WO2018053986A1 - 太阳能面板清扫机器人 - Google Patents

太阳能面板清扫机器人 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018053986A1
WO2018053986A1 PCT/CN2017/072769 CN2017072769W WO2018053986A1 WO 2018053986 A1 WO2018053986 A1 WO 2018053986A1 CN 2017072769 W CN2017072769 W CN 2017072769W WO 2018053986 A1 WO2018053986 A1 WO 2018053986A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar panel
robot
vehicle body
disposed
cleaning robot
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/072769
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋昌胜
江家勇
徐建荣
Original Assignee
苏州瑞得恩光能科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州瑞得恩光能科技有限公司 filed Critical 苏州瑞得恩光能科技有限公司
Priority to US15/744,870 priority Critical patent/US10511256B2/en
Priority to JP2018502409A priority patent/JP2019500063A/ja
Publication of WO2018053986A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018053986A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B1/00Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
    • B08B1/30Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
    • B08B1/32Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface using rotary cleaning members
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/10Cleaning arrangements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B1/00Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
    • B08B1/10Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools characterised by the type of cleaning tool
    • B08B1/12Brushes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B1/00Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
    • B08B1/30Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
    • B08B1/32Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface using rotary cleaning members
    • B08B1/34Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface using rotary cleaning members rotating about an axis parallel to the surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B13/00Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/02Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J5/00Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/16Programme controls
    • B25J9/1679Programme controls characterised by the tasks executed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/16Programme controls
    • B25J9/1679Programme controls characterised by the tasks executed
    • B25J9/1689Teleoperation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/20Cleaning; Removing snow
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/20Control system inputs
    • G05D1/24Arrangements for determining position or orientation
    • G05D1/243Means capturing signals occurring naturally from the environment, e.g. ambient optical, acoustic, gravitational or magnetic signals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/60Intended control result
    • G05D1/648Performing a task within a working area or space, e.g. cleaning
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B2203/00Details of cleaning machines or methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B2203/02Details of machines or methods for cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
    • B08B2203/0211Case coverings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/02Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
    • B08B3/024Cleaning by means of spray elements moving over the surface to be cleaned
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J5/00Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages
    • B25J5/005Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages mounted on endless tracks or belts
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/45Nc applications
    • G05B2219/45098Vacuum cleaning robot
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D2105/00Specific applications of the controlled vehicles
    • G05D2105/10Specific applications of the controlled vehicles for cleaning, vacuuming or polishing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D2107/00Specific environments of the controlled vehicles
    • G05D2107/70Industrial sites, e.g. warehouses or factories
    • G05D2107/75Electric power generation plants
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D2109/00Types of controlled vehicles
    • G05D2109/10Land vehicles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D2111/00Details of signals used for control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles
    • G05D2111/10Optical signals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S901/00Robots
    • Y10S901/01Mobile robot

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of cleaning robots, and in particular to a solar panel cleaning robot.
  • a solar panel is a device that converts solar energy directly into electrical energy using photovoltaics that occur under the illumination of semiconductor materials. Solar panels can generate electricity in places where there is sunlight, so solar panels are suitable for a variety of applications, from large power stations to small portable chargers.
  • the working environment of solar panels can only be outdoor, and the biggest problem affecting their work is not the wind and rain, but the dust accumulated all the year round. Dust or other attachments on the solar panel may affect the transmittance of the panel and impede the photoelectric efficiency, which will seriously affect the efficiency of the panel directly acquiring sunlight, reduce the energy absorption and conversion efficiency of the panel, and reduce the power generation efficiency.
  • the solar panel can only be manually and regularly cleaned up. Due to the large area of the solar panel and the large number of panels used by the large power station, the dust will accumulate repeatedly and need to be repeatedly cleaned; therefore, the labor cost is high. The cleaning efficiency is low and the cleaning effect is poor.
  • the cleaning robot is insufficiently powered, cannot travel freely, and has poor cleaning effect; since the tilt angle of the solar panel is generally between 10 and 40 degrees, the existing cleaning robot cannot travel freely on the slope plane, even if it can barely travel, It will run out of power soon.
  • the cleaning robot will slide off the solar panel; because the solar panel is relatively smooth, the existing cleaning robot has a relatively small weight and wheel friction coefficient, and the friction is relatively small, and it is difficult to travel, and it is easy to slip.
  • the cleaning robot cannot travel according to the prescribed route, and the coverage area during travel is small, and it will fall from the edge of the solar panel; the existing cleaning robot is generally set to automatically turn to the obstacle, because there is no obstacle on the solar panel, automatically The cleaning robot that travels can only travel on a single path, and the coverage area during the travel is small, which is inevitable. Will fall from the edge of the solar panel. Even if the path is planned in advance, the existing cleaning robot is easily affected by gravity and panel attachment during traveling, and it is easy to deviate from the path, and it is difficult to ensure straight travel; and the cleaning robot itself cannot detect and cannot travel through the entire panel. Will leave a lot of space that can't be cleaned.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a solar panel cleaning robot to solve the technical problems of high labor cost, low cleaning efficiency, and poor cleaning effect in the conventional manual cleaning method.
  • the present invention provides a solar panel cleaning robot, comprising a vehicle body, the vehicle body can be driven on at least one solar panel; a cleaning device, a power system, and a cleaning device are disposed inside or outside the vehicle body.
  • a control system and a power system wherein the cleaning device is configured to clean the solar panel; the power system is configured to adjust a traveling direction and a traveling speed of the vehicle body on the solar panel; Connecting to the power system, the cleaning device; the control system issuing at least one travel control command to the power system, the power system controlling the vehicle body to travel according to the travel control command; wherein the control The system issues at least one cleaning control command to the cleaning device, and the cleaning device cleans or stops cleaning the solar panel according to the cleaning control command.
  • the power system is coupled to the power system, the cleaning device, and the control system, respectively, for providing power to the power system, the cleaning device, and the control system.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar panel cleaning robot that solves the technical problem that the cleaning robot of the prior art is difficult to travel on a slope and is easy to slip.
  • the present invention provides a solar panel cleaning robot, wherein the power system includes a left front wheel, a left side of the front portion of the bottom surface of the vehicle body, including a left front wheel hub, and a left front wheel axle.
  • a right front wheel mounted on the right side of the front portion of the bottom surface of the vehicle body, including a right front hub; and a right front axle disposed at the center of the right front hub; a left drive motor Mounted on the bottom of the vehicle body, including a left driving shaft fixedly connected to the left front wheel axle for controlling the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the left front wheel; and a right The driving motor is mounted on the bottom of the vehicle body and includes a right driving shaft fixedly coupled to the right front wheel axle for controlling the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the right front wheel.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar panel cleaning robot that solves the technical problem that the cleaning robot of the prior art has a small coverage area and falls from the edge of the solar panel during traveling.
  • the present invention provides a solar panel cleaning robot, wherein the control system includes a data acquisition system for collecting at least one operating parameter during the traveling of the vehicle body; a processor connected to the a data acquisition system for issuing at least one travel control command to the power system, and issuing at least one sweep control command to the cleaning device; and at least one storage system coupled to the processor for storing the vehicle The operating parameters during the body travel.
  • the control system includes a data acquisition system for collecting at least one operating parameter during the traveling of the vehicle body; a processor connected to the a data acquisition system for issuing at least one travel control command to the power system, and issuing at least one sweep control command to the cleaning device; and at least one storage system coupled to the processor for storing the vehicle The operating parameters during the body travel.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar panel cleaning robot to solve the technical problem that the cleaning robot of the prior art has difficulty in monitoring the working state of the solar panel.
  • the present invention provides a solar panel cleaning robot comprising at least one wireless communication system wirelessly connected to a server for establishing communication between the solar panel cleaning robot and the server.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar panel cleaning robot to solve the technical problem that the cleaning robot of the prior art is difficult to charge on the solar panel.
  • the present invention provides a solar panel cleaning robot, wherein the power system further includes at least one wireless charging system, including a rechargeable battery disposed inside the vehicle body for providing power; at least one a wireless power transmitting device disposed outside the vehicle body; each wireless power transmitting device includes a transmitting coil connected to a power source; and a wireless power receiving device disposed on an inner or outer surface of the vehicle body
  • the wireless power receiving device includes a receiving coil connected to the rechargeable battery; wherein the receiving coil and the transmitting coil are electrically connected when the receiving coil is positioned above the transmitting coil Magnetically inductively coupled, the transmitting coil transmits radio energy to the receiving coil.
  • the invention has the advantages that the solar panel cleaning robot can be freely operated on the solar panel, effectively removing dust and other attachments on the panel, and the decontamination effect is good; during the operation of the cleaning robot of the invention on the solar panel, According to the set optimization path, the entire space of the panel can be covered without repeated, and the working efficiency is high; the cleaning robot of the invention can automatically realize turning or turning according to the program, realize automatic control, and is convenient to operate; the cleaning robot of the present invention can be The automatic charging on the solar panel eliminates the need to repeatedly remove it from the panel, which reduces the operation process, reduces maintenance difficulty and operational risk, and saves a lot of labor costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall appearance of a cleaning robot according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the inside of a cleaning robot according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view of a cleaning robot according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cleaning device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of another cleaning device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a bottom portion of a liquid dispensing container according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view showing the working state of a liquid dispensing container when the embodiment 1 of the present invention is on a slope;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a liquid dispensing container in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of another liquid dispensing container in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a liquid dispensing container in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a liquid level sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a filler cap body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a two-way pressure relief valve according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a power system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of the power system after removing the crawler casing according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural view of a first crawler tensioning device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • 17 is a schematic structural view of the first crawler tensioning device of the first embodiment of the present invention after removing the track side plates;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of the first crawler tensioning device of the first embodiment of the present invention after removing the crawler belt;
  • 19 is a schematic structural view of the second crawler tensioning device of the first embodiment of the present invention after removing the track side plates;
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural view of the third crawler tensioning device in the first embodiment of the present invention after removing the track side plates;
  • FIG. 21 is a structural block diagram of a control system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system on a robot according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a driving path of a robot traveling on a rectangular slope by using a first path navigation method
  • Figure 24 is a schematic view showing another driving path of the robot running on a rectangular slope by the first path navigation method
  • 25 is a schematic diagram of a driving path of a robot traveling on a rectangular slope by using a second path navigation method
  • 26 is a schematic diagram of another driving path of the robot traveling on a rectangular slope by using the second path navigation method
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of a driving path of a robot traveling on a rectangular slope using a third path navigation method
  • 29 is a schematic diagram of a driving path of a robot traveling on a rectangular slope using a fourth path navigation method
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of another driving path of the robot traveling on a rectangular slope using the fourth path navigation method
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic view showing a state in which a transmitting coil is disposed on a lower surface of a solar panel according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram showing an operation state of a receiving coil coupled to a transmitting coil according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 34 is a schematic view showing a state in which a transmitting coil is disposed under a slit at a junction of two solar panels according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • 35 is a schematic view showing another working state of the receiving coil coupled to the transmitting coil in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 36 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless power transmitting device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 37 is another schematic structural diagram of a wireless power transmitting device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 39 is a schematic view showing a state in which a charging panel is embedded in a solar panel according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 40 is a schematic view showing a state in which a charging panel is installed at an edge of a solar panel according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • 621 receiving coil, 622 rechargeable battery, 623 rectifier circuit, 624DC-DC conversion circuit, 625 receiver controller, 626 battery information collector, 627 wireless charging switch, 628 battery manager;
  • transmitter signal loading unit 632 transmitter signal deriving unit, 633 receiving end signal loading unit, 634 receiving end signal deriving unit;
  • valve body 2572 valve cavity, 2573 sealing valve block, 2574 sealing stop, 2575 first vent, 2576 second vent, 2577 first elastic, 2578 second elastic, 2579 annular shoulder;
  • a component When a component is described as being “on” another component, the component can be placed directly on the other component; an intermediate component can also be present, the component being placed on the intermediate component, And the intermediate part is placed on another part.
  • a component When a component is described as “mounted to” or “connected to” another component, it can be understood as “directly” or “connected”, or a component is “mounted to” or “connected” through an intermediate component. To “another part.
  • the present embodiment provides a solar panel cleaning robot 100 (hereinafter referred to as a cleaning robot or a robot), including a vehicle body 1, and the vehicle body 1 can be driven on at least one solar panel 200; 1
  • a cleaning device 2, a power system 3, a control system 4, and a power system 5 are provided inside or outside.
  • the cleaning device 2 is configured to clean the solar panel 200 during the traveling of the vehicle body; the power system 3 is used to adjust the traveling direction and the traveling speed of the vehicle body 1 on the solar panel 200, and control the driving, stopping or steering of the vehicle body 1; the control system 4 They are respectively connected to the power system 3 and the cleaning device 2 for issuing various control signals to the power system 3 and the cleaning device 2.
  • the power system 5 is connected to the power system 3, the cleaning device 2, and the control system 4, respectively, for supplying power to the power system 3, the cleaning device 2, and the control system 4.
  • the control system 4 issues at least one travel control command and at least one sweep control command, and the power system 3 controls the vehicle according to the travel control command.
  • the body 1 travels along a pre-planned path; at the same time, the cleaning device 2 activates the cleaning device 2 according to the cleaning control command to start cleaning the solar panel 200.
  • the control system 4 issues a plurality of travel control commands to the power system 3, such as a correction command, a turning command, a turning command, and the like, thereby commanding the vehicle body 1 to deflect in a straight traveling path.
  • the vehicle body 1 can be driven according to an optimized route planned in advance.
  • the specific navigation method, the calibration method, the method of controlling the turning of the vehicle body or the U-turn (turning head) method are described in detail below.
  • the cleaning device 2 is always in operation.
  • the control system 4 issues a travel control command to stop traveling based on certain operating parameters (such as all planned paths are completed or the power system 5 is insufficient)
  • the vehicle body 1 stops traveling; at the same time, the control system 4 issues a cleaning control command. Turn off the cleaning device 2 and stop cleaning.
  • the cleaning device 2 of the embodiment includes a cleaning motor 21, a roller brush 22 and a transmission mechanism 23.
  • the cleaning motor 21 includes a cleaning motor shaft 211; the roller brush center is provided with a roller driven shaft 221; and the transmission mechanism 23 is simultaneously connected to the cleaning motor shaft 211 and the roller Brushing the driven shaft 221,
  • the cleaning motor shaft 211 drives the roller driven shaft 221 to rotate by the transmission mechanism 23.
  • the roller brush 22 is disposed below the front end of the vehicle body 1, and the lower end of the roller brush 22 is directly in contact with the solar panel 200 for cleaning the solar panel 200.
  • the transmission mechanism 23 is a gear set composed of two or more large and small meshing gears for transmitting the power of the cleaning motor shaft 211 to the roller driven shaft 221, and at the same time slowing down the output rotation speed of the cleaning motor 21, thereby being slower.
  • the rotation speed drives the roller 22 to rotate.
  • the transmission mechanism 23 includes a driving gear 231, a driven gear 232, and a double gear 233.
  • the driving gear 231 is disposed on the cleaning motor shaft 211, the cleaning motor shaft 211 is perpendicular to the wheel surface of the driving gear 231, the driven gear 232 is disposed on the roller driven shaft 221, and the roller driven shaft 221 is perpendicular to the driven gear 232.
  • the tread wheel 221 is parallel to the cleaning motor shaft 211.
  • the double gear 233 includes a large ring gear 2331 and a small ring gear 2332 which are integrally formed, the large ring gear 2331 is meshed with the driving gear 231, and the small ring gear 2332 is meshed with the driven gear 232.
  • the cleaning motor 21 is started, the cleaning motor shaft 211 is rotated at a high speed, and after the deceleration processing of the double gear 233, the roller driving shaft 221 drives the roller 22 to rotate at a slow speed, so that the roller brush 22 can clean the solar panel 200.
  • the rotation speed ratio between the cleaning motor shaft 211 and the roller driven shaft 221 depends on the radius ratio of the large ring gear 2331 and the small ring gear 2332.
  • the roller brush 22 is a spiral roller brush, and the spiral roller brush includes at least one spiral blade 222.
  • the spiral blade 222 can be divided into a plurality of flaps 223, and the petals 223 are equidistantly disposed between the blades 22 and the solar panel. 200 full contact, so that the panel part of the car body 1 can be swept. While the vehicle body 1 of the present embodiment is traveling, the roller brush 22 continuously cleans the deposits such as dust on the solar panel 200.
  • the cleaning device 2 further includes a debris baffle 24 fixedly mounted to the side of the roller brush 22, and the roller follower shaft 221 at the center of the roller brush 22 is parallel to the debris baffle 24.
  • the cleaning device 2 (cleaning device) is disposed at the front end of the cleaning robot 100 (ie, the front portion of the vehicle body), and the rear end of the cleaning robot 100 (ie, the rear portion of the vehicle body) includes a body 11 and a debris baffle 24 It is disposed between the cleaning device 2 and the vehicle body 11.
  • the debris baffle 24 can effectively collect dust, trivial, sewage and the like, so as to be easily removed from the surface, and at the same time, the debris can be prevented from entering the cleaning device 2 or the power system 3, in case The damage of various components in the vehicle body 1 is caused.
  • the cleaning device 2 further includes a liquid dispensing container 25, at least one spray head 26, and a furcation conduit 27.
  • the liquid dispensing container 25 (which may be simply referred to as the container 25) is a detachable sealed container for storing water or a detergent solution, and a drain opening 251 is provided at the bottom thereof;
  • each nozzle includes a nozzle 261, the nozzle 261 is facing the direction of the roller brush 22;
  • the branching pipe 27 includes a main pipe 271 and at least one pipe (not shown) communicating with each other; the main pipe 271 is connected to Drain port; each pipe is connected to a nozzle.
  • the branching pipe 27 preferably has a split bifurcation pipe, including a main pipe 271 and two branch pipes for distributing liquid
  • the water or detergent solution in the container 25 is delivered to the two spray heads 26.
  • the cleaning device 2 further includes a pump 28 connected to the control system 4 to obtain at least one pump control signal from the control system 4; the pump 28 is disposed on the main pipe 27 as a control liquid distribution.
  • the container 25 discharges a liquid switch, and adjusts the liquid discharge speed according to the pump control signal.
  • the control system 4 issues at least one pump control signal to the pump 28 as needed, activates the pump 28, and adjusts the pumping speed so that the water in the liquid dispensing container 25 or
  • the detergent solution flows out to the spray head 26 via the furcation conduit 27 to form small droplets, which are sprayed toward the roller brush 22 in an emitted manner, so that the sprayed liquid falls as evenly as possible on the roller brush 22, and the rotating roller brush 22 drives the water or cleans.
  • the agent falls on the solar panel, and the panel is cleaned by the roller brush 22, which can effectively enhance the decontamination effect.
  • control system 4 issues a stop pumping control signal to the water pump 28 to turn off the water pump 28.
  • the method of judging the remaining amount of liquid in the liquid dispensing container 25 and the method of judging the remaining amount of the electric power system 5 are described in detail below.
  • the technical effect of the cleaning device 2 is that the cleaning operation of the solar panel 200 can be completed while the cleaning robot 100 is traveling, and if necessary, water or detergent can be sprayed on the panel to be processed, which can be better removed. Intractable stains.
  • the cleaning device 2 has a fast cleaning speed and good effect, and does not require manual monitoring or assistance, thereby effectively reducing labor costs.
  • the cleaning robot provided in this embodiment is applied to a slope plane such as the solar panel 200, if the liquid distribution container in the cleaning device can adopt a common cylindrical water tank or a rectangular parallelepiped water tank, no matter how the liquid discharge port is set, it cannot be guaranteed.
  • the drain is always at the lowest point of the container. At some angles, when there is less liquid in the liquid dispensing container, the liquid level may be lower than the liquid discharge port, so that part of the liquid cannot be discharged smoothly. Since some solar panels are placed at a high position, it is troublesome to replenish the cleaning robot. Therefore, the liquid inside the liquid dispensing container must be discharged as much as possible to make full use of it, so that a special shape liquid distribution needs to be designed.
  • the container 25 ensures that the liquid in the container can be sufficiently extracted regardless of the direction in which the vehicle body travels (uphill, downhill or horizontal).
  • this embodiment provides a liquid dispensing container 25 (referred to simply as a container) for dispensing liquid on a sloped plane.
  • the liquid dispensing container 25 inside the vehicle body can dispense liquid during the travel of the solar panel cleaning robot on the solar panel.
  • the main body of the liquid dispensing container 25 is a well-sealed container, which mainly includes a cylindrical portion 252 and a tapered portion 253 which are connected to each other.
  • the bottom portion of the tapered portion 253 is inverted upward under the cylindrical portion 252, and the tapered portion 253
  • the bottom surface is connected to the lower bottom surface of the cylindrical portion 252, and a liquid discharge port 251 is provided at the apex (the tip end of the cone) at the lowermost portion of the tapered portion 253.
  • the angle between the side surface of the tapered portion 253 and the bottom surface of the tapered portion 253 is greater than or equal to the angle between the slope plane 300 and the horizontal plane.
  • the solar panel 200 is the slope plane 300.
  • the liquid discharge port 251 is always at the lowest point of the liquid dispensing container 25, and the tapered portion 253
  • the angle between the side surface and the bottom surface of the tapered portion 253 is greater than or equal to the angle between the solar panel 200 and the horizontal plane, that is, the inclination angle of the solar panel 200; since the inclination angle of the solar panel 200 is generally between 10 degrees and 40 degrees, the tapered portion
  • the angle between the side surface and the bottom surface of the tapered portion should generally be between 15 and 45 degrees; since the angle between the side surface of the tapered portion and the bottom surface of the tapered portion is larger, the volume of the entire liquid dispensing container 25 is smaller.
  • a tapered portion having a suitable shape may be selected depending on the inclination of the solar panel 200, preferably 25 to 35 degrees.
  • the liquid dispensing container 25 is fixed in the vehicle body of the cleaning robot 100, and the center axis of the liquid dispensing container 25 is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the vehicle body of the cleaning robot 100.
  • the portion of the tapered portion 253 other than the liquid discharge port 251 is higher than the horizontal plane at the center of the liquid discharge port 251, ensuring that the liquid discharge port 251 is always at the lowest point of the liquid dispensing container 25.
  • the cylindrical portion 252 is a prism
  • the tapered portion 253 is a pyramid
  • the bottom surface of the pyramid is the lower bottom surface of the prism.
  • the prism is preferably a quadrangular prism
  • the pyramid is also a quadrangular pyramid; similarly, if the prism is a triangular prism, the pyramid is also a triangular pyramid.
  • the second is: as shown in FIG. 9, the cylindrical portion 252 is a cylinder, the tapered portion 253 is a cone, and the bottom surface of the cone is the lower bottom surface of the cylinder; when the space occupied by the liquid dispensing container 25 is constant, Try to increase the capacity of the container.
  • the liquid dispensing container 25 of the present invention further includes a container cover 254, a filling port 255, a filler cap body 256 and a bi-directional pressure relief valve 257.
  • the container cover 254 is fixedly mounted to the upper bottom surface of the cylindrical portion 252; the filling port 255 is disposed on the container cover 254 and penetrates the container cover 254, and the filler cap body 256 is detachably mounted to the filling Port 255 for sealing the filling port 255.
  • the two-way relief valve 257 is penetratively mounted to the filler cap body 256 for connecting the inside and the outside of the liquid dispensing container 25 so that the air pressure inside and outside the container 25 is balanced, and the liquid can be smoothly discharged from the container 25.
  • the horizontal section of the filler port 255 is circular, and the periphery of the filler port 255 is provided with a ring-shaped annular cover 258 perpendicular to the container cover 254, and the outer side of the annular cover 258 is first. Thread (not shown).
  • Filling flap 256 is a cylindrical shape, the size of which corresponds to the filling port 255, and the inner side wall of the filler cap body 256 is provided with a second thread (not shown), and the second thread is screwed onto the first thread and passes through The engagement of the first thread with the second thread causes the filler cap body 256 to be detachably coupled to the filler port 255.
