Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
  • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
  • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
  • A61K31/538—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
  • A01M31/00—Hunting appliances
  • A01M31/06—Decoys
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
  • A61P11/02—Nasal agents, e.g. decongestants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
  • A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
  • A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
  • A61P21/04—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system for myasthenia gravis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
  • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
  • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
  • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
  • A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
  • A61P31/20—Antivirals for DNA viruses
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
  • A61P31/20—Antivirals for DNA viruses
  • A61P31/22—Antivirals for DNA viruses for herpes viruses
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
  • A61P35/02—Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
  • A61P37/06—Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
  • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F5/02—Boron compounds
  • C07F5/025—Boronic and borinic acid compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
  • C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs

Definitions

• the present application relates to crystalline solid forms of 2,2,4-trimethyl-8-(6- methyl-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-4-yl)-6-(methylsulfonyl)-2H- benzo[b] [l,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one, which is an inhibitor of BET proteins such as BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRD-t, including methods of preparation thereof, and intermediates in the preparation thereof, where the compound is useful in the treatment of diseases such as cancer.
• the genomes of eukaryotic organisms are highly organized within the nucleus of the cell.
• DNA is packaged into chromatin by wrapping around a core of histone proteins to form a nucleosome. These nucleosomes are further compacted by aggregation and folding to form a highly condensed chromatin structure. A range of different states of condensation are possible, and the tightness of this structure varies during the cell cycle, being most compact during the process of cell division.
• Chromatin structure plays a critical role in regulating gene transcription by regulating protein access to the DNA.
• the chromatin structure is controlled by a series of post translational modifications to histone proteins, mainly within the tails of histones H3 and H4 that extend beyond the core nucleosome structure. These reversible modifications include acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination and
• Histone acetylation is typically associated with the activation of gene transcription, as the modification weakens the interaction between the DNA and the histone proteins, permitting greater access to DNA by the transcriptional machinery.
• Specific proteins bind to acetylated lysine residues within histones to "read" the epigenetic code.
• a highly conserved protein module called the bromodomain binds to acetylated lysine residues on histone and other proteins. There are more than 60 bromodomain-containing proteins in the human genome.
• the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain containing proteins comprises 4 proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRD-t) that share a conserved structural organization containing tandem N-terminal bromodomains capable of binding to acetylated lysine residues of histones and other proteins.
• BRD2, BRD3 and BRD4 are ubiquitously expressed while BRDt is restricted to germ cells.
• BRD proteins play essential, but non-overlapping roles in regulating gene transcription and controlling cell growth.
• BET proteins are associated with large protein complexes including Mediator, PAFc and super elongation complex that regulate many aspects of gene transcription.
• BRD2 and BRD4 proteins have been shown to remain in complex with chromosomes during mitosis and are required to promote transcription of critical genes including cyclin D and c-Myc that initiate the cell cycle (Mochizuki J Biol. Chem. 2008 283 :9040-9048).
• BRD4 is essential for recruiting the protein translational elongation factor B complex to the promoters of inducible genes resulting in the phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II and stimulating productive gene transcription and elongation (Jang et al. Mol. Cell 2005 19:523-534).
• a kinase activity of BRD4 may directly phosphorylate and activate RNA polymerase II (Devaiah et al.
• BRD2 and BRD3 are reported to associate with histones along actively transcribed genes and may be involved in facilitating transcriptional elongation (Leroy et al, Mol. Cell. 2008 30:51-60).
• BET proteins have been shown to bind selectively to acetylated transcription factors including the RelA subunit of NF-kB and GATAl thereby directly regulating the transcriptional activity of these proteins to control expression of genes involved in inflammation and hematopoietic differentiation (Huang et al, Mol. Cell. Biol. 2009 29: 1375-1387; Lamonica Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 201 1 108:E159-168).
• NUT nuclear protein in testes
• BRD3 or BRD4 BRD3 or BRD4 to form a novel fusion oncogene
• BRD-NUT BRD-NUT
• BRD2, BRD3 and BRD4 have been shown to impair the growth and viability of a wide range of hematological and solid tumor cells (Zuber et al, Nature 201 1 478:524-528; Delmore et al, Cell 201 1 146:904-917).
• BET proteins regulate inflammatory responses to bacterial challenge
• a BRD2 hypomorph mouse model showed dramatically lower levels of inflammatory cytokines and protection from obesity induced diabetes (Wang et al Biochem J. 2009 425:71-83; Belkina et al. J. Immunol 2013).
• BET proteins make use of these BET proteins to tether their genomes to the host cell chromatin, as part of the process of viral replication or use BET proteins to facilitate viral gene transcription and repression (You et al, Cell 2004 117:349-60; Zhu et al, Cell Reports 2012 2:807-816).
• BET protein inhibitors are in current development. Exemplary BET protein inhibitors are disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. App. Pub. Nos. 2014/0275030;
• the BET-inhibiting compound 2,2,4-trimethyl-8-(6-methyl-7- oxo-6,7-dihydro-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-4-yl)-6-(methylsulfonyl)-2H-benzo[b] [l,4]oxazin- 3(4H)-one is described in US 2015/0307493.
• a form of the drug having desirable properties with respect to its preparation, purification, reproducibility, stability, bioavailability, and other characteristics.
• the solid crystalline forms of the compound provided herein help satisfy the ongoing need for the development of BET inhibitors for the treatment of diseases.
• the present application provides, inter alia, crystalline solid forms of an inhibitor of a BET protein, wherein the inhibitor is 2,2,4-trimethyl-8-(6-methyl-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-lH- pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-4-yl)-6-(methylsulfonyl)-2H-benzo[b] [l,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one.
• compositions comprising a crystalline solid form of 2,2,4-trimethyl-8-(6-methyl-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-lH-pyrrolo[2,3- c]pyridin-4-yl)-6-(methylsulfonyl)-2H-benzo[b] [l,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• the present application also provides methods of using a crystalline solid form of 2,2,4-trimethyl-8-(6-methyl-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-4-yl)-6- (methylsulfonyl)-2H-benzo[b] [l,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one in the treatment of diseases and disorders associated with activity of BET proteins
• the present application provides methods of preparing 2,2,4-trimethyl-8-(6- methyl-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-4-yl)-6-(methylsulfonyl)-2H- benzo[b] [l,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one and crystalline solid forms thereof.
• the present application provides intermediate compounds, and methods for their preparation, useful in the synthesis of 2,2,4-trimethyl-8-(6-methyl-7-oxo-6,7- dihydro-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-4-yl)-6-(methylsulfonyl)-2H-benzo[b] [l,4]oxazin-3(4H)- one.
• FIG. 1 is an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of Form I of Compound 1.
• FIG. 2 is a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram of Form I of Compound 1.
• FIG. 3 is a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) thermogram of Form I of Compound 1.
• FIG. 4 is an XRPD pattern of Form II of Compound 1.
• FIG. 5 is a DSC thermogram of Form II of Compound 1.
• FIG. 6 is a TGA thermogram of Form II of Compound 1.
• FIG. 7 is an XRPD pattern of Form la of Compound 1.
• FIG. 8 is an XRPD pattern of Form III of Compound 1.
• FIG. 9 is an XRPD pattern of Form IV of Compound 1.
• FIG. 10 is an XRPD pattern of Form V of Compound 1.
• FIG. 1 1 is an XRPD pattern of Form Va of Compound 1.
• FIG. 12 is an XRPD pattern of Form VI of Compound 1.
• FIG. 13 is an XRPD pattern of Form VII of Compound 1.
• FIG. 14 is an XRPD partem of Form VIII of Compound 1
• FIG. 15 is an XRPD pattern of Form IX of Compound 1.
• FIG. 16 is an XRPD pattern of Form X of Compound 1.
• FIG. 17 is an XRPD pattern of Form XI of Compound 1.
• FIG. 18 is an XRPD pattern of Form XII of Compound 1.
• FIG. 19 is an XRPD pattern of Form XIII of Compound 1
• FIG. 20 is an XRPD pattern of Form XIV of Compound 1
• FIG. 21 is an XRPD pattern of Form XV of Compound 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
• the present application provides, inter alia, crystalline solid forms of an inhibitor of a BET protein, wherein the inhibitor is 2,2,4-trimethyl-8-(6-methyl-7-oxo-6.7-dihydro-lH- pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-4-yl)-6-(methylsulfonyl)-2H-benzo[b] [l,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one (see below), referred to herein as "Comp nd 1 ":
• crystalline forms of the same substance have different bulk properties relating to, for example, hygroscopicity, solubility, stability, and the like.
• Forms with high melting points often have good thermodynamic stability which is advantageous in prolonging shelf-life drug formulations containing the solid form.
• Forms with lower melting points often are less thermodynamically stable, but are advantageous in that they have increased water solubility, translating to increased drug bioavailability.
• Forms that are weakly hygroscopic are desirable for their stability to heat and humidity and are resistant to degradation during long storage.
• Anhydrous forms are often desirable because they can be consistently made without concern for variation in weight or composition due to varying solvent or water content.
• hydrated or solvated forms can be advantageous in that they are less likely to be hygroscopic and may show improved stability to humidity under storage conditions.
• the crystalline solid forms of the present invention can include solvent such as water (e.g., a hydrated form) or be substantially free of water and solvent (e.g., forming an anhydrate).
• solvent such as water (e.g., a hydrated form) or be substantially free of water and solvent (e.g., forming an anhydrate).
• the crystalline solid form is an anhydrate.
• the crystalline solid form is hydrated.
• Form I can be obtained in a solid crystalline form referred to as Form I, which is described below and in the Examples.
• Experimental data show that Form I is an anhydrate.
• Form I is characterized by its XRPD pattern and other solid state characteristics.
• Form I has a characteristic XRPD peak, in terms of 2-theta, at about 12.7 degrees.
• Form I has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.7, about 9.8, and about 12.7 degrees.
• Form I has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.7, about 9.8, about 12.7, about 21.4, and about 23.3 degrees.
• Form I has two or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.7, about 9.8, about 12.7, about 21.4, and about 23.3 degrees.
• Form I has two or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.7, about 9.8, about 11.6, about 12.7, about 14.7, about 15.7, about 20.0, about 21.4, about 23.3, and about 27.1 degrees.
• Form I has three or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.7, about 9.8, about 11.6, about 12.7, about 14.7, about 15.7, about 20.0, about 21.4, about 23.3, and about 27.1 degrees.
• Form I has four or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.7, about 9.8, about 11.6, about 12.7, about 14.7, about 15.7, about 20.0, about 21.4, about 23.3, and about 27.1 degrees.
• Form I has an XRPD partem substantially as shown in FIG. 1.
• Form I has a DSC thermogram characterized by an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 266 °C. In some embodiments, Form I has a DSC thermogram substantially as shown in FIG. 2.
• Form I has a TGA thermogram substantially as shown in FIG.
• Form I can be generally prepared by precipitating Form I from a solution comprising Compound 1 and a solvent.
• the solvent comprises methanol, acetone, n-heptane, or a mixture thereof.
• Form 1 can be prepared by precipitating Form I from a solution comprising Compound I and acetone.
