WO2019127356A1 - 中心板单元及无人飞行器 - Google Patents

中心板单元及无人飞行器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019127356A1
WO2019127356A1 PCT/CN2017/119805 CN2017119805W WO2019127356A1 WO 2019127356 A1 WO2019127356 A1 WO 2019127356A1 CN 2017119805 W CN2017119805 W CN 2017119805W WO 2019127356 A1 WO2019127356 A1 WO 2019127356A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate unit
center plate
housing
circuit board
unit according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/119805
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓磊
吴晓龙
卢绰莹
Original Assignee
深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to CN201780028618.0A priority Critical patent/CN109496462A/zh
Priority to JP2020527924A priority patent/JP2021504942A/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2017/119805 priority patent/WO2019127356A1/zh
Publication of WO2019127356A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019127356A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/02—Arrangements of circuit components or wiring on supporting structure
    • H05K7/10—Plug-in assemblages of components, e.g. IC sockets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/14—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack
    • H05K7/1422—Printed circuit boards receptacles, e.g. stacked structures, electronic circuit modules or box like frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20009—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a gaseous coolant in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20136—Forced ventilation, e.g. by fans

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of aircrafts, and in particular to a center plate unit and an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • unmanned aerial vehicles typically use a circuit board to control and signal power plants and loads while controlling their flight and performing tasks.
  • the existing circuit board is usually exposed on the center body of the UAV, and the signal transmission between the device and the power device is realized through various external plugs and interfaces, thereby realizing normal flight and other operations.
  • the various plugs are connected to the board in a decentralized manner.
  • the invention provides a center plate unit and an unmanned aerial vehicle, which can effectively protect the circuit board and has a compact structure.
  • the present invention provides a center board unit including a housing assembly, a plug assembly, and a circuit board; the circuit board is sealed and disposed in the housing assembly, and the plug assembly is fixed on the housing assembly, and the circuit board is disposed There are multiple electronic components, and the plug component is electrically connected to the circuit board.
  • the present invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle comprising a power unit, an avionics system, a battery, a power system, a sensor, a fuselage, and a center plate unit as described above, a power system, an avionics system, a battery, a sensor, and
  • the central board unit is disposed on the fuselage, and the power system, the avionics system, the battery, the sensor and the central board unit are electrically connected; wherein the battery supplies power to the power device, the avionics system and the sensor through the central board unit, and the avionics system
  • the central board unit is separately connected to the power system and the sensor.
  • the central board unit and the unmanned aerial vehicle of the present invention specifically includes a housing assembly, a plug assembly and a circuit board; the circuit board is sealed and disposed in the housing assembly, and the plug assembly is fixed on the housing assembly, the circuit board A plurality of electronic components are disposed, and the plug component is electrically connected to the electronic component.
  • the circuit board and the external components can be used for electrical connection and signal transmission, thereby performing functions such as power distribution and communication transmission to other components, and forming a sealing structure on the outside of the circuit board, so that dust, water droplets and other impurities of the outside can not be affected.
  • the normal operation of the center board unit is guaranteed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a center plate unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom portion of a center plate unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a center plate unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of a center plate unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded view of a center plate unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial structural schematic view of a housing member in a center plate unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a center plate unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • 2 is a schematic view showing the bottom structure of a center plate unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • 3 is a top plan view of a center plate unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • 4 is a side view of a center plate unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded view of a center plate unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial structural schematic view of a housing member in a center plate unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG.
  • the center board unit provided in this embodiment specifically includes a housing assembly 1 , a plug assembly 2 and a circuit board 3 ; the circuit board 3 is sealed and disposed in the housing assembly 1 , and the plug assembly 2 is fixed to the housing assembly 1, and the circuit board 3 is provided with a plurality of electronic components, and the plug assembly 3 is electrically connected to the electronic components.
  • the center panel unit can be used in an unmanned aerial vehicle or other device.
  • the center plate unit is applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle as an example for description.
  • the UAV In order to control the load on the UAV and the UAV, the UAV is equipped with a flight controller and avionics, so that the power system, the load and various sensors on the UAV can be controlled to ensure that no one is working. The normal flight and work of the aircraft.
  • the power system needs to provide a power signal with a high voltage value and a large current, and the sensor and various control devices require a power signal with a small voltage value and a small current.
  • the center board unit includes a circuit board 3, which can be connected with an avionics system or a flight controller of the unmanned aerial vehicle, thereby realizing the avionics system or
  • the flight controller provides different power supplies, as well as functions such as internal communication or external communication of the UAV, so that the avionics system or flight controller can work normally, and issue commands to the power kit or load on the UAV. Let the unmanned aerial vehicle perform the corresponding flight operation or other work.
  • the plug-in assembly 2 can be used to connect the circuit board 3 and other devices on the UAV to complete the electrical connection and signal interaction between the circuit board 3 and other devices.
  • the circuit board 3 includes a plurality of electronic components, and the circuit board 3 is protected from the external environment in order to protect and shield the electronic components.
  • the center plate unit also includes a housing assembly 1.
  • the housing assembly 1 is a shell-like structure having a hollow cavity inside, and the circuit board 3 can be accommodated inside the housing assembly 1, and the housing assembly 1 is located outside the circuit board 3 and forms a sealing structure, and the external dust, Water droplets and other impurities cannot enter the inside of the housing assembly 1, so that the circuit board 3 is well sealed.
  • the plug assembly 2 is also fixed to the housing assembly 1 and electrically connected between the housing assembly 1 and the circuit board 3, thereby ensuring normal signal transmission between the circuit board 3 and the outside world. This allows the entire center plate unit to have a compact size and a good structural integrity.
  • the plurality of electronic components on the circuit board 3 include at least one of the following: a capacitor, an electronic switch, and a control chip.
  • the circuit board 3 can utilize the combination of different capacitors, electronic switches, and control chips to achieve power distribution and communication requirements for different components.
  • the circuit board 3 is usually a printed circuit board (PCB), and may be other types of circuit boards.
  • the number of the circuit boards 3 may be one or plural.
  • the circuit board 3 can optionally be connected to the housing assembly 1 by means of a threaded fastener.
  • a threaded fastener In order to connect the circuit board 3 and the housing assembly 1, the circuit board 3 can optionally be connected to the housing assembly 1 by means of a threaded fastener.
  • the housing assembly 1 comprises at least two housing parts that can be joined together, at least two housing parts being jointly enclosed after being joined together.
  • the hollow cavity of the circuit board 3 is accommodated.
  • different housing members can respectively serve as different portions of the cavity wall of the hollow cavity, and the circuit board is enclosed therein to form protection.
  • At least two of the housing members surrounding the hollow body are generally detachably connected.
  • one or more of the housing members can be detached from the outer casing assembly 1 to expose an opening that can be taken out or placed in the circuit board 3, and the circuit board 3 can be conveniently placed in or removed from the hollow cavity. Therefore, it is convenient to inspect and replace the circuit board 3 in the center board unit.
  • the housing members may be fixed in a snap-fit manner or connected by a fastener.
  • the fastener may be a threaded fastener
  • the housing member is provided with a fixing structure such as a threaded hole for setting a threaded fastener.
  • the plurality of housing members may include a first housing member 1a and a second housing member 1b.
  • first housing member 1a and the second housing member 1b can be spliced together into a hollow cavity body, and the number of the housing members is small, so that the structural integrity is good and the connection is relatively reliable.
  • first case member 1a and the second case member 1b are generally combined to form a hollow cavity from both sides in the direction of the board surface of the circuit board 3.
  • first case member 1a and the second case member 1b are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the circuit board 3, and the circuit board 3 is laid flat on the first case member 1a and the second case member 1b.
  • the inside of the hollow cavity such that the hollow cavity formed by the casing assembly 1 and the shape of the circuit board 3 are relatively matched, and the casing assembly 1 is relatively compact.
  • a first sealing member 4 may be further included in the center plate unit, and the first sealing member 4 is disposed at a joint between adjacent housing members of the at least two housing members for sealing the hollow cavity body.
  • the number of the first seals 4 may be set according to the number of the housing members. For example, when there are only two housing members in the housing assembly 1, there is only one seam between adjacent housing members, and only one first sealing member 4 needs to be provided at this time, that is, the hollow body can be completed. seal.
  • the seam formed between the adjacent housing parts may also have multiple strips.
  • a first sealing member having a relatively complicated shape may be passed. 4 Filling in all the seams, it is also possible to seal the different seams by means of a plurality of first seals 4.
  • the first sealing member 4 may be a sealing ring in order to provide the first sealing member 4 with good sealing performance.
  • the shape of the sealing ring is a closed ring shape, so that a closed shape without opening and opening can be formed at the seam to seal the seam.
  • the first sealing member 4 is a rubber sealing ring or a silicone sealing ring.
  • the first sealing member 4 can be deformed between the adjacent housing members by pressing, so that the first sealing member 4 is filled at the joint between the adjacent housing members, and between the housing member and the housing member. It fits snugly so that the hollow body composed of the housing parts has good airtightness or watertightness.
  • sealing can also be accomplished by other means between adjacent housing parts, for example by applying a sealant at the seam of the housing part, or by wrapping a waterproof tape or sealing film or the like on the outside of the housing part, or by techniques in the art. Other sealing methods commonly used by personnel will not be described here.
  • the circuit board 3 When the circuit board 3 is in operation, the electronic components thereon emit a large amount of heat, and the housing assembly seals the circuit board 3 in the hollow cavity, so the circuit board 3 cannot be cooled by convection, and the circuit board 3 works for a long time. After that, it will not work properly or even be damaged due to heat accumulation. In order to dissipate heat from the circuit board 3, heat conduction between the housing assembly 1 and the circuit board 3 is performed. In this way, the circuit board 3 can transfer heat to the housing assembly 1 by conduction, thereby avoiding the accumulation of heat itself, thereby maintaining normal operation.
  • the inner wall of the hollow body is provided with heat for conducting the circuit board 3 to the housing assembly 1
  • the upper conductive portion 11 heat transfer medium.
  • the first end of the conductive portion 11 may be coupled to the inner wall of the at least one housing member, and the second end of the conductive portion 11 and the circuit board 3 have heat conduction therebetween.
  • the heat generated by the circuit board 3 can be directly transmitted to the housing member through the conductive portion 11, and is radiated from the housing member to the outside of the housing assembly 1.
  • the conducting portion 11 can be connected to a housing member or can be coupled to a plurality of housing members and conduct heat from the circuit board 3 to a plurality of different housing members.
  • the first end of the conductive portion 11 is connected to the inner wall of a housing member.
  • the conductive portion 11 can be in the shape of a simple convex or convex column and can be used to support the circuit board 3.
  • the number of the conductive portions 11 may be one or plural, and different conductive portions are correspondingly connected to different housing members.
  • the conductive portion 11 and the housing member may be in a unitary structure.
  • the conductive portion 11 and the housing member can be formed in an integrally formed manner, so that the heat of the conductive portion 11 is directly transmitted to the body of the housing member, so that the conduction portion 11 and the body of the housing member have a high heat transfer efficiency.
  • the heat source in the circuit board 3 is mainly an electronic component
  • the second end of the conductive portion 11 can be directly thermally connected to the electronic component on the circuit board 3.
  • the heat on the electronic components is directly transmitted to the housing assembly 1 through the conductive portion 11, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the circuit board 3 is high.
  • the second end of the conductive portion 11 is in direct contact with the electronic components on the circuit board 3. At this time, it should be ensured that the second end of the conductive portion 11 and the electronic component have a large contact surface, and the conductive portion 11 and the electronic component are closely adhered to improve the conduction between the conductive portion 11 and the electronic component. Heat transfer efficiency.
  • the second end of the conductive portion 11 and the electronic component on the circuit board 3 When the second end of the conductive portion 11 and the electronic component on the circuit board 3 are in direct contact, the end surface of the conductive portion 11 is rough, or the assembly precision between the housing assembly 1 and the circuit board 3 is equal. The reason is that the heat conduction efficiency between the second end of the conductive portion 11 and the electronic component is low.
  • the second end of the conducting portion 11 and the electronic components on the circuit board 3 may be connected by a heat conducting medium.
  • the heat transfer medium is usually semi-solidified or liquid, so that it can be in sufficient contact with the surface of the conductive portion 11 and the electronic component to form a good heat conduction path between the conductive portion 11 and the electronic component, thereby improving the heat transfer speed and transmission. Thermal efficiency.
  • the heat transfer medium for improving the heat transfer speed and the heat transfer efficiency may generally be a heat conductive adhesive or a thermal grease, such as a thermal grease.
  • the center plate unit may further include a heat dissipation assembly 12 for transferring heat on the housing assembly 1 to the outside.
  • the heat dissipating component 12 can accelerate the heat exchange between the casing assembly 1 and the outside by conduction or convection, etc., so that the heat of the casing component 1 is dissipated in time and maintains a lower temperature, so as to ensure the casing assembly 1 to the circuit board. 3 heat dissipation effect.
  • the heat dissipation component 12 can be divided into an active heat dissipation mode or a passive heat dissipation mode.
  • the heat dissipating component 12 may include a fan 121.
  • the fan 121 is disposed outside the casing assembly 1. At this time, the heat dissipating component 12 is in an active heat dissipating manner.
  • the fan 121 can accelerate the airflow exchange outside the casing assembly 1 by driving the movement of the airflow, so that the fresh airflow from the outside can carry away the heat accumulated on the casing assembly 1 by convection, thereby realizing the housing assembly 1. Cooling and cooling.
  • the fan 121 can be configured as a centrifugal fan or an axial fan.
  • the number of the fans 121 may be one or more according to the structure and working conditions of the center plate unit, and the fan 121 may be disposed at different positions outside the casing assembly 1.
  • the fan 121 is disposed on the outer wall of the at least one housing member.
  • the fan 121 is capable of driving away hot air near the outer wall of the casing member and allowing fresh cold air from the outside to enter the area near the outer wall of the casing member and exchange heat with the outer wall of the casing member.
  • the fan 121 may be disposed at other positions, for example, a position spaced apart from the housing member, or the like.
  • the outer wall of the casing member provided with the fan 121 may further be provided with a heat dissipating structure.
  • the heat dissipation structure generally has a large heat dissipation area and can accelerate heat exchange between the outer wall of the casing member and the outside air.
  • the heat dissipation structure may include heat dissipation fins 122.
  • the heat dissipating fins 122 are also called heat sinks, and are generally made of metal or other materials with better thermal conductivity such as copper or aluminum, and generally form fins 122 by a plurality of fins arranged at intervals, when the external airflow flows through the heat sink.
  • heat is exchanged simultaneously with the surfaces of the plurality of fins, thereby increasing the surface area of the surface to be heat exchanged, thereby accelerating the heat dissipation speed.
  • the shape and structure of the heat dissipation fins 122 can be in various forms, and details are not described herein again.
  • the heat sink assembly 12 can include a heat pipe.
  • the heat pipe contains a working medium, and the working medium can generally be switched between a liquid state and a gaseous state.
  • the working medium at one end inside the heat pipe evaporates into a gaseous state due to an increase in temperature, and the gaseous working medium flows to the other end of the heat pipe and cools the heat release, thereby completing heat transfer; and releasing heat
  • the working medium will return to the liquid state and flow back to the original position.
