WO2020145378A1 - シリカガラスルツボの製造装置および製造方法 - Google Patents
シリカガラスルツボの製造装置および製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020145378A1 WO2020145378A1 PCT/JP2020/000609 JP2020000609W WO2020145378A1 WO 2020145378 A1 WO2020145378 A1 WO 2020145378A1 JP 2020000609 W JP2020000609 W JP 2020000609W WO 2020145378 A1 WO2020145378 A1 WO 2020145378A1
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- Prior art keywords
- silica powder
- mold
- silica
- glass crucible
- silica glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/09—Other methods of shaping glass by fusing powdered glass in a shaping mould
- C03B19/095—Other methods of shaping glass by fusing powdered glass in a shaping mould by centrifuging, e.g. arc discharge in rotating mould
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B20/00—Processes specially adapted for the production of quartz or fused silica articles, not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
- C30B15/10—Crucibles or containers for supporting the melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/06—Silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/02—Pure silica glass, e.g. pure fused quartz
- C03B2201/03—Impurity concentration specified
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a silica glass crucible manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method.
- a silicon single crystal is produced by melting a silicon raw material (polycrystalline silicon) filled in a silica glass crucible and bringing a seed crystal into contact with the melted polycrystalline silicon and pulling it while rotating (CZ method: Czochralski). Law).
- the silica glass crucible used in this CZ method is manufactured by a rotational molding method.
- the method for producing a silica glass crucible by the rotation molding method includes a silica powder layer forming step of forming a silica powder layer by using a centrifugal force to deposit silica powder having an average particle diameter of about 100 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m inside a rotating mold. And an arc melting step of forming a silica glass layer by arc melting the silica powder layer while depressurizing the silica powder layer from the mold side.
- a natural silica powder layer is formed inside the mold, and then a synthetic silica powder layer is formed on the natural silica powder layer.
- bubbles are removed by melting silica powder under reduced pressure to form a transparent silica glass layer (hereinafter, also referred to as “transparent layer”).
- transparent layer the pressure-reduced pressure is weakened to form a bubble-containing silica glass layer (hereinafter, also referred to as “non-transparent layer”) in which bubbles remain.
- a transparent layer is provided on the inner surface side
- a non-transparent layer is provided on the outer surface side
- a synthetic layer (a layer formed by melting synthetic silica powder) on the inner surface side
- a natural layer (natural stone) on the outer surface side.
- a silica glass crucible having a multilayer structure having a layer formed by melting English powder) is formed.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that the silica glass crucible can be selectively multilayered or thinned in a specific region and remain near the layer boundary.
- a method for manufacturing a quartz glass crucible that suppresses bubbles formed includes a step of forming a quartz glass molded body by spraying quartz glass raw material powder into a rotating crucible molding die (mold) in a non-heating and non-melting environment, and heating the quartz glass molded body. Melting and then cooling to form a quartz glass crucible.
- the silica powder layer forming process by the rotational molding method when the silica powder is put into the rotating mold and the silica powder layer is deposited on the inner wall surface of the mold by using the centrifugal force, the silica powder layer is formed at the desired position and thickness. Is very difficult to form. In other words, it is necessary to consider various conditions such as the mold size (cavity inner diameter) and the centrifugal force based on the number of revolutions, the particle size of silica powder, the charging position, the charging amount, the charging environment, etc.
- the control for forming the silica powder layer is not easy. Therefore, in forming the silica powder layer, there are many parts that depend on the experience of the operator who inputs the silica powder.
- the quality of the silica glass crucible manufactured by such a rotational molding method is closely related to the quality of the silicon single crystal (silicon ingot) when the silicon single crystal is pulled up (for example, the CZ method) using the silica glass crucible. is connected with.
- the metal impurities are mixed in the silica glass crucible, the metal impurities are mixed in the silicon melt when the silicon single crystal is pulled, which leads to dislocation of the silicon ingot. Therefore, the formation of the silica powder layer by the rotation molding method is an important step that also leads to the quality of the silicon single crystal.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a silica glass crucible manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method capable of forming a stable silica powder layer in a mold in a short time.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a silica glass crucible manufacturing apparatus for forming a silica powder layer inside a rotating mold, a rotating means for rotating the mold, a supply means for supplying silica powder inside the mold, Equipped with.
- the supply means feeds the silica powder so as to drop it to a position separated from the inner wall surface of the mold inside the mold, and the moving direction of the silica powder sent from the delivery part from the drop position to the inside.
- a diffusing section that widens the diffusion angle from the falling position of the silica powder toward the inner wall surface while converting to the wall surface side.
- the silica powder dropped inside the mold passes through the diffusing section so that the moving direction is changed from the falling position to the inner wall surface side.
- the diffusion angle from the drop position toward the inner wall surface is expanded. Therefore, the silica powder can be spread over a wide range on the inner wall surface of the mold in a short time.
- the diffusing section may have a rotating disk, and the rotating disk may be provided so that the silica powder sent from the sending section is received by the surface of the rotating disk.
- the silica powder that has dropped onto the surface (upper surface) of the turntable is accelerated by centrifugal force while rolling on the surface of the turntable, and is blown from the turntable to the inner wall surface of the mold.
- the diffusing section has a driving mechanism that changes the relative position between the rotating disk and the inner wall surface. As a result, the position where the silica powder is blown and the position in the height direction of the inner wall surface of the mold can be adjusted.
- the hardness of the surface of the rotary disk is preferably 5 or more on Mohs hardness.
