WO2020063285A1 - 一种防指纹终端壳体和终端 - Google Patents

一种防指纹终端壳体和终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020063285A1
WO2020063285A1 PCT/CN2019/104378 CN2019104378W WO2020063285A1 WO 2020063285 A1 WO2020063285 A1 WO 2020063285A1 CN 2019104378 W CN2019104378 W CN 2019104378W WO 2020063285 A1 WO2020063285 A1 WO 2020063285A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fingerprint
protrusions
terminal
housing
depressions
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2019/104378
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨洪生
胡邦红
李云刚
潘露璐
马戎
吕旺春
司合帅
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP19867536.5A priority Critical patent/EP3785815A4/en
Publication of WO2020063285A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020063285A1/zh
Priority to US17/130,280 priority patent/US20210107045A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
    • C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
    • C03C21/002—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
    • B08B17/02—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust
    • B08B17/06—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust by giving articles subject to fouling a special shape or arrangement
    • B08B17/065—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust by giving articles subject to fouling a special shape or arrangement the surface having a microscopic surface pattern to achieve the same effect as a lotus flower
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C15/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/28—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/28—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material
    • C03C17/32—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with synthetic or natural resins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C23/00—Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
    • C03C23/0075—Cleaning of glass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0006—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means to keep optical surfaces clean, e.g. by preventing or removing dirt, stains, contamination, condensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • H04M1/0266—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components for a display module assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/18—Telephone sets specially adapted for use in ships, mines, or other places exposed to adverse environment
    • H04M1/185—Improving the rigidity of the casing or resistance to shocks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/0017—Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus with operator interface units
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
    • C03C2217/76—Hydrophobic and oleophobic coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/0279—Improving the user comfort or ergonomics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/18—Telephone sets specially adapted for use in ships, mines, or other places exposed to adverse environment

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of electronic communications technologies, and in particular, to a housing of a terminal device.
  • Fingerprints and dirt are currently worldwide problems faced by the housings of terminal products such as the front cover and back cover of mobile phones. Because these shell materials (such as glass, plastic, metal, etc.) have hydrophilic and lipophilic properties, fingerprints and dirt can easily adhere to their surfaces, which affects their physical properties such as optical transmission and friction coefficient. Affect the user experience.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide an anti-fingerprint terminal housing.
  • a raised or recessed structure formed by the housing substrate itself is constructed, and the protrusions and recesses are designed and controlled. Distribution and size, to obtain a housing with good anti-dirt, fingerprint resistance and high light transmission, low haze, high abrasion resistance, in order to solve the anti-dirt and Problems with poor fingerprint performance.
  • the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a fingerprint-proof terminal housing, which includes a housing substrate, the housing substrate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and the first surface faces the terminal. Outside, the second surface faces the inside of the terminal, and the first surface is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart protrusions or depressions formed by the housing base material itself, and any two adjacent protrusions or depressions.
  • the distance between the borders on the same side is in the range of 1nm-900nm
  • the height of the protrusion is in the range of 1nm-400nm
  • the depth of the depression is in the range of 1nm-400nm.
  • a distance between any two adjacent borders of the protrusions or depressions on the same side is in a range of 1 nm to 400 nm. Further, the distance between any two adjacent borders of the protrusions or depressions on the same side is in the range of 100 nm-300 nm.
  • a distance between any two adjacent borders of the protrusions or depressions on the same side is in a range of more than 400 nm and less than or equal to 900 nm.
  • the height of the protrusion is in a range of 50 nm-200 nm, and the depth of the depression is in a range of 50 nm-200 nm.
  • an area ratio of a plurality of the protrusions or an area ratio of a region other than the plurality of depressions is less than or equal to 2/3.
  • an area ratio of a plurality of the protrusions or an area ratio of a region other than the plurality of depressions is less than or equal to 1/2.
  • an area ratio of a plurality of the protrusions or an area ratio of a region other than the plurality of depressions is greater than or equal to 1/10 and less than or equal to 1/2.
  • a gap size between any two adjacent protrusions is larger than 1/2 a distance between the boundaries.
  • the size of the gap between any two adjacent recesses is less than or equal to 1/2 the distance between the boundaries.
  • the first surface is further provided with an anti-fingerprint coating, the anti-fingerprint coating completely covers the first surface and completely covers the plurality of convex or concave surfaces, and the anti-fingerprint coating
  • the material includes at least one of fluorosilane, alkylsiloxane, and tetrafluoropolyether.
  • the visible light transmittance of the anti-fingerprint terminal housing is greater than 80%.
  • the haze of the anti-fingerprint terminal housing is less than 5%, and the water contact angle of the first surface is greater than or equal to 110 °.
  • the material of the shell substrate is glass, plastic or metal.
  • the terminal case may be a flat type case or a curved type case.
  • the anti-fingerprint terminal housing provided by the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention has a micro-nano level convex or concave structure on the surface constructed by the housing substrate itself and has a specific size design, so that the surface of the terminal housing is resistant to Dirt, fingerprint resistance, low friction coefficient, high optical transmittance and low haze characteristics, while having high mechanical strength and wear resistance, which can greatly improve the user experience.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal.
  • the terminal includes a housing, and a display module and an electronic component module housed in the housing.
  • the display module and the electronic element The device module is electrically connected, and the housing includes the fingerprint-proof terminal housing provided by the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-fingerprint terminal housing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the liquid droplet infiltration on the surface of the anti-fingerprint terminal housing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing process of an anti-fingerprint terminal housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing process of an anti-fingerprint terminal housing according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a preparation process of an anti-fingerprint terminal housing according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of setting a recessed structure on a surface of a terminal housing in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of setting a hole array on a surface of a terminal housing in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of setting a convex structure on a surface of a terminal housing in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • glass is commonly used in communication electronic products such as mobile phones, for example, as a front screen cover and a rear cover of a mobile phone.
  • fingerprints and dirt cannot be avoided, which affects the user experience.
  • the industry usually sets an anti-fingerprint coating on the glass surface, but this method cannot fundamentally solve the problems of fingerprints and dirt residues.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-fingerprint terminal housing 100, which includes a housing substrate 10, which includes a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 opposite to each other.
  • the surface 101 faces the outside of the terminal, the second surface 102 faces the inside of the terminal, and the first surface 101 is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart depressions 201 formed by the housing base material 10 itself.
  • the distance d between the borders of the depressions 201 on the same side is in the range of 1 nm-900 nm, and the depth of the depressions is in the range of 1 nm-400 nm.
