WO2021104068A1 - 一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法 - Google Patents

一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021104068A1
WO2021104068A1 PCT/CN2020/128911 CN2020128911W WO2021104068A1 WO 2021104068 A1 WO2021104068 A1 WO 2021104068A1 CN 2020128911 W CN2020128911 W CN 2020128911W WO 2021104068 A1 WO2021104068 A1 WO 2021104068A1
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Prior art keywords
passion fruit
fruit
husk
preserved
water
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PCT/CN2020/128911
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李静
王艳华
李霞
董新红
李海云
李培骏
陈慧英
单杨
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桂林理工大学
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Priority to GB2103183.6A priority Critical patent/GB2601575B/en
Publication of WO2021104068A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021104068A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G3/00Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
    • A23G3/34Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
    • A23G3/36Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A23G3/48Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing plants or parts thereof, e.g. fruits, seeds, extracts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G3/00Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
    • A23G3/34Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
    • A23G3/36Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A23G3/364Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing microorganisms or enzymes; containing paramedical or dietetical agents, e.g. vitamins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G3/00Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
    • A23G3/34Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
    • A23G3/50Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by shape, structure or physical form, e.g. products with supported structure
    • A23G3/54Composite products, e.g. layered, coated, filled

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of preparing fruit preserves, and in particular relates to a processing method of fermented passion fruit preserves.
  • Passion fruit also known as “egg fruit”, “love fruit”, “pomegranate”, etc.
  • the fruit juice is rich in nutrition, sweet and sour, and has a particularly aromatic smell. Its flesh exudes the rich fragrance of 165 kinds of fruits such as banana, pineapple, grass gourd, lychee, lemon, mango, strawberry, apple, and sour plum.
  • “Fruit” is not only evaluated as the most aromatic fruit in the world, but also has the reputation of "King of Juice” because of its high juice content.
  • Passion fruit contains 17 kinds of amino acids, rich in protein, fat, sugar, vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium, SOD enzyme and super fiber, etc. 165 kinds of beneficial substances to the human body. It is also known as the VC (vitamin) in fruit. king. Each 100 grams of fruit pulp contains 34.6 mg of vitamin C, and is also rich in vitamins A, B1, B2, etc., and also rich in calcium, iron, and various amino acids and trace elements. The soluble solids account for 5%-16%, the total acid content is 3.8%-4%, the sweet and sour content is moderate, and the nutritional value is high.
  • Regular consumption can enhance the body's resistance, improve immunity, improve the body's absorption function, regulate the intestines and stomach, relieve constipation, beautify the skin, and resist aging.
  • the shell of passion fruit also has the medicinal value of clearing lungs and moisturizing dryness, relieving blood to stop diarrhea, soothe the nerves and relieve pain, reduce blood fat and blood pressure, and promote body fluid to quench thirst. But because the shells are tough and hard to bite, they cannot be eaten directly. They are usually discarded except for extracting pectin, medicinal ingredients, processing feed, brewing wine or tea, and cooking dishes, which not only causes waste of resources, but also causes environmental pollution. .
  • the purpose of the present invention is to address the defect that the shell of passion fruit cannot be eaten directly, and to provide a method for processing fermented preserved passion fruit with pleasant taste and sweet taste.
  • the method not only fully retains the nutrients of passion fruit, but also improves The economic value of passion fruit has been overcome, and the problem of low utilization of passion fruit shells has been overcome.
  • the present invention provides the following solutions:
  • a method for processing fermented passion fruit preserves After the pulp is separated from the husk, the pulp is stored under refrigeration, the husk is added with a composite bacterial suspension and cellulase for fermentation, and the fermented husk is subjected to post-processing steps. It is mixed with the pulp, and then undergoes the sugaring process to obtain the fermented passion fruit preserved product.
  • the composite bacterial suspension is prepared by mixing Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae at a volume ratio of 1:1, and the concentration of the composite bacterial suspension is 10 6 -10 8 cfu/mL.
  • the addition ratio of the liquid is 2-5% of the weight of the husk. Lactobacillus plantarum can maintain the freshness of the husk, and the addition of cellulase and yeast can degrade cellulose and lignin, and improve the flavor and digestive quality of the preserved fruit.