- the Mohs hardness is determined by whether the surface is scratched or scratched with a standard mineral of a Mohs hardness meter. As a result, even if the silica powder comes into contact with the surface of the rotating disk, it is possible to prevent the surface of the rotating disk from being scratched.
- the diameter of the rotary disk is preferably 9% or more and 76% or less of the inner diameter of the mold. If the diameter of the turntable is smaller than 9% of the inner diameter of the mold, the turntable cannot receive a sufficient amount of silica powder. On the other hand, if the diameter of the turntable exceeds 76% of the inner diameter of the mold, it will be difficult to handle the turntable in and out of the mold. Further, the diffusion angle of the silica powder spreads too much on the turntable, and the amount of the silica powder attached to the mold tends to vary.
- the concentration of metal impurities in the material of the surface of the rotary disk is 20 ppm or less per element. Therefore, when the silica powder comes into contact with the rotary disk, it is possible to suppress metal impurities generated from the rotary disk and mixed in the silica powder layer.
- One aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a silica glass crucible for forming a silica powder layer inside a rotating mold, which comprises dropping the silica powder inside the mold while rotating the mold, and dropping the silica powder inside the mold.
- a step of forming a silica powder layer by converting the moving direction of the silica powder from the falling position to the inner wall surface side, expanding the diffusion angle from the falling position of the silica powder toward the inner wall surface, and scattering the silica powder toward the inner wall surface side, Melting the silica powder layer and then cooling it.
- the silica powder layer is formed on the inner wall surface of the mold, the moving direction of the silica powder dropped inside the mold is changed from the dropping position toward the inner wall surface side, and The diffusion angle increases from the position toward the inner wall surface. Therefore, the silica powder can be spread over a wide range on the inner wall surface of the mold in a short time.
- the direction of the silica powder may be changed and the diffusion angle may be widened by receiving the dropped silica powder on the surface of the rotating disk. ..
- the silica powder that has fallen onto the surface of the rotary disk is accelerated by centrifugal force while rolling on the surface of the rotary disk, and then is blown from the rotary disk to the inner wall surface of the mold.
- the thickness of the silica powder layer be controlled while changing the relative position between the rotary disk and the inner wall surface. As a result, the position where the silica powder is blown and the position in the height direction of the inner wall surface of the mold can be adjusted.
- the rotation speed of the rotating disk is 100 rpm or more and 5000 rpm or less. If the rotation speed of the rotary disk is faster than 5000 rpm, the silica powder is scattered too much, and if it is slower than 100 rpm, the silica powder does not jump out horizontally at a sufficient speed, and it becomes difficult to adhere to the inner wall surface of the mold.
- a silica glass crucible manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method capable of forming a stable silica powder layer in a mold in a short time.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic cross section which illustrates the manufacturing apparatus of the silica glass crucible which concerns on this embodiment.
- (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram which illustrates a diffusion part.
- (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram which illustrates a silica glass crucible. It is a flow chart which shows a manufacturing process of a silica glass crucible roughly.
- (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the manufacturing method of a silica glass crucible.
- (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the manufacturing method of a silica glass crucible. It is a schematic diagram explaining another supply means.
- (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram explaining another supply means.
- (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram explaining another supply means.
- (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram explaining another supply means.
- (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram explaining another supply means.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an apparatus for manufacturing a silica glass crucible according to this embodiment.
- 2A and 2B are schematic views illustrating the diffusion unit.
- 2A is a plan view of the diffusion unit 42
- FIG. 2B is a side view of the diffusion unit 42.
- 3A and 3B are schematic views illustrating a silica glass crucible.
- 3A shows a perspective view of the silica glass crucible 11
- FIG. 3B shows a sectional view of the silica glass crucible 11.
- the silica glass crucible 11 manufactured by the manufacturing apparatus 1 according to this embodiment will be described.
- the silica glass crucible 11 includes a corner portion 11b having a relatively large curvature, a cylindrical side wall portion 11a having an edge opening on the upper surface, and a straight line or a curve having a relatively small curvature. And a mortar-shaped bottom portion 11c.
- the corner portion 11b is a portion connecting the side wall portion 11a and the bottom portion 11c, and a common tangent line with the bottom portion 11c is formed from the point where the tangent line of the curved line of the corner portion 11b overlaps with the side wall portion 11a of the silica glass crucible 11. It means the part up to the point. In other words, the point where the side wall 11a of the silica glass crucible 11 begins to bend is the boundary between the side wall 11a and the corner 11b.
- a portion where the curvature of the bottom of the silica glass crucible 11 is substantially constant is the bottom portion 11c, and the point where the curvature starts to change when the distance from the center of the bottom of the silica glass crucible 11 increases is the bottom portion 11c. It is a boundary with the corner portion 11b.
- the transparent layer 13 is provided on the inner surface of the crucible (hereinafter, also referred to as “inner surface IS”), and the outer surface of the crucible (hereinafter, referred to as “the inner surface IS”).
- the non-transparent layer 15 is provided on the outer surface OS side.
- the transparent layer 13 is a layer that does not substantially contain bubbles.
- substantially free of bubbles means a bubble content rate and a bubble size such that the single crystallization rate of the silicon single crystal does not decrease due to the bubbles.
- the bubble content of the transparent layer 13 is 0.1% or less, and the average diameter of the bubbles is 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the transparent layer 13 preferably contains synthetic silica glass on the inner surface IS side.
- Synthetic silica glass means, for example, silica glass produced by melting a raw material synthesized by hydrolysis of silicon alkoxide.
- synthetic silica has characteristics that the concentration of metal impurities is lower and the concentration of OH groups is higher than that of natural quartz.
