfaces perpendicular to the first direction Y in the structure are in contact.
  • the first insulating layer 222 is provided on the surface of the first fixing member 22 facing the electrode terminal 21. Therefore, even if the platform portion 226 overlaps the electrode terminal 21, the first insulating layer 222 can This prevents the two from being electrically connected, thereby preventing the battery cell 20 from being short-circuited.
  • a second insulating layer 211 may be provided on the surface of the electrode terminal 21 connected to the second fixing member 23 to further prevent short circuit of the battery cell 20 .
  • the thickened portions of the first fixing part 22 and the second fixing part 23 in FIG. 12 are the parts provided with the insulating layer.
  • the step structure can cooperate with the platform portion 226 and be connected through the second fixing member 23.
  • the three When subjected to external force, the three provide a fixed connection structure with each other, making it difficult for the three to separate and ensuring the safety performance of the battery cell 20.
  • the first fixing member 22 includes a main body portion 225 disposed between the connecting portion 224 and the platform portion 226, and the main body portion 225 is used to connect the connecting portion 224 and the platform portion. 226, and together form an accommodation space 221.
  • the connecting part 224 and the platform part 226 are both perpendicular to the first direction Y, and they can be regarded as two parts that are generally parallel to each other.
  • the main part 225 is the part of the first fixing member 22 that connects the connecting part 224 and the platform part 226 .
  • the main body part 225 , the connecting part 224 and the platform part 226 together form the annular first fixing part 22 , and the enclosed part is the accommodation space 221 .
  • the main body part 225 may be parallel to the first direction Y, or may be at a certain angle with the first direction Y.
  • the main body part 225 can be combined with the connecting part 224 and the platform part 226 to form an annular structure to provide a receiving space 221 for the electrode terminal 21 , and the electrode terminal 21 is fixed on the end cover 24 through the second fixing part 23 so that the electrode terminal 21 It is not easy to fall off from the end cover plate 24, ensuring the safety performance of the battery cell 20.
  • the diameter of the main body portion 225 gradually decreases in a direction away from the inside of the battery cell 20 .
  • the main body portion 225 of the first fixing member 22 has an annular structure and has a uniform thickness.
  • the diameter of the annular structure gradually decreases in the first direction Y away from the interior of the battery cell 20 .
  • the enclosed part may be in the shape of a truncated cone, and the cross section of the main part 225 may be in a certain angle with the first direction Y. horn.
  • This design can make the part connecting the main part 225 and the connecting part 224 and the flat part
  • the transition between the connecting parts of the platform portion 226 is smoother, and it is also beneficial to the preparation of the first fixing member 22 in terms of production technology.
  • the first insulating layer 222 is provided on the surface of the first fixing member 22 .
  • a first insulating layer 222 can be provided on the surface of the first fixing member 22 to avoid the short circuit problem caused by charge being transferred to the electrode terminal 21 via the first fixing member 22 as much as possible.
  • the first insulating layer 222 on the surface of the first fixing part 22, when the first fixing part 22 is produced, the outer surface of the first fixing part 22 is uniformly insulated, and then the first fixing part 22 is assembled according to the assembly steps. Assemble to end cap. It should be understood that the first insulating layer 222 may be the portion of the insulating layer that can remain after the first fastener 22 is assembled to the end cap.
  • At least one first through hole 223 is provided on the first fixing member 22 , the first through hole 223 penetrates the wall of the first fixing member 22 , and the second fixing member 23 fills the first through hole 223 .
  • first through hole 223 is shown with a dotted line, and this portion is actually filled with the second fixing member 23 .
  • At least one first through hole 223 may be located in the main body portion 225 of the first fixing member 22 , and a plurality of first through holes 223 may be distributed and arranged at equal intervals on a plane perpendicular to the first direction Y.
  • the first through hole 223 can be used to position the first fixing member 22 on the mold, that is, the first fixing member 22 is placed at a preset position of the mold and fixed through the first through hole 223 to avoid the first fixing.
  • the member 22 is rocked in the mold to overlap the electrode terminal 21 .
  • the first through hole 223 can also be used to strengthen the connection between the first fixing part 22 and the second fixing part 23 .
  • the gap at the first through hole 223 will be filled at the same time. After solidification, the first fixing part 22 will be stuck by the second fixing part 23 at the first through hole 223, so that it will not be separated from the second fixing part 23 due to external force, thereby strengthening the fixed connection between the two.
  • the first through hole 223 can not only limit the position of the first fixing part 22 when using the mold, but also allow the first fixing part 22 and the second fixing part 23 to form a fixed connection structure to ensure the stability of the connection between the two. , to avoid separation under the action of external force, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the battery cells 20 .
  • the two fixing members 23 fill the groove 212 .
  • the groove 212 on the electrode terminal 21 has a similar function to the first through hole 223 on the first fixing part 22. It can not only position the electrode terminal 21 when using the mold, but also can be connected with the second fixing part 23 after it is solidified and formed.