  • the heat dissipating component 12 can quickly complete the heat transfer, and the circuit board 3 can be operated at a suitable temperature.
  • the specific structure and arrangement of the heat pipe can be well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described herein.
  • the heat dissipating component 12 can include a semiconductor heat sink component.
  • the semiconductor heat sink member can utilize a semiconductor thermocouple to operate the heat transfer generated when a current flows, allowing heat to be quickly transferred from one end of the galvanic couple to the other end.
  • the specific working principle, structure, and arrangement of the semiconductor heat sink member can be well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described herein.
  • the housing member may be generally a metal member. Since the metal has high structural strength and excellent heat transfer performance, the housing member is made of metal, which can ensure better protection of the circuit board 3 by the housing assembly, and the circuit board 3 can be effectively dissipated. In addition, the housing member made of metal has the advantages of being easy to manufacture and manufacturing, and the formed housing assembly 1 is excellent in integrity. Specifically, the housing member can be generally made of a metal material such as aluminum or aluminum alloy which is light in weight and has high thermal conductivity.
  • the plug component 2 In order to meet the connection requirements of the circuit board 3 and other devices and components, the plug component 2 generally includes an electrical connector 21.
  • the electrical connector 21 can be connected to other external components by plugging and unplugging, thereby connecting the circuit board 3 with external components, and realizing the supply of power and the transmission of signals.
  • the electrical connector 21 generally includes two connecting portions that can be matched with each other.
  • the electrical connector 21 can include at least one of the following: a plug connector or a socket. In this way, the electrical connection between the circuit board 3 and the external components can be realized by the connection of the plug connector and the socket, and the plugging can be easily performed.
  • the plug assembly 2 may comprise a plurality of electrical connectors 21 for electrically interacting with at least one of the following components Connections: pumps, batteries, radar, vision sensors, infrared sensors, visual lights, fans, breakout boards, avionics systems, 4G network cards, pan/tilt and cameras.
  • This utilizes a plurality of electrical connectors 21 to provide power and communication connections for a plurality of different devices or components on the UAV, ensuring normal flight and other operations of the UAV.
  • the electrical connector 21 can be used to transmit at least one of a power signal or a communication data signal, so that the center board unit can provide power to other devices and parts through the plug component 2 or implement communication. Connection and data transfer.
  • the housing assembly 1 is provided with a power supply plug.
  • the plug hole 13 is inserted into the hollow body.
  • the electrical connector 21 can enter the interior of the housing assembly 1 from the plug hole 13 and be electrically connected to the circuit board 3 housed in the hollow cavity, while the housing assembly 1 still plays the internal circuit board 3 The role of protection.
  • the circuit board in order to connect with the electrical connector, is generally provided with corresponding electrical connectors, terminals or leads, etc., for fixing and connecting the electrical connector.
  • the housing assembly can have two different plug holes depending on the opening position of the plug hole 13.
  • the housing assembly 1 may include at least one first plug hole 13a disposed on one of the housing members; or the housing assembly 1 includes at least one seam disposed at a seam of the adjacent two housing members.
  • the housing assembly 1 may include only the first plug hole 13a or only the second plug hole 13b, and may also include the first plug hole 13a and the second plug hole 13b.
  • the specific arrangement may be according to the specific structure of the center plate unit. Set with the actual connection needs.
  • the first plug hole 13a is disposed on a single one of the housing members, so that the first plug hole 13a is a complete through hole formed in the housing member, and the electrical connector is inserted into the first plug hole 13a.
  • the 21 has sufficient internal space, and the first plug hole 13a is generally disposed at a position near the middle of the housing member.
  • the second plug hole 13b is provided at the joint between the adjacent two housing members, neither of the two housing members can form the complete second plug hole 13b.
  • the hole wall of the second plug hole 13b is formed by splicing the edges of two adjacent housing members.
  • a groove is provided at the edge of the housing member, and after the two opposite grooves are engaged, a complete second plug hole 13b can be formed.
  • the electrical connector 21 inserted into the second plug hole 13b can be inserted into the side wall of the second plug hole 13b between the completion of the splitting of the housing member, and then The housing members are completely assembled to mount the electrical connector 21 in the complete second plug hole 13b.
  • a sealing structure or seal can generally be sealed between the electrical connector 21 and the plug opening 13.
  • a second seal may be disposed between the electrical connector 21 and the first plug hole 13a passing through the first plug hole 13a.
  • the second sealing member can seal the gap between the first plug hole 13a and the electrical connector 21 to prevent external dust, moisture or other impurities from passing through the gap between the first plug hole 13a and the electrical connector 21. Enters the interior of the housing assembly 1.
  • the second seal may generally be a sealing ring.
  • the shape of the sealing ring is a closed annular shape, so that a closed shape without opening and opening can be formed in the annular gap to seal the annular gap.
  • the second seal is a rubber seal or a silicone seal.
  • the second sealing member can be deformed by the pressing between the electrical connector 21 and the hole wall of the first plug hole 13a, so that the second sealing member is filled in the gap, and the electrical connector 21 and The wall of the hole of the first plug hole 13a is closely fitted, so that the hollow body composed of the housing member has a good sealing property.
  • the electrical connector mounted in the second plug hole 13b is generally connected to the second plug hole 13b by snapping or the like, it is inconvenient to provide an additional seal for sealing.
  • the gap between the electrical connector 21 and the second plug hole 13b passing through the second plug hole 13b may be sealed by a sealant.
  • the sealant is disposed, it is generally possible to first bond the electrical connector 21 into the second plug hole 13b, and then fill the gap between the electrical connector 21 and the second plug hole 13b by dispensing. The sealing of the second plug hole 13b.
  • the plurality of electrical connectors 21 in the plug assembly 2 may generally include at least one of a common external plug 21a and an SR plug 21b.
  • the ordinary external plug 21a can pass through the through hole and is fixed and connected by an electrical connector such as a socket provided on the circuit board 3, and is generally applicable to the first plug hole 13a; and the SR plug 21b is generally provided with elasticity.
  • the structure such as the positioning buckle can be caught in the plug hole and fixed, and thus the SR plug 21b is generally connected in the second plug hole 13b.
  • the number and arrangement of the ordinary external plug 21a and the SR plug 21b can be determined according to the structure and arrangement of the center plate unit.
  • the housing assembly 1 can be attached to the fuselage of the UAV through a flexible structure.
  • a flexible structure can absorb and filter the vibration generated by the UAV during flight by utilizing its own deformation, ensuring that the center plate unit can work normally.
  • the flexible structure may include a flexible connector 14 having one end coupled to the housing assembly 1 and the other end coupled to the fuselage of the UAV. Since the flexible connecting member 14 itself has elasticity, it is possible to absorb the vibration of the body by the elastic deformation generated by itself, and to attenuate the vibration to a proper extent when the vibration is transmitted to the casing assembly 1.
  • the flexible connecting members 14 are plural, and the plurality of flexible connecting members 14 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the housing assembly 1.
  • the flexible connector 14 thus supports the housing assembly 1 symmetrically and filters vibrations from various directions to provide a relatively smooth support for the housing assembly 1.
  • the flexible connecting member 14 may be a silicone rubber column or other structural members capable of providing both vibration damping and support.
  • the center board unit specifically includes a housing assembly, a plug assembly, and a circuit board; the circuit board is sealed and disposed in the housing assembly, the plug assembly is fixed on the housing assembly, and the circuit board is provided with a plurality of electronic components. Components, plug-in components are electrically connected to electronic components.