  • the first surface 101 is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart protrusions formed by the housing base material 10 itself, and any two adjacent protrusions are located on the same side boundary. The distance between them is in the range of 1 nm-900 nm, and the height of the protrusions is in the range of 1 nm-400 nm.
  • the existence of the convex or concave structure of the specific size design of the anti-fingerprint terminal housing can change the water and oil affinity of the surface of the housing, so that the housing can obtain good anti-fouling and fingerprint-resistant effects;
  • the convex or concave structure is constructed by the shell substrate itself, so it has high mechanical strength and abrasion resistance, which can ensure that the surface of the shell still has good anti-fouling and fingerprint resistance after long-term use.
  • the convex The raised or recessed structure can be controlled in shape and size through the etching process, eliminating or reducing light scattering, diffraction / interference and other phenomena on the raised or recessed structure, thereby ensuring high light transmission and low haze. Housing to meet user needs.
  • the convex or concave structure is a fine mechanism structure invisible to the naked eye.
  • the housing surface is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and a large amount of air exists between the minute gaps 202 formed by adjacent protrusions, so that the liquid droplets can only infiltrate the protrusions.
  • the air in the micro gap 202 cannot be excluded and comes into contact with the surface of the casing, thereby expanding the contact interface between the droplet and the air. Therefore, the droplet does not automatically expand, but maintains its sphere shape and detaches from the surface of the casing. Achieve excellent anti-fouling and anti-fingerprint effects.
  • a distance between any two adjacent borders of the protrusions or depressions on the same side is in a range of 1 nm to 400 nm. Further, the distance between the borders of any two adjacent ones of the protrusions or depressions on the same side is in the range of 100nm-300nm or 150nm-350nm, and further, any two adjacent ones of the protrusions or depressions The distance between the boundaries on the same side is in the range of 150nm-250nm.
  • the distance between the borders of any two adjacent adjacent protrusions or depressions on the same side is in a range of greater than 400 nm and less than or equal to 900 nm. Further, a distance between any two adjacent borders of the protrusions or depressions on the same side is in a range of 500 nm-800 nm.
  • the size of the distance between the boundaries determines the size of the protrusions or depressions, which directly affects the performance of the surface of the housing.
  • the appropriate size setting can achieve a good anti-fingerprint effect and high transmission. Rate, low haze optical effect.
  • the optical properties (such as haze and visible light transmittance) of the casing are relatively reduced, and the manufacturing process is relatively increased in the process of reducing the size.
  • the height of the protrusion is in a range of 50nm-200nm, and the depth of the depression is in a range of 50nm-200nm.
  • the height of the protrusion is in a range of 100 nm-300 nm, and the depth of the depression is in a range of 100 nm-300 nm.
  • the height of the protrusion is in a range of 200 nm-300 nm, and the depth of the depression is in a range of 200 nm-300 nm.
  • the optical performance (such as haze and visible light transmittance) of the casing is relatively improved.
  • the shape and size of the protrusions or depressions can be controlled and adjusted within the size range described in the embodiments of the present invention according to the performance requirements of specific products for haze and visible light transmittance.
  • an area ratio of a plurality of the protrusions or an area ratio of a region other than the plurality of depressions on the first surface Less than or equal to 2/3. Further, on the first surface, an area ratio of a plurality of the protrusions or an area ratio of a region other than the plurality of depressions is less than or equal to 1/2. Further, on the first surface, an area ratio of a plurality of the protrusions or an area ratio of a region other than the plurality of depressions is greater than or equal to 1/10 and less than or equal to 1/2.
  • a gap size between any two adjacent protrusions is larger than 1/2 a distance between the boundaries.
  • the size of the gap between any two adjacent recesses is less than or equal to 1/2 the distance between the boundaries.
  • the arrangement of the protrusions or depressions is not limited.
  • a plurality of the protrusions or depressions may be arranged on the housing substrate in an orderly or disorderly manner.
  • the ups and downs are arranged in a one-dimensional or two-dimensional direction on the first surface.
  • the orderly arrangement may be a periodic arrangement.
  • the period is within a range of 1 nm-900 nm, optionally, the period is within a range of 1 nm-400 nm, and further, the period is within a range of 100 nm-300 nm or 150 nm-250 nm.
  • the period is in a range greater than 400 nm and less than or equal to 900 nm. Further, the period is in a range of 500 nm-800 nm.
  • the protrusions or depressions are three-dimensional patterns, and the specific morphology is not limited.
  • the protrusions or depressions may be hemispherical, ellipsoidal, columnar, line-shaped depressions or protrusions.
  • the specific cross-sectional shape of the columnar protrusions or depressions is not particularly limited, and may be a geometric shape or a non-geometric shape, such as a square, a rhombus, a polygon, a pentagram, or a flower shape.
  • the first surface is provided with an array of protrusions, more specifically, an array of columnar protrusions.
  • the raised or recessed structure is an array recess, more specifically a hole array.
  • a plurality of the protrusions or depressions may have the same structural morphology, the same size, or different structural morphologies and different sizes.
  • the shapes and sizes of a plurality of the protrusions or depressions may be set to be the same, and arranged in an array on the housing substrate.
  • the anti-fingerprint terminal housing has good optical performance, and its visible light transmittance is greater than 80%, and the visible light transmittance of most samples is greater than 90%; and its haze is less than 5%. Further, The haze is less than 1%, and most samples can keep the haze less than 0.1%. It can be seen that the arrangement of the convex or concave structure of the embodiment of the present invention does not significantly reduce the visible light transmittance of the housing itself, and the product of the embodiment of the present invention controls its haze on the basis of ensuring good anti-fingerprint effect In a smaller scope, it guarantees its application requirements on terminal products and can improve user experience.
  • the water contact angle of the first surface is greater than or equal to 110 °, and further the water contact angle is greater than or equal to 120 °, wherein the maximum contact angle can reach greater than 150 °, As a result, the terminal housing has excellent hydrophobic properties.
  • the material of the housing substrate may be glass, plastic, metal, or other available terminal housing materials.
  • the terminal housing may be a flat-type housing or a curved-type housing.
  • the thickness of the shell substrate is not particularly limited, and may be determined according to a specific product, for example, it may be 0.5 mm-0.7 mm.
  • an anti-fingerprint coating is further provided on the first surface, and the anti-fingerprint coating completely covers the first surface and completely covers it.
  • the material of the anti-fingerprint coating includes at least one of fluorosilane, alkylsiloxane, and tetrafluoropolyether.
  • the terminal housing may specifically be a housing, a display cover, a rear cover, etc. of various terminal products, and may be, for example, a front cover or a rear cover of a mobile phone.
