WO2018180839A1 - アンテナ装置 - Google Patents

アンテナ装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018180839A1
WO2018180839A1 PCT/JP2018/011291 JP2018011291W WO2018180839A1 WO 2018180839 A1 WO2018180839 A1 WO 2018180839A1 JP 2018011291 W JP2018011291 W JP 2018011291W WO 2018180839 A1 WO2018180839 A1 WO 2018180839A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reactance
antenna device
antenna
conductor plate
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2018/011291
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
水野　浩年
勇介 横田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yokowo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yokowo Co Ltd
Yokowo Mfg Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yokowo Co Ltd, Yokowo Mfg Co Ltd filed Critical Yokowo Co Ltd
Priority to US16/498,426 priority Critical patent/US11502409B2/en
Priority to EP18777956.6A priority patent/EP3605738A4/en
Priority to CN202310042410.1A priority patent/CN115810900A/zh
Priority to CN201880020795.9A priority patent/CN110495052B/zh
Priority to CN202211350071.5A priority patent/CN115566419A/zh
Publication of WO2018180839A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018180839A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US17/962,551 priority patent/US12191577B2/en
Priority to US18/967,767 priority patent/US20250096465A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
    • H01Q9/36—Vertical arrangement of element with top loading

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a low-profile antenna device that can be attached to a vehicle body, for example.
  • the antenna device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes an antenna base and an antenna element composed of two types of helical parts in a shark fin-shaped antenna case.
  • the two types of helical parts have a first helical part on the side close to the antenna base and a second helical part on the side far from the antenna base.
  • the first helical part is composed of a line-like pattern or a plate-like conductive member.
  • the second helical part has a larger surface area per unit length than the first helical part, and a linear, solid pattern, a solid pattern and a wire, or a plate-like conductive member is bent into a substantially U-shape. It is composed of things (horizontally long spiral elements).
  • the antenna element is composed of a helical antenna element and a plate-like element.
  • the antenna element is wound around a virtual axis from the antenna base toward the top of the vehicle antenna device.
  • the plate-like element is a conductive plate, and is arranged on the open end side of the spiral antenna element so as to cover the top portion in an electrically connected state and to have a positional relationship perpendicular to or obliquely intersecting the virtual axis.
  • the antenna device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is intended to efficiently function the entire antenna element as an antenna within a limited space.
  • two types of helical portions are provided in the height direction at regular intervals.
  • the surface portion is a so-called vertical structure in which the surface portion is erected with respect to the antenna base. For this reason, there is a limit to the reduction in height, and it can only be realized up to a height of about 70 [mm].
  • the antenna device disclosed in Patent Document 2 can ensure a substantially constant antenna gain over a wide band while being low-profile due to the effect of the plate-like element attached to the tip of the antenna element.
  • this antenna device is composed of a single antenna element and a plate-like element, there is a limit to increasing the antenna gain. Also, the height of the antenna can only be reduced to about 50 mm to 70 mm.
  • the present invention provides an antenna device having a structure capable of maintaining the same antenna gain and other antenna performance as a conventional antenna device even when the height is reduced to 50 [mm] or less. It is an object to do.
  • An antenna device includes an antenna element that receives a signal in a first frequency band and a second frequency band that is lower in frequency than the first frequency band, in an antenna housing having a height of about 15 mm or less from a mounting surface.
  • the antenna element includes a first element that receives a signal of the first frequency band, and a second element that receives a signal of the second frequency band around the first element, and the first element and the Each of the second elements has a conductor plate having a predetermined area, and these conductor plates are arranged in the same or substantially the same plane.
  • the first element further includes a plurality of reactance elements each having one end connected to the conductor plate of the first element, and the reactance elements operate as a series resonance circuit in the first frequency band together with the conductor plate. .
  • the conductor plate of the first element and the conductor plate of the second element are disposed in the same or substantially the same plane, there is no protruding portion, and the antenna element can be easily reduced in height.
  • the VSWR is improved compared to the case of using one reactance element, so that radiation efficiency is improved. To do.
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an antenna device according to a first embodiment.
  • (A) is a top view of the antenna element, and (b) to (e) are side views.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.
  • the top view which shows the positional relationship of the outer side board and capacity
  • (A) is the schematic diagram which showed the positional relationship of a capacity
  • (b) is schematic.
  • (A) is a schematic diagram which shows the positional relationship of the reference board and reference coil which a reference antenna has,
  • (b) is a schematic diagram.