  • the circuit board and the external components can be used for electrical connection and signal transmission, thereby performing functions such as power distribution and communication transmission to other components, and forming a sealing structure on the outside of the circuit board, so that dust, water droplets and other impurities of the outside can not be affected.
  • the normal operation of the center board unit is guaranteed.
  • Embodiment 2 of the present invention further provides an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle provided by this embodiment specifically includes a power system, an avionics system, a battery, a power system, a sensor, a fuselage, and a center plate unit, the power system, the avionic system, the battery, and the sensor.
  • the center plate unit is disposed on the fuselage, and the power system, the avionics system, the battery, the sensor and the center plate unit are electrically connected.
  • the battery supplies power to the power device, the avionics system, and the sensor through the center plate unit, and the avionics system is communicably connected to the power system and the sensor through the center plate unit.
  • the airframe may specifically include an arm and a center frame, and the avionics system, the battery, the sensor, and the center plate unit are all disposed on the center frame.
  • the arm of the UAV is used to set the power system, and the power system, the avionics system, the battery, and the sensor are electrically connected to the center board unit, and the circuit board can receive the signal of the above components and issue instructions to the components to control the The flight state of the human aircraft and the load carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle work.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle specifically includes a power system, an avionics system, a battery, a power system, a sensor, a fuselage, and a center plate unit, and the power system, the avionics system, the battery, the sensor, and the center plate unit are all disposed in the airframe.
  • the power system, the avionics system, the battery, and the sensor are electrically connected to the center board unit.
  • the battery supplies power to the power device, the avionics system and the sensor through the central plate unit, and the avionics system is respectively connected with the power system and the sensor through the central plate unit;
  • the central plate unit specifically comprises a housing component, a plug component and a circuit board
  • the circuit board is sealed and disposed in the housing assembly, and the plug assembly is fixed on the housing assembly.
  • the circuit board is provided with a plurality of electronic components, and the plug assembly is electrically connected to the electronic components.
  • the circuit board and the external components can be electrically connected, thereby performing functions such as power distribution and communication transmission to other components, and forming a sealing structure on the outside of the circuit board, so that dust, water droplets and other impurities of the outside can not affect the circuit board.
  • the normal work is to ensure that the UAV can work properly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种中心板单元及无人飞行器。中心板单元包括壳体组件(1)、插接组件(2)和电路板(3)；所述电路板(3)被密封设置在所述壳体组件(1)内，所述插接组件(2)固定于所述壳体组件(1)上，所述电路板(3)上设置有多个电子元器件，所述插接组件(2)与所述电路板(3)电连接。能够对电路板完成有效的防护，且结构较为紧凑。

Description

中心板单元及无人飞行器 技术领域
本发明涉及飞行器领域，尤其涉及一种中心板单元及无人飞行器。
背景技术
随着科技的不断发展，无人飞行器等自控装置越来越多的出现在了人们的工作和生活中。
目前，无人飞行器在进行控制其飞行和执行任务时，通常采用电路板对动力装置以及负载进行控制和信号传输。现有的电路板通常敞露设置在无人飞行器的中心体上，且通过各种外界插头和接口实现和动力装置等设备之间的信号传输，从而实现正常的飞行和其它操作，一般的，各种插头采取分散连接的方式连接至电路板。
然而，现有的电路板敞露设置，电路板和接口均得不到有效保护，防护等级较低。
发明内容
本发明提供一种中心板单元及无人飞行器，能够对电路板完成有效的防护，且结构较为紧凑。
第一方面，本发明提供一种中心板单元，包括壳体组件、插接组件和电路板；电路板被密封设置在壳体组件内，插接组件固定于壳体组件上，电路板上设置有多个电子元器件，插接组件与电路板电连接。
第二方面，本发明提供一种无人飞行器，包括动力装置、航电系统、电池、动力系统、传感器、机身和如上所述的中心板单元，动力系统、航电系统、电池、传感器和中心板单元均设置在机身上，且动力系统、航电系统、电池、传感器与中心板单元电连接；其中，电池通过中心板单元将电能供给动力装置、航电系统以及传感器，航电系统通过中心板单元分别与动力系统、传感器通信连接。
本发明中心板单元及无人飞行器，中心板单元具体包括壳体组件、插 接组件和电路板；电路板被密封设置在壳体组件内，插接组件固定于壳体组件上，电路板上设置有多个电子元器件，插接组件与电子元器件电连接。这样能够利用电路板和外界部件进行电连接与信号传输，从而完成对其它部件的配电和通信传输等功能，并在电路板外侧形成密封结构，使外界的灰尘、水滴以及其它杂质均无法影响到电路板的正常工作，保障中心板单元的正常工作。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例一提供的中心板单元的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例一提供的中心板单元的底部结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例一提供的中心板单元的俯视图；