  • the processing method specifically includes the following steps:
  • Material preparation Select ripe, fresh passion fruit without spoilage and mechanical bruising as raw materials for backup;
  • Fermentation add the composite bacterial suspension, add cellulase, the weight of cellulase accounts for 0.02-0.1% of the weight of the husk, and ferment for 16-24h;
  • Color protection immerse the fruit shell in the color protection solution for 20-50 minutes, squeeze and drain the water;
  • the first stage is a first stage
  • Softening and packaging Put the dried fruit products in an environment with a relative humidity of 60 to 70% and a temperature of 20 to 25°C for 1 to 2 days, and then put them in a sterilized plastic bag and seal for storage.
  • the salt solution in step (3) is an aqueous Na 2 CO 3 solution with a mass concentration of 2-5%.
  • the purpose is to reduce the risk of food safety and promote the removal of the waxy layer on the surface.
  • the soaking time is adjusted within 5-40 min according to the maturity of passion fruit, and the soaking with Na 2 CO 3 aqueous solution can increase the dissolution of astringent and bitter substances in the outer skin layer.
  • the refrigeration temperature is -4° C., and the refrigeration time does not exceed 1 year, in order to ensure the freshness and nutrient content of the pulp.
  • the blanching treatment time in step (5) is 15-80s, based on the separation of the stratum corneum from the husk.
  • the blanching time is adjusted within 15-80s according to whether the passion fruit husk and stratum corneum are separated to ensure that a pure husk with inactivated polyphenol oxidase is obtained.
  • the weight of the color protection liquid in step (7) is 3-10 times the weight of the husk; the purpose is to maintain the color and taste of the husk.
  • the color protection solution is made by mixing the following components by weight: 100-150 parts of water, 0.002-0.02 parts of sodium citrate, 0.01-0.1 parts of sodium metabisulfite, 0.005-0.015 parts of ascorbic acid, 0.2-2 parts of plant extract Things.
  • the plant extract is Atractylodes Rhizome extract or Houttuynia cordata extract.
  • the sugar content in the sugar-penetrating liquid is 40-60%
  • the sodium citrate content is 0.5-2%
  • the salt content is 0.2-1%
  • the balance is water.
  • the alternate drying method with cold and hot air in step (9) is: hot air drying at a temperature of 50-60°C for 8-12 hours; after the hot air drying is completed, the passion fruit is turned over. Cool at room temperature for 6-10 hours; dry in a closed space with cold air at a temperature of 20-30°C, humidity below 30RH%, dehumidify and dry for 8-16 hours, the dried passion fruit has a moisture content of 15%-30 %, the purpose of sprinkling powder is to keep the surface of the preserved fruit dry.
  • the invention also provides a fermented passion fruit preserved product prepared by the above processing method.
  • the preserved passion fruit of the present invention is prepared by the pulp and the shell, which greatly solves the problem of resource waste of the passion fruit shell.
  • the fermentation process is adopted to decompose the unsuitable substances in the shell to ensure the passion fruit.
  • the preparation method adopted by the present invention is simple and easy to operate. During the preparation process, no food additives are added, the sweet and sour taste of passion fruit is used, green and healthy, and the original flavor of passion fruit is retained to make pure natural passion fruit preserved fruit. It retains the nutritional value of passion fruit, improves the economic value of passion fruit, provides consumers with nutritious preserved fruit that can be eaten directly, and can be eaten all year round. It is a green and healthy snack food.
  • the invention adopts hot and cold air to dry alternately, effectively controlling the proper moisture content of the preserved fruit, especially the moisture content and taste of the surface layer of the preserved fruit, and adopts a closed space to dry the preserved fruit, preventing secondary pollution, and ensuring the stability of the additive-free product and the food Health and safety.
  • a processing method of fermented preserved passion fruit including the following preparation steps:
  • the weight of the color protection solution is 5 times the weight of the husk;
  • the color protection solution is made by mixing the following components by weight : 100 parts of water, 0.01 part of sodium citrate, 0.08 part of sodium metabisulfite, 0.015 part of ascorbic acid, 0.5 part of plant extract;
  • a processing method of fermented preserved passion fruit including the following preparation steps:
  • a processing method of fermented preserved passion fruit including the following preparation steps:
  • the weight of the color protection solution is 10 times the weight of the husk; the color protection solution is made by mixing the following components by weight : 100 parts of water, 0.02 parts of sodium citrate, 0.01 parts of sodium metabisulfite, 0.01 parts of ascorbic acid, 0.2 parts of plant extracts.