  • the second fixing parts 23 form a mutually blocking structure to strengthen the fixed connection between the electrode terminal 21 and the second fixing part 23 to prevent the two from being separated due to external force.
  • the groove 212 may be provided on the surface of the electrode terminal 21 connected to the second fixing member 23 , and the surface may also be a side surface of the electrode terminal 21 .
  • at least one groove 212 may be Disposed on the side of the electrode terminal 21 closer to the end cap, the plurality of grooves 212 may be distributed and arranged at equal intervals on a plane perpendicular to the first direction Y. Since the surface where the electrode terminal 21 is connected to the second fixing part 23 is also a part facing the first fixing part 22, the surface formed by the groove 212 also needs to be provided with a second insulating layer 211 to prevent the surface of the groove 212 from overlapping with other metals. And cause short circuit problem.
  • the arrangement of the groove 212 can not only limit the position of the electrode terminal 21, but also form a fixed connection structure between the electrode terminal 21 and the second fixing member 23, thereby enhancing the stability of the connection between the two and preventing the electrode terminal 21 from being affected by external forces. separation, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the battery cell 20 .
  • the present application also provides a battery cell 20, including a case 32 and the end cap assembly in the above embodiment.
  • the housing 32 has a first opening for receiving the electrode assembly, and the end cap assembly is used for covering the first opening.
  • the casing 32 may have one first opening, or may have two first openings.
  • the battery cell 20 corresponds to having two end cap assemblies in the above embodiment, And each end cap assembly is provided with at least one electrode terminal 21.
  • the present application also provides a battery, including the battery cells 20 in the above embodiments and a box 11 , and the box 11 is used to accommodate the battery cells 20 .
  • the present application also provides an electrical device, including the battery 10 in the above embodiment.
  • the battery 10 is used to provide electrical energy for the electrical device.

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  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备,其中端盖组件包括:电极端子;第一固定件,所述第一固定件围合形成在第一方向上两端开口的容纳空间,至少部分所述电极端子容纳于所述容纳空间中,所述第一固定件的朝向所述容纳空间的表面设置有第一绝缘层;第二固定件,所述第二固定件连接所述电极端子的朝向所述第一固定件的至少部分表面和所述第一固定件;端盖板,所述第一固定件在所述第一方向上的第一端与所述端盖板固定连接,以将所述电极端子固定于所述端盖板。通过设置第一绝缘层,可以避免电极端子与第一固定件的搭接而导致的短路问题,保证电池单体的安全性能。

Description

端盖组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备
本申请要求于2022年04月11日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202220827050.7、申请名称为“端盖组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域,并且更具体地,涉及一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键。在这种情况下,电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言,电池技术是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