  • the raised or recessed structure of the anti-fingerprint terminal housing provided in the embodiment of the present invention is constructed on the surface of the housing substrate itself and has a specific size design, so that the surface of the terminal housing is resistant to dirt, fingerprints, At the same time of low friction coefficient, high optical transmittance and low haze, it has high mechanical strength and wear resistance, which can greatly improve the user experience.
  • the housing base material includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and the housing base material is etched by an etching process to form the housing on the first surface.
  • a plurality of spaced-apart protrusions or depressions formed by the substrate itself is constructed, and the distance between any adjacent two of the protrusions or depressions on the same side is in the range of 1nm-900nm.
  • the height is in a range of 1 nm-400 nm, and the depth of the depression is in a range of 1 nm-400 nm.
  • the above-mentioned preparation process may further include performing a heat treatment and / or a chemical strengthening operation after the etching, so as to further improve the mechanical strength and abrasion resistance of the convex or concave structure.
  • the chemical strengthening operation may be: immersing in a potassium nitrate solution at 400 ° C. to 550 ° C. for 1-3 hours.
  • the temperature of the heat treatment may be 150 ° C to 600 ° C.
  • an anti-fingerprint coating may be further provided on the first surface, and the anti-fingerprint coating completely covers the first surface and completely covers the plurality of protrusions.
  • the material of the anti-fingerprint coating includes at least one of fluorosilane, alkylsiloxane and tetrafluoropolyether.
  • the etching process may be any process that can realize the preparation of a convex or concave structure, including any one or more of dry etching, wet etching, and laser etching. Combined.
  • the dry etching can be inductively coupled plasma etching (Inductively Coupled Plasma Etch, ICPE), reactive ion etching (Reactive ion etching, RIE).
  • ICPE Inductively Coupled Plasma Etch
  • RIE reactive ion etching
  • the mask used in the etching process of the present invention is not specifically limited.
  • the etching process may include the following steps:
  • a photoresist material is coated on the first surface of the housing substrate 10 to form a photoresist film 11.
  • the photoresist material can be a thermosetting or photocuring resin commonly used in the existing etching process.
  • the nano-imprint template may be a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) template.
  • the etching process may include the following steps:
  • the etching process may include the following steps:
  • the metal film 40 may be copper, silver, or gold;
  • the metal film or polymer film 40 is heated under an inert gas atmosphere to spontaneously reunite to form a nano-template 41;
  • the metal thin film nano template 41 is masked, and reactive ion dry etching is used to etch the exposed portion of the first surface of the shell substrate 10 to form a convex structure corresponding to the metal thin film nano template. After removing the residual metal film by using nitric acid ultrasound, a fingerprint-proof terminal housing 105 is obtained. In this embodiment, disorderedly arranged convex structures can be obtained.
  • the height of the protrusion or the depth of the depression can be controlled by controlling the etching time.
  • the preparation method provided in the embodiments of the present invention has a simple process and is suitable for commercial production.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal 300.
  • the terminal 300 includes a housing, and a display module and an electronic component module housed in the housing.
  • the housing includes The front cover 31 and the rear cover (not shown in the figure), the display module is disposed inside the front cover 31, and the display module is electrically connected to the electronic component module.
  • the front cover plate 31 and / or the rear cover plate are fingerprint-proof terminal housings provided in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the terminal according to the embodiment of the present invention may be a product such as a mobile phone or a tablet computer.
  • a method for preparing an anti-fingerprint terminal housing includes the following steps:
  • a PDMS nano-imprint template which has a one-dimensional grating convex structure with a period of 300 nm and a line width of 150 nm, and is pressed on the photoresist film at a pressure of 500 kpa, and then Ultraviolet curing. After 10 minutes, the template is removed from the surface of the photoresist film to obtain a photoresist film having a one-dimensional grating depression structure with a period of 300 nm and a line width of 150 nm.
  • CF 4 / O 2 is used as a reactive gas, and dry etching is performed by inductively coupled plasma to etch one side surface of the shell substrate, and the etching time 5min, forming a one-dimensional grating recess with a period of 300nm, a line width of 150nm, and a depth of 60nm, and then using acetone to remove the residual photoresist film;
  • a layer of a tetrafluoropolyether hydrophobic coating is plated on the surface of the shell where the recessed structure is located to obtain a fingerprint-proof terminal shell.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of setting a recessed structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, where 10 is a glass shell substrate and 16 is a one-dimensional grating recessed structure.
  • the etching time is 10 minutes
  • the surface of the casing is a one-dimensional grating recess structure with a period of 300 nm, a line width of 150 nm, and a depth of 120 nm.
  • the etching time is 30 minutes
  • the surface of the casing is a one-dimensional grating recess structure with a period of 300 nm, a line width of 150 nm, and a depth of 360 nm.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of setting up a hole array in Embodiment 4 of the present invention, where 10 is a glass shell substrate and 17 is a two-dimensional periodic hole array structure.
  • the difference between this embodiment 5 and embodiment 1 is that different PDMS nano-imprint templates are used, the etching time is 10 minutes, the shell surface has a two-dimensional periodic hole array structure with a period of 350 nm, a hole diameter of 300 nm, and a depth of 100 nm. .
  • the difference between this embodiment 6 and embodiment 1 is that different PDMS nano-imprint templates are used, the etching time is 10 minutes, the shell surface has a two-dimensional periodic cylindrical protrusion with a period of 350 nm, a diameter of 200 nm, and a height of 100 nm. From the array structure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of setting a convex structure according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention, wherein 10 is a glass shell substrate and 18 is a two-dimensional periodic cylindrical convex array structure.
  • a glass shell substrate Take a glass shell substrate, and apply a photoresist material on one surface of the shell substrate to form a photoresist film; through nano-imprinting, a two-dimensional periodic cylinder having a period of 350 nm, a diameter of 200 nm, and a height of 100 nm is obtained.
  • the photoresistive film of the convex structure is raised to obtain a terminal housing composed of the photoresistive film with a convex structure.
  • the fingerprint residual rate is obtained as follows: According to the method described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. JP2011099744A, the glass samples with convex or concave structure and the original glass without convex or concave structure in each embodiment were tested and obtained respectively. The adhesion evaluation rates A1 and A0 of the substrate are compared with A1 / A0 to obtain the fingerprint residual rate data of each glass sample. The fingerprint residual rate in the subsequent embodiments is obtained in this way.
  • the terminal housings prepared in Examples 1-6 of the present invention have a raised or recessed structure formed by the housing substrate itself, so compared with the comparative embodiment, the micro-nano protrusions are provided by an additional coating.
