WO2018216240A1 - テンプレート、窒化物半導体紫外線発光素子及びテンプレートの製造方法 - Google Patents
テンプレート、窒化物半導体紫外線発光素子及びテンプレートの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018216240A1 WO2018216240A1 PCT/JP2017/035559 JP2017035559W WO2018216240A1 WO 2018216240 A1 WO2018216240 A1 WO 2018216240A1 JP 2017035559 W JP2017035559 W JP 2017035559W WO 2018216240 A1 WO2018216240 A1 WO 2018216240A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aln
- aln layer
- main surface
- template
- crystal
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 52
- 238000000089 atomic force micrograph Methods 0.000 description 40
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001451 molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/16—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular crystal structure or orientation, e.g. polycrystalline, amorphous or porous
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/40—AIIIBV compounds wherein A is B, Al, Ga, In or Tl and B is N, P, As, Sb or Bi
- C30B29/403—AIII-nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
- C30B25/18—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate
- C30B25/186—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate being specially pre-treated by, e.g. chemical or physical means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02436—Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
- H01L21/02439—Materials
- H01L21/02455—Group 13/15 materials
- H01L21/02458—Nitrides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/20—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0062—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds
- H01L33/0066—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds with a substrate not being a III-V compound
- H01L33/007—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds with a substrate not being a III-V compound comprising nitride compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0062—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds
- H01L33/0075—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds comprising nitride compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/04—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction
- H01L33/06—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction within the light emitting region, e.g. quantum confinement structure or tunnel barrier
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/12—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a stress relaxation structure, e.g. buffer layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/16—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular crystal structure or orientation, e.g. polycrystalline, amorphous or porous
- H01L33/18—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular crystal structure or orientation, e.g. polycrystalline, amorphous or porous within the light emitting region
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
- H01L33/32—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a template provided with a sapphire substrate, a manufacturing method thereof, and a nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light-emitting device provided with the template.
- the present invention relates to a template for a nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting device having a peak emission wavelength in the ultraviolet region, a method for producing the same, and the nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting device.
- a template of a nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting device using an AlGaN-based nitride semiconductor as an active layer a template obtained by epitaxially growing an AlN layer on the main surface of a sapphire substrate is often used.
- the crystallinity of the underlying semiconductor layer greatly affects the crystallinity of the semiconductor layer thereon. Therefore, the crystallinity of the template surface is particularly important because it affects the overall crystallinity of the semiconductor light emitting device.
- the better the crystallinity of the surface of the template the better the crystallinity of each semiconductor layer (especially the active layer) provided in the semiconductor light emitting device, and the recombination of electrons and holes that generate light emission is caused by crystal defects. Since it becomes difficult to be inhibited, characteristics such as luminous efficiency are improved.
- a template produced by epitaxially growing an AlN layer on the main surface of a sapphire substrate can obtain an AlN layer with good crystallinity because of lattice mismatch between sapphire and AlN, and difficulty in migration of Al atoms. There is a problem that is difficult.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 and Non-Patent Document 1 propose a template manufacturing method in which the crystallinity of the AlN layer is improved by devising the supply timing of the source gas during the growth of the AlN layer.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional template manufacturing method, and is a feature article by Hideki Hirayama, one of the inventors of Patent Documents 1 and 2 and one of the authors of Non-Patent Document 1. This is a part of FIG. 3 described in RIKEN NEWS June 2011, pages 2 to 5.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 and Non-Patent Document 1 do not greatly change the growth mode of AlN crystals from the past, and cause the crystallinity of the AlN layer to decrease in the past.
- the crystallinity of the AlN layer is not dramatically improved because it only reduces threading dislocations.
- the present invention provides a template in which the crystallinity of the AlN layer is dramatically improved by greatly changing the growth mode of the AlN crystal, a manufacturing method thereof, and a nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting device including the template.
- the purpose is to do.
- the present invention is formed directly on a sapphire substrate having a (0001) plane or a plane inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the (0001) plane, and the main surface of the sapphire substrate.
- An AlN layer composed of an AlN crystal having an epitaxial crystal orientation relationship with respect to the main surface, and an average particle diameter of the AlN crystal at a thickness of 20 nm from the main surface of the AlN layer, A template characterized by being 100 nm or less is provided.
- the average particle diameter of the AlN crystal at a thickness of 20 nm from the main surface of the AlN layer may be 75 nm or less, or 70 nm or less.
- an average particle diameter of the AlN crystal at a thickness of 300 nm from the main surface of the AlN layer may be 300 nm or less.
- the main surface of the sapphire substrate may be a surface inclined by 0.2 ° or more with respect to the (0001) plane. According to this template, it is possible to easily obtain an AlN crystal having a small average particle diameter as described above.
- the AlN crystal having a thickness of 300 nm from the main surface of the AlN layer may be + C-axis oriented toward the upper side of the sapphire substrate. According to this template, the crystallinity of the AlN layer can be further improved.
- the present invention also provides a nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting device comprising the above template and an element structure portion including a plurality of AlGaN-based semiconductor layers stacked on the template.
- the present invention provides a process of forming an AlN layer by directly epitaxially growing an AlN crystal on the main surface of a sapphire substrate whose main surface is a (0001) plane or a plane inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the (0001) plane. And in the step, the AlN crystal is epitaxially grown under growth conditions such that an average grain size of the AlN crystal on the surface of the AlN layer epitaxially grown from the main surface to a thickness of 20 nm is 100 nm or less.
- a template manufacturing method is provided.
- the present invention provides a process of forming an AlN layer by directly epitaxially growing an AlN crystal on the main surface of a sapphire substrate whose main surface is a (0001) plane or a plane inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the (0001) plane.
- the AlN layer is grown under a growth condition in which an average grain size of the AlN crystal on the surface of the AlN layer epitaxially grown from the main surface to a thickness of 300 nm is 300 nm or less. May be epitaxially grown.
- the RMS value of the surface roughness of the AlN layer epitaxially grown to a thickness of 20 nm from the main surface is the AlN epitaxially grown to a thickness of 300 nm from the main surface.
- the AlN layer may be epitaxially grown under growth conditions that are equal to or less than the RMS value of the surface roughness of the layer.