  • the liquid (water or detergent) stored in the liquid dispensing container 25 is a consumable item and needs to be replenished periodically. After the liquid in the container is completely depleted, it is only necessary to unscrew the filling port cover 256 to fill the liquid dispensing container 25 with liquid (water or detergent).
  • the connection between the filler cap 256 and the filler port 255 can be further sealed with a sealing liquid or a sealing member.
  • the container cover 254 and the cylindrical portion 252 can be integrally formed or separately designed, and only the container cover 254 is required.
  • the joint with the cylindrical portion 252, the joint of the filler cap 256 and the filler port 255 may be sealed well.
  • a liquid level sensor 259 is provided in the liquid dispensing container 25 for collecting liquid level data in the liquid dispensing container 25 in real time, and the liquid level sensor 259 is a part of the control system 4.
  • the liquid level sensor 259 includes a long rod 2591 and a float sensor 2592 that is sleeved on the long rod.
  • the float sensor 2592 floats on the liquid surface in the liquid dispensing container 25, as the liquid level rises and falls. It rises or falls along the long rod 2591.
  • the long rod body 2591 is located on the axis of the innermost height of the liquid dispensing container 25, that is, the central axis of the liquid dispensing container 25, so that the float sensor 2592 can acquire as much accurate and accurate liquid level data as possible.
  • the center of the container cover 254 is provided with a connecting slot 2541.
  • the long rod 2591 passes through the connecting slot 2541 and is perpendicular to the container cover 254.
  • the upper end of the long rod 2591 is provided with a disc-shaped connector 2593 fixedly connected to the connecting slot 2541.
  • the lower end of the long rod 2591 is disposed near the liquid discharge port 251 of the tapered portion 253.
  • the lower end of the long rod 2591 is provided with a protruding annular blocking block 2594 for preventing the floating ball sensor from sliding off the long rod 2591.
  • the float sensor is coupled to other components of the control system 4 by at least one wire 2595 that passes through the interior of the elongated shaft 2591.
  • the control system 4 may send at least one pump 28 control signal to the pump 28 based on real-time level data in the liquid dispensing container 25 to initiate or stop operation of the pump 28, or to control the liquid discharge rate.
  • the technical effect of the liquid dispensing container 25 is that, regardless of whether the vehicle body 1 (or the liquid dispensing container 25) travels in any direction on the slope plane 300, the liquid discharge port 251 is always located at the lowest point of the entire container 25, so that The liquid stored in the container 25 can be completely discharged and fully utilized without occurrence of accidental leakage of the liquid or discharge of the liquid discharge port 251.
  • the liquid dispensing container 25 is a sealed container as a whole, and only the liquid discharging port 251 at the lowest point thereof can discharge the liquid. If the container has no other ventilating holes, the liquid will be difficult to be affected by the atmospheric pressure. The liquid discharge port 251 is discharged. If the filling port 255 of the container is kept open, once the pump 28 is opened, the liquid in the container is accelerated to continue to flow out, it is difficult to control the flow rate, and the liquid is volatilized from the filling port 255. To this end, the embodiment With the technical solution of providing the two-way relief valve 257 in the filler cap body 256, the pressure relief valve can be opened or closed according to the change in the air pressure above the liquid level of the liquid dispensing container 25.
  • the two-way pressure relief valve 257 is penetratively mounted to the filler cap body 256 for selectively communicating the inside and the outside of the liquid dispensing container 25.
  • the two-way pressure relief valve 257 includes a hollow valve body 2571.
  • the valve body 2571 is provided with a valve chamber 2572.
  • the valve chamber 2572 is provided with a sealing valve block 2573 and a sealing stopper 2574.
  • the valve body 2571 is designed as a one-piece cylinder, and the valve chamber 2572 is also a cylindrical sealing cavity.
  • the top of the valve body 2571 is provided with a first venting hole 2575, and the valve cavity 2572 is communicated with the outside of the container 25.
  • the bottom surface of the valve body 2571 is provided.
  • the top of the valve body 2571 of the two-way pressure relief valve 257 is sealingly connected to the filler cap body 256.
  • the valve body 2571 and the filler cap body 256 can be integrally formed to reduce the processing steps of the components, such as the configuration seal. Liquid or seals, etc.
  • This embodiment may further include a first elastic member 2577 and a second elastic member 2578; the upper end of the first elastic member 2577 is fixed to the top of the valve chamber 2572, and the lower end thereof is connected to the sealing valve block 2573; the upper end of the second elastic member 2578 is connected to
  • the sealing valve block 2573 has a lower end fixed to the bottom of the valve chamber 2572.
  • the sealing valve block 2573 is slidably mounted in the valve chamber 2572, the sealing block 2574 protrudes from the middle of the side wall of the valve chamber 2572, and the inner side wall of the valve chamber 2572 is a smooth side wall; the sealing valve block 2573 is in the first elastic member 2577,
  • the second elastic member 2578 cooperates to slide up or down.
  • the air pressure above the sealing valve block 2573 is air atmospheric pressure
  • the air pressure below the sealing valve block 2573 is the air pressure above the liquid level of the container 25.
  • the sealing valve block 2573 may include an upper section, a middle section, and a lower section, all of which are cylindrical in shape.
  • the sealing valve block 2573 includes an annular shoulder 2579 protruding from the middle of the side wall of the sealing valve block.
  • the annular shoulder portion 2579 is a middle portion, and the upper and lower sections are uniform in size.
  • the diameter of the bottom surface of the annular shoulder portion 2579 (middle section) is larger than that of the upper section and the lower section.
  • the bottom surface of the annular shoulder 2579 is tangential to the outer side wall of the sealing block 2574 and the inner side wall of the valve chamber 2572.
  • the upper side (upper section) of the annular shoulder 2579 is connected to the first elastic member 2577, and the lower side (lower section) of the annular shoulder 2579 is connected to the second elastic member.
  • the first elastic member 2577 and the second elastic member 2578 are preferably a spring, and other elastic members may be selected.
  • the air pressure above the liquid level of the liquid dispensing container 25 is the same as the external atmospheric pressure, and the first elastic member 2577 and the second elastic member 2578 are not deformed or deformed small, and the sealing valve block 2573 is under stress balance.
  • the sidewall of the widest portion (annular shoulder) of the sealing valve block 2573 is tangent to the side wall of the sealing block 2574 and the inner side wall of the valve chamber 2572, and the sealing valve block 2573 and the sealing stopper 2574 will centrally define the valve chamber 2572.
  • the upper portion of the valve chamber 2572 is sealed from the lower portion of the valve chamber 2572 and cannot be connected.
  • the cleaning device 2 operates normally, the water pump 28 draws the liquid, the air pressure above the liquid surface in the liquid dispensing container 25 becomes smaller, and the air pressure in the liquid dispensing container 25 is smaller than the atmospheric pressure outside, and is dense.
  • the air pressure difference is generated on the upper and lower sides of the sealing valve block 2573.
  • the atmospheric pressure overcomes the elastic force of the two elastic members 2577, 2578 and the gravity of the sealing valve block 2573, so that the sealing valve block 2573 slides downward, and the annular shoulder portion 2579 is separated from the sealing stopper 2574.
  • An air passage is formed between the annular shoulder 2579 and the inner side wall of the valve chamber 2572, and the outside air enters the liquid dispensing container 25 by the passage under the influence of the air pressure.
  • the air pressure above the liquid level in the liquid dispensing container 25 is equal to the outside atmospheric pressure (the air pressure difference is zero) or tends to be equal (the air pressure difference is small)
  • the air pressure inside and outside the liquid dispensing container 25 reaches a new balance, in the elastic member 2577, Under the elastic force of 2578, the sealing valve block gradually slides upward to achieve the reset, and the side wall of the annular shoulder 2579 is tangential to the side wall of the sealing block 2574 and the inner side wall of the valve chamber 2572, and the air passage is closed.
  • the pump 28 continuously draws liquid, and the above process also occurs repeatedly.
  • the cleaning device is stopped, or when the liquid level in the liquid dispensing container 25 drops to a certain threshold, or when the remaining amount of the electric power system 5 falls to a certain threshold, the water pump 28 is turned off by the control system 4, and the liquid is stopped.
  • the cleaning robot 100 is in a stationary state, the cleaning device 2 is stopped, and since the cleaning robot 100 is placed on the solar panel 200 and is continuously exposed to direct sunlight for a long period of time, the temperature of the liquid and air in the liquid dispensing container 25 may rise. Due to the physical phenomenon of thermal expansion and contraction, the air pressure in the liquid dispensing container 25 is greater than the external atmospheric pressure, and the air pressure difference is generated between the upper and lower sides of the sealing valve block 2572, so that the sealing valve block 2573 slides upward, and the annular shoulder 2579 is separated from the sealing stopper 2574. An air passage is formed between the annular shoulder 2579 and the inner side wall of the valve chamber 2572, and the outside air enters the liquid dispensing container 25 by the passage under the influence of the air pressure.
  • the air pressure inside and outside the liquid dispensing container 25 reaches a new balance, in the elastic member 2577, Under the elastic force of 2578, the sealing valve block 2573 gradually slides downward to realize the reset, and the side wall of the annular shoulder 2579 is tangential to the side wall of the sealing block 2574 and the inner side wall of the valve chamber 2572, and the air passage is closed.
  • the liquid dispensing container 25 is placed in the sun for a long time, and the above process may occur repeatedly, and the gas pressure inside the container 25 is released in time to avoid a safety accident.
  • the technical effect of the two-way pressure relief valve 257 is to ensure that the air pressure inside and outside the liquid dispensing container 25 is maintained as balanced as possible, so that the water pump 28 can normally draw liquid from the liquid dispensing container 25 or release the gas pressure inside the container in time to avoid A safety incident has occurred.
  • the power system 3 is disposed at the bottom of the vehicle body 1 for driving the vehicle body 1 to travel, including a left front wheel 31, a right front wheel 32, and a left rear.
  • the left front wheel 31 is mounted on the left side of the front portion of the bottom surface of the vehicle body, and includes a left front wheel hub 311 and a left front wheel axle 312.
  • the left front wheel axle 312 is disposed at the center of the left front hub 311; the right front wheel 32 is mounted at the bottom of the vehicle body.
  • pack A right front hub 321 and a right front axle 322 are disposed on the right side of the front.
  • the right front axle 322 is disposed at the center of the right front hub 321;
  • the left rear wheel 33 is mounted to the left side of the rear of the vehicle body bottom surface, and includes a left rear hub 331 and a left rear axle 332 (not shown), the left rear hub 331 and the left front hub 311 are disposed on the same straight line, the left rear axle is disposed at the center of the left rear hub 331;
  • the right rear wheel 34 is mounted to the right of the rear of the vehicle bottom surface
  • the side includes a right rear hub 341 and a right rear axle (not shown), and the right rear hub 341 and the right front hub 321 are disposed on the same line; the right rear axle is disposed at the center of the right rear hub 341.
  • the right rear axle is directly coupled or coupled to the left rear axle by a transmission (not shown).
  • the left drive motor 35 and the right drive motor 36 are fixedly coupled to the vehicle body 1 by a fixing device, connected to the power system 5 through at least one wire, and connected to the control system 4 through at least one signal line.
  • the left drive motor 35 is directly connected or connected to the left front axle 312 via a transmission (not shown), and the right drive motor 36 is directly connected or connected to the right front axle 322 via a transmission (not shown).
  • the two crawler belts 37 are each a flexible link, wherein one crawler belt 37 is wrapped around the annular front side wall of the left front hub 311 and the left rear hub 331; the other crawler belt 37 is wrapped around the annular side of the right front hub 321 and the right rear hub 341. Outside the wall.
  • Each crawler belt 37 is provided with a crawler outer casing 371 for protecting the crawler belt and the hub to prevent debris from entering the crawler belt or the hub and affecting the normal running of the vehicle body 1.
  • control system 4 sends at least one travel control signal to the left drive motor 35 and the right drive motor 36 according to the optimized path planned in advance, so that the left drive motor 35 and the right drive motor 36 synchronously adjust the left front wheel 31 and the right front.
  • the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the wheel 32 further adjust the traveling direction and the traveling speed of the vehicle body 1, so that the vehicle body can perform straight-line, calibration, 90-degree turn, U-turn (turning head) and the like.
  • the control system 4 When the vehicle body is required to advance linearly, the control system 4 simultaneously issues a linear travel control command to the left drive motor 35 and the right drive motor 36, and the control command includes the same motor speed (for example, the rotational speeds of the left drive motor and the right drive motor are both 60 rev / min) and the direction of rotation of the drive motor shaft (such as the left drive motor clockwise rotation, the right drive motor counterclockwise rotation), this will drive the left front wheel 31, the right front wheel 32 synchronously forward, left rear wheel 33.
  • the right rear wheel 34 is a driven wheel, and is also rotated forward in synchronization with the left front wheel 31 and the right front wheel 32 under the driving of the crawler belt 37, so that the entire vehicle body 1 advances.
  • the control system 4 When the vehicle body 1 is required to be deflected to the right, the control system 4 simultaneously issues a calibration travel control command to the left drive motor 35 and the right drive motor 36, and the motor speed in the control command received by the left drive motor 35 is higher than that of the right drive motor 36.
  • the motor speed in the received control command is too large, and the difference in the speed depends on the deviation angle that needs to be adjusted. The smaller the deviation angle, the smaller the speed difference.
  • the motor speed in the control command received by the left drive motor 35 is smaller than the motor speed in the control command received by the right drive motor 36.
  • the control system 4 calculates the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the left drive motor 35 and the right drive motor 36 according to the preset turning radius. If the turning radius is large, the driving direction of the driving motor can be Conversely (one clockwise, one counterclockwise), the left front wheel 31 and the right front wheel 32 rotate synchronously forward, or set to one wheel to stop rotating, thereby achieving the effect of turning in the middle; if the turning radius is small or turning in place
  • the rotation directions of the left driving motor 35 and the right driving motor 36 may be designed to be the same, either clockwise or counterclockwise, such that the left front wheel 31 and the right front wheel 32 will rotate forward and backward.
  • One side of the vehicle body 1 is advanced, and the other side is retracted, thereby forming an effect of turning a small radius or turning in place.
  • the control system 4 calculates the rotational speed and the rotational direction of the left drive motor 35 and the right drive motor 36 according to the magnitude of the preset turning radius.
  • the turning radius is equivalent to half of the width of the vehicle body, and the front wheel on the inside of the turning stops rotating or rotates at a very slow speed (if the U-turn is leftward, the left front wheel stops rotating; When the U-turn is performed right, the right front wheel stops rotating.
  • the vehicle body 1 is first controlled to make a 90 degree turn to the left or right in the original position, and then the vehicle body is controlled to move forward. Driving a body width distance, and finally controlling the car body to make a 90-degree turn to the left or right in the original position, which can realize the U-turn to the left or right, and the U-shaped turn just after driving in the same lane In the adjacent lane, the space in which the robot of the embodiment travels can achieve the effect of no repetition and no dead angle.
  • the power system 3 further includes at least one hub gear teeth 38 uniformly disposed on the outer side surfaces of the left side of the left front hub 311, the left rear hub 331, the right front hub 321, and the right rear hub 341; and at least one crawler inner tooth 372 disposed uniformly The inner side wall surface of the crawler belt 37, the crawler inner teeth 372 are engaged with the hub gear teeth 38, ensuring that the track 37 can be engaged with the two hubs for normal use when the two front wheels 31, 32 are rotated.
  • the power system 3 further includes at least one anti-slip block 373 protruding from the outer side walls of the two crawler belts 37, and the anti-slip blocks 373 can be arranged in an ordered array, evenly distributed over the entire crawler belt. 37.
  • the vehicle body 1 of the present embodiment adopts a crawler type structure, and an anti-slip block 373 is attached to the outer wall of the crawler belt in order to increase the friction coefficient, enhance the grip force, and prevent the vehicle body 1 from slipping during travel.
  • At least one anti-slip pattern may be disposed on the crawler belt 37 of the embodiment, and is recessed on the outer side walls of the two crawler belts, and is evenly distributed on the entire crawler belt, and the effect is the same as that of the anti-slip block.
  • the technical effect of the power system 3 is that the crawler and the anti-skid block structure enable the body of the cleaning robot to move freely on the solar panel without slipping; the left and right front wheels are separately driven by the dual motors, and the vehicle body can be The precise travel control allows the vehicle body to flexibly adjust the direction of travel and achieve in-situ turns as needed, maximizing the coverage of the travel path.
  • the power system 3 further includes two track tensioning devices 39, each of which is disposed within a track 37.
  • the track After the track is installed, it has a certain degree of slack, so the flexible link needs to be tensioned to ensure that the track can advance normally.
  • an inducing wheel is installed in front of the crawler belt, a separating mechanism and two scroll bars are arranged on the inducing wheel, and tensioning is achieved by adjusting the separating mechanism and the worm.
  • the mode and structure of this adjustment is cumbersome and can only be adjusted once and can not be adjusted in real time during the crawler operation.
  • the present embodiment provides the following three kinds of crawler tensioning devices.
  • the first crawler tensioning device 39 includes an upper tensioning portion 391, a lower pressing portion 392, and an elastic supporting portion 393.
  • the track 37 is a flexible link with evenly distributed track internal teeth 372 on its inner side.
  • the track 37 includes an upper belt 374 and a lower belt 375; the upper belt 374 is the upper portion of the track 37, the lower belt 375 is the lower portion of the track 37, and the upper surface of the upper belt 374 and the upper surface of the lower belt 375 are provided with at least one track inner tooth 372. .
  • the upper end of the upper tensioning portion 391 is tangentially or meshed with the lower surface of the upper belt 374 for tensioning the upper belt 374.
  • the upper tensioning portion 391 is slidably or rollingly coupled to the upper belt 374.
  • the lower end of the lower pressing portion is tangent to the upper surface of the lower belt 375 for pressing the lower belt 375; one end of the elastic supporting portion 393 is connected to the upper tensioning portion 391, and the other end is connected to the lower pressing portion 392 for supporting the The tensioning portion and the lower pressing portion are described.
  • the track tensioning device 39 may include two track side plates 394 respectively disposed on both sides of the track 37, and the two track side plates 394 may be coupled together by a track top plate 395 to form an integrated track.
  • the outer casing 371, the crawler outer casing 371 is fixedly coupled to the axle of the vehicle body 1 by at least one bolt.
  • At least one vertical waist hole 396 is provided in the upper portion of each track side panel 394.
  • the track tensioning device 39 further includes at least one mounting shaft 397, the two ends of which are vertically slidably disposed in the two opposite waist holes 396, and the two waist holes 396 are respectively located on the two track side plates 394.
  • the mounting shaft 397 and the components mounted on the mounting shaft 397 can be moved up and down within a range limited by the waist hole 396.
  • the track tensioning device 39 may further include only one track side plate 394 disposed on the outer side of the robot crawler belt 37; the upper portion of the track side plate is provided with at least one waist hole of a vertical type, and the mounting shaft 397 has only one end sliding up and down.
  • a waist hole 396 In a waist hole 396.
  • the mounting shaft 397 includes at least one gear mounting shaft 3971 and at least one transmission wheel mounting shaft 3972; the gear mounting shaft 3971 is parallel with the transmission wheel mounting shaft 3972, and the gear mounting shaft 3971 is located above the middle of the two transmission wheel mounting shafts 3972.
  • a gear mounting shaft 3971 and two transmission wheel mounting shafts 3972 are preferred, and the gear mounting shaft 3971 and the two transmission wheel mounting shafts 3972 are arranged in a "shape" shape.
  • the upper tensioning portion 391 includes a "V" shaped frame 3911, at least one tight driving wheel 3912, and at least one tensioning gear 3913.
  • a tensioning gear 3913 and two tensioning transmission wheels 3912 are preferred, and the tensioning gear is tensioned.
  • the 3913 and the two tensioning transmission wheels 312 are arranged in a "pin" shape.
  • the two ends of the upper portion of the "V” frame 3911 are respectively provided with a transmission wheel mounting shaft 3972;
  • the "V" frame 3911 includes two “V” shaped flat plates 3914 and two beams 3915 which are disposed in parallel with each other, and the ends of each of the beams 3915 They are fixedly connected to two "V” shaped flat plates 3914, respectively;
  • the drive wheel mounting shaft 3972 is perpendicular to the "V” shaped flat plate 3914.
  • the gear mounting shaft 3971 is disposed above the "V" frame 3911, opposite the center of the two transmission wheel mounting shafts 3972.
  • the lower end of the "V" frame 3911 is coupled to the elastic support portion 393.
  • the tensioning transmission wheel 3912 is mounted to the transmission wheel mounting shaft 3972 via a rolling bearing (not shown); each of the tightening gears is mounted to a gear mounting shaft 3971 through a rolling bearing (not shown), the upper end and the upper end thereof The lower surface of the belt 374 is engaged.
  • Two tensioning transmission wheels 3912 are disposed below both sides of the tensioning gear 3913.
  • the tensioning transmission wheel 3912 is tangential or meshed with the tensioning gear 3913, and the two can realize the transmission; the tensioning gear 3913 and the tensioning transmission wheel 3912 can have a gear surface or a gearless surface, and if there is a gear surface, The two mesh, if there is no gear surface, the two are tangent.
  • the tensioning gear 3913 is a double spur gear, specifically including two cylindrical gears 3916 and a cylindrical linkage portion 3917.
  • Two cylindrical gears 3916 are meshed with the lower surface of the upper transmission belt 374; a cylindrical linkage portion 3917 is disposed between the two spur gears 3916; the two spur gears 3916 have the same diameter; the linkage portion 3917 is smaller in diameter than the spur gear 3916, each of which The tight drive wheel 3912 is tangent to the linkage of the tensioning gear 3913.
  • the lower pressing portion 392 is at least one tensioning plate 3921, preferably two, and the tensioning plate 3921 is tangent to the upper surface of the lower belt 375;
  • the elastic supporting portion 393 includes a " ⁇ "-shaped elastic member 3931 at an upper corner thereof. It is connected to the lower end of the upper pressing portion 391, that is, the corner of the lower portion of the "V" shaped frame 3911; the lower ends of the lower portion are respectively connected to the lower pressing portion 392, that is, a pressing plate 3921.
  • An arc-shaped hole is formed at a corner of the lower end of the "V"-shaped frame 3911, and an upper corner of the " ⁇ "-shaped elastic member 3931 is half-rounded; an upper portion of the " ⁇ "-shaped elastic member 3931 having a half-rounded corner is connected thereto.
  • the two ends of the lower portion of the " ⁇ "-shaped elastic member 3931 are respectively connected with a circular shackle, which are respectively connected to the two lower pressing portions 392, that is, the upper surface of the tensioning plate 3921; specifically, each pressing plate 3921
  • the surface is provided with a groove, and a pressing plate 3921 is connected to the shaft in the groove, and each circular shackle is correspondingly connected to a connecting plate of the pressing plate 3921.
  • the crawler belt 37 is a flexible link
  • the inner teeth of the inner surface of the crawler belt are front and rear.
  • the hub side walls are engaged, and the tensioning gear 3913 is also engaged with the lower surface of the upper belt 374.
  • the tensioning gear 3913 is rotated.
  • the " ⁇ "-shaped elastic member 3931 Before the above components are assembled together, the " ⁇ "-shaped elastic member 3931 has a small opening angle without deformation; after assembling the above-mentioned components, the " ⁇ "-shaped elastic member is deformed, and the angle of opening is opened. Increased so that the track 37 is in tension. At this time, the " ⁇ "-shaped elastic member has a tendency to restore the original shape (the state in which the opening angle is small).
  • the crawler belt 37 acts on the tensioning gear 3913 to drive the tensioning gear 3913 to rotate, which is equivalent to the force of the crawler belt 3931, which generates a downward component force and pushes the tensioning gear 3913.
  • the tensioning transmission wheel 3912 Moving downward along the waist hole 396, at this time, the tensioning transmission wheel 3912 is tangent to the tensioning gear 3913, and is moved downward by the action of the tensioning gear 3913 to further compress the " ⁇ "-shaped elastic member 3931.