  • the sample has higher mechanical strength and abrasion resistance; and the special size design of the convex or concave structure of the embodiment of the present invention makes the housing have good characteristics of anti-dirt, fingerprint resistance, high optical transmittance and low haze. .
  • a method for preparing an anti-fingerprint terminal housing includes the following steps:
  • a layer of a tetrafluoropolyether hydrophobic coating is plated on the surface of the casing where the hole array is located to obtain a fingerprint-proof terminal casing.
  • the shell surface has a two-dimensional periodic hole array structure with a period of 350 nm, a pore diameter of 200 nm, and a depth of 100 nm.
  • the surface of the shell is a two-dimensional periodic hole array structure with a period of 350 nm, a hole diameter of 300 nm, and a depth of 100 nm.
  • the surface of the casing is a two-dimensional periodic hole array structure with a period of 150 nm, a hole diameter of 50 nm, and a depth of 100 nm.
  • the shell surface has a two-dimensional periodic hole array structure with a period of 150 nm, a pore diameter of 100 nm, and a depth of 100 nm.
  • the terminal housings prepared in Examples 7-11 of the present invention have a raised or recessed structure formed by the housing substrate itself, so the micro-nano protrusions are provided by an additional coating in the comparative embodiment.
  • the sample has higher mechanical strength and abrasion resistance; and the special size design of the convex or concave structure of the embodiment of the present invention makes the housing have good characteristics of anti-dirt, fingerprint resistance, high optical transmittance and low haze. .
  • a method for preparing an anti-fingerprint terminal housing includes the following steps:
  • the metal copper film is heated to 410 ° C in a nitrogen atmosphere to spontaneously agglomerate the metal copper film to form disorderly arranged metal copper agglomerates to obtain a nano-template; the average diameter of the metal copper agglomerates is 230 nm, and the metal copper agglomerates
  • the area ratio of the protrusion formed by the body on one side surface of the shell substrate is 46%;
  • a metal copper thin film nano-template mask is used, CF 4 / O 2 is used as a reactive gas, and reactive ion dry etching is used to etch and etch the exposed part of one surface of the shell substrate.
  • the time is 20 minutes.
  • the part covered by the metal copper film forms a disorderly arranged convex structure, and the residual metal copper film is removed by using nitric acid ultrasound;
  • a layer of a tetrafluoropolyether hydrophobic coating is plated on the surface of the shell where the raised structure is located to obtain a fingerprint-proof terminal shell.
  • the difference between this embodiment 13 and embodiment 12 is that a metal silver film is provided on the shell substrate, the average particle diameter of the metal silver aggregates of the nano-template is 190 nm, and the protrusions formed by the metal silver aggregates are in the shell.
  • the area ratio of one side surface of the base material was 31%.
  • the difference between this embodiment 14 and embodiment 12 is that a metal gold film is provided on the shell substrate, the average particle diameter of the metal gold aggregates of the nano-template is 130 nm, and the protrusions formed by the metal gold aggregates are in the shell.
  • the area ratio of one side surface of the base material was 14%.
  • the terminal housings prepared in Examples 12-14 of the present invention have a raised or recessed structure formed by the housing substrate itself, so the micro-nano protrusions are provided by an additional coating in the comparative embodiment.
  • the sample has higher mechanical strength and abrasion resistance; and the special size design of the convex or concave structure of the embodiment of the present invention makes the housing have good characteristics of anti-dirt, fingerprint resistance, high optical transmittance and low haze. .
  • the difference between this embodiment 16 and embodiment 11 is that the glass shell substrate is immersed in a potassium nitrate solution at a temperature of 400 ° C. to 550 ° C. for 2 hours before plating the tetrafluoropolyether hydrophobic coating.
  • the array structure is chemically strengthened.
  • the difference between this embodiment 17 and embodiment 14 is that the glass shell substrate is immersed in a potassium nitrate solution at a temperature of 400 ° C. to 550 ° C. for 2 hours before plating a tetrafluoropolyether hydrophobic coating.
  • the structure is chemically strengthened.

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Abstract

一种防指纹终端壳体（100），包括壳体基材（10），壳体基材（10）包括相对设置的第一表面（101）和第二表面（102），第一表面（101）朝向终端外部，第二表面（102）朝向终端内部，第一表面（101）设置有由壳体基材（10）自身构建形成的多个间隔设置的凸起或凹陷（201），任意相邻两个凸起或凹陷（201）位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于1nm-900nm的范围内，凸起的高度或凹陷（201）的深度位于1nm-400nm的范围内。该防指纹终端壳体通过在壳体基材表面设置由壳体基材自身构建形成的凸起或凹陷结构，并通过设计、控制凸起和凹陷的分布及尺寸大小，使得终端壳体兼具良好抗脏污、耐指纹性能和高透光、低雾度、高耐磨特性。还公开了包含该防指纹终端壳体的终端。

Description

一种防指纹终端壳体和终端
本申请要求于2018年09月25日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201811113662.4、申请名称为“一种防指纹终端壳体和终端”的中国专利申请的优先权，以及要求于2018年12月1日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201811460545.5、申请名称为“一种防指纹终端壳体和终端”的中国专利申请的优先权，他们全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及电子通信技术领域，特别是涉及终端设备的壳体。
背景技术
指纹及脏污是目前手机前屏盖板及后盖板等终端产品壳体面临的世界性难题。由于这些壳体材料(如玻璃、塑胶、金属等)本身具有亲水亲油的特性，导致指纹、脏污很容易粘附于其表面，进而影响其光学透过性、摩擦系数等物理性能，影响用户使用体验。
因此，如何解决壳体表面指纹和脏污的问题显得至关重要。
发明内容
鉴于此，本发明实施例提供一种防指纹终端壳体，通过刻蚀终端壳体基材表面，构建由壳体基材自身形成的凸起或凹陷结构，并通过设计、控制凸起和凹陷的分布及尺寸大小，获得具有良好抗脏污、耐指纹性能和高透光、低雾度、高耐磨特性的壳体，以在一定程度上解决现有终端产品壳体抗脏污、耐指纹性能不佳的问题。
具体地，本发明实施例第一方面提供一种防指纹终端壳体，包括壳体基材，所述壳体基材包括相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一表面朝向终端外部，所述第二表面朝向终端内部，所述第一表面设置有由所述壳体基材自身构建形成的多个间隔设置的凸起或凹陷，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于1nm-900nm的范围内，所述凸起的高度位于1nm-400nm的范围内，所述凹陷的深度位于1nm-400nm的范围内。
进一步地，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于1nm-400nm的范围内。更进一步地，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于100nm-300nm的范围内。
进一步地，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于大于400nm且小于或等于900nm的范围内。
进一步地，所述凸起的高度位于50nm-200nm的范围内，所述凹陷的深度位于50nm-200nm的范围内。
所述第一表面上，多个所述凸起的面积占比或多个所述凹陷之外的区域的面积占比小于或等于2/3。
进一步地，所述第一表面上，多个所述凸起的面积占比或多个所述凹陷之外的区域的面积占比小于或等于1/2。
更进一步地，所述第一表面上，多个所述凸起的面积占比或多个所述凹陷之外的区域的面积占比大于或等于1/10且小于或等于1/2。
为了实现更好的防指纹效果，本发明实施方式中，任意相邻两个所述凸起之间的间隙尺寸大于1/2所述边界之间的距离。任意相邻两个所述凹陷之间的间隙尺寸小于或等于1/2所述边界之间的距离。
可选地，所述第一表面进一步设置有防指纹涂层，所述防指纹涂层完全覆盖所述第一表面且完全覆盖所述多个凸起或凹陷的表面，所述防指纹涂层的材质包括氟硅烷、烷基硅氧烷和四氟聚醚中的至少一种。
所述防指纹终端壳体的可见光透过率大于80％。所述防指纹终端壳体的雾度小于5％，所述第一表面的水接触角大于等于110°。
所述壳体基材的材质为玻璃、塑胶或金属。所述终端壳体可以是平面型壳体，也可以是曲面型壳体。
本发明实施例第一方面提供的防指纹终端壳体，其表面的微纳米级凸起或凹陷结构由壳体基材自身构建，且具有特定的尺寸设计，因此使得终端壳体表面在具有抗脏污、耐指纹、低摩擦系数、高光学透过率和低雾度特性的同时，具有高机械强度和耐磨性，从而能大大提升用户体验。
第二方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种终端，所述终端包括壳体、以及收容于所述壳体内的显示模组和电子元器件模组，所述显示模组与所述电子元器件模组电连接，所述壳体包括本发明实施例第一方面提供的所述防指纹终端壳体。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的防指纹终端壳体的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例的防指纹终端壳体表面液滴浸润示意图；