• the preparation of Form I can include adding Compound 1 to a saturated solution of Compound 1 in acetone and stirring the resulting solution at about 25 °C for about 3 days.
• the precipitating of Form I is carried out by (1) reducing the temperature of the solution of Compound 1 (e.g., the solution of Compound 1 at elevated temperature), (2) concentrating the solution of Compound 1 , (3) adding an anti-solvent to the solution of Compound 1, or any combination thereof.
• the precipitating is carried out by adding the anti-solvent to the solution of Compound 1 , wherein said solution of Compound 1 comprises a protic solvent and an aprotic solvent.
• the protic solvent is methanol
• the aprotic solvent is acetone
• the anti-solvent is n-heptane.
• the precipitating of Form I is carried out by adding n-heptane to the solution of Compound 1, wherein said solution of Compound 1 comprises a methanol and acetone.
• the preparation of Form I comprises: (ia) heating the solution of Compound 1 to a temperature of about 50 °C to about
• the preparation of Form I comprises:
• Compound 1 can also be obtained as a crystalline form referred to as Form II, which is described below and in the Examples.
• Experimental data show that Form II is an anhydrate.
• Form II is characterized by its XRPD partem and other solid state characteristics.
• Form II has a characteristic XRPD peak, in terms of 2-theta, at about 17.0 degrees.
• Form II has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 17.0 and about 19.3 degrees.
• Form II has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 16.2, about 17.0, and about 19.3 degrees.
• Form II has two or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 6.7, about 9.5, about 10.5, about 14.8, about 16.2, about 17.0, about 18.8, and about 19.3 degrees. In some embodiments, Form II has three or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 6.7, about 9.5, about 10.5, about 14.8, about 16.2, about 17.0, about 18.8, and about 19.3 degrees.
• Form II has four or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 6.7, about 9.5, about 10.5, about 14.8, about 16.2, about 17.0, about 18.8, and about 19.3 degrees.
• Form II has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 4.
• Form II has a DSC thermogram characterized by an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 268 °C. In some embodiments, Form II has a DSC thermogram substantially as shown in FIG. 5.
• Form II has a TGA thermogram substantially as shown in FIG.
• Form II can be generally prepared by precipitating Form II from a solution comprising Compound I and a solvent.
• the solvent comprises tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetone, n-heptane, or a mixture thereof.
• the precipitating of Form II is carried out (1) reducing the temperature of the solution of
• precipitating of Form II is carried out by adding the anti-solvent to the solution of Compound 1, wherein said solution comprises an ether solvent and an aprotic solvent.
• the ether solvent is THF
• the aprotic solvent is acetone
• the anti-solvent is n-heptane.
• the precipitating of Form II is carried out by adding n- heptane to the solution of Compound 1, wherein said solution of Compound 1 comprises THF and acetone.
• the preparation of Form II comprises:
• Form II (ivc) cooling the warm solution of Compound 1 to a temperature of about 15 °C to about 30 °C to precipitate Form II.
• the preparation of Form II comprises:
• Compound 1 can also be obtained in solid crystalline forms referred to as Forms la, III, IV, V, Va, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, and XV, which are described below and in the Examples.
• Forms la, III, IV, V, Va, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, and XV are characterized by their XRPD pattern and other solid state characteristics.
• Form la has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.8, about 10.0, about 11.7, about 12.8, and about 13.5 degrees. In some embodiments, Form la has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.8, about 10.0, about 11.7, about 12.8, about 13.5, about 20.0, about 21.5, about 22.6, and about 23.3 degrees. In some embodiments, Form la has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 7.
• Form III has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 7.8, about 12.4, about 13.1, about 15.2, and about 15.5 degrees. In some embodiments, Form III has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 7.8, about 12.4, about 13.1, about 15.2, about 15.5, about 16.9, about 17.5, and about 20.3 degrees. In some embodiments, Form III has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 8.
• Form IV has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 11.2, about 16.3, about 18.7, and about 22.1 degrees. In some embodiments, Form IV has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 9.
• Form V has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.2, about 8.5, about 14.1, about 16.3, and about 17.1 degrees. In some embodiments, Form V has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2- theta, selected from about 8.2, about 8.5, about 14.1, about 16.3, about 17.1, about 18.9, about 19.8, about 21.8, and about 22.7 degrees. In some embodiments, Form V has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 10.
• Form Va has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.7, about 16.5, about 17.3, about 19.9, and about 21.6 degrees.
• Form Va has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 11.
• Form Va has a DSC thermogram characterized by an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 133 °C, an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 267 °C, or a combination thereof.
• Form VI has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.5, about 9.6, about 11.4, and about 12.1 degrees. In some embodiments, Form VI has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.5, about 9.6, about 11.4, about 12.1, about 13.5, about 14.5, about 15.2, about 17.1, about 17.7, about 18.1, about 19.2, and about 20.7 degrees. In some
• Form VI has an XRPD partem substantially as shown in FIG. 12.
• Form VII has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 9.9, about 12.2, about 14.8, and about 15.7 degrees. In some embodiments, Form VII has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 9.9, about 12.2, about 14.8, about 15.7, about 17.0, about 17.5, and about 18.8 degrees. In some embodiments, Form VII has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 13.
• Form VII has a DSC thermogram characterized by an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 126 °C, an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 256 °C, an exothermic peak at a temperature of about 260 °C, an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 267 °C, or a combination thereof.
• Form VIII has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.1, about 8.5, about 16.2, and about 17.0 degrees. In some embodiments, Form VIII has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2- theta, selected from about 8.1, about 8.5, about 16.2, about 16.6, about 17.0, about 17.5, about 18.0, about 18.9, about 19.6, and about 20.1 degrees. In some embodiments, Form VIII has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 14. In some embodiments, Form VIII has a DSC thermogram characterized by an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 145 °C, an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 265 °C, or a combination thereof.
• Form IX has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.6, about 9.1, about 11.4, about 13.4, and about 15.2 degrees. In some embodiments, Form IX has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2- theta, selected from about 8.6, about 9.1, about 1 1.4, about 13.4, about 15.2, about 18.2, about 22.1 , about 22.8, and about 23.9 degrees. In some embodiments, Form IX has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 15.
• Form X has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 14.9, about 15.3, about 15.8, and about 17.0 degrees. In some embodiments, Form X has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 14.9, about 15.3, about 15.8, about 17.0, about 17.7, about 18.3, and about 19.7 degrees. In some embodiments, Form X has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 16. In some embodiments, Form X has a DSC thermogram characterized by an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 121 °C, an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 267 °C, or a combination thereof.
• Form XI has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 8.9, about 12.8, about 18.0 about 21.5, about 22.6, and about 23.3 degrees. In some embodiments, Form XI has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 17.
• Form XII has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 5.6, about 11.7, about 13.8, and about 14.5 degrees. In some embodiments, Form XII has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 5.6, about 11.7, about 13.8, about 14.5, about 16.9, about 17.7, and about 18.7 degrees. In some embodiments, Form XII has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 5.6, about 1 1.7, about 13.8, about 14.5, about 16.9, about 17.7, about 18.7, about 23.5, about 24.6, about 34.3, about 44.2, and 44.6 degrees. In some embodiments, Form XII has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 18. In some embodiments, Form XII has a DSC thermogram characterized by an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 264 °C.
• Form XIII has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 5.7, about 8.6, about 9.8, and about 1 1.8 degrees. In some embodiments, Form XIII has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2- theta, selected from about 5.7, about 8.6, about 9.8, about 11.8, about 12.6, about 13.4, about 14.1 , about 14.8, about 16.6, and about 19.1 degrees. In some embodiments, Form XIII has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 19. In some embodiments, Form XIII has a DSC thermogram characterized by an endothermic peak at a temperature of 267 °C.
• Form XIV has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 4.0, about 1 1.2, about 11.9, about 14.1 , about 14.8, and about 15.9 degrees. In some embodiments, Form XIV has an XRPD pattern substantially as shown in FIG. 20. In some embodiments, Form XIV has a DSC thermogram characterized by an endothermic peak at a temperature of 267 °C.
• Form XV has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 7.4, about 9.6, about 12.4, about 13.4, and about 15.5 degrees. In some embodiments, Form XV has one or more characteristic XRPD peaks, in terms of 2-theta, selected from about 7.4, about 9.6, about 12.4, about 13.4, about 15.5, about 16.9, about 17.7, about 19.0, about 19.5, about 20.6, and about 22.5 degrees. In some embodiments, Form XV has an XRPD partem substantially as shown in FIG. 21.
• Form XV has a DSC thermogram characterized by an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 85 °C, an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 172 °C, an exothermic peak at a temperature of about 192 °C, an endothermic peak at a temperature of about 268 °C, or a combination thereof.
• solid form refers to a compound provided herein in either an amorphous state or a crystalline state ("crystalline form” or “crystalline solid” or “crystalline solid form”), whereby a compound provided herein in a crystalline state may optionally include solvent or water within the crystalline lattice, for example, to form a solvated or hydrated crystalline form.
• hydrated as used herein, is meant to refer to a crystalline form that includes water molecules in the crystalline lattice.
• hydrated crystalline forms include hemihydrates, monohydrates, dihydrates, and the like. Other hydrated forms such as channel hydrates and the like are also included within the meaning of the term.
• the different crystalline forms of the compound provide herein are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and/or thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
• XRPD X-ray powder diffraction
• DSC differential scanning calorimetry
• TGA thermogravimetric analysis
• An X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of reflections (peaks) is typically considered a fingerprint of a particular crystalline form. It is well known that the relative intensities of the XRPD peaks can widely vary depending on, inter alia, the sample preparation technique, crystal size distribution, various filters used, the sample mounting procedure, and the particular instrument employed. In some instances, new peaks may be observed or existing peaks may disappear depending on the type of instrument or the settings (for example, whether a Ni filter is used or not).
• peak or “characteristic peak” refers to a reflection having a relative height/intensity of at least about 3% of the maximum peak height/intensity. Moreover, instrument variation and other factors can affect the 2-theta values. Thus, peak assignments, such as those reported herein, can vary by plus or minus about 0.2° (2-theta), and the term “substantially” or “about” as used in the context of XRPD herein is meant to refer to the above-mentioned variations.
• crystalline form is meant to refer to a certain lattice configuration of a crystalline substance. Different crystalline forms of the same substance typically have different crystalline lattices (e.g., unit cells), typically have different physical properties attributed to their different crystalline lattices, and in some instances, have different water or solvent content. The different crystalline lattices can be identified by solid state
• XRPD X-ray powder diffraction
• DSC differential scanning calorimetry
• TGA thermogravimetric analysis
• DVS dynamic vapor sorption
• Different crystalline forms of a particular substance can include both anhydrous forms of that substance and solvated/hydrated forms of that substance, where each of the anhydrous forms and solvated/hydrated forms are distinguished from each other by different XRPD patterns, or other solid state characterization methods, thereby signifying different crystalline lattices.
• a single crystalline form e.g., identified by a unique XRPD pattern
• the compounds (or hydrates and solvates thereof) of the application are prepared in batches referred to as batches, samples, or preparations.