图4是本发明实施例一提供的中心板单元的侧视图；
图5是本发明实施例一提供的中心板单元的爆炸示意图；
图6是本发明实施例一提供的中心板单元中壳体件的局部结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1—壳体组件；2—插接组件；3—电路板；4—第一密封件；11—传导部；12—散热组件；13—插头孔；14—柔性连接件；21—电接插件；121—风机；122—散热鳍片；1a—第一壳体；1b—第二壳体；13a—第一插头孔；13b—第二插头孔。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图1是本发明实施例一提供的中心板单元的结构示意图。图2是本发明实施例一提供的中心板单元的底部结构示意图。图3是本发明实施例一提供的中心板单元的俯视图。图4是本发明实施例一提供的中心板单元的侧视图。图5是本发明实施例一提供的中心板单元的爆炸示意图。图6是本发明实施例一提供的中心板单元中壳体件的局部结构示意图。如图1至图6所示，本实施例提供的中心板单元，具体包括壳体组件1、插接组件2和电路板3；电路板3被密封设置在壳体组件1内，插接组件2固定于壳体组件1上，电路板3上设置有多个电子元器件，插接组件3与电子元器件电连接。
具体的，中心板单元可以应用在无人飞行器或者其它装置中。本实施例中以中心板单元应用在无人飞行器中为例进行说明。为了控制无人飞行器和无人飞行器上的负载，无人飞行器上设置有飞行控制器以及航电设备等，从而可以控制无人飞行器上的动力系统、负载以及各类传感器进行工作，保证无人飞行器的正常飞行和工作。其中，动力系统等需要提供电压值较高、电流较大的电源信号，而传感器和各类控制设备则需要电压值和电流均较小的电源信号。因而为了向需求不同的装置实现供电以及通信连接，中心板单元包括有电路板3，电路板3能够与无人飞行器的航电系统或者飞行控制器等连接在一起，从而实现对航电系统或者飞行控制器提供规格不同的电源，以及实现无人飞行器内部通信或者外部通信等功能，从而让航电系统或者飞行控制器等能够正常工作，对无人飞行器上的动力套件或者负载发出指令，并让无人飞行器执行相应的飞行操作或者是其它作业。而插接组件2可以用于连接电路板3以及无人飞行器上的其它装置，完成电路板3和其它装置之间的电性连接与信号交互。
为了实现为无人飞行器的系统进行配电以及进行通信连接等功能，电路板3中包含有多个电子元器件，为了对这些电子元器件进行防护和遮蔽，使电路板3免受外界环境的影响，中心板单元还包括有壳体组件1。壳体组件1为内部具有中空腔体的壳状结构，电路板3即可被容置在壳体组件1的内部，而壳体组件1位于电路板3外侧并形成密封结构，外界的灰尘、水滴以及其它杂质均无法进入壳体组件1内部，使得电路板3得到了良好的密封保护。此时，插接组件2也固定在壳体组件1上，并透过壳体组件 1与电路板3之间形成电性连接，从而保证电路板3与外界之间能够进行正常的信号传输。这样让整个中心板单元具有紧凑的尺寸，且结构整体性较好。
可选的，为了执行电路板3的电性连接以及信号发送等工作，电路板3上的多个电子元器件包括如下至少一种：电容、电子开关，控制芯片。这样电路板3能够利用不同电容、电子开关以及控制芯片之间的组合，而为不同的部件实现配电以及通信的需求。
其中，电路板3通常为印制电路板(Printed circuit board，PCB)，此外也可以是其它类型的电路板。电路板3数量可以为一个，也可以为多个。
为了连接电路板3和壳体组件1，可选的，电路板3一般可以通过螺纹紧固件和壳体组件1连接。这样电路板3的拆卸和维修较为方便。
为了方便的将电路板3容置在其中，作为一种可选的实施方式，壳体组件1包括可相互拼合的至少两个壳体件，至少两个壳体件在拼合后共同围成用于容置电路板3的中空腔体。此时，不同壳体件可以分别作为中空腔体的不同部分腔壁，并共同将电路板围设在其中，形成保护。
一般的，为了便于将电路板3取出或放入，围成中空腔体的至少两个壳体件之间通常为可拆卸连接。这样可以将其中一个或多个壳体件从外壳组件1上拆下，以露出可以取出或放入电路板3的开口，并方便的将电路板3放入中空腔体内或者从中空腔体内取出，从而利于对中心板单元中的电路板3进行检修和更换。
进一步的，至少两个壳体件之间可以为卡合连接的方式完成固定，或者是通过紧固件连接。其中，紧固件可以为螺纹紧固件，且壳体件上开设有用于设置螺纹紧固件的螺纹孔等固定结构。
作为其中一种可选的结构，多个壳体件可以包括第一壳体件1a和第二壳体件1b。这样第一壳体件1a和第二壳体件1b可以共同拼接成中空腔体，壳体件的数量较少，因而结构整体性较好，且连接较为可靠。
进一步的，第一壳体件1a和第二壳体件1b一般从电路板3的板面方向的两侧拼合并形成中空腔体。此时，第一壳体件1a和第二壳体件1b分别位于电路板3的上下两侧，且电路板3平放在第一壳体件1a与第二壳体件1b所围成的中空腔体内部，这样壳体组件1所形成的中空腔体与电 路板3的形状较为匹配，壳体组件1较为紧凑。
由于壳体组件1的中空腔体由多个壳体件相互拼接而成，所以为了保证中空腔体的密封性，应对相邻壳体件之间的接缝和空隙进行密封和防护。因此，可选的，在中心板单元中还可以包括第一密封件4，第一密封件4设置在至少两个壳体件中相邻壳体件之间的结合处，用于密闭中空腔体。具体的，第一密封件4的个数可以根据壳体件的数量而设置。例如当壳体组件1中的壳体件只有两个时，则相邻壳体件之间的接缝只有一条，此时仅需要设置一个第一密封件4，即可完成对于中空腔体的密封。而当壳体组件1中的壳体件数量大于两个时，相邻壳体件之间所形成的接缝也会具有多条，此时，即可通过一个形状较为复杂的第一密封件4填充在所有接缝中，也可以通过多个第一密封件4来密封不同的接缝。
进一步的，一般由于相邻壳体件之间所形成的接缝或间隙为封闭形状，所以为了让第一密封件4具有良好的密封性能，第一密封件4可以为密封圈。密封圈的形状为封闭的环形，所以可以在接缝处形成没有开口和断开的封闭形状，从而为接缝进行密封。
可选的，为了让第一密封件4能够形成较好的密封，第一密封件4为橡胶密封圈或硅胶密封圈。这样相邻壳体件之间可以通过挤压而让第一密封件4产生变形，从而让第一密封件4填充在相邻壳体件之间的接缝处，并与壳体件之间紧密贴合，从而让壳体件组成的中空腔体具有良好的气密性或水密性。
此外，在相邻壳体件之间也可以通过其它方式完成密封，例如在壳体件的接缝处涂覆密封胶，或者在壳体件外侧缠绕防水胶带或者密封膜等，或者本领域技术人员所常用的其它密封方式，此处不再赘述。
电路板3在工作时，其上的电子元器件会散发出大量热量，而壳体组件将电路板3密封在中空腔体内，所以电路板3无法通过对流方式进行冷却，电路板3长时间工作后，即会因为热量积聚而导致无法正常工作甚至损坏。为了对电路板3进行散热，壳体组件1和电路板3之间具有热传导。这样电路板3可以通过传导方式将热量传递给壳体组件1，避免自身的热量积聚现象，从而维持正常工作。
为了让壳体组件1和电路板3之间形成传热良好的热传导路径，作为 一种可选的结构，中空腔体的内壁上设置有用于将电路板3上的热量传导至壳体组件1上的传导部11。这样电路板3和壳体组件1之间即可通过传导部11作为传热媒介进行热量的传递。
具体的，传导部11的第一端可以和至少一个壳体件的内壁连接，传导部11的第二端和电路板3之间具有热传导。这样电路板3所产生的热量可以通过传导部11而直接传递至壳体件上，并由壳体件向壳体组件1外部散发。传导部11可以和一个壳体件连接，也可以和多个壳体件连接，并将电路板3的热量传导至多个不同的壳体件上。
其中，作为可选的一种方式，为了简化传导部11的结构，传导部11的第一端和一个壳体件的内壁连接。这样传导部11可以为结构简单的凸起或凸柱形状，且能够用于对电路板3进行支撑。一般的，传导部11的数量可以为一个，也可以为多个，且不同传导部对应连接在不同壳体件上。
进一步的，传导部11和壳体件之间可以为一体式结构。传导部11和壳体件可以采用一体成型方式而形成，所以传导部11的热量会直接传递给壳体件的本体，这样传导部11和壳体件的本体之间具有较高的热传导效率。
由于电路板3中的发热源主要是电子元器件，因而可选的，传导部11的第二端可以直接和电路板3上的电子元器件之间具有热传导。这样，电子元器件上的热量会直接通过传导部11而传递至壳体组件1，电路板3的散热效率较高。
具体的，传导部11与电子元器件之间也可以有多种不同的热传导方式。例如作为其中一种可选的方式，传导部11的第二端和电路板3上的电子元器件直接接触。此时，应保证传导部11的第二端和电子元器件之间具有较大的接触面，且传导部11和电子元器件之间紧密贴合，以提高传导部11和电子元器件之间的热传导效率。
而当传导部11的第二端和电路板3上的电子元器件之间直接接触时，由于传导部11的端部表面较为粗糙，或者壳体组件1与电路板3之间的装配精度等原因，均会造成传导部11的第二端和电子元器件之间的热传导效率较低。为了形成较高的热传导效率，作为其中另一种可选的方式，传导部11的第二端和电路板3上的电子元器件之间可以通过导热介质连 接。一般的，导热介质通常为半凝固态或者液态，所以可以与传导部11和电子元器件的表面充分接触，在传导部11和电子元器件之间形成良好的热传导路径，提高传热速度和传热效率。
具体的，用于提高传热速度及传热效率的导热介质一般可以为导热胶或导热脂，例如是导热硅脂等。
这样，通过传导部11或者其它导热结构，可以将电路板3上所产生的热量传导至壳体组件1的壳体件上，以对电路板3进行散热。然而，当壳体组件1上所传递的热量较多时，壳体组件1同样也有可能会因为散热不及时而造成局部或整体热量积聚的现象。因此为了对壳体组件1进行散热，中心板单元上还可以包括用于将壳体组件1上的热量传递至外界的散热组件12。散热组件12能够通过传导或对流等方式加速壳体组件1与外界之间的热量交换，使壳体组件1的热量及时散去并维持较低的温度，以便于保证壳体组件1对电路板3的散热效果。
具体的，根据热量交换模式以及工作方式的不同，散热组件12可以分为主动散热方式或者是被动散热方式。
其中，作为其中一种散热组件的实施方式，散热组件12可以包括风机121，风机121设置在壳体组件1的外侧，此时，散热组件12为主动散热方式。风机121可以通过驱动气流的运动而加速壳体组件1外侧的气流交换，让外界的新鲜气流能够通过对流的方式将壳体组件1上所积聚的热量带走，从而实现对壳体组件1的降温和散热。根据壳体组件1的不同形状，风机121可以设置为离心风机或者轴流风机。