图3为本发明实施例一实施方式中防指纹终端壳体的制备过程示意图；
图4为本发明实施例另一实施方式中防指纹终端壳体的制备过程示意图；
图5为本发明实施例另一实施方式中防指纹终端壳体的制备过程示意图；
图6为本发明实施例中提供的终端的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例1中终端壳体表面凹陷结构的设置示意图；
图8为本发明实施例4中终端壳体表面孔阵的设置示意图；
图9为本发明实施例6中终端壳体表面凸起结构的设置示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例进行说明。
目前，玻璃普遍应用于手机等通讯电子产品上，例如用作手机前屏盖板、后盖板等。然而，这些产品在使用过程中，无法避免指纹和脏污的产生，从而影响了用户体验。为解决指纹和脏污残留的问题，业界通常在玻璃表面设置防指纹镀膜，但该方法无法从根本上解决指纹和脏污残留的问题。
为了从根本上解决现有玻璃等壳体表面指纹和脏污残留的问题，获得具有高透光、低雾度、高耐磨性的微纳结构壳体表面，以提升用户体验，如图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种防指纹终端壳体100，包括壳体基材10，所述壳体基材10包括相对设置的第一表面101和第二表面102，所述第一表面101朝向终端外部，所述第二表面102朝向终端内部，所述第一表面101设置有由所述壳体基材10自身构建形成的多个间隔设置的凹陷201，任意相邻两个所述凹陷201位于同一侧的边界之间的距离d位于1nm-900nm的范围内，所述凹陷的深度位于1nm-400nm的范围内。
本发明另一实施方式中，所述第一表面101设置有由所述壳体基材10自身构建形成的多个间隔设置的凸起，任意相邻两个所述凸起位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于1nm-900nm的范围内，所述凸起的高度位于1nm-400nm的范围内。
本发明实施例提供的防指纹终端壳体，其特定尺寸设计的凸起或凹陷结构的存在可以改变壳体表面的水油亲疏性，使壳体获得良好的抗脏污、耐指纹效果；且凸起或凹陷结构由壳体基材自身构建而成，因而具有高机械强度和耐磨性，可保证壳体表面在长时间使用后仍具有良好的抗脏污、耐指纹性能；另外，凸起或凹陷结构可通过刻蚀工艺实现形貌、尺寸的可控制备，消除或降低光在凸起或凹陷结构上产生的散射、衍射/干涉等现象，从而保证获得高透光、低雾度的壳体，以满足用户使用需求。
本发明实施方式中，所述凸起或凹陷结构是肉眼不可见的微细机理结构。
如图2所示，本发明一实施方式中，所述壳体表面设置有多个凸起，大量空气存在于相邻凸起形成的微小间隙202之间，使得液滴只能浸润在凸起表面，无法排除微小间隙202中的空气而与壳体表面接触，从而扩大了液滴与空气的接触界面，因此液滴不会自动扩展，而是保持其球体状，从壳体表面脱离，从而实现优异的抗脏污、耐指纹效果。
本发明一实施方式中，可选地，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于1nm-400nm的范围内。进一步地，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于100nm-300nm或150nm-350nm的范围内，更进一步地，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于150nm-250nm的范围内。
本发明另一实施方式中，可选地，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于大于400nm且小于或等于900nm的范围内。进一步地，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于500nm-800nm的范围内。
本发明实施方式中，上述边界之间的距离尺寸决定了凸起或凹陷本身的尺寸大小，从而直接影响着壳体表面各项性能，适合的尺寸设置可实现良好的防指纹效果和高透过率、低雾度光学效果。其中，上述距离尺寸增大，壳体的光学性能(如雾度、可见光透过率)相对降低，而尺寸减小工艺上制作难度相对加大。
本发明实施方式中，可选地，所述凸起的高度位于50nm-200nm的范围内，所述凹 陷的深度位于50nm-200nm的范围内。本发明另一实施方式中，可选地，所述凸起的高度位于100nm-300nm的范围内，所述凹陷的深度位于100nm-300nm的范围内。进一步地，所述凸起的高度位于200nm-300nm的范围内，所述凹陷的深度位于200nm-300nm的范围内。
本发明实施方式中，凸起的高度和凹陷的深度越大，壳体的光学性能(如雾度、可见光透过率)相对提升。
实际应用过程中，可根据具体产品对雾度、可见光透过率等性能的需求在本发明实施例上述的尺寸范围内对凸起或凹陷的形貌和尺寸进行可控调节。
为了获得具有更大水接触角的壳体表面，本发明实施方式中，所述第一表面上，多个所述凸起的面积占比或多个所述凹陷之外的区域的面积占比小于或等于2/3。进一步地，所述第一表面上，多个所述凸起的面积占比或多个所述凹陷之外的区域的面积占比小于或等于1/2。更进一步地，所述第一表面上，多个所述凸起的面积占比或多个所述凹陷之外的区域的面积占比大于或等于1/10且小于或等于1/2。第一表面上凸出的部分即用户能直接接触到的部分所占的面积越小，则越有利于防指纹效果的提升，但壳体表面机械强度会随之降低，因此可根据实际需要综合考虑上述影响进行具体设定。
为了实现更好的防指纹效果，本发明实施方式中，任意相邻两个所述凸起之间的间隙尺寸大于1/2所述边界之间的距离。任意相邻两个所述凹陷之间的间隙尺寸小于或等于1/2所述边界之间的距离。
本发明实施方式中，所述凸起或凹陷的排布方式不限，多个所述凸起或凹陷可呈有序或无序排布在所述壳体基材上，多个所述凸起或凹陷在第一表面呈一维或二维方向排布。其中有序排布可以是周期性排布，当多个所述凸起或凹陷呈周期性排布时，所述任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离即为周期大小。可选地，周期位于1nm-900nm的范围内，可选地，周期位于1nm-400nm的范围内，进一步地，周期位于100nm-300nm或150nm-250nm的范围内。可选地，周期位于大于400nm且小于或等于900nm的范围内。进一步地，周期位于500nm-800nm的范围内。
本发明实施方式中，所述凸起或凹陷为三维图案，其具体形貌不限，例如可以是半球状、椭球状、柱状、线条型凹陷或凸起。其中，柱状凸起或凹陷的具体截面形状无特殊限定，可以是几何形状或非几何形状，例如方形、菱形、多边形、五角星形、花朵状等形状。
在本发明一具体实施方式中，所述第一表面设置有阵列凸起，更具体地为柱状凸起阵列。在本发明另一具体实施方式中，所述凸起或凹陷结构为阵列凹陷，更具体地为孔阵。
在本发明实施方式中，多个所述凸起或凹陷可以是相同结构形貌，相同尺寸，也可以是不同结构形貌，不同尺寸。为了工艺制作方便，可将多个所述凸起或凹陷的形貌、尺寸设置为相同，且呈阵列排布在所述壳体基材上。
本发明实施方式中，所述防指纹终端壳体具有良好的光学性能，其可见光透过率大于80％，且大部分样品可见光透过率大于90％；其雾度小于5％，进一步地，雾度小于1％，且多数样品能保持雾度小于0.1％。由此可见，本发明实施例的凸起或凹陷结构 的设置并未大幅降低壳体本身的可见光透过率，且本发明实施例产品在保证良好防指纹效果的基础上，使其雾度控制在较小的范围，保证了其在终端产品上的应用需求，能够提升用户体验。
本发明实施方式中，基于特定的凸起或凹陷结构设计，使得第一表面的水接触角大于等于110°，进一步地水接触角大于等于120°，其中，最大接触角可达到大于150°，从而使得终端壳体具有优异疏水性能。
本发明实施方式中，所述壳体基材的材质可以是玻璃、塑胶、金属，或者其他可用的终端壳体材料。其中，所述终端壳体可以是平面型壳体，也可以是曲面型壳体。本发明实施例对所述壳体基材的厚度没有特殊限定，可根据具体产品而定，例如可以是0.5mm-0.7mm。