- the content of each metal impurity contained in the synthetic silica is less than 0.05 ppm, and the content of the OH group is 30 ppm or more.
- synthetic silica to which a metal impurity such as Al is added is also known, whether or not it is synthetic silica should not be judged based on one factor, but comprehensively based on a plurality of factors. It should be judged.
- synthetic silica glass has less impurities than natural silica glass, it is possible to prevent an increase in impurities eluted from the crucible into the silicon melt and to increase the silicon single crystallization rate.
- the non-transparent layer 15 is a layer that appears opaque due to the bubbles.
- the non-transparent layer 15 is preferably made of natural quartz glass.
- Natural quartz glass means silica glass manufactured by melting natural raw materials such as natural quartz and silica stone.
- natural quartz has a higher concentration of metal impurities and a lower concentration of OH groups than synthetic silica.
- the content of Al contained in natural quartz is 1 ppm or more
- the content of each alkali metal (Na, K and Li) is 0.1 ppm or more
- the content of OH group is less than 60 ppm.
- the manufacturing apparatus 1 is an apparatus for forming the silica powder layer 210 on the inner wall surface 20a of the mold 20 when manufacturing the silica glass crucible 11 by the rotational molding method.
- Examples of the material of the mold 20 include carbon.
- the manufacturing apparatus 1 includes a rotating unit 30 that rotates the mold 20, and a supplying unit 40 that supplies the silica powder 200 into the cavity 20c inside the mold 20.
- the cavity 20c of the mold 20 has a concave shape that matches the outer shape of the silica glass crucible 11 to be manufactured.
- the rotating means 30 is disposed below the mold 20, and rotates the mold 20 around the center of the bottom of the cavity 20c of the mold 20.
- the supply means 40 has a sending part 41 and a diffusing part 42.
- the delivery unit 41 delivers the silica powder 200 so as to drop the silica powder 200 to a position away from the inner wall surface 20a inside the mold 20 (cavity 20c).
- the delivery unit 41 has, for example, a mining means for dropping the silica powder 200.
- the mineral supply means include a pipe, a trough, and a scoop for dropping the silica powder 200.
- an example is shown in which the silica powder 200 is dropped by a ore feeding pipe 410 as a ore feeding means.
- the diffusion unit 42 has a function of converting the moving direction of the silica powder 200 delivered from the delivery unit 41 from the falling position to the inner wall surface 20a side, and expanding the diffusion angle from the falling position of the silica powder 200 to the inner wall surface 20a.
- the diffusion unit 42 has a turntable 420.
- the rotating disk 420 is, for example, a disk-shaped plate material, and has a shaft 42a at the center.
- the shaft 42a is rotatably provided by the drive mechanism 430. That is, the turntable 420 is provided so as to be horizontally rotatable by the rotation drive of the drive mechanism 430.
- the rotary disk 420 is not necessarily limited to a disk shape, and may be a square shape or a polygonal shape.
- the drive mechanism 430 has a mechanism for moving the turntable 420 in the vertical direction (depth direction of the cavity 20c).
- the drive mechanism 430 can change the height of the turntable 420 by moving the shaft 42a forward and backward, for example.
- the drive mechanism 430 may have a mechanism for moving the turntable 420 in the left-right direction (the radial direction of the opening of the cavity 20c).
- the drive mechanism 430 can change the relative positions of the turntable 420 and the inner wall surface 20a.
- the delivery port of the ore feed pipe 410 is arranged above the turntable 420.
- the silica powder 200 introduced from the delivery port of the ore feed pipe 410 falls on the upper surface 420a of the turntable 420.
- the silica powder 200 that has dropped onto the upper surface 420a of the turntable 420 receives the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the turntable 420 and spreads outward.
- the moving direction of the silica powder 200 is from the falling direction (the direction from the outlet of the feed pipe 410 toward the falling position) to the outside along the upper surface 420a of the turntable 420 (from the falling position to the inner wall surface 20a of the mold 20).
- the silica powder 200 advances while accelerating on the upper surface 420a of the rotating disk 420 toward the outer peripheral side, and spreads radially. That is, the diffusion angle of the silica powder 200 is expanded and the silica powder 200 jumps out toward the inner wall surface 20a.
- Examples of materials for the turntable 420 include quartz and ceramics (SiC, alumina, zirconia oxide, etc.).
- the silica powder 200 that has fallen from the ore feed pipe 410 hits the upper surface 420a of the turntable 420 and rolls while coming into contact with it, so a material with less wear is desired.
- the surface (top surface 420a) of the turntable 420 has a Mohs hardness of 5 or more.
- the reduction of wear suppresses the deformation of the rotary disk 420, and the scattering direction of the silica powder 200 and the thickness of the silica powder 200 attached to the mold 20 can be stabilized. Further, it is possible to suppress the generation of dust from the surface of the rotary disk 420 due to the contact with the silica powder 200.
- the highest element of alkali metals, aluminum, iron or calcium is preferably 1000 ppm or less, and the concentration of metal impurities is more preferably 20 ppm or less per element. ..
- the silica glass crucible 11 to be manufactured will also have the metal impurities left.
- a silicon single crystal is manufactured by the CZ method using the silica glass crucible 11 in which metal impurities are mixed, it causes crystal defects.
- the concentration of the metal impurities in the rotating disk 420 is 20 ppm or less per element, even if the metal impurities are mixed in the silica glass crucible 11, significant crystal defects will occur in the silicon single crystal produced by the CZ method. Is not the amount to generate. This makes it possible to suppress the occurrence of crystal defects in the silicon single crystal manufactured using this silica glass crucible 11 and manufacture a high-quality silicon single crystal.