  • the opening angle of the " ⁇ "-shaped elastic member 3931 continues to increase, and the deformation of the " ⁇ "-shaped elastic member 3931 is increased, and the generated elastic force is further increased.
  • the elastic supporting portion 393 can adjust the tensioning force in real time, reducing the rigid friction between the components, and contributing to enhancing the service life of the component.
  • the present embodiment further provides a second type of crawler tensioning device, most of which is the same as the first type of crawler device, and the distinguishing feature is that in the second crawler tensioning device, the mounting shaft is only
  • the at least one gear mounting shaft 3971 is included without the drive wheel mounting shaft 3972, preferably two parallel-arranged gear mounting shafts 3971.
  • the upper tensioning portion 391 includes a "V" shaped frame and at least one tensioning gear 3913. In this embodiment, two tensioning gears 3913 are preferred, and the two tensioning gears 3913 are arranged in a line.
  • the two ends of the upper portion of the "V" frame 3911 are respectively provided with a gear mounting shaft 3971, and the gear mounting shaft 3971 is perpendicular to the "V" shaped flat plate 3914.
  • the lower pressing portion 392 is at least one pressing plate 3921 which is tangent to the upper surface of the lower driving belt 375.
  • the elastic support portion 393 is a spring or a plurality of springs, and may also be a rubber pad, one end of which is connected to the lower end of the upper tensioning portion 391, that is, the corner of the lower portion of the "V" shaped frame 3911, and the other end of which is connected to The pressing portion 392 is pressed, that is, the pressing plate 3921 is tensioned.
  • the second crawler tensioning device has a relatively simple structure and a low cost, but the tensioning effect is slightly poor, and the material of the elastic supporting portion 393 is required to be high; the working principle is similar to that of the first type of crawler tensioning device, and will not be described herein. .
  • the third embodiment of the present invention provides a third type of crawler tensioning device.
  • the upper tensioning portion 391 includes at least one pinch gear 3913.
  • one of each of the pinion gears 3913 is mounted to a gear mounting shaft 3971 via a rolling bearing;
  • the third type of track tensioning device further includes a gear carrier 398 for replacing the "V" frame with a gear mounted on the upper end thereof.
  • the lower pressing portion 392 is at least one pressing plate 3921.
  • the elastic supporting portion 393 is a spring or a plurality of springs.
  • the rubber supporting portion is also a rubber pad.
  • the third crawler tensioning device has a relatively simple structure and a low cost, but the tensioning effect is slightly poor, and the material requirements of the elastic supporting portion 393 and the gear bracket 398 are relatively high; the working principle is similar to that of the second crawler tensioning device. I will not repeat them here.
  • the technical effect of the crawler tensioning device is to adopt a "sliding assembly design", that is, an elastic support portion 393 is installed between the upper tensioning portion 391 and the lower pressing portion 392 through the waist hole.
  • Realizing the up-and-down sliding of the tensioning device has achieved the purpose of real-time adjustment; this adjustment is a flexible adjustment, which is a real-time adjustment according to the operation of the crawler belt itself, which can improve the wear of the rigidly adjusted components and reduce the friction between the components.
  • the control system 4 includes a data collection unit 41, a processor 42, and at least one storage unit 43.
  • the data collecting unit 41 includes a plurality of sensors for collecting at least one operating parameter during the traveling of the vehicle body 1; the processor 42 is connected to the data collecting unit 41, and sends at least one traveling control command to the power system 3 according to the working parameter. At least one cleaning control command is issued to the cleaning device 2 according to the operating parameter.
  • the storage unit 43 is connected to the processor 42 for storing the operating parameters of the vehicle body 1 traveling and other parameters calculated or set in advance.
  • the working parameters include real-time acceleration data of the vehicle body 1, real-time traveling direction data, real-time liquid level data of the liquid distribution container, distance between each distance sensor and the solar panel, and images in front of the vehicle body.
  • Other parameters pre-calculated or set include various work data preset by the worker, such as a pre-calculated and planned cleaning robot travel path (optimized path), and a liquid level data alarm threshold in the liquid dispensing container 25 (when the threshold is reached) , alarm unit alarm), liquid level data shutdown threshold (when this threshold is reached, the pump 28 stops running), and so on.
  • the staff pre-records the planned optimization path into the control system 4 to provide path navigation for the cleaning robot body.
  • the control system 4 performs calculation and planning according to the optimized path, and will start, when to stop, and when to go straight.
  • Control information such as when driving, when to turn 90 degrees to the left or right, when to turn left or right 90 degrees, and send it to the power system in various control commands to control the vehicle body while traveling. action.
  • the present embodiment provides the following technical solutions.
  • the data acquisition unit 41 includes at least one acceleration sensor 411 for acquiring acceleration data of the robot 100 (or the vehicle body 1) in real time; the acceleration sensor 411 is connected to the processor 42 to transmit the acceleration data of the vehicle body 1 To the processor 42, the processor 42 analyzes the dynamic acceleration data, and can analyze the direction of the force and the direction of travel of the vehicle body during the running of the vehicle body.
  • the processor 42 establishes a three-dimensional coordinate system of the acceleration data of the robot 100 and decomposes the calculation, defines a traveling direction of the robot 100 as a positive direction of the Y-axis, and defines a direction perpendicular to the plane of the slope as a Z-axis direction; the X-axis and the Y-axis The plane in which the shaft lies is parallel to the plane of the slope.
  • the processor issues at least one direction adjustment command to the power system 3, so that the vehicle body 1 returns to its original position. On the straight line route; if there is no deviation, the processor 42 determines that the vehicle body 1 is traveling straight.
  • the magnetic sensor technology may be used to determine that the acceleration sensor finds a deviation from the route, and the determination is again performed, that is, the magnetic sensor secondary determination.
  • the data acquisition unit 41 may further include a magnetic sensor 412 coupled to the processor 42, which measures the magnetic field strength to measure physical parameters such as current, position, direction, and the like.
  • the magnetic sensor 412 is configured to collect the traveling direction data in real time, and compare it with the standard traveling direction preset according to the optimized path data to determine whether the vehicle body is traveling straight or not, so that the vehicle body is traveling straight. More precise.
  • the present embodiment provides a method for determining the straight-line driving of the cleaning robot 100 on the slope plane 300, which may include the following Each step. Since the solar panel is a slope plane, the present determination method can be used to determine whether the solar panel cleaning robot is traveling straight.
  • Step S1 As shown in FIG. 22, a three-dimensional coordinate system is established on the robot, and the traveling direction of the robot is defined as a positive direction of the Y-axis, and a direction perpendicular to the plane of the slope is defined as a Z-axis direction; the X-axis and The plane in which the Y axis is located is parallel to the plane of the slope.
  • Step S2) defines standard deviation vectors g xs0 , g ys0 , g zs0 of the gravitational acceleration g in three directions of the three-dimensional coordinate system when the traveling direction of the robot is Ts.
  • Step S3) generating a standard direction parameter library; specifically comprising the steps of: step S31) controlling the robot to perform a uniform circular motion along a predetermined circular path on the slope plane, and the angular velocity of the uniform circular motion is 0.1 to 1.0 degrees / second; step S32) of the robot in a circular motion, the direction of separation of at least a set of standard parameter every predetermined time t 0 and time acquisition record, the time interval t 0 0.1 to 5.0 seconds;
  • Each set of standard direction parameters includes a traveling direction Ts of the robot and standard component vectors g xs0 , g ys0 , g zs0 corresponding to the traveling direction; and step S33) generating a standard direction parameter library according to at least one set of standard direction parameters .
  • the robot 100 completes a uniform circular motion on the slope plane 300, which takes about 3600 seconds, and collects the traveling direction Ts of the robot every 1 second and the corresponding
  • the acceleration standard is divided into vectors g xs0 , g ys0 , g zs0 , so that 3600 sets of parameters in different directions can be obtained and recorded as 3600 sets of standard direction parameters.
  • Step S4) controlling the robot to travel straight in any direction Tm along the predetermined straight line radial direction on the slope plane.
  • Step S5) Retrieving the standard component vectors g xm0 , g ym0 , g zm0 data corresponding to the traveling direction Tm from the standard direction parameter library.
  • Step S8) determining whether the robot is traveling along a preset straight path; when g xd is equal to 0, determining that the robot travels along a preset straight path, returning to step S6); when g xd is not equal to 0, It is determined that the robot deviates from a preset straight path.
  • determining whether the robot is traveling straight is essentially determining whether the robot has a slight deviation to the left or right with respect to the straight travel route, and therefore only needs to determine the real-time score of the gravitational acceleration g in the X-axis direction.
  • g xd g xm1 -g xm0 is positive or negative is judged to deviate to the left or to the vector difference according to points Deviate to the right.
  • the embodiment further provides another method for determining the linear travel of the robot on the slope plane, Step S8) after determining that the robot deviates from the preset straight path, the method may further include the following steps: step S9) acquiring a real-time traveling direction Tn by using a magnetic sensor; and step S10) comparing the real-time traveling direction Tn with the traveling direction Tm If the two are consistent, it is determined that the robot travels along a preset straight path, and returns to step S6); if the two are inconsistent, it is determined that the robot deviates from the preset straight path. In the case where the previous determination of the robot deviates from the straight path, the second determination is made to avoid an accident, so that the judgment result is more accurate.
  • the embodiment provides a linear travel control method for the robot on the slope plane, which may include the following steps.
  • Step S11) determining whether a robot travels along a preset straight path according to the linear traveling determination method of the robot on the slope plane according to steps S1)-S8) or steps S1)-S10) in the foregoing; if the robot deviates The preset straight path is performed in step S12).
  • Step S12) controlling the robot to deflect in the Tm direction during running; specifically comprising the steps of: step S121) retrieving the actual traveling direction Tn corresponding to the real-time direction parameter in the standard direction parameter library; and calculating in step S122)
  • the robot needs an adjusted yaw direction and a yaw angle; the yaw angle is an angle between the actual traveling direction Tn and the preset traveling direction Tm; step S123) according to the yaw direction and the yaw angle that the robot needs to adjust,
  • a direction adjustment command is issued to the power system 3 to control the robot to deflect to the left or to the right.
  • Step S13 controlling the robot to travel straight along the Tm direction on the slope plane; returning to step S11).
  • the determination method that the robot travels straight on the slope plane can quickly judge according to a set of acceleration data (and magnetic sensor data) in a very short time. Whether the vehicle body is traveling straight on the slope; since the acceleration sensor can collect data in real time, a set of data is collected at regular intervals; therefore, the above determination process is also periodically determined once every other time. Whenever the robot (body) is found to be on the slope plane and deviates from the straight line, it can be determined that the robot has deviated.
  • control method for the robot to travel straight on the slope plane is based on the aforementioned linear traveling determination technique of the robot on the slope plane, and after confirming that the robot has deviated, the robot is adjusted for the first time.
  • the direction of travel is such that it returns to the path in the original direction.
  • the determination method of the robot traveling straight on the slope plane is used in conjunction with the control method of the robot traveling straight on the slope plane, thereby ensuring that the cleaning robot does not deviate during straight running, thereby ensuring
  • the cleaning robot can travel the entire sun in the shortest time along the preset optimized navigation path.
  • the panel can clean the entire solar panel quickly and well.
  • the optimized navigation path of the robot on a rectangular slope can be easily planned and calculated. How to make the robot can travel along a preset optimized navigation path, this embodiment provides a series of The control scheme and the navigation method, the navigation method refers to a control method that causes the robot to travel along the navigation path.
  • the data collection unit 41 may further include at least one distance sensor 413, including but not limited to an ultrasonic sensor and an optical pulse sensor.
  • the distance sensor 413 is disposed at the outer edge of the robot 100 (vehicle body 1), specifically, at the four corners of the vehicle body 1 (body 11), as shown in FIG. 2, when the robot 100 is on a rectangular slope When traveling, the front end of the distance sensor 413 faces the rectangular slope direction.
  • the distance sensor 413 is connected to the processor 42; the distance data of the distance sensor 413 and the rectangular slope is collected in real time; the processor 42 determines whether the vehicle body 1 is located on the rectangular slope according to the distance data of the distance sensor 413 and the rectangular slope. At the edge or at the corner.
  • the number of distance sensors 413 is four, respectively disposed at four corners of the robot (vehicle body); when only two distance sensors 413 can collect the distance data, the processor 42 determines the robot ( The vehicle body is located at the edge of the rectangular slope 300 and issues at least one steering command (U-turn) to the power system 3; when only one distance sensor collects the distance data, the processor determines that the robot (body) is located At a corner of the rectangular ramp 300, at least one steering command (90 degree turn or U-turn) is issued to the powertrain 3.
  • the four distance sensors 413 can also be respectively disposed in the middle of each side of the vehicle body 1.
  • the processor finds that the distance sensor 413 on one side cannot collect the distance data, it can be judged that the side is located on the rectangular slope. At the edge; if two adjacent sides are located at the edge of the rectangular slope, it can be judged that the vehicle body 1 is located at a certain corner of the solar panel 200.
  • the number of distance sensors 413 may also be eight, which are respectively disposed at four corners of the vehicle body 1 or in the middle of the four sides of the vehicle body 1.
  • the control system 4 may further include a counter 414 for calculating a corner passing by the vehicle body 1 in the slope plane.
  • a counter 414 for calculating a corner passing by the vehicle body 1 in the slope plane.
  • the processor 42 determines that the vehicle body reaches a certain corner, the counter is at the counter. Add one.
  • the processor 42 can clearly know the order (the first few corners) of the corners at which the vehicle body 1 arrives by the technical result fed back by the counter 414.
  • the worker inputs the planned optimization path to the memory of the control system 4 in advance, and the processor sends control commands to the power system 3 according to the navigation path and the real-time position of the robot (vehicle body), including starting, stopping, and going straight.
  • a path navigation method for four types of robots traveling on a rectangular slope is disclosed, and the details thereof are as follows.
  • the solar panel is also a rectangular slope, and the driving path navigation method of the cleaning robot on the solar panel is also applicable to the path navigation method of the robot traveling on a rectangular slope as described below.
  • the path navigation method of the first type of robot traveling on a rectangular slope disclosed in the embodiment includes the following steps: step S101) setting a lower left corner of the rectangular slope as a navigation starting point; and step S102) controlling the robot from the The navigation starting point is traveling straight to the upper left corner of the rectangular slope; step S103) detecting whether the robot travels to the first corner of the rectangular slope in real time; if the robot does not reach the first corner, returning to step S102); If the robot reaches the first corner, control the robot to turn to the right by 90 degrees; step S104) control the robot to travel straight; step S105) detect in real time whether the robot travels to the second corner of the rectangular slope If the robot does not reach the second corner, return to step S104); if the robot reaches the second corner, control the robot to perform U-turn to the right; step S106) detect whether the robot is traveling in real time.
  • step S107) detecting in real time whether the robot travels to the edge of the rectangular slope if the robot reaches the rectangular slope At an edge; controlling the robot to perform a U-turn to the left; step S108) detecting in real time whether the robot travels to a third corner of the rectangular slope; if the robot does not reach the third corner, controlling the The robot travels straight; if the robot reaches the third corner, detecting whether the robot travels to the fourth corner of the rectangular slope in real time; if the robot does not reach the fourth corner, controlling the robot to travel straight And if the robot reaches the fourth corner, controlling the robot to stop driving
  • the robot using the first path navigation method can have many kinds of travel paths on a rectangular slope. Since the length and width of the rectangular slope are different from the length and width of the robot, the length of the robot travel path is also different. The position where the robot stops driving is also different (stop in the lower left or lower right corner). Two possible travel paths for the robot 100 to travel on the rectangular ramp 300 using the first path navigation method are shown in FIGS. 23 and 24.
  • the traveling method of the second type of robot on the rectangular slope disclosed in the embodiment includes the following steps: step S201) setting a lower right corner of the rectangular slope as a navigation starting point; and step S202) controlling the robot from the navigation Starting point traveling straight to the upper right corner of the rectangular slope; step S203) detecting whether the robot travels to the first corner of the rectangular slope in real time; if the robot does not reach the first corner, returning to step S202); The robot reaches the first corner, controls the robot to turn to the left by 90 degrees; step S204) controls the robot to travel straight; step S205) detects in real time whether the robot travels to the second corner of the rectangular slope; If the robot does not reach the second corner, return to step S204); if the robot reaches the second corner, control the robot to perform U-turn to the left; step S206) detect in real time whether the robot travels to a third corner of the rectangular slope; if the robot does not reach the third corner, controlling the robot to travel straight; if the robot reaches the third corner, controlling the robot
  • the robot using the second path navigation method can have a variety of travel paths on a rectangular slope. Since the length and width of the rectangular slope are different from the length and width of the robot, the length of the robot travel path is also different. The position where the robot stops driving is also different (stop in the lower left or lower right corner). Two possible travel paths for the robot 100 to travel on the rectangular ramp 300 using the second path navigation method are shown in FIGS. 25 and 26.
  • the navigation method of the third type of robot on the rectangular slope disclosed in the embodiment includes the following steps: step S301) setting a lower left corner of the rectangular slope as a navigation starting point; and step S302) controlling the robot from the navigation Starting point is straight to the upper left corner of the rectangular slope; step S303) detecting whether the robot travels to the first corner of the rectangular slope in real time; if the robot does not reach the first corner, returning to step S302); The robot reaches the first corner, and controls the robot to perform U-turn to the right; step S304) detects in real time whether the robot travels to the second corner of the rectangular slope; if the robot does not reach the first Two corners, controlling the robot to travel straight; if the robot reaches the second corner, controlling the robot to travel straight, and detecting in real time whether the robot travels to a third corner of the rectangular slope; Not reaching the third corner, controlling the robot to travel straight; if the robot reaches the third corner, controlling the Stopping the driving; step S305) detecting in real time whether the robot travels
  • Step S307 detecting in real time whether the robot travels to the edge of the rectangular slope if the robot reaches an edge of the rectangular slope; controlling the robot to perform U-turn to the right; returning to step S304).
  • the robot using the third path navigation method can have a variety of travel paths on a rectangular slope. Since the length and width of the rectangular slope are different from the length and width of the robot, the length of the robot travel path is also different. The position where the robot stops driving is also different (stop in the lower left or lower right corner). 27 and 28 show two possible driving paths for the robot 100 to travel on the rectangular slope 300 using the third path navigation method.
  • the fourth type robot traveling path navigation method on the rectangular slope disclosed in the embodiment includes the following steps: step S401) setting a lower right corner of the rectangular slope as a navigation starting point; and step S402) controlling the robot from the navigation Starting point is straight to the upper right corner of the rectangular slope; step S403) detecting whether the robot travels to the first corner of the rectangular slope in real time; if the robot does not reach the first corner, returning to step S402); The robot reaches the first corner, and controls the robot to perform a U-turn to the left; step S404) detects in real time whether the robot travels to a second corner of the rectangular slope; if the robot does not reach the first Two corners, controlling the robot to travel straight; if the robot reaches the second corner, controlling the robot to travel straight, and detecting in real time whether the robot travels to a third corner of the rectangular slope; Not reaching the third corner, controlling the robot to travel straight; if the robot reaches the third corner, controlling the Stopping the driving; step S405) detecting in real time whether the robot
  • the robot using the fourth path navigation method can have many kinds of travel paths on a rectangular slope. Since the length and width of the rectangular slope are different from the length and width of the robot, the length of the robot travel path is also different. The position where the robot stops driving is also different (stop in the lower left or lower right corner). As shown in FIGS. 29 and 30, there are two possible travel paths that the robot 100 travels on the rectangular slope 300 using the fourth path navigation method.
  • the traveling path navigation method on the rectangular slope determines whether the robot is traveling in a straight line or controls the straight-line driving of the robot.
  • the specific method has been described in detail in the foregoing, and will not be described herein. Controlling the robot to turn 90 degrees to the left or right has been described in detail in the introduction of the previous power system, and will not be described herein.
  • step S1011 at the left front of the robot a distance sensor 413 is disposed on the right front portion, the left rear portion, and the right rear portion.
  • the distance sensor 413 extends to the outside of the robot, and the distance sensor 413 faces the solar panel 200.
  • Step S1012) sequentially numbers the four distance sensors 413.
  • the distance sensors 413 disposed on the left front portion, the right front portion, the left rear portion, and the right rear portion of the robot are respectively defined as a sensor N1, a sensor N2, a sensor N3, and a sensor N4; and the step S1013) the robot acquires at the same time according to any time.
  • the sensor signal determines the position of the robot; when the robot simultaneously acquires the sensor N3 signal and the sensor N4 signal, it is determined that the robot reaches an edge of the rectangular slope; when the robot can only acquire the sensor N4 signal, Determining that the robot reaches a first corner or a second corner of the rectangular slope; When the robot can only acquire the sensor N3 signal, it is determined that the robot reaches the third corner or the fourth corner of the rectangular slope; step S1014) when it is determined that the robot reaches a corner of the rectangular slope, the counter is counted As a result, the order of the corners (the first few corners) is judged.
  • controlling the robot to perform U-turn to the left specifically comprising the following steps: Step S1031) controlling the robot to turn leftward by 90 degrees to the left; Step S1032) The robot travels straight a certain distance, the certain distance is equal to the width of the robot; and step S1033) controls the robot to turn leftward by 90 degrees to the left.
  • controlling the robot to perform U-turn to the right specifically comprising the steps of: step S1041) controlling the robot to turn to the right by 90 degrees; step S1042) The robot travels straight for a certain distance, the certain distance is equal to the width of the robot; and step S1043) controls the robot to turn to the right 90 degrees.
  • the above four kinds of robots travel on a rectangular slope, and the technical effect is that the robot can walk through every corner of the rectangular slope in the shortest time without interruption and without repetition, thereby realizing the comprehensiveness of the rectangular slope. cover.
  • the cleaning robot can use any of the above four navigation methods to walk through every corner of the solar panel in a short time and effectively clean it. Since sewage will be generated during the cleaning process, it may slide down the solar panel. Therefore, the cleaning effect of the third and fourth navigation methods may be poor.
  • the first and second navigation methods are preferred.
  • the data collection unit 41 further includes a liquid level sensor 259 coupled to the processor 42 for collecting liquid level data in the liquid dispensing container 25 in real time.
  • the control system 4 can be based on real time in the liquid dispensing container 25.
  • the level data sends at least one pump 28 control signal to the pump 28 to initiate or stop the operation of the pump 28 or to control the liquid discharge rate.
  • the control system 4 can issue a pump 28 deceleration command to control the pump 28 to slow down the pumping speed; when in the liquid dispensing container 25 in real time When the liquid level data is lowered to the lowest point, or when the control system 4 issues a body stop command, the control system 4 can issue a pump 28 stop command to control the pump 28 to stop operating.
  • the control system 4 also includes at least one alarm unit 44 coupled to the processor 42, which may be a red light or buzzer disposed outside of the vehicle body.
  • the alarm unit issues an alarm signal, for example, when the liquid level data in the liquid dispensing container 25 is below a predetermined threshold, or when the power system 5 is insufficiently powered, or When the cleaning robot issues a fault, the alarm unit 44 can issue an alarm signal to alert the user.
  • the data collection unit 41 includes at least one image sensor 415 or a camera connected to the processor 42 and disposed at the front end of the vehicle body 1 (as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3) for collecting the front of the vehicle body 1 during the traveling of the vehicle body 1. Images, which can be stored to the storage unit to facilitate the worker to view the working state of the robot.
  • control system 4 the technical effect of the control system 4 is to provide an optimized path for the various cleaning robots to travel on the solar panel and a control method for the robot to travel straight in the slope plane, ensuring that the robot can walk through the entire space of the solar panel without repeating The cover area is large and will not fall from the edge of the solar panel, which can ensure the cleaning effect and ensure the work efficiency.
  • the solar panel cleaning robot 100 may further include at least one wireless communication unit 45 wirelessly connected to a server 400 for establishing communication between the solar panel cleaning robot 100 and the server 400.