本发明实施方式中，为了更进一步增强终端壳体的抗脏污、耐指纹效果，在第一表面上进一步设置防指纹涂层，所述防指纹涂层完全覆盖所述第一表面且完全覆盖所述多个凸起或凹陷的表面，所述防指纹涂层的材质包括氟硅烷、烷基硅氧烷和四氟聚醚中的至少一种。通过防指纹涂层与凸起或凹陷结构的结合，可以更好地达到去指纹的效果，两种工艺不存在冲突，而且由于壳体基材表面凸起或凹陷结构的存在，使得防指纹涂层与壳体基材的接触面积增大，从而使得防指纹涂层的结合更加紧密。
本发明实施方式中，所述终端壳体具体可以是各类终端产品的外壳、显示屏盖板、后盖板等，例如可以是手机前屏盖板或后盖板。
本发明实施例上述提供的防指纹终端壳体，其凸起或凹陷结构构建于壳体基材自身表面，且具有特定的尺寸设计，因此使得终端壳体表面在具有抗脏污、耐指纹、低摩擦系数、高光学透过率和低雾度特性的同时，具有高机械强度和耐磨性，从而能大大提升用户体验。
本发明实施例上述防指纹终端壳体可采用如下方式制备：
取壳体基材，所述壳体基材包括相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，采用刻蚀工艺刻蚀所述壳体基材，以在所述第一表面形成由所述壳体基材自身构建形成的多个间隔设置的凸起或凹陷结构，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于1nm-900nm的范围内，所述凸起的高度位于1nm-400nm的范围内，所述凹陷的深度位于1nm-400nm的范围内。
本发明实施方式中，上述制备过程可进一步包括在所述刻蚀后进行热处理和/或化学强化操作，以进一步提高所述凸起或凹陷结构的机械强度和耐磨性。具体地，所述化学强化操作具体可为：采用400℃-550℃的硝酸钾溶液浸渍1-3小时。所述热处理的温度可为150℃-600℃。
本发明实施方式中，为了获得更好的防指纹效果，可进一步在所述第一表面设置防指纹涂层，所述防指纹涂层完全覆盖所述第一表面且完全覆盖所述多个凸起或凹陷的表面，所述防指纹涂层的材质包括氟硅烷、烷基硅氧烷和四氟聚醚中的至少一种。
本发明实施方式中，所述刻蚀工艺可以是任何一种可实现凸起或凹陷结构制备的工艺，包括干法刻蚀、湿法刻蚀和激光刻蚀中的任意一种或多种的结合。干法刻蚀具体可以是感应耦合等离子体刻蚀(Inductively Coupled Plasma Etch，ICPE)，反应 离子刻蚀(Reactive Ion Etching，RIE)。本发明对所述刻蚀工艺过程所采用的掩膜方式，使用的掩膜版没有特殊限定。
具体地，如图3所示，本发明一实施方式中，所述刻蚀工艺过程可包括如下步骤：
S10、在壳体基材10的第一表面上涂覆光阻材料形成光阻薄膜11；
S12、取一纳米压印模板20压设于所述光阻薄膜11上，通过光固化或热固化，得到具有凹陷结构的光阻薄膜12；
S13、根据光阻薄膜定义出的图形，采用感应耦合等离子体干法刻蚀，对凹陷结构下方的壳体基材进行刻蚀，形成凹陷结构，然后采用丙酮超声去除残留光阻薄膜后，得到防指纹终端壳体103。
其中，光阻材料可以现有刻蚀工艺领域常用的热固化型或光固化型树脂。所述纳米压印模板可以是聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)模板。
具体地，如图4所示，本发明另一实施方式中，所述刻蚀工艺过程可包括如下步骤：
S20、在壳体基材10的第一表面上制备或转移一多孔氧化铝模板30；
S21、以多孔氧化铝模板30掩膜，采用感应耦合等离子体干法刻蚀，对所述壳体基材的第一表面的暴露部分进行刻蚀，形成与所述氧化膜模板对应的凹陷结构，采用磷酸超声去除残留氧化铝模板后，得到防指纹终端壳体104。
具体地，如图5所示，本发明另一实施方式中，所述刻蚀工艺过程可包括如下步骤：
S30、在壳体基材10的第一表面上涂覆或蒸镀一层金属薄膜或聚合物薄膜40；所述金属薄膜40可以是铜、银或金；
S31、惰性气体气氛下加热所述金属薄膜或聚合物薄膜40使其发生自发团聚，形成纳米模板41；
S32、以金属薄膜纳米模板41掩膜，采用反应离子干法刻蚀，对所述壳体基材10的第一表面暴露在外的部分进行刻蚀，形成与金属薄膜纳米模板对应的凸起结构，采用硝酸超声去除残留金属薄膜后，得到防指纹终端壳体105。该实施方式可获得无序排布的凸起结构。
上述工艺中，通过控制刻蚀时间可控制凸起的高度或凹陷的深度。
本发明实施例上述提供的制备方法，工艺简单，适于商业化生产。
另外，如图6所示，本发明实施例提供了一种终端300，所述终端300包括壳体、以及收容于所述壳体内的显示模组和电子元器件模组，所述壳体包括前盖板31和后盖板(图中未示出)，所述显示模组设置于所述前盖板31内侧，所述显示模组与所述电子元器件模组电连接。其中，所述前盖板31和/或所述后盖板为本发明实施例上述提供的防指纹终端壳体。
本发明实施例的终端可以是手机，平板电脑等产品。
下面分多个实施例对本发明实施例进行进一步的说明。
实施例1
一种防指纹终端壳体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)取玻璃壳体基材，在壳体基材的一侧表面上涂覆光阻材料形成光阻薄膜；
(2)取一PDMS纳米压印模板，所述纳米压印模板具有周期为300nm，线宽为150nm的一维光栅凸起结构，以500kpa的压力压设于所述光阻薄膜上，然后进行紫外光固化，持续10min后将模板脱离光阻薄膜表面，得到具有周期为300nm，线宽为150nm的一维光栅凹陷结构的光阻薄膜；
(3)根据光阻薄膜定义出的图形，以CF 4/O 2为反应气体，采用感应耦合等离子体干法刻蚀，对所述壳体基材的一侧表面进行刻蚀，刻蚀时间为5min，形成周期为300nm，线宽为150nm，深度为60nm的一维光栅凹陷，然后采用丙酮超声去除残留光阻薄膜；
(4)在所述凹陷结构所在壳体表面采用物理气相沉积工艺镀设一层四氟聚醚疏水涂层，得到防指纹终端壳体。
图7为本发明实施例1的凹陷结构的设置示意图，图中10为玻璃壳体基材，16为一维光栅凹陷结构。
实施例2
本实施例2与实施例1的区别在于，刻蚀时间为10min，壳体表面为周期为300nm，线宽为150nm，深度为120nm的一维光栅凹陷结构。
实施例3
本实施例3与实施例1的区别在于，刻蚀时间为30min，壳体表面为周期为300nm，线宽为150nm，深度为360nm的一维光栅凹陷结构。
实施例4
本实施例4与实施例1的区别在于，采用了不同的PDMS纳米压印模板，刻蚀时间为10min，壳体表面为周期为350nm，孔径为200nm，深度为100nm的二维周期孔阵结构。
图8为本发明实施例4的孔阵的设置示意图，图中10为玻璃壳体基材，17为二维周期孔阵结构。
实施例5
本实施例5与实施例1的区别在于，采用了不同的PDMS纳米压印模板，刻蚀时间 为10min，壳体表面为周期为350nm，孔径为300nm，深度为100nm的二维周期孔阵结构。
实施例6
本实施例6与实施例1的区别在于，采用了不同的PDMS纳米压印模板，刻蚀时间为10min，壳体表面为周期为350nm，直径为200nm，高度为100nm的二维周期圆柱状凸起阵列结构。
图9为本发明实施例6的凸起结构的设置示意图，图中10为玻璃壳体基材，18为二维周期圆柱状凸起阵列结构。
对比实施例
取玻璃壳体基材，在壳体基材的一侧表面上涂覆光阻材料形成光阻薄膜；通过纳米压印得到具有周期为350nm，直径为200nm，高度为100nm的二维周期圆柱状凸起阵列结构的光阻薄膜，得到凸起结构由光阻薄膜构成的终端壳体。
将本发明实施例1-6和对比实施例所得样品进行如表1所示的各项性能测试，测试结果如表1所示：
表1
Figure PCTCN2019104378-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019104378-appb-000002
其中，指纹残留率按如下方式获得：根据公开号为JP2011099744A的日本专利申请记载的方法，分别测试获得各实施例中的具有凸起或凹陷结构的玻璃样品与无凸起或凹陷结构的原始玻璃基材的附着性评价率A1和A0，将两个数据相比A1/A0，即获得各玻璃样品的指纹残留率数据。后续实施例指纹残留率均按此方式获得。
上述结果表明，本发明实施例1-6所制得的终端壳体，由于凸起或凹陷结构是由壳体基材自身构建，因此较对比实施例中通过附加涂层设置微纳凸起的样品，其机械强度以及耐磨性能更高；且本发明实施例凸起或凹陷结构的特殊尺寸设计，使得壳体具有良好抗脏污、耐指纹、高光学透过率和低雾度的特性。