- the AlN layer may be epitaxially grown under a growth condition in which the RMS value of the surface roughness of the AlN layer epitaxially grown from the main surface to a thickness of 20 nm is 5 nm or less, or a thickness of 300 nm from the main surface.
- the AlN layer may be epitaxially grown under a growth condition in which the RMS value of the surface roughness of the AlN layer epitaxially grown is 10 nm or less.
- the AlN layer is epitaxially grown under a growth condition in which the AlN crystal on the surface of the AlN layer epitaxially grown from the main surface to a thickness of 300 nm is + C-axis oriented. Also good. According to this template manufacturing method, the crystallinity of the AlN layer can be further improved.
- the growth temperature of the AlN layer may be 1150 ° C. or higher and 1300 ° C. or lower.
- the AlN crystal can be suitably epitaxially grown on the main surface of the sapphire substrate.
- the crystallinity of the AlN layer epitaxially grown on the main surface of the sapphire substrate can be dramatically improved.
- the nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light-emitting device using this template can improve the crystallinity of the device structure portion, and thus improve the characteristics such as light emission efficiency.
- the principal part sectional view showing typically an example of the structure of the nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting element concerning the embodiment of the present invention.
- the top view which showed typically an example of the structure at the time of seeing the nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting element shown in FIG. 1 from the upper side of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a table showing the measurement results of the AlN crystal grain size shown in FIGS.
- the table shown. The AFM image of a 300 nm thick AlN layer grown on the main surface of a sapphire substrate with an off angle of 0.2 °, and the RMS value of the AlN crystal grain size and AlN layer surface roughness measured by the AFM apparatus. The table shown.
- FIG. The table
- a template including a sapphire substrate and an element structure portion having a plurality of AlGaN-based semiconductor layers stacked on the template and having a peak emission wavelength of 365 nm or less by energization
- a nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light-emitting element that is a light-emitting diode that emits light (ultraviolet light) and a manufacturing method thereof will be exemplified.
- an AlGaN-based semiconductor that is a material constituting each of the AlGaN-based semiconductor layers included in the element structure portion includes AlGaN, AlN, or GaN, or a small amount of impurities (for example, Si, Mg, In, etc.).
- the relative composition ratio of Al and Ga is expressed by using subscripts with respect to Al and Ga as needed (for example, Al X Ga 1-X N).
- the structure of the element structure portion on the template may be any structure, and is limited to the structure exemplified in the following ⁇ nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting element>. It is not something.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part schematically showing an example of the structure of a nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the structure of the nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light-emitting device shown in FIG. 1 when viewed from the upper side of FIG. In FIG.
- the thicknesses of the substrate, the AlGaN-based semiconductor layer, and the electrodes are schematically shown, and therefore do not necessarily match the actual dimensional ratio.
- an AlGaN-based semiconductor that does not describe both p-type and n-type is undoped, but even if it is undoped, a trace amount of impurities that are inevitably mixed may be included.
- the nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting device 1 includes a template 10 including a sapphire substrate 11, a plurality of AlGaN-based semiconductor layers 21 to 24, and electrodes 25 and 26.
- the element structure part 20 is included.
- the nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting element 1 is mounted (flip-chip mounted) with the element structure 20 side (upper side in FIG. 1) facing the mounting base.
- the take-out direction is the template 10 side (the lower side in the drawing in FIG. 1).
- the template 10 includes a sapphire substrate 11 whose main surface is a (0001) plane or a plane inclined by a predetermined angle (off angle) with respect to the (0001) plane, and an AlN layer directly formed on the main surface of the sapphire substrate 11.
- the AlN layer 12 is composed of an AlN crystal epitaxially grown from the main surface of the sapphire substrate 11, and the AlN crystal has an epitaxial crystal orientation relationship with respect to the main surface of the sapphire substrate 11. Specifically, for example, the AlN crystal grows so that the C-axis direction ( ⁇ 0001> direction) of the sapphire substrate 11 and the C-axis direction of the AlN crystal are aligned.
- the AlN crystal constituting the AlN layer 12 may contain a trace amount of Ga and other impurities. Further, a layer made of an Al ⁇ Ga 1- ⁇ N (1> ⁇ > 0) based semiconductor may be further formed on the upper surface of the AlN layer 12.
- the element structure unit 20 has a structure in which an n-type cladding layer 21, an active layer 22, an electron blocking layer 23, and a p-type contact layer 24 are sequentially epitaxially grown from the template 10 side.
- the n-type cladding layer 21 is composed of an n-type Al X Ga 1-X N (1 ⁇ X> 0) based semiconductor.
- the active layer 22 includes a well layer made of Al Y1 Ga 1-Y1 N-based semiconductor (X> Y1 ⁇ 0), a barrier layer made of Al Y2 Ga 1-Y2 N (X ⁇ Y2> Y1), and Each has a single or multiple quantum well structure in which one or more layers are alternately stacked.
- the electron block layer 23 is composed of a p-type Al Z Ga 1-Z N (1 ⁇ Z ⁇ Y2) based semiconductor.
- the p-type contact layer 24 is composed of a p-type Al Q Ga 1-Q N (Z> Q ⁇ 0) based semiconductor.
- the element structure 20 includes, for example, a p-electrode 25 made of Ni / Au and formed on the upper surface of the p-type contact layer 24, and an n-type cladding layer 21 made of, for example, Ti / Al / Ti / Au.
- An n electrode 26 formed on the upper surface of the n-type cladding layer 21 is provided in a part of the exposed region.
- the AlN layer 11 included in the template 10 and the AlGaN-based semiconductor layers 21 to 21 included in the element structure 20 are formed by a known epitaxial growth method such as an organic metal compound vapor phase growth (MOVPE) method or a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method.
- MOVPE organic metal compound vapor phase growth
- MBE molecular beam epitaxy
- 24 are sequentially epitaxially grown on the sapphire substrate 11 and stacked.
- the n-type layer is doped with, for example, Si as a donor impurity
- the p-type layer is doped with, for example, Mg as an acceptor impurity.
- a partial region of the semiconductor layer laminated as described above is selectively etched by a known etching method such as reactive ion etching to expose the n-type cladding layer 21 in the region.
- the p-electrode 25 is formed on the p-type contact layer 24 in the unetched region and the n-type cladding layer 21 in the etched region by a known film forming method such as an electron beam evaporation method.