  • a processing method of fermented preserved passion fruit including the following preparation steps:
  • a processing method of fermented preserved passion fruit including the following preparation steps:
  • the weight of the color protection solution is 5 times the weight of the husk;
  • the color protection solution is made by mixing the following components by weight : 100 parts of water, 0.01 part of sodium citrate, 0.08 part of sodium metabisulfite, 0.015 part of ascorbic acid, 0.5 part of plant extract;
  • a processing method of fermented preserved passion fruit including the following preparation steps:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于水果蜜饯制作技术领域,具体涉及一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,包括以下制备步骤:以百香果为原料,挑选、清洗、去蜡质层、挖瓤、水煮、冷却切片、酶解、护色、糖渍、烘干、洒粉、真空包装。通过本发明所述加工方法不仅可以较好的保留百香果的营养价值,还同时解决了百香果果壳不能直接食用的难题,所制得的成品风味独特、酸甜适宜、色泽稳定,可随身携带食用,且含有大量维生素、蛋白质、钙、SOD酶等人体所需的营养物质,具有消除疲劳、降脂降压、消炎去斑、护肤养颜等神奇功效。

Description

一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法 技术领域
本发明属于水果蜜饯制作技术领域,具体涉及一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法。
背景技术
百香果,别名“鸡蛋果”、“爱情果”、“洋石榴”等,原产于大小安的列斯群岛,属西番莲科。在我国主要分布在广西、广东、福建、海南、云南等省。因其果汁营养丰富,甜酸可口、气味特别芳香,其果肉散发出香蕉、菠萝、草苟、荔枝、柠檬、芒果、草莓、苹果、酸梅等165种水果的浓郁香味而被举为“百香果”,不仅被评价为世界上最芳香的水果,还因为果汁含量高而拥有“果汁之王”的美誉。
百香果含有17种氨基酸,丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、糖、维生素、钙、磷、铁、钾、SOD酶和超纤维等165种对人体有益物质,更被称为水果中的VC(维生素)之王。每100克果瓤中就含有维他命C为34.6毫克,还富含维他命A,B1,B2等,另外还含有丰富的钙、铁和多种氨基酸等物质及微量元素。可溶性固形物占5%-16%,总酸量为3.8%-4%,甜酸适中,营养价值高。经常食用,可以增强人体抵抗力,提高免疫力,改善人体吸收功能,整肠健胃,缓解便秘,美容养颜,抗衰老。除了食用价值,百香果的果壳还具有清肺润燥、和血止痢、安神止痛、降脂降压、生津止渴的药用价值。但是因为果壳坚韧难咬,无法直接食用,除了用于提取果胶、医药成份、加工饲料、泡酒或泡茶以及烹饪菜肴外,通常被弃之不用,不仅造成资源浪费,还造成环境污染。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对百香果果壳不能直接食用的缺陷,提供了一种可口怡人、口感香甜的发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,该方法既充分保留了百香果的营养成分,又提高了百香果的经济价值,克服了百香果果壳利用率低的难题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下方案:
一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,将果肉与果壳分离后,果肉冷藏保存,果壳中加入复合菌悬液和纤维素酶进行发酵,将发酵好的果壳经过后处理步骤后,与果肉混合,然后进行糖渍过程即得发酵型百香果果脯成品。
作为本发明的进一步优选,所述复合菌悬液为植物乳杆菌和酿酒酵母菌以体积比1:1混合而成,复合菌悬液的浓度为10 6-10 8cfu/mL,复合菌悬液的添加比例为果壳重量的2-5%。植物乳杆菌可以保持果壳的新鲜度,添加纤维素酶和酵母菌可以降解纤维素和木质素,改善果脯的风味和消化品质。
作为本发明的进一步优选,加工方法具体包括如下步骤:
(1)备料:挑选成熟、无腐坏、无机械挫伤的新鲜百香果作为原料备用;
(2)清洗:对百香果去蒂后清洗;
(3)去蜡质层:用盐水溶液浸泡果实5-40min,然后将百香果进行二次水洗,放至沥水网上6-8min,沥干水;
(4)挖肉:把沥干的百香果切为两半,将果肉挖出置于冷库冷藏;
(5)热烫:将果壳放入沸水中,进行热烫处理;
(6)发酵:加入复合菌悬液,添加纤维素酶,纤维素酶的重量占果壳重量的0.02-0.1%,发酵16-24h;
(7)护色:将果壳在护色液中浸渍20-50min,挤压沥干水分;
(8)糖渍:糖渍过程分以下两个阶段进行:
第一阶段:
将配比好的果壳和果肉放入糖度百分比为10-18%的糖水里煮10-15min,室温下置于沥水网上沥干冷却,此时果壳和果肉黏合;
第二阶段:
把黏合在一起的果壳和果肉在渗糖液中常温浸渍3-4h,沥干,得到半成品果脯;
(9)烘干:将半成品果脯采用冷热风交替干燥方式进行烘干;
(10)洒粉:在烘干处理后的百香果果脯表面洒上葡萄糖粉,得到果脯成品;
(11)回软与包装:将果脯成品置于空气相对湿度为60~70%,温度为20~25℃的环境中静置1~2d后,装入杀菌消毒后的塑料袋中密封保存。
作为本发明的进一步优选,步骤(3)所述盐溶液为质量浓度为2-5%的Na 2CO 3水溶液。目的是为了降低食品安全的风险,促使表面蜡质层的脱除。步骤(3)所述的浸泡,浸泡时间根据百香果成熟度在5-40min调整,采用Na 2CO 3水溶液浸泡可以增加外皮层的涩苦味物质溶出。
作为本发明的进一步优选,所述步骤(4)中所述的冷藏,冷藏温度为-4℃,冷藏时间不超过1年,目的是为了保证果肉的新鲜度和营养成分。
作为本发明的进一步优选,步骤(5)中所述热烫处理时间为15-80s, 以果壳分离出角质层为准。热烫时间根据百香果果壳和角质层是否分离在15-80s调整,保证得到灭活多酚氧化酶等的纯净的果壳。
作为本发明的进一步优选,步骤(7)所述护色液的重量为果壳重量的3-10倍;目的是为了保持果壳的色泽度和口味感。所述护色液由下述重量份的组分混合而成:100-150份水、0.002-0.02份柠檬酸钠、0.01-0.1份焦亚硫酸钠、0.005-0.015份抗坏血酸、0.2-2份植物提取物。
作为本发明的进一步优选,所述植物提取物是白术提取物或鱼腥草提取物。
作为本发明的进一步优选,步骤(8)中所述渗糖液中白糖含量为40-60%、柠檬酸钠含量为0.5-2%、食盐含量为0.2-1%,余量为水。
作为本发明的进一步优选,步骤(9)所述冷热风交替干燥方式为:热风烘干,温度为50-60℃,烘干8-12小时;热风烘干完成后,将百香果翻转,在常温下冷却6-10小时;在密闭的空间里冷风干燥,温度为20-30℃,湿度为30RH%以下,除湿干燥8-16小时,干燥后的百香果果脯水分含量为15%-30%,洒粉的目的是为了保持果脯表面干爽。
本发明还提供一种由上述加工方法制备的发酵型百香果果脯产品。
本发明公开了以下技术效果:
本发明的百香果果脯为果肉与果壳共同制备而成的,极大的解决了百香果果壳的资源浪费问题,其采用发酵过程将果壳中不宜食用的物质进行了分解,保证了百香果果脯的食用口感。本发明所采用的制作方法简单,易操作,制作过程中,不添加任何的食品添加剂,利用百香果本身的酸甜味,绿色健康,保留了百香果原有风味,制成纯天然百香果果脯,保留了 百香果的营养价值,提高了百香果的经济价值,为消费者提供可直接食用的营养果脯,且一年四季皆可食用,是一种绿色健康的休闲食品。