一般的，根据中心板单元的结构和工况的不同，风机121的数量也可以为一个或多个，且风机121可以设置在壳体组件1外侧的不同位置。
为了让风机121形成较强的对流换热效果，可选的，风机121设置在至少一个壳体件的外壁上。这样风机121能够驱离壳体件外壁附近的热空气，并让外界的新鲜冷空气进入壳体件外壁附近的区域，并与壳体件的外壁之间实现热量交换。此外，风机121也可以设置在其它位置，例如是和壳体件之间具有一定间距的位置等。
进一步的，当散热组件12包括风机121时，设置有风机121的壳体件的外壁上还可以设置有散热结构。散热结构通常具有较大的散热面积， 能够加速壳体件外壁与外界空气之间的热量交换。
可选的，散热结构可以包括散热鳍片122。散热鳍片122又称为散热片，一般以铜或者铝等导热性能较好的金属或其它材料制成，且一般通过间隔设置的多个翅片形成散热鳍片122，当外界气流流经散热鳍片122中间的间隔时，会与多个翅片的表面同时进行换热，因而提高了待换热面的表面面积，从而加快了散热速度。一般的，散热鳍片122的形状和结构均可以有多种不同形式，此处不再赘述。
其中，为了让散热鳍片122具有较高的散热效率，散热鳍片122和壳体件的外壁之间通常也需要保持良好的接触以及热传导。
此外，作为另一种散热组件的实施方式，散热组件12可以包括热管。热管中含有工作介质，工作介质一般可以在液态和气态之间转换。当热管受热时，位于热管内部的一端的工作介质会因温度升高而蒸发变成气态，气态的工作介质流动至热管的另一端并冷却放热，从而完成了热量的传递；而释放了热量后的工作介质会回复至液态，并重新流回至原先位置。这样在热管内工作介质的不断转换下，散热组件12能够快速的完成热量的传递，使电路板3工作在适宜的温度下。热管的具体结构以及设置方式均可以是本领域技术人员所熟知的方式，此处不再赘述。
而作为又一种散热组件的实施方式，散热组件12可以包括半导体散热器件。半导体散热器件可以利用半导体热电偶对在有电流通过时所产生的热量转移进行工作，让热量快速的由电偶的一端传递至另一端。半导体散热器件的具体工作原理、结构以及设置方式均可以为本领域技术人员所熟知的方式，此处不再赘述。
而为了提高壳体组件1与电路板3之间，以及壳体组件1与外界之间的热传递速度，可选的，壳体件一般可以为金属件。由于金属具有较高的结构强度和优良的传热性能，因而利用金属制成壳体件，能够保证壳体组件对电路板3形成较好的保护，且电路板3能够得到有效的散热。此外，金属制成的壳体件还具有易于加工制造，形成的壳体组件1整体性较好等优点。具体的，壳体件一般可以采用铝或铝合金等较轻，且热传导率较高的金属材料制成。
由于电路板3均被容置在壳体组件1内，因而为了实现电路板3与外 界之间的信息传递，还需要利用插接组件2与电路板3实现连接。插接组件2均固定在壳体组件1上，这样插接组件2的分布集中度较高，紧凑性较好。其中，为了满足电路板3与其它装置及部件的连接需求，插接组件2一般包括有电接插件21。这样电插接件21可以通过插拔的方式和其它外部部件连接，从而连接电路板3与外部部件，并实现电源的供给以及信号的传输。
具体的，电接插件21通常包括两个可以相互匹配的连接部分，例如，电插接件21可以包括如下至少一种：插接头或者是插接座。这样即可通过插接头与插接座的连接而实现电路板3与外部部件之间的电性连接，且易于插拔。
为了让插接组件2同时与多个其它装置或部件进行连接，可选的，插接组件2可以包括多个电插接件21，电插接件21用于与下述至少一种部件电连接：水泵，电池，雷达，视觉传感器，红外传感器，视觉灯，风扇，分线板，航电系统，4G网卡，云台以及相机等。这样利用多个电插接件21，能够为无人飞行器上多个不同装置或组件提供电源和通信连接，保障无人飞行器的正常飞行和其它操作。
其中，可选的，电插接件21可以用于传输电源信号或者是通信数据信号中的至少一种，因而中心板单元可以通过插接组件2而为其它装置和部分提供电源或者是实现通信连接与数据传送。
此时，为了让位于中心板单元外部的其它设备和部件通过电插接件21而与壳体组件1内的电路板3连接，可选的，壳体组件1上设置有用于供电插接件插入中空腔体内的插头孔13。这样电插接件21可以从插头孔13进入壳体组件1内部，并与中空腔体中所容置的电路板3实现电性连接，而壳体组件1仍旧对内部的电路板3起到保护的作用。
其中，为了和电插接件连接，电路板上一般设置有相应的电连接器、端子或者引线等，用于让电插接件固定并连接于其上。
而在壳体组件1上开设插头孔13时，根据插头孔13的开设位置的不同，壳体组件上可以具有两种不同插头孔。例如，壳体组件1上可以包括至少一个设置在一个壳体件上的第一插头孔13a；或者是，壳体组件1上包括至少一个设置在相邻两个壳体件的接缝处的第二插头孔13b。壳体组 件1上可以仅包括第一插头孔13a或者仅包括第二插头孔13b，也可以同时包括第一插头孔13a和第二插头孔13b，其具体设置方式可以根据中心板单元的具体结构和实际连接需要而设置。
其中，第一插头孔13a设置在单独的一个壳体件上，因而第一插头孔13a为开设在该壳体件上的完整通孔，且为了让插入第一插头孔13a的电插接件21具有足够的内部空间，第一插头孔13a一般设置在壳体件的靠近中部的位置。
而由于第二插头孔13b设置在相邻两个壳体件之间的接缝处，因而两个壳体件中的任意一个均无法形成完整的第二插头孔13b。此时，第二插头孔13b的孔壁由相邻两个壳体件的边缘拼接而成。一般的，此时在壳体件的边缘设置有凹槽，两个相对的凹槽对合之后，即可组成一个完整的第二插头孔13b。
由于第二插头孔13b由不同壳体件形成，因而插入第二插头孔13b的电插接件21可以在壳体件完成拼合之间装入第二插头孔13b的一侧孔壁上，再将壳体件完全拼合，以将电插接件21安装在完整的第二插头孔13b中。
为了让开设有插头孔13的壳体组件1仍然保持有密封性，在电插接件21和插头孔13之间一般可以密封结构或密封件进行密封。可选的，为了对第一插头孔13a进行密封，在穿过第一插头孔13a的电插接件21和第一插头孔13a之间可以设置有第二密封件。这样，第二密封件可以将第一插头孔13a与电插接件21之间的间隙密封起来，防止外界灰尘、水汽或者其它杂质通过第一插头孔13a与电插接件21之间的间隙进入壳体组件1内部。
进一步的，由于第一插头孔13a与插入第一插头孔13a的电插接件21之间一般会形成环形间隙，所以第二密封件通常可以为密封圈。密封圈的形状为封闭的环形，所以可以在环形间隙内形成没有开口和断开的封闭形状，从而为环形间隙进行密封。
可选的，为了让第二密封件能够形成较好的密封，第二密封件为橡胶密封圈或硅胶密封圈。这样可以通过电插接件21与第一插头孔13a的孔壁之间的挤压而让第二密封件产生变形，从而让第二密封件填充在间隙中， 并与电插接件21和第一插头孔13a的孔壁紧密贴合，从而让壳体件组成的中空腔体具有良好的密封性。
可选的，由于安装在第二插头孔13b中的电插接件一般通过卡接等方式与第二插头孔13b连接，因此不便于设置额外的密封件实现密封。此时，为了对第二插头孔13b进行密封，穿过第二插头孔13b的电插接件21和第二插头孔13b之间的空隙可以通过密封胶密封。设置密封胶时，通常可以采取先将电插接件21粘接在第二插头孔13b内，然后再以点胶的方式填充电插接件21与第二插头孔13b之间的空隙，完成第二插头孔13b的密封。
其中，插接组件2中的多个电插接件21一般可以包括普通的外接插头21a和SR插头21b中的至少一种。其中，普通外接插头21a可以穿过通孔，并依靠电路板3上所设置的插座等电连接器进行固定和连接，一般适用于第一插头孔13a中；而SR插头21b一般设置有弹性的定位扣等结构，可以卡在插头孔中并完成固定，因而SR插头21b一般连接在第二插头孔13b内。普通的外接插头21a与SR插头21b的数量和排列方式均可以根据中心板单元的结构和设置方式而定。
由于中心板单元内部设置有多个电子元器件以及与电插接件21连接的模块，所以为了在无人飞行器飞行时保持中心板单元的正常工作，作为一种可选的方式，壳体组件1可以通过柔性结构连接在无人飞行器的机身上。这样柔性结构能够利用自身的形变而吸收和过滤无人飞行器在飞行时产生的振动，确保中心板单元能够正常工作。
可选的，柔性结构可以包括柔性连接件14，柔性连接件14的一端和壳体组件1连接，另一端和无人飞行器的机身连接。由于柔性连接件14自身具有弹性，所以可以通过自身产生的弹性形变而对机身的振动进行吸收，并使振动传递到壳体组件1上时衰减至合适的程度。
为了对壳体组件1均衡的进行支撑，柔性连接件14为多个，且多个柔性连接件14相对于壳体组件1对称设置。这样柔性连接件14对称的支撑壳体组件1，并过滤来自各个方向上的振动，从而为壳体组件1提供较为平稳的支撑。
具体的，柔性连接件14可以为硅橡胶柱，或者其它能够同时提供减 振和支撑的结构件等。
本实施例中，中心板单元具体包括壳体组件、插接组件和电路板；电路板被密封设置在壳体组件内，插接组件固定于壳体组件上，电路板上设置有多个电子元器件，插接组件与电子元器件电连接。这样能够利用电路板和外界部件进行电连接与信号传输，从而完成对其它部件的配电和通信传输等功能，并在电路板外侧形成密封结构，使外界的灰尘、水滴以及其它杂质均无法影响到电路板的正常工作，保障中心板单元的正常工作。
本发明实施例二还提供一种无人飞行器。本实施例提供的无人飞行器，具体包括动力系统、航电系统、电池、动力系统、传感器、机身和前述实施例一中所述的中心板单元，动力系统、航电系统、电池、传感器和中心板单元均设置在机身上，且动力系统、航电系统、电池、传感器与中心板单元中电连接。其中，电池通过中心板单元将电能供给动力装置、航电系统以及传感器，航电系统通过中心板单元分别与动力系统以及传感器通信连接。中心板单元的具体结构、工作原理及功能均已在前述实施例一中进行了详细说明，此处不再赘述。
具体的，本实施例中的无人飞行器，其机身具体可包括机臂和中心架，航电系统、电池、传感器以及中心板单元均设置在中心架上。而无人飞行器的机臂用于设置动力系统，动力系统、航电系统、电池、传感器均和中心板单元电连接，电路板可以通过接收上述部件的信号并向上述部件发出指令，以控制无人飞行器的飞行状态，以及无人飞行器所搭载的负载进行工作等。