  • the image in front of the vehicle body 1 can be sent to the server 400 in real time, so that the staff can effectively view the cleaning robot in the working process, and effectively solve the problem that the cleaning robot is difficult to monitor the working state of the panel when the solar panel is located at a high place in the prior art.
  • the power system 5 is one or a set of disposable batteries or rechargeable batteries (not shown) disposed in the battery case 51, and the worker is required to periodically remove the cleaning robot from the present embodiment. Remove the solar panel and replace it with battery or charge to make it work.
  • Embodiment 1 provides a solar panel cleaning robot which can run freely on a solar panel, effectively removes dust and other attachments on the panel, and has a good decontamination effect; the cleaning robot of the present invention runs on the solar panel In the process, according to the set optimization path, the entire space of the panel can be covered without repeated, and the work efficiency is high; the cleaning robot of the invention can automatically turn or turn the head according to the program, realize automatic control, and is convenient to operate.
  • Embodiment 2 is the same as most of the technical solutions of Embodiment 1.
  • the distinguishing technical feature is that Embodiment 2 further includes a solar panel cleaning robot wireless charging system (referred to as a wireless charging system), as shown in FIG. 31 to FIG. 33.
  • the wireless charging system 6 includes at least one wireless power transmitting device 61 disposed outside the cleaning robot, and a wireless power receiving device 6262 disposed on the inner or outer surface of the cleaning robot.
  • Each wireless power transmitting device 61 includes a transmitting coil 611 that is directly or indirectly connected to a power source; the wireless power receiving device 6262 includes a receiving coil 621 that is directly or indirectly connected to a rechargeable one.
  • the battery 622 when the receiving coil 612 is located above the transmitting coil 611, the receiving coil 612 and the transmitting coil 611 are electromagnetically inductively coupled or magnetically coupled, and the transmitting coil 611 transmits radio energy to the receiving coil 612.
  • the current wireless charging technology mainly has four basic modes: electromagnetic induction type, magnetic resonance type, radio wave type and electric field coupling type, which are suitable for short-range, medium-short-range and remote power transmission;
  • the electromagnetic induction type and the magnetic resonance type are employed in the present invention, and the electromagnetic induction type is preferred.
  • the most mature and most popular is electromagnetic induction.
  • the fundamental principle is to use the principle of electromagnetic induction. Similar to a transformer, there is a coil at the transmitting end and the receiving end, and the primary coil is connected to a certain frequency of alternating current. Since electromagnetic induction generates a certain current in the secondary coil, energy is transferred from the transmitting end to the receiving end.
  • the wireless power transmitting device 61 may be installed near the solar panel 200, but may not affect the normal operation of the panel.
  • the transmitting coil 611 may be disposed on the lower surface of any of the solar panels 200.
  • the receiving coil 612 may be disposed on the lower surface of the bottom of the cleaning robot 100, and the receiving coil 612 is disposed on the vehicle body 1. Externally, at the bottom of the vehicle body, the distance between the receiving coil 612 and the transmitting coil 611 is as close as possible. In view of the fact that the thickness of the solar panel 200 is relatively small, it is generally only a few centimeters. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the receiving coil 612 can also be disposed on the inner bottom layer of the cleaning robot 100.
  • the transmitting coil 611 can also be disposed under the slot 201 at the junction of any two adjacent solar panels 200. If the slot 201 is relatively large, the transmitting coil 611 can be disposed in the slot 201. As shown in FIG. 35, the receiving coil 612 stays while traveling over the transmitting coil 611, and the receiving coil 612 is coupled to the transmitting coil 611.
  • a certain frequency of alternating current is continuously transmitted on the transmitting coil 611.
  • the transmitting end establishes communication with the receiving end. Due to the effect of electromagnetic induction coupling, a certain frequency of alternating current is also generated in the receiving coil 612. The current is thereby transferred from the wireless power transmitting device 61 to the wireless power receiving device 62.
  • Robot line The communication is established above the transmitting coil 611.
  • the receiving coil 612 can be directly above the transmitting coil 611 or near the transmitting coil 611. Wireless charging can be achieved as long as communication is established.
  • the coupling effect is the best, the charging efficiency is the highest, and the charging speed is the fastest.
  • the receiving coil 612 needs to be The distance between the transmitting coils 611 is as close as possible.
  • the distance between the transmitting coil 611 and the receiving coil 612 is 1 mm to 40 mm, preferably 2 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm and 20 mm, to ensure The charging function can be implemented stably and efficiently for easy installation and maintenance.
  • the distance between the transmitting coil 611 and the receiving coil 612 refers to the distance between the plane in which the transmitting coil 611 is located and the plane in which the receiving coil 612 is located when the transmitting coil 611 is parallel to the receiving coil 612.
  • the medium existing between the transmitting coil 611 and the receiving coil 612 is a non-metal material
  • the medium between the two includes a solar panel, a robot shell, air, etc.
  • the solar panel material is a standard silicon material and a robot shell.
  • the material is hard plastic (such as polymer resin material).
  • the wireless power transmitting device 61 may include a DC power source 612, an inverter circuit 613, and a transmitting end controller 614.
  • the DC power source 612 is used to supply a DC current; the input end of the inverter circuit 613 is connected to the DC power source 612, and the output end thereof is connected to the transmitting coil 611; the transmitting end controller 614 is connected to the inverter circuit 613 for controlling the output of the inverter circuit 613.
  • the inverter circuit 613 is configured to convert the direct current into an alternating current of a variable frequency and a duty ratio, and output the alternating current to the transmitting coil 611.
  • the DC power supply 612 can be at least one solar power generation module 6121.
  • the present embodiment is directly applied to the solar panel 200. Therefore, the solar power generation can be directly used as the DC power supply of the embodiment, because the solar power generation module
  • the DC voltage output of the 6121 is unstable, so the wireless power transmitting device 61 also needs to be provided with a DC-DC voltage stabilizing circuit 6122, the input end of which is connected to the solar power generating module 6121, and the output end thereof is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit 613;
  • the DC-DC voltage stabilizing circuit 6122 is configured to perform voltage stabilization processing on the DC current, so that the inverter circuit 613 obtains a stable DC current source. As shown in FIG.
  • the DC power supply 612 may further include an AC power source 6123 and an AC-DC adapter 6124; the AC power source 6123 is configured to provide an AC current; and the input end of the AC-DC adapter 6124 is connected to the AC power source 6123, and the output end thereof Connected to the input of inverter circuit 613; AC-DC adapter 6124 is used to The alternating current is converted to a stable direct current.
  • the wireless power receiving device 62 further includes a rectifying circuit 623, a DC-DC converting circuit 624, and a receiving end controller 625.
  • the input end of the rectifier circuit 623 is connected to the receiving coil 612 for converting the alternating current outputted by the receiving coil 612 into a direct current;
  • the input of the DC-DC converting circuit 624 is connected to the output of the rectifier circuit 623, and the output thereof is connected to The rechargeable battery 622;
  • the receiving end controller 625 is connected to the DC-DC converting circuit 624;
  • the receiving end controller 625 stores at least one charging curve of the rechargeable battery 622, and calculates the optimal charging voltage of the rechargeable battery 622 according to the charging curve.
  • the DC-DC conversion circuit 624 converts the voltage of the direct current output from the rectifier circuit 623 into an optimum charging voltage of the rechargeable battery, and charges the rechargeable battery.
  • the wireless power receiving device 62 further includes a battery information collector 626, a wireless charging switch 627, and a battery manager 628.
  • the battery information collector 626 is connected to the rechargeable battery 622 for collecting the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery 622; one end of the wireless charging switch 627 is connected to the DC-DC conversion circuit 624, and the other end thereof is connected to the rechargeable battery 622 or The rectifier circuit 623; one end of the battery manager 628 is connected to the battery information collector 626 to obtain the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery 622 in real time; the other end is connected to the wireless charging switch 627 to control the wireless charging switch 627 to be closed or broken.
  • the battery manager 628 controls the wireless charging switch 627 to be closed when the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery 622 is less than a predetermined power threshold; when the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery 622 is greater than or equal to a charging capacity At the threshold (e.g., 90% or 100%), the battery manager 628 controls the wireless charging switch 627 to open.
  • a predetermined power threshold e.g. 90% or 100%
  • the solar panel cleaning robot needs to solve the technical problem that the wireless power transmitting device 61 and the wireless power receiving device 62 implement data communication.
  • the wireless power transmitting device 61 and the wireless power receiving device 62 constitute a wireless communication system 63, wherein the wireless power transmitting device 61 includes a transmitting end signal loading unit 631 connected to the transmitting coil 611; and a transmitting The terminal signal deriving unit 632 is connected to the transmitting coil 611; the wireless power receiving device 62 includes a receiving end signal loading unit 633 connected to the receiving coil 612; and a receiving end signal deriving unit 634 connected to the receiving coil 612.
  • the wireless power transmitting device 61 and the wireless power receiving device 62 implement carrier communication; the transmitting signal loading unit 631 modulates the information to be transmitted with a carrier frequency K1 and then loads and transmits In the emission current of the coil 611, the receiving end signal deriving unit 634 demodulates and demodulates the information in the receiving current of the receiving coil 612 at the modulation frequency K1; the receiving end signal loading unit 633 modulates the information to be transmitted with a carrier frequency K2. In the received current that is later loaded to the receiving coil 612, the transmitting end signal deriving unit 632 demodulates and demodulates the information in the transmitting current of the transmitting coil 611 at a modulation frequency K2.
  • the wireless power transmitting device 61 performs carrier communication with the wireless power receiving device 62; the transmitting end signal loading unit 631 modulates the information to be transmitted to the magnetic wave with the magnetic resonance frequency K3 as a carrier.
  • the receiving end signal deriving unit 634 demodulates and filters the information from the receiving current of the receiving coil 612 with the magnetic resonance frequency K3 as a carrier; the receiving end signal loading unit 633 is to be transmitted.
  • the information is modulated by the magnetic resonance frequency K3 as a carrier to the received current of the magnetic resonance, and the transmitting end signal deriving unit 632 demodulates and filters the information with the magnetic resonance frequency K3 as a carrier.
  • the solar panel cleaning robot needs to solve the technical problem of real-time adjustment of the charging power according to the real-time power of the rechargeable battery 622 in order to improve the power utilization rate, prolong the battery life and ensure the safety of the battery. Therefore, in this embodiment, the transmitting end controller is connected to the transmitting end signal loading unit 631 and the transmitting end signal deriving unit 632; the receiving end controller 625 is connected to the receiving end signal loading unit 633 and the receiving end signal deriving unit 634.
  • the receiving end controller 625 stores at least one charging curve of the rechargeable battery 622, and obtains an optimal charging voltage of the rechargeable battery 622 in real time according to the charging curve, and calculates an optimal charging power according to the optimal charging voltage, and sends out At least one charging power adjustment command; when the receiving coil 612 and the transmitting coil 611 are electromagnetically inductively coupled, the receiving end signal loading unit 633 modulates the charging power adjustment command to a carrier frequency K2 and loads the current into the receiving current.
  • the transmitting end signal deriving unit 632 demodulates the charging power adjustment command in the transmitting current to the transmitting end controller 614 at a modulation frequency K2; or, when the receiving coil 612 and the transmitting coil 611 achieve magnetic resonance
  • the receiving end signal loading unit 633 modulates the charging power adjustment command to the magnetic resonance frequency with the magnetic resonance frequency K3 as a carrier.
  • the transmitting end signal deriving unit 632 demodulates and filters the charging power adjustment command to the transmitting end controller 614 with the magnetic resonance frequency K3 as a carrier; the transmitting end controller 614 is connected to the The inverter circuit adjusts the transmission power of the transmitting coil 611 according to the charging power adjustment command.
  • the receiving end controller 625 detects whether a signal is received in the receiving coil 612 in real time; if a signal is received, the transmitting coil 611 and the receiving coil 612 can be coupled to achieve wireless charging, but this may not be the case. Optimal coupling state.
  • the receiving end controller 625 detects the signal strength in the receiving coil 612 if it receives the signal, and determines the relative position of the receiving coil 612 and the transmitting coil 611 according to the signal strength; the control system 4 issues the relative position of the receiving coil 612 and the transmitting coil 611.
  • At least one position adjustment command controls the cleaning robot to adjust its position such that the receiving coil 612 is directly above the transmitting coil 611, and the vertical projections of the transmitting coil 611 and the receiving coil 612 in the solar panel 200 completely coincide, so that the transmitting coil 611 and the receiving coil 612 can Achieve the best coupling effect.
  • a wireless charging method for a solar panel cleaning robot is further provided to solve the technical problems of complicated charging operation and high maintenance cost of the existing solar panel cleaning robot.
  • the wireless charging method of the solar panel cleaning robot of the embodiment includes the following steps: Step S501) providing at least one wireless power transmitting device inside or below the at least one solar panel, the wireless power transmitting device including a transmitting coil; The coil is disposed on the lower surface of any of the solar panels, or is disposed below the slit of the junction of any two adjacent solar panels or inside the slit; step S502) providing a wireless power receiving device on the inner or outer surface of the cleaning robot, The wireless power receiving device includes a receiving coil; the receiving coil is disposed on the inner bottom layer of the cleaning robot or the lower surface of the cleaning robot bottom; step S503) placing the cleaning robot on the solar panel for normal operation; and the cleaning robot During the traveling, when the receiving coil is located above the transmitting coil, the receiving coil and the transmitting coil are electromagnetically coupled or magnetically coupled; in step S504) the transmitting coil transmits radio energy to the receiving coil to continuously charge the cleaning robot; step S505 Judging the sweeper Whether the battery charge is full; if the power is full
  • the step S503) specifically includes the following steps: step S5031) the cleaning robot works normally on the solar panel; and in step S5032) the cleaning robot detects whether the receiving coil generates current in real time; if yes, step S5033); step S5033 Determining whether the cleaning robot needs to be charged; if yes, performing step S5034); step S5034) determining the relative position and relative distance of the receiving coil and the transmitting coil according to the magnitude of the current in the receiving coil; and step S5035) the cleaning robot adjusting the position thereof So that the receiving coil is located directly above the transmitting coil.
  • the step S5033) specifically includes the following steps: Step S50331) acquiring the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery in real time; and step S50332) making the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery and a preset power threshold In contrast, if the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery is less than a predetermined power threshold (eg, 10% or 15%), it is determined that the cleaning robot needs to be charged.
  • a predetermined power threshold eg, 10% or 15%
  • the step S505) specifically includes the following steps: Step S5051) acquiring the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery in real time; and step S5052) setting the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery with a preset charging capacity threshold For comparison; if the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery is greater than or equal to a preset charging capacity threshold (eg, 95% or 100%), it is determined that the cleaning robot is fully charged.
  • a preset charging capacity threshold eg, 95% or 100%
  • An advantage of this embodiment is that a plurality of wireless charging and emitting devices are disposed on the upper surface, the inside or the vicinity of the solar panel, and a plurality of wireless charging and receiving devices are disposed inside or below the cleaning robot.
  • the cleaning robot is wirelessly charged by electromagnetic induction coupling or magnetic resonance coupling; the entire charging process can be automatically controlled without manual Will clear
  • the sweeping robot is removed from the solar panel, so that the cleaning robot can automatically run, automatically charge, and automatically power off the solar panel, which can realize automatic continuous operation, effectively reducing management and maintenance costs.
  • Some solar panels may be provided with metal materials inside or at the edges.
  • the transmitting coils 611 are disposed on the lower surface of any of the solar panels 200 or on any two adjacent solar panels 200. Below the slot 201 in the joint or in the slot 201, when the two coils are electromagnetically inductively coupled, the component is heated and damaged. At this time, the technical solution of the embodiment 2 is not suitable, and a new technical solution is required to make the wireless The charging system can work.
  • Embodiment 3 provides a solar panel cleaning robot wireless charging system, and most of the technical solutions are the same as those in Embodiment 2, and the technical feature is that it may further include at least one charging.
  • the charging panel 500 is embedded on any solar panel 200 or disposed at the edge of any solar panel 200; the upper surface of the charging panel 500 is on the same plane as the upper surface of the solar panel 200, and the charging panel 500 is made of a non-metal material. production.
  • the charging panel 500 is embedded in any solar panel 200, which means that a special space is reserved for the solar panel processing to be embedded in the charging panel 500, and the upper surface of the embedded charging panel 500 is embedded. It is flush with the upper surface of the solar panel 200 and is located on the same plane.
  • the charging panel 500 is disposed at the edge of the solar panel 200, which means that when the solar panel is processed, the charging panel 500 is mounted on the edge of several sides of the solar panel, and the upper surface of the charging panel 500 and the solar panel The upper surface of 200 is flush and lies on the same plane.
  • the transmitting coil 611 may be disposed in any of the charging panels 500, or may be disposed on the lower surface of any of the charging panels, instead of being disposed on the lower surface of any of the solar panels or at the junction of any two adjacent solar panels. Inside.
  • Embodiment 3 provides another wireless charging method for a solar panel cleaning robot, comprising the steps of: step S601) embedding at least one charging panel on at least one solar panel; and/or at least one solar panel At least one charging panel is disposed at an edge; the upper surface of the charging panel is on the same plane as the upper surface of the solar panel; and step S602) at least one wireless power transmitting device is disposed inside or outside the at least one charging panel, and the wireless power transmitting device includes a transmitting coil, the transmitting coil is connected to a power source; the transmitting coil is disposed in any charging panel, or is disposed on an upper surface or a lower surface of any charging panel; step S603) is inside the cleaning robot or a wireless power receiving device is disposed on the outer surface, and the wireless power receiving device includes a receiving coil; The coil 612 is disposed on the inner bottom layer of the cleaning robot or the lower surface of the cleaning robot bottom; step S604) placing the cleaning robot on the solar panel for normal operation; during the
  • the step S604) specifically includes the following steps: step S6041) the cleaning robot works normally on the solar panel; step S6042) the cleaning robot detects whether the receiving coil generates current in real time; if yes, step S6043); step S6043 Determining whether the cleaning robot needs to be charged; if yes, performing step S6044); step S6044) determining the relative position and relative distance of the receiving coil and the transmitting coil according to the magnitude of the current in the receiving coil; and step S6045) the cleaning robot adjusting the position thereof So that the receiving coil is located directly above the transmitting coil.
  • the cleaning robot detects whether the receiving coil generates current in real time, that is, whether there is a transmitting coil coupled to the receiving coil in the vicinity of the cleaning robot (receiving coil). After finding the transmitting coil coupled with the receiving coil in the vicinity, according to the residual power of the rechargeable battery in the cleaning robot, it is judged whether charging is required. If charging is required, the control system controls the cleaning robot to stop running, and starts to clean the rechargeable battery in the robot. Wireless charging.
  • the step S6043) specifically includes the following steps: step S60431) real-time acquisition of the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery; step S60432) making the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery and a preset power threshold
  • a predetermined power threshold e.g, 10% or 15% or 25%, etc.
  • the preset power threshold is determined according to the distribution of the transmitting coils near the solar panel, and the preset power threshold is greater than or equal to the amount of power consumed by the cleaning robot to reach the next transmitting coil. If the transmitting coils are evenly distributed, the preset power threshold is greater than or equal to the amount of power consumed by the cleaning robot during one-way operation between any two adjacent transmitting coils.
  • the step S606) specifically includes the following steps: step S6061) acquiring the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery in real time; and step S6062) setting the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery 622 with a preset charging capacity.
  • the threshold is compared; if the remaining capacity SOC value of the rechargeable battery 622 is greater than or equal to a preset charging capacity threshold (eg, 95% or 100%), it is determined that the cleaning robot is full and stops charging.
  • the control system of the cleaning robot activates the power system and the cleaning device to control the cleaning robot to continue working.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that a charging panel is independently disposed on the same plane as the solar panel; even if a metal material exists on the solar panel, the receiving coil and the transmitting coil can be electromagnetically induced to be coupled. Achieve wireless charging of the robot.
  • the entire charging process can be automatically controlled without the need to manually remove the cleaning robot from the solar panel, so that the cleaning robot can automatically run, automatically charge, and automatically power off the solar panel, which can realize automatic continuous operation, effectively reducing management and maintenance costs. .