本发明采用热冷风交替干燥,有效控制果脯的合适水分含量,特别是果脯表层的水分含量及口感,而且采用密闭的空间对果脯进行干燥,防止二次污染,更确保无添加剂产品的稳定和食品卫生安全。
具体实施方式
现详细说明本发明的多种示例性实施方式,该详细说明不应认为是对本发明的限制,而应理解为是对本发明的某些方面、特性和实施方案的更详细的描述。
应理解本发明中所述的术语仅仅是为描述特别的实施方式,并非用于限制本发明。另外,对于本发明中的数值范围,应理解为还具体公开了该范围的上限和下限之间的每个中间值。在任何陈述值或陈述范围内的中间值以及任何其他陈述值或在所述范围内的中间值之间的每个较小的范围也包括在本发明内。这些较小范围的上限和下限可独立地包括或排除在范围内。
除非另有说明,否则本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有本发明所述领域的常规技术人员通常理解的相同含义。虽然本发明仅描述了优选的方法和材料,但是在本发明的实施或测试中也可以使用与本文所述相似或等同的任何方法和材料。本说明书中提到的所有文献通过引用并入,用以公开和描述与所述文献相关的方法和/或材料。在与任何并入的文献冲突时,以本说明书的内容为准。
在不背离本发明的范围或精神的情况下,可对本发明说明书的具体实 施方式做多种改进和变化,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。由本发明的说明书得到的其他实施方式对技术人员而言是显而易见得的。本申请说明书和实施例仅是示例性的。
关于本文中所使用的“包含”、“包括”、“具有”、“含有”等等,均为开放性的用语,即意指包含但不限于。
实施例1
一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)挑选成熟、无腐坏、无机械挫伤的1kg新鲜百香果果实作为原料,去蒂;
(2)使用自来水将去蒂的百香果洗去泥沙和其他杂质;
(3)用3%Na 2CO 3水溶液浸泡果实30min,除去百香果表面蜡质层,然后将百香果用自来水进行二次清洗,放至沥水网上6min,沥干水;
(4)把沥干的百香果切为两半,挖出果肉,置于-4℃冷库冷藏;
(5)将果壳放入沸水中,热烫1min,去除角质层;
(6)加入3%的浓度为10 7cfu/mL植物乳杆菌和酿酒酵母菌(1:1)复合菌悬液,添加0.03%纤维素酶,然后于37℃发酵20h;
(7)将果壳在护色液浸渍30min,挤压沥干水分;所述护色液的重量为果壳重量的5倍;所述护色液由下述重量份的组分混合而成:100份水、0.01份柠檬酸钠、0.08份焦亚硫酸钠、0.015份抗坏血酸、0.5份植物提取物;
(8)取出果壳,将果壳和10%果肉放入糖度百分比为12%的糖水里水煮10min,室温下置于沥水网上沥干冷却,此时果肉和果壳黏合,再把黏 合在一起的果肉和果壳在渗糖液中常温浸渍3h,沥干;所述渗糖液中白糖含量为50%、柠檬酸钠含量为2%、食盐含量为1%,余量为水;
(9)将沥干的果肉和果壳放在烘箱里,首先热风烘干,温度为50℃,烘干10小时;热风烘干完成后,将百香果翻转,在常温下冷却8小时;在密闭的空间里冷风干燥,温度为25℃,湿度为30%以下,除湿干燥13小时,干燥后的百香果果脯水分含量为18-30%;
(10)在烘干处理后的百香果果脯表面洒上一层葡萄糖粉,得到成品;
(11)将百香果果脯置于空气相对湿度为70%,温度为25℃的环境中静置1d后,装入杀菌消毒后的塑料袋中密封保存。
实施例2
一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)挑选成熟、无腐坏、无机械挫伤的1kg新鲜百香果果实作为原料,去蒂;
(2)使用自来水将去蒂的百香果洗去泥沙和其他杂质;
(3)用5%Na 2CO 3水溶液浸泡果实15min,除去百香果表面蜡质层,然后将百香果用自来水进行二次清洗,放至沥水网上6min,沥干水;
(4)把沥干的百香果切为两半,挖出果肉,置于-4℃冷库冷藏;
(5)将果壳放入沸水中,热烫1min,去除角质层;
(6)加入5%的浓度为10 7cfu/mL植物乳杆菌和酿酒酵母菌(1:1)复合菌悬液,添加0.05%纤维素酶,然后于37℃发酵20h;