随着电池技术的发展,电池的各种性能都在不断提高,其中,电池的安全性能尤为重要。如果电池的安全性能不能保证,那该电池就无法使用。因此,如何保证电池的安全性能,是电池技术中一个亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备,能够保证电池的安全性能。
第一方面,本申请提供了一种池单体的端盖组件,包括:电极端子;第一固定件,所述第一固定件围合形成在第一方向上两端开口的容纳空间,至少部分所述电极端子容纳于所述容纳空间中,所述第一固定件的朝向所述容纳空间的表面设置有第一绝缘层;第二固定件,所述第二固定件连接所述电极端子的朝向所述第一固定件的至少部分表面和所述第一固定件;端盖板,所述第一固定件在所述第一方向上的第一端与所述端盖板 固定连接,以将所述电极端子固定于所述端盖板。
通过在第一固定件的朝向容纳空间的表面设置第一绝缘层,电极端子与第一固定件即使由于模具老化或装配偏移等问题而搭接,两者也会被第一绝缘层隔开而无法产生电连接,从而避免在端盖上产生短路问题,保证电池单体的安全性能。
在一些实施例中,所述电极端子的与所述第二固定件连接的表面设置有第二绝缘层。
在第一固定件设置有第一绝缘层的基础上,在电极端子上设置第二绝缘层,可以进一步提高两者之间的绝缘性能,使得两者在由于模具老化或装配偏移等问题而搭接的情况下,可以避免在端盖上产生短路问题,保证电池单体的安全性能。
在一些实施例中,所述第一固定件的所述第一端设置有连接部,所述连接部垂直于所述第一方向,与所述端盖板连接。
连接部的设置能够增加第一固定件与端盖板的接触面积,使得第一固定件能够较为稳定地放置于端盖板上,有助于第一固定件与端盖板的固定连接。
在一些实施例中,所述连接部与所述端盖板焊接。
这样可以使得第一固定件与端盖板之间能够固定连接,同时也能够将第二固定件和电极端子固定在端盖板上,使得电极端子不易从端盖板上脱落,保证电池单体的安全性能。
在一些实施例中,所述第一固定件在所述第一方向上的第二端设置有平台部,所述平台部垂直于所述第一方向。
平台部能够为第一固定件、第二固定件和电极端子的连接起到较好的固定作用,使得三者不易分离,从而保证电池单体的安全性能。
在一些实施例中,所述电极端子的与所述第二固定件连接的表面具有台阶结构,所述平台部的至少部分设置于所述台阶结构形成的空间内。
台阶结构可以与平台部相互配合,并通过第二固定件连接,在受到外力作用时,三者互相提供固定连接的结构,使得三者不易分离,保证电池单体的安全性能。
在一些实施例中,所述第一固定件包括主体部,所述主体部设置于所述连接部和所述平台部之间,所述主体部用于连接所述连接部和所述平台部,并共同围合形成所述容纳空间。
主体部可以结合连接部和平台部共同形成环状结构,为电极端子提供容纳空间,并通过第二固定件将电极端子固定于端盖板上,使得电极端子不易从端盖板上脱落,保证电池单体的安全性能。
在一些实施例中,沿第一方向,所述主体部的直径在远离电池单体内部的方向上逐渐减小。
这种设计可以使得主体部与连接部连接的部分以及与平台部连接的部分过渡更加平滑,同时在生产工艺上也有利于第一固定件的制备。
在一些实施例中,所述第一固定件的表面均设置有所述第一绝缘层。
这样可以便于第一固定件上对第一绝缘层的加工,也能够尽可能地避免第一固定件与电极端子之间的短路,保证电池单体的安全性能。
在一些实施例中,所述第一固定件上设置有至少一个第一通孔,所述第一通孔贯穿所述第一固定件的壁,所述第二固定件填充所述第一通孔。
第一通孔既可以在使用模具时对第一固定件进行限位,也可以使得第一固定件与第二固定件形成固定连接的结构,保证两者之间连接的稳固性,避免在外力作用下分离,从而保证电池单体的安全性能。
在一些实施例中,所述电极端子的与所述第二固定件连接的表面上设置有至少一个凹槽,所述第二固定件填充所述凹槽。
凹槽的设置既可以对电极端子起到限位作用,也可以使得电极端子与第二固定件形成固定连接的结构,加强两者之间连接的稳固性,避免在外力作用下分离,从而保证电池单体的安全性能。
第二方面,本申请提供了一种电池单体,包括:壳体,具有第一开口,用于容纳电极组件;上述实施例中的端盖组件,用于盖合所述第一开口。
第三方面,本申请提供了一种电池,包括:上述实施例中的电池 单体;箱体,所述箱体用于容纳所述电池单体。
第四方面,本申请提供了一种用电设备,包括:上述实施例中的电池,所述电池用于为所述用电设备提供电能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图;
图2是本申请一些实施例提供的电池的分解结构示意图;
图3是本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的结构示意图;
图4是本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的端盖组件的结构示意图;
图5是本申请一些实施例提供的第一固定件的结构示意图;
图6是本申请一些实施例提供的第一固定件的仰视结构示意图;
图7是图6中A-A面的剖面示意图;
图8是本申请一些实施例提供的电极端子的结构示意图;
图9是本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件的结构示意图;
图10是图9中端盖组件的俯视结构示意图;
图11是图10中B-B面的剖面示意图;
图12是图11中M部分的放大结构示意图。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下:
1-车辆,10-电池,20-电池单体,30-控制器,40-马达;
11-箱体11,111-第一部分,112-第二部分,200-电池模块;
21-电极端子,211-第二绝缘层,212-凹槽,22-第一固定件,
221-容纳空间,222-第一绝缘层,223-第一通孔,224-连接部,225-主体部,226-平台部,23-第二固定件,24-端盖板;
31-电极组件、32-壳体32和33-端盖。34-电池盒,35-连接构件,
311a-第一极耳,312a-第二极耳,332-泄压机构;
Y-第一方向。