• the batches, samples, or preparations can include the compounds provided herein in any of the crystalline or non-crystalline forms described herein, including hydrated and non-hydrated forms, and mixtures thereof.
• the compounds disclosed herein can include all isotopes of atoms occurring within them. Isotopes include those atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers. For example, isotopes of hydrogen include tritium and deuterium.
• the compounds provided herein e.g., Compound 1
• the compounds provided herein are substantially isolated.
• substantially isolated is meant that the compound or salt is at least partially or substantially separated from the environment in which it was formed or detected. Partial separation can include, e.g., a composition enriched in the compound, salts, or crystalline forms provided herein.
• Substantial separation can include compositions containing at least about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 70%, at least about 80%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 97%, or at least about 99% by weight of the compounds, salts, or crystalline forms provided herein.
• phrases "pharmaceutically acceptable” is employed herein to refer to those compounds, materials, compositions and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
• the present application further provides a process of preparing Compound 1, where the process can be suitable for scale up.
• a process of preparing Compound 1 is described in US 2015/0307493, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
• the process provided herein has certain advantages making it suitable for scale up. For example, process provided herein uses less hazardous reagents while affording high yields and good quality products. Further, the process provided herein can generate Compound 7 (see below) in situ without isolating of Compound 7, which provides better efficiency on a large scale.
• the process of preparing Compound 1 comprises reacting
• Bl is a base.
• Bl is an alkali metal hydroxide base such as sodium hydroxide.
• the reacting of Compound 8 with Bl can be carried out in a solvent.
• the solvent comprises an ether solvent such as 1,4-dioxane. Ether solvents such as 1,4-dioxane can afford Compound 1 in high yields and good quality.
• the reacting of Compound 8 with Bl is carried out at elevated temperature, for example, at a temperature of about 50 °C to about 85 °C (e.g., about 60 °C to about 80 °C or about 65 °C to about 75 °C). In some embodiments, the temperature is about 70 °C.
• Bl is provided in molar excess with respect to the amount of Compound 8. In some embodiments, about 3 to about 4 or about 3.5 equivalent of Bl is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 8.
• the process further comprises reacting Compound 7:
• P2 is transition metal catalyst such as a palladium catalyst.
• palladium catalysts include [ ⁇ , - bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II) (Pd(dppf)Cl2, e.g., Pd(dppf)Cl2- CH2CI2), dichloro(bis ⁇ di-teri-butyl[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-phosphoranyl ⁇ )palladium (Pd- 132), Pd(PPh3)4, and tetrakis(tri(o-tolyl)phosphine)palladium(0).
• P2 is Pd(dppf)Cl2.
• B2 is an alkali metal bicarbonate base such as sodium bicarbonate. In some embodiments, B2 is an alkali metal carbonate base such as K2CO3.
• the reacting of Compound 7 with Compound 9 can be carried out in a solvent.
• the solvent comprises a protic solvent, an ether solvent, or a mixture thereof.
• the solvent comprises water, 1,4-dioxane, or a mixture thereof.
• the reacting of Compound 7 with Compound 9 is carried out at elevated temperature, for example, at a temperature of about 80 °C to about 100 °C (e.g., about 85 °C to about 95 °C). In some embodiments, the temperature is about 90 °C.
• about 1 equivalent of the Compound 9 is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 7 or Compound 6 (which has the structure shown below).
• P2 is provided in a sufficiently catalytic amount. For example, about 0.01 to about 0.05 or about 0.03 equivalent of P2 is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 7.
• B2 is provided in molar excess with respect to the amount of Compound 9. In some embodiments, about 2 to about 3 or about 2.5 equivalents of B2 is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 9.
• the process further comprises reacting Compound 6:
• P3 is a transition metal catalyst such as a palladium catalyst.
• palladium catalysts examples include [ ⁇ , - bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II) (Pd(dppf)Cl2, e.g., Pd(dppf)Cl2- CH2CI2), dichloro(bis ⁇ di-teri-butyl[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-phosphoranyl ⁇ )palladium (Pd- 132), Pd(PPh3)4, and tetrakis(tri(o-tolyl)phosphine)palladium(0).
• P3 is Pd(dppf)Cl2.
• B3 is an alkali metal acetate base such as potassium acetate.
• the reacting of Compound 6 with 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(l,3,2- dioxaborolane) can be carried out in a solvent.
• the solvent comprises an ether solvent such as 1,4-dioxane.
• the reacting of Compound 6 with 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(l,3,2-dioxaborolane) is carried out at elevated temperature, for example, at a temperature of about 70 °C to about 90 °C (e.g., 75 °C to about 85 °C). In some embodiments, the temperature is about 80 °C.
• the reagent 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(l,3,2-dioxaborolane) is provided in molar excess with respect to the amount of Compound 6.
• about 2 to about 2.5 equivalents of 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(l,3,2-dioxaborolane) is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 6.
• B3 is provided in molar excess with respect to the amount of Compound 6.
• about 3 to about 3.5 equivalents of B3 is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 6.
• P3 is provided in a sufficiently catalytic amount.
• about 0.01 to about 0.05 or about 0.03 equivalent of P3 is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 6.
• the reacting to form Compound 7 and then subsequently to form Compound 8 is conducted in the same reaction vessel without the isolation of
• Compound 7 When the reacting to form Compound 7 and then Compound 8 is conducted in the same reaction vessel (without the isolation of Compound 7), Compound 8 can be formed from Compounds 7 and 9 without the addition of P2, e.g., by using P3 (a transition metal catalyst) in the same reaction vessel to form Compound 7.
• P3 a transition metal catalyst
• the coupling reactions to generate Compound 8 from Compound 6 can be carried out in two separate steps, where Compound 7 is isolated and P2 is employed in the reaction to generate Compound 8 from Compound 7.
• Compound 8 can be prepared by a process comprising reacting
• P4 is a transition metal catalyst such as a palladium catalyst.
• palladium catalysts include 4-(di-teri-butylphosphino)-N,N-dimethylaniline- dichloropalladium (2: 1), Pd(dppf)Ch (e.g., Pd(dppf)Cl 2 -CH 2 Cl 2 ), dichloro(bis ⁇ di-tert- butyl[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-phosphoranyl ⁇ )palladium (Pd-132), Pd(PPh3)4, and tetrakis(tri(o-tolyl)phosphine)palladium(0).
• P4 is 4-(di-tert- butylphosphino)-N,N-dimethylaniline-dichloropalladium (2: 1).
• P4 is Pd(dppf)Cl2 (e.g., Pd(dppf)Cl2-CH2Cl2).
• B4 is a base such as cesium fluoride.
• B4 is an alkali metal carbonate such as K2CO3.
• the reacting of Compound 6 with Compound 15 can be carried out in a solvent.
• the solvent comprises a protic solvent, an ether solvent, or a mixture thereof.
• the reacting is carried out in a solvent comprising 1,4-dioxane, water, or a mixture thereof.
• the reacting of Compound 6 with Compound 15 is carried out at an elevated temperature (e.g., higher than room temperature) such as at about reflux temperature.
• about 1 equivalent of Compound 15 is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 6.
• B4 is provided in molar excess with respect to Compound 6.
• about 3 to about 4 or about 3.5 equivalents of B4 is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 6.
• P4 is typically provided in a sufficiently catalytic amount.
• about 0.01 to about 0.1 or about 0.05 equivalent of P4 is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 6.
• Compound 15 can be prepared by a process comprising reacting Compound 9 with 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(l ,3,2-dioxaborolane) in the presence of P8 and B8, wherein P8 is a transition metal catalyst and B8 is a base.
• P8 is a transition metal catalyst such as a palladium catalyst.
• a transition metal catalyst such as a palladium catalyst.
• palladium catalysts include tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)
• P8 is (dimethylamino)phenyl]-phosphoranyl ⁇ )palladium (Pd-132), Pd(PPh3)4, and tetrakis(tri(o- tolyl)phosphine)palladium(O).
• P8 is
• B8 is an alkali metal acetate base such as potassium acetate.
• the reacting of Compound 9 with 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(l ,3,2-dioxaborolane) can be carried out in a solvent.
• the solvent comprises an ether solvent such as 1,4- dioxane.
• the reacting of Compound 9 with 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'- octamethyl-2,2'-bi(l,3,2-dioxaborolane) is carried out at a temperature of about 75 °C to about 95 °C.
• the temperature is about 80 °C to about 90 °C or about 80 °C to about 85 °C.
• about 2 equivalent of 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'- octamethyl-2,2'-bi(l,3,2-dioxaborolane) is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 9.
• B8 is provided in molar excess with respect to Compound 9.
• about 2 to about 3 of B8 is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 9.
• P8 is typically provided in a sufficiently catalytic amount.
• about 0.01 to about 0.1 or about 0.025 equivalent of P8 is used based on 1 equivalent of Compound 9.
• Compound 6 can be prepared according to the procedures in US2015/0307493, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some embodiments, Compound 6 is prepared by a process comprising reacting Compound 5:
• the methylating agent is methyl iodide (Mel), dimethyl sulfate, dimethyl carbonate, or tetramethylammonium chloride.
• the methylating agent is methyl iodide.
• B5 is an alkali metal carbonate base such as potassium carbonate (K2CO3).
• the reacting of Compound 5 with the methylating agent is carried out in a solvent comprising, for example, an aprotic solvent such as N'N- dimethylformamide (DMF).
• the reacting of Compound 5 with the methylating agent is carried out at a temperature of about 10 °C to about 20 °C or about 15 °C to about 20 °C.
• Compound 5 is prepared by a process comprising reacting Compound 4:
• B6 is an alkali metal carbonate such potassium carbonate (K2CO3).
• the reacting of Compound 4 with 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoyl bromide can be conducted in the presence of a solvent.
• the solvent comprises acetonitrile, water, or a mixture thereof.
• the reacting of Compound 4 with 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoyl bromide can be carried out at elevated temperature, for example, at a temperature of about 60 °C to about 90 °C. In some embodiments, the temperature is about 75 °C.
• Compound 4 is prepared by a process comprising reacting
• the reducing agent is sodium hydrosulfite or fh/Raney Ni.
• the reacting of Compound 3 with the reducing agent can be conducted in the presence of a solvent.
• the solvent comprises a protic solvent (e.g., water and methanol), an ether solvent (tetrahydrofuran), or a mixture thereof.
• the reacting of Compound 3 and sodium hydrosulfite is carried out in water, tetrahydrofuran, or a mixture thereof.
• the reacting of Compound 3 with fh/Raney Ni is carried out in methanol.
• Compound 3 with the reducing agent is carried out at room temperature.
• sodium hydrosulfite is used in combination with sodium bicarbonate.
• the reacting of Compound 3 with sodium hydrosulfite and sodium bicarbonate can produce Compound 4 under mild process conditions as compared to fh/Raney Ni, which can be hazardous on a large scale.
• Compound 3 is prepared by a process comprising reacting Compound 2:
• NBS N-bromosuccinimide
• DMF N,N-dimethylformamide
• the reacting is carried out at room temperature.