  • (A) is a top view of the antenna element which concerns on 2nd Embodiment
  • (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example.
  • (A) is the schematic diagram of the structure of FM antenna in 3rd Embodiment
  • (b) is the figure which showed typically the structure of FM antenna in a comparative example.
  • (A), (b) is the schematic of the element for FM broadcast reception in 4th Embodiment.
  • (A) is a top view of the antenna element in 5th Embodiment
  • (b) is a schematic diagram of this antenna element.
  • (A) is a schematic diagram of the element for FM broadcast reception in 6th Embodiment
  • (b) is a schematic diagram.
  • (A) is a schematic diagram of the element for FM broadcast reception in 7th Embodiment,
  • (b) is schematic.
  • the present invention is used in the VHF band, for example, the FM band (76 [MHz] to 90 [MHz]) and the MF band, for example, the AM band (0.520 [MHz] to 1.710 [MHz]).
  • VHF band for example, the FM band (76 [MHz] to 90 [MHz]
  • MF band for example, the AM band (0.520 [MHz] to 1.710 [MHz]).
  • This antenna device is configured by housing an antenna element in an antenna case as an example of an antenna housing, and is used by being attached to a vehicle roof, for example.
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of the antenna device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • 2A is a top view of the antenna device 1
  • FIGS. 2B to E are side views
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the antenna device 1.
  • the height of the antenna case is 15 mm to 12 mm from the mounting surface of the vehicle at the ground potential.
  • the antenna case includes a radio wave transmissive cover portion 10 and a resin base portion 30.
  • the cover portion 10 has a bottomed cylindrical shape having an opening surface, and an inner wall (bottom portion) thereof is formed in a planar shape or a substantially planar shape.
  • the antenna element accommodated in the antenna case includes two conductor plates each having a predetermined area and two reactance elements.
  • One conductor plate is mainly used for FM band reception, and the opposing surface faces the ground potential surface, that is, the mounting surface of the vehicle. Thereby, the electrostatic capacity generated between the mounting surface and the mounting surface is loaded on itself (capacity loading). Therefore, this conductor plate is hereinafter referred to as “capacitance plate”.
  • the other conductor plate is used for AM band reception and is arranged outside the capacitor plate. Therefore, the outer conductor plate is hereinafter referred to as “outer plate”.
  • This is a conductor plate having a letter shape (a shape without a square side).
  • the outer plate 11 and the capacitor plate 12 are fixed to the inner wall of the cover unit 10. That is, the outer plate 11 and the capacitor plate 12 of the antenna elements are arranged in the same or substantially the same plane. In the example of FIG. 3, a plurality of holes are formed in each of the outer plate 11 and the capacitor plate 12, but these are screw holes and guide holes for positioning, and have little influence on the electrical characteristics.
  • the two reactance elements are both linear conductors wound helically in the example of the present embodiment.
  • the reactance elements linear conductors held by resin holders 13a and 13b fixed to the inner wall of the cover portion 10 with the capacitor plate 12 interposed therebetween are used. That is, as an example of the reactance element, there is a case where a linear conductor is wound around a dielectric to reduce the size, but the first embodiment shows an example in which the reactance element is configured by only the linear conductor. Therefore, for convenience of explanation, each of the two reactance elements is referred to as a “coil”.
  • the first coil 14a is wound and held on the surface of the first holder 13a.
  • the second coil 14b is wound and held on the surface of the second holder 13b.
  • One end of the first coil 14a is connected to the first end of the capacitor plate 12, and the other end is connected to the feeding point.
  • the second coil 14b has one end connected to the second end of the capacitor plate 12 different from the first end and the other end connected to the ground conductor.
  • the outer plate 11 can receive radio waves of various frequencies.
  • the outer plate 11 is used for receiving an AM band signal (AM signal). That is, the outer plate 11 itself constitutes an AM broadcast receiving element.
  • the AM signal received by the outer plate 11 is guided to a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board) 16 to be described later through a power feeding unit 111 at the end thereof.
  • the capacitor plate 12 can receive the FM band signal (FM signal) by being connected to the first coil 14a and the second coil 14b.
  • the capacitor plate 12 and the two coils 14a and 14b constitute an FM broadcast receiving element that resonates in the FM band.
  • the received FM band signal is guided to the printed circuit board 16 through a feeding point to which the first coil 14a is connected.
  • the printed circuit board 16 is disposed below the first holder 13a and the second holder 13b.
  • An electronic circuit is mounted on the printed circuit board 16.