- An n-electrode 26 is formed.
- heat treatment may be performed by a known heat treatment method such as RTA (instantaneous thermal annealing).
- the template 10 described above is characterized by the AlN layer 12 formed on the main surface of the sapphire substrate 11, and the sapphire substrate 11 can epitaxially grow the AlN layer 12 (particularly in the C-axis direction). Any material can be used as long as it can grow.
- the template 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is a template proposed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 and Non-Patent Document 1 in that the grain size of the AlN crystal formed on the main surface of the sapphire substrate 11 is as small as possible. It is very different.
- the grain size of the AlN crystal depends on various growth conditions such as the off angle of the sapphire substrate 11, the growth temperature (substrate temperature), the supply amount and supply ratio of raw materials (V / III ratio), and the supply amount of carrier gas. It depends on the film forming apparatus used.
- AlN crystal nuclei are formed on a sapphire substrate, and an AlN layer is grown so as to fill the space between the AlN crystal nuclei.
- the growth temperature is preferably 1150 ° C. or higher and 1300 ° C. or lower, from the viewpoint of suitably epitaxially growing an AlN crystal on the main surface of the sapphire substrate 11. More preferably, the temperature is less than ° C.
- FIG. 3 to 5 are AFM (Atomic Force Microscope) images of the surface of the AlN layer grown to a thickness of 20 nm in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an AFM image of an AlN layer having a thickness of 20 nm grown on the main surface of a sapphire substrate having an off angle of 0.2 °.
- FIG. 4 is an AFM image of an AlN layer having a thickness of 20 nm grown on the main surface of a sapphire substrate having an off angle of 0.5 °.
- FIG. 5 is an AFM image of an AlN layer having a thickness of 20 nm grown on the main surface of a sapphire substrate with an off angle of 1.0 °.
- FIG. 6 to 9 are tables showing the grain sizes of AlN crystals measured from the AFM image of the surface of the AlN layer grown to a thickness of 20 nm in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a table showing the grain size of the AlN crystal measured from the AFM image of the 20 nm thick AlN layer grown on the main surface of the sapphire substrate having an off angle of 0.2 °.
- FIG. 7 is a table showing the grain size of the AlN crystal measured from the AFM image of the 20 nm thick AlN layer grown on the main surface of the sapphire substrate having an off angle of 0.5 °.
- FIG. 6 is a table showing the grain size of the AlN crystal measured from the AFM image of the 20 nm thick AlN layer grown on the main surface of the sapphire substrate having an off angle of 0.5 °.
- FIG. 8 is a table showing the grain size of the AlN crystal measured from the AFM image of the 20 nm thick AlN layer grown on the main surface of the sapphire substrate having an off angle of 1.0 °.
- FIG. 9 shows the result of measurement of the AlN crystal grain size shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 together with the RMS (Root ⁇ MeanNSquare) value of the AlN crystal grain size and AlN layer surface roughness measured by the AFM apparatus. It is the table shown.
- the measurement results shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 show that the measurement region of the AFM image having a size of 500 nm ⁇ 500 nm is divided into 25 small regions of 100 nm ⁇ 100 nm, and the AlN crystal contained in each small region is divided. It is the result of measuring the particle size one by one.
- AlN crystals located on the boundaries of the small regions are allocated to small regions including more than half of the AlN crystals, the grain size cannot be measured for AlN crystals located on the boundaries of the measurement regions. Ignored.
- the AlN crystal in the AFM image is generally circular or elliptical (strictly speaking, it is considered to have a shape close to a hexagon, and some grains have sides (facets) visible.
- the average particle size and standard deviation of “individually measured values” are values when AlN crystals in an AFM image are measured one by one as shown in FIGS.
- the average particle diameter, standard deviation and surface roughness RMS value of “instrument measurement values” were measured by an AFM apparatus (probe station: NanoNaviIIs, scanning probe microscope unit: NanoCute, software: NanoNaviStation ver5.6B). Value.
- This AFM apparatus regards one closed region that is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold height (for example, an intermediate value such as an average value or median) among the heights of the measurement points in the measurement region as one particle.
- each of the number of particles and the total area of the particles is detected, and the diameter of a circle having an average particle area obtained by dividing the total particle area by the number of particles is calculated as the average particle diameter. Furthermore, this AFM apparatus calculates the standard deviation of the particle area.
- the value obtained by converting the standard deviation of the particle area into the standard deviation of the diameter of the circle is the standard deviation of the particle diameter of the “apparatus measurement value” in FIG.
- the RMS value of the surface roughness is a value of Rq calculated by the following formula (1).
- Z (i) is the height of each measurement point in the measurement region
- n is the number of measurement points in the measurement region
- Ze is the average height of each measurement point in the measurement region. Value.
- the grain size of approximately 20 nm or more and 100 nm or less in any sample with the off-angle of the sapphire substrate 1 of 0.2 °, 0.5 °, and 1.0 °.
- the AlN crystal is densely packed.
- the average particle diameter of AlN crystals obtained by measuring one AlN crystal in the AFM image and the average particle diameter of AlN crystals measured by the AFM apparatus are about the same size. It can be said that the average particle diameter of the AlN crystal measured by any method is also an appropriate value.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 show an AFM image of an AlN layer grown to a thickness of 300 nm and an RMS value of the particle size and surface roughness measured by the AFM apparatus in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 shows an AFM image of a 300 nm thick AlN layer grown on the main surface of a sapphire substrate with an off angle of 0.2 °, the grain size of the AlN crystal measured by the AFM apparatus, and the surface roughness of the AlN layer. It is the table
- FIG. 11 shows an AFM image of a 300 nm thick AlN layer grown on the main surface of a sapphire substrate with an off angle of 1.0 °, the grain size of the AlN crystal measured by the AFM apparatus, and the surface roughness of the AlN layer. It is the table
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a comparison between an AlN layer in a template according to an embodiment of the present invention and an AlN layer in a conventional template described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 12A is an AFM image of the AlN layer in the conventional template described in Patent Literature 1 and Non-Patent Literature 1.
- FIG. 12B shows an AFM image of the AlN layer in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention (a diagram in which a plurality of AFM images in FIG.