• Compound 2 is prepared by a process comprising reacting Compound l a:
• the reacting is carried out at a temperature of about 60 °C to about 90 °C or about 75 °C to about 80 °C.
• Compound 9 can be prepared according to the procedures in US2015/0307493 and WO2013/097601 , each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some embodiments, Compound 9 is prepared by a process comprising reacting
• the reacting is carried out in a solvent comprising an aprotic solvent such as N'N-dimethylformamide (DMF).
• aprotic solvent such as N'N-dimethylformamide (DMF).
• Compound 14 is prepared by a process comprising reacting Compound 13:
• the acid is a strong aqueous acid such as HC1.
• the reacting is carried out in a solvent comprising an ether solvent such as 1,4- dixoane.
• Compound 13 is prepared by a process comprising reacting Compound 12:
• the reacting is carried out in a solvent comprising an aprotic solvent such as N'N- dimethylformamide (DMF).
• aprotic solvent such as N'N- dimethylformamide (DMF).
• Compound 12 is prepared by a process comprising reacting Compound 11 :
• the reacting is carried out in a solvent comprising an ether solvent such as tetrahydrofuran (THF).
• THF tetrahydrofuran
• the combination of iron and acetic acid can be employed as a reducing agent and can be a safer alternative to reducing agent such as H2/Raney Ni, which can be hazardous on a large scale.
• Compound 11 is prepared by a process comprising reacting
• B7 is an alkali metal alkoxide such lithium methanolate.
• the reacting is carried out in a solvent comprising an aprotic solvent such as N'N-dimethylformamide (DMF).
• aprotic solvent such as N'N-dimethylformamide (DMF).
• the process of preparing Compound 6 comprises:
• the process of preparing Compound 9 comprises:
• the process of preparing Compound 1, or a salt thereof comprises:
• the process of preparing Compound 1, or a salt thereof comprises:
• the process of preparing Compound 1, or a salt thereof comprises:
• the process of preparing Compound 1 comprises:
• the process of preparing Compound 1 comprises:
• the process of preparing Compound 1 comprises:
• provided herein is a compound which is
• provided herein is a process of reacting Compound 6 with 4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-octamethyl-2,2'-bi(l,3,2-dioxaborolane) in the presence of P3 and B3 to form Compound 7.
• a solution of Compound 1 at elevated temperature as described herein refers to a solution at a temperature that is above room temperature.
• solution of Compound 1 at elevated temperature would have a temperature above about room temperature, e.g., above about 20 °C, above about 30 °C, above about 40 °C, above about 50 °C, above about 60 °C, above about 70 °C, above about 80 °C, above about 90 °C, or above about 100 °C.
• concentrating a solution as described herein refers to a solution where its volume is reduced by letting the solvent evaporate, by heating the solution, by subjecting the solution to reduced pressure, or any combination thereof.
• alkali metal bicarbonate base employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a base having formula M(HC03), wherein M refers to an alkali metal (e.g. lithium, sodium, or potassium).
• alkali metal bicarbonate bases include, but are not limited to, lithium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium bicarbonate.
• alkali metal carbonate base employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a base having formula M2CO3, wherein M refers to an alkali metal (e.g. lithium, sodium, or potassium).
• alkali metal carbonate bases include, but are not limited to lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and potassium carbonate.
• alkali metal hydroxide base employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a base having formula MOH, wherein M refers to an alkali metal (e.g. lithium, sodium, or potassium).
• alkali metal hydroxide bases include, but are not limited to lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.
• alkali metal acetate base employed alone or in combination with other terms, refers to a base having formula M(OC(0)CH3), wherein M refers to an alkali metal (e.g. lithium, sodium, or potassium).
• alkali metal acetate bases include, but are not limited to lithium acetate, sodium acetate, and potassium acetate.
• transition metal catalyst refers to a metal catalyst (e.g., palladium or nickel catalyst) suitable to catalyze a carbon-carbon coupling reaction.
• Example transition metal catalysts include, but are not limited to, PdCh(PPh3)2, Pd(PPh3)4, dichloro(bis ⁇ di-teri-butyl[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-phosphoranyl ⁇ )palladium (Pd-132),
• Example palladium catalysts include but are not limited to PdCh(PPh3)2, Pd(PPh3)4, dichloro(bis ⁇ di-tert-butyl[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-phosphoranyl ⁇ )palladium (Pd-132), palladium on carbon, PdCh, Pd(OAc) 2 , PdCl 2 (MeCN) 2 ,
• the reacting involves two reagents, wherein one or more equivalents of second reagent are used with respect to the first reagent.
• the reacting steps of the processes described herein can be conducted for a time and under conditions suitable for preparing the identified product.
• anti-solvent as described herein refers to a solvent where Compound 1 is less soluble relative to another solvent or solvent mixture in the solution.
• anti-solvent can include but not limited to benzene, cyclohexane, pentane, hexane, heptane (e.g., n-heptane), toluene, cycloheptane, methylcyclohexane, heptane, ethylbenzene, m-, 0-, or p-xylene, octane, indane, nonane, or naphthalene.
• Suitable solvents can be substantially nonreactive with the starting materials (reactants), the intermediates, or products at the temperatures at which the reactions are carried out, e.g., temperatures which can range from the solvent's freezing temperature to the solvent's boiling temperature.
• a given reaction can be carried out in one solvent or a mixture of more than one solvent.
• suitable solvents for a particular reaction step can be selected.
• reactions can be carried out in the absence of solvent, such as when at least one of the reagents is a liquid or gas.
• Suitable solvents can include halogenated solvents such as carbon tetrachloride, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, bromoform, chloroform,
• Suitable ether solvents include: dimethoxymethane, tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxane, 1,4- dioxane, furan, tetrahydrofuran (THF), diethyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (diglyme), diethylene glycol diethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, anisole, fert-butyl methyl ether, mixtures thereof and the like.
• Suitable protic solvents can include, by way of example and without limitation, water, methanol, ethanol, 2-nitroethanol, 2-fluoroethanol, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, ethylene glycol, 1- propanol, 2-propanol, 2-methoxy ethanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, zsobutyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol, 2-ethoxy ethanol, diethylene glycol, 1 -, 2-, or 3- pentanol, neo-pentyl alcohol, tert- pentyl alcohol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, cyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol, phenol, or glycerol.
• Suitable aprotic solvents can include, by way of example and without limitation, N,N- dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), l ,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6- tetrahydro-2(lH)-pyrimidinone (DMPU), l,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI),
• NMP N-methylpyrrolidinone
• formamide N-methylacetamide, N-methylformamide, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, propionitrile, ethyl formate, methyl acetate
• Suitable hydrocarbon solvents include benzene, cyclohexane, pentane, hexane, toluene, cycloheptane, methylcyclohexane, heptane, ethylbenzene, m-, o-, or p-xylene, octane, indane, nonane, or naphthalene.
• reactions of the processes described herein can be carried out in air or under an inert atmosphere.
• reactions containing reagents or products that are substantially reactive with air can be carried out using air-sensitive synthetic techniques that are well known to the skilled artisan.
• ambient temperature and “room temperature,” as used herein, are understood in the art, and refer generally to a temperature, e.g. , a reaction temperature, that is about the temperature of the room in which the reaction is carried out, for example, a temperature from about 20 °C to about 30 °C.
• Compound 1, or a salt thereof is a BET protein inhibitor and thus, is useful in treating diseases and disorders associated with activity of BET proteins.
• any forms of Compound 1, including any of the embodiments described herein, may be used.
• Compound 1 can inhibit one or more of BET proteins BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRD-t. In some embodiments, Compound 1 selectively inhibits one or more BET proteins over another. “Selective" means that the compound binds to or inhibits a BET protein with greater affinity or potency, respectively, compared to a reference, such as another BET protein. For example, the compound can be selective for BRD2 over BRD3, BRD4 and BRD- t, selective for BRD3 over BRD2, BRD4 and BRD-t, selective for BRD4 over BRD2, BRD3 and BRD-t, or selective for BRD-t over BRD2, BRD3 and BRD4.
• the compound inhibits two or more of the BET proteins, or all of the BET proteins.
• selectivity can be at least about 5-fold, at least about 10-fold, at least about 20-fold, at least about 50-fold, at least about 100-fold, at least about 200-fold, at least about 500-fold or at least about 1000-fold.
• BET protein mediated disorder or “BET-mediated disorder” refers to any disorder, disease or condition in which one or more of the BET proteins, such as BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and/or BRD-t, or a mutant thereof, plays a role, or where the disease or condition is associated with expression or activity of one or more of the BET proteins.
• Compound 1, as an inhibitor of BET proteins can therefore be used to treat or lessen the severity of diseases and conditions where BET proteins, such as BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and/or BRD-t, or a mutant thereof, are known to play a role.
• Diseases and conditions treatable using Compound 1 include, but are not limited to, cancer and other proliferative disorders, autoimmune disease, chronic inflammatory diseases, acute inflammatory diseases, sepsis, and viral infection.
• the diseases can be treated by administering to an individual (e.g. , a patient) in need of the treatment a therapeutically effective amount or dose of Compound 1, or any of the embodiments thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof.
• the present disclosure also provides a solid form of Compound 1 , or any of the embodiments thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the solid form, for use in treating a BET-mediated disease or disorder. Also provided is the use of a solid form of Compound 1, or any of the embodiments thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the solid form, in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a BET-mediated disease or disorder.
• cancers that can be treated with Compound 1 include cancers.
• the cancers can include, but are not limited to, adrenal cancer, acinic cell carcinoma, acoustic neuroma, acral lentiginous melanoma, acrospiroma, acute eosinophilic leukemia, acute erythroid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, acute monocytic leukemia, acute promyelocytic leukemia, adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenoma, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, adenosquamous carcinoma, adipose tissue neoplasm, adrenocortical carcinoma, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, aggressive NK-cell leukemia, AIDS-related lymphoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar soft part sarcoma,
• angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma angiomyolipoma, angiosarcoma, astrocytoma, atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, B-cell
• prolymphocytic leukemia B-cell lymphoma, basal cell carcinoma, biliary tract cancer, bladder cancer, blastoma, bone cancer, Brenner tumor, Brown tumor, Burkitt's lymphoma, breast cancer, brain cancer, carcinoma, carcinoma in situ, carcinosarcoma, cartilage tumor, cementoma, myeloid sarcoma, chondroma, chordoma, choriocarcinoma, choroid plexus papilloma, clear-cell sarcoma of the kidney, craniopharyngioma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, Degos disease, desmoplastic small round cell tumor, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, dysgerminoma, embryonal carcinoma, endocrine gland neoplasm, endodermal sinus tumor, enteropathy - associated T-cell lymphoma, esophageal cancer,
• Schwannomatosis seminoma, Sertoli cell tumor, sex cord-gonadal stromal tumor, signet ring cell carcinoma, skin cancer, small blue round cell tumors, small cell carcinoma, soft tissue sarcoma, somatostatinoma, soot wart, spinal tumor, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma, synovial sarcoma, Sezary' s disease, small intestine cancer, squamous carcinoma, stomach cancer, T-cell lymphoma, testicular cancer, thecoma, thyroid cancer, transitional cell carcinoma, throat cancer, urachal cancer, urogenital cancer, urothelial carcinoma, uveal melanoma, uterine cancer, verrucous carcinoma, visual pathway glioma, vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, Warthin's tumor, and Wilms' tumor.