在附图中,附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理,但不能用来限制本申请的范围,即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个以上;术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直,而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行,而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向,并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中,还需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的实施例中,相同的附图标记表示相同的部件,并且为了简洁,在不同实施例中,省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解,附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸,以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明,而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中,电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等,本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等,本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种:柱形电池 单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体,本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如,本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液,电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层,正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面,未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体,未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例,正极集流体的材料可以为铝,正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层,负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面,未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体,未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜,负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断,正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起,负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为聚丙烯(polypropylene,PP)或聚乙烯(polyethylene,PE)等。此外,电极组件可以是卷绕式结构,也可以是叠片式结构,本申请实施例并不限于此。
为了满足不同的电力需求,电池可以包括多个电池单体,其中,多个电池单体之间可以串联或并联或混联,混联是指串联和并联的混合。可选地,多个电池单体可以先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块,多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联组成电池。也就是说,多个电池单体可以直接组成电池,也可以先组成电池模块,电池模块再组成电池。电池再进一步设置于用电设备中,为用电设备提供电能。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素,例如,能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数,另外,还需要考虑电池的安全性能。
电池通常包括多个电池单体,在电池的内部往往通过汇流部件实现多个电池单体之间的电连接,例如并联或串联或混联。具体地,汇流部件可通过连接电池单体的电极端子实现电池单体之间的电连接。在电池单体中,电极端子同时也与电池单体的电极组件电连接,以输出电池单体的电能。然而,在电极端子与固定件连接,再通过固定件固定于电池单体的端盖的过程中,由于模具老化或装配偏移等问题,电极端子可能会与金属材质的固定件搭接,而固定件又与端盖连接,就会使得电池单体的正负极短路,对电池的使用造成极大的安全隐患。
鉴于此,本申请提供了一种端盖组件,该端盖组件上的电极端子容纳于第一固定件围合形成的容纳空间中,并通过第二固定件与第一固定件连接,第一固定件用于与端盖板连接,其朝向容纳空间的表面设置有绝缘层。通过在第一固定件上可能与电极端子接触的表面设置绝缘层,即使由于模具老化或装配偏移等问题导致第一固定件与电极端子搭接,也能够避免两者之间的电连接,从而避免端盖上正负极电极端子之间的短路,保证电池的安全性能。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案均适用于各种使用电池的用电设备。用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车,新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等;航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等;电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具,例如,游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等;电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具,例如,电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明,以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