- the AFM image of the AlN layer in the conventional template described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 shown in FIG. 12A is an AlN nucleation layer (the main surface of the sapphire substrate) formed on the main surface of the sapphire substrate.
- 2 is an AFM image of an initial stage layer in an AlN layer having a thickness of 300 nm that is formed first, and corresponds to the state (thickness 20 nm) of FIGS. 3 to 5 of the template according to the embodiment of the present application.
- some AlN crystals are coalesced to a size of several ⁇ m, and it is difficult to measure the particle size before coalescence. Even a small AlN crystal has an average particle size of about 1000 nm.
- the average particle diameter of the AlN crystal in the AlN layer of the template according to the embodiment of the present invention is the template described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1. This is significantly smaller than the average grain size of AlN crystals in the AlN layer.
- the average particle diameter of the AlN crystal at the growth start stage of the AlN layer is about 1000 nm. Furthermore, in the templates described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1, when the thickness of the AlN layer reaches 300 nm, a plurality of existing AlN crystals are completely combined into a film shape, and the individual crystals are observed. It becomes impossible.
- the average grain size of the AlN crystal at the growth start stage (thickness 20 nm) of the AlN layer is only about 50 nm. Furthermore, in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention, even when the thickness of the AlN layer becomes 300 nm, it can be sufficiently observed as individual crystals, and the average grain size is only about 200 nm.
- the RMS value of the surface roughness at the growth start stage of the AlN layer is 21.4 nm, and the surface roughness at the stage when the thickness of the AlN layer becomes 300 nm.
- the RMS value is estimated to be a value between 21.4 nm and 8.2 nm (see FIG. 4B of Patent Document 1).
- the RMS value of the surface roughness at the growth start stage (thickness 20 nm) of the AlN layer is about 3 nm, and the surface roughness at the stage when the thickness of the AlN layer is 300 nm.
- the RMS value is about 5 nm. Therefore, the RMS value of the surface roughness in the AlN layer of the template according to the embodiment of the present invention is significantly smaller than the RMS value of the surface roughness in the AlN layer of the template described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1.
- a fine initial AlN crystal is grown in a large amount and at a high density, so that the RMS value of the surface roughness at the growth start stage of the AlN layer becomes relatively small. Then, since individual AlN crystals coalesce or become coarse after that, the RMS value of the surface roughness of the AlN layer at this stage (the stage where the thickness of the AlN layer becomes 300 nm) is the growth start stage. The same as or more than the RMS value of the surface roughness of the AlN layer.
- the templates described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 and Non-Patent Document 1 and the template according to the embodiment of the present invention are fundamentally different in the growth mode of the AlN crystal at the growth start stage of the AlN layer.
- the difference is expressed in the RMS value of the average grain size of the AlN crystal and the surface roughness of the AlN layer.
- an AlN layer is further grown (thickness is made larger than 300 nm, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more, preferably 2 ⁇ m or more), individual AlN crystals are formed.
- the films are gradually merged, and finally a film-like AlN layer is obtained.
- FIG. 13 is a table showing measurement results by XRC (X-ray Rocking Curve) method for the (0002) plane of the AlN layer in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- 13A is a table showing the measurement result of the ⁇ scan
- FIG. 13B is a table showing the measurement result of the 2 ⁇ - ⁇ scan, and the numerical values described in each table correspond to the (0002) plane. It is the average value of the full width at half maximum (FWHM: FullHWidth at Half Maximum). Further, in the ⁇ scan measurement shown in FIG.
- the full width at half maximum of the (0002) plane when the thickness of the AlN layer is 20 nm is It is about 1000 arcsec.
- the full width at half maximum of the (0002) plane when the thickness of the AlN layer is 300 nm is about 100 arcsec.
- the full width at half maximum of the (0002) plane in the AlN layer grown on the (0001) plane of the sapphire substrate by about several ⁇ m without particularly limiting the grain size of the AlN crystal is about 2000 arcsec.
- Non-Patent Document 1 a few AlN crystal nuclei are formed at the stage of starting the growth of the AlN layer, a film-like AlN layer that embeds the AlN crystal nuclei is grown, and further, during the growth of the AlN layer. It is reported that the full width at half maximum of the (0002) plane in the AlN layer grown to a thickness of 4.8 ⁇ m has been improved to about 200 arcsec by promoting the lateral growth.
- the full width at half maximum of the (0002) plane at the growth start stage (thickness 20 nm) of the AlN layer is already as small as about 1000 arcsec, and the thickness reaches 300 nm.
- the full width at half maximum of the (0002) plane in the grown AlN layer is further reduced to about 100 arcsec. That is, in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention, the AlN layer must be grown to a thickness of 4.8 ⁇ m in the templates described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 only by growing the AlN layer by about 300 nm. A crystallinity equal to or higher than that which could not be achieved can be realized.
- WHEREIN The further improvement of crystallinity is anticipated by growing an AlN layer thicker.
- the average particle diameter of the AlN crystal epitaxially grown on the main surface of the sapphire substrate is described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 (Furthermore, Patent Document 2 in which an AlN layer is formed by the same method).
- the crystallinity of the AlN layer epitaxially grown on the main surface of the sapphire substrate can be dramatically improved by making it sufficiently smaller than the average grain size of the AlN crystal in the AlN layer of the template.
- the average particle diameter of AlN crystal in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 6 to 12 and the range and the deviation of the variation of the particle diameter, the template according to the embodiment of the present invention, and Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document In consideration of the deviation of the grain size of the AlN crystal in each of the templates described in No. 1, the above effect can be obtained by setting the average grain size of the AlN crystal at the growth start stage (thickness 20 nm) of the AlN layer to 100 nm or less. It is thought that it is obtained. In particular, in FIGS.
- the average particle size of AlN crystal is preferably 75 nm or less, and the average particle size is 70 nm or less. More preferably.
- the average particle size is preferably 20 nm or more.
- the average value of the minimum value of AlN crystals is about 28 nm, so the average particle size of AlN crystals is 28 nm or more. More preferably.
- the average grain size of the AlN crystal in the AlN layer having a thickness of 300 nm to 300 nm or less, and it is more preferable to set the average grain size to 250 nm or less. Further, it is preferable that the average particle diameter is 150 nm or more.