本实施例中，无人飞行器具体包括动力系统、航电系统、电池、动力系统、传感器、机身和中心板单元，动力系统、航电系统、电池、传感器和中心板单元均设置在机身上，且动力系统、航电系统、电池、传感器与中心板单元中电连接。其中，电池通过中心板单元将电能供给动力装置、航电系统以及传感器，航电系统通过中心板单元分别与动力系统以及传感器通信连接；中心板单元具体包括壳体组件、插接组件和电路板；电路板被密封设置在壳体组件内，插接组件固定于壳体组件上，电路板上设置有多个电子元器件，插接组件与电子元器件电连接。这样能够利用电路板和外界部件进行电连接，从而完成对其它部件的配电和通信传输等功能，并 在电路板外侧形成密封结构，使外界的灰尘、水滴以及其它杂质均无法影响到电路板的正常工作，保障无人飞行器能够正常工作。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (91)

  1. 一种中心板单元，其特征在于，包括壳体组件、插接组件和电路板；所述电路板被密封设置在所述壳体组件内，所述插接组件固定于所述壳体组件上，所述电路板上设置有多个电子元器件，所述插接组件与所述电路板电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述多个电子元器件包括如下至少一种：电容、电子开关、控制芯片。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述壳体组件包括可相互拼合的至少两个壳体件，所述至少两个壳体件在拼合后共同围成用于容置所述电路板的中空腔体。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述至少两个壳体件之间为可拆卸连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述至少两个壳体件之间卡合连接或者通过紧固件连接。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，还包括第一密封件，所述第一密封件设置在所述至少两个壳体件中相邻壳体件之间的结合处，用于密闭所述中空腔体。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述第一密封件为密封圈。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述第一密封件为橡胶密封圈或硅胶密封圈。
  9. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述壳体组件和所述电子元器件之间具有热传导。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述中空腔体的内壁上设置有用于将所述电子元器件的热量传导至所述壳体组件上的传导部。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述传导部的第一端和至少一个所述壳体件的内壁连接，所述传导部的第二端和所述电路板之间具有热传导。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述传导部 的第一端和一个所述壳体件的内壁连接。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述传导部和所述壳体件为一体式结构。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13任一项所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述传导部的第二端和所述电路板上的所述电子元器件之间具有热传导。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述传导部的第二端和所电路板上的所述电子元器件直接接触。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述传导部的第二端和所述电路板上的所述电子元器件之间通过导热介质连接。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述导热介质为导热胶或导热脂。
  18. 根据权利要求9所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，还包括用于将所述壳体组件上的热量传递至外界的散热组件。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述散热组件为主动散热方式或者被动散热方式工作。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述散热组件包括风机，所述风机设置在所述壳体组件的外侧。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述风机设置在至少一个所述壳体件的外壁上。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，设置有所述风机的所述壳体件的外壁上设置有散热结构。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述散热结构包括散热鳍片。
  24. 根据权利要求19所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述散热组件包括热管。
  25. 根据权利要求19所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述散热组件包括半导体散热器件。
  26. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述壳体件为金属件。
  27. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述 插接组件包括至少一个电插接件。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述电插接件包括如下至少一种：插接头，插接座。
  29. 根据权利要求27所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述插接组件包括多个所述电插接件，所述电插接件用于与下述至少一种部件电连接：水泵，电池，雷达，视觉传感器，红外传感器，视觉灯，风扇，分线板，航电系统，4G网卡，云台，相机。
  30. 根据权利要求27所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述电插接件用于传输如下至少一种信号：电源信号，通信数据信号。
  31. 根据权利要求27所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述壳体组件上设置有用于供所述电插接件插入所述中空腔体内的插头孔。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述壳体组件上包括至少一个设置在一个所述壳体件上的第一插头孔；和/或，所述壳体组件上包括至少一个设置在相邻两个所述壳体件的接缝处的第二插头孔。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述第二插头孔的孔壁由所述相邻两个所述壳体件的边缘拼接而成。
  34. 根据权利要求32所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，穿过所述第一插头孔的所述电插接件和所述第一插头孔之间设置有第二密封件。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述第二密封件为密封圈。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述第二密封件为橡胶密封圈或者硅胶密封圈。
  37. 根据权利要求32-36任一项所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，穿过所述第二插头孔的所述电插接件和所述第二插头孔之间的空隙通过密封胶密封。
  38. 根据权利要求27所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述多个电插接件包括外接插头和/或SR插头。
  39. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述多个壳体件包括第一壳体件和第二壳体件。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述第一壳体件和所述第二壳体件从所述电路板的板面方向的两侧拼合并形成所述中空腔体。
  41. 根据权利要求40所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述电路板通过螺纹紧固件和所述壳体组件连接。
  42. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述壳体组件通过柔性结构连接在无人飞行器的机身上。
  43. 根据权利要求42所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述柔性结构包括柔性连接件，所述柔性连接件的一端和所述壳体组件连接，另一端和所述机身连接。
  44. 根据权利要求43所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述柔性连接件为多个，且多个所述柔性连接件相对于所述壳体组件对称设置。
  45. 根据权利要求43或44所述的中心板单元，其特征在于，所述柔性连接件为硅橡胶柱。
  46. 一种无人飞行器，其特征在于，包括动力装置、航电系统、电池、动力系统、传感器、机身和中心板单元，所述动力系统、所述航电系统、所述电池、所述传感器和所述中心板单元均设置在所述机身上，且所述动力系统、所述航电系统、所述电池、所述传感器与所述中心板单元电连接；
    其中，所述电池通过所述中心板单元将电能供给所述动力装置、所述航电系统以及所述传感器，所述航电系统通过所述中心板单元分别与所述动力系统、所述传感器通信连接；
    所述中心板单元，包括壳体组件、插接组件和电路板；所述电路板被密封设置在所述壳体组件内，所述插接组件固定于所述壳体组件上，所述电路板上设置有多个电子元器件，所述插接组件与所述电路板电连接。
  47. 根据权利要求46所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述多个电子元器件包括如下至少一种：电容、电子开关、控制芯片。
  48. 根据权利要求46所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述壳体组件包括可相互拼合的至少两个壳体件，所述至少两个壳体件在拼合后共同围成用于容置所述电路板的中空腔体。
  49. 根据权利要求48所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述至少两 个壳体件之间为可拆卸连接。
  50. 根据权利要求49所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述至少两个壳体件之间卡合连接或者通过紧固件连接。
  51. 根据权利要求48-50任一项所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，还包括第一密封件，所述第一密封件设置在所述至少两个壳体件中相邻壳体件之间的结合处，用于密闭所述中空腔体。
  52. 根据权利要求51所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述第一密封件为密封圈。
  53. 根据权利要求52所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述第一密封件为橡胶密封圈或硅胶密封圈。
  54. 根据权利要求48-50任一项所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述壳体组件和所述电子元器件之间具有热传导。
  55. 根据权利要求54所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述中空腔体的内壁上设置有用于将所述电子元器件的热量传导至所述壳体组件上的传导部。
  56. 根据权利要求55所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述传导部的第一端和至少一个所述壳体件的内壁连接，所述传导部的第二端和所述电路板之间具有热传导。
  57. 根据权利要求56所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述传导部的第一端和一个所述壳体件的内壁连接。
  58. 根据权利要求57所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述传导部和所述壳体件为一体式结构。
  59. 根据权利要求56-58任一项所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述传导部的第二端和所述电路板上的所述电子元器件之间具有热传导。
  60. 根据权利要求59所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述传导部的第二端和所电路板上的所述电子元器件直接接触。
  61. 根据权利要求59所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述传导部的第二端和所述电路板上的所述电子元器件之间通过导热介质连接。
  62. 根据权利要求61所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述导热介质为导热胶或导热脂。
  63. 根据权利要求54所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，还包括用于将所述壳体组件上的热量传递至外界的散热组件。
  64. 根据权利要求63所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述散热组件为主动散热方式或者被动散热方式工作。
  65. 根据权利要求64所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述散热组件包括风机，所述风机设置在所述壳体组件的外侧。
  66. 根据权利要求65所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述风机设置在至少一个所述壳体件的外壁上。
  67. 根据权利要求66所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，设置有所述风机的所述壳体件的外壁上设置有散热结构。
  68. 根据权利要求67所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述散热结构包括散热鳍片。
  69. 根据权利要求64所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述散热组件包括热管。
  70. 根据权利要求64所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述散热组件包括半导体散热器件。
  71. 根据权利要求48-50任一项所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述壳体件为金属件。
  72. 根据权利要求48-50任一项所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述插接组件包括至少一个电插接件。
  73. 根据权利要求72所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述电插接件包括如下至少一种：插接头，插接座。
  74. 根据权利要求72所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述插接组件包括多个所述电插接件，所述电插接件用于与下述至少一种部件电连接：水泵，电池，雷达，视觉传感器，红外传感器，视觉灯，风扇，分线板，航电系统，4G网卡，云台，相机。
  75. 根据权利要求72所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述电插接件用于传输如下至少一种信号：电源信号，通信数据信号。
  76. 根据权利要求72所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述壳体组件上设置有用于供所述电插接件插入所述中空腔体内的插头孔。
  77. 根据权利要求76所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述壳体组件上包括至少一个设置在一个所述壳体件上的第一插头孔；和/或，所述壳体组件上包括至少一个设置在相邻两个所述壳体件的接缝处的第二插头孔。
  78. 根据权利要求77所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述第二插头孔的孔壁由所述相邻两个所述壳体件的边缘拼接而成。
  79. 根据权利要求77所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，穿过所述第一插头孔的所述电插接件和所述第一插头孔之间设置有第二密封件。
  80. 根据权利要求79所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述第二密封件为密封圈。
  81. 根据权利要求80所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述第二密封件为橡胶密封圈或者硅胶密封圈。
  82. 根据权利要求77-81任一项所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，穿过所述第二插头孔的所述电插接件和所述第二插头孔之间的空隙通过密封胶密封。
  83. 根据权利要求72所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述多个电插接件包括外接插头和/或SR插头。
  84. 根据权利要求48-50任一项所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述多个壳体件包括第一壳体件和第二壳体件。
  85. 根据权利要求84所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述第一壳体件和所述第二壳体件从所述电路板的板面方向的两侧拼合并形成所述中空腔体。
  86. 根据权利要求85所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述电路板通过螺纹紧固件和所述壳体组件连接。
  87. 根据权利要求46-50任一项所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述壳体组件通过柔性结构连接在无人飞行器的机身上。
  88. 根据权利要求87所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述柔性结构包括柔性连接件，所述柔性连接件的一端和所述壳体组件连接，另一端和所述机身连接。
  89. 根据权利要求88所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述柔性连 接件为多个，且多个所述柔性连接件相对于所述壳体组件对称设置。
  90. 根据权利要求88或89所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述柔性连接件为硅橡胶柱。
  91. 根据权利要求46-50任一项所述的无人飞行器，其特征在于，所述机身包括机臂和中心架，所述中心板单元设置在所述中心架上。
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