例如,如图1所示,为本申请一个实施例的一种车辆1的结构示意图,车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车,新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部可以设置马 达40,控制器30以及电池10,控制器30用来控制电池10为马达40的供电。例如,在车辆1的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池10。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电,例如,电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源,用于车辆1的电路系统,例如,用于车辆1的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。在本申请的另一实施例中,电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源,还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源,替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
为了满足不同的使用电力需求,电池可以包括多个电池单体,其中,多个电池单体之间可以串联或并联或混联,混联是指串联和并联的混合。电池也可以称为电池包。可选地,多个电池单体可以先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块,多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联组成电池。也就是说,多个电池单体可以直接组成电池,也可以先组成电池模块,电池模块再组成电池。
例如,图2示出了本申请一个实施例的一种电池10的结构示意图,电池10可以包括至少一个电池模块200。电池模块200包括多个电池单体20。电池10还可以包括箱体11,箱体11内部为中空结构,多个电池单体20容纳于箱体11内。图2示出了本申请实施例的箱体11的一种可能的实现方式,如图2所示,箱体11可以包括两部分,这里分别称为第一部分111和第二部分112,第一部分111和第二部分112扣合在一起。第一部分111和第二部分112的形状可以根据电池模块200组合的形状而定,第一部分111和第二部分112中至少一个具有一个开口。例如,如图2所示,该第一部分111和第二部分112均可以为中空长方体且各自只有一个面为开口面,第一部分111的开口和第二部分112的开口相对设置,并且第一部分111和第二部分112相互扣合形成具有封闭腔室的箱体11。
再例如,不同于图2所示,第一部分111和第二部分112中可以仅有一个为具有开口的中空长方体,而另一个为板状,以盖合开口。例如,这里以第二部分112为中空长方体且只有一个面为开口面,第一部分111为板状为例,那么第一部分111盖合在第二部分112的开口处以形成具有封闭腔室的箱体11,该腔室可以用于容纳多个电池单体20。多个电池单体 20相互并联或串联或混联组合后置于第一部分111和第二部分112扣合后形成的箱体11内。
可选地,电池10还可以包括其他结构,在此不再一一赘述。例如,该电池10还可以包括汇流部件,汇流部件用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接,例如并联或串联或混联。具体地,汇流部件可通过连接电池单体20的电极端子实现电池单体20之间的电连接。进一步地,汇流部件可通过焊接固定于电池单体20的电极端子。多个电池单体20的电能可进一步通过导电机构穿过箱体11而引出。
根据不同的电力需求,电池模块200中的电池单体20的数量可以设置为任意数值。多个电池单体20可通过串联、并联或混联的方式连接以实现较大的容量或功率。由于每个电池10中包括的电池单体20的数量可能较多,为了便于安装,将电池单体20分组设置,每组电池单体20组成电池模块200。电池模块200中包括的电池单体20的数量不限,可以根据需求设置。
电池10可以包括多个电池模块200,这些电池模块200可通过串联、并联或混联的方式进行连接。
如图3所示,为本申请一个实施例的一种电池单体20的结构示意图,电池单体20包括一个或多个电极组件31、壳体32和端盖33。壳体32和端盖33形成外壳或电池盒34。
壳体32是用于容纳电极组件31的部件,壳体32可以是一端形成开口的空心结构,壳体32也可以是相对的两端形成开口的空心结构。若壳体32为一端形成开口的空心结构,端盖33则可以设置为一个;若壳体32为相对的两端形成开口的空心结构,端盖33则可以设置为两个,两个端盖33分别盖合于壳体32两端的开口。壳体32的材质可以是多种,比如,铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。壳体32可以是多种形状,比如,圆柱体、长方体等。壳体32根据一个或多个电极组件31组合后的形状而定,例如,壳体32可以为中空的长方体或正方体或圆柱体,且壳体32的其中一个面具有开口以便一个或多个电极组件31可以放置于壳体32内。例如,当壳体32为中空的长方体或正方体时,壳体32的其中一个平面为开口面,即该平面 不具有壁体而使得壳体32内外相通。当壳体32可以为中空的圆柱体时,壳体32的端面为开口面,即该端面不具有壁体而使得壳体32内外相通。端盖33覆盖开口并且与壳体32连接,以形成放置电极组件31的封闭的腔体。示例性的,在图3中,壳体32为长方体结构,壳体32为一端形成开口的空心结构。壳体32的壁以及端盖33均称为电池单体20的壁,其中对于长方体型电池单体20,壳体32的壁包括底壁和四个侧壁。壳体32内填充有电解质,例如电解液。
端盖33是盖合于壳体32的开口以将电池单体20的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的部件。端盖33的形状可以与壳体32的形状相适配,如图3所示,壳体32为长方体结构,端盖33为与壳体32相适配的矩形板状结构。端盖33的材质也可以是多种,比如,铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等,端盖33的材质与壳体32的材质可以相同,也可以不同。
该电池单体20还可以包括两个电极端子331,两个电极端子331可以设置在端盖33上。两个电极端子331固定在端盖33所在的平面上,两个电极端子331分别为正电极端子331a和负电极端子331b。每个电极端子331各对应设置一个连接构件35,或者也可以称为集流构件,其位于端盖33与电极组件31之间,用于将电极组件31和电极端子331实现电连接。