- the diameter of the turntable 420 is 9% of the inner diameter of the mold 20 because the turntable 420 is arranged in the cavity 20c of the mold 20. It is preferably not less than 76% and not more than 76%.
- the diameter of the turntable 420 is smaller than 9% of the inner diameter of the mold 20, a sufficient amount of the silica powder 200 cannot be received by the turntable 420, and the silica powder 200 blown toward the inner wall surface 20a of the mold 20 cannot be received. The quantity will decrease. Therefore, it takes a long time to add the desired amount of silica powder 200.
- the diameter of the rotary disc 420 exceeds 76% of the inner diameter of the mold 20, it becomes difficult to handle the rotary disc 420 when taking it in and out of the mold 20. Furthermore, the diffusion angle of the silica powder 200 on the rotating disk 420 becomes too wide, and variations in the amount of the silica powder 200 attached to the mold 20 are likely to occur.
- ⁇ Diffusion operation of silica powder> As shown in FIG. 2A, when the silica powder 200 falls on a predetermined position on the upper surface 420a of the turntable 420, the silica powder 200 spreads toward the outer circumference of the turntable 420 due to inertia caused by friction with the upper surface 420a. .. Then, the silica powder 200 jumps out from the outer circumference of the rotating disk 420 and hits the inner wall surface 20 a of the mold 20.
- the silica powder 200 falls onto the upper surface 420a of the turntable 420, receives the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the turntable 420 by contacting the upper surface 420a, and moves from the drop position of the upper surface 420a to the inner wall surface 20a side of the mold 20. change.
- the locus when rolling (advancing) to the outer periphery of the rotary disc 420 changes depending on the distance between the position on the upper surface 420a of the silica powder 200 and the rotation center of the rotary disc 420.
- the diffusion range of the silica powder 200 continuously supplied expands toward the outer circumference of the rotary disc 420 and jumps out toward the inner wall surface 20a of the mold 20 with a predetermined diffusion angle.
- the silica powder 200 supplied by falling (for example, natural falling) is applied with a horizontal component force by hitting the turntable 420.
- the silica powder 200 continuously supplied spreads while accelerating, jumps out toward the inner wall surface 20a of the mold 20, and hits the inner wall surface 20a.
- a gas for spraying the silica powder 200 toward the inner wall surface 20a is not necessary, and a large amount of silica powder 200 can be widely spread per unit time by dropping, changing the direction by the turntable 420 and widening the diffusion angle.
- the silica powder 200 protruding from the rotary disc 420 toward the inner wall surface 20a is pressed against the inner wall surface 20a by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the mold 20. Become.
- the silica powder 200 is gradually deposited on the inner wall surface 20a to form the silica powder layer 210.
- the rotating direction of the turntable 420 and the rotating direction of the mold 20 may be the same or opposite, but the same is preferable. If the rotating direction of the turntable 420 and the rotating direction of the mold 20 are the same, the difference in relative speed between the turntable 420 and the mold 20 is small, and the turntable 420 jumps out and sticks to the inner wall surface 20a. At this time, it becomes easy to suppress the deviation of the silica powder 200 in the rotation direction. When the deviation of the silica powder 200 in the rotation direction is suppressed, the deposition in the direction orthogonal to the inner wall surface 20a can be efficiently performed.
- the number of rotations of the turntable 420 is preferably 100 rpm or more and 5000 rpm or less. If the rotation speed of the turntable 420 is faster than 5000 rpm, the silica powder 200 is scattered too much, and the amount of the silica powder 200 flying toward the inner wall surface 20a is reduced. On the other hand, when the rotation speed of the turntable 420 is slower than 100 rpm, the silica powder 200 does not jump out in the horizontal direction at a sufficient speed, and is unlikely to adhere to the inner wall surface 20a.
- the more preferable rotation speed of the turntable 420 is 100 rpm or more and 4500 rpm or less.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart schematically showing a manufacturing process of a silica glass crucible.
- FIGS. 5A to 6B are schematic views for explaining a method for manufacturing a silica glass crucible.
- the silica glass crucible 11 is manufactured by a rotational molding method.
- the rotary molding method is a method of manufacturing the silica glass crucible 11 by forming the silica powder layer 210 inside the rotating mold 20 (inner wall surface 20a), and arc melting and cooling the silica powder layer 210.
- the mold 20 is rotated as shown in step S101.
- the mold 20 is rotated at a speed at which the silica powder 200 charged into the cavity 20c is held on the inner wall surface 20a by a centrifugal force.
- step S102 the turntable 420 is inserted and rotated.
- the turntable 420 is inserted into the cavity 20c by the drive mechanism 430, and is arranged at a predetermined height and at a predetermined distance from the inner wall surface 20a. Further, the drive mechanism 430 rotates the turntable 420 arranged in the cavity 20c at a predetermined rotation speed.
- step S103 the silica powder 200 is dropped.
- the silica powder 200 is dropped and dropped from the ore feed pipe 410 to the upper surface 420a of the turntable 420 while the turntable 420 is being rotated.
- the silica powder 200 that has fallen onto the upper surface 420a of the rotary disk 420 will spread toward the outer peripheral side due to the friction and inertial force on the rotary disk 420 and will fly out toward the inner wall surface 20a of the mold 20.
