WO2018214187A1 - 一种与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的snp标记、扩增引物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的snp标记、扩增引物及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2018214187A1
WO2018214187A1 PCT/CN2017/088329 CN2017088329W WO2018214187A1 WO 2018214187 A1 WO2018214187 A1 WO 2018214187A1 CN 2017088329 W CN2017088329 W CN 2017088329W WO 2018214187 A1 WO2018214187 A1 WO 2018214187A1
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low
snp
salt
vannamei
salt tolerance
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任春华
江晓
陈廷
黄文�
胡超群
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中国科学院南海海洋研究所
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  • the invention relates to the technical field of water production, in particular to a SNP marker, an amplification primer and an application thereof related to low salt tolerance of L. vannamei.
  • Litopenaeus vannamei is the world's largest producer of cultured prawns. In recent years, freshwater aquaculture of P. vannamei has developed rapidly, and the demand for low-salt varieties of P. vannamei has gradually increased. Therefore, many scientific research institutions and shrimp companies have begun to carry out the breeding of low-salt varieties of Penaeus vannamei.
  • Single Nucleotide Polymorphism is a SNP that refers to DNA sequence polymorphism caused by genomic single nucleotide variation (including base conversion, transversion, single base insertion or deletion, etc.). Sex is the latest third-generation DNA molecular marker. It is widely used in molecular marker-assisted breeding because of its large number, wide distribution, genetic stability, accurate and simple measurement, hidden polymorphism that can not be detected by other technologies, and many advantages related to gene function.
  • the Na, K-ATPase gene is an important osmotic regulation gene in crustaceans. Studies have shown that the Na, K-ATPase gene is a functional gene related to the salinity resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei. Therefore, the present invention aims to develop a SNP marker related to low salt tolerance traits of Litopenaeus vannamei for the Na, K-ATPase alpha subunit of Litopenaeus vannamei, in order to assist in the selective breeding of low salt tolerance varieties of Litopenaeus vannamei, thereby accelerating Breeding process of low-salt varieties of Penaeus vannamei.
  • the present invention detects the genomic DNA of the low-salt and low-tolerant low-salt P. vannamei as a template, and detects the template in the Na, K-ATPase ⁇ subunit by PCR amplification and sequencing.
  • the genotype of each SNP locus contained in the genomic sequence was determined by association analysis method to identify low salt-tolerant SNP markers, and SNP site amplification primers were provided to establish molecular marker-assisted selection of low salt tolerance varieties of Litopenaeus vannamei
  • the technical system of breeding lays the foundation for the rapid selection of low-salt varieties of Penaeus vannamei.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a SNP marker associated with a low salt tolerance trait of S. vannamei, the SNP marker located at base 379 from the 5' end of the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO.
  • the base is C or T.
  • the sequence of SEQ ID NO. 2 at Y at 379 bp represents C or T, and the italicized portion represents an intron sequence.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a SNP-tagged amplification primer associated with low salt tolerance of L. vannamei, including the following primers:
  • Lv-R 5'-GAGAAACCACCGAAGAGG-3'.
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned SNP marker associated with low salt tolerance of L. vannamei in molecular marker-assisted breeding of Penaeus vannamei.
  • a fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for breeding a low salt-tolerant species of Penaeus vannamei, comprising the following steps:
  • the PCR amplification method preferably has a reaction system of 25 ⁇ L, including: 0.5 ⁇ L of 10 ⁇ PCR buffer without Mg 2+ , 2.0 ⁇ L of 25 mM MgCl 2 , 0.5 ⁇ L of 10 mM dNTP, and 5 ⁇ / ⁇ L.
  • HS DNA Polymerase 0.2 ⁇ L, 10 ⁇ M forward primer 0.5 ⁇ L, 10 ⁇ M reverse primer 0.5 ⁇ L, DNA template 12.5 ng, and the rest was supplemented with sterile water to 25 ⁇ L.
  • the reaction procedure is preferably: pre-denaturation at 95 ° C for 3 minutes; denaturation at 95 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing at 55 ° C for 30 seconds, extension at 72 ° C for 1 minute for 35 cycles, and extension at 72 ° C for 10 minutes.