(7)将果壳在护色液浸渍50min,挤压沥干水分;所述护色液的重量为果壳重量的7倍;所述护色液由下述重量份的组分混合而成:150份水、 0.005份柠檬酸钠、0.06份焦亚硫酸钠、0.009份抗坏血酸、0.5份植物提取物;
(8)取出果壳,将果壳和10%果肉放入糖度百分比为18%的糖水里水煮15min,室温下置于沥水网上沥干冷却,此时果肉和果壳黏合,再把黏合在一起的果肉和果壳在渗糖液中常温浸渍3h,沥干;所述渗糖液中白糖含量为40%、柠檬酸钠含量为0.5%、食盐含量为1%,余量为水;
(9)将沥干的果肉和果壳放在烘箱里,首先热风烘干,温度为55℃,烘干12小时;热风烘干完成后,将百香果翻转,在常温下冷却8小时;在密闭的空间里冷风干燥,温度为30℃,湿度为30%以下,除湿干燥10小时,干燥后的百香果果脯水分含量为15-28%;
(10)在烘干处理后的百香果果脯表面洒上一层葡萄糖粉,得到成品;
(11)将百香果果脯置于空气相对湿度为70%,温度为25℃的环境中静置1d后,装入杀菌消毒后的塑料袋中密封保存。
实施例3
一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)挑选成熟、无腐坏、无机械挫伤的1kg新鲜百香果果实作为原料,去蒂;
(2)使用自来水将去蒂的百香果洗去泥沙和其他杂质;
(3)用2%Na 2CO 3水溶液浸泡果实5min,除去百香果表面蜡质层,然后将百香果用自来水进行二次清洗,放至沥水网上8min,沥干水;
(4)把沥干的百香果切为两半,挖出果肉,置于-4℃冷库冷藏;
(5)将果壳放入沸水中,热烫1min,去除角质层;
(6)加入2%的浓度为10 8cfu/mL植物乳杆菌和酿酒酵母菌(1:1)复合菌悬液,添加0.1%纤维素酶,然后于37℃发酵24h;
(7)将果壳在护色液浸渍30min,挤压沥干水分;所述护色液的重量为果壳重量的10倍;所述护色液由下述重量份的组分混合而成:100份水、0.02份柠檬酸钠、0.01份焦亚硫酸钠、0.01份抗坏血酸、0.2份植物提取物。
(8)取出果壳,将果壳和10%果肉放入糖度百分比为10%的糖水里水煮12min,室温下置于沥水网上沥干冷却,此时果肉和果壳黏合,再把黏合在一起的果肉和果壳在渗糖液中常温浸渍4h,沥干;所述渗糖液中白糖含量为60%、柠檬酸钠含量为0.5%、食盐含量为0.5%,余量为水;
(9)将沥干的果肉和果壳放在烘箱里,首先热风烘干,温度为60℃,烘干12小时;热风烘干完成后,将百香果翻转,在常温下冷却10小时;在密闭的空间里冷风干燥,温度为20℃,湿度为30%以下,除湿干燥16小时,干燥后的百香果果脯水分含量为15-30%;
(10)在烘干处理后的百香果果脯表面洒上一层葡萄糖粉,得到成品;
(11)将百香果果脯置于空气相对湿度为70%,温度为25℃的环境中静置1d后,装入杀菌消毒后的塑料袋中密封保存。
实施例4
一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)挑选成熟、无腐坏、无机械挫伤的1kg新鲜百香果果实作为原料,去蒂;
(2)使用自来水将去蒂的百香果洗去泥沙和其他杂质;
(3)用4%Na 2CO 3水溶液浸泡果实35min,除去百香果表面蜡质层,然后将百香果用自来水进行二次清洗,放至沥水网上6min,沥干水;
(4)把沥干的百香果切为两半,挖出果肉,置于-4℃冷库冷藏;
(5)将果壳放入沸水中,热烫1min,去除角质层;
(6)加入3%的浓度为10 6cfu/mL植物乳杆菌和酿酒酵母菌(1:1)复合菌悬液,添加0.03%纤维素酶,然后于37℃发酵16h;
(7)将果壳在护色液浸渍30min,挤压沥干水分;所述护色液的重量为果壳重量的3倍;所述护色液由下述重量份的组分混合而成:100份水、0.02份柠檬酸钠、0.09份焦亚硫酸钠、0.015份抗坏血酸、0.15份植物提取物。
(8)取出果壳,将果壳和10%果肉放入糖度百分比为12%的糖水里水煮13min,室温下置于沥水网上沥干冷却,此时果肉和果壳黏合,再把黏合在一起的果肉和果壳在渗糖液中常温浸渍3h,沥干;所述渗糖液中白糖含量为50%、柠檬酸钠含量为2%、食盐含量为0.2%,余量为水;
(9)将沥干的果肉和果壳放在烘箱里,首先热风烘干,温度为58℃,烘干10小时;热风烘干完成后,将百香果翻转,在常温下冷却8小时;在密闭的空间里冷风干燥,温度为25℃,湿度为30%以下,除湿干燥18小时,干燥后的百香果果脯水分含量为17-30%;