- the RMS value of the surface roughness of the AlN layer in the growth start stage (thickness 20 nm) of the AlN layer is set to 5 nm or less. An effect is considered to be obtained, and it is more preferable that the RMS value is 4 nm or less. Further, it is preferable that the RMS value is 2 nm or more.
- the above effect can be obtained by setting the RMS value of the surface roughness of the AlN layer having a thickness of 300 nm to 10 nm or less, and it is more preferable to set the RMS value to 6 nm or less. Further, it is preferable that the RMS value is 4 nm or more.
- AlN which is a wurtzite structure
- the C-axis direction ([000-1] direction) is not equivalent, and the + C plane ((0001) plane: Al polar plane) and the ⁇ C plane ((000-1) plane: N polar plane) are not equivalent.
- an AlN crystal is epitaxially grown on the (0001) plane of the sapphire substrate, an AlN crystal growing in the + C axis direction and an AlN crystal growing in the ⁇ C axis direction can coexist.
- the AlN crystal constituting the AlN layer is oriented in the + C axis toward the upper side of the substrate (the main growth direction of the AlN crystal is the + C axis direction, or the entire surface of the AlN layer or most of the surface (for example, 80% or more) (Preferably 90% or more) to the + C plane) is preferable because the crystallinity of the AlN layer can be further improved.
- the method employed in Applied Physics Express 4 (2011) 092102 can be cited.
- an Al source gas eg, TMA: TriMethylAluminium
- an N source gas eg, ammonia
- At least 50% of the surface of the AlN layer grown from the main surface of the sapphire substrate to a thickness of 20 nm is formed. It is a + C plane, and at least 80% or more of the surface of the AlN layer grown to a thickness of 300 nm is a + C plane (+ C axis orientation).
- the template whose off angles of the sapphire substrate are 0.2 °, 0.5 °, and 2.0 ° has been described.
- the off-angle of the sapphire substrate is arbitrary. However, it is preferable to set the off angle to 0.2 ° or more because an AlN crystal of the same degree as in the above-described embodiment can be easily obtained.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 and Non-Patent Document 1 after an AlN crystal nucleus is formed on the main surface of the sapphire substrate (first stage in FIG. 14), an AlN crystal is formed. An AlN layer is formed so as to fill between the nuclei (second stage in FIG. 14). At this time, since the AlN crystal nuclei are only scattered on the main surface of the sapphire substrate as shown in the first stage of FIG. 14, the main surface of the sapphire substrate is sufficiently covered at this stage. It is not a “layer”.
- paragraph [0060] of the specification of Patent Document 2 states that “AlN crystal nuclei having a diameter of 20 to 50 nm and a height of 20 to 40 nm are formed at a density of about 200 / ⁇ m 2 ”.
- the coverage of the AlN crystal nuclei is such that all of the 200 AlN crystal nuclei are within a region of 1 ⁇ m 2 without missing, and all the AlN crystal nuclei have a circular shape in plan view with a diameter of 50 nm.
- the total area occupied by AlN crystal nuclei is less than 0.4 ⁇ m 2 and the coverage is only less than 40%. Therefore, in the state in which only AlN crystal nuclei are formed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 and Non-Patent Document 1, a “layer” is clearly not formed.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 and Non-Patent Document 1 as shown in the second stage of FIG. 14, the main surface of the sapphire substrate is sufficiently formed when a film-like AlN crystal that fills the space between AlN crystal nuclei is formed. A covering “layer” is formed. Then, when the second stage of FIG. 14 is reached, a film-like AlN crystal having an extremely large average particle diameter fused with the AlN crystal nucleus is formed as shown in FIG. 12, and thus the AlN crystal constituting the AlN layer is formed.
- the average particle size is as large as about 1000 nm.
- paragraph [0071] of the specification of Patent Document 2 confirms that “the AlN crystal nuclei 2a are bonded together and the AlN layer on the one surface side of the single crystal substrate 1 is flattened to some extent.
- the density of the exposed AlN crystal nuclei 2a decreased to about 100 / ⁇ m 2
- the diameter of the AlN crystal nuclei 2a increased to about 50 to 100 nm.
- the thickness of the film-like AlN crystal is increased and part of the AlN crystal nuclei are filled with the film-like AlN crystal, and the top of the remaining AlN crystal nuclei is exposed. It means that it is in a state. In this state, as shown in FIG. 12, there is a film-like AlN crystal having a large average particle size fused with the AlN crystal nucleus, so the average particle size of the AlN crystal constituting the AlN layer is about 1000 nm. And become very large.
- the fine AlN crystal constituting the AlN layer is already formed and the sapphire substrate is already formed.
- a “layer” that sufficiently covers the main surface is formed. This will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 15 is a table showing the height difference in the measurement region of the 300 nm thick AlN layer in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a table showing the height difference in the measurement region and the cumulative frequency of 90% of the 20 nm thick AlN layer in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the height difference in the measurement region is a difference between the highest peak height in the measurement region and the lowest valley height in the measurement region in the measurement by the above-described AFM apparatus.
- the cumulative frequency of 90% is the height when the cumulative total reaches 90% when the height in the measurement region is counted in order from the highest.
- the height difference in the measurement region of the AlN layer having a thickness of 300 nm is a value obtained from the two measurement regions described in the respective tables of FIGS.
- the height difference in the measurement region and the height of the cumulative frequency of 90% of the 20 nm thick AlN layer are the two of the three measurement regions described in the respective tables of FIGS. It is the value obtained from the measurement area.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of a height profile and a height histogram of an AlN layer having a thickness of 20 nm in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a first measurement in the table shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed the detail of the area
- the height difference in the measurement region of the AlN layer having a thickness of 300 nm is about 40 nm, which is sufficiently smaller than the thickness of the AlN layer.
- a sufficiently thick AlN crystal exists also in the deepest valley in the measurement region. Therefore, in the 300 nm thick AlN layer, the entire main surface of the sapphire substrate is covered with AlN crystal, and the coverage of the main surface of the sapphire substrate with AlN crystal is 100%.
- the height difference in the measurement region of the 20 nm thick AlN layer is about 20 nm, which is about the same as the thickness of the AlN layer. Therefore, there is a possibility that the AlN crystal does not exist in the deepest valley in the measurement region.
- the height of 90% cumulative frequency of the 20 nm thick AlN layer is about 5 nm.