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Abstract

一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,包括一车体(1),该车体(1)可以在至少一太阳能面板(200)上行驶;该车体(1)内部或外部设有一清扫装置(2)、一动力系统(3)、一控制系统(4)以及一电力系统(5);其中,清扫装置(2)用以清扫太阳能面板;动力系统(3)用以调整车体(1)在太阳能面板(200)上的行进方向和行驶速度;控制系统(4)分别连接至动力系统(3)和清扫装置(2);电力系统(5)分别连接至动力系统(3)、清扫装置(2)、控制系统(4),用以为动力系统(3)、清扫装置(2)、控制系统(4)提供动力。该太阳能面板清扫机器人可以在太阳能面板上自由运行,有效去除面板上的灰尘及其他附着物。

Description

太阳能面板清扫机器人 技术领域
本发明涉及清扫机器人领域,特别涉及一种太阳能面板清扫机器人。
背景技术
在化石燃料日趋减少的情况下,作为一种新兴的可再生能源的太阳能已成为人类使用能源的重要组成部分,近十年来,太阳能应用技术在世界各国都得到迅猛发展。太阳能面板是指利用半导体材料在光照条件下发生的光生伏特效应(photovoltaic)将太阳能直接转换为电能的器件。有太阳光的地方就能发电,因此太阳能面板适用于从大型发电站到小型便携式充电器等多种场合,近年来得到飞速发展。
太阳能面板的工作环境只能是户外,影响其工作的最大问题并不是风雨雷电,而是常年累积的灰尘。太阳能面板上附着有灰尘或其它附着物,会影响面板板的透光率,阻碍光电效率,从而会严重影响面板直接获取阳光的效率,降低面板的能量吸收和转换效率,降低发电效率。现有技术的太阳能面板在使用中只能依靠人工定期完成清理工作,由于太阳能面板面积较大、大型电站同时使用的面板较多,而灰尘会反复累积,需要反复清洗;因此人力成本很高、清理效率低、清理效果较差。在很多场合,为了提高空间利用率,太阳能面板都是利用支架设置在高处,这就给清理工作带来更大的难度和风险。很多太阳能面板的用户为了降低清理成本只能选择不清理,这样只能被迫承担灰尘导致的电能损耗。这样,就需要有一个新的自动清理设备,对太阳能面板进行自动清理。
现有技术的清扫机器人一般都只能应用于水平地面上,不能适用于太阳能面板这样的斜坡平面。如果将现有的清扫机器人直接用在太阳能面板上,会导致以下问题。
(1)清扫机器人动力不足、不能自由行进、清扫效果差;由于太阳能面板的倾斜角度一般在10度~40度之间,现有清扫机器人在斜坡平面上不能自由行进,即使能勉强行进,很快就会将电量耗尽。
(2)清扫机器人会从太阳能面板上滑落;由于太阳能面板比较光滑,现有清扫机器人重量和车轮摩擦系数都比较小,摩擦力也比较小,行进困难,很容易滑落。
(3)清扫机器人不能按照规定路线行驶,行进中覆盖面积小,会从太阳能面板边缘处落下;现有清扫机器人一般是设置为遇到障碍物自动转向,由于太阳能面板上没有任何障碍物,自动行驶的清扫机器人只能在单一路径上行进,其行进过程中的覆盖面积小,必然 会从太阳能面板边缘处落下。即使预先规划好路径,现有的清扫机器人在行进中容易受到重力及面板附着物的影响,也会很容易偏离路径,很难保证直线行驶;而且清扫机器人自身无法察觉,不能走遍整个面板,会留下大量清扫不到的空间。
(4)清扫机器人充电困难;由于太阳能面板高度比较高、面积较大,一旦将清扫机器人送上去之后,将其取下会比较困难,现有技术需要人工将清扫机器人搬离现场或人工取出电池,继而对其进行充电,从而不能长时间持续进行现场作业,而且由于很多太阳能面板都是用支架设置在高处,因此其充电操作非常麻烦,浪费大量人力。
(5)清扫机器人工作状态监控困难,由于太阳能面板可能会设置在高处,地面上的工作人员无法对其工作过程做到全程监控,即使清扫机器人发生故障,停止运行或者路线走偏,工作人员也无法及时得知。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于,提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,以解决传统的人工清理方式存在的人力成本高、清理效率低、清理效果差的技术问题。
为解决上述问题,本发明提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,包括一车体,所述车体可以在至少一太阳能面板上行驶;所述车体内部或外部设有一清扫装置、一动力系统、一控制系统以及一电力系统;其中,所述清扫装置用以清扫所述太阳能面板;所述动力系统用以调整所述车体在所述太阳能面板上的行进方向和行驶速度;所述控制系统分别连接至所述动力系统、所述清扫装置;所述控制系统向所述动力系统发出至少一行进控制指令,所述动力系统根据所述行进控制指令控制所述车体行驶;其中,所述控制系统向所述清扫装置发出至少一清扫控制指令,所述清扫装置根据所述清扫控制指令清扫或停止清扫所述太阳能面板。所述电力系统分别连接至所述动力系统、所述清扫装置、所述控制系统,用以为所述动力系统、所述清扫装置、所述控制系统提供电力。
本发明的另一个目的在于,提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,以解决现有技术的清扫机器人在斜坡上行进困难、易滑落的技术问题。
为解决上述问题,本发明提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述动力系统包括一左前轮,安装在所述车体底面前部的左侧,包括一左前轮毂;及一左前轮轴,设置于所述左前轮毂中心处;一右前轮,安装在所述车体底面前部的右侧,包括一右前轮毂;及一右前轮轴,设置于所述右前轮毂中心处;一左驱动电机,安装在所述车体底部,包括一左驱动转轴,固定连接至所述左前轮轴,用以控制所述左前轮的转速和旋转方向;以及一右 驱动电机,安装在所述车体底部,包括一右驱动转轴,固定连接至所述右前轮轴,用以控制所述右前轮的转速和旋转方向。
本发明的另一个目的在于,提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,以解决现有技术的清扫机器人行进中覆盖面积小、从太阳能面板边缘处落下的技术问题。
为解决上述问题,本发明提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述控制系统包括一数据采集系统,用以采集所述车体行进过程中的至少一工作参数;一处理器,连接至所述数据采集系统,用以向所述动力系统发出至少一行进控制指令,向所述清扫装置发出至少一清扫控制指令;以及至少一存储系统,连接至所述处理器,用以存储所述车体行进过程中的所述工作参数。
本发明的另一个目的在于,提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,以解决现有技术的清扫机器人在太阳能面板上工作状态监控困难的技术问题。
为解决上述问题,本发明提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,包括至少一无线通信系统,无线连接至一服务器,用于在所述太阳能面板清扫机器人与所述服务器之间建立通信。
本发明的另一个目的在于,提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,以解决现有技术的清扫机器人在太阳能面板上充电困难的技术问题。
为解决上述问题,本发明提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述电力系统还包括至少一无线充电系统,包括一可充电电池,设置在所述车体内部,用于提供动力;至少一无线电力发射装置,设置在所述车体外部;每一无线电力发射装置包括一发射线圈,所述发射线圈连接至一电源;以及一无线电力接收装置,设置在所述车体内部或外表面;所述无线电力接收装置包括一接收线圈,所述接收线圈连接至所述可充电电池;其中,当所述接收线圈位于所述发射线圈上方时,所述接收线圈与所述发射线圈实现电磁感应耦合,所述发射线圈将无线电能传输至所述接收线圈。
本发明优点在于,提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,可以在太阳能面板上自由运行,有效去除面板上的灰尘及其他附着物,去污效果良好;本发明的清扫机器人在太阳能面板上运行过程中,按照设定的优化路径行驶,可以不重复地覆盖面板的全部空间,工作效率高;本发明的清扫机器人可以根据程序自动实现转弯或调头,实现自动控制,操作方便;本发明的清扫机器人可以在太阳能面板上完成自动充电,无需将其从面板上反复取下,减少了操作流程,降低了维护难度和操作风险,可节省大量人力成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中清扫机器人的整体外观示意图;
图2为本发明实施例1中清扫机器人内部的结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例1中清扫机器人的分解结构示意图;
图4为本发明实施例1中一种清扫装置的结构示意图;
图5为本发明实施例1的另一种清扫装置的结构示意图;
图6为本发明实施例1中一种液体分发容器底部结构示意图;
图7为本发明实施例1在斜坡上时,液体分发容器工作状态结构示意图;
图8为本发明实施例1中一种液体分发容器结构示意图;
图9为本发明实施例1中另一种液体分发容器结构示意图;
图10为本发明实施例1中一种液体分发容器剖面结构示意图;
图11为本发明实施例1中液位传感器结构示意图;
图12为本发明实施例1中加注口盖体的剖面结构示意图;
图13为本发明实施例1中双向泄压阀的剖面结构示意图;
图14为本发明实施例1中动力系统整体结构示意图;
图15为本发明实施例1中动力系统去除履带外壳后的结构示意图;
图16为本发明实施例1中第一种履带张紧装置的结构示意图;
图17为本发明实施例1中第一种履带张紧装置去除履带侧板后的结构示意图;
图18为本发明实施例1中第一种履带张紧装置去除履带后的结构示意图;
图19为本发明实施例1中第二种履带张紧装置去除履带侧板后的结构示意图;
图20为本发明实施例1中第三种履带张紧装置去除履带侧板后的结构示意图;
图21为本发明实施例1中控制系统的结构框图;
图22为本发明实施例1中在机器人上建立三维坐标系的示意图;
图23为机器人用第一种路径导航方法在矩形斜坡上行驶的一种行驶路径示意图;
图24为机器人用第一种路径导航方法在矩形斜坡上行驶的另一种行驶路径示意图;
图25为机器人用第二种路径导航方法在矩形斜坡上行驶的一种行驶路径示意图;
图26为机器人用第二种路径导航方法在矩形斜坡上行驶的另一种行驶路径示意图;
图27为机器人用第三种路径导航方法在矩形斜坡上行驶的一种行驶路径示意图;
图28为机器人用第三种路径导航方法在矩形斜坡上行驶的另一种行驶路径示意图;
图29为机器人用第四种路径导航方法在矩形斜坡上行驶的一种行驶路径示意图;
图30为机器人用第四种路径导航方法在矩形斜坡上行驶的另一种行驶路径示意图;
图31为本发明实施例2中无线充电系统的结构示意图;
图32为本发明实施例2中发射线圈设置于太阳能面板下表面的状态示意图;
图33为本发明实施例2中接收线圈与发射线圈耦合时的一种工作状态示意图;
图34为本发明实施例2中发射线圈设置于两个太阳能面板连接处的缝隙下方的状态示意图;
图35为本发明实施例2中接收线圈与发射线圈耦合时的另一种工作状态示意图;
图36为本发明实施例2中无线电力发射装置的一种结构示意图;
图37为本发明实施例2中无线电力发射装置的另一种结构示意图;
图38为本发明实施例2中无线通信系统的结构示意图;
图39为本发明实施例3中充电面板嵌入至太阳能面板上的状态示意图;
图40为本发明实施例3中充电面板安装在太阳能面板边缘处的状态示意图。
图中部件编号如下:
100太阳能面板清扫机器人/清扫机器人/机器人,200太阳能面板,300斜坡平面,400服务器,500充电面板;
1车体,2清扫装置,3动力系统,4控制系统,5电力系统,6无线充电系统;11车身;
21清扫电机,22滚刷,23传动机构,24杂物挡板,25液体分发容器,26喷头,27分叉管道,28抽水泵;
31左前轮,32右前轮,33左后轮,34右后轮,35、左驱动电机,36右驱动电机,37履带,38轮毂轮齿,39履带张紧装置;
41数据采集单元,42处理器,43存储单元,44报警单元,45无线通信单元;51电池盒;61无线电力发射装置,62无线电力接收装置,63无线通信系统;
201太阳能面板连接处的缝隙;
211清扫电机转轴,221滚刷从动轴,231主动齿轮,232从动齿轮,233双联齿轮;
251排液口,252柱形部,253锥形部,254容器盖板,255加注口,256加注口盖体,257双向泄压阀,258环形盖口,259液位传感器;
261喷嘴,271主管;
311左前轮毂,312左前轮轴,321右前轮毂,322右前轮轴,331左后轮毂,341右后轮毂;
371履带外壳,372履带内齿,373防滑块,374上传动带,375下传动带;
391上张紧部,392下压紧部,393弹性支撑部,394履带侧板,395履带顶板,396腰型孔,397安装轴,398齿轮支架;
411加速度传感器,412磁传感器,413距离传感器,414计数器,415影像传感器;
611发射线圈,612直流电源,613逆变电路,614发射端控制器;
621接收线圈,622可充电电池,623整流电路,624DC-DC转换电路,625接收端控制器,626电池信息采集器,627无线充电开关,628电池管理器;
631发射端信号载入单元,632发射端信号导出单元,633接收端信号载入单元,634接收端信号导出单元;
2331大齿圈,2332小齿圈;
2541连接槽孔,2591长杆体,2592浮球传感器,2593圆盘形连接器,2594环形堵块,2595导线;
2571阀体,2572阀腔,2573密封阀块,2574密封挡块,2575第一通气孔,2576第二通气孔,2577第一弹性件,2578第二弹性件,2579环形肩部;
3911“V”形架,3912张紧传动轮,3913张紧齿轮,3914“V”形平板,3915横梁,3916圆柱齿轮,3917圆柱联动部;
3921张紧压板,3931“∧”形弹性件;
3971齿轮安装轴,3972传动轮安装轴;
6121太阳能发电模组,6122DC-DC稳压电路,6123交流电源,6124AC-DC适配器。
具体实施方式
以下参考说明书附图介绍本发明的三个优选实施例,证明本发明可以实施,所述实施例可以向本领域中的技术人员完整介绍本发明,使其技术内容更加清楚和便于理解。本发明可以通过许多不同形式的实施例来得以体现,本发明的保护范围并非仅限于文中提到的实施例。
在附图中,结构相同的部件以相同数字标号表示,各处结构或功能相似的组件以相似数字标号表示。附图所示的每一部件的尺寸和厚度是任意示出的,本发明并没有限定每个组件的尺寸和厚度。为了使图示更清晰,附图中有些地方适当夸大了部件的厚度。
本发明所提到的方向用语,例如「上」、「下」、「前」、「后」、「左」、「右」、「内」、「外」、「侧面」等,仅是附图中的方向,只是用来解释和说明本发明,而不是用来限定本发明的保护范围。
当某些部件被描述为“在”另一部件“上”时,所述部件可以直接置于所述另一部件上;也可以存在一中间部件,所述部件置于所述中间部件上,且所述中间部件置于另一部件上。当一个部件被描述为“安装至”或“连接至”另一部件时,二者可以理解为直接“安装”或“连接”,或者一个部件通过一中间部件间接“安装至”、或“连接至”另一个部件。
实施例1
如图1~图3所示,本实施例提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人100(以下简称清扫机器人或机器人),包括一车体1,车体1可以在至少一太阳能面板200上行驶;车体1内部或外部设有一清扫装置2、一动力系统3、一控制系统4以及一电力系统5。
清扫装置2用以在车体行进过程中清扫太阳能面板200;动力系统3用以调整车体1在太阳能面板200上的行进方向和行驶速度,控制车体1行驶、停止或转向;控制系统4分别连接至动力系统3及清扫装置2,用以向动力系统3及清扫装置2发出各种控制信号。电力系统5分别连接至动力系统3、清扫装置2、控制系统4,用以为动力系统3、清扫装置2、控制系统4提供电力。
本实施例太阳能面板清扫机器人100在太阳能面板上正常工作中,当电力系统5启动时,控制系统4发出至少一行进控制指令和至少一清扫控制指令,动力系统3根据该行进控制指令,控制车体1沿着一事先规划的路径行驶;同时,清扫装置2根据该清扫控制指令启动清扫装置2,开始清扫太阳能面板200。在车体1行驶过程中,控制系统4对动力系统3发出多个行进控制指令,如校偏指令、转弯指令、调头指令,等等,从而命令车体1在直线行进路线发生偏转的情况下回到原路线上,也即进行校偏处理;或者在一定条件下或一定位置转弯或者进行U字回转(调头),使得车体1可以根据事先规划的优化路径行驶。具体的导航方法、校偏方法、控制车体转弯或进行U字回转(调头)方法,在下文中有详细描述。在整个行驶过程中,无论车体1是何种行进方式,如直行、偏转、校偏、转弯或回转,清扫装置2始终保持工作状态。当控制系统4基于某些工作参数(如事先规划的路径全部走完或者电力系统5电量不足)发出停止行进的行进控制指令时,车体1停止行驶;同时控制系统4发出一清扫控制指令,关闭清扫装置2,停止清扫。
如图4所示,本实施例所述的清扫装置2,包括一清扫电机21、一滚刷22及一传动机构23。
如图4、图5所示,本实施例中,清扫电机21包括一清扫电机转轴211;所述滚刷中心设有一滚刷从动轴221;传动机构23同时连接至清扫电机转轴211及滚刷从动轴221, 清扫电机转轴211通过传动机构23带动滚刷从动轴221转动。滚刷22设置于车体1前端的下方,滚刷22下端直接与太阳能面板200相接触,用以清扫太阳能面板200。
传动机构23为两个以上彼此啮合的大小齿轮组成的齿轮组,用以将清扫电机转轴211的动力传送至滚刷从动轴221,同时使清扫电机21的输出转速减慢,进而以较慢的转速带动滚刷22转动。本实施例中,传动机构23包括一主动齿轮231、一从动齿轮232以及一双联齿轮233。主动齿轮231设置于清扫电机转轴211上,清扫电机转轴211垂直于主动齿轮231的轮面;从动齿轮232设置于滚刷从动轴221上,滚刷从动轴221垂直于从动齿轮232的轮面;滚刷从动轴221平行于清扫电机转轴211。双联齿轮233包括一体化制成的一大齿圈2331及一小齿圈2332,大齿圈2331与主动齿轮231啮合,小齿圈2332与从动齿轮232啮合。当清扫电机21启动时,清扫电机转轴211高速转动,经由双联齿轮233的减速处理后,滚刷从动轴221以较慢速度带动滚刷22转动,从而使得滚刷22可以清扫太阳能面板200。其中,清扫电机转轴211与滚刷从动轴221的转速比,取决于大齿圈2331与小齿圈2332的半径比。
滚刷22为螺旋式滚刷,螺旋式滚刷包括至少一螺旋叶片222,螺旋叶片222可以分成多个片状叶瓣223,叶瓣223之间等距设置,可以使得滚刷22与太阳能面板200全面接触,使得车体1行驶过的面板部分都可以被清扫到。本实施例的车体1在行进中,滚刷22持续清扫太阳能面板200上的灰尘等附着物。
如图5所示,清扫装置2还包括一杂物挡板24,固定安装至滚刷22的侧面,滚刷22中心的滚刷从动轴221与杂物挡板24平行。如图2所示,清扫装置2(清扫装置)设置于清扫机器人100的前端(即车体前部),清扫机器人100后端(即车体后部)包括一车身11,杂物挡板24设置于清扫装置2与车身11之间。在清扫过程中,杂物挡板24能有效将灰尘、琐屑、污水等杂物集中在一起,便于将其从面上清除,同时可以阻止杂物进入清扫装置2或动力系统3内,以防造成车体1内各个部件的损毁。
如图5所示,清扫装置2还包括一液体分发容器25、至少一喷头26以及一分叉管道27。
如图5~图10所示,液体分发容器25(可简称为容器25)为可拆卸的密封容器,用以存储有水或清洁剂溶液,其底部设有一排液口251;喷头26设置于滚刷22上方或侧方;每一喷头包括一喷嘴261,喷嘴261正对滚刷22方向;分叉管道27包括彼此连通的一主管271及至少一支管(图未示);主管271连通至排液口;每一支管连通至一喷头。本实施例 中,优选两个喷头,分别设置于滚刷22两端,其喷嘴正对滚刷22;分叉管道27优选一分二式分叉管道,包括一根主管271及二根支管,将液体分发容器25中的水或清洁剂溶液传送至两个喷头26。
如图5、图6所示,清扫装置2还包括一抽水泵28,连接至控制系统4,从控制系统4获取至少一抽水泵控制信号;抽水泵28设置于主管27上,作为控制液体分发容器25排放液体的开关,根据所述抽水泵控制信号调整液体排放速度。
本实施例中,在滚刷22清扫太阳能面板过程中,控制系统4根据需要发出至少一抽水泵控制信号给抽水泵28,启动抽水泵28并调节抽水速度,使得液体分发容器25内的水或清洁剂溶液经由分叉管道27流出至喷头26,形成小液滴,呈发射状向滚刷22喷洒,使得喷洒后的液体尽量均匀落在滚刷22上,转动的滚刷22带动水或清洁剂落在太阳能面板上,同时利用滚刷22对面板进行清理,可以有效增强去污效果。当液体分发容器25内的液体余量不足或电力系统的电力不足时,或者当清扫工作量完成后,控制系统4发出一停止抽水控制信号给抽水泵28,以关闭抽水泵28。液体分发容器25内的液体余量的判断方法和电力系统5的电量余量的判断方法,在下文中有详细说明。
本实施例中,清扫装置2的技术效果在于,可以在清扫机器人100行进中完成太阳能面板200的清扫工作,如有必要还可以在待处理的面板上喷洒水或清洁剂,可以更好地清除顽固性污渍。清扫装置2的清扫速度快、效果好,无需人工监控或辅助,可以有效降低人力成本。
由于本实施例提供的清扫机器人是应用于太阳能面板200这样的斜坡平面上的,如果清扫装置中的液体分发容器可以采用普通的圆柱形水箱或长方体水箱,无论排液口如何设置,都不能保证排液口始终在容器最低点。在某些角度下,当液体分发容器内液体较少时,液面可能会低于排液口,这样部分液体就无法顺利排出。由于有些太阳能面板设置在高处,为清扫机器人补充液体操作麻烦,因此,液体分发容器内部的液体必须要尽可能地全部排出,使之得以充分利用,这样就需要设计一种特殊形状的液体分发容器25,确保无论车体向哪个方向行驶(上坡、下坡或水平行驶),容器中的液体都能够充分被抽出。
如图5~图10所示,本实施例提供一种液体分发容器25(简称为容器),用于在一斜坡平面上分发液体。太阳能面板清扫机器人在太阳能面板上行进过程中,车体内部的液体分发容器25可以分发液体。液体分发容器25主体为一密封良好的容器,主要包括彼此连接的一柱形部252和一锥形部253,锥形部253底部朝上倒置在柱形部252下方,锥形部253 的底面连接至柱形部252的下底面,在锥形部253最下方的顶点(锥体的尖端)处设有一排液口251。
如图7所示,为了使得液体分发容器25中的液体能够全部被抽出,当液体分发容器25在斜坡平面300上任一方向移动时,必须保证排液口251始终位于液体分发容器25的最低点,因此,锥形部253的侧面与锥形部253底面的夹角要大于或等于斜坡平面300与水平面的夹角。在本实施例中,太阳能面板200即为斜坡平面300,为了确保液体分发容器25在太阳能面板200上任一方向移动时,排液口251始终位于液体分发容器25的最低点,锥形部253的侧面与锥形部253底面的夹角要大于或等于太阳能面板200与水平面的夹角,也即太阳能面板200的倾角;由于太阳能面板200的倾角一般在10度~40度之间,锥形部的侧面与锥形部底面的夹角的范围一般应该在15~45度之间;由于锥形部的侧面与锥形部底面夹角越大,整个液体分发容器25的容积就越小,因此可以根据太阳能面板200的倾角选择形状合适的锥形部,优选25度~35度。
如图7所示,液体分发容器25固定在清扫机器人100的车体内,液体分发容器25的中心轴线垂直于清扫机器人100的车体底面。锥形部253除了该排液口251以外的其它部分均高于排液口251中心处所在的水平面,保证排液口251始终位于液体分发容器25的最低点。
本实施例中提供两种方案,其一为:如图8所示,柱形部252为棱柱体,锥形部253为棱锥体,棱锥体的棱锥底面为棱柱体的下底面。本实施例优选棱柱体为四棱柱体,则所述棱锥体也为四棱锥体;同理,若所述棱柱体为三棱柱体,则所述棱锥体也为三棱锥体。其二为:如图9所示,柱形部252为圆柱体,锥形部253为圆锥体,圆锥体的底面即为圆柱体的下底面;在液体分发容器25占用的空间范围一定时,尽量增加容器的容量。
如图10所示,本发明所述的液体分发容器25,还包括一容器盖板254、一加注口255、一加注口盖体256及一双向泄压阀257。
容器盖板254固定安装至柱形部252的上底面处;加注口255设于容器盖板254上,并穿透该容器盖板254,加注口盖体256可拆卸式安装至加注口255,用以密封加注口255。双向泄压阀257穿透式安装至加注口盖体256,用以连接液体分发容器25的内部与外部,使得容器25内外气压平衡,液体可以从容器25内顺利排出。
在本实施例中,加注口255的水平截面为圆形,加注口255的周边设有垂直于容器盖板254的一圈环形盖口258,环形盖口258外侧面上设有第一螺纹(图未示)。加注口盖体 256为圆柱形,其大小契合于加注口255,加注口盖体256的内侧壁设有第二螺纹(图未示),所述第二螺纹旋接于所述第一螺纹上,通过所述第一螺纹与所述第二螺纹的配合,使得加注口盖体256与加注口255可拆卸式连接。
液体分发容器25内存储的液体(水或清洁剂)皆为消耗品,需要定期对其进行补充。当容器内的液体全部耗尽之后,只需要旋开加注口盖体256,就可以向液体分发容器25内加注液体(水或清洁剂)。加注口盖体256与加注口255的连接处可以用密封液或密封件进一步密封,容器盖板254与柱形部252可以一体成型设计,也可以分别设计,只需保证容器盖板254与柱形部252连接处、加注口盖体256与加注口255的连接处密封良好即可。