电极组件31是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件31可以是圆柱体、长方体等,若电极组件31为圆柱体结构,壳体32也可以为圆柱体结构,若电极组件31为长方体结构,壳体32也可以为长方体结构。如图3所示,每个电极组件31具有第一极耳311a和第二极耳312a。第一极耳311a和第二极耳312a的极性相反。例如,当第一极耳311a为正极极耳时,第二极耳312a为负极极耳。正极极耳可以由正极极片上未涂覆正极活性物质层的部分层叠形成,负极极耳可以由负极极片上未涂覆负极活性物质层的部分层叠形成。一个或多个电极组件31的第一极耳311a通过一个连接构件35与一个电极端子连接,一个或多个电极组件31的第二极耳312a通过另一个连接构件35与另一个电极端子连接。例如,正电极端子331a通过一个连接构件35与正极极耳连接,负电极端子331b通过另一个连接构件35与负极极耳连接。
在该电池单体20中,根据实际使用需求,壳体32内的电极组件31可设置为一个,也可以是多个。示例性地,如图3所示,电池单体20内设置有4个独立的电极组件31。
电池单体20上还可设置泄压机构332。泄压机构332用于电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力或温度。
泄压机构332可以为各种可能的泄压结构,本申请实施例对此并不限定。例如,泄压机构332可以为温敏泄压机构,温敏泄压机构被配置为在设有泄压机构332的电池单体20的内部温度达到阈值时能够熔化;和/或,泄压机构332可以为压敏泄压机构,压敏泄压机构被配置为在设有泄压机构332的电池单体20的内部气压达到阈值时能够破裂。
图3所示的电池单体20仅为一种示例,在实际生产中,可以根据不同的需求改变电池单体20的外形。
本申请实施例提供了一种端盖组件,可以应用于图3的端盖33中。如图4所示,图4为端盖组件的结构示意图,端盖组件可以包括电极端子21、第一固定件22、第二固定件23和端盖板24。第一固定件22围合形成在第一方向Y上两端开口的容纳空间221,至少部分电极端子21容纳于容纳空间221中,第一固定件22的朝向容纳空间221的表面设置有第一绝缘层222。第二固定件23连接电极端子21的朝向第一固定件22的至少部分表面和第一固定件22。第一固定件22在第一方向Y上的第一端与端盖板24固定连接,以将电极端子21固定于端盖板24。
第一固定件22在整体上为环状结构,该环状结构能够围合形成一定的容纳空间221。如图5所示,图5为第一固定件22的结构示意图。其中,容纳空间221在第一方向Y上具有两端开口,电极端子21可以通过该两端开口被放置于容纳空间221中,第一方向Y可以垂直于端盖板24。电极端子21可以仅有部分容纳于容纳空间221中,而其他部分通过两端开口容纳于超出容纳空间221范围的空间中。
第二固定件23为固定连接电极端子21与第一固定件22的部件。在一种可能的实施方式中,第二固定件23可以是上塑胶,通过注塑的方式连接电极端子21和第一固定件22。具体来说,在装配端盖组件时,可以 先利用模具将电极端子21和第一固定件22放置于模具上的预设位置处,再对电极端子21与第一固定件22的间隙进行注塑,注塑部分凝固后形成第二固定件23,则第二固定件23就可以将电极端子21与第一固定件22固定连接。
第一固定件22与端盖板24固定连接,在第一固定件22、第二固定件23和电极端子21已经通过模具形成了固定连接的一个整体后,可以通过第一固定件22与端盖板24的固定连接使得电极端子21以及第二固定件23也与端盖板24固定连接。考虑到第一固定件22需要围合形成容纳空间221以容纳电极端子21的至少部分,因此第一固定件22上与端盖板24固定连接的部分可以是第一固定件22在第一方向Y上的第一端。在一种可能的实施方式中,例如,第一固定件22可以为金属材质,并设置于端盖板24上的预留位置处,第一端与端盖板24接触,并在第一端的边缘处通过焊接来使得第一固定件22与端盖板24固定连接。
电极端子21容纳于容纳空间221时,通常不与第一固定件22接触,以避免电极端子21与端盖板24连通,导致电池单体20内部的电极组件产生的电能由电极端子21输出时,经由端盖板24与相反电极的电极端子21导通而发生短路问题。然而,由于模具老化或装配偏移等问题,电极端子21仍然有风险与第一固定件22接触,因此本申请实施例中的第一固定件22上设置有第一绝缘层222。
第一绝缘层222设置于第一固定件22的朝向容纳空间221的表面,由于容纳空间221中容纳有电极端子21,因此第一固定件22的朝向容纳空间221的表面也是最容易与电极端子21接触的表面。在该表面上设置第一绝缘层222,可以避免电极端子21与第一固定件22之间导通。结合图5至图7可以看出第一固定件22上设置的第一绝缘层222,其中,图6是图5所示的第一固定件22的仰视示意图,图7是图6中A-A面的剖面示意图。在图5和图6中,阴影部分设置有第一绝缘层222,在图7中,阴影部分以及加粗部分设置有第一绝缘层222。
第一绝缘层222可以为喷涂在第一固定件22表面的绝缘材料,例如铁氟龙、绝缘漆等;也可以为粘贴在第一固定件22表面的绝缘材料,例 如蓝胶等;还可以为经过氧化处理形成的绝缘层,例如常规氧化处理、阳极氧化处理等。
通过在第一固定件22的朝向容纳空间221的表面设置第一绝缘层222,电极端子21与第一固定件22即使由于模具老化或装配偏移等问题而搭接,两者也会被第一绝缘层222隔开而无法产生电连接,从而避免在端盖上产生短路问题,保证电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,可选地,电极端子21的与第二固定件23连接的表面设置有第二绝缘层211。
如图8所示,图8为电极端子21的结构示意图,其中阴影部分为电极端子21上设置有第二绝缘层211的部分。端盖组件进行装配时,电极端子21在理想状态下不直接与第一固定件22连接,而是通过第二固定件23间接与第一固定件22连接,第二固定件23在第一固定件22与电极端子21之间也能起到一定的绝缘作用。因此,为了使得电极端子21在与第一固定件22搭接的情况下仍然能够绝缘,第二绝缘层211设置在电极端子21的与第二固定件23连接的表面,这样可以使得第二绝缘层211起到与第二固定件23相同的绝缘作用。
在第一固定件22设置有第一绝缘层222的基础上,在电极端子21上设置第二绝缘层211,可以进一步提高两者之间的绝缘性能,使得两者在由于模具老化或装配偏移等问题而搭接的情况下,可以避免在端盖上产生短路问题,保证电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,可选地,第一固定件22的第一端设置有连接部224,连接部224垂直于第一方向Y,与端盖板24连接。
下面结合图9至图12进行说明。第一端为第一固定件22上与端盖板24连接的部分,为了使得第一固定件22与端盖板24更好地连接,在第一端设置有连接部224。连接部224垂直于第一方向Y,或者说,连接部224平行于端盖板24,使得第一固定件22能够较为稳定地放置在端盖板24上,以便后续对两者进行固定连接的处理。
连接部224的设置能够增加第一固定件22与端盖板24的接触面积,使得第一固定件22能够较为稳定地放置于端盖板24上,有助于第一 固定件22与端盖板24的固定连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例,可选地,连接部224与端盖板24焊接。