- step S104 the position of the turntable 420 is controlled. That is, while the drive mechanism 430 controls the height of the turntable 420 and the distance from the inner wall surface 20a, the silica powder 200 is continuously dropped. Thereby, as shown in step S105, the silica powder layer 210 is formed on the mold 20. At this time, the silica powder 200 is charged while adjusting the relative positions of the turntable 420 and the inner wall surface 20a. This makes it possible to control the thickness of the silica powder layer 210 at a predetermined position while adjusting the flying distance of the silica powder 200 and the position of the inner wall surface 20a of the mold 20 in the height direction.
- the excess silica powder 200 is scraped off with a pestle or the like to form a predetermined thickness.
- the silica powder 200 in order to correspond to the natural layer on the outer side and the synthetic layer on the inner side of the silica glass crucible 11, first, as shown in FIG. The layer 2101 is formed. Since the first silica powder layer 2101 becomes a natural layer of the silica glass crucible 11, for example, natural quartz powder is used as the first silica powder 201.
- the second silica powder 202 is added as the silica powder 200 to form the second silica powder layer 2102.
- the second silica powder layer 2102 is a synthetic layer of the silica glass crucible 11, and therefore, for example, synthetic silica powder is used as the second silica powder 202.
- step S106 arc melting and pressure reduction shown in step S106 are performed.
- the arc electrode 50 is installed in the cavity 20 c of the mold 20, and arc discharge is performed from the inside of the mold 20 while rotating the mold 20, so that the entire silica powder layer 210 has a temperature of 1720° C. or higher. Heat to melt.
- the pressure is reduced from the mold 20 side at the same time as the heating, the gas inside the silica is sucked to the outer layer side through the vent holes 21 provided in the mold 20, and the voids in the silica powder layer being heated are degassed. Remove air bubbles on the inner surface. As a result, the transparent layer 13 containing substantially no bubbles is formed.
- the thickness of the transparent layer 13 can be adjusted by depressurizing time and pressure.
- the mold 20 is provided with a cooling means (not shown). As a result, the silica that forms the outer surface of the silica glass crucible 11 is prevented from vitrifying.
- the cooling temperature by the cooling means is a temperature at which silica remains as a sintered body and powder without vitrification.
- the decompression for degassing is weakened or stopped while continuing the heating, and the bubbles are left to form the non-transparent layer 15 containing many minute bubbles.
- step S107 power supply to the arc electrode 50 is stopped, and the fused silica glass is cooled to form the shape of the silica glass crucible 11.
- step S108 the outer surface OS of the silica glass crucible 11 is subjected to sandblasting to finish it to a predetermined surface roughness. Then, in the rim cut shown in step S109, as shown in FIG. 6B, a part of the upper end side of the side wall portion 11a of the silica glass crucible 11 taken out from the mold 20 is cut to reduce the height of the silica glass crucible 11. adjust.
- the inside of the mold 20 is The direction of the silica powder 200 dropped into (inside the cavity 20c) is converted from the dropping position toward the inner wall surface 20a, and the diffusion angle from the dropping position to the inner wall surface 20a can be expanded. For this reason, the silica powder 200 can be efficiently and efficiently spread over a wide range of the inner wall surface 20a of the mold 20 in a short time.
- Example 1 A quartz disk (rotating disk 420) is inserted inside the mold (mold 20) rotating at 60 rpm (cavity 20c), and natural quartz powder is dropped onto the rotated quartz disk at a rate of 30 kg/min. The quartz powder was blown horizontally and attached to the inner surface of the wall of the mold. At that time, the disk was moved up and down and evenly attached to the wall. After that, a uniform natural quartz powder layer was formed on the inner surface of the mold by adjusting the shape with a pestle or the like.
- the synthetic quartz powder is rotated and dropped on a rotating disc, the quartz powder is blown in the horizontal direction and pasted on the inner surface of the wall of the mold, and then the shape is adjusted with a pestle or the like to achieve a uniform synthesis.
- a quartz powder layer was formed.
- two uniform crucible-shaped quartz powder compacts were formed inside the mold.
- Natural quartz powder was poured into the inner wall portion of the mold rotating at 60 rpm at a rate of 1 kg/min without using the turntable 420. After the quartz powder adhered to the wall, the shape of the quartz powder was adjusted with a pestle or the like to form a natural quartz powder layer on the inner surface of the mold. At this time, a large amount of quartz powder flowed down from the wall of the mold to the bottom, and the layer thickness at the bottom was thicker than at the wall. Subsequently, synthetic quartz powder was poured into the wall portion at the same speed. After the quartz powder adhered to the wall, the shape was adjusted with a pestle or the like to form a synthetic quartz powder layer on the inner surface of the mold. As a result, a crucible-shaped two-layer quartz powder compact was formed inside the mold, but the bottom had a thicker distribution than the wall.
- Example 2 Quartz is used for the rotating plate 420, a high-purity plate material (metal impurities such as Al and Fe is 18 ppm or less) is used, a quartz powder layer is formed under the same conditions as in Example 1, and arc melting is performed. A quartz crucible was created. As a result of analyzing the synthetic layer on the inner surface of the produced quartz crucible, all the metal elements were below the lower limit of quantification.
- metal impurities such as Al and Fe is 18 ppm or less
- Quartz was used for the turntable 420, a low-purity plate material (50 ppm or more of Al, Fe, etc.) was used, a quartz powder layer was molded under the same conditions as in Example 1, and a quartz crucible was formed by arc melting. Created. As a result of analyzing the synthetic layer on the inner surface of the prepared quartz crucible, impurities were detected.
- Example 3 A quartz powder layer was molded under the same conditions as in Example 1 by using alumina ceramics on the rotating disk 420, and a quartz crucible was prepared by arc melting. After repeating this 300 times, the unevenness of the surface (upper surface 420a) of the turntable 420 was measured. The depth of the dent was 0.1 mm or less even at the most recessed part, and the scattering direction of the quartz powder was stable when the quartz powder was dropped onto the disk.