(10)在烘干处理后的百香果果脯表面洒上一层葡萄糖粉,得到成品;
(11)将百香果果脯置于空气相对湿度为70%,温度为25℃的环境中静置1d后,装入杀菌消毒后的塑料袋中密封保存。
对比例1
一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)挑选成熟、无腐坏、无机械挫伤的1kg新鲜百香果果实作为原料,去蒂;
(2)使用自来水将去蒂的百香果洗去泥沙和其他杂质;
(3)用3%Na 2CO 3水溶液浸泡果实30min,除去百香果表面蜡质层,然后将百香果用自来水进行二次清洗,放至沥水网上6min,沥干水;
(4)把沥干的百香果切为两半,挖出果肉,置于-4℃冷库冷藏;
(5)将果壳放入沸水中,热烫1min,去除角质层;
(6)加入3%的浓度为10 7cfu/mL植物乳杆菌和酿酒酵母菌(1:1)复合菌悬液,添加0.03%纤维素酶,然后于37℃发酵20h;
(7)将果壳在护色液浸渍30min,挤压沥干水分;所述护色液的重量为果壳重量的5倍;所述护色液由下述重量份的组分混合而成:100份水、0.01份柠檬酸钠、0.08份焦亚硫酸钠、0.015份抗坏血酸、0.5份植物提取物;
(8)取出果壳,将果壳和10%果肉放入糖度百分比为12%的糖水里水煮10min,室温下置于沥水网上沥干冷却,此时果肉和果壳黏合,再把黏合在一起的果肉和果壳在渗糖液中常温浸渍3h,沥干;所述渗糖液中白糖含量为40%、柠檬酸钠含量为0.5%、食盐含量为1%,余量为水;
(9)将沥干的果肉和果壳放在烘箱里,设置温度为30℃,时间为3个小时,再在50℃的条件下烘干3个小时,再于70条件下烘干1小时,最后在50℃的条件下烘干4小时;
(10)在烘干处理后的百香果果脯表面洒上一层葡萄糖粉,得到成品;
(11)将百香果果脯置于空气相对湿度为70%,温度为25℃的环境中静置1d后,装入杀菌消毒后的塑料袋中密封保存。
对比例2
一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)挑选成熟、无腐坏、无机械挫伤的1kg新鲜百香果果实作为原料,去蒂;
(2)使用自来水将去蒂的百香果洗去泥沙和其他杂质;
(3)用3%Na 2CO 3水溶液浸泡果实30min,除去百香果表面蜡质层,然后将百香果用自来水进行二次清洗,放至沥水网上6min,沥干水;
(4)把沥干的百香果切为两半,挖出果肉,置于-4℃冷库冷藏;
(5)将果壳放入沸水中,热烫1min,去除角质层;
(6)添加3.03%纤维素酶,然后于37℃发酵20h;
(7)将果壳在护色液浸渍30min,挤压沥干水分;
(8)取出果壳,将果壳和10%果肉放入糖度百分比为12%的糖水里水煮10min,室温下置于沥水网上沥干冷却,此时果肉和果壳黏合,再把黏合在一起的果肉和果壳在渗糖液中常温浸渍3h,沥干;所述渗糖液中白糖含量为40%、柠檬酸钠含量为0.5%、食盐含量为1%,余量为水;
(9)将沥干的果肉和果壳放在烘箱里,首先热风烘干,温度为50℃,烘干10小时;热风烘干完成后,将百香果翻转,在常温下冷却8小时;在密闭的空间里冷风干燥,温度为25℃,湿度为30%以下,除湿干燥13小时,干燥后的百香果果脯水分含量为18-35%;
(10)在烘干处理后的百香果果脯表面洒上一层葡萄糖粉,得到成品;
(11)将百香果果脯置于空气相对湿度为70%,温度为25℃的环境中静置1d后,装入杀菌消毒后的塑料袋中密封保存。
对实施例1-4及对比例1-2制备的产品进行检测,产品主要质量指标及感官指标见表1,理化指标见表2,卫生指标见表3。
表1质量指标及感官指标
Figure PCTCN2020128911-appb-000001
表2理化指标
Figure PCTCN2020128911-appb-000002
表3卫生指标
Figure PCTCN2020128911-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020128911-appb-000004
以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明的优选方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进,均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,其特征在于,将果肉与果壳分离后,果肉冷藏保存,果壳中加入复合菌悬液和纤维素酶进行发酵,将发酵好的果壳经过后处理步骤后,与果肉混合,然后进行糖渍过程即得发酵型百香果果脯成品。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,其特征在于,所述复合菌悬液为植物乳杆菌和酿酒酵母菌以体积比1:1混合而成,复合菌悬液的浓度为10 6-10 8cfu/mL,复合菌悬液的添加比例为果壳重量的2-5%。
  3. 根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,其特征在于,具体包括如下步骤:
    (1)备料:挑选成熟、无腐坏、无机械挫伤的新鲜百香果作为原料备用;
    (2)清洗:对百香果去蒂后清洗;
    (3)去蜡质层:用盐水溶液浸泡果实5-40min,然后将百香果进行二次水洗,放至沥水网上6-8min,沥干水;
    (4)挖肉:把沥干的百香果切为两半,将果肉挖出置于冷库冷藏;
    (5)热烫:将果壳放入沸水中,进行热烫处理;
    (6)发酵:加入复合菌悬液,添加纤维素酶,纤维素酶的重量为果壳重量的0.02-0.1%,发酵16-24h;
    (7)护色:将果壳在护色液中浸渍20-50min,挤压沥干水分;
    (8)糖渍:糖渍过程分以下两个阶段进行:
    第一阶段:
    将配比好的果壳和果肉放入糖度百分比为10-18%的糖水里煮10-15min,室温下置于沥水网上沥干冷却,此时果壳和果肉黏合;
    第二阶段:
    把黏合在一起的果壳和果肉在渗糖液中常温浸渍3-4h,沥干,得到半成品果脯;
    (9)烘干:将半成品果脯采用冷热风交替干燥方式进行烘干;
    (10)洒粉:在烘干处理后的百香果果脯表面洒上葡萄糖粉,得到果脯成品;
    (11)回软与包装:将果脯成品置于空气相对湿度为60~70%,温度为20~25℃的环境中静置1~2d后,装入杀菌消毒后的塑料袋中密封保存。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述盐溶液为质量浓度为2-5%的Na 2CO 3水溶液。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中所述热烫处理时间为15-80s,以果壳分离出角质层为准。
  6. 根据权利要求3述的一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(7)所述护色液的重量为果壳重量的3-10倍。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,其特征在于,所述护色液由下述重量份的组分混合而成:100-150份水、0.002-0.02份柠檬酸钠、0.01-0.1份焦亚硫酸钠、0.005-0.015份抗坏血酸、0.2-2份植物提取物。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,其特征 在于,所述植物提取物是白术提取物或鱼腥草提取物。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(8)中所述渗糖液中白糖含量为40-60%、柠檬酸钠含量为0.5-2%、食盐含量为0.2-1%,余量为水。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的一种发酵型百香果果脯的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(9)所述冷热风交替干燥方式为:热风烘干,温度为50-60℃,烘干8-12小时;热风烘干完成后,将百香果翻转,在常温下冷却6-10小时;在密闭的空间里冷风干燥,温度为20-30℃,湿度为30RH%以下,除湿干燥8-16小时,干燥后的百香果果脯水分含量为15%-30%。
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