• the cancer can be adenocarcinoma, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, bladder cancer, blastoma, bone cancer, breast cancer, brain cancer, carcinoma, myeloid sarcoma, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, glioblastoma multiforme, glioma, gallbladder cancer, gastric cancer, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, intestinal cancer, kidney cancer, laryngeal cancer, leukemia, lung cancer, lymphoma, liver cancer, small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, mesothelioma, multiple myeloma, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), ocular cancer, optic nerve tumor, oral cancer, ovarian cancer, pituitary tumor, primary central nervous system lymphoma, prostate cancer, pancre
• the cancer is a hematological cancer.
• the cancer is multiple myeloma, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
• AML acute myeloid leukemia
• DLBCL diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
• the diseases treatable using Compound 1 also include MYC dependent cancers wherein the cancer is associated with at least one of myc RNA expression or MYC protein expression.
• a patient can be identified for such treatment by determining myc RNA expression or MYC protein expression in the cancerous tissue or cells.
• Diseases that can be treated with Compound 1 also include non-cancerous proliferative disorders.
• proliferative disorders examples include, but are not limited to, benign soft tissue tumors, bone tumors, brain and spinal tumors, eyelid and orbital tumors, granuloma, lipoma, meningioma, multiple endocrine neoplasia, nasal polyps, pituitary tumors, prolactinoma, pseudotumor cerebri, seborrheic keratoses, stomach polyps, thyroid nodules, cystic neoplasms of the pancreas, hemangiomas, vocal cord nodules, polyps, and cysts, Castleman disease, chronic pilonidal disease, dermatofibroma, pilar cyst, pyogenic granuloma, and juvenile polyposis syndrome.
• the diseases and conditions that can be treated with Compound 1 also include chronic autoimmune and inflammatory conditions.
• autoimmune and inflammatory conditions include acute, hyperacute or chronic rejection of transplanted organs, acute gout, acute inflammatory responses (such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and ischemia/reperfusion injury), Addison's disease, agammaglobulinemia, allergic rhinitis, allergy, alopecia, Alzheimer's disease, appendicitis, atherosclerosis, asthma, osteoarthritis, juvenile arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthriti, satopic dermatitis, autoimmune alopecia, autoimmune hemolytic and thrombocytopenic states, autoimmune hypopituitarism, autoimmune polyglandular disease, Behcet's disease, bullous skin diseases, cholecystitis, chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cirrhosis, degenerative inflammatory
• Parkinson's disease pericarditis, pernicious anemia, pneumonitis, primary biliary sclerosing cholangitis, polyarteritis nodosa, psoriasis, retinitis, scleritis, scleracierma, scleroderma, sinusitis, Sjogren's disease, sepsis, septic shock, sunburn, systemic lupus erythematosus, tissue graft rejection, thyroiditis, type I diabetes, Takayasu's arteritis, urethritis, uveitis, vasculitis, vasculitis including giant cell arteritis, vasculitis with organ involvement such as glomerulonephritis, vitiligo, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia and Wegener's
• the diseases and conditions that can be treated with Compound 1 also include diseases and conditions which involve inflammatory responses to infections with bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites or their toxins, such as sepsis, sepsis syndrome, septic shock, endotoxaemia, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multi-organ dysfunction syndrome, toxic shock syndrome, acute lung injury, ARDS (adult respiratory distress syndrome), acute renal failure, fulminant hepatitis, bums, acute pancreatitis, post-surgical syndromes, sarcoidosis, Herxheimer reactions, encephalitis, myelitis, meningitis, malaria, SIRS associated with viral infections such as influenza, herpes zoster, herpes simplex and coronavirus.
• diseases and conditions which involve inflammatory responses to infections with bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites or their toxins such as sepsis, sepsis syndrome, septic shock, endotoxaemia, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multi
• Compound 1 Other diseases that can be treated with Compound 1 include viral infections.
• viral infections examples include Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, herpes virus, human immunodeficiency virus, human papilloma virus, adenovirus, poxvirus and other episome-based DNA viruses.
• Compound 1 can therefore be used to treat disease and conditions such as herpes simplex infections and reactivations, cold sores, herpes zoster infections and reactivations, chickenpox, shingles, human papilloma virus, cervical neoplasia, adenovirus infections, including acute respiratory disease, and poxvirus infections such as cowpox and smallpox and African swine fever virus.
• Compound 1 can be used in the treatment of human papilloma virus infections of skin or cervical epithelia.
• the diseases and conditions that can be treated with Compound 1 also include conditions that are associated with ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
• conditions that are associated with ischaemia-reperfusion injury include, but are not limited to conditions such as myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular ischaemia (stroke), acute coronary syndromes, renal reperfusion injury, organ transplantation, coronary artery bypass grafting, cardio-pulmonary bypass procedures and pulmonary, renal, hepatic, gastro-intestinal or peripheral limb embolism.
• Compound 1 is also useful in the treatment of disorders of lipid metabolism via the regulation of APO-A1 such as hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.
• Compound 1 is also useful in the treatment of fibrotic conditions such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, renal fibrosis, post-operative stricture, keloid formation, scleroderma and cardiac fibrosis.
• Compound 1 can also be used to treat ophthamological indications such as dry eye. Compound 1 can also be used to treat heart disease such as heart failure.
• contacting refers to the bringing together of indicated moieties in an in vitro system or an in vivo system.
• contacting a BET protein with Compound 1 includes the administration of Compound 1 to an individual or patient, such as a human, having a BET protein, as well as, for example, introducing solid form of a compound provided herein into a sample containing a cellular or purified preparation containing the BET protein.
• the phrase "therapeutically effective amount” refers to the amount of active compound or pharmaceutical agent that elicits the biological or medicinal response that is being sought in a tissue, system, animal, individual or human by a researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician.
• treating refers to inhibiting the disease; for example, inhibiting a disease, condition or disorder in an individual who is experiencing or displaying the pathology or symptomatology of the disease, condition or disorder (i. e. ,, arresting further development of the pathology and/or symptomatology) or ameliorating the disease; for example, ameliorating a disease, condition or disorder in an individual who is experiencing or displaying the pathology or symptomatology of the disease, condition or disorder (i. e. ,, reversing the pathology and/or symptomatology) such as decreasing the severity of disease.
• preventing refers to preventing the disease; for example, preventing a disease, condition or disorder in an individual who may be predisposed to the disease, condition or disorder but does not yet experience or display the pathology or symptomatology of the disease.
• Compound 1 can be used in combination treatments where Compound 1 is administered in conjunction with other treatments such as the administration of one or more additional therapeutic agents.
• the additional therapeutic agents are typically those which are normally used to treat the particular condition to be treated.
• the additional therapeutic agents can include, e.g. , chemotherapeutics, anti -inflammatory agents, steroids,
• Compound 1 can be used in combination with a therapeutic agent that targets an epigenetic regulator.
• epigenetic regulators include the histone lysine methyltransferases, histone arginine methyl transferases, histone demethylases, histone deacetylases, histone acetylases, and DNA methyltransferases.
• Histone deacetylase inhibitors include, e.g., vorinostat.
• Compound 1 can be used in combination with chemotherapeutic agents, or other anti-proliferative agents.
• Compound 1 can also be used in combination with medical therapy such as surgery or radiotherapy, e.g. , gamma-radiation, neutron beam radiotherapy, electron beam radiotherapy, proton therapy, brachy therapy, and systemic radioactive isotopes.
• chemotherapeutic agents include any of: abarelix, aldesleukin, alemtuzumab, alitretinoin, allopurinol, altretamine, anastrozole, arsenic trioxide, asparaginase, azacitidine, bevacizumab, bexarotene, bleomycin, bortezombi, bortezomib, busulfan intravenous, busulfan oral, calusterone, capecitabine, carboplatin, carmustine, cetuximab, chlorambucil, cisplatin, cladribine, clofarabine, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, dacarbazine, dactinomycin, dalteparin sodium, dasatinib, daunorubicin, decitabine, denileukin, denileukin diftitox, dexrazoxane, docetaxe
• Compound 1 can be used in combination with ruxolitinib.
• Compound 1 can be used in combination with one or more immune checkpoint inhibitors.
• immune checkpoint inhibitors include inhibitors against immune checkpoint molecules such as CD27, CD28, CD40, CD 122, CD96, CD73, CD47, OX40, GITR, CSF1R, JAK, PI3K delta, PI3K gamma, TAM, arginase, CD 137 (also known as 4- 1BB), ICOS, A2AR, B7-H3, B7-H4, BTLA, CTLA-4, LAG3, TIM3, VISTA, PD-1, PD-Ll and PD-L2.
• immune checkpoint inhibitors include inhibitors against immune checkpoint molecules such as CD27, CD28, CD40, CD 122, CD96, CD73, CD47, OX40, GITR, CSF1R, JAK, PI3K delta, PI3K gamma, TAM, arginase, CD 137 (also known as 4- 1BB), ICOS, A2AR
• the immune checkpoint molecule is a stimulatory checkpoint molecule selected from CD27, CD28, CD40, ICOS, OX40, GITR and CD137.
• the immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitory checkpoint molecule selected from A2AR, B7-H3, B7-H4, BTLA, CTLA-4, IDO, KIR, LAG3, PD-1, TIM3, and VISTA.
• the compounds provided herein can be used in combination with one or more agents selected from KIR inhibitors, TIGIT inhibitors, LAIR1 inhibitors, CD 160 inhibitors, 2B4 inhibitors and TGFR beta inhibitors.
• the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is anti-PDl antibody, anti-PD-Ll antibody, or anti-CTLA-4 antibody.
• the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of PD-1, e.g., an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody.
• the anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody is nivolumab, pembrolizumab (also known as MK-3475), pidilizumab, SHR-1210, PDR001, or AMP-224.
• the anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody is nivolumab or pembrolizumab.
• the anti-PDl antibody is pembrolizumab.
• the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of PD-Ll, e.g., an anti-PD-Ll monoclonal antibody.
• the anti-PD-Ll monoclonal antibody is BMS-935559, MEDI4736, MPDL3280A (also known as RG7446), or MSB0010718C.
• the anti-PD-Ll monoclonal antibody is BMS-935559, MEDI4736, MPDL3280A (also known as RG7446), or MSB0010718C.
• the anti-PD-Ll monoclonal antibody is
• the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of CTLA-4, e.g., an anti-CTLA-4 antibody.
• the anti-CTLA-4 antibody is ipilimumab.
• the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of LAG3, e.g., an anti-LAG3 antibody.
• the anti-LAG3 antibody is BMS-986016 or LAG525.
• the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of GITR, e.g., an anti-GITR antibody.
• the anti-GITR antibody is TRX518 or MK-4166.