  • the present invention designs primers based on the mRNA sequence of the Na, K-ATPase ⁇ subunit of the Penaeus vannamei obtained from NCBI (GenBank: KF765670.1), respectively, and the genome of the shrimp with low salt tolerance and low salt tolerance
  • NCBI GenBank: KF765670.1
  • the DNA was used as a template for PCR amplification, and a PCR product of 533 bp in length was obtained. It contains one intron of 353 bp in length.
  • the sequencing results were compared and analyzed. A total of 11 SNP loci were detected in the sequence. By correlating the genotypes of these templates at each SNP locus, a SNP marker related to low salt tolerance was identified. .
  • the invention establishes a technical system for molecular marker-assisted breeding of low salt tolerance varieties of L. vannamei, and lays a foundation for rapidly selecting and breeding low-salt varieties of Penaeus vannamei.
  • Figure 1 is a genotype peak map of the Lv-HR08 locus.
  • Test shrimp number (bar) 426 Stress 1h deaths (articles) 0 Stress 2h deaths (articles) 186 Stress 4h deaths (articles) 137 Stress 7h deaths (articles) 31 Stress 10h deaths (articles) 19 Stress 10h survival number (bar) 53
  • the shrimp seedlings of P. vannamei which survived after 10 hours of stress, were used as low-salt-resistant samples, and shrimps that died after 2 hours of stress were used as low-salt samples.
  • Genomic DNA quantified using NanoDrop TM 2000 spectrophotometer completed, quality detected by agarose electrophoresis.
  • Primer design requirements are: primer length 18-22bp, GC content 40-60%, Tm value 50-62 ° C, the difference between the Tm values of the upstream and downstream primers is not more than 5, and try to avoid primer dimer, hairpin Structure and mismatch, etc.
  • the primer sequences are as follows:
  • Lv-R (647-630): 5'-GAGAAACCACCGAAGAGG-3'.
  • the number in parentheses represents the position of the nucleotide in the primer in the Na, K-ATPase alpha subunit mRNA sequence.
  • a random selection of the genomic DNA of P. vannamei extracted from step 2.1 was used as a template, and the DNA was amplified by PCR using the primer Lv-F/Lv-R designed in step 2.2.
  • the reaction system was 25 ⁇ L, including: 10 ⁇ PCR buffer. (without Mg 2+ ) 2.5 ⁇ L, MgCl 2 (25 mM) 2.0 ⁇ L, dNTP (10 mM) 0.5 ⁇ L, LA Taq enzyme (5 U/ ⁇ L) 0.2 ⁇ L, forward primer (10 ⁇ M) 0.5 ⁇ L, reverse primer (10 ⁇ M) 0.5 ⁇ L, DNA template (25 ng/ ⁇ L) 0.5 ⁇ L, and sterile water 18.3 ⁇ L.
  • the reaction procedure was: pre-denaturation at 95 ° C for 3 minutes; denaturation at 95 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing at 55 ° C for 30 seconds, extension at 72 ° C for 2 minutes for a total of 35 cycles; 72 ° C for another 10 minutes.
  • the PCR amplification product was detected by 1% agarose electrophoresis, which showed that the primer pair could stably amplify a single band.
  • the amplified product was cloned and sequenced. The result showed that the amplified product was 533 bp in length. In addition to the nucleotide sequence of interest, it also contained an intron sequence of 353 bp in length.
  • the nucleotide sequence of the sequence was SEQ ID NO. Shown as .1 (designated as SEQ IDPGLv-NK, the italicized portion of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1 represents an intron sequence).
  • the low-salt and low-tolerant low-salt prawn genomic DNA extracted in step 2.1 was used as a template, and PCR amplification was carried out using the primer Lv-F/Lv-R described in step 2.2.
  • the reaction system and reaction procedure are basically the same as described in step 2.3, except that the high-fidelity PCR enzyme is used in the PCR system for screening SNP sites.
  • HS DNA Polymerase replaced the LA Taq enzyme and the 72 ° C extension was reduced from 2 minutes to 1 minute.
  • the PCR amplification products were first detected by 2% agarose electrophoresis and then sequenced using a 3730XL sequencer.
  • the SNP marker is resistant to low salt labeling of the prawn, the italic part represents the intron sequence, and the SNP site is the bold mixed base Y, Y represents T or C) has three genotypes of CC, CT and TT (see Figure 1 for peak map), of which TT genotype is only detected in low salt-tolerant L. vannamei (Table 2), suggesting that TT genotype is low tolerance.
  • the salt-preferred genotype can be used as a low salt-tolerant molecular marker for Penaeus vannamei and is used for the auxiliary breeding of low-salt varieties of Penaeus vannamei.
  • the number in the second column indicates the position of the SNP locus in the SEQ IDPGLv-NK sequence.

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Abstract

公开了一种与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的SNP标记、扩增引物及其应用。以从NCBI中获得的凡纳滨对虾Na,K-ATPase α亚基的mRNA序列(GenBank:KF765670.1)为基础设计引物,分别以耐低盐和不耐低盐凡纳滨对虾的基因组DNA作为模板进行PCR扩增,分别获得长度为533bp的PCR产物。对测序结果进行比对分析,在该段序列中共检测到11个SNP位点,通过对这些模板在每个SNP位点的基因型的关联分析,确定了1个与耐低盐相关的SNP标记。

Description

一种与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的SNP标记、扩增引物及其应用 技术领域:
本发明涉及水产生物技术领域,具体涉及一种与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的SNP标记、扩增引物及其应用。
背景技术:
凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)是全世界产量最大的养殖对虾。近年来,凡纳滨对虾淡水养殖发展很快,养殖产业对凡纳滨对虾耐低盐优良品种的需求逐渐加大。因此,很多科研机构和对虾公司开始着手进行凡纳滨对虾耐低盐优良品种的选育工作。
在国际上,以分子标记为基础的分子标记辅助选育技术已成为当代水产育种的关键技术。单核苷酸多态性(Single Nucleotide Polymorphism,SNP)即SNP,是指由基因组单核苷酸变异(包括碱基转换、颠换、单碱基插入或缺失等)所引起的DNA序列多态性,是最新的第三代DNA分子标记。因其具有数量巨大、分布广泛、遗传稳定、测定准确简便、能显示其他技术无法检测的隐藏多态性以及可能与基因功能相关的众多优点,在分子标记辅助育种中得到广泛应用。
Na,K-ATPase基因是甲壳动物重要的渗透压调节基因,研究表明Na,K-ATPase基因是一个与凡纳滨对虾盐度抗逆相关的功能基因。因此,本发明针对凡纳滨对虾Na,K-ATPaseα亚基开发与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的SNP标记,以期用于凡纳滨对虾耐低盐优良品种的辅助选育,从而加快凡纳滨对虾耐低盐优良品种的选育进程。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是提供一种与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的SNP标记、扩增引物及其应用。用于凡纳滨对虾耐低盐优良品种的辅助选育,从而加快凡纳滨对虾抗逆优良品种的选育进程。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明以耐低盐和不耐低盐凡纳滨对虾的基因组DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增和测序来检测这些模板在Na,K-ATPaseα亚基一段 基因组序列所包含的每个SNP位点的基因型,通过关联分析方法确定耐低盐相关的SNP标记,并提供SNP位点扩增引物,建立凡纳滨对虾耐低盐优良品种分子标记辅助选育的技术体系,为快速选育凡纳滨对虾耐低盐优良品种奠定基础。
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的SNP标记,所述的SNP标记位于SEQ ID NO.2所示序列自5’端起第379位碱基处,碱基为C或T。SEQ ID NO.2序列在379bp处的Y代表C或T,斜体部分代表内含子序列。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的SNP标记的扩增引物,包括以下引物:
Lv-F:5’-TGATGAGCACAAGGTCCCA-3’;
Lv-R:5’-GAGAAACCACCGAAGAGG-3’。