在第一固定件22上设置有连接部224的基础上,可以将连接部224与端盖板24焊接,以使得第一固定件22与端盖板24可以固定连接。具体来说,连接部224为连接部224与端盖板24之间的焊接提供了焊接空间,可以将连接部224在垂直于第一方向Y且远离容纳空间221的一端与端盖板24进行焊接。
这样可以使得第一固定件22与端盖板24之间能够固定连接,同时也能够将第二固定件23和电极端子21固定在端盖板24上,使得电极端子21不易从端盖板24上脱落,保证电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,可选地,第一固定件22在第一方向Y上的第二端设置有平台部226,平台部226垂直于第一方向Y。
第二端为第一固定件22上在第一方向Y远离电池单体20内部的一端,平台部226垂直于第一方向Y,在一种可能的实施方式中,平台部226可以平行于连接部224。平台部226能够在第一方向Y上对第二固定件23和电极端子21起到固定作用,当电极端子21或第二固定件23受到第一方向Y的力时,能够被平台部226挡住而不会轻易在力的作用下分离。
平台部226能够为第一固定件22、第二固定件23和电极端子21的连接起到较好的固定作用,使得三者不易分离,从而保证电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,可选地,电极端子21的与第二固定件23连接的表面具有台阶结构,平台部226的至少部分设置于台阶结构形成的空间内。
台阶结构设置于电极端子21的与第二固定件23连接的表面,该表面也可以看作是电极端子21的侧面的一部分。台阶结构可以形成一定的空间,在本申请的一个实施例中,该空间可以容纳第一固定件22的平台部226的至少部分。平台部226的至少部分设置于台阶结构形成的空间内时,仍然尽可能地与电极端子21保持一定的间隙,即平台部226可以不与台阶 结构中平行于第一方向Y的表面以及垂直于第一方向Y的表面接触。在本申请实施例中,第一固定件22的朝向电极端子21的表面设置有第一绝缘层222,因此即使平台部226与电极端子21搭接,也能够在第一绝缘层222的作用下避免两者产生电连接,从而防止电池单体20短路。可选地,电极端子21的与第二固定件23连接的表面可以上设置有第二绝缘层211,进一步防止电池单体20的短路。如图12所示,图12中第一固定件22与第二固定件23的加粗部分即为设置有绝缘层的部分。
台阶结构可以与平台部226相互配合,并通过第二固定件23连接,在受到外力作用时,三者互相提供固定连接的结构,使得三者不易分离,保证电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,可选地,第一固定件22包括主体部225,主体部225设置于连接部224和平台部226之间,主体部225用于连接该连接部224和平台部226,并共同围合形成容纳空间221。
连接部224与平台部226均垂直于第一方向Y,两者可以看成大致相互平行的两个部分,则主体部225为第一固定件22上连接该连接部224与平台部226的部分。主体部225、连接部224和平台部226共同形成环状的第一固定件22,其中围合形成的部分则为容纳空间221。主体部225可以平行于第一方向Y,也可以与第一方向Y成一定角度。
主体部225可以结合连接部224和平台部226共同形成环状结构,为电极端子21提供容纳空间221,并通过第二固定件23将电极端子21固定于端盖板24上,使得电极端子21不易从端盖板24上脱落,保证电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,可选地,沿第一方向Y,主体部225的直径在远离电池单体20内部的方向上逐渐减小。
第一固定件22的主体部225为环状结构,且厚度均匀。该环状结构的直径在第一方向Y的远离电池单体20内部的方向上逐渐减小,其围合形成的部分可以为圆台形状,主体部225的截面可以与第一方向Y成一定夹角。
这种设计可以使得主体部225与连接部224连接的部分以及与平 台部226连接的部分过渡更加平滑,同时在生产工艺上也有利于第一固定件22的制备。
根据本申请的一些实施例,可选地,第一固定件22的表面均设置有第一绝缘层222。
为了进一步降低电极端子21短路的可能性,可以在第一固定件22的表面均设置第一绝缘层222,尽可能避免电荷经由第一固定件22传递给电极端子21而发生短路问题。在第一固定件22的表面设置第一绝缘层222,可以是在生产第一固定件22时,对第一固定件22的外表面统一进行绝缘处理,再将第一固定件22按照装配步骤装配至端盖上。应理解,第一绝缘层222可以是第一固定件22在装配到端盖上之后能够保留的绝缘层的部分。
这样可以便于第一固定件22上对第一绝缘层222的加工,也能够尽可能地避免第一固定件22与电极端子21之间的短路,保证电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,可选地,第一固定件22上设置有至少一个第一通孔223,第一通孔223贯穿第一固定件22的壁,第二固定件23填充第一通孔223。
在图12中,以虚线示意出了第一通孔223的部分,实际该部分已填充了第二固定件23。至少一个第一通孔223可以位于第一固定件22的主体部225,多个第一通孔223可以在垂直于第一方向Y的平面上,以相等的间距分布排列。
第一通孔223可以用于第一固定件22在模具上的定位,即,将第一固定件22放置于模具的预设位置上,并通过第一通孔223固定,以避免第一固定件22在模具中晃动而导致与电极端子21搭接。第一通孔223还可以用于加强第一固定件22与第二固定件23之间的连接。在一种可能的实施例中,第二固定件23通过注塑填充第一固定件22与电极端子21之间的间隙时,会同时填充第一通孔223处的间隙,待第二固定件23凝固成型后,第一固定件22会在第一通孔223处被第二固定件23卡住,从而不会由于外力的作用与第二固定件23脱离,加强两者的固定连接。
第一通孔223既可以在使用模具时对第一固定件22进行限位,也可以使得第一固定件22与第二固定件23形成固定连接的结构,保证两者之间连接的稳固性,避免在外力作用下分离,从而保证电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,可选地,二固定件23填充凹槽212。
电极端子21上的凹槽212与第一固定件22上的第一通孔223的作用类似,既可以在使用模具时对电极端子21进行定位,又可以在第二固定件23凝固成型后与第二固定件23之间形成互相卡住的结构,加强电极端子21和第二固定件23的固定连接,以避免两者由于外力作用而分离。