- Example 4 A quartz powder layer was molded under the same conditions as in Example 1 by using a vinyl chloride plate on the rotating disk 420, and a quartz crucible was prepared by arc melting. After repeating this 300 times, the unevenness of the surface (upper surface 420a) of the turntable 420 was measured. The depth of the dent reaches 1 mm in the most recessed part, and the direction of dispersion of the quartz powder when the quartz powder is dropped on the disk is different from that of a new product, and it is attached to the wall inside the mold. Also, the variation in the thickness of the raw material powder became large.
- Comparative Example 5 the quartz powder could not be sufficiently accelerated on the upper surface 420a of the turntable 420 and almost fell to the bottom of the mold.
- Comparative Example 6 a large proportion of the quartz powder moved in the rotation direction on the upper surface 420a of the turntable 420, and a large proportion dropped to the bottom portion instead of the wall portion.
- the quartz powder on the wall dropped, and it was not possible to mold with a uniform raw material powder thickness.
- Natural quartz powder was sprayed from the nozzle inside the mold rotating at 60 rpm. A natural quartz powder layer was formed at a carrier gas flow rate of 2.0 m/s. Subsequently, synthetic quartz powder was sprayed from a nozzle to form a synthetic quartz powder layer. When the carrier gas flow rate was 2.0 m/s, the natural quartz powder in the sprayed portion collapsed due to wind pressure, and the thickness of the natural quartz powder layer was not uniform.
- FIG. 7 shows another example of the turntable 420.
- the turntable 420 shown in FIG. 7 includes a support member 421 that is a disk-shaped plate member, and a covering member 422 that covers the surface of the support member 421.
- the material of the supporting member 42 metal, resin, ceramic, or the like is used.
- a resin material having elasticity such as fluororesin and rubber is used.
- the silica powder 200 comes into contact with the upper surface 420a of the turntable 420, the elasticity of the covering member 422 suppresses scratches and wear of the support member 421.
- the silica glass crucible 11 disappears during arc melting in the manufacturing process, and therefore does not remain as an impurity.
- the concentration of impurities such as metal elements that do not disappear is preferably 20 ppm or less per element.
- FIG. 8A and 8B show an example of a turntable 420 having steps.
- 8A shows a side view of the turntable 420
- FIG. 8B shows a plan view of the turntable 420.
- a step portion 420b is provided at the center of the upper surface 420a.
- the silica powder 200 is charged, the silica powder 200 is dropped onto the upper surface 420a outside the step portion 420b. As a result, the silica powder 200 diffuses outside the step portion 420b, so that the range in which the silica powder 200 is blown from the rotary disk 420 can be narrowed.
- FIG. 9(a) and 9(b) show an example in which a plurality of ore feed pipes 410 are provided.
- the rotating disks 420 are arranged on opposite sides of the shaft 42a.
- the silica powder 200 charged from the one ore feeding pipe 410 is diffused and discharged to one side of the upper surface 420a of the turntable 420, and the silica powder 200 introduced from the other ore feeding pipe 410 is turned to the turntable 420. Is diffused and emitted to the other side of the upper surface 420a.
- the shaft 42a of the rotary disk 420 may be arranged on the rotary shaft of the mold 20. As a result, it becomes possible to uniformly and quickly deposit a desired amount of the silica powder 200 onto a wide range along the circumferential direction of the inner wall surface 20a of the mold 20.
- FIG. 9 shows an example in which two supply pipes 410 are provided, but three or more supply pipes 410 may be provided.
- FIG. 10A and 10B show an example of another diffusing section 42.
- the diffusion part 42 shown in FIG. 10A has a conical disc 425.
- the conical disc 425 When the conical disc 425 is used, the silica powder 200 is dropped to a predetermined position on the upper surface 425a of the conical disc 425. As a result, the falling silica powder 200 is diverted radially along the upper surface 425a while being redirected at the upper surface 425a of the conical disc 425 and is discharged.
- the diffusing section 42 shown in FIG. 10B has a curved board 426.
- the shape of the upper surface 426a of the curved board 426 is a shape obtained by rotating a predetermined curve from the center toward the outer edge.
- the shape of the upper surface 426a of the curved surface plate 426 is configured by various curves such as a shape obtained by rotating a curve that descends from the center to the outer edge and rises from the middle.
- the silica powder 200 When using the curved board 426, the silica powder 200 is dropped to a predetermined position on the upper surface 426a of the curved board 426. As a result, the silica powder 200 that has fallen is redirected on the upper surface 426a of the curved surface plate 426 and is radially diffused and discharged along the upper surface 426a. The trajectory during ejection is controlled by the shape of the upper surface 426a. When using such a curved board 426, it is not necessary to rotate the curved board 426.
- the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction may be changed.
- the emission angle of the silica powder 200 and the vertical diffusion angle can be adjusted according to the inclination angle.
- the stable silica powder layer 210 can be formed in the mold 20 in a short time. This makes it possible to provide the silica glass crucible 11 suitable for producing a silicon single crystal for semiconductors by the CZ method. Further, it becomes possible to manufacture a silicon single crystal (ingot) in which crystal defects are suppressed by the CZ method using this silica glass crucible 11.
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Abstract
Description
図2(a)および(b)は、拡散部を例示する模式図である。
図2(a)には拡散部42の平面図が示され、図2(b)には拡散部42の側面図が示される。
図3(a)および(b)は、シリカガラスルツボを例示する模式図である。
図3(a)にはシリカガラスルツボ11の斜視図が示され、図3(b)にはシリカガラスルツボ11の断面図が示される。
先ず、本実施形態に係る製造装置1で製造されるシリカガラスルツボ11について説明する。
図3に示すように、シリカガラスルツボ11は、相対的に曲率の大きいコーナ部11bと、上面に開口した縁部を有する円筒状の側壁部11aと、直線または相対的に曲率の小さい曲線からなるすり鉢状の底部11cと、を有する。
次に、本実施形態に係るシリカガラスルツボ11の製造装置1について説明する。
図1に示すように、製造装置1は、回転モールド法で上記のシリカガラスルツボ11を製造する際のモールド20の内壁面20aにシリカ粉層210を形成するための装置である。モールド20の材料としては、例えばカーボンなどが挙げられる。製造装置1は、モールド20を回転させる回転手段30と、モールド20の内側であるキャビティ20c内にシリカ粉200を供給する供給手段40と、を備える。
図2(a)に示すように、回転盤420の上面420aの所定位置にシリカ粉200が落下すると、シリカ粉200は上面420aとの摩擦による慣性で回転盤420の外周に向けて拡がっていく。そして、シリカ粉200は回転盤420の外周から飛び出してモールド20の内壁面20aに飛着する。すなわち、シリカ粉200は回転盤420の上面420aへ落下し、上面420aに接触することで回転盤420の回転による遠心力を受けて上面420aの落下位置からモールド20の内壁面20a側に移動方向を変える。
次に、本実施形態に係るシリカガラスルツボ11の製造方法を説明する。
図4は、シリカガラスルツボの製造工程を概略的に示すフローチャートである。
また、図5(a)~図6(b)は、シリカガラスルツボの製造方法を説明するための模式図である。
シリカガラスルツボ11は回転モールド法によって製造される。回転モールド法は、回転するモールド20の内側(内壁面20a)にシリカ粉層210を形成し、シリカ粉層210をアーク熔融および冷却することでシリカガラスルツボ11を製造する方法である。
次に、本実施形態に係る製造装置1および製造方法を適用した実施例と、比較例とを説明する。
モールド(モールド20)を60rpmで回転させている内側(キャビティ20c内)に石英円盤(回転盤420)を挿入し、回転させた石英円盤上に天然石英粉を30kg/分の速度で落下させ、石英粉を水平方向へ飛ばしてモールドの壁部内面に貼り付けた。その際、円盤を上下させて壁部に均一に貼り付けた。その後、すりきり棒などで形状を整えることでモールド内面に均一な天然石英粉層を形成した。続いて、合成石英粉を回転、上下させている円盤上に落下させ、石英粉を水平方向へ飛ばしてモールドの壁部内面に貼り付けた後、すりきり棒などで形状を整えることで均一な合成石英粉層を形成した。この結果、モールド内部にルツボ形状の均一な2層の石英粉成型体が形成された。
モールドを60rpmで回転させている内側の壁部に、回転盤420を用いることなく天然石英粉を30kg/分の速度で流し入れた。天然石英粉の一部はモールドの壁部に付着したが、殆どはモールドの底部に落下してしまい、石英粉成型体を形成できなかった。
モールドを60rpmで回転させている内側の壁部に、回転盤420を用いることなく天然石英粉を1kg/分の速度で流し入れた。石英粉が壁部に付着した後、すりきり棒などで形状を整えることでモールド内面に天然石英粉層を形成した。このとき、モールドの壁部から底部に流れ落ちる石英粉が多く、壁部よりも底部の層厚が厚くなった。続いて、合成石英粉を壁部に同様の速度で流し入れた。石英粉が壁部に付着した後、その後すりきり棒などで形状を整えることでモールド内面に合成石英粉層を形成した。この結果、モールド内部にルツボ形状の2層の石英粉成型体を形成したが、底部のほうが壁部よりも厚い分布となった。
回転盤420に石英を使用し、板の材質を高純度のもの(Al、Feなどの金属不純物が18ppm以下)を使用し、実施例1と同じ条件で石英粉層を成型し、アーク溶融によって石英ルツボを作成した。作成した石英ルツボの内表面の合成層を分析した結果、いずれの金属元素も定量下限以下であった。
回転盤420に石英を使用し、板の材質を低純度のもの(Al、Feなどが50ppm以上)を使用し、実施例1と同じ条件で石英粉層を成型し、アーク溶融によって石英ルツボを作成した。作成した石英ルツボの内表面の合成層を分析した結果、不純物が検出された。
回転盤420にアルミナセラミックスを用いて実施例1と同じ条件で石英粉層を成型し、アーク溶融によって石英ルツボを作成した。これを300回繰り返した後、回転盤420の表面(上面420a)の凹凸を測定した。最も窪んでいる箇所でもくぼみの深さは0.1mm以下で、円盤上に石英粉を落下させた際の石英粉の飛散方向は安定していた。
回転盤420に塩化ビニル板を用いて実施例1と同じ条件で石英粉層を成型し、アーク溶融によって石英ルツボを作成した。これを300回繰り返した後、回転盤420の表面(上面420a)の凹凸を測定した。最も窪んでいる箇所ではくぼみの深さは1mmに達し、円盤上に石英粉を落下させた際の石英粉の飛散方向は新品時と比べて変化しており、モールド内の壁部に貼り付けた原料粉の厚さのばらつきが大きくなった。
比較例5、実施例4、実施例5および比較例6では、以下の表1に示すように回転盤420の径を変更して原料粉(石英粉)の成型を行った。
比較例7、実施例6、実施例7、実施例8および比較例8では、以下の表2に示すように回転盤420の回転数を変えて原料の成型を行った。
モールドを60rpmで回転させている内側にノズルから天然石英粉を吹きつけた。キャリアガスの流速を2.0m/sとして天然石英粉層を形成した。続いて合成石英粉をノズルから吹き付けて合成石英粉層を形成した。キャリアガスの流速を2.0m/sで行ったが、吹き付けた部分の天然石英粉が風圧で崩れてしまい、天然石英粉層の厚みが均一ではなくなった。
次に、他の供給手段40について説明する。
図7~図10(b)は、他の供給手段について説明する模式図である。
図7には、回転盤420の他の例が示される。図7に示す回転盤420は、円盤状の板材である支持部材421と、支持部材421の表面を覆う被覆部材422と、を有する。
図9に示す例では、回転盤420の軸42aを中心として互いに反対側に配置される。これにより、一方の給鉱管410から投入されたシリカ粉200は回転盤420の上面420aの一方側に拡散して放出され、他方の給鉱管410から投入されたシリカ粉200は回転盤420の上面420aの他方側に拡散して放出される。
図10(a)に示す拡散部42は、円錐盤425を有する。円錐盤425を用いる場合、シリカ粉200を円錐盤425の上面425aの所定位置に落下させる。これにより、落下したシリカ粉200は円錐盤425の上面425aで方向転換しつつ上面425aに沿って放射状に拡散して放出される。このような円錐盤425を用いる場合、円錐盤425を必ずしも回転させる必要はない。
11…シリカガラスルツボ
11a…側壁部
11b…コーナ部
11c…底部
13…透明層
15…非透明層
20…モールド
20a…内壁面
20c…キャビティ
21…通気孔
30…回転手段
40…供給手段
41…送出部
42…拡散部
42a…軸
50…アーク電極
200…シリカ粉
201…第1シリカ粉
202…第2シリカ粉
210…シリカ粉層
410…給鉱管
420…回転盤
420a…上面
420b…段差部
421…支持部材
422…被覆部材
425…円錐盤
425a…上面
426…曲面盤
426a…上面
430…駆動機構
2101…第1シリカ粉層
2102…第2シリカ粉層
IS…内表面
OS…外表面
Claims (10)
- 回転するモールドの内側にシリカ粉層を形成するシリカガラスルツボの製造装置であって、
前記モールドを回転させる回転手段と、
前記モールドの内側にシリカ粉を供給する供給手段と、
を備え、
前記供給手段は、
前記シリカ粉を前記モールドの内側における前記モールドの内壁面から離れた位置に落下させるように送り出す送出部と、
前記送出部から送り出された前記シリカ粉の移動方向を落下位置から前記内壁面側に変換するとともに、前記シリカ粉の前記落下位置から前記内壁面に向けた拡散角度を拡げる拡散部と、を有する、シリカガラスルツボの製造装置。 - 前記拡散部は回転盤を有し、
前記回転盤は、前記送出部から送り出された前記シリカ粉を前記回転盤の表面で受ける、請求項1記載のシリカガラスルツボの製造装置。 - 前記拡散部は、前記回転盤と前記内壁面との相対的な位置を変化させる駆動機構を有する、請求項2記載のシリカガラスルツボの製造装置。
- 前記回転盤の表面の硬さは、モース硬度5以上である、請求項2または3に記載のシリカガラスルツボの製造装置。
- 前記回転盤の直径は、前記モールドの内径の9%以上76%以下である、請求項2から4のいずれか1項に記載のシリカガラスルツボの製造装置。
- 前記回転盤の表面の材料における金属不純物の濃度は一つの元素あたり20ppm以下である、請求項2から5のいずれか1項に記載のシリカガラスルツボの製造装置。
- 回転するモールドの内側にシリカ粉層を形成するシリカガラスルツボの製造方法であって、
前記モールドを回転させた状態でシリカ粉を前記モールドの内側における前記モールドの内壁面から離れた位置に落下させる工程と、
落下させた前記シリカ粉の移動方向を落下位置から前記内壁面側に変換するとともに、前記シリカ粉の前記落下位置から前記内壁面に向けた拡散角度を拡げて前記内壁面側に飛散させて前記シリカ粉層を形成する工程と、
前記シリカ粉層を溶融した後、冷却する工程と、
を備えたシリカガラスルツボの製造方法。 - 前記シリカ粉層を形成する工程は、落下させた前記シリカ粉を回転盤の表面で受けることで前記シリカ粉の方向変換および拡散角度の広角化を行う、請求項7記載のシリカガラスルツボの製造方法。
- 前記シリカ粉層を形成する工程は、前記回転盤と前記内壁面との相対的な位置を変化させながら前記シリカ粉層の厚さを制御する、請求項8記載のシリカガラスルツボの製造方法。
- 前記シリカ粉層を形成する工程において、前記回転盤の回転数は100rpm以上5000rpm以下である、請求項8または9に記載のシリカガラスルツボの製造方法。
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| KR20210079346A (ko) | 2021-06-29 |
| CN113423669B (zh) | 2023-05-23 |
| CN113423669A (zh) | 2021-09-21 |
| US12091346B2 (en) | 2024-09-17 |
| JP2020111483A (ja) | 2020-07-27 |
| DE112020000373T5 (de) | 2021-10-07 |
| US20220009815A1 (en) | 2022-01-13 |
| KR102543612B1 (ko) | 2023-06-14 |
| JP7157932B2 (ja) | 2022-10-21 |
| DE112020000373B4 (de) | 2025-10-30 |
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