如图10、图11所示,液体分发容器25内设有一液位传感器259,用于实时采集液体分发容器25中的液位数据,液位传感器259为控制系统4的一部分。本实施例中,液位传感器259包括一长杆体2591及套在长杆体上的一浮球传感器2592,浮球传感器2592漂浮在液体分发容器25内的液面上,随着液位的升降而沿着长杆体2591上升或下降。长杆体2591位于液体分发容器25内部高度最大的轴线上,也即液体分发容器25的中心轴线上,可以使浮球传感器2592尽可能多地获取全面精准的液位数据。容器盖板254中心设有一连接槽孔2541,长杆体2591穿过连接槽孔2541,且垂直于容器盖板254;长杆体2591上端设有一圆盘形连接器2593,固定连接至连接槽孔2541,长杆体2591下端设置于锥形部253的排液口251处附近。长杆体2591下端设有一突出的环形堵块2594,用以防止浮球传感器从长杆体2591上滑落。浮球传感器通过穿过长杆体2591内部的至少一导线2595连接至控制系统4的其他部件。在清扫装置工作中,控制系统4可以根据液体分发容器25内的实时液位数据向抽水泵28发送至少一抽水泵28控制信号以启动或停止抽水泵28的运行,或者控制液体排放速度。
本实施例中,液体分发容器25的技术效果在于,无论车体1(或液体分发容器25)在斜坡平面300上朝向任何方向行驶,其排液口251始终位于整个容器25的最低点,使得容器25内存储的液体可以完全被排出,并得到充分利用,不会出现液体意外泄漏或者排液口251无法排液的状况。
在本实施例中,液体分发容器25整体为密封容器,只有其最低点处的排液口251可以排出液体,如果容器没有其他可以通气的孔,受大气压力的影响,液体就会很难从排液口251排出。如果容器的加注口255一直保持开放状态,一旦抽水泵28打开,容器内的液体就会加速持续流出,难以控制流速,而且会使得液体从加注口255挥发。为此,本实施例 采用在加注口盖体256设置双向泄压阀257的技术方案,可以根据液体分发容器25液面上方气压的变化打开或关闭泄压阀。
如图12、图13所示,双向泄压阀257穿透式安装至加注口盖体256,用以可选择式连通液体分发容器25的内部与外部。双向泄压阀257包括一中空的阀体2571,阀体2571内设有一阀腔2572,阀腔2572内设有一密封阀块2573及一密封挡块2574。
阀体2571设计成一体式圆柱体,其阀腔2572也为一圆柱体密封空腔,阀体2571顶部设有一第一通气孔2575,将阀腔2572与容器25外部连通;阀体2571底面设有一第二通气孔2576,将阀腔2572与容器25内部连通。双向泄压阀257的阀体2571的顶部密封连接至加注口盖体256,本实施例中,阀体2571与加注口盖体256可一体成型,以减少部件的加工工序,如配置密封液或密封件等。
本实施例还可包括一第一弹性件2577以及一第二弹性件2578;第一弹性件2577上端固定至阀腔2572顶部,其下端连接至密封阀块2573;第二弹性件2578上端连接至密封阀块2573,其下端固定至阀腔2572底部。密封阀块2573可滑动式安装在阀腔2572内,密封挡块2574突出于阀腔2572侧壁的中部,阀腔2572内部侧壁为光滑侧壁;密封阀块2573在第一弹性件2577、第二弹性件2578共同作用下,可以向上或向下滑动。在阀腔内,密封阀块2573上方气压为空气大气压,密封阀块2573下方气压即为容器25液面上方的气压。
具体地说,密封阀块2573可以包括上段、中段、下段,皆为圆柱体形状。密封阀块2573包括一环形肩部2579,突出于密封阀块侧壁的中部,环形肩部2579即为中段,其上段、下段大小一致,环形肩部2579(中段)的底面直径大于上段、下段的底面直径;环形肩部2579的外侧壁与密封挡块2574外侧壁、阀腔2572内侧壁相切。环形肩部2579上方(上段)连接至第一弹性件2577,环形肩部2579下方(下段)连接至第二弹性件。本实施例中第一弹性件2577、第二弹性件2578优选一弹簧,也可以选择其他弹性件。
在抽水泵28停止运行状态下,液体分发容器25液面上方气压与外界大气压相同,第一弹性件2577、第二弹性件2578未发生形变或形变较小,密封阀块2573处于受力平衡、相对静止状态下,密封阀块2573最宽处(环形肩部)的侧壁与密封挡块2574侧壁、阀腔2572内侧壁相切,密封阀块2573与密封挡块2574将阀腔2572中部填满,阀腔2572的上部与阀腔2572的下部被密封式隔开,不能连通。
如果清扫机器人100处于运行状态下,清扫装置2正常工作,抽水泵28抽取液体,液体分发容器25内液面上方的气压变小,液体分发容器25内的气压小于外界的大气压,密 封阀块2573上下两面产生气压差,大气压力克服两个弹性件2577、2578的弹力和密封阀块2573的重力,使得密封阀块2573向下滑动,环形肩部2579与密封挡块2574分离,环形肩部2579与阀腔2572内侧壁之间形成空气通道,在气压差的作用下,外界空气由此通道进入液体分发容器25内。当液体分发容器25内液面上方的气压与外界大气压相等(气压差为零)或趋于相等(气压差较小)时,液体分发容器25内外的气压达到新的平衡,在弹性件2577、2578的弹力作用下,密封阀块逐渐向上滑动,进而实现复位,环形肩部2579的侧壁与密封挡块2574侧壁、阀腔2572内侧壁再次相切,空气通道关闭。在清扫装置运行过程中,抽水泵28持续抽取液体,上述过程也会反复出现。当清扫装置停止工作时,或者,当液体分发容器25内液面下降到一定阈值时,或者,电力系统5的剩余电量下降到一定阈值时,抽水泵28被控制系统4关闭,停止抽取液体。
如果清扫机器人100处于静止状态下,清扫装置2停止运行,由于清扫机器人100放置在太阳能面板200上,在较长时间里持续受到阳光直射,液体分发容器25内的液体和空气温度可能会升高,由于热胀冷缩的物理现象,液体分发容器25内气压会大于外部大气压,密封阀块2572上下两面产生气压差,使得密封阀块2573向上滑动,环形肩部2579与密封挡块2574分离,环形肩部2579与阀腔2572内侧壁之间形成空气通道,在气压差的作用下,外界空气由此通道进入液体分发容器25内。当液体分发容器25内液面上方的气压与外界大气压相等(气压差为零)或趋于相等(气压差较小)时,液体分发容器25内外的气压达到新的平衡,在弹性件2577、2578的弹力作用下,密封阀块2573逐渐向下滑动,进而实现复位,环形肩部2579的侧壁与密封挡块2574侧壁、阀腔2572内侧壁再次相切,空气通道关闭。在清扫机器人静止状态下,液体分发容器25长时间置于阳光下,上述过程可能会反复出现,及时释放容器25内部气体压力,避免发生安全事故。
本实施例中,双向泄压阀257的技术效果在于,尽量确保液体分发容器25内外的气压维持平衡,使得抽水泵28可以从液体分发容器25正常抽取液体,或者及时释放容器内部气体压力,避免发生安全事故。
如图14、图15所示,在本实施例中,动力系统3设置于在车体1底部,用以带动车体1行进,包括一左前轮31、一右前轮32、一左后轮33、一右后轮34、一左驱动电机35、一右驱动电机36及两个履带37。
左前轮31安装在所述车体底面前部的左侧,包括一左前轮毂311及一左前轮轴312,左前轮轴312设置于左前轮毂311中心处;右前轮32安装在所述车体底面前部的右侧,包 括一右前轮毂321及一右前轮轴322,右前轮轴322设置于右前轮毂321中心处;左后轮33安装在所述车体底面后部的左侧,包括一左后轮毂331及一左后轮轴332(图未示),左后轮毂331与左前轮毂311设于同一直线上,所述左后轮轴设置于左后轮毂331中心处;右后轮34安装在所述车体底面后部的右侧,包括一右后轮毂341及一右后轮轴(图未示),右后轮毂341与右前轮毂321设于同一直线上;所述右后轮轴设置于右后轮毂341中心处。所述右后轮轴直接连接或通过一传动装置(图未示)连接至所述左后轮轴。左驱动电机35、右驱动电机36通过一固定装置固定连接至车体1上,通过至少一导线连接至电力系统5,通过至少一信号线连接至控制系统4。左驱动电机35直接连接或通过一传动装置(图未示)连接至左前轮轴312,右驱动电机36直接连接或通过一传动装置(图未示)连接至右前轮轴322。两个履带37皆为一柔性链环,其中一履带37包覆在左前轮毂311、左后轮毂331的环形侧壁外部;另一履带37包覆在右前轮毂321、右后轮毂341的环形侧壁外部。每一履带37外部设有一个履带外壳371,用以保护履带及轮毂,防止有杂物进入履带或轮毂中,影响车体1正常行进。
本实施例中,控制系统4根据事先规划的优化路径向左驱动电机35、右驱动电机36发出至少一行进控制信号,使得左驱动电机35、右驱动电机36同步调整左前轮31、右前轮32的转速和旋转方向,进而调整车体1的行进方向和行进速度,使车体实现直行、校偏、90度转弯、U字回转(调头)等动作。
当需要车体直线前进时,控制系统4同时向左驱动电机35、右驱动电机36发出一直线行进控制指令,控制指令中包括相同的电机转速(例如左驱动电机、右驱动电机的转速都是60转/分钟)和驱动电机转轴的转动方向(如左驱动电机顺时针转、右驱动电机逆时针转),这样就会带动左前轮31、右前轮32同步向前转动,左后轮33、右后轮34为从动轮,在履带37的带动下也与左前轮31、右前轮32同步向前转动,使得整个车体1前进。
当需要车体1向右偏转时,控制系统4同时向左驱动电机35、右驱动电机36发出一校偏行进控制指令,左驱动电机35收到的控制指令中的电机转速比右驱动电机36收到的控制指令中的电机转速偏大,转速的差值取决于需要调整的偏差角度,偏差角度越小,转速差值也就越小。类似地,当需要车体1向左偏转时,左驱动电机35收到的控制指令中的电机转速比右驱动电机36收到的控制指令中的电机转速偏小。当车体1回到原来预设的行进方向后,控制系统4重新再发出直线行进控制指令,左驱动电机35、右驱动电机36的转速再次变为相同,使得车体1继续直线行进。
当需要车体做90度转弯时,控制系统4根据预设转弯半径的大小计算出左驱动电机35、右驱动电机36的转速和转动方向,如果转弯半径较大,其驱动电机的转动方向可以相反(一个顺时针、一个逆时针),左前轮31、右前轮32同步向前转动,或者设置成一个轮停止转动,从而实现行进中转弯的效果;如果转弯半径较小或者原地转弯,左驱动电机35、右驱动电机36的转动方向可以设计为相同,同为顺时针或同为逆时针,这样左前轮31、右前轮32就会一个向前转动、一个向后转动,车体1的一侧前进,另一侧后退,从而形成小半径转弯或原地转弯的效果。
当需要车体进行U字回转(也称为调头)时,需要车体在180度转弯后行驶至与原车道相邻的车道上;此时有一次性回转或者分阶段回转的技术方案。控制系统4根据预设转弯半径的大小计算出左驱动电机35、右驱动电机36的转速和转动方向。在一次性回转的方案中,转弯半径等同于车体宽度的一半,转弯内侧的前轮停止转动或极慢速度向前转动(若向左进行U字回转,则左前轮停止转动;若向右进行U字回转,则右前轮停止转动),转弯外侧的前轮快速向前转动,实现向左或向右的U字回转。分阶段回转的方案中,可以根据具体情况计算处不同的方案,本实施例中优选如下方案:先控制车体1先在原地向左或向右做90度转弯,然后再控制车体向前行驶一个车身宽度的距离,最后再控制车体在原地向左或向右做90度转弯,既可以实现向左或向右的U字回转,而且U字回转后刚好行驶在与前一车道相邻的车道上,从而使得本实施例的机器人行驶过的空间可以实现不重复、无死角的效果。
动力系统3还包括至少一轮毂轮齿38,均匀设置在左前轮毂311、左后轮毂331、右前轮毂321、右后轮毂341的环形侧壁外部表面;以及至少一履带内齿372,均匀设置在履带37的内侧壁表面,履带内齿372与轮毂轮齿38啮合,确保在两个前轮31、32转动时,履带37可以与两个轮毂相配合,得以正常使用。
由于太阳能面板相对比较光滑,而且还有一定的倾斜度,因此清扫机器人车体在行驶过程中容易滑落。为解决这一问题,如图14所示,动力系统3还包括至少一防滑块373,突出于两个履带37的外侧壁,防滑块373可以排列成有序的阵列,平均分布在整条履带37上。本实施例的车体1采用履带式结构、在履带外壁加装防滑块373,都是为了增大摩擦系数,增强抓地力,防止车体1在行进中滑落。类似地,本实施例的履带37上也可以设置至少一防滑花纹(图未示),下凹于两个履带的外侧壁,平均分布在整条履带上,其效果与防滑块相同。
本实施例中,动力系统3的技术效果在于,采用履带及防滑块结构使得清扫机器人的车体可以在太阳能面板上自由行动而不会滑落;左右前轮用双电机分别驱动,可以对车体的行进状况实现精确控制,使车体可以根据需要更灵活地调整行进方向和实现原地转弯,可以尽量增大行驶路径的覆盖范围。
如图14、图15所示,动力系统3还包括两个履带张紧装置39,每一履带张紧装置39分别设置在一个履带37内。履带在安装后,具有一定的松弛度,因此需要对该柔性链环进行张紧调节,以保证履带可以正常前进。现有技术是在履带前方加装诱导轮,诱导轮上配置分离机构和两个涡杆,通过调节分离机构和蜗杆来实现张紧。这种调节的方式和结构比较繁琐,且只能一次性的调整完毕,而不能在履带运行过程中进行实时调整。
本实施例提供以下三种履带张紧装置,如图16~图18所示,第一种履带张紧装置39包括一上张紧部391、一下压紧部392以及一弹性支撑部393。
履带37为一柔性链环,其内侧面设有均匀分布的履带内齿372。履带37包括一上传动带374、一下传动带375;上传动带374为履带37的上部,下传动带375为履带37的下部,上传动带374下表面与下传动带375上表面皆设有至少一履带内齿372。
上张紧部391上端与上传动带374下表面相切或啮合,用以张紧上传动带374,在履带运行中,上张紧部391与上传动带374滑动或滚动式连接。下压紧部下端与下传动带375上表面相切,用以压紧下传动带375;弹性支撑部393的一端连接至上张紧部391,其另一端连接至下压紧部392,用以支撑所述上张紧部及所述下压紧部。
如图16所示,履带张紧装置39可以包括两个履带侧板394,分别设置于履带37的两侧,两个履带侧板394可以通过一个履带顶板395连接在一起,组成一体化的履带外壳371,履带外壳371通过至少一螺栓固定连接至车体1的轮轴处。每一履带侧板394的上部设有至少一个竖直式的腰型孔396。履带张紧装置39还包括至少一安装轴397,其两端上下滑动式设置于两个相对的腰型孔396内,两个腰型孔396分别位于两个履带侧板394上。安装轴397及装配在安装轴397上的部件可以在腰型孔396所限制的范围内上下移动。履带张紧装置39还可以只包括一个履带侧板394,设置于机器人履带37的外侧;该履带侧板的上部设有竖直式的至少一腰型孔,安装轴397只有一端上下滑动式设置于一腰型孔396内。本实施例中优选在一个履带侧板设置三个腰型孔的方案,三个腰型孔呈“品”字形排列。
安装轴397包括至少一齿轮安装轴3971和至少一传动轮安装轴3972;齿轮安装轴3971与传动轮安装轴3972平行,齿轮安装轴3971位于两个传动轮安装轴3972中间处的上方。 本实施例优选一个齿轮安装轴3971和两个传动轮安装轴3972,齿轮安装轴3971与两个传动轮安装轴3972呈“品”字形排列。上张紧部391包括一“V”形架3911、至少一张紧传动轮3912以及至少一张紧齿轮3913,本实施例优选一个张紧齿轮3913和两个张紧传动轮3912,张紧齿轮3913与两个张紧传动轮312呈“品”字形排列。
“V”形架3911上部的两端分别设有一传动轮安装轴3972;“V”形架3911包括彼此平行设置的两片“V”形平板3914及两根横梁3915,每一横梁3915两端分别固定连接至两片“V”形平板3914;传动轮安装轴3972垂直于“V”形平板3914。齿轮安装轴3971设置于“V”形架3911上方,正对两个传动轮安装轴3972中间。“V”形架3911的下端连接至弹性支撑部393。
张紧传动轮3912通过一滚动轴承(图未示)安装至所述传动轮安装轴3972上;每一张紧齿轮通过一滚动轴承(图未示)安装至一齿轮安装轴3971上,其上端与上传动带374下表面啮合。
两个张紧传动轮3912设于张紧齿轮3913两侧的下方。张紧传动轮3912与所述张紧齿轮3913相切或啮合,二者可以实现传动;张紧齿轮3913、张紧传动轮上3912可以有齿轮面也可以有无齿轮面,若有齿轮面则二者啮合,若无齿轮面则二者相切。
本实施例中,张紧齿轮3913为双联直齿圆柱齿轮,具体包括两个圆柱齿轮3916和一圆柱联动部3917。两个圆柱齿轮3916与上传动带374下表面啮合;圆柱联动部3917设于两个圆柱齿轮3916之间;两个圆柱齿轮3916的直径相同;联动部3917直径小于圆柱齿轮3916的直径,每一张紧传动轮3912与张紧齿轮3913的联动部相切。
下压紧部392为至少一个张紧压板3921,优选两个,张紧压板3921与下传动带375上表面相切;弹性支撑部393包括一“∧”形弹性件3931,其上部的弯角处连接至上压紧部391下端,也即“V”形架3911下部的弯角处;其下部的两端分别连接至一下压紧部392,即一张紧压板3921。
“V”形架3911下端的弯角处有一弧形孔,“∧”形弹性件3931上部的弯角为一半圆角;带有半圆角的“∧”形弹性件3931的上部组接于该弧形孔内。“∧”形弹性件3931下部的两端分别连接有一圆形钩环,分别连接至两个下压紧部392,也即张紧压板3921上表面;具体地说,每一张紧压板3921上表面设有一凹槽,在凹槽内设有一张紧压板3921连接轴,每一圆形钩环对应连接至一张紧压板3921连接轴。
本实施例的履带在运行中,由于履带37为一柔性链环,其内表面的履带内齿与前后两 个轮毂侧壁啮合,同时张紧齿轮3913也与上传动带374下表面啮合,履带37向前滚动时,带动张紧齿轮3913转动。
上述各部件组装在一起之前,“∧”形弹性件3931在不发生形变的情况下,其张角较小;将上述各部件组装好后,“∧”形弹性件发生形变,张开的角度增大,使得履带37处于张紧状态。此时,“∧”形弹性件具有恢复原先形状(张角较小状态)的趋势。
当带轮毂的履带前后运动时,履带37作用于张紧齿轮3913,带动张紧齿轮3913转动,即相当于受到履带3931的作用力,该作用力产生一向下的分力,推动张紧齿轮3913沿腰型孔396向下移动,此时,张紧传动轮3912与张紧齿轮3913相切,并受张紧齿轮3913的作用了向下移动,进一步压缩“∧”形弹性件3931,此时,“∧”形弹性件3931的张角继续增大,“∧”形弹性件3931形变加大,产生的弹力进一步增大。
当履带与张紧齿轮3913相离,或者张紧齿轮3913与传动轮相离时,“∧”形弹性件3931释放一部分被压缩的弹性势能,张角变小,再次将履带37张紧。如此往复循环,根据履带37的运动状态,弹性支撑部393可以实时调整张紧力,减少了部件之间的刚性摩擦,有利于增强部件的使用寿命。
如图19所示,本实施例还提供第二种履带张紧装置,其大部分技术方案与第一种履带装置相同,其区别技术特征在于,第二种履带张紧装置中,安装轴只包括至少一齿轮安装轴3971,而不包括传动轮安装轴3972,优选两个平行排列的齿轮安装轴3971。上张紧部391包括一“V”形架及至少一张紧齿轮3913,本实施例优选两个张紧齿轮3913,两个张紧齿轮3913呈品字排列。“V”形架3911上部的两端分别设有一齿轮安装轴3971,齿轮安装轴3971垂直于“V”形平板3914。下压紧部392为至少一张紧压板3921,与下传动带375上表面相切。弹性支撑部393为一个弹簧或多个弹簧组成的弹簧组,也可以为橡胶垫,其一端连接至上张紧部391下端,即“V”形架3911下部的弯角处,其另一端连接至一下压紧部392,也即张紧压板3921。第二种履带张紧装置结构比较简单,成本较低,但张紧效果稍差,对弹性支撑部393的材质要求较高;其工作原理与第一种履带张紧装置类似,在此不作赘述。
如图20所示,本实施例还提供第三种履带张紧装置,其大部分技术方案与第二种履带装置相同,其区别技术特征在于,上张紧部391包括至少一张紧齿轮3913,优选一个,每一张紧齿轮3913通过一滚动轴承安装至一齿轮安装轴3971上;第三种履带张紧装置还包括一齿轮支架398,用以取代“V”形架,其上端安装有齿轮安装轴3971,其下端连接至弹 性支撑部393。下压紧部392为至少一张紧压板3921,弹性支撑部393为一个弹簧或多个弹簧组成的弹簧组,也可以为橡胶垫,其一端连接至齿轮支架398下端,其另一端连接至张紧压板3921。第三种履带张紧装置结构比较简单,成本较低,但张紧效果稍差,对弹性支撑部393及齿轮支架398的材质要求较高;其工作原理与第二种履带张紧装置类似,在此不作赘述。
本实施例中,履带张紧装置的技术效果在于,采用一种“滑动装配设计”,即在上张紧部391与下压紧部392之间加装一弹性支撑部393,通过腰型孔实现该张紧装置的上下滑动,已达到实时调整的目的;这种调整为柔性调整,是根据履带自身运行而实现的实时调整,能够改善刚性调整的部件磨损,降低部件之间的摩擦力,增加履带的使用寿命;调整后的履带,能够及时适应路面,具有该履带张紧装置的机器人,能够达到省电的目的;而且结构简单,组装方便。
如图21所示,本实施例中,控制系统4包括一数据采集单元41、一处理器42及至少一存储单元43。数据采集单元41包括多种传感器,用以采集车体1行进过程中的至少一工作参数;处理器42连接至数据采集单元41,根据所述工作参数向动力系统3发出至少一行进控制指令,根据所述工作参数向清扫装置2发出至少一清扫控制指令。存储单元43连接至处理器42,用以存储车体1行进过中的工作参数及预先计算或设置的其他参数。所述工作参数包括车体1的实时加速度数据、实时行进方向数据、液体分发容器实时液位数据、每一距离传感器与太阳能面板之间的距离、车体前方的影像等参数。预先计算或设置的其他参数包括工作人员预设的各种工作数据,如预先计算和规划好的清扫机器人行驶路径(优化路径),液体分发容器25内的液位数据报警阈值(达到此阈值时,报警单元报警)、液位数据停工阈值(达到此阈值时,抽水泵28停止运行),等等。
工作人员预先将规划好的优化路径录入至控制系统4,为清扫机器人车体提供路径导航,控制系统4根据所述优化路径进行运算和规划,并将何时启动、何时停止、何时直线行驶、何时向左或向右90度转弯、何时向左或向右90度进行U字回转等控制信息,以各种控制指令的方式发送给动力系统,以控制车体在行进中的动作。
在车体控制技术中,如何判断车体在斜坡平面上是否直线行驶、如何控制车体在斜坡平面上直线行驶是最基本的问题,如果车体在直线行驶过程中缺乏监管,一旦车体因为某些因素(如路面局部不平、路面上有障碍物等)发生偏转,就会发生越走越偏的现象,在本发明中,会导致机器人偏离既有的导航路径,不能在最短时间内走遍整个斜坡平面。在 本实施例中,会导致清扫机器人作业完成后,太阳能面板上还有很多地方没有及时清理干净。
为了解决如何判断本实施例的机器人是否在斜坡上直线行驶的技术问题,本实施例提供了如下技术方案。
在控制系统4中,数据采集单元41包括至少一加速度传感器411,用以实时采集机器人100(或车体1)的加速度数据;加速度传感器411连接至处理器42,将车体1的加速度数据传送给处理器42,处理器42分析动态加速度数据,可以分析出在车体行驶过程中车体的受力方向及行进方向等。处理器42将机器人100的加速度数据建立三维坐标系并分解计算,定义机器人100行进方向为Y轴正方向,定义垂直于所述斜坡平面的方向为Z轴方向;所述X轴与所述Y轴所处平面与所述斜坡平面平行。根据加速度数据在X轴方向的向量,判断车体1是否有向左或向右偏离,若发生偏离,所述处理器向动力系统3发出至少一方向调整指令,使得车体1回到其原本的直线路线上;若没有偏离,处理器42判定车体1为直线行驶。
进一步地,为了保证直线行驶判断的精确性,除了用加速度传感器判定之外,还可以采用磁传感器技术对加速度传感器判定发现偏离路线的情况,再次进行判定,也就是磁传感器二次判定。为此,在控制系统4中,数据采集单元41还可以包括一磁传感器412,连接至处理器42,磁传感器412以感应磁场强度来测量电流、位置、方向等物理参数。本实施例中,磁传感器412用以实时采集行进方向数据,与根据优化路径数据预先设定的标准行进方向对比后进行判断,以确认车体是否为直线行驶,使得车体是否直线行驶的判断更加精确。
为了解决如何判断本实施例所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人(以下简称机器人)是否为直线行驶的技术问题,本实施例提供了一种清扫机器人100在斜坡平面300上直线行驶判定方法,可以包括如下各个步骤。由于太阳能面板为一斜坡平面,因此本判定方法可以用于判断太阳能面板清扫机器人是否为直线行驶。
步骤S1)如图22所示,在所述机器人上建立三维坐标系,定义所述机器人行进方向为Y轴正方向,定义垂直于所述斜坡平面的方向为Z轴方向;所述X轴与所述Y轴所处平面与所述斜坡平面平行。
步骤S2)定义所述机器人行进方向为Ts时,重力加速度g在所述三维坐标系三个方向上的标准分向量gxs0、gys0、gzs0
步骤S3)生成一标准方向参数库;具体包括如下步骤:步骤S31)控制所述机器人在所述斜坡平面上沿着预设的一圆环路径做匀速圆周运动,所述匀速圆周运动的角速度为0.1~1.0度/秒;步骤S32)在所述机器人做圆周运动过程中,每隔一定时间间隔t0实时采集并记录至少一组标准方向参数,所述时间间隔t0为0.1-5.0秒;每一组标准方向参数包括所述机器人的一行进方向Ts及对应该行进方向的标准分向量gxs0、gys0、gzs0;以及步骤S33)根据至少一组标准方向参数生成一标准方向参数库。以角速度0.1度/秒,采集时间间隔t0=1秒为例,机器人100在斜坡平面300上完成一次匀速圆周运动,大概需要3600秒,每隔1秒采集一次机器人的行进方向Ts及相应的加速度标准分向量gxs0、gys0、gzs0,这样就可以得到3600组不同方向的参数,将其记录为3600组标准方向参数。
步骤S4)控制所述机器人在所述斜坡平面上沿着预设的一直线路径向任一方向Tm直线行驶。
步骤S5)从所述标准方向参数库中调取对应该行进方向Tm的标准分向量gxm0、gym0、gzm0数据。
步骤S6)每隔一定时间间隔t实时采集一组实时方向参数,所述实时方向参数包括重力加速度g在所述三维坐标系三个方向上的实时分向量gxm1、gym1、gzm1,所述时间间隔t为0.1-1.0秒。
步骤S7)计算重力加速度g在所述X轴方向上的实时分向量与标准分向量的分向量差值gxd=gxm1-gxm0
步骤S8)判定所述机器人是否沿着预设的直线路径行驶;当gxd等于0时,判定所述机器人沿着预设的直线路径行驶,返回步骤S6);当gxd不等于0时,判定所述机器人偏离预设的直线路径。
由于机器人100在斜坡平面300上的重力加速度g是一个定值,当机器人100在斜坡平面300上运行时,行进方向Ts及该方向加速度分向量数据gxs、gys、gzs应该是与标准数据库中的标准方向参数是一致的。在本实施例中,判断机器人是否直线行驶,本质上就是判断机器人是否相对于直线行进路线发生向左或向右的微小偏离,因此只需要判断重力加速度g在所述X轴方向上的实时分向量与标准分向量与是否相同即可,相同就没有偏离,不同就发生偏离,进一步地,可以根据分向量差值gxd=gxm1-gxm0是正数还是负数来判断是向左偏离还是向右偏离。