凹槽212可以设置于电极端子21的与第二固定件23连接的表面,该表面也可以是电极端子21的侧面,在一种可能的实施方式中,更具体地,至少一个凹槽212可以设置于电极端子21侧面更靠近端盖的部分,多个凹槽212可以在垂直于第一方向Y的平面上,以相等的间距分布排列。由于电极端子21与第二固定件23连接的表面也是朝向第一固定件22的部分,因此凹槽212形成的表面也需要设置第二绝缘层211,以避免凹槽212表面与其他金属搭接而造成短路的问题。
凹槽212的设置既可以对电极端子21起到限位作用,也可以使得电极端子21与第二固定件23形成固定连接的结构,加强两者之间连接的稳固性,避免在外力作用下分离,从而保证电池单体20的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例,本申请还提供了一种电池单体20,包括壳体32和上述实施例中的端盖组件。壳体32具有第一开口,用于容纳电极组件,端盖组件用于盖合第一开口。
壳体32可以具有一个第一开口,也可以具有两个第一开口,当壳体32具有两个第一开口的时候,电池单体20对应着具有两个上述实施例中的端盖组件,且每个端盖组件上都具有至少一个电极端子21。
根据本申请的一些实施例,本申请还提供了一种电池,包括上述实施例中的电池单体20以及箱体11,箱体11用于容纳电池单体20。
根据本申请的一些实施例,本申请还提供了一种用电设备,包括上述实施例中的电池10,电池10用于为用电设备提供电能。
以上所述,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电池单体的端盖组件,其特征在于,包括:
    电极端子(21);
    第一固定件(22),所述第一固定件(22)围合形成在第一方向(Y)上两端开口的容纳空间(221),至少部分所述电极端子(21)容纳于所述容纳空间(221)中,所述第一固定件(22)的朝向所述容纳空间(221)的表面设置有第一绝缘层(222);
    第二固定件(23),所述第二固定件(23)连接所述电极端子(21)的朝向所述第一固定件(22)的至少部分表面和所述第一固定件(22);
    端盖板(24),所述第一固定件(22)在所述第一方向(Y)上的第一端与所述端盖板(24)固定连接,以将所述电极端子(21)固定于所述端盖板(24)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的端盖组件,其特征在于,所述电极端子(21)的与所述第二固定件(23)连接的表面设置有第二绝缘层(211)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的端盖组件,其特征在于,所述第一固定件(22)的所述第一端设置有连接部(224),所述连接部(224)垂直于所述第一方向(Y),与所述端盖板(24)连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的端盖组件,其特征在于,所述连接部(224)与所述端盖板(24)焊接。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的端盖组件,其特征在于,所述第一固定件(22)在所述第一方向(Y)上的第二端设置有平台部(226),所述平台部(226)垂直于所述第一方向(Y)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的端盖组件,其特征在于,所述电极端子(21)的与所述第二固定件(23)连接的表面具有台阶结构,所述平台部(226)的至少部分设置于所述台阶结构形成的空间内。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的端盖组件,其特征在于,所述第一固定件(22)包括主体部(225),所述主体部(225)设置于所述连接部(224)和所述平台部(226)之间,所述主体部(225)用于连接所述连接部(224)和所述平台部(226),并共同围合形成所述容纳空间 (221)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的端盖组件,其特征在于,沿第一方向(Y),所述主体部(225)的直径在远离电池单体内部的方向上逐渐减小。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的端盖组件,其特征在于,所述第一固定件(22)的表面均设置有所述第一绝缘层(222)。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的端盖组件,其特征在于,所述第一固定件(22)上设置有至少一个第一通孔(223),所述第一通孔(223)贯穿所述第一固定件(22)的壁,所述第二固定件(23)填充所述第一通孔(223)。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的端盖组件,其特征在于,所述电极端子(21)的与所述第二固定件(23)连接的表面上设置有至少一个凹槽(212),所述第二固定件(23)填充所述凹槽(212)。
  12. 一种电池单体(20),其特征在于,包括:
    壳体(32),具有第一开口,用于容纳电极组件;
    根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的端盖组件,用于盖合所述第一开口。
  13. 一种电池,其特征在于,包括:
    根据权利要求12所述的电池单体(20);
    箱体(11),所述箱体(11)用于容纳所述电池单体。
  14. 一种用电设备,其特征在于,包括:权利要求13所述的电池(10),所述电池(10)用于为所述用电设备提供电能。
PCT/CN2023/086091 2022-04-11 2023-04-04 端盖组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备 WO2023197905A1 (zh)

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CN216085074U (zh) * 2021-10-20 2022-03-18 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 端盖组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN217485645U (zh) * 2022-04-11 2022-09-23 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 端盖组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备

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