  • the electronic circuit includes, for example, a first input terminal that inputs an AM signal received by the outer plate 11 and a second input terminal that is electrically connected to a feeding point of the first coil 14a.
  • an AM amplifier circuit that amplifies the AM signal input from the first input terminal and an FM amplifier circuit that amplifies the FM signal input from the second input terminal are included.
  • an output terminal for outputting an AM signal amplified by the AM amplifier circuit and an FM signal amplified by the FM amplifier circuit is included.
  • a synthesis circuit that synthesizes the AM signal and the FM signal is provided in front of the output terminal.
  • a filter, a tuning circuit, or the like may be provided before the AM amplifier circuit.
  • the printed circuit board 16 is also formed with a GND pattern that is electrically connected to a ground terminal such as each amplifier circuit.
  • a pair of metal GND terminals 15a and 15b are fixed to the GND pattern.
  • the GND terminals 15 a and 15 b are components that are electrically connected to the metal conductive base 19.
  • a cable holder 17 that holds a signal cable electrically connected to the first output terminal and the second output terminal is fixed to the back surface of the printed circuit board 16.
  • the resin base portion 30 is integrally formed with a frame 301 that protrudes upward from the inner side slightly from the outer periphery thereof and a bottom portion 302 surrounded by the frame 301.
  • the frame 301 is formed in substantially the same size as the opening surface of the cover unit 10.
  • the frame 301 has an outer surface, and a groove is formed on the outer surface over the entire circumference.
  • An O-ring 20 formed of an elastic member is fitted in this groove. The depth of the groove is shallower than the outer diameter of the O-ring 20. Therefore, the O-ring 20 seals the space in the bottom 302 in a watertight manner when the cover 10 is fitted on the resin base 30.
  • the bottom 302 of the resin base 30 is formed with a recess 303 for receiving and fixing the printed circuit board 16 and a hole 304 for projecting the pre-lock 18 and the conductive base 19 downward.
  • the pre-lock 18 is a component for temporarily fixing and fixing the antenna device 1 to a vehicle roof or the like.
  • a fixing base 305 for fixing the pre-lock 18 and the conductive base 19 with screws is fixed to the bottom 302.
  • the conductive base 19 firmly fixes the antenna device 1 to a vehicle roof or the like, and at the time of attachment, the GND pattern of the printed circuit board 16 is set to the ground potential through the GND terminals 15a and 15b.
  • FIG. 4 shows the positional relationship between the outer plate 11 and the capacitor plate 12.
  • the plurality of holes shown in FIG. 3 are omitted.
  • the outer plate 11 surrounds approximately 3/4 of the outer periphery of the capacitor plate 12 and is disposed with a predetermined gap so that the opposing end portions do not overlap each other.
  • the cover unit 10 can be simplified and the antenna device 1 can be reduced in height. it can. Since the opposing end portions of the outer plate 11 and the capacitor plate 12 are separated from each other and do not overlap, no interference occurs.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the capacitor plate 12 of the antenna device 1 and the first coil 14a and the second coil 14b
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram thereof.
  • the printed circuit board 16 is similar to the capacitor plate 12 and is slightly larger in size, but the difference in size is not a problem.
  • the ground conductor GND shown in FIG. 5B is a part of the vehicle roof that is electrically connected to the GND terminals 15a and 15b and the conductive base 19 shown in FIG.
  • the first holder 13a, the second holder 13b, and other parts are omitted for convenience.
  • the size of the capacitor plate 12 is as described above, and the height from the ground conductor GND is about 10 [mm].
  • Each of the first coil 14a and the second coil 14b has a major axis and a minor axis approximately half the size of the capacitor plate 12 (105 [mm] ⁇ 70 [mm]) and is wound at a predetermined winding pitch.
  • the inductance value is the same. They are spaced apart from each other by about 5 mm and are arranged without overlapping.
  • the major axis and minor axis of the first coil 14a and the second coil 14b or their shapes and sizes are not limited to the above example, and may be arbitrarily changed according to the installation space. The same applies to the distance between the first coil 14a and the second coil 14b.
  • One end 141a of the first coil 14a is connected to the first end of the capacitor plate 12, and the other end 142a is connected to the feeding point 50 through the wiring pattern of the printed circuit board 16. Further, one end 141b of the second coil 14b is connected to a second end (a facing end of the first end) of the capacitor plate 12 different from the first end, and the other end 142b is connected to the GND of the printed circuit board 16. It is connected to the ground conductor GND through a pattern. Accordingly, the first coil 14a and the second coil 14b operate as a series resonance circuit in the FM band together with the capacitor plate 12.