• the inhibitor of an immune checkpoint molecule is an inhibitor of OX40, e.g., an anti-OX40 antibody or OX40L fusion protein.
• OX40 e.g., an anti-OX40 antibody or OX40L fusion protein.
• the anti-OX40 antibody is MEDI0562.
• the OX40L fusion protein is MEDI6383.
• Compound 1 can be used in combination with one or more agents for the treatment of diseases such as cancer.
• the agent is an alkylating agent, a proteasome inhibitor, a corticosteroid, or an immunomodulatory agent.
• an alkylating agent include cyclophosphamide (CY), melphalan (MEL), and bendamustine.
• the proteasome inhibitor is carfilzomib. In some embodiments, the
• corticosteroid is dexamethasone (DEX).
• the immunomodulatory agent is lenalidomide (LEN) or pomalidomide (POM).
• Compound 1 can be administered in combination with a corticosteroid such as triamcinolone, dexamethasone, fluocinolone, cortisone, prednisolone, or flumetholone.
• a corticosteroid such as triamcinolone, dexamethasone, fluocinolone, cortisone, prednisolone, or flumetholone.
• Compound 1 can be administered in combination with an immune suppressant such as fluocinolone acetonide (Retisert®), rimexolone (AL-2178, Vexol, Alcon), or cyclosporine (Restasis®).
• an immune suppressant such as fluocinolone acetonide (Retisert®), rimexolone (AL-2178, Vexol, Alcon), or cyclosporine (Restasis®).
• Compound 1 can be administered in combination with one or more additional agents selected from DehydrexTM (Holies Labs), Civamide (Opko), sodium hyaluronate (Vismed, Lantibio/TRB Chemedia), cyclosporine (ST-603, Sirion Therapeutics), ARG101(T) (testosterone, Argentis),
• AGR1012(P) (Argentis), ecabet sodium (Senju-Ista), gefarnate (Santen), 15-(s)- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15(S)-HETE), cevilemine, doxycycline (ALTY-0501, Alacrity), minocycline, iDestrinTM (NP50301, Nascent Pharmaceuticals), cyclosporine A (Nova22007, Novagali), oxy tetracycline (Duramycin, MOLI1901, Lantibio), CF101 (2S, 3S, 4R, 5R)-3, 4-dihydroxy-5-[6-[(3-iodophenyl)methylamino]purin-9-yl]-N-methyl-oxolane-2- carbamyl, Can-Fite Biopharma), voclosporin (LX212 or LX214, Lux Biosciences), ARG103 (Agentis), RX-10045 (synthetic re
• dehydroepiandrosterone anakinra, efalizumab, mycophenolate sodium, etanercept
• Compound 1 can be administered in combination with one or more agents selected from an antibiotic, antiviral, antifungal, anesthetic, anti-inflammatory agents including steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, and anti-allergic agents.
• suitable medicaments include aminoglycosides such as amikacin, gentamycin, tobramycin, streptomycin, netilmycin, and kanamycin; fluoroquinolones such as
• ciprofloxacin norfloxacin, ofloxacin, trovafloxacin, lomefloxacin, levofloxacin, and enoxacin; naphthyridine; sulfonamides; polymyxin; chloramphenicol; neomycin;
• paramomycin paramomycin; colistimethate; bacitracin; vancomycin; tetracyclines; rifampin and its derivatives ("rifampins"); cycloserine; beta-lactams; cephalosporins; amphotericins;
• fluconazole flucytosine; natamycin; miconazole; ketoconazole; corticosteroids; diclofenac; flurbiprofen; ketorolac; suprofen; cromolyn; lodoxamide; levocabastin; naphazoline;
• agents one or more of which a provided compound may also be combined with include: a treatment for Alzheimer's Disease such as donepezil and rivastigmine; a treatment for Parkinson's Disease such as L-DOPA/carbidopa, entacapone, ropinirole, pramipexole, bromocriptine, pergolide, trihexyphenidyl, and amantadine; an agent for treating multiple sclerosis (MS) such as beta interferon (e.g.
• MS multiple sclerosis
• a treatment for asthma such as albuterol and montelukast
• an agent for treating schizophrenia such as zyprexa, risperdal, seroquel, and haloperidol
• an anti-inflammatory agent such as a corticosteroid, such as dexamethasone or prednisone, a TNF blocker, IL-1 RA, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and sulfasalazine
• an immunomodulatory agent including immunosuppressive agents, such as cyclosporin, tacrolimus, rapamycin, mycophenolate mofetil, an interferon, a corticosteroid,
• a neurotrophic factor such as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, an MAO inhibitor, an interferon, an anti-convulsant, an ion channel blocker, riluzole, or an anti-Parkinson's agent
• an agent for treating cardiovascular disease such as a beta-blocker, an ACE inhibitor, a diuretic, a nitrate, a calcium channel blocker, or a statin
• an agent for treating liver disease such as a corticosteroid,
• cholestyramine an interferon, and an anti-viral agent
• an agent for treating blood disorders such as a corticosteroid, an anti-leukemic agent, or a growth factor
• an agent for treating immunodeficiency disorders such as gamma globulin.
• Compound 1 is administered in combination with a JAK kinase inhibitor (e.g., ruxolitinib, tofacitinib, baricitinib, CYT387, GLPG0634, lestaurtinib, pacritinib, TGI 01348, or a JAK1 -selective inhibitor), a Pirn kinase inhibitor (including inhibitors of one or more of PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3), a PI3 kinase inhibitor including PI3K- delta selective and broad spectrum PI3K inhibitors, an MEK inhibitor, a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, a b-RAF inhibitor, an mTOR inhibitor, a proteasome inhibitor (e.g., bortezomib, carfilzomib), an HD AC -inhibitor (e.g., panobinostat, vorinostat), a DNA methyl transferase inhibitor
• lenolidomide lenolidomide, pomalidomide
• Compound 1 When employed as pharmaceuticals, Compound 1 (e.g., a solid form of Compound 1 such as a crystalline solid form) can be administered as pharmaceutical compositions. These compositions can be prepared in a manner well known in the pharmaceutical art, and can be administered by a variety of routes, depending upon whether local or systemic treatment is desired and upon the area to be treated.
• Administration may be topical (including transdermal, epidermal, ophthalmic and to mucous membranes including intranasal, vaginal and rectal delivery), pulmonary (e.g., by inhalation or insufflation of powders or aerosols, including by nebulizer; intratracheal or intranasal), oral or parenteral.
• Parenteral administration includes intravenous, intraarterial, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal intramuscular or injection or infusion; or intracranial, e.g. , intrathecal or intraventricular, administration.
• Parenteral administration can be in the form of a single bolus dose, or may be, for example, by a continuous perfusion pump.
• Pharmaceutical compositions and formulations for topical administration may include transdermal patches, ointments, lotions, creams, gels, drops, suppositories, sprays, liquids and powders.
• compositions which contain, as the active ingredient, Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in combination with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers (excipients).
• the composition is suitable for topical administration.
• the active ingredient is typically mixed with an excipient, diluted by an excipient or enclosed within such a carrier in the form of, for example, a capsule, sachet, paper, or other container.
• the excipient serves as a diluent, it can be a solid, semi-solid, or liquid material, which acts as a vehicle, carrier or medium for the active ingredient.
• compositions can be in the form of tablets, pills, powders, lozenges, sachets, cachets, elixirs, suspensions, emulsions, solutions, syrups, aerosols (as a solid or in a liquid medium), ointments containing, for example, up to 10% by weight of the active compound, soft and hard gelatin capsules, suppositories, sterile injectable solutions, and sterile packaged powders.
• Compound 1 can be milled to provide the appropriate particle size prior to combining with the other ingredients. If Compound 1 is substantially insoluble, it can be milled to a particle size of less than 200 mesh. If Compound 1 is substantially water soluble, the particle size can be adjusted by milling to provide a substantially uniform distribution in the formulation, e.g. , about 40 mesh.
• Compound 1 may be milled using known milling procedures such as wet milling to obtain a particle size appropriate for tablet formation and for other formulation types. Finely divided (nanoparticulate) preparations of Compound 1 can be prepared by processes known in the art, e.g., see International App. No. WO 2002/000196.
• excipients include lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, starches, gum acacia, calcium phosphate, alginates, tragacanth, gelatin, calcium silicate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose, water, syrup, and methyl cellulose.
• the formulations can additionally include: lubricating agents such as talc, magnesium stearate, and mineral oil; wetting agents; emulsifying and suspending agents; preserving agents such as methyl- and propylhydroxy-benzoates; sweetening agents; and flavoring agents.
• the compositions provided herein can be formulated so as to provide quick, sustained or delayed release of the active ingredient after administration to the patient by employing procedures known in the art.
• compositions can be formulated in a unit dosage form containing a desired amount of the active ingredient.
• unit dosage forms refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages for human subjects and other mammals, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active material calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect, in association with a suitable pharmaceutical excipient.
• the active compound may be effective over a wide dosage range and is generally administered in a pharmaceutically effective amount. It will be understood, however, that the amount of the compound actually administered will usually be determined by a physician, according to the relevant circumstances, including the condition to be treated, the chosen route of administration, the actual compound administered, the age, weight, and response of the individual patient, the severity of the patient's symptoms, and the like.
• the principal active ingredient is mixed with a pharmaceutical excipient to form a solid preformulation composition containing a homogeneous mixture of a compound of provided herein.
• a solid preformulation composition containing a homogeneous mixture of a compound of provided herein.
• the active ingredient is typically dispersed evenly throughout the composition so that the composition can be readily subdivided into equally effective unit dosage forms such as tablets, pills and capsules.
• preformulation is then subdivided into unit dosage forms of the type described above.
• the tablets or pills described herein can be coated or otherwise compounded to provide a dosage form affording the advantage of prolonged action.
• the tablet or pill can comprise an inner dosage and an outer dosage component, the latter being in the form of an envelope over the former.
• the two components can be separated by an enteric layer which serves to resist disintegration in the stomach and permit the inner component to pass intact into the duodenum or to be delayed in release.
• enteric layers or coatings such materials including a number of polymeric acids and mixtures of polymeric acids with such materials as shellac, cetyl alcohol, and cellulose acetate.
• liquid forms in which the Compound 1 and compositions provided herein can be incorporated for administration orally or by injection include aqueous solutions, suitably flavored syrups, aqueous or oil suspensions, and flavored emulsions with edible oils such as cottonseed oil, sesame oil, coconut oil, or peanut oil, as well as elixirs and similar pharmaceutical vehicles.
• compositions for inhalation or insufflation include solutions and suspensions in pharmaceutically acceptable, aqueous or organic solvents, or mixtures thereof, and powders.
• the liquid or solid compositions may contain suitable pharmaceutically acceptable excipients as described supra.
• the compositions are administered by the oral or nasal respiratory route for local or systemic effect.
• Compositions can be nebulized by use of inert gases. Nebulized solutions may be breathed directly from the nebulizing device or the nebulizing device can be attached to a face masks tent, or intermittent positive pressure breathing machine. Solution, suspension, or powder compositions can be administered orally or nasally from devices which deliver the formulation in an appropriate manner.