- the coverage of the main surface of the sapphire substrate with the AlN crystal at the time of forming the 20 nm thick AlN layer is 90% or more, and the main surface of the sapphire substrate is sufficiently covered It can be said that it has become a “layer”.
- the valley bottom is not flat in the height profile of FIG.
- the cumulative frequency of 90% is as high as 5.30 nm, and the cumulative frequency up to 1 nm (or 2 nm) is very close to 100%. ing.
- this tendency is not limited to the measurement region shown in FIG. 17 (the first measurement region in the table shown in FIG. 16), but also other measurement regions in the table shown in FIG. 16 (the table shown in FIG. 16). This is also applicable to the 2nd to 6th measurement areas). Therefore, in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention, it can be said that the AlN crystal sufficiently covers the main surface of the sapphire substrate even if the AlN crystal does not exist in the deepest valley in the measurement region.
- the AlN crystal is a “layer” that sufficiently covers the main surface of the sapphire substrate, and the AFM images shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 and FIG. As is clear from the height profile shown in FIG. 5), adjacent AlN crystals have already collided at this point. Therefore, in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention, even if the AlN crystal grows from the state shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 (the state where the AlN layer is grown by a thickness of 20 nm), the thickness from the main surface of the sapphire substrate is increased. The average particle diameter of the AlN crystal at 20 nm does not vary so much. Therefore, in the template according to the embodiment of the present invention, the average particle diameter of the AlN crystal at a thickness of 20 nm from the main surface of the sapphire substrate is 100 nm or less (further 75 nm or less).
- the present invention can be used for a template including a sapphire substrate, a manufacturing method thereof, and a nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting element including the template.
- a template including a sapphire substrate, a manufacturing method thereof, and a nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting element including the template.
- it is suitable for use in a nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting element template having a peak emission wavelength in the ultraviolet region, a method for manufacturing the same, and the nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light emitting element.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Led Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
最初に、本発明の実施形態に係る窒化物半導体紫外線発光素子の構造の一例について、図面を参照して説明する。図1は、本発明の実施形態に係る窒化物半導体紫外線発光素子の構造の一例を模式的に示した要部断面図である。図2は、図1に示す窒化物半導体紫外線発光素子を図1の上側から見た場合の構造の一例を模式的に示した平面図である。なお、図1では、図示の都合上、基板、AlGaN系半導体層及び電極の厚さ(図中の上下方向の長さ)を模式的に示しているため、必ずしも実際の寸法比とは一致しない。また、以下の説明において、p型及びn型の両方を記載していないAlGaN系半導体はアンドープであるが、アンドープであっても不可避的に混入する程度の微量の不純物は含まれ得る。
次に、上述したテンプレート10について説明する。なお、本発明の実施形態に係るテンプレート10は、サファイア基板11の主面に対して形成されるAlN層12に特徴があり、サファイア基板11は、AlN層12がエピタキシャル成長可能(特にC軸方向に成長可能)なものであれば、任意のものを使用することが可能である。
ここでは、特許文献1、2及び非特許文献1においてAlN層の成長前に形成されるAlN結晶核と、本発明の実施形態においてAlN層を構成する微細なAlN結晶との違いについて説明する。
10 テンプレート
11 サファイア基板
12 AlN層
20 素子構造部
21 n型クラッド層
22 活性層
23 電子ブロック層
24 p型コンタクト層
25 p電極
26 n電極
Claims (15)
- (0001)面または(0001)面に対して所定の角度だけ傾斜した面を主面とするサファイア基板と、
前記サファイア基板の前記主面に直接形成される、当該主面に対してエピタキシャルな結晶方位関係を有するAlN結晶で構成されたAlN層と、を備え、
前記AlN層の前記主面から20nmの厚さにおける前記AlN結晶の平均粒径が100nm以下であることを特徴とするテンプレート。 - 前記AlN層の前記主面から20nmの厚さにおける前記AlN結晶の平均粒径が、75nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のテンプレート。
- 前記AlN層の前記主面から20nmの厚さにおける前記AlN結晶の平均粒径が、70nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のテンプレート。
- 前記AlN層の前記主面から300nmの厚さにおける前記AlN結晶の平均粒径が、300nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のテンプレート。
- 前記サファイア基板の前記主面が、(0001)面に対して0.2°以上傾斜した面であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のテンプレート。
- 前記AlN層の前記主面から300nmの厚さにおける前記AlN結晶は、前記サファイア基板の上方に向かって+C軸配向していることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のテンプレート。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のテンプレートと、
前記テンプレート上に積層された複数のAlGaN系半導体層を含む素子構造部と、
を備えることを特徴とする窒化物半導体紫外線発光素子。 - (0001)面または(0001)面に対して所定の角度だけ傾斜した面を主面とするサファイア基板の前記主面にAlN結晶を直接エピタキシャル成長させてAlN層を形成する工程を備え、
前記工程において、前記主面から20nmの厚さまでエピタキシャル成長させた前記AlN層の表面における前記AlN結晶の平均粒径が100nm以下になる成長条件で、前記AlN結晶をエピタキシャル成長させることを特徴とするテンプレートの製造方法。 - (0001)面または(0001)面に対して所定の角度だけ傾斜した面を主面とするサファイア基板の前記主面にAlN結晶を直接エピタキシャル成長させてAlN層を形成する工程を備え、
前記工程において、前記主面の90%以上を被覆する前記AlN層を20nmの厚さまでエピタキシャル成長させた時に、前記AlN層の表面における前記AlN結晶の平均粒径が100nm以下になる成長条件で、前記AlN結晶をエピタキシャル成長させることを特徴とするテンプレートの製造方法。 - 前記工程において、前記主面から300nmの厚さまでエピタキシャル成長させた前記AlN層の表面における前記AlN結晶の平均粒径が300nm以下になる成長条件で、前記AlN層をエピタキシャル成長させることを特徴とする請求項8または9に記載のテンプレートの製造方法。
- 前記工程において、前記主面から20nmの厚さまでエピタキシャル成長させた前記AlN層の表面粗さのRMS値が、前記主面から300nmの厚さまでエピタキシャル成長させた前記AlN層の表面粗さのRMS値以下になる成長条件で、前記AlN層をエピタキシャル成長させることを特徴とする請求項8~10のいずれか1項に記載のテンプレートの製造方法。
- 前記工程において、前記主面から20nmの厚さまでエピタキシャル成長させた前記AlN層の表面粗さのRMS値が5nm以下になる成長条件で、前記AlN層をエピタキシャル成長させることを特徴とする請求項8~11のいずれか1項に記載のテンプレートの製造方法。
- 前記工程において、前記主面から300nmの厚さまでエピタキシャル成長させた前記AlN層の表面粗さのRMS値が10nm以下になる成長条件で、前記AlN層をエピタキシャル成長させることを特徴とする請求項8~12のいずれか1項に記載のテンプレートの製造方法。
- 前記工程において、前記主面から300nmの厚さまでエピタキシャル成長させた前記AlN層の表面における前記AlN結晶が+C軸配向する成長条件で、前記AlN層をエピタキシャル成長させることを特徴とする請求項8~13のいずれか1項に記載のテンプレートの製造方法。
- 前記工程において、前記AlN層の成長温度を1150℃以上1300℃以下にすることを特徴とする請求項8~14のいずれか1項に記載のテンプレートの製造方法。
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US16/066,414 US11049999B2 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-29 | Template, nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light-emitting element, and method of manufacturing template |