本发明的第三个目的是提供上述的与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的SNP标记在凡纳滨对虾分子标记辅助育种中的应用。
本发明的第四个目的是提供一种耐低盐凡纳滨对虾品种的选育方法,包括以下步骤:
a、提取待测凡纳滨对虾基因组DNA;
b、采用上述的扩增引物Lv-F和Lv-R对待测凡纳滨对虾基因组DNA进行PCR扩增;
c、对扩增产物进行测序,确定所述的SNP标记的基因型,选择TT基因型的个体作为后备亲本进行耐低盐凡纳滨对虾品种育种。
所述的PCR扩增,其反应体系优选为25μL,包括:不含Mg2+的10×PCR buffer 2.5μL、25mM MgCl2 2.0μL,10mM dNTP 0.5μL、5U/μL 
Figure PCTCN2017088329-appb-000001
 HS DNA Polymerase 0.2μL、10μM正向引物0.5μL、10μM反向引物0.5μL、DNA模板12.5ng,其余由无菌水补足至25μL。
所述的PCR扩增,其反应程序优选为:95℃预变性3分钟;95℃变性30秒,55℃退火30秒,72℃延伸1分钟,共35个循环;72℃再延伸10分钟。
本发明以从NCBI中获得的凡纳滨对虾Na,K-ATPaseα亚基的mRNA序列(GenBank:KF765670.1)为基础设计引物,分别以耐低盐和不耐低盐凡纳滨对虾的基因组DNA作为模板进行PCR扩增,分别获得长度为533bp的PCR产物, 其中包含1个长度为353bp的内含子。对测序结果进行比对分析,在该段序列中共检测到11个SNP位点,通过对这些模板在每个SNP位点的基因型的关联分析,确定了1个与耐低盐相关的SNP标记。本发明建立了凡纳滨对虾耐低盐优良品种分子标记辅助选育的技术体系,为快速选育凡纳滨对虾耐低盐优良品种奠定基础。
附图说明:
图1是Lv-HR08位点的基因型峰图。
具体实施方式:
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,但并不局限于此。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法或者按照试剂盒说明书进行。下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径获得。克隆测序和引物合成工作由上海生物工程有限公司完成。
1、耐低盐和不耐低盐凡纳滨对虾样本的收集
1.1淡水应激试验
将体长2厘米左右的凡纳滨对虾虾苗放入淡水中,记录不同时间虾苗的死亡数量及应激10小时后的存活数量。结果见下表1:
表1 淡水应激试验结果
试验虾苗数量(条) 426
应激1h死亡数量(条) 0
应激2h死亡数量(条) 186
应激4h死亡数量(条) 137
应激7h死亡数量(条) 31
应激10h死亡数量(条) 19
应激10h存活数量(条) 53
1.2耐低盐和不耐低盐凡纳滨对虾样本的收集
取应激10h后仍存活的凡纳滨对虾虾苗作为耐低盐样本,应激2h死亡的虾苗作为不耐低盐样本。
2.耐低盐SNP标记的开发
2.1耐低盐和不耐低盐凡纳滨对虾基因组DNA的提取
选取耐低盐和不耐低盐虾苗各48条,分别取肌肉组织,采用海洋动物组织基因组DNA提取试剂盒(天根生化科技有限公司,北京)提取凡纳滨对虾基因组DNA,操作步骤严格按照说明书进行。基因组DNA定量采用NanoDropTM 2000分光光度计完成,质量采用琼脂糖电泳来检测。
2.2PCR引物设计
以从NCBI(http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi)中获得的凡纳滨对虾Na,K-ATPaseα亚基的mRNA序列(GenBank:KF765670.1)为基础,设计引物扩增Na,K-ATPaseα亚基的一段基因组序列。引物设计的要求为:引物长度18-22bp,GC含量为40-60%,Tm值为50-62℃,上下游引物的Tm值之差不大于5,并尽量避免引物二聚体、发夹结构及错配等。引物序列如下:
Lv-F(468-486):5’-TGATGAGCACAAGGTCCCA-3’;
Lv-R(647-630):5’-GAGAAACCACCGAAGAGG-3’。
括号中的数字代表引物中的核苷酸在Na,K-ATPaseα亚基mRNA序列中的位置。
2.3PCR扩增和测序