  • the electrical length from the other end 142a of the first coil 14a to the other end 142b of the second coil 14b through the capacitive plate 12 is the resonance length in the FM band (electricity half the wavelength ⁇ of the frequency used in the FM band). Long, the same shall apply hereinafter).
  • the FM signal can be extracted from the feeding point 50.
  • the present inventors created a reference antenna for comparison of electrical characteristics.
  • the reference antenna has an area defined by a reference plate having the same material and the same area as the capacitor plate 12 of the antenna device 1, the same wire material as the first coils 14 a and 14 b, the same wire diameter, and the sum of the respective outer diameters. And one reference coil having the same outer diameter.
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a reference plate (conductor plate corresponding to the capacitor plate 12) 61R and a reference coil (reactance element) 64R of the reference antenna 1R
  • FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram.
  • the reference plate 61R is transmissively displayed for convenience.
  • the reference coil 64R has one end 641R connected to the end of the reference plate 61R and the other end 642R connected to the feeding point 50.
  • the material and size ratio of the printed circuit board 66R, the connection state between the reference coil 64R and the feeding point 50, the distance between the ground conductor GND and the base end and the tip end of the reference coil 64R, and the bottom end of the reference coil 64R and the reference plate 61R Are the same as those of the antenna device 1.
  • the antenna impedance is Z 1
  • the radiated power (synonymous with received power, the same shall apply hereinafter) is P 1
  • P 1 is Z 1 ⁇ I 1 2
  • the antenna impedance is an impedance value on the real axis when, for example, a Smith chart is used, and the radiation efficiency (synonymous with reception efficiency, the same shall apply hereinafter) as it is closer to the power supply impedance (in this embodiment, 50 [ ⁇ ]). The power increases. According to the simulation experiment of the present inventors, the antenna impedance of the reference antenna 1R was 0.06 ⁇ .
  • the radiated power P 2 is the same as the radiated power P 1 of the reference antenna 1R, and the current flowing through the first coil 14a and the second coil 14b is I 2.
  • the antenna impedance Z 2 became 4 times the Z 1. That is, the number of coils increases with respect to one reference antenna 1R in proportion to the square of the number of coils.
  • the inventors have confirmed that the antenna impedance of the FM antenna of the first embodiment increases to 0.23 ⁇ , which is four times the antenna impedance of the reference antenna 1R.
  • Fig. 7 is a radiation efficiency characteristic diagram in the FM band.
  • the solid line represents the radiation efficiency in the FM band of the antenna device 1 according to the first embodiment
  • the broken line represents the radiation efficiency of the reference antenna 1R.
  • the radiation efficiency was -25.2 [dB] on the average for the reference antenna 1R, whereas it was -19 on the average for the FM antenna according to the first embodiment. 6 [dB].
  • the average radiation efficiency in the AM band was ⁇ 70.0 [dB].
  • FIG. 8A is a directional characteristic diagram in the FM band vertical polarization horizontal plane in the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 8B is a directional characteristic diagram in the AM band vertical polarization horizontal plane.
  • the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment is omnidirectional in the FM band vertical polarization horizontal plane and omnidirectional in the AM band vertical polarization horizontal plane.
  • FIG. 9A is a top view of the antenna element included in the antenna device 2 according to the second embodiment
  • FIG. 9B is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the antenna element. In FIG. 9B, the capacitive plate is transmissively displayed.
  • the antenna device 2 of the second embodiment includes a rectangular capacitive plate 22 and a rectangular annular outer plate 21 that surrounds the entire circumference of the capacitive plate 22 on the same plane or substantially the same plane.
  • the outer plate 21 and the capacitor plate 22 were arranged with a space of about 5 mm so that the opposing ends did not overlap.
  • the distance between the ground conductor GND and the outer plate 21 and the capacitor plate 22 is the same as that of the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the resin base portion 230 is slightly larger in size than the outer plate 21.
  • the AM signal received by the outer plate 21 is guided to the electronic circuit of the printed circuit board 26 on the resin base 230 through the power supply unit 211 at the end thereof. That is, the outer plate 21 operates as an AM broadcast receiving element as in the first embodiment.
  • One end 141 a of the first coil 14 a is connected to the first end of the capacitor plate 22, and the other end 142 a is connected to the feeding point 50 through the wiring pattern of the printed board 26.