• Topical formulations can contain one or more conventional carriers.
• ointments can contain water and one or more hydrophobic carriers selected from, for example, liquid paraffin, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, propylene glycol, white vaseline, and the like.
• Carrier compositions of creams can be based on water in combination with glycerol and one or more other components, e.g. , glycerinemonostearate, PEG- glycerinemonostearate and cetylstearyl alcohol.
• Gels can be formulated using isopropyl alcohol and water, suitably in combination with other components such as, for example, glycerol, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, and the like.
• the topical formulations can be suitably packaged in tubes of, for example, 100 g which are optionally associated with instructions for the treatment of the select indication, e.g., psoriasis or other skin condition.
• compositions can be administered to a patient already suffering from a disease in an amount sufficient to cure or at least partially arrest the symptoms of the disease and its complications. Effective doses will depend on the disease condition being treated as well as by the judgment of the attending clinician depending upon factors such as the severity of the disease, the age, weight and general condition of the patient, and the like.
• compositions administered to a patient can be in the form of pharmaceutical compositions described above. These compositions can be sterilized by conventional sterilization techniques, or may be sterile filtered. Aqueous solutions can be packaged for use as is, or lyophilized, the lyophilized preparation being combined with a sterile aqueous carrier prior to administration.
• the pH of the compound preparations typically will be between 3 and 11, more preferably from 5 to 9 and most preferably from 7 to 8. It will be understood that use of certain of the foregoing excipients, carriers, or stabilizers will result in the formation of pharmaceutical salts.
• the therapeutic dosage Compound 1 can vary according to, for example, the particular use for which the treatment is made, the manner of administration of the compound, the health and condition of the patient, and the judgment of the prescribing physician.
• composition can vary depending upon a number of factors including dosage, chemical characteristics (e.g., hydrophobicity), and the route of administration.
• dosage is likely to depend on such variables as the type and extent of progression of the disease or disorder, the overall health status of the particular patient, the relative biological efficacy of the compound selected, formulation of the excipient, and its route of administration.
• Effective doses can be extrapolated from dose-response curves derived from in vitro or animal model test systems.
• compositions provided herein can further include one or more additional pharmaceutical agents such as a chemotherapeutic, steroid, anti-inflammatory compound, or immunosuppressant, examples of which are listed hereinabove.
• additional pharmaceutical agents such as a chemotherapeutic, steroid, anti-inflammatory compound, or immunosuppressant, examples of which are listed hereinabove.
• the compounds of the Examples were found to be inhibitors of one or more BET proteins as described below.
• N-Bromosuccinimide (NBS, 680 g, 3.82 moles, 1.0 equiv) was added at 0 °C to a solution of 4-(methylsulfonyl)-2-nitro-phenol (Compound 2, 825 g, 3.8 moles) in DMF (5.9 L). The cooling bath was removed after 10 minutes and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for two hours. When LCMS indicated the reaction was complete, water (5.9 L) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for one hour.
• Step 5a 8-Bromo-2, 2, 4-trimethyl-6-(methylsulfonyl)-2H-benzo[b ][ 1, 4 ]oxazin-3( 4H)-one (Compound 6)
• Iron powder Fe, 1085 g, 19.5 moles, 10 equiv
• acetic acid HO Ac, 4380 mL, 4595 g, 76.5 moles, 39.3 equiv
• the reaction mixture was heated to 40 °C, causing a slow and steady exothermic to 77 °C over one hour. After stirring at 75 °C for an additional two hours, LCMS indicated the reaction was complete.
• the reaction mixture was cooled to 50 °C, diluted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc, 4 L) and stirred at room temperature overnight.
• the solids were removed by filtration through celite, which was rinsed with ethyl acetate (EtOAc, 6 L).
• the combined filtrates were concentrated under reduced pressure.
• the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (EtOAc, 16 L) and the solution was washed with a solution of sodium carbonate (Na2C03, 900 g) in water (12 L) and with saturated brine (2 L).
• the combined aqueous layers were extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc, 4 L).
• the combined organic layers were evaporated under reduced pressure.
• Step 3b 4-Bromo-7-methoxy-l -tosyl-lH-pyrrolo[2, 3-cJpyridine (Compound 13)
• a 60% dispersion of sodium hydride in mineral oil NaH, 120 g, 3 moles, 1.5 equiv was added portion-wise over 15 minutes to a solution of crude 4-bromo-7-methoxy-lH- pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine (Compound 12, 450 g, 1.95 moles) in DMF(4.5 L).
• the temperature of the reaction mixture reached 38 °C.
• the reaction mixture was stirred for 10 minutes before being cooled to 20 °C.
• Step 5b 4-Bromo-6-methyl-l-tosyl-l, 6-dihydro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7-one (Compound 9)
• a degassed aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution was prepared by thoroughly mixing sodium bicarbonate (NaHCC , 578 g, 6.89 moles, 2.50 equiv) and potable water (8.3 L) until a solution was obtained and then bubbling nitrogen through the solution for about 34 minutes.
• the degassed aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and 4-bromo-6- methyl-l-tosyl-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7(6H)-one (Compound 9, 1050 g, 2.75 moles) were charged sequentially to the 100 L reactor at ambient temperature.
• the resulting reaction mixture in the 100 L reactor was heated to gentle reflux (about 89 °C) and stirred at reflux for about 2.5 hours until the second coupling reaction completion was indicated by HPLC.
• the reaction mixture was cooled to about 29 °C before potable water (26.3 L) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc, 39.4 L) were charged.
• the mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for about 19 minutes before being filtered through a Celite (1050 g) bed.
• the filter cake was washed with ethyl acetate (EtOAc, 4.2 L).
• the filtrate and wash solution were charged back to the 100 L reactor, the phases were separated, and the organic phase was kept in the reactor.
• an aqueous sodium bisulfite solution was prepared by thoroughly mixing sodium bisulfite (17,052 g) and potable water (41.0 L). About one third of the aqueous sodium bisulfite solution (15.6 L) was charged to the organic solution in the 100 L reactor and the resulting mixture was heated to about 50 °C and stirred at about 54 °C for about 1 hour. The mixture was cooled to about 39 °C and filtered through the same Celite pad as before, and the filter cake was washed with ethyl acetate (4.2 L). The combined filtrate and wash solution were charged back to the 100 L reactor, the phases were separated, and the organic phase was kept in the reactor.
• aqueous sodium bisulfite solution (15.6 L) was charged to the organic solution in the 100 L reactor and the resulting mixture was heated to about 50 °C and stirred at about 52 °C for about 1 hour.
• the reaction mixture was cooled to about 40 °C, the phases were separated, and the organic phase was kept in the reactor.
• the remainder of the aqueous sodium bisulfite solution (15.6 L) was charged to the organic solution in the 100 L reactor and the resulting mixture was heated to about 50 °C and stirred at about 50 °C for about 1 hour.
• the mixture was cooled to about 40 °C, the phases were separated, and the organic phase was kept in the reactor.
• the organic phase was washed sequentially with potable water (10.5 L) and aqueous sodium chloride solution prepared separately from 2100 g of sodium chloride and 10.5 L of potable water.
• the organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure at about 42 °C to a target volume of 11 L remaining (10 - 12 L per kg of Compound 9 charged).
• the residue was transferred to the 22 L reactor.
• the organic phase was further concentrated under reduced pressure at about 52 °C to a target volume of 5 L remaining (5 - 6 L per kg of Compound 9 charged).
• the residue was cooled to about 24 °C and stirred at about 19 °C for about 11.5 hours.
• a 100 L glass reactor was assembled with overhead stirring, condenser,
• a 50 L glass reactor was assembled with overhead stirring, distillation apparatus, thermocouple, addition funnel, and a nitrogen inlet and the apparatus was purged with nitrogen.
• 1,4-Dioxane (10.2 L) and 2,2,4-trimethyl-8-(6-methyl-7-oxo-l-tosyl-6,7-dihydro- lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-4-yl)-6-(methylsulfonyl)-2H-benzo[ )] [l ,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one (Compound 8, 3724 g resulted from the previous step and has solvents, 3400 g dry based, 5.97 moles) were charged to the reactor with stirring and the reaction mixture was heated to about 62 °C.
• an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was prepared by thoroughly mixing sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 860 g, 21.49 moles, 3.60 equiv) and potable water (21.5 L). The aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was charged to the reactor over about 26 minutes while maintaining the internal temperature at below 70 °C. The reaction mixture was heated about 84 °C and stirred at about 84 °C for about 2.5 hours until the deprotection reaction completion was indicated by HPLC. The reaction mixture was distilled under reduced pressure at about 70 °C to a target volume of 17 L remaining (5 L per kg of Compound 8 charged).
• a 50 L glass reactor was assembled with overhead stirring, thermocouple, and a nitrogen inlet and the apparatus was purged with nitrogen.
• Acetonitrile (17.2 L) and crude 2,2,4-trimethyl-8-(6-methyl-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-4-yl)-6- (methylsulfonyl)-2H-benzo[Z>] [l,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one (crude compound 1, 1726 g, 4.25 moles) were charged to the reactor with stirring. The resulting mixture was heated to about 72 °C and stirred at 70 - 75 °C for about 1.5 hours.
• the mixture was then cooled to about 25 °C and stirred at ambient temperature for about 1 hour.
• the solids were collected by filtration and the filter cake was washed with acetonitrile (9 L) before being charged back to the reactor with acetonitrile (17 L).
• the mixture was heated to about 39 °C and stirred at about 39 °C for about 1.5 hours.
• the mixture was cooled to about 17 °C and stirred at 17 °C for about 15 hours.
• the solids were collected by filtration and the filter cake was washed with methylene chloride (9 L).
• Step 4 Recrystallization of 2,2, 4-trimethyl-8-(6-methyl-7-oxo-6, 7-dihydro-lH-pyrrolo[2, 3- c ]pyridin-4-yl)-6-(methylsulfonyl)-2H-benzo[b ][ 1, 4 ]oxazin-3(4H)-one ( Compound 1)
• a 100 L glass reactor was assembled with overhead stirring, thermocouple, addition funnel, and a nitrogen inlet and a 50 L glass reactor was assembled with overhead stirring, condenser, thermocouple, addition funnel, and a nitrogen inlet and each apparatus was purged with nitrogen.
• the filtered n- heptane (37.7 L) was added to the reactor in portions while maintaining the internal temperature at below 60 °C.
• the distillation under reduced pressure was continued at about 59 °C to a target volume of 22 L remaining.
• the remaining mixture was cooled to about 24 °C and stirred at about 17 °C for about 6.75 hours.
• Form I and Form II could be interconverted to each other depending on the conditions such as solvent ratio, temperature, and time.
• Form I and Form II of the crystalline Compound 1 have similar solubility in organic solvents and water.
• Form I can also be obtained by adding about 30 mg of Compound 1 to about 2 mL of saturated or cloudy solution of Compound 1 in acetone followed by stirring at 25 ⁇ 1 °C for 3 days.
• the resulting reaction mixture was then degassed three times and each time filled with a steady stream of nitrogen gas. The reaction mixture was then heated to reflux for 2 - 3 hours. Once HPLC showed the coupling reaction was complete, the reaction mixture was gradually cooled down to 30 °C before water (300 mL) and 2-methoxy-2-methylpropane (MTBE, 300 mL) were added. The mixture was then stirred at ambient temperature for 15 min before the two layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with methoxy-2- methylpropane (MTBE, 100 mL). The combined extracts were treated with a solution of sodium bisulfite (40 g) in water (200 mL) and the resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 hours.
• Form I and Form II of Compound 1 were characterized by XRPD.
• the XRPD was obtained from Bruker D2 PHASER X-ray Powder Diffractometer instrument.
• the general experimental procedures for XRPD were: (1) X-ray radiation from copper at 1.054056 A with K p filter and LYNXEYETM detector; (2) X-ray power at 30 kV, 10 mA; and (3) the sample powder was dispersed on a zero-background sample holder.
• the general measurement conditions for XRPD were: Start Angle 5 degrees; Stop Angle 30 degrees; Sampling 0.015 degrees; and Scan speed 2 degree/min.
• the XRPD pattern of Form I is shown in FIG. 1 and the XRPD data are provided in Table 1.
• Form I and Form II of Compound 1 were characterized by DSC.
• the DSC was obtained from TA Instruments Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Model Q2000 with autosampler.
• the DSC instrument conditions were as follows: 25 - 300 °C at 10 °C/min; Tzero aluminum sample pan and lid; and nitrogen gas flow at 50 mL/min.
• the DSC thermogram of Form I is shown in FIG. 2.
• the DSC thermogram of Form I revealed a major endothermic event at an onset temperature of 264.7 °C with a peak temperature of 266.4 °C which is believed to be the melting/decomposition of the compound.
• the DSC thermogram of Form II is shown in FIG. 5.
• the DSC thermogram of Form II is shown in FIG. 5.
• TGA Transform I and Form II of Compound 1 were characterized by TGA.
• the TGA was obtained from PerkinElmer Thermogravimetric Analyzer, Model Pyris 1.
• the general experimental conditions for TGA were: ramp from 25 °C to 350 °C at 10°C/min; nitrogen purge gas flow at 60 mL/min; ceramic crucible sample holder.
• the TGA thermogram of Form I is shown in FIG. 3. A weight loss of about 0.4% up to 150 °C was observed and believed to be associated with the loss of moisture or residual solvents. Significant weight loss above 250 °C was observed and believed to be associated with the decomposition of the compound.
• the TGA thermogram of Form II is shown in FIG. 6. Significant weight loss above 250 °C was observed and believed to be associated with the decomposition of the compound.
• Example 5 Preparation of Forms la, III, IV, V, Va, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, and XV and Amorphous Compound 1
• Forms la, III, IV, V, Va, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, and XV and Amorphous of Compound 1 were prepared according to the procedures in Table 3 below. These forms were analyzed by XRPD (see Example 6), DSC (see Example 7), and TGA (see Example 8).
• Form XV The sample from Form III was dried under vacuum at 45-50 °C for 28 h.
• Example 6 XRPD of Forms la, III, IV, V, Va, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, and XV and Amorphous
• XRPD studies were conducted on the various forms from Example 5.
• the X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) was obtained from Rigaku MiniFlex X-ray Powder
• XRPD Diffractometer
• FIGs. 7-21 are XRPD patterns of Forms la, III, IV, V, Va, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, and XV, respectively.
• Tables 4-18 are peak listings of Forms la, III, IV, V, Va, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, and XV, respectively.
• the amorphous solid from Example 6 was analyzed using XRPD and determined to be amorphous.
• DSC studies were carried out on Forms Va, VII, VIII, X, XII, XIII, XIV, and XV.
• the DSC was obtained from TA Instruments Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Model Q200 with autosampler.
• the DSC instrument conditions were as follows: 30 - 300°C at 10°C/min; Tzero aluminum sample pan and lid; and nitrogen gas flow at 50 mL/min.
• TGA studies were carried out on Forms Va, VII, VIII, X, XIII, and XV.
• the TGA was obtained from TA Instrument Thermogravimetric Analyzer, Model Q500.
• the general experimental conditions for TGA were: ramp from 20°C to 600 °C at 20°C/min; nitrogen purge, gas flow at 40 mL/min followed by balance of the purge flow; sample purge flow at 60 mL/min; platinum sample pan.
• X a minor endothermic event at an onset a weight loss of about 8% up to 120 °C; temperature of 117 °C with a peak significant weight loss above 300 °C temperature of 121°C;

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Virology (AREA)
• Oncology (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Communicable Diseases (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Pulmonology (AREA)
• Neurology (AREA)
• Diabetes (AREA)
• Rheumatology (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• Neurosurgery (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Dermatology (AREA)
• Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Transplantation (AREA)
• AIDS & HIV (AREA)
• Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
• Endocrinology (AREA)
• Otolaryngology (AREA)
• Obesity (AREA)
• Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)

Priority Applications (48)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=59258384

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (34)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (11)

Citations (12)

Family Cites Families (155)

• 2017
  • 2017-06-19 EP EP23160938.9A patent/EP4234554A3/en active Pending
  • 2017-06-19 TW TW111147670A patent/TWI830533B/zh active
  • 2017-06-19 NZ NZ749956A patent/NZ749956A/en unknown
  • 2017-06-19 DK DK17734590.7T patent/DK3472157T3/da active
  • 2017-06-19 CA CA3220975A patent/CA3220975A1/en active Pending
  • 2017-06-19 RS RS20230430A patent/RS64274B1/sr unknown
  • 2017-06-19 SI SI201731358T patent/SI3472157T1/sl unknown
  • 2017-06-19 TW TW113101597A patent/TWI854936B/zh active
  • 2017-06-19 AU AU2017281286A patent/AU2017281286B2/en active Active
  • 2017-06-19 CN CN201780038099.6A patent/CN109715625B/zh active Active
  • 2017-06-19 PL PL17734590.7T patent/PL3472157T3/pl unknown
  • 2017-06-19 HU HUE17734590A patent/HUE062234T2/hu unknown
  • 2017-06-19 HR HRP20230466TT patent/HRP20230466T1/hr unknown
  • 2017-06-19 PE PE2023002468A patent/PE20240236A1/es unknown
  • 2017-06-19 MD MDE20190507T patent/MD3472157T2/ro unknown
  • 2017-06-19 EP EP17734590.7A patent/EP3472157B1/en active Active
  • 2017-06-19 CR CR20220651A patent/CR20220651A/es unknown
  • 2017-06-19 KR KR1020227036514A patent/KR102643344B1/ko active Active
  • 2017-06-19 JP JP2018566525A patent/JP7096170B2/ja active Active
  • 2017-06-19 SG SG11201811416VA patent/SG11201811416VA/en unknown
  • 2017-06-19 PE PE2018003269A patent/PE20190623A1/es unknown
  • 2017-06-19 UA UAA202008134A patent/UA125476C2/uk unknown
  • 2017-06-19 SM SM20230155T patent/SMT202300155T1/it unknown
  • 2017-06-19 LT LTEPPCT/US2017/038121T patent/LT3472157T/lt unknown
  • 2017-06-19 IL IL302528A patent/IL302528A/en unknown
  • 2017-06-19 MY MYPI2023005532A patent/MY209750A/en unknown
  • 2017-06-19 CR CR20190027A patent/CR20190027A/es unknown
  • 2017-06-19 CA CA3028689A patent/CA3028689A1/en active Pending
  • 2017-06-19 MX MX2018016281A patent/MX389145B/es unknown
  • 2017-06-19 CA CA3220957A patent/CA3220957A1/en active Pending
  • 2017-06-19 WO PCT/US2017/038121 patent/WO2017222977A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2017-06-19 SG SG10201912398PA patent/SG10201912398PA/en unknown
  • 2017-06-19 UA UAA201900524A patent/UA124106C2/uk unknown
  • 2017-06-19 PT PT177345907T patent/PT3472157T/pt unknown
  • 2017-06-19 PH PH1/2021/551886A patent/PH12021551886A1/en unknown
  • 2017-06-19 US US15/626,539 patent/US10189832B2/en active Active
  • 2017-06-19 IL IL263824A patent/IL263824B2/en unknown
  • 2017-06-19 CN CN202111446313.6A patent/CN114369091A/zh active Pending
  • 2017-06-19 KR KR1020247006758A patent/KR102888132B1/ko active Active
  • 2017-06-19 KR KR1020197001805A patent/KR102460046B1/ko active Active
  • 2017-06-19 FI FIEP17734590.7T patent/FI3472157T3/fi active
  • 2017-06-19 ES ES17734590T patent/ES2945063T3/es active Active
  • 2017-06-19 TW TW106120412A patent/TWI786050B/zh active
  • 2017-06-19 CN CN202111443358.8A patent/CN114366748A/zh active Pending
  • 2017-06-19 PH PH1/2021/551887A patent/PH12021551887A1/en unknown
  • 2017-06-19 KR KR1020257037981A patent/KR20250163425A/ko active Pending
  • 2017-06-19 MY MYPI2018002677A patent/MY198892A/en unknown
• 2018
  • 2018-12-07 US US16/213,202 patent/US10626114B2/en active Active
  • 2018-12-19 CL CL2018003702A patent/CL2018003702A1/es unknown
  • 2018-12-19 MX MX2021009776A patent/MX2021009776A/es unknown
  • 2018-12-19 MX MX2023009524A patent/MX2023009524A/es unknown
  • 2018-12-20 PH PH12018502709A patent/PH12018502709A1/en unknown
  • 2018-12-28 CO CONC2018/0014339A patent/CO2018014339A2/es unknown
• 2019
  • 2019-01-10 EC ECSENADI20191982A patent/ECSP19001982A/es unknown
• 2020
  • 2020-02-19 CL CL2020000407A patent/CL2020000407A1/es unknown
  • 2020-02-19 CL CL2020000408A patent/CL2020000408A1/es unknown
  • 2020-03-24 US US16/828,031 patent/US11091480B2/en active Active
  • 2020-12-18 US US17/127,351 patent/US11377446B2/en active Active
• 2021
  • 2021-08-09 AU AU2021215112A patent/AU2021215112B2/en active Active
  • 2021-08-17 IL IL285686A patent/IL285686B/en unknown
• 2022
  • 2022-03-29 JP JP2022053417A patent/JP7375082B2/ja active Active
  • 2022-06-02 US US17/830,494 patent/US12030882B2/en active Active
  • 2022-07-01 JP JP2022107131A patent/JP7588622B2/ja active Active
• 2023
  • 2023-06-15 CY CY20231100282T patent/CY1126092T1/el unknown
  • 2023-09-11 AU AU2023229471A patent/AU2023229471B2/en active Active
• 2024
  • 2024-05-28 US US18/675,780 patent/US12459943B2/en active Active
  • 2024-06-03 JP JP2024089725A patent/JP7727794B2/ja active Active
• 2025
  • 2025-07-31 JP JP2025128117A patent/JP2025176008A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (12)

Non-Patent Citations (16)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events