实施例7
一种防指纹终端壳体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)取玻璃壳体基材，在壳体基材的一侧表面上制备或转移650nm厚度的超薄通孔多孔氧化铝模板；多孔氧化铝模板具有周期为350nm，孔径为100nm的二维周期孔阵结构，
(2)以多孔氧化铝模板掩膜，以CF 4/O 2为反应气体，采用感应耦合等离子体干法刻蚀，对所述壳体基材的一侧表面的暴露部分进行刻蚀，刻蚀时间为10min，形成周期为350nm，孔径为100nm，深度为100nm的二维周期孔阵结构，采用磷酸超声去除残留氧化铝模板；
(3)在所述孔阵所在壳体表面采用物理气相沉积工艺镀设一层四氟聚醚疏水涂层，得到防指纹终端壳体。
实施例8
本实施例8与实施例7的区别在于，壳体表面为周期为350nm，孔径为200nm，深度为100nm的二维周期孔阵结构。
实施例9
本实施例9与实施例7的区别在于，壳体表面为周期为350nm，孔径为300nm，深度为100nm的二维周期孔阵结构。
实施例10
本实施例10与实施例7的区别在于，壳体表面为周期为150nm，孔径为50nm，深度为100nm的二维周期孔阵结构。
实施例11
本实施例11与实施例7的区别在于，壳体表面为周期为150nm，孔径为100nm，深度为100nm的二维周期孔阵结构。
将本发明实施例7-11所得样品进行如表2所示的各项性能测试，测试结果如表2所示：
表2
Figure PCTCN2019104378-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019104378-appb-000004
上述结果表明，本发明实施例7-11所制得的终端壳体，由于凸起或凹陷结构是由壳体基材自身构建，因此较对比实施例中通过附加涂层设置微纳凸起的样品，其机械强度以及耐磨性能更高；且本发明实施例凸起或凹陷结构的特殊尺寸设计，使得壳体具有良好抗脏污、耐指纹、高光学透过率和低雾度的特性。
实施例12
一种防指纹终端壳体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)取玻璃壳体基材，在壳体基材的一侧表面上涂覆或蒸镀一层金属铜薄膜；
(2)氮气氛围内加热金属铜薄膜至410℃，使金属铜薄膜发生自发团聚，形成无序排布的金属铜团聚体，得到纳米模板；金属铜团聚体平均粒径为230nm，金属铜团聚体形成的凸起在所述壳体基材的一侧表面的面积占比为46％；
(3)以金属铜薄膜纳米模板掩膜，以CF 4/O 2为反应气体，采用反应离子干法刻蚀，对所述壳体基材的一侧表面的暴露部分进行刻蚀，刻蚀时间为20min，被金属铜薄膜覆盖的部分形成无序排布的凸起结构，采用硝酸超声去除残留金属铜薄膜；
(4)在所述凸起结构所在壳体表面采用物理气相沉积工艺镀设一层四氟聚醚疏水涂层，得到防指纹终端壳体。
实施例13
本实施例13与实施例12的区别在于，壳体基材上设置的为金属银薄膜，纳米模 板的金属银团聚体平均粒径为190nm，金属银团聚体形成的凸起在所述壳体基材的一侧表面的面积占比为31％。
实施例14
本实施例14与实施例12的区别在于，壳体基材上设置的为金属金薄膜，纳米模板的金属金团聚体平均粒径为130nm，金属金团聚体形成的凸起在所述壳体基材的一侧表面的面积占比为14％。
将本发明实施例12-14所得样品进行如表3所示的各项性能测试，测试结果如表3所示：
表3
Figure PCTCN2019104378-appb-000005
上述结果表明，本发明实施例12-14所制得的终端壳体，由于凸起或凹陷结构是由壳体基材自身构建，因此较对比实施例中通过附加涂层设置微纳凸起的样品，其机械强度以及耐磨性能更高；且本发明实施例凸起或凹陷结构的特殊尺寸设计，使得壳体具有良好抗脏污、耐指纹、高光学透过率和低雾度的特性。
实施例15
本实施例15与实施例6的区别仅在于，在镀设四氟聚醚疏水涂层之前，先将玻璃壳体基材置于400℃-550℃的硝酸钾溶液中浸渍2小时，使凸起结构得到化学强化。
实施例16
本实施例16与实施例11的区别仅在于，在镀设四氟聚醚疏水涂层之前，先将玻璃壳体基材置于400℃-550℃的硝酸钾溶液中浸渍2小时，使孔阵结构得到化学强化。
实施例17
本实施例17与实施例14的区别仅在于，在镀设四氟聚醚疏水涂层之前，先将玻璃壳体基材置于400℃-550℃的硝酸钾溶液中浸渍2小时，使凸起结构得到化学强化。
将本发明实施例15-17所得样品进行如表4所示的各项性能测试，测试结果如表4所示：
表4
Figure PCTCN2019104378-appb-000006
上述结果表明，经化学强化后，凸起或凹陷结构的机械强度和耐磨性更高了

Claims (10)

  1. 一种防指纹终端壳体，包括壳体基材，所述壳体基材包括相对设置的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一表面朝向终端外部，所述第二表面朝向终端内部，其特征在于，所述第一表面设置有由所述壳体基材自身构建形成的多个间隔设置的凸起或凹陷，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于1nm-900nm的范围内，所述凸起的高度位于1nm-400nm的范围内，所述凹陷的深度位于1nm-400nm的范围内。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的防指纹终端壳体，其特征在于，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于1nm-400nm的范围内。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的防指纹终端壳体，其特征在于，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于100nm-300nm的范围内。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的防指纹终端壳体，其特征在于，任意相邻两个所述凸起或凹陷位于同一侧的边界之间的距离位于大于400nm且小于或等于900nm的范围内。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的防指纹终端壳体，其特征在于，所述凸起的高度位于50nm-200nm的范围内，所述凹陷的深度位于50nm-200nm的范围内。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的防指纹终端壳体，其特征在于，所述第一表面上，多个所述凸起的面积占比或多个所述凹陷之外的区域的面积占比小于或等于2/3。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的防指纹终端壳体，其特征在于，所述第一表面上，多个所述凸起的面积占比或多个所述凹陷之外的区域的面积占比小于或等于1/2。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的防指纹终端壳体，其特征在于，所述第一表面上，多个所述凸起的面积占比或多个所述凹陷之外的区域的面积占比大于或等于1/10且小于或等于1/2。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的防指纹终端壳体，其特征在于，所述第一表面进一步设置有防指纹涂层，所述防指纹涂层完全覆盖所述第一表面且完全覆盖所述多个凸起或凹陷的表面，所述防指纹涂层的材质包括氟硅烷、烷基硅氧烷和四氟聚醚中的至少一种。
  10. 一种终端，其特征在于，所述终端包括壳体、以及收容于所述壳体内的显示模组和电子元器件模组，所述显示模组与所述电子元器件模组电连接，所述壳体包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的防指纹终端壳体。
PCT/CN2019/104378 2018-09-25 2019-09-04 一种防指纹终端壳体和终端 WO2020063285A1 (zh)

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