进一步地,本实施例还提供了另一种机器人在斜坡平面上直线行驶判定方法,在上述 步骤S8)判定所述机器人偏离预设的直线路径之后还可以包括如下步骤:步骤S9)利用一磁传感器获取实时行进方向Tn;步骤S10)比对所述实时行进方向Tn与所述行进方向Tm,如果二者一致,判定所述机器人沿着预设的直线路径行驶,返回步骤S6);如果二者不一致,判定所述机器人偏离预设的直线路径。在前次判定机器人偏离直线路径的情况下,对其进行二次判定,以避免出现意外,使得判断结果更加精确。
控制系统4发现机器人行驶路线发生偏移后,必须第一时间将其纠正过来,使得机器人可以尽早回到应有路线,这一过程可以称为校偏处理。为了解决如何控制所述机器人在斜坡平面上直线行驶的技术问题,本实施例提供了一种机器人在斜坡平面上直线行驶控制方法,可以包括如下步骤。
步骤S11)根据前文中步骤S1)-S8)或者步骤S1)-S10)所述的机器人在斜坡平面上直线行驶判定方法来判断一机器人是否沿着预设的直线路径行驶;若所述机器人偏离预设的直线路径,执行步骤S12)。
步骤S12)控制所述机器人在行驶过程中向所述Tm方向偏转;具体包括如下步骤:步骤S121)在标准方向参数库调取与所述实时方向参数对应的实际行进方向Tn;步骤S122)计算所述机器人需要调整的偏转方向和偏转角度;所述偏转角度为所述实际行进方向Tn与预设行进方向Tm的夹角角度;步骤S123)根据所述机器人需要调整的偏转方向和偏转角度,向动力系统3发出一方向调整指令,控制所述机器人向左或向右发生偏转。
步骤S13)控制所述机器人在所述斜坡平面上沿着Tm方向直线行驶;返回步骤S11)。
其中,所述机器人在斜坡平面上直线行驶的判定方法,如步骤S1)-S8),或步骤S1)-S10),可以在极短时间内根据一组加速度数据(及磁传感器数据)快速判断出车体在斜坡上是否直线行驶;由于加速度传感器可以实时采集数据,每隔一段时间就会采集一组数据;因此,上述的判定过程也是每隔一段时间就会定期判定一次。无论何时发现机器人(车体)在斜坡平面上过程中,偏离了直线路线,都可以判定此时机器人发生偏离。
其中,所述机器人在斜坡平面上直线行驶的控制方法,如步骤S11)~步骤S13),是基于前述的机器人在斜坡平面上直线行驶判定技术,当确认机器人发生偏离之后,第一时间调整机器人的行进方向,使其回复到原有方向的路径上来。
在本发明中,所述机器人在斜坡平面上直线行驶的判定方法与所述机器人在斜坡平面上直线行驶的控制方法配合使用,可以确保清扫机器人在直线行驶过程中不会发生偏离,从而可以确保清扫机器人可以沿着预先设定的优化导航路径,在最短时间内走遍整个太阳 能面板,又快又好地将整个太阳能面板清扫干净。
根据时间最短、行驶路径最短的原则,机器人在一矩形斜坡上的优化导航路径很容易就可以规划和计算出来,如何使机器人可以沿着预先设定的优化导航路径行驶,本实施例提供一系列的控制方案和导航方法,导航方法是指使得机器人沿着导航路径行驶的控制方法。
在本实施例中,数据采集单元41还可以包括至少一距离传感器413,包括但不限于超声波传感器及光脉冲传感器。距离传感器413设置于机器人100(车体1)外部边缘处,具体地说,可以设置在车体1(车身11)的四个角上,如图2所示,当机器人100在一矩形斜坡上行驶时,距离传感器413前端朝向矩形斜坡方向。距离传感器413连接至处理器42;用以实时采集距离传感器413与矩形斜坡的距离数据;处理器42根据距离传感器413与所述矩形斜坡的距离数据,判断车体1是否位于所述矩形斜坡的边缘处或角落处。
在本实施例中,距离传感器413数目为四个,分别设置于机器人(车体)的四个角落处;当只有两个距离传感器413能采集到所述距离数据时,处理器42判定机器人(车体)位于矩形斜坡300的边缘处,向动力系统3发出至少一转向指令(U字回转);当只有一个距离传感器采集到所述距离数据时,所述处理器判定机器人(车体)位于矩形斜坡300的某一角落处,向动力系统3发出至少一转向指令(90度转弯或U字回转)。四个距离传感器413也可以分别设置于车体1每一侧边的中部,处理器发现某一侧边上的距离传感器413无法采集到距离数据时,就可以判断这一侧边位于矩形斜坡的边缘处;如果有两个相邻的侧边皆位于矩形斜坡边缘处,就可以判断车体1位于太阳能面板200的某一角落处。距离传感器413数目也可以为八个,分别设置于车体1的四个角落处或车体1四个方向侧边的中部。
控制系统4还可以包括一计数器414,用以计算车体1在斜坡平面行驶中经过的角落,在机器人的一次工作中,每当处理器42判断出车体到达某一角落时,就在计数器上加一。处理器42通过计数器414反馈的技术结果可以清楚地知道车体1到达的角落的顺序(第几个角落)。
工作人员预先将规划好的优化路径录入至控制系统4的存储器,所述处理器并根据所述导航路径和机器人(车体)的实时位置向动力系统3发送控制指令,包括启动、停止、直行、向左或向右90度转弯、向左或向右U字回转(转到相邻车道上的180度转弯),以控制车体在行进中按照导航路径行驶。
本实施例中公开四种机器人在矩形斜坡上行驶的路径导航方法,其详细内容详见下文。太阳能面板也是一种矩形斜坡,清扫机器人在太阳能面板上的行驶路径导航方法也适用于下文所述的机器人在矩形斜坡上行驶的路径导航方法。
本实施例中公开的第一种机器人在矩形斜坡上行驶的路径导航方法,包括如下步骤:步骤S101)设定所述矩形斜坡的左下角为导航起点;步骤S102)控制所述机器人从所述导航起点向所述矩形斜坡的左上角直线行驶;步骤S103)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第一角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第一角落,返回步骤S102);若所述机器人到达所述第一角落,控制所述机器人向右转向90度;步骤S104)控制所述机器人直线行驶;步骤S105)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第二角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第二角落,返回步骤S104);若所述机器人到达所述第二角落,控制所述机器人向右进行U字回转;步骤S106)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第三角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶,并实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第四角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第四角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第四角落,控制所述机器人停止行驶;步骤S107)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的边缘处,若所述机器人到达所述矩形斜坡的一边缘处;控制所述机器人向左进行U字回转;步骤S108)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第三角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第三角落,实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第四角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第四角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第四角落,控制所述机器人停止行驶;步骤S109)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的边缘处,若所述机器人到达所述矩形斜坡的一边缘处;控制所述机器人向右进行U字回转;返回步骤S106)。
采用第一种路径导航方法的机器人在矩形斜坡上的行驶路径可以有很多种,由于矩形斜坡的长度、宽度与机器人长度、宽度的比例各不相同,所以机器人行驶路径的长短也各不相同,机器人停止行驶的位置也各不相同(停在左下角或右下角)。如图23、图24所示为机器人100使用第一种路径导航方法在矩形斜坡300上行驶的两种可能的行驶路径。
本实施例中公开的第二种机器人在矩形斜坡上行驶路径导航方法,包括如下步骤:步骤S201)设定所述矩形斜坡的右下角为导航起点;步骤S202)控制所述机器人从所述导航 起点向所述矩形斜坡的右上角直线行驶;步骤S203)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第一角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第一角落,返回步骤S202);若所述机器人到达所述第一角落,控制所述机器人向左转向90度;步骤S204)控制所述机器人直线行驶;步骤S205)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第二角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第二角落,返回步骤S204);若所述机器人到达所述第二角落,控制所述机器人向左进行U字回转;步骤S206)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第三角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶,并实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第四角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第四角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第四角落,控制所述机器人停止行驶;步骤S209)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的边缘处,若所述机器人到达所述矩形斜坡的一边缘处;控制所述机器人向右进行U字回转;返回步骤S206)。
采用第二种路径导航方法的机器人在矩形斜坡上的行驶路径可以有很多种,由于矩形斜坡的长度、宽度与机器人长度、宽度的比例各不相同,所以机器人行驶路径的长短也各不相同,机器人停止行驶的位置也各不相同(停在左下角或右下角)。如图25、图26所示为机器人100使用第二种路径导航方法在矩形斜坡300上行驶的两种可能的行驶路径。
本实施例中公开的第三种机器人在矩形斜坡上行驶路径导航方法,包括如下步骤:步骤S301)设定所述矩形斜坡的左下角为导航起点;步骤S302)控制所述机器人从所述导航起点向所述矩形斜坡的左上角直线行驶;步骤S303)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第一角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第一角落,返回步骤S302);若所述机器人到达所述第一角落,控制所述机器人向右进行U字回转;步骤S304)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第二角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第二角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第二角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶,并实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第三角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人停止行驶;步骤S305)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的边缘处,若所述机器人到达所述矩形斜坡的一边缘处;控制所述机器人向左进行U字回转;步骤S306)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第二角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第二角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第二角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶,并实时检测所 述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第三角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人停止行驶;步骤S307)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的边缘处,若所述机器人到达所述矩形斜坡的一边缘处;控制所述机器人向右进行U字回转;返回步骤S304)。
采用第三种路径导航方法的机器人在矩形斜坡上的行驶路径可以有很多种,由于矩形斜坡的长度、宽度与机器人长度、宽度的比例各不相同,所以机器人行驶路径的长短也各不相同,机器人停止行驶的位置也各不相同(停在左下角或右下角)。如图27、图28所示为机器人100使用第三种路径导航方法在矩形斜坡300上行驶的两种可能的行驶路径。
本实施例中公开的第四种机器人在矩形斜坡上行驶路径导航方法,包括如下步骤:步骤S401)设定所述矩形斜坡的右下角为导航起点;步骤S402)控制所述机器人从所述导航起点向所述矩形斜坡的右上角直线行驶;步骤S403)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第一角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第一角落,返回步骤S402);若所述机器人到达所述第一角落,控制所述机器人向左进行U字回转;步骤S404)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第二角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第二角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第二角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶,并实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第三角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人停止行驶;步骤S405)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的边缘处,若所述机器人到达所述矩形斜坡的一边缘处;控制所述机器人向右进行U字回转;步骤S406)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第二角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第二角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第二角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶,并实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的第三角落;若所述机器人未到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人直线行驶;若所述机器人到达所述第三角落,控制所述机器人停止行驶;步骤S407)实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的边缘处,若所述机器人到达所述矩形斜坡的一边缘处;控制所述机器人向左进行U字回转;返回步骤S404)。
采用第四种路径导航方法的机器人在矩形斜坡上的行驶路径可以有很多种,由于矩形斜坡的长度、宽度与机器人长度、宽度的比例各不相同,所以机器人行驶路径的长短也各不相同,机器人停止行驶的位置也各不相同(停在左下角或右下角)。如图29、图30所示为机器人100使用第四种路径导航方法在矩形斜坡300上行驶的两种可能的行驶路径。
在上述四种机器人在矩形斜坡上行驶路径导航方法中,判定所述机器人是否为直线行驶,或者控制所述机器人直线行驶,其具体方法在前文中已有详细描述,在此不作赘述。控制所述机器人向左或向右90度转弯,在前文动力系统介绍中已有详细描述,在此不作赘述。
在上述四种机器人在矩形斜坡上行驶路径导航方法中,实时检测所述机器人是否行进至所述矩形斜坡的一角落或一边缘处,具体包括如下步骤:步骤S1011)在所述机器人的左前部、右前部、左后部及右后部分别设置一距离传感器413,距离传感器413延伸至所述机器人的外部,距离传感器413朝向太阳能面板200;步骤S1012)依次为四个距离传感器413编号,将所述机器人的左前部、右前部、左后部及右后部设置的距离传感器413分别定义为传感器N1、传感器N2、传感器N3及传感器N4;步骤S1013)所述机器人根据任一时刻同时获取的传感器信号判断所述机器人的位置;当所述机器人同时获取传感器N3信号和传感器N4信号时,判定所述机器人到达所述矩形斜坡的一边缘处;当所述机器人只能获取传感器N4信号时,判定所述机器人到达所述矩形斜坡的第一角落或第二角落;当所述机器人只能获取传感器N3信号时,判定所述机器人到达所述矩形斜坡的第三角落或第四角落;步骤S1014)当判定所述机器人到达所述矩形斜坡的一角落,读取计数器的计数结果,以判断该角落的顺序(第几个角落)。
在上述四种机器人在矩形斜坡上行驶路径导航方法中,控制所述机器人向左进行U字回转,具体包括如下步骤:步骤S1031)控制所述机器人原地向左转向90度;步骤S1032)控制所述机器人直线行驶一定距离,所述一定距离等于所述机器人的宽度;以及步骤S1033)控制所述机器人原地向左转向90度。
在上述四种机器人在矩形斜坡上行驶路径导航方法中,控制所述机器人向右进行U字回转,具体包括如下步骤:步骤S1041)控制所述机器人原地向右转向90度;步骤S1042)控制所述机器人直线行驶一定距离,所述一定距离等于所述机器人的宽度;步骤S1043)控制所述机器人原地向右转向90度。
上述四种机器人在矩形斜坡上行驶路径导航方法,其技术效果在于,可以让机器人在最短时间内,无间断、不重复地以最短路径走遍矩形斜坡的每一个角落,实现对矩形斜坡的全面覆盖。在本实施例中,清扫机器人利用上述四种导航方法中的任一种都可以在短时间内走遍太阳能面板的每一个角落,对其进行有效清扫。由于清扫过程中会产生污水,可能会沿着太阳能面板向下滑落,因此,第三种、第四种导航方法的清理效果可能会比较差, 优选第一种、第二种导航方法。
数据采集单元41还包括一液位传感器259,连接至处理器42,用于实时采集液体分发容器25中的液位数据,在清扫装置工作中,控制系统4可以根据液体分发容器25内的实时液位数据向抽水泵28发送至少一抽水泵28控制信号以启动或停止抽水泵28的运行,或者控制液体排放速度。例如,当液体分发容器25内的实时液位数据降低到一预设阈值时,控制系统4可以发出一抽水泵28减速指令,控制抽水泵28减慢抽水速度;当液体分发容器25内的实时液位数据降低到最低点时,或者,当控制系统4发出一车体停止指令时,控制系统4可以发出一抽水泵28停止指令,控制抽水泵28停止运行。
控制系统4还包括至少一报警单元44,连接至处理器42,报警单元44可以为设置在车体外部的一红灯或蜂鸣器。当某一工作参数超过设定阈值时,所述报警单元发出报警信号,例如,当液体分发容器25中的液位数据低于某一预设阈值时,或者当电力系统5电力不足时,或者当所述清扫机器人发出故障时,报警单元44都可以发出报警信号以提醒用户。
数据采集单元41包括至少一影像传感器415或摄像头,连接至处理器42,设置于车体1前端(如图2、图3所示),用以采集车体1行进过程中车体1前方的影像,这些影像可以存储至所述存储单元以便于工作人员查看机器人的工作状态。
本实施例中,控制系统4的技术效果在于,提供多种清洁机器人在太阳能面板上行进的优化路径以及机器人在斜坡平面直线行进的控制方法,确保机器人可以不重复地走过太阳能面板的全部空间,覆盖面积大,不会从太阳能面板边缘处落下,既可以保证了清洁效果,又可以保证工作效率。
太阳能面板清扫机器人100还可以包括至少一无线通信单元45,无线连接至一服务器400,用于在太阳能面板清扫机器人100与服务器400之间建立通信。车体1前方的影像可以实时发送至服务器400,以便于工作人员实现清扫机器人在工作进程中的有效查看,有效解决现有技术中太阳能面板位于高处时,清扫机器人在面板上工作状态监控困难的技术问题。
在本实施例中,如图3所示,电力系统5为一个或一组设置在电池盒51内的一次性电池或可充电电池(图未示),需要工作人员定期将所述清扫机器人从太阳能面板上取下,对其进行更换电池处理或充电处理,使其可以继续工作。
实施例1提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,可以在太阳能面板上自由运行,有效去除面板上的灰尘及其他附着物,去污效果良好;本发明的清扫机器人在太阳能面板上运行过 程中,按照设定的优化路径行驶,可以不重复地覆盖面板的全部空间,工作效率高;本发明的清扫机器人可以根据程序自动转弯或调头,实现自动控制,操作方便。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1大部分技术方案相同,其区别技术特征在于,实施例2还包括一种太阳能面板清扫机器人无线充电系统(可简称无线充电系统),如图31~图33所示,无线充电系统6包括设置在清扫机器人外部的至少一无线电力发射装置61,及设置在清扫机器人内部或外表面的一无线电力接收装置6262。每一无线电力发射装置61包括一发射线圈611,发射线圈611直接地或间接地连接至一电源;无线电力接收装置6262包括一接收线圈621,接收线圈621直接地或间接地连接至一可充电电池622;当接收线圈612位于发射线圈611上方时,接收线圈612与发射线圈611实现电磁感应耦合或磁共振耦合,发射线圈611将无线电能传输至接收线圈612。
从具体的技术原理及解决方案来说,目前无线充电技术主要有电磁感应式、磁共振式、无线电波式、电场耦合式四种基本方式,分别适用于近程、中短程与远程电力传送;本发明中采用的是电磁感应式和磁共振式,优选电磁感应式。在无线充电领域,目前最成熟、最普遍的是电磁感应式,其根本原理是利用电磁感应原理,类似于变压器,在发射端和接收端各有一个线圈,初级线圈上通一定频率的交流电,由于电磁感应在次级线圈中产生一定的电流,从而将能量从发射端转移到接收端。
本实施例中,为了保证太阳能面板的能量转化效率,无线电力发射装置61可以安装在太阳能面板200附近,但是不能影响面板的正常工作。如图32所示,发射线圈611可以设置于任一太阳能面板200的下表面,如图33所示,接收线圈612可以设置于清扫机器人100底部的下表面,接收线圈612安置于车体1的外部,在车体的最下方,使得接收线圈612与发射线圈611距离尽量拉近。鉴于太阳能面板200的厚度比较薄,一般只有几厘米,因此,本实施例中,接收线圈612也可以设置于清扫机器人100内部底层。
如图34所示,发射线圈611还可以设置于任意两块相邻太阳能面板200连接处的缝隙201下方,如果缝隙201比较大,发射线圈611可以设置于缝隙201内。如图35所示,接收线圈612在行驶至发射线圈611上方时停留,接收线圈612与发射线圈611耦合。
在发射线圈611上持续通有一定频率的交流电,当机器人行驶至发射线圈611上方时,发射端与接收端建立通信,由于电磁感应耦合的效果,在接收线圈612中也会产生一定频率的交流电流,从而将能量从无线电力发射装置61转移到无线电力接收装置62。机器人行 驶至发射线圈611上方建立通信,接收线圈612可以在发射线圈611正上方,也可以在发射线圈611正上方附近,只要建立通信就可以实现无线充电,当接收线圈612位于发射线圈611正上方时,耦合效果最好,充电效率最高、充电速度最快。
电磁感应式无线充电技术的不足之处在于,电能传输的有效距离比较近,只能在数毫米至数厘米之间可以稳定高效地传输能量,因此在本实施例中,需要使得接收线圈612与发射线圈611之间的距离尽可能最近。当接收线圈612位于发射线圈611上方、接收线圈612与发射线圈611实现电磁感应耦合时,发射线圈611与接收线圈612的距离为1mm~40mm,优选2mm、5mm、10mm、15mm及20mm,以确保可以稳定高效地实现充电功能,便于安装和维护。发射线圈611与接收线圈612的距离是指,当发射线圈611与接收线圈612平行时,发射线圈611所在平面与接收线圈612所在平面的距离。在本实施例中,发射线圈611与接收线圈612之间存在的介质皆为非金属材质,二者之间的介质包括太阳能面板、机器人外壳、空气等,太阳能面板材质为标准硅材料、机器人外壳材质为硬质塑料(如高分子树脂材料)。太阳能面板内部、任意两块相邻太阳能面板连接处(如边框等)也不能有金属材料,当接收线圈612与发射线圈611实现电磁感应耦合时,一旦电磁场内存在金属,就会导致部件发热损毁,因此接收线圈612、发射线圈611附近不能存在金属。