EP17872879.6A EP3432369A4 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-29 | MODEL, ULTRAVIOLET SEMICONDUCTOR LIGHT EMITTING ELEMENT, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE MODEL |
KR1020187019169A KR102054094B1 (ko) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-29 | 템플릿, 질화물 반도체 자외선 발광 소자 및 템플릿의 제조 방법 |
JP2018502026A JP6483913B1 (ja) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-29 | テンプレートの製造方法 |
RU2018119215A RU2702948C1 (ru) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-29 | Основание, нитридный полупроводниковый излучающий ультрафиолетовое излучение элемент и способ производства основания |
CN201780005631.4A CN109314159B (zh) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-29 | 模板、氮化物半导体紫外线发光元件和模板的制造方法 |
TW107107259A TWI703742B (zh) | 2017-05-26 | 2018-03-05 | 模板、氮化物半導體紫外線發光元件及模板之製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017019657 | 2017-05-26 | ||
JPPCT/JP2017/019657 | 2017-05-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2018216240A1 true WO2018216240A1 (ja) | 2018-11-29 |
Family
ID=64395529
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2017/035559 WO2018216240A1 (ja) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-29 | テンプレート、窒化物半導体紫外線発光素子及びテンプレートの製造方法 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11049999B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3432369A4 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP6483913B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102054094B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN109314159B (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2702948C1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI703742B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2018216240A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2021166308A (ja) * | 2019-04-16 | 2021-10-14 | 日機装株式会社 | 窒化物半導体発光素子の製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11049999B2 (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2021-06-29 | Soko Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Template, nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light-emitting element, and method of manufacturing template |
US11152543B2 (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2021-10-19 | Soko Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Nitride semiconductor light-emitting element |
EP3754732B1 (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2023-04-12 | Soko Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light-emitting element |
US11552217B2 (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2023-01-10 | Epistar Corporation | Semiconductor device |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006287120A (ja) * | 2005-04-04 | 2006-10-19 | Canon Inc | 発光素子及びその製造方法 |
JP2009054780A (ja) | 2007-08-27 | 2009-03-12 | Institute Of Physical & Chemical Research | 光半導体素子及びその製造方法 |
JP2010064911A (ja) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-25 | Tokuyama Corp | 突出部を有する構造体およびその製造方法 |
WO2011077541A1 (ja) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-30 | 創光科学株式会社 | エピタキシャル成長用テンプレート及びその作製方法 |
US20120291698A1 (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-22 | Yuriy Melnik | Methods for improved growth of group iii nitride semiconductor compounds |
WO2013005789A1 (ja) | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-10 | パナソニック株式会社 | 窒化物半導体発光素子の製造方法、ウェハ、窒化物半導体発光素子 |
WO2013021464A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | 創光科学株式会社 | 窒化物半導体紫外線発光素子 |
JP2013211442A (ja) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-10 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | 窒化物半導体エピタキシャルウェハの製造方法 |
JP2016064928A (ja) * | 2014-09-22 | 2016-04-28 | Dowaエレクトロニクス株式会社 | AlNテンプレート基板およびその製造方法 |
JP2017154964A (ja) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-09-07 | 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所 | 結晶基板、紫外発光素子およびそれらの製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11340147A (ja) * | 1998-05-25 | 1999-12-10 | Matsushita Electron Corp | 窒化物半導体ウエハーの製造方法および窒化物半導体素子の製造方法 |
JP4451222B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-08 | 2010-04-14 | 日本碍子株式会社 | エピタキシャル基板、半導体積層構造、およびエピタキシャル基板の製造方法 |
JP4578282B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-11 | 2010-11-10 | 国立大学法人東京農工大学 | アルミニウム系iii族窒化物結晶の製造方法 |
UA97969C2 (ru) * | 2006-12-28 | 2012-04-10 | Сейнт-Гобейн Серамикс Энд Пластикс, Инк. | Сапфирная основа (варианты) |
TWI350784B (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2011-10-21 | Saint Gobain Ceramics | Sapphire substrates and methods of making same |
JP5095253B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2012-12-12 | 富士通株式会社 | 半導体エピタキシャル基板、化合物半導体装置、およびそれらの製造方法 |
JP2009283785A (ja) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-12-03 | Showa Denko Kk | Iii族窒化物半導体積層構造体およびその製造方法 |
JP5399021B2 (ja) * | 2008-08-28 | 2014-01-29 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 高周波用半導体素子形成用のエピタキシャル基板および高周波用半導体素子形成用エピタキシャル基板の作製方法 |
JP2011023677A (ja) * | 2009-07-21 | 2011-02-03 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | 化合物半導体エピタキシャルウェハおよびその製造方法 |
RU2009137422A (ru) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "УФ Нанодиод" (RU) | Комбинированная подложка для светодиодов |
JP2011254068A (ja) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-12-15 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 半導体基板 |
US8778783B2 (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2014-07-15 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Methods for improved growth of group III nitride buffer layers |