从步骤2.1提取的凡纳滨对虾基因组DNA中随机选取一份作为模板,采用步骤2.2设计的引物Lv-F/Lv-R对该DNA进行PCR扩增,反应体系25μL,包括:10×PCR buffer(without Mg2+)2.5μL、MgCl2(25mM)2.0μL,dNTP(10mM)0.5μL、LA Taq酶(5U/μL)0.2μL、正向引物(10μM)0.5μL、反向引物(10μM)0.5μL、DNA模板(25ng/μL)0.5μL、无菌水18.3μL。反应程序为:95℃预变性3分钟;95℃变性30秒,55℃退火30秒,72℃延伸2分钟,共35个循环;72℃再延伸10分钟。PCR扩增产物经1%琼脂糖电泳检测,显示该引物对能稳定扩增出单一条带。对扩增产物进行克隆测序,结果显示扩增产物长度为533bp,除包含目的核苷酸序列外,还包一段长度为353bp的含内含子序列,该序列的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示(命名为SEQIDPGLv-NK,SEQ ID NO.1所示序列中的斜体部分代表内含子序列)。
2.4SNP位点的筛查及SNP位点基因型分析
以步骤2.1提取的耐低盐和不耐低盐凡纳滨对虾基因组DNA为模板,采用步骤2.2所述引物Lv-F/Lv-R进行PCR扩增。反应体系和反应程序与步骤2.3中所述基本一致,不同点在于:用于筛选SNP位点的PCR体系中以高保真PCR酶(
Figure PCTCN2017088329-appb-000002
 HS DNA Polymerase)替代了LA Taq酶,72℃延伸由2分钟降为1分钟。PCR扩增产物先用2%琼脂糖电泳进行检测,然后采用3730XL测序仪进行测序。将所有扩增产物的测序峰图进行比对分析以筛查SNP位点,共检测到11个SNP位点(见表2)。通过SPSS 16.0中的非参数检验方法(卡方检验,X2)对耐低盐和不耐低盐组中各个SNP位点的基因型频率进行差异检验,设置限制性的阈值P=0.05。结果显示,上述SEQIDPGLv-NK序列379bp处的SNP位点的基因型在耐低盐和不耐低盐凡纳滨对虾中差异显著(P<0.05),该SNP位点(位于SEQ ID NO.2所示序列自5’端起第379位碱基处,该SNP标记为凡纳滨对虾耐低盐标记,斜体部分代表内含子序列,SNP位点为加粗的混合碱基Y,Y代表T或C)具有CC、CT和TT(峰图见图1)三种基因型,其中TT基因型仅在耐低盐凡纳滨对虾中检测到(表2),提示TT基因型为耐低盐优势基因型,可作为凡纳滨对虾耐低盐分子标记,用于凡纳滨对虾耐低盐优良品种的辅助选育。
表2 SEQIDPGLv-NK序列中的SNP位点、SNP位点的基因型、频率及差异检验
Figure PCTCN2017088329-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2017088329-appb-000004
注:第二列中的数字表示SNP位点在SEQIDPGLv-NK序列中的位置
Figure PCTCN2017088329-appb-000005

Claims (6)

  1. 一种与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的SNP标记,其特征在于,所述的SNP标记位于SEQ ID NO.2所示序列自5’端起第379位碱基处,碱基为C或T。
  2. 一种与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的SNP标记的扩增引物,其特征在于,包括以下引物:
    Lv-F:5’-TGATGAGCACAAGGTCCCA-3’;
    Lv-R:5’-GAGAAACCACCGAAGAGG-3’。
  3. 权利要求1所述的与凡纳滨对虾耐低盐性状相关的SNP标记在凡纳滨对虾分子标记辅助育种中的应用。
  4. 一种耐低盐凡纳滨对虾品种的选育方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    a、提取待测凡纳滨对虾基因组DNA;
    b、采用权利要求2所述的扩增引物Lv-F和Lv-R对待测凡纳滨对虾基因组DNA进行PCR扩增;
    c、对扩增产物进行测序,确定权利要求1所述的SNP标记的基因型,选择TT基因型的个体作为后备亲本进行耐低盐凡纳滨对虾品种育种。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的选育方法,其特征在于,所述的PCR扩增,其反应体系为25μL,包括:不含Mg2+的10×PCR buffer 2.5μL、25mM MgCl22.0μL,10mM dNTP 0.5μL、5U/μL
    Figure PCTCN2017088329-appb-100001
    HS DNA Polymerase 0.2μL、10μM正向引物0.5μL、10μM反向引物0.5μL、DNA模板12.5ng,其余由无菌水补足至25μL。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的选育方法,其特征在于,所述的PCR扩增,其反应程序为:95℃预变性3分钟;95℃变性30秒,55℃退火30秒,72℃延伸1分钟,共35个循环;72℃再延伸10分钟。
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