如图31所示,无线电力发射装置61可以包括一直流电源612、一逆变电路613以及一发射端控制器614。直流电源612用于提供直流电流;逆变电路613输入端连接直流电源612,其输出端连接至发射线圈611;发射端控制器614连接至逆变电路613,用于控制逆变电路613的输出功率;逆变电路613用于将所述直流电流转换为可变频率和占空比的交流电流,并将所述交流电流输出给发射线圈611。
如图36所示,直流电源612可以为至少一太阳能发电模组6121,本实施例是直接应用于太阳能面板200的,因此太阳能发电后可以直接作为本实施例的直流电源,由于太阳能发电模组6121输出的直流电压不稳定,因此无线电力发射装置61还需要设置一DC-DC稳压电路6122,其输入端连接至太阳能发电模组6121,其输出端连接至逆变电路613的输入端;其中,DC-DC稳压电路6122用以对所述直流电流进行稳压处理,使得逆变电路613获得稳定的直流电流源。如图37所示,直流电源612还可以包括一交流电源6123以及一AC-DC适配器6124;交流电源6123用以提供交流电流;AC-DC适配器6124的输入端连接至交流电源6123,其输出端连接至逆变电路613的输入端;AC-DC适配器6124用于将 所述交流电流转换为稳定的直流电流。
如图31所示,无线电力接收装置62还包括一整流电路623、一DC-DC转换电路624以及一接收端控制器625。整流电路623的输入端连接至接收线圈612,用于将接收线圈612输出的交流电流转换成直流电流;DC-DC转换电路624的输入端连接至整流电路623的输出端,其输出端连接至可充电电池622;接收端控制器625连接至DC-DC转换电路624;接收端控制器625内存储有可充电电池622的至少一充电曲线,根据充电曲线计算可充电电池622的最佳充电电压;其中,DC-DC转换电路624将整流电路623输出的直流电流的电压转换成可充电电池的最佳充电电压,并为可充电电池充电。
如图31所示,无线电力接收装置62还包括一电池信息采集器626,一无线充电开关627以及一电池管理器628。
电池信息采集器626连接至可充电电池622,用于采集可充电电池622的剩余容量SOC值;无线充电开关627的一端连接至DC-DC转换电路624,其另一端连接至可充电电池622或整流电路623;电池管理器628的一端连接至电池信息采集器626,以实时获取可充电电池622的剩余容量SOC值;其另一端连接至无线充电开关627,以控制无线充电开关627闭合或断开;其中,当可充电电池622的剩余容量SOC值小于一预设的电量阈值时,电池管理器628控制无线充电开关627闭合;当可充电电池622的剩余容量SOC值大于或等于一充电容量阈值(如90%或100%)时,电池管理器628控制无线充电开关627断开。
太阳能面板清扫机器人在无线充电过程中,需要解决无线电力发射装置61与无线电力接收装置62实现数据通信的技术问题。
如图38所示,无线电力发射装置61与无线电力接收装置62组成一无线通信系统63,其中,无线电力发射装置61包括一发射端信号载入单元631,连接至发射线圈611;及一发射端信号导出单元632,连接至发射线圈611;无线电力接收装置62包括一接收端信号载入单元633,连接至接收线圈612;及一接收端信号导出单元634,连接至接收线圈612。
当接收线圈612与发射线圈611实现电磁感应耦合时,无线电力发射装置61与无线电力接收装置62实现载波通信;发射端信号载入单元631将要发射的信息以一载波频率K1调制后加载至发射线圈611的发射电流中,接收端信号导出单元634以调制频率K1将接收线圈612的接收电流中的信息解调后滤波导出;接收端信号载入单元633将要发射的信息以一载波频率K2调制后加载至接收线圈612的接收电流中,发射端信号导出单元632以调制频率K2将发射线圈611的发射电流中的信息解调后滤波导出。
当接收线圈612与发射线圈611实现磁共振耦合时,无线电力发射装置61与无线电力接收装置62实现载波通信;发射端信号载入单元631将要发射的信息以磁共振频率K3为载波调制到磁共振的发射线圈611的发射电流中,接收端信号导出单元634从接收线圈612的接收电流中以磁共振频率K3为载波将所述信息解调并滤波导出;接收端信号载入单元633将要发射的信息以磁共振频率K3为载波调制到磁共振的接收电流中,发射端信号导出单元632以磁共振频率K3为载波将所述信息解调并滤波导出。
太阳能面板清扫机器人在无线充电过程中,为了提高电能利用率、延长电池使用寿命及保障电池安全,需要解决根据可充电电池622的实时电量对充电功率进行实时调整的技术问题。为此,本实施例中,发射端控制器连接至发射端信号载入单元631、发射端信号导出单元632;接收端控制器625连接至接收端信号载入单元633、接收端信号导出单元634;接收端控制器625内存储有可充电电池622的至少一充电曲线,根据所述充电曲线实时获取可充电电池622的最佳充电电压,根据所述最佳充电电压计算最佳充电功率,发出至少一充电功率调整指令;当接收线圈612与发射线圈611实现电磁感应耦合时,接收端信号载入单元633将所述充电功率调整指令以一载波频率K2调制后加载至所述接收电流中,发射端信号导出单元632以调制频率K2将所述发射电流中的所述充电功率调整指令解调后滤波导出至所述发射端控制器614;或者,当接收线圈612与发射线圈611实现磁共振耦合时,接收端信号载入单元633将所述充电功率调整指令以磁共振频率K3为载波调制到磁共振的接收电流中,发射端信号导出单元632以磁共振频率K3为载波将所述充电功率调整指令解调并滤波导出至所述发射端控制器614;所述发射端控制器614连接至所述逆变电路,根据所述充电功率调整指令调节发射线圈611的发射功率。
太阳能面板清扫机器人在无线充电过程中,为了提高电能利用率、提高无线充电效率,需要解决如何使发射线圈611和接收线圈612可以达到最佳耦合效果的技术问题。
在本实施例中,接收端控制器625实时检测接收线圈612中是否收到信号;若收到信号,发射线圈611和接收线圈612可以实现耦合,可以实现无线充电的效果,但此时可能并非最佳耦合状态。接收端控制器625若收到信号,检测接收线圈612中信号强度,并根据信号强度判断接收线圈612与发射线圈611的相对位置;控制系统4根据接收线圈612与发射线圈611的相对位置,发出至少一位置调整指令,控制清扫机器人调整其位置,使得接收线圈612位于发射线圈611正上方,发射线圈611、接收线圈612在太阳能面板200的垂直投影完全重合,使发射线圈611和接收线圈612可以达到最佳耦合效果。
本实施例中,还提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人的无线充电方法,以解决现有的太阳能面板清扫机器人存在的充电操作复杂、维护成本较高等技术问题。
本实施例所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人的无线充电方法,包括如下步骤:步骤S501)在至少一太阳能面板内部或其下方设置至少一无线电力发射装置,无线电力发射装置包括一发射线圈;将发射线圈设置于任一太阳能面板的下表面,或者,设置于任意两块相邻太阳能面板连接处的缝隙下方或缝隙内部;步骤S502)在所述清扫机器人内部或外表面设置一无线电力接收装置,无线电力接收装置包括一接收线圈;将接收线圈设置在所述清扫机器人内部底层或所述清扫机器人底部下表面;步骤S503)将所述清扫机器人放置在太阳能面板上正常作业;在所述清扫机器人行进过程中,当接收线圈位于发射线圈上方时,接收线圈与发射线圈实现电磁感应耦合或磁共振耦合;步骤S504)发射线圈将无线电能传输至接收线圈,持续为所述清扫机器人充电;步骤S505)判断所述清扫机器人电量是否充满;若电量已充满,停止充电;返回步骤S503)。
其中,所述步骤S503)具体包括如下步骤:步骤S5031)所述清扫机器人在太阳能面板上正常作业;步骤S5032)所述清扫机器人实时检测接收线圈是否产生电流;若是,执行步骤S5033);步骤S5033)判断所述清扫机器人是否需要充电;若是,执行步骤S5034);步骤S5034)根据接收线圈中电流的大小判断接收线圈与发射线圈的相对位置和相对距离;步骤S5035)所述清扫机器人调整其位置,使得接收线圈位于发射线圈正上方。
其中,所述步骤S5033)具体包括如下步骤:步骤S50331)实时获取所述可充电电池的剩余容量SOC值;步骤S50332)将所述可充电电池的剩余容量SOC值与一预设的电量阈值作对比;若所述可充电电池的剩余容量SOC值小于一预设的电量阈值(如10%或15%)时,判断所述清扫机器人需要充电。
其中,所述步骤S505)具体包括如下步骤:步骤S5051)实时获取所述可充电电池的剩余容量SOC值;步骤S5052)将所述可充电电池的剩余容量SOC值与一预设的充电容量阈值作对比;若所述可充电电池的剩余容量SOC值大于或等于预设的充电容量阈值(如95%或100%)时,判断所述清扫机器人电量已充满。
本实施例优点在于,在太阳能面板上表面、内部或者附近设置多个无线充电发射装置,在清扫机器人内部或下表面设置多个无线充电接收装置。在清扫机器人在太阳能面板上作业过程中,当清扫机器人行驶至无线充电发射装置上方时,利用电磁感应耦合方式或磁共振耦合方式对清扫机器人进行无线充电;整个充电过程可以实现自动控制,无需人工将清 扫机器人从太阳能面板上取下,使得清扫机器人可以在太阳能面板上自动运行、自动充电、自动断电,可以实现自动持续作业,有效降低管理及维护成本。
实施例3
有些太阳能面板内部或边缘处可能会设置有金属材料,这样,如果使用实施例2的技术方案,将发射线圈611设置于任一太阳能面板200的下表面或者设置于任意两块相邻太阳能面板200连接处的缝隙201下方或缝隙201内,在两个线圈实现电磁感应耦合时,就会导致部件发热损毁,此时,实施例2的技术方案不合适,需要有一个新的技术方案,使得无线充电系统可以工作。
为了解决上述问题,如图39、图40所示,实施例3提供一种太阳能面板清扫机器人无线充电系统,大部分技术方案与实施例2相同,其区别技术特征在于,还可以包括至少一充电面板500,每一充电面板500嵌入至任一太阳能面板200上或设置于任一太阳能面板200边缘处;充电面板500上表面与太阳能面板200上表面位于同一平面上,充电面板500为非金属材质制成。
如图39所示,充电面板500嵌入至任一太阳能面板200上,是指在太阳能面板加工制作时,专门留出一特定的空间,用以嵌入充电面板500,嵌入后的充电面板500上表面与太阳能面板200上表面平齐,位于同一平面上。
如图40所示,充电面板500设置于太阳能面板200边缘处,是指在太阳能面板加工制作时,在太阳能面板的几条边的边缘处安装充电面板500,该充电面板500上表面与太阳能面板200上表面平齐,位于同一平面上。
发射线圈611可以设置于任一充电面板500内,也可以设置于任一充电面板的下表面,而不是设置于任一太阳能面板的下表面或者设置于任意两块相邻太阳能面板连接处的缝隙内。
为解决上述技术问题,实施例3提供另一种太阳能面板清扫机器人的无线充电方法,包括如下步骤:步骤S601)在至少一太阳能面板上嵌入至少一充电面板;和/或,在至少一太阳能面板边缘处设置至少一充电面板;所述充电面板上表面与太阳能面板上表面位于同一平面上;步骤S602)在至少一充电面板内部或外部设置至少一无线电力发射装置,所述无线电力发射装置包括一发射线圈,所述发射线圈连接至一电源;将所述发射线圈设置于任一充电面板内,或者,设置于任一充电面板上表面或下表面;步骤S603)在所述清扫机器人内部或外表面设置一无线电力接收装置,无线电力接收装置包括一接收线圈;将接收 线圈612设置在所述清扫机器人内部底层或所述清扫机器人底部下表面;步骤S604)将所述清扫机器人放置在太阳能面板上正常作业;在所述清扫机器人行进过程中,当接收线圈位于发射线圈上方时,接收线圈与发射线圈实现电磁感应耦合或磁共振耦合;步骤S605)发射线圈将无线电能传输至接收线圈,持续为所述清扫机器人充电;步骤S606)判断所述清扫机器人电量是否充满;若电量已充满,停止充电;返回步骤S604)。
其中,所述步骤S604)具体包括如下步骤:步骤S6041)所述清扫机器人在太阳能面板上正常作业;步骤S6042)所述清扫机器人实时检测接收线圈是否产生电流;若是,执行步骤S6043);步骤S6043)判断所述清扫机器人是否需要充电;若是,执行步骤S6044);步骤S6044)根据接收线圈中电流的大小判断接收线圈与发射线圈的相对位置和相对距离;步骤S6045)所述清扫机器人调整其位置,使得接收线圈位于发射线圈正上方。清扫机器人在太阳能面板上正常作业过程中,实时检测接收线圈是否产生电流,也就是时刻检测清扫机器人(接收线圈)附近是否存在与接收线圈耦合的发射线圈。当发现附近存在与接收线圈耦合的发射线圈之后,根据清扫机器人内可充电电池的残余电量,判断是否需要充电,如果需要充电,控制系统控制清扫机器人停止运行,开始为清扫机器人内可充电电池进行无线充电。
其中,所述步骤S6043)具体包括如下步骤:步骤S60431)实时获取所述可充电电池的剩余容量SOC值;步骤S60432)将所述可充电电池的剩余容量SOC值与一预设的电量阈值作对比;若所述可充电电池的剩余容量SOC值小于一预设的电量阈值(如10%或15%或25%,等等)时,判断所述清扫机器人需要充电。预设电量阈值是根据太阳能面板附近发射线圈的分布情况来确定的,预设电量阈值要大于或等于清扫机器人到达下一个发射线圈消耗的电量。如果发射线圈是平均分布的,预设电量阈值要大于或等于清扫机器人在任意两个相邻发射线圈之间单程运行时消耗的电量。
其中,所述步骤S606)具体包括如下步骤:步骤S6061)实时获取所述可充电电池的剩余容量SOC值;步骤S6062)将所述可充电电池622的剩余容量SOC值与一预设的充电容量阈值作对比;若所述可充电电池622的剩余容量SOC值大于或等于预设的充电容量阈值(如95%或100%)时,判断所述清扫机器人电量已充满,停止充电。清扫机器人的控制系统启动动力系统和清扫装置,控制所述清扫机器人继续工作。
本实施例优点在于,独立设置一充电面板,与太阳能面板位于同一平面上;即使在太阳能面板上存在金属材料,也可以使得接收线圈与发射线圈可以实现电磁感应耦合,进而 实现对机器人的无线充电。整个充电过程可以实现自动控制,无需人工将清扫机器人从太阳能面板上取下,使得清扫机器人可以在太阳能面板上自动运行、自动充电、自动断电,可以实现自动持续作业,有效降低管理及维护成本。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种太阳能面板清扫机器人,包括:
    一车体,在至少一太阳能面板上行驶或停止;所述车体内部或外部设有:
    一清扫装置,用以清扫所述太阳能面板;
    一动力系统,用以调整所述车体在所述太阳能面板上的行进方向和行驶速度;
    一控制系统,分别连接至所述动力系统、所述清扫装置;以及
    一电力系统,分别连接至所述动力系统、所述清扫装置、所述控制系统,用以为所述动力系统、所述清扫装置、所述控制系统提供电力;
    其中,所述控制系统向所述动力系统发出至少一行进控制指令,所述动力系统根据所述行进控制指令控制所述车体行驶或停止;
    其中,所述控制系统向所述清扫装置发出至少一清扫控制指令,所述清扫装置根据所述清扫控制指令清扫或停止清扫所述太阳能面板。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述清扫装置包括:
    一清扫电机,包括一清扫电机转轴;
    一滚刷,其中心设有一滚刷从动轴;以及
    一传动机构,同时连接至所述清扫电机转轴及所述滚刷从动轴,所述清扫电机转轴通过所述传动机构带动所述滚刷从动轴转动。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述传动机构包括:
    一主动齿轮,设置于所述清扫电机转轴上;
    一从动齿轮,设置于所述滚刷从动轴上;以及
    一双联齿轮,包括
    一大齿圈,与所述主动齿轮啮合;及
    一小齿圈,与所述从动齿轮啮合。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述清扫装置还包括:
    一液体分发容器,为可拆卸的密封容器,其底部设有一排液口;
    至少一喷头,设置于所述滚刷上方或侧方;每一喷头包括一喷嘴,所述喷嘴正对所述滚刷;
    一分叉管道,包括彼此连通的一主管及至少一支管;所述主管连通至所述排液口;每一支管连通至一喷头;以及
    一抽水泵,设置于所述主管上。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述液体分发容器包括:
    一柱形部;
    一锥形部,其底面连接至所述柱形部的下底面;以及
    一排液口,设于所述锥形部的顶点处;
    其中,所述液体分发容器设置于一斜坡平面上;所述锥形部的侧面与锥形部底面的夹角大于或等于所述斜坡平面与水平面的夹角。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述液体分发容器还包括:
    一容器盖板,固定安装至所述柱形部的上底面处;
    一加注口,穿透所述盖板;
    一加注口盖体,可拆卸式安装至所述通气口;以及
    一双向泄压阀,穿透式安装至所述加注口盖体。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述动力系统包括:
    一左前轮,安装在所述车体底面前部的左侧,包括:一左前轮毂;以及,一左前轮轴,设置于所述左前轮毂中心处;
    一右前轮,安装在所述车体底面前部的右侧,包括:一右前轮毂;以及,一右前轮轴,设置于所述右前轮毂中心处;
    一左驱动电机,安装在所述车体底部,包括:一左驱动转轴,连接至所述左前轮轴,用以控制所述左前轮的转速和旋转方向;以及,
    一右驱动电机,安装在所述车体底部,包括:一右驱动转轴,连接至所述右前轮轴,用以控制所述右前轮的转速和旋转方向。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述动力系统还包括:
    一左后轮,安装在所述车体底面后部的左侧,包括:一左后轮毂,与所述左前轮毂设于同一直线上;以及,一左后轮轴,设置于所述左后轮毂中心处;
    一右后轮,安装在所述车体底面后部的右侧,包括:一右后轮毂,与所述右前轮毂设于同一直线上;以及,一右后轮轴,设置于所述右后轮毂中心处;以及,
    两个履带,皆为一柔性链环,其中一履带包覆在所述左前轮毂、所述左后轮毂的一环形侧壁外部;另一履带包覆在所述右前轮毂、所述右后轮毂的一环形侧壁外部。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述动力系统还包括:
    至少一轮毂轮齿,均匀设置在所述左前轮毂、所述左后轮毂、所述右前轮毂、所述右后轮毂的环形侧壁外部表面;
    至少一履带内齿,均匀设置在所述履带的内侧壁表面,所述履带内齿与所述轮毂轮齿啮合;以及
    至少一防滑块,突出于两个履带的外侧壁;或者,至少一防滑花纹,下凹于两个履带的外侧 壁。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述动力系统还包括至少一履带张紧装置;每一履带张紧装置包括:
    一上传动带,其为所述履带上部,其下表面设有至少一履带内齿;
    一下传动带;其为所述履带下部,其上表面设有至少一履带内齿;
    一上张紧部,其上端与所述上传动带下表面相切或啮合,用以张紧所述上传动带;
    一下压紧部,其下端与所述下传动带上表面相切,用以压紧所述下传动带;以及
    一弹性支撑部,其一端连接至所述上张紧部,其另一端连接至所述下压紧部,用以支撑所述上张紧部及所述下压紧部。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述履带张紧装置还包括:
    一个或两个履带侧板,设置于所述履带的一侧或两侧;
    至少一腰型孔,竖直式设于所述履带侧板的上部;
    至少一安装轴,每一安装轴一端上下滑动式设置于一腰型孔内;或者,每一安装轴两端上下滑动式设置于两个相对的腰型孔内,两个相对的腰型孔分别位于两个履带侧板上。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,
    所述安装轴包括至少一齿轮安装轴及至少一传动轮安装轴;
    所述上张紧部包括:
    至少一张紧齿轮,每一张紧齿轮通过一滚动轴承安装至一齿轮安装轴上,其上端与所述上传动带下表面啮合;
    至少一张紧传动轮,每一张紧传动轮通过一滚动轴承安装至一传动轮安装轴上,其与所述张紧齿轮相切或啮合;以及
    一“V”形架,其上部的两端分别设有一传动轮安装轴,所述“V”形架上方设有一齿轮安装轴;
    其中,所述齿轮安装轴与所述传动轮安装轴平行,所述齿轮安装轴位于两个传动轮安装轴中间处的上方。
  13. 如权利要求10所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,
    所述下压紧部包括至少一张紧压板,与所述下传动带上表面相切;
    所述弹性支撑部包括一“∧”形弹性件,其上部的弯角处连接至所述上张紧部下端,其下部的两端分别连接至一张紧压板。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述控制系统包括:
    一数据采集系统,用以采集所述车体行进过程中的至少一工作参数;
    一处理器,连接至所述数据采集系统,用以向所述动力系统发出至少一行进控制指令,向所述清扫装置发出至少一清扫控制指令;以及
    至少一存储单元,连接至所述处理器,用以存储所述车体行进过程中的所述工作参数。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述数据采集系统包括至少一加速度传感器,连接至所述处理器,用以实时采集所述车体的至少一加速度数据;
    所述处理器根据所述车体的加速度数据判断所述车体是否为直线行进;若所述车体发生偏离,所述处理器根据所述加速度数据向所述动力系统发出至少一方向调整指令。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述数据采集系统包括一磁传感器,连接至所述处理器,用以实时采集所述车体至少一行进方向数据;
    所述处理器根据所述车体的行进方向数据判断所述车体是否为直线行进;若所述车体发生偏离,所述处理器根据所述行进方向数据向所述动力系统发出至少一方向调整指令。
  17. 如权利要求14所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述数据采集系统包括至少一距离传感器,设置于所述车体外部边缘处,且连接至所述处理器;所述距离传感器用以实时采集所述距离传感器与所述太阳能面板的至少一距离数据;所述处理器根据所述距离数据,判断所述车体是否位于所述太阳能面板的边缘处或角落处。
  18. 如权利要求14所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述数据采集系统包括一液位传感器,设置于一液体分发容器内,所述液位传感器连接至所述处理器,所述液位传感器用于实时采集液体分发容器中的液位数据。
  19. 如权利要求14所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述数据采集系统包括至少一影像传感器或摄像头,连接至所述处理器,设置于所述车体前端,用以采集所述车体行进过程中所述车体前方的影像。
  20. 如权利要求1所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述控制系统还包括至少一无线通信系统,无线连接至一服务器,用于在所述太阳能面板清扫机器人与所述服务器之间建立通信。
  21. 如权利要求1所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,还包括至少一无线充电系统,包括一可充电电池,设置在所述车体内部,用于提供动力;
    至少一无线电力发射装置,设置在所述车体外部;每一无线电力发射装置包括一发射线圈,所述发射线圈连接至一电源;以及
    一无线电力接收装置,设置在所述车体内部或外表面;所述无线电力接收装置包括一接收线圈,所述接收线圈连接至所述可充电电池;
    其中,当所述接收线圈位于所述发射线圈上方时,所述接收线圈与所述发射线圈实现电磁感 应耦合或磁共振耦合,所述发射线圈将无线电能传输至所述接收线圈。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,所述发射线圈设置于任一太阳能面板的下表面,或者,设置于任意两块相邻太阳能面板连接处的缝隙下方或缝隙内;所述接收线圈设置于所述清扫机器人内部底层,或者,设置于所述清扫机器人底部下表面。
  23. 如权利要求21所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,
    所述无线充电系统还包括
    至少一充电面板,每一充电面板嵌入至任一太阳能面板上或设置于任一太阳能面板边缘处;所述充电面板上表面与所述太阳能面板上表面位于同一平面上;
    其中,所述发射线圈设置于任一充电面板内,或者,设置于任一充电面板的上表面或下表面;所述接收线圈设置于所述清扫机器人内部底层,或者,设置于所述清扫机器人底部下表面。
  24. 如权利要求21所述的太阳能面板清扫机器人,其中,当所述接收线圈与所述发射线圈耦合时,所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈的距离为1mm~40mm;所述发射线圈与所述接收线圈之间的介质皆为非金属材质。
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CN110882969A (zh) * 2019-11-22 2020-03-17 深圳怪虫机器人有限公司 一种沿桥面自动行走的光伏清洁机器人
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