  • one end 141b of the second coil 14b is connected to a second end portion (an opposite end portion of the first end portion) of the capacitor plate 22 different from the first end portion, and the other end 142b is connected to the GND of the printed circuit board 26. It is connected to the ground conductor GND through a pattern.
  • the 1st coil 14a and the 2nd coil 14b operate
  • An FM signal can be extracted from the feeding point 50.
  • the average radiation efficiency in the FM band in Japan and the directivity in the vertical polarization horizontal plane were almost the same as those of the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the antenna impedance was almost the same as that of the first embodiment. That is, the radiation efficiency of the FM band is almost the same as that of the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the directivity in the vertical polarization horizontal plane is the same as that of the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment, and the radiation efficiency is the same as that of the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the entire circumference of the rectangular capacitive plate 22 is surrounded by the rectangular annular outer plate 21 on the same plane or substantially the same plane.
  • the capacity plate 22 can be simply formed by punching or the like, so that the manufacturing process is simplified.
  • the outer plate 21 may be molded so that a part or all of the outer edge thereof becomes lower toward the outer periphery without changing the area of the outer plate 21. In this case, since a part of the height of the outer plate 21 is lowered, the radiation efficiency in the AM band is slightly lowered, but this is not a problem in practical use.
  • Such a configuration has an advantage that, for example, the cover 10 included in the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment can be further downsized.
  • the antenna device 3 of the third embodiment is an FM broadcast receiving element including a conductor plate having a predetermined area and two reactance elements, in which the winding directions of the adjacent first coil 34a and second coil 34b are reversed. It is. Since the structures of the outer plate 11, the capacitor plate 12, and other components are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same names and the same reference numerals are given, and the description of the overlapping portions is omitted.
  • FIG. 10A is a diagram schematically showing the structure of the FM antenna in the antenna device 3 of the third embodiment
  • FIG. 10B is a diagram schematically showing the structure of the FM antenna in the antenna device 9 of the comparative example. It is a figure.
  • the capacitive plate 12 is transmissively displayed.
  • the second coil 34b is wound in the opposite direction to the second coil 94b included in the antenna device 9 of the comparative example.
  • the material, length (winding pitch), and outer diameter of the linear conductor are the same as those of the first coil 34a.
  • One end 341 a of the first coil 34 a is connected to the first end of the capacitor plate 12, and the other end 342 a is connected to a power supply point (not shown) through the wiring pattern of the printed board 36.
  • One end 341b of the second coil 34b is connected to a second end portion (an opposite end portion of the first end portion) of the capacitor plate 12 different from the first end portion, and the other end 342b is a GND pattern of the printed circuit board 36. To the ground conductor GND.
  • the current ia flowing through the first coil 34a and the current ib flowing through the second coil 34b are in the same direction at adjacent portions.
  • the antenna device 9 of the comparative example the current i1 flowing through the first coil 94a and the current i2 flowing through the second coil 94b are opposite to each other and cancel each other.
  • FIG. 11 is a radiation efficiency characteristic diagram in the FM band.
  • the solid line represents the antenna device 3 of the third embodiment, and the broken line represents the antenna device 9 of the comparative example.
  • the current i1 and the current i2 are offset by the first coil 94a and the second coil 94b being wound in the same direction. Yes. Therefore, it can be seen that the inductance value decreases and the frequency characteristic moves to the high frequency side as compared with the antenna device 3 of the third embodiment.
  • a decrease in the inductance value can be suppressed by the amount that the current flowing through the adjacent coils is not canceled out. This means that the coil length when resonating at a desired frequency is shortened, and as a result, the conductor loss is reduced and the radiation efficiency is increased as compared with the antenna device 9 of the comparative example.
  • a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
  • the first embodiment has been described on the assumption that the winding pitch (coil length) of the two coils is the same (5: 5). If the electrical length from the other end 142a of the first coil 14a to the other end 142b of the second coil 14b through the capacitive plate 12 is the FM band resonance length (1/2 of the wavelength ⁇ of the operating frequency), two coils
  • the winding pitch of 14a and 14b does not necessarily need to be the same.
  • the fourth embodiment an example in which the winding pitch is different from the winding pitch of other coils in the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment will be described. Since the structures of the outer plate 11, the capacitor plate 12, and other components are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same names and the same reference numerals are given, and the description of the overlapping portions is omitted.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an FM broadcast receiving element in the antenna device 4 of the fourth embodiment.
  • 12A shows the antenna device 4 in which the winding pitch of the first coil 44a and the second coil 44b is 6: 4
  • FIG. 12B shows the winding pitch of the first coil 54a and the second coil 54b is 4 :.
  • 6 is the antenna device 5.
  • FIG. 13 is a radiation efficiency characteristic diagram in the FM band.
  • the solid line is the characteristic of the antenna device 4
  • the long broken line is the characteristic of the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment with a winding pitch of 5: 5
  • the short broken line is the characteristic of the antenna device 5.
  • the average radiation efficiency in the Japanese FM band shown between the thick lines is -19.1 [dB] for the antenna device 4, -19.6 [dB] for the antenna device 1, and -20.2 for the antenna device 5. [DB]. That is, the coil is set so that the inductance amount of the coil (first coil in the present embodiment) close to the feeding point 50 is increased (specifically, for example, the number of turns is increased). Thereby, the average radiation efficiency in the FM band can be increased.
  • a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
  • the antenna device 2 having the rectangular capacitor plate 22 and the rectangular annular outer plate 21 that surrounds the entire circumference of the capacitor plate 22 on the same plane or substantially the same plane has been described.
  • the area is the same as that of the capacitor plate 21 and the capacitor plate 22, the shape of these conductor plates is arbitrary.
  • the capacity plate is disk-shaped, and the outer plate disposed along the entire circumference is an annular shape. Since the structure of other parts is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same name and the same reference numeral are given, and the description of the overlapping parts is omitted.
  • FIG. 14A is a top view of the antenna element of the antenna device 6 according to the fifth embodiment
  • FIG. 14B is a diagram schematically showing the structure of this antenna element.
  • the antenna device 6 includes a disk-shaped capacitor plate 62 and an annular outer plate 61 arranged along the outer periphery thereof.
  • the capacity plate 62 and the surrounding outer plate 61 are arranged with a space of about 5 mm so as not to overlap.
  • the capacitive plate 62 and the outer plate 61 are displayed in a transparent manner.
  • the first coil 64 a and the second coil 64 b each have a semicircular outer diameter, and the total area defined by the outer diameter is substantially the same as that of the capacitor plate 62.
  • the printed circuit board 66 equivalent to the printed circuit board 16 described in the first embodiment is formed in substantially the same shape and size as the outer plate 61, but the shape and size are arbitrary. Further, the lower resin base portion 630 is molded in a size larger than those in order to accommodate the antenna element and the printed circuit board 66. Although illustration is omitted, parts corresponding to the cover portion 10 of the first embodiment also have a bottomed cylindrical shape.
  • the AM signal received by the outer plate 61 is guided to the electronic circuit of the printed circuit board 66 through the power feeding unit 611 at the end thereof.
  • One end 641 a of the first coil 64 a is connected to the first end of the capacitor plate 62, and the other end 642 a is connected to a power supply point (not shown) via the wiring pattern of the printed board 66.
  • one end 641b of the second coil 64b is connected to a second end (a facing end of the first end) of the capacitor plate 62 different from the first end, and the other end 642b is a GND pattern of the printed circuit board 66. To be connected to the ground conductor GND.
  • the 1st coil 64a and the 2nd coil 64b operate
  • An FM signal is output from the feeding point.
  • the distance between the ground conductor GND and the outer plate 61 and the capacitor plate 62 is the same as that of the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the average radiation efficiency in the FM band of the antenna device 6 having such a structure is ⁇ 19.5 [dB], and the radiation efficiency equivalent to that of the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment can be realized.
  • the average radiation efficiency in the AM band is ⁇ 70.0 [dB], and the radiation efficiency equivalent to that of the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment can be realized.
  • the directivity is omnidirectional in the vertical polarization horizontal plane in both the AM band and the FM band.
  • the winding directions of the first coil 64a and the second coil 64b may be opposite to each other, and the winding pitch ratio may be changed.
  • the capacity plate 62 may have a substantially disc shape or a substantially oval shape.
  • the outer plate 61, the first coil 64a, and the second coil 64b also have a shape that matches the shape of the capacitor plate 62.
  • FIG. 15A is a diagram schematically illustrating the structure of an FM broadcast receiving element of the antenna device 7 according to the sixth embodiment
  • FIG. 15B is a schematic diagram.
  • the FM broadcast receiving element of the antenna device 7 according to the sixth embodiment includes a first FM broadcast receiving element and a second FM broadcast receiving element that resonate in the FM band.
  • the first FM broadcast receiving element generates a capacitance between the first FM broadcast receiving element and the first capacitance plate 721 arranged to load the electrostatic capacitance on the first FM broadcast receiving element, respectively.
  • One end thereof has a first coil 74 a and a second coil 74 b connected to the first capacitor plate 721.
  • the second FM broadcast receiving element generates a capacitance with the ground conductor GND, and a second capacitance plate 722 arranged to load the electrostatic capacitance on the second FM broadcast receiving element, respectively.
  • One end thereof has a third coil 74c and a fourth coil 74d connected to the second capacitor plate 722.
  • the two have substantially the same area as the capacitor plate 12 included in the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the height from the ground conductor GND is about 10 [mm].
  • one end 741a of the first coil 74a is connected to the first end of the first capacitor plate 721, and the other end 742a is connected to the feeding point 50 through the wiring pattern of the printed circuit board 76.
  • the second coil 74b has one end 741b connected to the second end of the first capacitor plate 721 (the opposite end of the first end of the first capacitor plate 721) different from the first end, and the other The end 742b is connected to the ground conductor GND through the GND pattern of the printed circuit board 76.
  • the third coil 74c has one end 741c connected to the first end of the second capacitor plate 722 and the other end 742c connected to the ground conductor GND via the GND pattern of the printed circuit board 76.
  • the fourth coil 74d has one end 741d connected to the second end of the second capacitor plate 722 (the opposite end of the first end of the second capacitor plate 722) different from the first end, and others.
  • the end 742d is connected to the ground conductor GND through the GND pattern of the printed circuit board 76.
  • Each of the coils 74a to 74d has an area defined by the outer diameter of the coil 74a to 74d, which is substantially half the area of the capacitor plates 721 and 722 (long side 105 [mm] ⁇ short side 30 [mm]). It is wound helically on the turn pitch. In addition, the coils 74a to 74d are spaced from each other by about 5 to 10 [mm] and are arranged without overlapping.
  • the first FM broadcast receiving element and the second FM broadcast receiving element operate as a series resonant circuit via the ground conductor GND. That is, the first FM broadcast receiving element and the second FM broadcast receiving element resonate at a desired frequency (for example, 84 [MHz]), respectively, but the first FM broadcast receiving element and the second FM broadcast receiving element as a whole are
  • the series resonant circuit is designed to resonate at the frequency.
  • the number of coils in the sixth embodiment is twice the number of coils in the first embodiment. That is, each current flowing through the first coil 74a, the second coil 74b, the third coil 74c, and the fourth coil 74d is 1 / of each current flowing through the first coil 14a and the second coil 14b in the first embodiment. Is equivalent to 2. Therefore, compared with the case where the antenna impedance of the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment is 0.23 ⁇ , the antenna impedance of the antenna device 7 of the sixth embodiment is 0.86 ⁇ , and is nearly four times that. Increased.
  • FIG. 16 is a radiation efficiency characteristic diagram in the FM band, where the solid line is the antenna device 7 of the sixth embodiment, and the broken line is the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the radiation efficiency characteristic of the antenna device 7 is steeper than that of the antenna device 1 and the bandwidth is narrow, but the radiation efficiency is higher than that of the antenna device 1 at a desired frequency (84 MHz).
  • the average radiation efficiency is ⁇ 18.1 [dB], which is improved as compared with the antenna device 1.
  • the directivity was also omnidirectional in the vertical polarization horizontal plane in the FM band, similar to the antenna device 1.
  • two coils are connected to each of the first capacitor plate 721 and the second capacitor plate 722.
  • three coils may be connected to at least one of the capacitor plates. .
  • FIG. 17A is a diagram schematically illustrating the structure of an FM broadcast receiving element of the antenna device 8 according to the seventh embodiment
  • FIG. 17B is a schematic diagram.
  • three coils 84a, 84b, and 84c are arranged on the same plane or substantially the same plane in the same direction on one capacitive plate 12, and the middle.
  • the winding direction of the second coil 84b is opposite to that of the other coils 84a and 84c.
  • the capacitive plate 12 is transmissively displayed.
  • the first coil 84 a has one end 841 a connected to the capacitor plate 12 and the other end 842 a connected to the feeding point 50 via the wiring pattern of the printed circuit board 86.
  • the second coil 84 b and the third coil 84 c have one ends 841 b and 841 c connected to the capacitor plate 12, and the other ends 842 b and 842 c connected to the ground conductor GND via the GND pattern of the printed circuit board 86.
  • One end 841b of the second coil 84b is electrically connected to a substantially central portion of the capacitor plate 12.
  • the electrical length from the other end 842a of the first coil 84a to the other end 842c of the third coil 84c is a resonance length in the FM band, and operates as a series resonance circuit in the FM band, similarly to the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment. .
  • the antenna impedance of the antenna device 8 is 0.86 ⁇ , and the antenna impedance is increased as compared with the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 is a radiation efficiency characteristic diagram in the FM band. The solid line is for the antenna device 8 and the broken line is for the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment. As is clear from FIG. 18, the radiation efficiency of the antenna device 8 becomes steeper as it approaches a desired frequency (84 MHz), and the frequency is higher than that of the antenna device 1 of the first embodiment. Also, the average gain of radiation efficiency is improved. The average of the FM band in Japan shown between the thick lines is also ⁇ 18.0 [dB], which is an improvement over the antenna device 1. Therefore, when the number of coils connected to one capacitor plate 12 is increased, the radiation efficiency can be significantly increased for a desired frequency in the FM band.
  • the height of the capacitor plate 12 and the like from the ground conductor GND is about 10 mm.
  • the area of the capacitor plate 12 (the sum in the case of a plurality of capacitors) is substantially the same, the ground conductor GND is used. Therefore, radiation efficiency increases when the capacity plate is as high as possible.
  • the height from the ground conductor GND to the back surface of the capacitor plate 12 may be 14.9 mm (up to about 15 mm to the outer wall of the cover portion 10).
  • the average radiation efficiency in the FM band is -16.6 [dB]
  • the average radiation efficiency in the AM band is -67.5 [dB]
  • in the case of 10 mm average in the FM band -19.6 [dB] dB] and AM band can be higher than the average of ⁇ 69.9 [dB]).
  • the outer plate 11 is surrounded on three sides along the outer periphery of the capacitor plate 12, and in the second embodiment, the entire outer periphery of the capacitor plate 22 is surrounded by the outer plate 21.
  • the configuration may be such that the outer plate is arranged at a predetermined distance from one side of the capacitor plate with the same length as one side of the capacitor plate.
  • the area (height) of the outer plate is set to the same area (height) as the outer plate 1 or the like of the antenna device 1 or the like of the first embodiment, the radiation efficiency is much higher even if the shape is different. does not change. That is, the arrangement of the outer plate can be arbitrarily changed in accordance with the shape of the cover portion 10, and the design flexibility can be enhanced.
  • the FM band is described as an example of the VHF band.
  • the cellular band 800 [MHz] to 900 [MHz]
  • the cellular band 800 [MHz] to 900 [MHz]
  • the cellular band 800 [MHz] to 900 [MHz]
  • the antenna housing is an antenna case including the cover portion 10 and the resin base portion 30
  • the antenna housing body is not an antenna case that exists independently, but in any part of the vehicle body.
  • the formed accommodation space may be used as an antenna accommodation body.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
PCT/JP2018/011291 2017-03-29 2018-03-22 アンテナ装置 Ceased WO2018180839A1 (ja)

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US16/498,426 US11502409B2 (en) 2017-03-29 2018-03-22 Antenna device
EP18777956.6A EP3605738A4 (en) 2017-03-29 2018-03-22 ANTENNA-TYPE DEVICE
CN202310042410.1A CN115810900A (zh) 2017-03-29 2018-03-22 天线装置
CN201880020795.9A CN110495052B (zh) 2017-03-29 2018-03-22 天线装置
CN202211350071.5A CN115566419A (zh) 2017-03-29 2018-03-22 天线装置
US17/962,551 US12191577B2 (en) 2017-03-29 2022-10-10 Antenna device
US18/967,767 US20250096465A1 (en) 2017-03-29 2024-12-04 Antenna device

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JP2017066279A JP7224716B2 (ja) 2017-03-29 2017-03-29 アンテナ装置
JP2017-066279 2017-03-29

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US17/962,551 Continuation US12191577B2 (en) 2017-03-29 2022-10-10 Antenna device

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US11502409B2 (en) 2022-11-15
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US20230032648A1 (en) 2023-02-02
EP3605738A4 (en) 2020-12-30
CN110495052B (zh) 2023-02-17
CN115566419A (zh) 2023-01-03
JP7565392B2 (ja) 2024-10-10
CN110495052A (zh) 2019-11-22
CN115810900A (zh) 2023-03-17
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US20250096465A1 (en) 2025-03-20
JP2023058579A (ja) 2023-04-25
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JP2024174097A (ja) 2024-12-13
EP3605738A1 (en) 2020-02-05

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