JP5791399B2 (ja) * | 2011-07-07 | 2015-10-07 | 学校法人立命館 | AlN層の製造方法 |
CA2884169C (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2020-08-11 | Tokuyama Corporation | Aluminum nitride substrate and group-iii nitride laminate |
JP6704386B2 (ja) | 2015-02-27 | 2020-06-03 | 住友化学株式会社 | 窒化物半導体テンプレート及びその製造方法、並びにエピタキシャルウエハ |
US10340416B2 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2019-07-02 | Riken | Crystal substrate, ultraviolet light-emitting device, and manufacturing methods therefor |
US11049999B2 (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2021-06-29 | Soko Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Template, nitride semiconductor ultraviolet light-emitting element, and method of manufacturing template |
US10407798B2 (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2019-09-10 | Crystal Is, Inc. | Two-stage seeded growth of large aluminum nitride single crystals |
-
2017
- 2017-09-29 US US16/066,414 patent/US11049999B2/en active Active
- 2017-09-29 CN CN201780005631.4A patent/CN109314159B/zh active Active
- 2017-09-29 EP EP17872879.6A patent/EP3432369A4/en not_active Ceased
- 2017-09-29 RU RU2018119215A patent/RU2702948C1/ru active
- 2017-09-29 JP JP2018502026A patent/JP6483913B1/ja active Active
- 2017-09-29 KR KR1020187019169A patent/KR102054094B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-09-29 WO PCT/JP2017/035559 patent/WO2018216240A1/ja active Application Filing
-
2018
- 2018-02-01 JP JP2018016582A patent/JP2018201008A/ja active Pending
- 2018-03-05 TW TW107107259A patent/TWI703742B/zh active
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006287120A (ja) * | 2005-04-04 | 2006-10-19 | Canon Inc | 発光素子及びその製造方法 |
JP2009054780A (ja) | 2007-08-27 | 2009-03-12 | Institute Of Physical & Chemical Research | 光半導体素子及びその製造方法 |
JP2010064911A (ja) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-25 | Tokuyama Corp | 突出部を有する構造体およびその製造方法 |
WO2011077541A1 (ja) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-30 | 創光科学株式会社 | エピタキシャル成長用テンプレート及びその作製方法 |
US20120291698A1 (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-22 | Yuriy Melnik | Methods for improved growth of group iii nitride semiconductor compounds |
WO2013005789A1 (ja) | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-10 | パナソニック株式会社 | 窒化物半導体発光素子の製造方法、ウェハ、窒化物半導体発光素子 |
WO2013021464A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | 創光科学株式会社 | 窒化物半導体紫外線発光素子 |
JP2013211442A (ja) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-10 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | 窒化物半導体エピタキシャルウェハの製造方法 |
JP2016064928A (ja) * | 2014-09-22 | 2016-04-28 | Dowaエレクトロニクス株式会社 | AlNテンプレート基板およびその製造方法 |
JP2017154964A (ja) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-09-07 | 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所 | 結晶基板、紫外発光素子およびそれらの製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI, vol. A206, no. 6, 2009, pages 1176 - 1182 |
See also references of EP3432369A4 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2021166308A (ja) * | 2019-04-16 | 2021-10-14 | 日機装株式会社 | 窒化物半導体発光素子の製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2702948C1 (ru) | 2019-10-14 |
JPWO2018216240A1 (ja) | 2019-06-27 |
US11049999B2 (en) | 2021-06-29 |
TWI703742B (zh) | 2020-09-01 |
KR102054094B1 (ko) | 2019-12-09 |
JP2018201008A (ja) | 2018-12-20 |
CN109314159A (zh) | 2019-02-05 |
CN109314159B (zh) | 2022-03-22 |
US20200373463A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 |
TW201907584A (zh) | 2019-02-16 |
JP6483913B1 (ja) | 2019-03-13 |
EP3432369A4 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
EP3432369A1 (en) | 2019-01-23 |
KR20190087970A (ko) | 2019-07-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6483913B1 (ja) | テンプレートの製造方法 | |
US20170069793A1 (en) | Ultraviolet light-emitting device and production method therefor | |
CN103733449B (zh) | 氮化物半导体紫外线发光元件 | |
JP5635013B2 (ja) | エピタキシャル成長用テンプレート及びその作製方法 | |
JP6194138B2 (ja) | 窒化物半導体紫外線発光素子 | |
WO2010082267A1 (ja) | エピタキシャル成長用内部改質基板及びそれを用いて作製される結晶成膜体、デバイス、バルク基板及びそれらの製造方法 | |
KR20070046161A (ko) | 발광소자 및 그 제조방법 | |
JP6375890B2 (ja) | 窒化物半導体素子及びその製造方法 | |
US9324913B2 (en) | Nitride semiconductor structure, multilayer structure, and nitride semiconductor light-emitting element | |
JP2009018983A (ja) | GaN基板、エピタキシャル層付き基板、半導体装置、およびGaN基板の製造方法 | |
WO2017134708A1 (ja) | エピタキシャル基板 | |
JP6925141B2 (ja) | 半導体基板、半導体発光素子および灯具 | |
JP4936653B2 (ja) | サファイア基板とそれを用いた発光装置 | |
US9315920B2 (en) | Growth substrate and light emitting device comprising the same | |
TWI828945B (zh) | 氮化物半導體紫外線發光元件 | |
US20220262977A1 (en) | Light-emitting diode and manufacturing method | |
WO2019235459A1 (ja) | 半導体成長用基板、半導体素子、半導体発光素子および半導体素子製造方法 | |
JP5549158B2 (ja) | GaN単結晶基板およびその製造方法、ならびにGaN系半導体デバイスおよびその製造方法 | |
US20210013373A1 (en) | Strain-relaxed InGaN-alloy template | |
JP2017139253A (ja) | エピタキシャル基板の製造方法 | |
WO2019039240A1 (ja) | 半導体成長用基板、半導体素子、半導体発光素子、および半導体素子の製造方法 | |
JP2017224841A (ja) | 窒化物半導体紫外線発光素子 | |
JP2014001137A (ja) | GaN単結晶基板およびその製造方法、ならびにGaN系半導体デバイスおよびその製造方法 | |
Yang et al. | Growth of Gallium Nitride Nanorods and Their Coalescence Overgrowth | |
KR20160149837A (ko) | 발광 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2018502026 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2018119215 Country of ref document: RU |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20187019169 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020187019169 Country of ref document: KR |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 17872879 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |